DOCSLIB.ORG

Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Sediment of Plešné Lake (The Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic): Palaeoenvironmental Implications

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Diptera: Chironomidae) in the Sediment of Plešné Lake (The Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic): Palaeoenvironmental Implications Biologia, Bratislava, 61/Suppl. 20: S401—S411, 2006 Section Zoology DOI: 10.2478/s11756-007-0076-6 Holocene subfossil chironomid stratigraphy (Diptera: Chironomidae) in the sediment of Plešné Lake (the Bohemian Forest, Czech Republic): Palaeoenvironmental implications Jolana Tátosová 1,JosefVeselý2 & Evžen Stuchlík3 1Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2,CZ-12801 Prague, Czech Republic; e-mail: [email protected] 2Czech Geological Survey, Geologická 6,CZ-15200 Prague 5, Czech Republic 3Hydrobiological Station, Institute for Environmental Studies, Charles University in Prague, P.O. Box 47,CZ-38801 Blatná, Czech Republic Abstract: A faunal record of chironomid remains was analyzed in the upper 280 cm of a 543 cm long sediment core from Plešné jezero (Plešné Lake), the Bohemian Forest (Šumava, B¨ohmerwald), Czech Republic. The chronology of the sediment was established by means of 5 AMS-dated plant macroremains. The resolution of individual 3-cm sediment layers is ∼115 years and the analyzed upper 280 cm of the sediment core represent 10.4 cal. ka BP. As the results of DCA show, two marked changes were recorded in the otherwise relatively stable Holocene chironomid composition: (1) at the beginning of the Holocene (ca. 10.4–10.1 cal. ka BP) only oligotrophic and cold-adapted taxa (Diamesa sp.,M.insignilobus-type, H. grimshawi-type) were present in the chironomid assemblages, clearly reflecting a cool climate oscillation during the Preboreal period, and (2) during an event dated in the interval 1540–1771 AD, when most taxa vanished entirely and only Zavrelimyia sp. and Procladius sp. were alternately present accompanied by Tanytarsus sp. Although, the age of this event is in agreement with the dating of the Little Ice Age, the most probable reason for the elimination of many chironomid taxa was very low sums recorded in this part of the sediment, rather than cool conditions connected with the LIA. Variations in the chironomid fauna after the Preboreal period were reflected mainly by changes in abundances of dominant taxa rather than by changes in species composition. These variations could be explained by: (1) climatic changes, namely temperature and amount of rainfall resulting in oscillations in lake level, with changes in the occurrence of macrophytes in the littoral and (2) increasingly dense afforestation which led to a considerable input of organic material into the lake and a subsequent increase in the trophic status of the lake water. Key words: Chironomidae, glacial lake, climate changes, palaeoenvironmental reconstruction, palaeolimnology. Introduction et al., 1997; Brooks & Birks, 2000). Chironomid lar- vae possess chitinized head capsules that are resistant Larvae of Chironomidae (Insecta: Diptera) colonize all to decomposition. Consequently, fossilized chironomid freshwater systems, from large lakes to the smallest head capsules tend to be well preserved in lake sed- ponds, and often dominate the benthos. This family iment over thousands of years, and can generally be is noted for its taxonomic richness, with nearly 10,000 identified to genus or, more rarely, to species-group species distributed globally (Cranston, 1995), repre- level. This offers the possibility of using the fossil chi- senting more than 20% of all freshwater insects in rivers ronomid record to infer past environmental conditions and lakes. As a result of their short generation times in lakes. Knowledge of modern chironomid ecology al- and the dispersal capacity of the winged adults, chi- lows the use of chironomid subfossils for the recon- ronomids respond rapidly to changes in a wide variety struction of palaeoproductivity (Brodersen & Linde- of environmental variables (Walker, 2001). Transfer gaard, 1999), acidification (Brodin & Gransberg, functions have been developed for a range of environ- 1993; Schnell & Willassen, 1996), palaeosalinity mental parameters including salinity (Heinrichs et al., (Walker et al., 1995) and, more recently, summer tem- 2001), dissolved oxygen (Quinlan & Smol, 2002) and perature variations (Brooks & Birks, 2001; Kor- nutrients (Brodersen & Lindegaard, 1999; Brooks hola et al., 2002; Heiri et al., 2003; Larocque & et al., 2001); however, over large climatic gradients, air Hall, 2004; Heiri & Lotter, 2005). temperature is often the best explanatory variable for The preliminary results presented here form part chironomid distribution (Lotter et al., 1997; Walker of a multi-disciplinary project investigating the biotic c 2006 Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences S402 J. Tátosová et al. Table 1. Radiocarbon dating of plant remains. Laboratory code Depth (cm) CAR yr. BP Range 1) cal. ka BP Intercept with cal. ka BP 2) NZA–9645 51–54 2005 ± 60 2.11–1.82 1.95 NZA–9317 105–108 3637 ± 60 4.13–3.82 3.95 NZA–13686 114–117 3949 ± 50 4.52–4.24 4.42 NZA–11663 141–144 4733 ± 55 5.59–5.32 5.53 NZA–9599 234–237 8264 ± 65 9.43–8.99 9.28 Explanations: CRA – Conventional Radiocarbon Age; NZA – Laboratory Code of the Rafter Radiocarbon Lab., New Zealand; 1) 95% confidence thresholds of ka BP; 2) REIMER et al. (2004). and abiotic responses to climate changes that occurred but did not survive the period of maximum acidification and during the Late Glacial and Holocene in the Bohemian at present the lake is fishless. Forest (Šumava, B¨ohmerwald), Czech Republic. Similar studies are available for many areas of Europe (Gan- Methods douin & Franquet, 2002; Korhola et al., 2002; Porinchu & Cwynar, 2002; Lotter & Birks, 2003; In 1991, a 543 cm long core was collected by R. Schmidt (In- Brooks & Birks, 2004; Larocque & Hall, 2004; stitute for Limnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Langdon et al., 2004; Dalton et al., 2005; Velle Mondsee, Austria) with a modified Kullenberg piston corer et al., 2005), but have never been done on lakes of close to the deepest part of the lake. The core was sub- glacial origins in the Czech Republic. Similar studies sampled every 3 cm and samples were continuously stored at 4 ◦C. A faunal record of chironomid remains was analyzed were published by Veselý et al. (1993), Veselý (1998, in the upper 280 cm. For analyses, a known weight of wet Pražáková & Fott Bitušík & ◦ 2000), (1994) and sediment was deflocculated in 10% KOH at 60 C for 20 min Kubovčík (2000). However, all of these concentrate and then washed with distilled water onto sieves with 230 on changes during shorter periods than are presented in µmand86µm mesh-size in order to facilitate the sorting this paper. The first integrated information on the mod- and picking of head capsules. The material was transferred ern chironomid fauna in these lakes of the Bohemian from the sieves into a plankton counting tray and all head Forest was given by Bitušík & Svitok (2006). capsules were picked with either fine forceps or a needle × The main aim of this paper is to describe the using a stereomicroscope at 25 magnification. After dehy- dration in isopropyl alcohol, head capsules were mounted on Holocene chironomid stratigraphy of Plešné jezero slides in Euparal mounting medium. (Plešné Lake) and to provide a preliminary Holocene Taxonomy mainly follows WIEDERHOLM (1983), reconstruction of key environmental conditions in this SCHMID (1993), BITUŠÍK (2000) and RIERADEVALL & area. BROOKS (2001). Members of the tribe Tanytarsini were re- viewed using the description given by HEIRI et al. (2004). Study site Concentrations of organic carbon (C) in lyophilized sub-samples were analyzed with a TOC 5000A analyzer. Plešné Lake is a small lake of glacial origin (7.6 ha, max. depth 17 m) located at an altitude of 1087 m a.s.l. and Chronology situated in a relatively remote and uninhabited part of A total of seven terrestrial plant remains were isolated from the Bohemian Forest (48◦47 N, 13◦52 E) in C Europe. five levels of the Holocene sediment and dated by the AMS- Thebedrockofthecatchment(0.67km2) is formed by radiocarbon method in the Rafter Radiocarbon Laboratory, Lower Hutt, New Zealand in the year 2000. Errors of dating granite, and is covered with a thin layer of lithosol, pod- 14 zol and spododystric cambisol (JANSKÝ et al., 2005). The by C-methods are ≤ 200 years and the age of the core catchment is steep and forested, with Picea excelsa domi- bottom was ∼14.5 ka BP. The resolution of individual 3-cm nating. The average annual and July air temperatures are sediment layers is ∼115 years in the Holocene (Tab. 1; for 4.4 and 13.1 ◦C, respectively (Czech Hydrometeorological more details see PRAŽÁKOVÁ et al., 2006). Institute), and the period of ice-cover averages 135 days −1 −1 yr . The present average TP loading (11 µgL ) suggests Data analysis mesotrophic conditions in the lake. The chironomid percentage diagrams were created using Plešné Lake was partially affected by atmospheric acid- TILIA version 2.0.2 (GRIMM, 2004) and the zones were de- ification in the early 1960s, and during the peak of acidifi- fined using the CONISS (constrained incremental sum of cation in 1980s the pH of lake water dropped below 4.7 squares cluster-analysis) program available in TILIA. In ad- (VESELÝ &MAJER, 1996; KOPÁČEK et al., 1998). At the dition, Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was ap- present time, the lake is in the process of chemical and bi- plied to the chironomid data. DCA was performed using the ological recovery (MAJER et al., 2003; VRBA et al., 2003; program CANOCO version 4.5A (Ter BRAAK &SMILAUER, th NEDBALOVÁ et al., 2006). At the end of 19 century, Salmo 2003) and square-root transformation of species data and trutta L., 1758 was introduced to the lake (VESELÝ, 1994), down-weighting of rare taxa were used. Subfossil chironomids from Plešné Lake S403 Results mulative variance in the chironomid data. The sample scores of these axes were plotted on a time scale, with Taxonomy scaling in the original standard deviation units.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks Bioblitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Stewardship and Science The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 ON THIS PAGE Photograph of BioBlitz participants conducting data entry into iNaturalist. Photograph courtesy of the National Park Service. ON THE COVER Photograph of BioBlitz participants collecting aquatic species data in the Presidio of San Francisco. Photograph courtesy of National Park Service. The 2014 Golden Gate National Parks BioBlitz - Data Management and the Event Species List Achieving a Quality Dataset from a Large Scale Event Natural Resource Report NPS/GOGA/NRR—2016/1147 Elizabeth Edson1, Michelle O’Herron1, Alison Forrestel2, Daniel George3 1Golden Gate Parks Conservancy Building 201 Fort Mason San Francisco, CA 94129 2National Park Service. Golden Gate National Recreation Area Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1061 Sausalito, CA 94965 3National Park Service. San Francisco Bay Area Network Inventory & Monitoring Program Manager Fort Cronkhite, Bldg. 1063 Sausalito, CA 94965 March 2016 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Stewardship and Science Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Stewardship and Science office in Fort Collins, Colorado, publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics. These reports are of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate comprehensive information and analysis about natural resources and related topics concerning lands managed by the National Park Service.
    [Show full text]
  • Orthocladiinae 7.1
    ORTHOCLADIINAE 7.1 SUBFAMILY ORTHOCLADIINAE 7 DIAGNOSIS: Antennae with 3-7 segments; may be strongly reduced or may be longer than head capsule. Labrum with S I variable (simple, bifid, branched, serrated, palmate or plumose); S II usually simple but may be bifid, branched, palmate or plumose; S III simple (rarely bifid); S IV normal. Labral lamellae present or absent. Mentum usually well sclerotized, with several to more than 25 teeth; ventro- mental plates absent/vestigial to very large, without striae (occasionally with ridges in Nanocladius); beard present or absent. Prementum variably developed but never with dense well developed median brush of setae. Body with anterior parapods (sometimes reduced and/or fused); with posterior parapods well developed, separate or fused, or parapods reduced or absent. Setal fringe, setal tufts or long setae sometimes present. Anal tubules normally present, may be reduced or absent/vestigial. NOTES: One of the most diverse of the chironomid subfamilies; orthoclad larvae are found in an amaz- ing variety of habitats, running the gamut from terrestrial (corn fields, dung, greenhouses, leaf litter in hardwood forests) to seeps, springs, streams, rivers, ponds and lakes in freshwater, and coastal estuarine and littoral marine areas. Most larvae are scrapers, shredders or collectors-gatherers; some taxa are preda- tors, some are parasites. Key to the genera of larval Orthocladiinae of the southeastern United States (larvae are unknown for Apometriocnemus, Chasmatonotus, Diplosmittia, Lipurometriocnemus, Plhudsonia, Saetheriella, Sublettiella and Tavastia) 1 Length of antennae at least 1/2 length of head capsule ............................................................ 2 1’ Length of antennae less than 1/2 length of head capsule ........................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Beyond Endocasts: Using Predicted Brain-Structure Volumes of Extinct Birds to Assess Neuroanatomical and Behavioral Inferences
    diversity Article Beyond Endocasts: Using Predicted Brain-Structure Volumes of Extinct Birds to Assess Neuroanatomical and Behavioral Inferences 1, , 2 2 Catherine M. Early * y , Ryan C. Ridgely and Lawrence M. Witmer 1 Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA; [email protected] (R.C.R.); [email protected] (L.M.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Current Address: Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. y Received: 1 November 2019; Accepted: 30 December 2019; Published: 17 January 2020 Abstract: The shape of the brain influences skull morphology in birds, and both traits are driven by phylogenetic and functional constraints. Studies on avian cranial and neuroanatomical evolution are strengthened by data on extinct birds, but complete, 3D-preserved vertebrate brains are not known from the fossil record, so brain endocasts often serve as proxies. Recent work on extant birds shows that the Wulst and optic lobe faithfully represent the size of their underlying brain structures, both of which are involved in avian visual pathways. The endocasts of seven extinct birds were generated from microCT scans of their skulls to add to an existing sample of endocasts of extant birds, and the surface areas of their Wulsts and optic lobes were measured. A phylogenetic prediction method based on Bayesian inference was used to calculate the volumes of the brain structures of these extinct birds based on the surface areas of their overlying endocast structures. This analysis resulted in hyperpallium volumes of five of these extinct birds and optic tectum volumes of all seven extinct birds.
    [Show full text]
  • The Aquatic Insect Community in Penitentiary Glen, a Portage Escarpment Stream in Northeastern Ohio1
    Copyright © 1984 Ohio Acad. Sci. 0030-0950/84/0003-0113 $2.00/0 THE AQUATIC INSECT COMMUNITY IN PENITENTIARY GLEN, A PORTAGE ESCARPMENT STREAM IN NORTHEASTERN OHIO1 DAVID J. ROBERTSON,2 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 ABSTRACT. The aquatic insects inhabiting Penitentiary Glen, an isolated, high- gradient lotic habitat along Stoney Brook in Lake County, Ohio, were sampled during winter (December 1976), spring (May 1977), and summer (July 1977) months. Col- lections of immatures from dip nets and Surber samples were augmented with adult specimens taken in sweep nets and hand-picked from streamside rocks. Seventy-three species distributed among 60 genera in 7 orders were collected. Based on the diverse composition of the community dominated by organisms intolerant of organic en- richment, water quality in Stoney Brook is not significantly degraded. Community composition varies seasonally, with a trend toward a declining proportion of facultative organisms and increasing proportions of saproxenous and saprophobic organisms from winter through spring and into summer. Benthic diversity in Penitentiary Glen compares favorably with that in similar, relatively undisturbed northeastern Ohio streams, but the identity and proportional distribution of aquatic taxa varies considerably between streams. OHIO J. SCI. 84 (3): 113-119, 1984 INTRODUCTION the base to over 300 m at the crest. The Portage Escarpment demarks the Streams draining the highlands have exca- northern edge of the Allegheny Plateau in vated narrow gorges into the edge of the northeastern Ohio. A steep ridge paral- plateau in their descent to Lake Erie. Be- leling the southern shoreline of Lake Erie tween the Grand River and its tributaries reveals the location of the escarpment on the northeast and the Cuyahoga Valley which extends westward from Ashtabula on the west, the streams have created a Co.
    [Show full text]
  • CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research
    CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research No. 25 ISSN 0172-1941 (printed) 1891-5426 (online) November 2012 CONTENTS Editorial: Inventories - What are they good for? 3 Dr. William P. Coffman: Celebrating 50 years of research on Chironomidae 4 Dear Sepp! 9 Dr. Marta Margreiter-Kownacka 14 Current Research Sharma, S. et al. Chironomidae (Diptera) in the Himalayan Lakes - A study of sub- fossil assemblages in the sediments of two high altitude lakes from Nepal 15 Krosch, M. et al. Non-destructive DNA extraction from Chironomidae, including fragile pupal exuviae, extends analysable collections and enhances vouchering 22 Martin, J. Kiefferulus barbitarsis (Kieffer, 1911) and Kiefferulus tainanus (Kieffer, 1912) are distinct species 28 Short Communications An easy to make and simple designed rearing apparatus for Chironomidae 33 Some proposed emendations to larval morphology terminology 35 Chironomids in Quaternary permafrost deposits in the Siberian Arctic 39 New books, resources and announcements 43 Finnish Chironomidae 47 Chironomini indet. (Paratendipes?) from La Selva Biological Station, Costa Rica. Photo by Carlos de la Rosa. CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research Editors Torbjørn EKREM, Museum of Natural History and Archaeology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway Peter H. LANGTON, 16, Irish Society Court, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, Northern Ireland BT52 1GX The CHIRONOMUS Newsletter on Chironomidae Research is devoted to all aspects of chironomid research and aims to be an updated news bulletin for the Chironomidae research community. The newsletter is published yearly in October/November, is open access, and can be downloaded free from this website: http:// www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/chironomus. Publisher is the Museum of Natural History and Archaeology at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Vol. 11, No. 3
    BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Volume 11 Number 3 CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS: Part 3 (Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, Charadriiformes) Pierce Brodkorb M,4 * . /853 0 UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Gainesville 1967 Numbers of the BULLETIN OF THE FLORIDA STATE MUSEUM are pub- lished at irregular intervals. Volumes contain about 800 pages and are not nec- essarily completed in any one calendar year. WALTER AuFFENBERC, Managing Editor OLIVER L. AUSTIN, JA, Editor Consultants for this issue. ~ HILDEGARDE HOWARD ALExANDER WErMORE Communications concerning purchase or exchange of the publication and all manuscripts should be addressed to the Managing Editor of the Bulletin, Florida State Museum, Seagle Building, Gainesville, Florida. 82601 Published June 12, 1967 Price for this issue $2.20 CATALOGUE OF FOSSIL BIRDS: Part 3 ( Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, Charadriiformes) PIERCE BRODKORBl SYNOPSIS: The third installment of the Catalogue of Fossil Birds treats 84 families comprising the orders Ralliformes, Ichthyornithiformes, and Charadriiformes. The species included in this section number 866, of which 215 are paleospecies and 151 are neospecies. With the addenda of 14 paleospecies, the three parts now published treat 1,236 spDcies, of which 771 are paleospecies and 465 are living or recently extinct. The nominal order- Diatrymiformes is reduced in rank to a suborder of the Ralliformes, and several generally recognized families are reduced to subfamily status. These include Geranoididae and Eogruidae (to Gruidae); Bfontornithidae
    [Show full text]
  • 71St Annual Meeting Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Paris Las Vegas Las Vegas, Nevada, USA November 2 – 5, 2011 SESSION CONCURRENT SESSION CONCURRENT
    ISSN 1937-2809 online Journal of Supplement to the November 2011 Vertebrate Paleontology Vertebrate Society of Vertebrate Paleontology Society of Vertebrate 71st Annual Meeting Paleontology Society of Vertebrate Las Vegas Paris Nevada, USA Las Vegas, November 2 – 5, 2011 Program and Abstracts Society of Vertebrate Paleontology 71st Annual Meeting Program and Abstracts COMMITTEE MEETING ROOM POSTER SESSION/ CONCURRENT CONCURRENT SESSION EXHIBITS SESSION COMMITTEE MEETING ROOMS AUCTION EVENT REGISTRATION, CONCURRENT MERCHANDISE SESSION LOUNGE, EDUCATION & OUTREACH SPEAKER READY COMMITTEE MEETING POSTER SESSION ROOM ROOM SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS SEVENTY-FIRST ANNUAL MEETING PARIS LAS VEGAS HOTEL LAS VEGAS, NV, USA NOVEMBER 2–5, 2011 HOST COMMITTEE Stephen Rowland, Co-Chair; Aubrey Bonde, Co-Chair; Joshua Bonde; David Elliott; Lee Hall; Jerry Harris; Andrew Milner; Eric Roberts EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Philip Currie, President; Blaire Van Valkenburgh, Past President; Catherine Forster, Vice President; Christopher Bell, Secretary; Ted Vlamis, Treasurer; Julia Clarke, Member at Large; Kristina Curry Rogers, Member at Large; Lars Werdelin, Member at Large SYMPOSIUM CONVENORS Roger B.J. Benson, Richard J. Butler, Nadia B. Fröbisch, Hans C.E. Larsson, Mark A. Loewen, Philip D. Mannion, Jim I. Mead, Eric M. Roberts, Scott D. Sampson, Eric D. Scott, Kathleen Springer PROGRAM COMMITTEE Jonathan Bloch, Co-Chair; Anjali Goswami, Co-Chair; Jason Anderson; Paul Barrett; Brian Beatty; Kerin Claeson; Kristina Curry Rogers; Ted Daeschler; David Evans; David Fox; Nadia B. Fröbisch; Christian Kammerer; Johannes Müller; Emily Rayfield; William Sanders; Bruce Shockey; Mary Silcox; Michelle Stocker; Rebecca Terry November 2011—PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS 1 Members and Friends of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology, The Host Committee cordially welcomes you to the 71st Annual Meeting of the Society of Vertebrate Paleontology in Las Vegas.
    [Show full text]
  • Onetouch 4.0 Scanned Documents
    / Chapter 2 THE FOSSIL RECORD OF BIRDS Storrs L. Olson Department of Vertebrate Zoology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC. I. Introduction 80 II. Archaeopteryx 85 III. Early Cretaceous Birds 87 IV. Hesperornithiformes 89 V. Ichthyornithiformes 91 VI. Other Mesozojc Birds 92 VII. Paleognathous Birds 96 A. The Problem of the Origins of Paleognathous Birds 96 B. The Fossil Record of Paleognathous Birds 104 VIII. The "Basal" Land Bird Assemblage 107 A. Opisthocomidae 109 B. Musophagidae 109 C. Cuculidae HO D. Falconidae HI E. Sagittariidae 112 F. Accipitridae 112 G. Pandionidae 114 H. Galliformes 114 1. Family Incertae Sedis Turnicidae 119 J. Columbiformes 119 K. Psittaciforines 120 L. Family Incertae Sedis Zygodactylidae 121 IX. The "Higher" Land Bird Assemblage 122 A. Coliiformes 124 B. Coraciiformes (Including Trogonidae and Galbulae) 124 C. Strigiformes 129 D. Caprimulgiformes 132 E. Apodiformes 134 F. Family Incertae Sedis Trochilidae 135 G. Order Incertae Sedis Bucerotiformes (Including Upupae) 136 H. Piciformes 138 I. Passeriformes 139 X. The Water Bird Assemblage 141 A. Gruiformes 142 B. Family Incertae Sedis Ardeidae 165 79 Avian Biology, Vol. Vlll ISBN 0-12-249408-3 80 STORES L. OLSON C. Family Incertae Sedis Podicipedidae 168 D. Charadriiformes 169 E. Anseriformes 186 F. Ciconiiformes 188 G. Pelecaniformes 192 H. Procellariiformes 208 I. Gaviiformes 212 J. Sphenisciformes 217 XI. Conclusion 217 References 218 I. Introduction Avian paleontology has long been a poor stepsister to its mammalian counterpart, a fact that may be attributed in some measure to an insufRcien- cy of qualified workers and to the absence in birds of heterodont teeth, on which the greater proportion of the fossil record of mammals is founded.
    [Show full text]
  • Sistemática Y Filogenia De Las Aves Fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae)
    SISTEMÁTICA Y FILOGENIA DE LAS AVES FORORRACOIDEAS (GRUIFORMES, CARIAMAE) Federico Agnolín1, 2 1Laboratorio de Anatomía Comparada y Evolución de los Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”. Av. Ángel Gallardo, 470 (1405), Buenos Aires, República Argentina. fedeagnolí[email protected] 2Área Paleontología. Fundación de Historia Natural “Félix de Azara”. Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropolo- gía. CEBBAD - Universidad Maimónides. Valentín Virasoro 732 (C1405BDB), Buenos Aires, República Argentina. Sistemática y Filogenia de las Aves Fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae). Federico Agnolín. Primera edición: septiembre de 2009. Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Antropología CEBBAD - Instituto Superior de Investigaciones Universidad Maimónides Valentín Virasoro 732 (C1405BDB) Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, República Argentina. Teléfono: 011-4905-1100 (int. 1228). E-mail: [email protected] Página web: www.fundacionazara.org.ar Diseño: Claudia Di Leva. Agnolín, Federico Sistemática y filogenia de las aves fororracoideas : gruiformes, cariamae / Federico Agnolín ; dirigido por Adrián Giacchino. - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara, 2009. 79 p. : il. ; 30x21 cm. - (Monografías Fundación Azara / Adrián Giacchino) ISBN 978-987-25346-1-5 © Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara Queda hecho el depósito que marca la ley 11.723 Sistemática y Filogenia de las aves fororracoideas (Gruiformes, Cariamae) Resumen. En el presente trabajo se efectúa una revisión sistemática de las aves fororracoideas y se propone por primera vez una filogenia cladística para los Phororhacoidea y grupos relacionados. Se acuña el nuevo nombre Notogrues para el clado que incluye entre otros taxones a Psophia, Cariamidae y Phororhacoidea. Dentro de los Notogrues se observa una paulatina tendencia hacia la pérdida del vuelo y la carnivoría.
    [Show full text]
  • Chironomidae Hirschkopf
    Literatur Chironomidae Gesäuse U.A. zur Bestimmung und Ermittlung der Autökologie herangezogene Literatur: Albu, P. (1972): Două specii de Chironomide noi pentru ştiinţă în masivul Retezat.- St. şi Cerc. Biol., Seria Zoologie, 24: 15-20. Andersen, T.; Mendes, H.F. (2002): Neotropical and Mexican Mesosmittia Brundin, with the description of four new species (Insecta, Diptera, Chironomidae).- Spixiana, 25(2): 141-155. Andersen, T.; Sæther, O.A. (1993): Lerheimia, a new genus of Orthocladiinae from Africa (Diptera: Chironomidae).- Spixiana, 16: 105-112. Andersen, T.; Sæther, O.A.; Mendes, H.F. (2010): Neotropical Allocladius Kieffer, 1913 and Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932 (Diptera: Chironomidae).- Zootaxa, 2472: 1-77. Baranov, V.A. (2011): New and rare species of Orthocladiinae (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Crimea, Ukraine.- Vestnik zoologii, 45(5): 405-410. Boggero, A.; Zaupa, S.; Rossaro, B. (2014): Pseudosmittia fabioi sp. n., a new species from Sardinia (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae).- Journal of Entomological and Acarological Research, [S.l.],46(1): 1-5. Brundin, L. (1947): Zur Kenntnis der schwedischen Chironomiden.- Arkiv för Zoologi, 39 A(3): 1- 95. Brundin, L. (1956): Zur Systematik der Orthocladiinae (Dipt. Chironomidae).- Rep. Inst. Freshwat. Drottningholm 37: 5-185. Casas, J.J.; Laville, H. (1990): Micropsectra seguyi, n. sp. du groupe attenuata Reiss (Diptera: Chironomidae) de la Sierra Nevada (Espagne).- Annls Soc. ent. Fr. (N.S.), 26(3): 421-425. Caspers, N. (1983): Chironomiden-Emergenz zweier Lunzer Bäche, 1972.- Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 65: 484-549. Caspers, N. (1987): Chaetocladius insolitus sp. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Lunz, Austria. In: Saether, O.A. (Ed.): A conspectus of contemporary studies in Chironomidae (Diptera).
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of the Family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 441: 63–90 (2014)Checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland 63 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7461 CHECKLIST www.zookeys.org Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland Lauri Paasivirta1 1 Ruuhikoskenkatu 17 B 5, FI-24240 Salo, Finland Corresponding author: Lauri Paasivirta ([email protected]) Academic editor: J. Kahanpää | Received 10 March 2014 | Accepted 26 August 2014 | Published 19 September 2014 http://zoobank.org/F3343ED1-AE2C-43B4-9BA1-029B5EC32763 Citation: Paasivirta L (2014) Checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) of Finland. In: Kahanpää J, Salmela J (Eds) Checklist of the Diptera of Finland. ZooKeys 441: 63–90. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7461 Abstract A checklist of the family Chironomidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented. Keywords Finland, Chironomidae, species list, biodiversity, faunistics Introduction There are supposedly at least 15 000 species of chironomid midges in the world (Armitage et al. 1995, but see Pape et al. 2011) making it the largest family among the aquatic insects. The European chironomid fauna consists of 1262 species (Sæther and Spies 2013). In Finland, 780 species can be found, of which 37 are still undescribed (Paasivirta 2012). The species checklist written by B. Lindeberg on 23.10.1979 (Hackman 1980) included 409 chironomid species. Twenty of those species have been removed from the checklist due to various reasons. The total number of species increased in the 1980s to 570, mainly due to the identification work by me and J. Tuiskunen (Bergman and Jansson 1983, Tuiskunen and Lindeberg 1986).
    [Show full text]
  • Volume 2, Chapter 12-19: Terrestrial Insects: Holometabola-Diptera
    Glime, J. M. 2017. Terrestrial Insects: Holometabola – Diptera Nematocera 2. In: Glime, J. M. Bryophyte Ecology. Volume 2. 12-19-1 Interactions. Ebook sponsored by Michigan Technological University and the International Association of Bryologists. eBook last updated 19 July 2020 and available at <http://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/bryophyte-ecology2/>. CHAPTER 12-19 TERRESTRIAL INSECTS: HOLOMETABOLA – DIPTERA NEMATOCERA 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Cecidomyiidae – Gall Midges ........................................................................................................................ 12-19-2 Mycetophilidae – Fungus Gnats ..................................................................................................................... 12-19-3 Sciaridae – Dark-winged Fungus Gnats ......................................................................................................... 12-19-4 Ceratopogonidae – Biting Midges .................................................................................................................. 12-19-6 Chironomidae – Midges ................................................................................................................................. 12-19-9 Belgica .................................................................................................................................................. 12-19-14 Culicidae – Mosquitoes ................................................................................................................................ 12-19-15 Simuliidae – Blackflies
    [Show full text]