National Radio Astronomy Observatory Observing
NATIONAL RADIO
ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY OBSERVING SUMMARY-1989 STATISTICS February 1990 Cover The Radio Galaxy Fornax A
The cover photograph is a superposition of the VLA radio emission (shown as red) from the radio galaxy Fornax A and the visible light in the vicinity of NGC 1316 (shown as blue-white). The two main radio emitting lobes are produced by relativistic electrons in magnetic fields which have been transported hundreds of thousands of light years outward from the elliptical galaxy NGC 1316 which lies between the two regions. The energy for the relativistic flow apparently was provided by the gravitational capture of small galaxies by NGC 1316. The shock waves and trails of the infallen galaxies produce the features in the radio lobes seen as filaments and rings. The small galaxy near NGC 1316 may soon be captured.
Observation details:
Observers: E. Fomalont (NRAO), R. Ekers (Australia Telescope), K. Ebneter and W. Van Breugel (U. California)
Frequency of 1.384 GHz; five hours of D-configuration and five hours of C-configuration
Resolution of 15"; field of view is 60' x 40' NATIONAL RADIO ASTRONOMY OBSERVATORY
OBSERVING SUMMARY
1989 STATISTICS
FEBRUARY 1990 SOME HIGHLIGHTS OF THE 1989 RESEARCH PROGRAM
A second Einstein Ring has been identified from new A-configuration VLA observations of MG1652+138, the second candidate for an Einstein ring gravitational lens system to be selected from the MIT-Green Bank 5 GHz survey. Optical images and spectra established the redshift of a faint blue quasar between the two radio sources, while the VLA results have both detected the quasar core at its optical location and improved the ring image quality. The Einstein ring is thought to be the gravitationally lensed image of one of the quasar's radio lobes by an intervening galaxy.
The VLA successfully observed a radar bounce from Saturn's largest satellite, Titan. The 8.6 GHz signals were transmitted from the 70-meter DSN Goldstone antenna and received 2.5 hours later at the VLA. The radar echo from Titan- is the weakest such echo ever measured. Differences in surface reflectivity from day to data indicate a highly variable surface on Titan, while the low reflectivity could indicate the presence of a deep ethane ocean.
HI observations made with the Areclbo and 140-ft telescopes of the unique galaxy Mai in 1 have shown it to contain an enormous HI disk, of diameter greater than 240 kpc, and mass in excess of 1011 solar masses, making it the largest HI mass of any known galaxy. The low optical surface brightness indicates that Malin 1 has extremely inefficient star formation. It appears to be an unevolvlng disk galaxy whose surface mass density is so low that the chemical composition and mass fraction in gas change very slowly over Hubble times.
Interstellar C^D has been detected at 17.6 GHz at the 140-ft, with signal strengths of only a few milli-kelvin, representing a considerable technical feat. Deuterated species are important diagnostics of interstellar ion-molecule chemistry. The observed C4D/C4H abundance ratio is consistent with model predictions, and confirms the expectation that the ratio decreases as the number of carbon atoms in the molecule increases. However, C4D/C4H is only about 5 percent of the C3HD/C3H2 ratio, indicating a problem in the current understanding of the ring species €3^. CO has been detected by the 12-meter telescope in the nearby Sc galaxy M33. Although HI has been long known in M33, previous studies suggested that the molecular gas content was low. A map of the CO emission reveals several large, unbound, molecular clouds, and a relative content of molecular to atomic gas comparable with that in our own galaxy. However, the total mass of M33 is considerably less than the Milky Way, which accounts for the weak CO emission and the difficulty of the long search.
In 1989 September the VLA was used in support of the launch of the Normal Incidence X-ray Telescope (NIXT), which provides X-ray images of the sun's corona at one arcsecond resolution. The VLA discovered a powerful flare near the center of the sun's disk, with up to 100 percent circular polarization, and a maximum brightness temperature in excess of 1010 K. These properties are indicative of coherent emission processes (cyclotron maser or plasma radiation). The VLA has performed the first direct image of such a coherent microwave source. Together with the NIXT, Solar Maximum Mission satellite, and ground-based optical observations, the coherent emission mechanism may be identified with a high degree of confidence. Observing Hours
1977 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 Calendar Year
300-Foot MO-Foot iH 12Meter ("31 Interferometer I \VLA
Fig. 1. This figure shows the hours scheduled for observing on each telescope during the last decade. Distribution of Scheduled Observing Time
12-Meter 140-Foot VLA
o o o
o3
1980 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 1980 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 1981 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 Calendar Year Calendar Year Calendar Year
NRAO Staff | Visitors m Testing and Calibration
Fig. 2. These graphs show the number of hours scheduled for calibration and for observing by the NRAO staff and by visitors on each telescope system during the last decade. 12-Meter Radio Telescope Summary
1980 I98l 1982 1983 I984 1985 1986 I987 I988 1989 Calendar Year
•Observing Installation, Maintenance and Calibration Equipment Failure, Weather and Interference
Fig. 3. This summary for each quarter of the calendar year shows the percentage of time the telescope was scheduled for observing; for routine calibration, maintenance, and Installation of new experiments; and the percentage of time lost due to equipment failure, bad weather, and radio interference. The telescope is removed from service for a period of 4-6 weeks each summer during the wet season. This period is used for maintenance and upgrading of the Instrument. During the last half of 1982 and most of 1983 the telescope was out of service for the replacement of the reflecting surface and its backup structure. 140-Foot Radio Telescope Summary 100 ■ I - /~ -s - ^\ /"■ ^ s^ ^ ^' y s^ \ ^N y /s •s LV A /"" / 80 > vN^ V i IV X> s V.- /* V V "^^ y f V / V • / N 60 •\ i vyV ' V - 40 A A - " / ! \ A 20 ^ ^7 \ r/s > \ y V V s - 5k- -< 4 ^ . ^ .-. 4 '•»••■ x^. ^-. s 0 \- '"1 -i —J ^1 -mm* 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 Calendar Year
Observing Installation, Maintenance and Calibration Equipment Failure, Weather and Interference
Fig. 4. This summary for each quarter of the calendar year shows the percentage of time the telescope was scheduled for observing; for routine calibration, maintenance, and installation of new experiments; and the percentage of time lost due to equipment failure, bad weather, and radio interference. Major improvements to the telescope system include: 1980 - installation of the Model IV autocorrelation receiver; 1982 - beam efficiency and pointing tests at 1.3 cm; 1983 - brake overhaul and installation of the second channel of the upconverter/maser receiver; 1987 - holographic surface tests and panel readjustments. Very Large Array Telescope Summary 100 - - 80 '**" 1 ^ \ ^S — — ^^ -^ — s ^ ^s ^ ^. - /^ »sX *- " - V /" ^ 60 / *s a> o r "^> f - 40 tr ^ st V A v. S r* ^ - v_ — — —■ ^ _ —^ ^- ^_ r N , / ^s X\ 20 , - ** s« _ * ^N "^ \ s 'x_ .-. >*^. .-. — v^ ^^« • —. •« . —- —- ..»- .-« ■ ._. .— ... .__. . .— -> ._. .-• »^- '- —.. 0 V
Calendar Year Construction Observing Testing, Maintenance and Calibration Downtime
Fig. 5. This summary for each quarter of the calendar year shows the percentage of time the telescope was scheduled for observing; for routine system testing, maintenance, and calibration; and the percentage of time lost due to hardware or software failure, power failure, or bad weather. Time scheduled for completion of the construction was reduced to zero after the first quarter of 1981. Full-Time Permanent Employees 500
1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Calendar Year
Fig. 6. This figure shows the total number of NRAO full-time, permanent employees at the end of each year, projected into the future. Number of People Observing with NRAO Telescopes 1000 I J 950 $8® Visitors and Students ~ - 900 V/A Research Associates - ■1 Permanent Staff 850 est. - - f^H Number of Institutiom t 1 - 800 i^< _, 1 M 750 H^ XW S^: em ^ 1 ^ 1 - 700 mi -m-— £$ — 1 ^ 1 650 I888E i m — M — -1- :•&# m ffl 1 : : : : $ S« : : : : : $S •ip ^ ■ 600 ili m M j^ ^ : ■x-x 1 m :W: m m ^ II . iW: 4fe$ i^ M w550 m m m m - m m 1 ^ X*5S £500 i i W i m ^ ii - m Z x-i'i* 81 450 ii 1 m 1 i m - M ■%•■•' m 400 1 M P •^•: ^ _ : : : : ;:;.;•:•; •:W: « •x-x : : : : , •:•:?: m II M XWl*v. 350 X'X? m ^i -§- :•!•:•:•: e.:.;:si -I- S::§ S$s — : : : 1 1 — — m ■ .-•-.-.-. ■■ 1 "" ■" .••••*.•. "■ " !•'•■•'• ■'" I ■ ■ ■X'X* '" " 300 V.V.' • *•"•*. .••••••", "••••X I•:•»: m : : x " : :•;•£ ;•;•>>; x-x - ■ m :•:•?>: M $•& S$S ^ : jsS $8$. — m m —#$:—m m M :5¥: : 250 •:■:•;•■. Mi — M — M': : : m m m ; : : : ; sn -»- :?:•:: « ^ X'X' •Xv! :«•:■ ~w- vXv ::«• :¥:% ■x^x :?& ft?: :%¥ ': : :": && : : :: — 200 '.•'.''.•'.'_ """ 'X^v :-::xj ■ $•§■! """ - M ^ '.•'.''.•'.• M M~ -m- — SS — -»- I^S pr •Xvl" Ii- 150 M ^ M. ^ ■* ivi'i*" M F %•;•! •.v.v !_PF 100 - ill •:•;•:■:' !? — iirSii: - 4 ^5" T~ 1 :| n n :?:§ * >ivi — !&&■.¥ .• — ^ ■ =? 50 ' — — — ■ ; ~M' : 5*^* "I". —;.:J.:J ■ _l|. _ 22. 7$ M tf i ' 0' i 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Calendar Year Fig. 7. This bar chart shows for each calendar year the number of NRAO permanent research staff and the number of research associates who use the telescopes. In addition, it shows the total number of visitor-users of NRAO telescopes and the number of institutions from which the NRAO visitors come. The significant jump in these last two categories starting in 1981 reflects the increased use of the VLA. DISTRIBUTION OF TELESCOPE TIME BY PERCENT
12-m 140-ft VLA 1989 Summary
Visitors 49X 63Z 57X 56Z
Students 9X 10X 6X 8X
Permanent Staff 9X 11X 8X 9X
Research Associates OX <1.0X 21 IX
Test and Calibration 29X 6X 15X 16X
Maintenance and Installation 4X 7X 11X 8X
Holidays and Unscheduled IX 3X IX 2X
10 DISTRIBUTION OF SCHEDULED OBSERVING PROGRAMS IN VARIOUS RESEARCH AREAS, BY PERCENT
12-m 140-ft VLA Overall
1. SOLAR SYSTEM --
Sun, Planet, Satellites, and Comets 21 21 6% 5X
II. STELLAR --
Pulsars, X-ray Sources, Planetary Nebulae, 7X 15X 27X 21X Circumstellar Shells, Supernova Remnants, Masers, Novae, Supemovae, and Stars
III. GALACTIC
Galactic Structure, Center, Molecular SOX 30X 23X 28X Clouds, HII Regions, Star Formation, Molecules, and Interstellar Medium
VI. EXTRAGALACTIC
Normal and Active Galaxies, Radio Galaxies, 41X 53X 44X 46X Clusters, Quasars, VLBA Studies, Extra- galactic Molecules, and Cosmology
11 INSTITUTIONS FROM WHICH VISITORS CAME TO USE NRAO TELESCOPES DURING 1989
TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
1. Anglo Australian Observatory - UKSTU (Schmidt) x x 2. Air & Space Museum x 3. Alabama, University of x 4. Amsterdam, University of - Astronomy Institute x 5. Applied Research Corporation x
6. Arcetri Astrophysical Observatory (Italy) x x 7. Arizona, University of - Steward Obs., L & P Laboratory x x x 8. Arizona State University x x x 9. Armagh Observatory (Ireland) x 10. AURA, Inc. x
11. Barcelona, University of (Spain) x 12. Beijing Astronomical Observatory (P. R. of China) x x x 13. Bell Laboratories (New Jersey) x x 14. Bologna, University of (Italy) x x 15. Bonn University (FRG) x
16. Boston University x x x 17. Brandeis University x x 18. Brazilian Space Agency - INPE x 19. Bristol - Cantock Close (UK) x 20. British Columbia, University of (Canada) x
12 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
21. Bureau de Longitudes (Paris) x x 22. Calgary, University of (Canada) x 23. California, University of, Davis x 24. California, University of, Berkeley - Hat Creek Obs. x x x 25. California, University of, Los Angeles x x x
26. California, University of, Santa Barbara x x 27. Caltech - OVRA, Mt. Palomar x x x 28. Cambridge University - Cavendish, Mallard, I0A x 29. Carleton College x 30. Catania University (Italy) x
31. Center for Astrophysics (Harvard + SAO) x x x 32. CNRS, France (CEN, Saclay) x 33. CNPq - Observatorio Nacional (Brazil) x 34. Chalmers - Onsala Space Observatory (Sweden) x x x 35. Chicago, University of - Yerkes Observatory x x x
36. CSIR (Johannesburg, South Africa) x x 37. Colgate University x 38. Cologne, University of x 39. Colorado, University of - JILA (Boulder) x x 40. Columbia University x
13 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
41. Copernicus University - Torun Observatory (Poland) x x 42. Cornell University x x 43. CSIRO (Australia) x 44. Dartmouth College x 45. DAO (Dominion Astrophysical Observatory) x
46. DRAO (Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory) x 47. Delaware, University of x 48. DTM - Carnegie Institute x 49. ESA/EXOSAT (European Space Agency, Spain) x x 50. ESO (European Southern Observatory - FRG, Chile) x
51. ESTEC (Netherlands) x 52. Florida, University of x 53. Giessen University (FRG) x 54. Gifu Institute x 55. Groningen, University of - Kapteyn Laboratory x x
56. Hamburger Sternwarte (FRG) x 57. Hanscom Air Force Base x 58. Haverford College x 59. Hawaii, University of - Institute of Astronomy x 60. Haystack Observatory - NEROC x x x
14 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
61. Heidelberg Observatory x 62. Hofstra University x x 63. IAR, Buenos Aires (Argentina) x 64. Illinois, University of - Vermillion River Observatory x x 65. Imperial College (London) x
66. Indiana, University of x 67. Institute of Astrophysics (Granada) x x 68. Institute of A & A, Andalucia x 69. Interferometrics, Inc. x x 70. Institute Space & Aeronautical Sciences (Japan) x
71. Institute School Advanced Studies (Trieste) x 72. Iowa, University of x x 73. Iowa State University x 74. IRAM (France, Spain) x x 75. Itapetinga Observatory (Brazil) x
76. Johns Hopkins University x x 77. JPL - Goldstone x x x 78. Kentucky, University of x x 79. Lafayette College x 80. LaPlata Jr. High (New Mexico) x
15 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
81. Laguna, University of (Spain) x 82. Leiden, University of - Huygens Labs x x x 83. Liege, University of (Belgium) x 84. Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory (1ANL) x 85. Lowell Observatory x x
86. Maine, University of x 87. Manchester, University of - Jodrell, Nuffield x x 88. Marseille Observatory x 89. Maryland, University of - Clark Lake Observatory x x x 90. Massachusetts, University of - Five College Observatory x x x
91. Meudon Observatory x 92. Mexico, University of - Institute of Astronomy (UNAM) x 93. Michigan, University of x x 94. Middlebury College x 95. Millipore Corporation x
96. Minnesota, University of x 97. Missouri, University of (at St. Louis) x 98. MIT - Lincoln Laboratories x x x 99. Molecular Research Institute (California) x 100. Monash University (Australia) x
16 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
101. Montreal, University of x 102. MPI (Heidelburg, FRG) x 103. MPIPA (Munich, FRG) x 104. MPIR (Bonn, FRG) x x x 105. MPIfEP, Garching (FRG) x x
106. Mt. Stromlo Observatory (Australia) x x 107. Mt. Wilson & Las Campanas - Carnegie x 108. NAIC - Arecibo Observatory x x 109. National Astronomical Observatory (Japan) x 110. Nagoya University (Japan) x x
111. Nanjing, University of (China) x x 112. NASA, Ames x x 113. NASA/GSFC - Goddard x x x 114. NFRA (Netherlands Foundation for Radio Astronomy) x x 115. NMIMT (New Mexico Institute of Mining Technology) x x x
116. New Mexico, University of x 117. New Mexico State University x 118. New York University x x 119. Nobeyama Observatory (Japan) x 120. Nigeria, University of x x
17 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
121. North Carolina State University x 122. Northwestern University x x 123. NRC - Algonquin, Herzberg x x x 124. NRL (Naval Research Laboratories) x x x 125. Oklahoma, University of x
126. Oxford University (United Kingdom) x 127. Padova Observatory (Italy) x 128. Paris Observatory x 129. Peking Observatory x 130. Penn State University x x
131. Pennsylvania, University of x 132. Pittsburgh, University of • Allegheny Observatory x x 133. Preston/Lancashire Polytechnic (United Kingdom) x x 134. Princeton University - Institute Advanced Studies x x x 135. Puerto Rico University x
136. Queen Mary College (United Kingdom) x 137. Queens University (Canada) x 138. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute x x 139. Rikkyo University (Japan) x 140. Royal Greenwich Observatory (United Kingdom) x
18 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
141. Royal Observatory - UKIRT (Scotland) x 142. SERC, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (United Kingdom) x 143. Shanghai Observatory x 144. Silver High School (New Mexico) x 145. Simmons College x x
146. Solar Physics Research Corporation x 147. Space Telescope Science Institute x 148. Stanford University - Institute Plasma Research x 149. Stockholm Observatory x 150. SUNY (all campi) x x
151. SFIT - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology x x 152. Sydney, University of (Australia) x 153. Systems & Applied Science Corporation x 154. Tata Institute - TIFR, RAC (India) x x 155. Texas, University of - McDonald Observatory x x
156. Tohoku University (Japan) x 157. Tokyo University - Tokyo Astronomical Observatory x 158. Torino University (Italy) x 159. Toronton, University of - David Dunlap Observatory x x 160. Tufts University x
19 TELESCOPES INSTITUTION 140-FT 12-M VLA
161. Uppsala Astronomical Observatory x 162. USNO - United States Naval Observatory x 163. Utsunomiya University (Japan) x 164. Virginia, University of x x x 165. VPI & SU x x
166. Washington, University of x 167. Waterloo, University of (Canada) x 168. Wisconsin, University of - Washburn Observatory x x 169. Wyoming, University of x 170. Yebes Observatory - CAY (Spain) x
171. York University (Canada) x
Number of Institutions 67 48 148
Number of Visitors 177 85 503 Number of Students 27 15 83 Number of Research Associates 2 0 7 Number of Permanent Staff
Total Observers 218 107 619
All told, 716 visitors, including 112 students, from 171 institutions.
20 NRAO Student Program
1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Calendar Year
Fig. 8. This figure shows for each calendar year the number of Ph.D. students (salaried and non-salaried), co-op students, and summer undergraduate and graduate students who observed or worked at the NRAO during that year. Beginning in 1987 the majority of the undergraduate summer students were funded by a separate NSF Grant for Research Experience for Undergraduates.
21 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET No. 12 MARCH 1990 PAGE 1 OF 4
SYSTEM 3dB PERSON(S) RECOVER APPUCABLE FREQUENCY AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION SMTCHINQ IEMPERA1URE BANDMDTH FEED TYPE POLARIZATION REMARKS IN 1ELESC0PE TYPE VALUE SYSTEM NAME (OH*) (KELVW) (MHz) CHARGE
OICKE SMTCHi REFERENCE OPEN TEMPERATURE 80-88 store OR1HO00NAL DYNAMIC 30 UCAR ADJUSTABLE MHX 300 FROM RAHOC _ WPOLE Xft FEED CHANCES FROM 50-00 MHx TO REMOVABLE 100 TO IQOtOOOK 110-240 MHx OR TO 450-500 MHx IRANSQftOR COE DUAL QUADHYBRO ADJUSTABUE REQUME TWO HOURS. 50-250 MHx AT FEED FOR OR 140 FT CHANNEL 2 TO 2SO0K (OUVER) RK BROADBAND RCP ANDLCP 110-240 FREQUENCY MHx 130 CROSSED MPOIC smncH CAVHY RCP 460-600 FET BACKED FREQUENCY MHx 50-00 80 AND 400-800 MHx AMP M 50-250 MHx Rx AMP LCP SMTCH WPOLE 200-350 200-390 NEW 780-860 FETS MSTAUED M»-YEAR 70 350-410 MHx 460-000 OASrETAMP 00-100 DUAL CAVHY BACKED 350-420 CHAHHEL 00 MHX CROSSED DUAL D0»Ot£S ONE OF THE S0( FEEDS ORTHOGONAL 280-350 MHx 600-750 UNEAA 350-420 MHx 300-1000 COOLED FREQUENCY COE 140 FT SCALAR SK 450-500 MHx MHx RM 750-050 OASFET AMP 30-40 rpOLAWMETER SMTCMNO 000-760 MHx MHX 100 WN (WANK) DUAL or. GR098GD ORRFHYBRD 750-060 MHx OR CHANNEL orous FOR RCP 750-1000 MHx ANDLCP CAN BE USED. TO CHANOE FEEDS REQUIRES 700-1000 TWO HOURS. 750-1000 OASFET AMP SCALAR MHx 50-70 250 WTH DUAL CROSSED CHANNEL M>0t£5 OOOIfD SMQLC FREQUENCY 1.00-1.45 OASFET 450 CRTHOOONAL 4K TO MC SMTCHMO (25 CM) 36-40 BEAM UNEAR DUAL SCALAR CHANNEL NOBE ADtMNQ COE 8/25 CM ORINORCIILAR OTHER FEED CHANOE REQUMED TO SNITCH BANDS 140 FT SRWEBEAM 1.4K Rx COOLED OR 0R1H UNEAR POLARIZATION TAKES TYK) HOURS (SHANK) 4.47-B.Q5 OASFET 80-00 500 DUAL SEAM BENIKALOR OR (•CM) DUAL CR1HQRCULAR CHANNEL OFFSET BEAM SttnCMNO 3HPBW 0RI0EN1ICAL 12.8K UNEAR
22 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET No. 12 MARCH 1990 PAGE 2 OF 4
SYSTEM 3 dB PERSON(S) SMTCHINO RECEIVER APPUCABLE FREQUENCY AMPLF1ER fEMPERATURE BANDWIDTH FEED TYPE POLARIZATION CALIBRATION REMARKS IN VALUE SYSTEM NAME TELESCOPE (GHz) TYPE (KELVIN) (MHz) CHARGE
THREE 2HE FREQUENCY EITHER CIRCULAR OR UNEAR POLARIZATIONS 2K UP TO 120 SNOl* BEAM ORTHOOONAL OR ARE SEIECTABIE. CIRCULAR POLARIZATION NORROD DUAL POLAROAIKM REQUMES ADJUSTMENTS FROM THE CONTROL 1.3-1.0 OHx 140 FT 1.3O-1.80 CHANNEL 10-25 ^^ 1.30-1.36 UNEAR AND Rx COOLED HEMT .SSL 1.30-1.43 OR SWITCHMO ROOM. BAND CHANOE REQUMES 2 TO 3 (CHESTNUT) UMTIED^ 1^0-1.72 L, CIRCULAR OR HOURS. OBSERVATIONS OUTSBC STATED FEED 20QK ZEEMAN 1.30-1.43| NOSE ADO0IO BANDS POSSME AT REDUCED EFnoENOE* CONTINUUM RECEIVER. OH-AX» HORN HAS CIRCULAR 300 K LOAD OR NORROO UNCOOLED RECGV€RS ON BOTH POLARIZATIONS FOUR 11 CM. 110 DSB 3 HORNS 4K POLAWZATION 140 FT Z64-2.7S OASFET 130 (IF 6-55) OR HOURS TO CHANOE POLARIZATION. FIXED 3-FEED Rx 4 CHANNEL UNEAR OR BEAM (CHESTNUT) LO AT 2.000 OHx.
UP TO 250 TWO SHE 2K BAND CHANOE REQUMES FEED CHANOE. IMS DUAL SWOUBEAM ORTHOOONAL CHANNEL AND TAKES 2-3 HOURS. FREQUENCY SMTCMNO 2.0-3.4 38*4 FEED 2.00-3.1 UNEAR COOLED FET 150K REQUMES 50 MS BLANKMO TIME. UMTIED 120-3.4 FREQUENCY BCHRENS 2-6 OHx 140 FT SMTCHMO Rx NOSE ADCHNQ UP TO 200 (CHESTNUT) DUAL ONE 2HE 3K RECEIVER BAND UMTIED BY 4.0-4.0 OHx FEED. 4.6-5.0 CHANNEL 20*5 904CLEBEAM ORCULAR AND FREQUENCY SMTCMNO REQUMES 50 MS FEED COOLED HEMT 4.0-4J 150K BLANKMO JUL UMTIED
7 COOLED BEHRENS CORRUQATED DUAL CONTINUUM USE ONLY. • CM. 140 FT 4.0-5.1 HEMT 36-46 600 HORNS 4K NONE FOURTEEN ORCULAR TOTAL POWER RF OETECIWN. 7-FEED Rx 3HPBW (CHESTNUT) CHANNEL APART
IFWKJUEMCY ^fK. FIXED UNEAR FREQUENCY OR 4.7-7.2 UPCOtraRTER 30-50 00-300 CASSEORAM 3-7K 4.7-4.0 40-50 MASER ORCULAR MB NUTATOR BEAM 4.»-e.5 30-40 0.8-7.2 40-60
UPCONVERTER FMED UNEAR FREQUENCY OR 7.0-8.5 50-00 140 FT 7.0-11.2 35-80 00-300 CASSEORABI 3-7K CASSEORAM MASER ORCULAR MB NUTATOR BEAM 0^-11.2 36-45 BROCKWAY FREQUENCY OR A ANDB UPCONVERTER 50-80 00-300 CASSEORAM FIXED UNEAR 3-7K 12.0-10.2 50-00 12-10.2 MASER NUTATOR BEAM (PUNBRACK) RECEIVERS FMED UNEAR FREQUENCY OR 00-300 CASSEORAM 2-0K 18.2-25.2 40-70 10^-25.2 MASER 40-70 ORCULAR MB NUTATOR BEAM
COOLED FREQUENCY OR 25-36 80-80 600 CASSEORAM FIXED UNEAR 3-7K ONE RECOVfR AVAILABLE LATE 1000 HEMT NUTATOR BEAM
AVAILABLE 6 TO 25 OHx. NUTATMO TRANSmON TIME 80 MUJSECONDS. 5 Hx MAXIMUM BEAM SHFT- FOUR HOURS FOR BAND CHANGE. NUTATOR FREQUENCY. BEAM SHfT DMECIION FMED. 0-18 ARC MM. NOSE ADDMO AVAILABlf. A RFCFIVFRf 77.T IKMnH OF FAST. B RFCFIVFR: 79.8? NORTH OF ¥ff$T.
23 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET No. 12 MARCH 1990 PAGE 3 OF 4
RECEt\€R CONTINUUM 3 dB PERSON(S) AMPUFIER CALIBRATION SWITCHING APPUCABLE FREQUENCY fEMPERATURE SENSmVIIY BANDWDTH FEED TYPE POLARIZATION REMARKS IN VALUE SYSTEM TELESCOPE (OHx) TYPE (KELVIN) [JANSKY V9EE (MHz) CHARGE
200-400 DUAL NUTATMO 70-115 1.0 000 MHx HORN-LENS 10 K LAMB 12 M MOCR SSB UNEAR SUBREFLECTOR OUM. NUTATMO APPRO* 100 TO BE 000 MHX HORtMfNS 10 K LAMB 12 M 00-115 Stt SSB MEASURED UNEAR SUBRPUPCTOB
200-300 NOT DUAL NUTATMO 200-240 SIS 000 MHx HORN-UENS - LAMB 12 M SSB MEASURED UNEAR SUBREFLECTOR DUAL NUTATMO 600-1000 0 000 MHx HORN-LENS LAMB 12 M 200-270 MOCR AT 230 OHx LMEAR - SU0REFU9BT0R COOlfD 1000-2000 NOT DUAL NUTATMO 270-305 000 MHx HORN-tENS LAMB 12 M MOCR SSB HFAffURFP UNEAR SUBREFLECTOR
COOLED 600-700 NOT S0MLE NUTATMO 220-235 000 MHx 0FEEDS MULT1BEAM RECOVER PAYNE 12 M MOCR SSB MEASURED UNEAR SUBREFUSCTCR
24 TECHNICAL DATA SHEET No. 12 MARCH 1990 PAGE 4 OF 4
SYSTEM 3 dB PERSON(S) APPUCABLE FREQUENCY AMPLIFIER CALIBRATION SWITCHING lEMPERATURE BANDWIDTH FEED TYPE POLARIZATION REMARKS IN TELESCOPE (MHx) TYPE VALUE SYSTEM (KELVIN) (MHz) CHARGE 3MHx DUAL NOSE MJECT10N. VIA 300- UNCOOLED PRIME 343 TRANSBTER 150 (UMTIED BY FOCUS ORTHOOONAL 10 0.0 HX UUE NTERFERENCE) ORCULAR 60 PERCENT CYCLE. DUAL NOSE tMECTtON. 1340- COOLED 00 56 vm 1730 FET _ ORTHOOONAL 4 0.0 Hi UUE ORCULAR 00 PERCENT CYCLE. COOLED 4500- PARAMP OR DUAL NOSE MJECTMN. VIA 5000 COOLED 00 56 CASSEORAM ORTHOOONAL 4 0.0 H* UUE PARAMP AND ORCULAR 00 PERCENT CYCLE. FET
0000- COOLED DUAL NOSE MJECTHN. HA 35 66 CASSEORAM 0000 HEMT ORTHOOONAL 4 0.0 Hx UUE ORCULAR SO PERCENT CYCLE.
14400- COOLED DUAL NOSE MJECTMN. HA 110 55 CA99E0RAM 15400 FET ORTHOOONAL 7 0.0 Hx UUE ORCULAR 00 PERCENT CYCLE.
25 NRAO - STAFF AND VISITOR PUBLICATIONS 1989 ADLER, D. S. and LISZT, H. S. "New Detections of CO Emission From Four Spiral Galaxies." Astrophvs. J.. 339. 836-843, 1989.
AKUJOR, C. "Radio Observations of Moderately Compact Steep Spectrum Sources." IAU Svmp.. 134. 537-538, 1989.
ANANTHARAMAIAH, K. R.; CORNWELL, T. J.; and NARAYAN, R. "Synthesis Imaging of Spatially Coherent Objects." In: Svnthesig IfflfiglTty In Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Parley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989). 415-430.
ANANTHARAMAIAH, K. R.; EKERS, R. D.; RAOHAKRISHNAN, V.; CORNWELL, T. J.; and GOSS, V. M. "Noise in Images of Very Bright Sources." In: Svnthesi.g Iffiflglny 1" Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 431-442.
ANANTHARAMAIAH, K. R.; RADHAKRISHNAN, V.; MORRIS, D.; VIVEKANAND, M.; DOWNES, D.; and SHUKRE, C. S. "A Search for Radio Recombination Lines of Positronlum Near the Galactic Center." IAU Svmp.. 136. 607-616, 1989.
ANANTHARAMAIAH, K. R. and YUSEF-ZADEH, F. "A Survey of Radio Recombination Line Emission From the Galactic Center Region." IAU Svmp.. 12£, 159-166, 1989.
ARMSTRONG, J. T.; JACKSON, J. M.; and HO, P. T. P. "H76a Emission From the Sgr A 15 km s*1 Cloud." IAU SVTIP,. 1M. 389-391, 1989.
BAAN, W. A.; HASCHICK, A. D.; and HENKEL, C. "Molecular Outflows in Powerful OH Megamasers." Astrophvs. J.. 2££, 680-689, 1989.
BALLY, J. and YUSEF-ZADEH, F. "A New System of Nonthermal Filaments Near the Galactic Center." AstroDhvs. J.. 114, 173-177, 1989.
BALLY, J.; YUSEF-ZADEH, F.; and MOLLIS, J. M. "A Possible Molecular Counterpart to the G359.54+0.18 Non- Thermal Filaments." IAU Svmp.. 136. 189-193, 1989.
BAND, D. L. and GORDON, M. A. "Millimeter Wavelength Observations of SS 433 and Its Environs." Astrophvs. J.. 1M. 945-951. 1989.
BARNES, P. J.; CRUTCHER, R. M.; BIEGING, J. H.; STOREY, J. W. V.; and WILLNER, S. P. "Orion B (NGC 2024). I. VLA and IR Observations of the H II Region." Astrophvs. J.. 342. 883-907, 1989.
BARSONY, M. "A Close-Up View of the S87 Molecular Outflow." Astrophvs. J.. 345. 268-281, 1989. 26 BARTEL, N.; RUPEN, M. R.; and SHAPIRO, I. I. "VLBI Observations of SN 1986J: Deviations From Spherical Symmetry in Its Radio Brightness Distribution." Astrophvs. J.. 337. L85-L88, 1989.
BARTHEL, P. D.; HOOIMEYER, J. R.; SCHILIZZI, R. T.; MILEY, G. K.; and PREUS, E. * Super luninal Motion in the Giant Quasar 4C 34.47." Astrophvs. J.. 336. 601-605, 1989.
BARVAINIS, R. and ANTONUCCI, R. "Millimeter, Centimeter, and Carbon Monoxide Observations of Radio-Quiet Quasars and Luminous Seyfert 1 Galaxies Detected by IRAS." Astrophvs. J. SUPPI.. 70. 257-270, 1989.
BARVAINIS, R. and DEGUCHI, S. "Single-Dish and Interferometer Measurements of Water-Maser Polarization." Astron. J.. £2. 1089-1098, 1989.
BASSANI, L.; COE, M. J.; MALKAN, M. A.; MANDOLESI, N.; PARTRIDGE, B.; and SPINOGLIO, L. "A New Narrow- Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy: IRAS 1652-1-395." Astrophvs. J.. 344. 726-733, 1989.
BASTIAN, T. "Solar Imaging With a Synthesis Telescope." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989). 395-413.
BAUM, S. A. and HECKMAN, T. "Extended Optical Line Emitting Gas in Powerful Radio Galaxies: Statistical Properties and Physical Conditions." Astrophvs. J.. 336. 681-701, 1989.
BAUM, S. A. and HECKMAN, T. "Extended Optical Line Emitting Gas in Powerful Radio Galaxies: What Is the Radio Emission-Line Connection?" Astrophvs. J.. 336. 702-721, 1989.
BECK, R.; LOISEAU, N.; HUMMEL, E.; BERKHUIJSEN, E. M.; GRAVE, R.; and WIELEBINSKI, R. "High-Resolution Polarization Observations of M31. I. Structure of the Magnetic Field in the Southwestern Arm." Astron. Astrophvs.. 222. 58-68, 1989.
BENSON, P. J. and MYERS, P. C. "A Survey for Dense Cores in Dark Clouds." Astrophvs. J. SUPPI.. 21* 89-108, 1989.
BENZ, A. 0. and GUDEL, M. "VLA Detection of Radio Emission From a Dwarf Nova." Astron. Astrophvs.. 218. 137-140, 1989.
BICAY, M. D.; HEL0U, G.; and CONDON, J. J. "The Infrared to Radio Ratio Within NGC 5236 (M83) and NGC 6946." Astrophvs. J.. 338. L53-L56, 1989.
BICKNELL, G. V.; CARTER, D.; KILLEEN, N. E. B.; and BRUCE, T. E. G. "The Stellar Dynamics of NGC 1399." Astrophvs. J.. 12i, 639-954, 1989.
BIEGING, J. H.; ABBOTT. D. C; and CHURCHWELL, E. B. "A Survey of Radio Emission From Galactic OB Stars." AmPPhVg, J,. Bft. 518-536, 1989. 27 BIEGING, J. H. and COHEN, M. "On the Variability of V410 Tauri." Astron. J.. 22, 1686-1692, 1989.
BIRETTA, J. A.; OWEN, F. N.; and CORNWELL, T. J. "A Search for Motion and Flux Variations in the M87 Jet." Astrophvs. J.. 1££, 128-134, 1989.
BOPP, B. W.; SAAR, S. H.; AMBRUSTER, C.; FELDMAN, P.; DEMPSEY, R.; ALLEN, M.; and BARDEN, S. C. "The Active Chromosphere Binary HD 17433 (VY Arietis)." Astrophvs. J.. Hi, 1059-1072, 1989.
BOUTON, E. and GOMEZ, M. E. "Administration of Libraries at Distant Sites and Remote Telescope Locations." IAU Colloo.. Hft, 190-191, 1989.
BOUTON, E. and STEVENS-RAYBURN, S. "Preprint Databases at NRAO and STScI." IAU Colloo.. Ufi, 113-116, 1989.
BOWERS, P. F.; JOHNSTON, K. J.; and DE VEGT, C. "Envelope Structure and Optical/Radio Positions of Cool Stars." Astrophvs. J.. 340. 479-502, 1989.
BOWERS, P. F. and KNAPP, J. R. "A Study of OH/IR Stars and Planetary Nebula Formation." Astrophvs. J.. 347. 325-337, 1989.
BRAUN, R.; GOSS, W. M.; and LYME, A. G. "Three Fields Containing Young Pulsars: The Observable Lifetime of Supernova Remnants." Astrophvs. J.. 340. 355-361, 1989.
BREGMAN, J. N. and BOISSEAU, J. R. "The Radiative Signature of the Shock Acceleration Process in Active Galactic Nuclei." Astrophvs. J.. 347. 118-126, 1989.
BREGMAN, J. N. and DAVID, L. P. "Alternative Models of Cooling Flows." Astrophvs. J.. 341. 49-53, 1989.
BREGMAN, J. N. and HUFNAGEL, B. R. "Radio and Optical Variability in Blazars." In: BL Lac Objects. Ed. L. Maraschi, T. Maccacaro, and M.-H. Ulrlch. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989), 159-170.
BRIDLE, A. H. "Synthesis Observing Strategies -- A *Hitch-Hiker's Guide'." In: Synthesis Imagine in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 443-476.
BRIDLE, A. H.; FOMALONT, E. B.; BYRD, G. G.; and VALTONEN, M. J. "The Unusual Radio Galaxy 3C 288." Astron. J.. 22, 674-685, 1989.
BRIDLE, A. H. and SCHWAB, F. R. "Wide Field Imaging I: Bandwidth and Time-Average Smearing." In: gvnthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 1989), 247-258.
BRIGGS, F. H. and SACKETT. P. D. "Radio Observations of Saturn as a Probe of Its Atmosphere and Cloud Structure." Icarus. 80. 77-103, 1989. 28 BRIGGS, F. H.; WOLFE, A. M.; LISZT, H. S.; DAVIS, M. M.; and TURNER, K. L. "The Spatial Extent of the z - 2.04 Absorber in the Spectrum of PKS 0458-020." Astrophvs. J.. 341. 650-657, 1989.
BRINKS, E. and KLEIN, U. "H I Observations of H II-Galaxies." Astrophvs. Space Scl.. 156. 183-188, 1989.
BRISSENDEN, R. J. V.; TUOHY, I. R.; BICKNELL, G. V.; REMILLARD, R. A.; and SCHWARTZ, D. A. "A Multi- Wavelength Study of X-ray Selected AGN." IAU Svmp.. 134. 199-200, 1989.
BROWN, L. F.; ROBERTS, D. H.; and WARDLE, J. F. C. "Global Fringe Fitting for Polarization VLBI." AgWW. J,. 22. 1522-1531, 1989.
CAILLAULT, J.-P. "VLA Observations of the X-ray Bright Hyades M Dwarfs." Astron. J.. 22* 163-165, 1989.
CARIGNAN, C. and BEAULIEU, S. "Optical and H I Studies of the * Gas-Rich' Dwarf Irregular Galaxy DD0 154." A?tr9PhYff. J,. M2. 760-770, 1989.
CARILLI, C. L.; DREHER, J. W.; CONNER, S.; and PERLEY, R. A. "Broad- and Narrow-Band Imaging of the Giant Radio Galaxy, Cygnus A." Astron. J.. 2&> 513-523, 1989.
CARILLI, C. L.; DREHER, J. W.; and PERLEY, R. A. "Cygnus A and the Williams Model." In: Hot Soots in Extragalactic Radio Sources. Eds. K. Meisenheimer and H.-J. Roser. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989), 51- 60.
CARILLI, C. L.; VAN G0RK0M, J. H.; and STOCKE, J. T. "Disturbed Neutral Hydrogen in the Galaxy NGC3067 Pointing to the Quasar 3C232." Nature. 338. 134-136, 1989.
CARLSTROM, J. E. and VOGEL, S. N. "Millimeter Continuum Observations of a Massive Protostellar Core in Sagittarius B2." Astrophvs. J.. 337. 408-413, 1989.
CAYATTE, V.; VAN G0RK0M, J.; BALKOWSKI, C; KOTANYI, C.; and GUHATHAKURTA, P. "VLA Observations of 24 Spiral Galaxies in the Virgo Cluster." In: Large Scale Structure and Motions in the Universe. Eds. M. Mezzetti, et al. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1989), 329-330.
CHARL0T, P.; HOUGH, D. H.; and LESTRADE, J.-F. "A Method to Estimate the Motion of Unresolved VLBI Components in Extragalactic Radio Sources. The Case of NRAO 140." Astron. Astrophvs.. 211.- 261-265, 1989.
CHITRE, S. M. and SASLAW, W. C. "Diagnostic Properties of Moving Gravitational Lenses." Nature. 341. 38- 41, 1989.
CHRISTIANSEN, W. A. "3C 332: A Source With an 'Exceptional' Multiple Hot Spot." In: Hot Soots In Extragalactic Radio Sources. Eds. K. Meisenheimer and H.-J. Roser. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989), 67- 68. 29 CHROMEY, F. R.; ELMEGREEN, B. G.; and ElMEGREEN, D. M. "Atomic Hydrogen in the Orion Star-Forming Region." Astron. J.. 211. 2203-2209, 1989.
CLARK, B. G. "Coherence in Radio Astronomy." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 1- 10.
CLARK, B. G. "Viewing the World Through a Computer." Computers Phvs.. 1, (Jul/Aug) 112, 1989.
CONDON, J. J. "The 1.4 Gigahertz Luminosity Function and Its Evolution." Astrophvs. J.. 338. 13-23, 1989.
CONDON, J. J.; BRODERICK, J. J.; and SEIELSTAD, G. A. "A 4.85 GHz Sky Survey. I. Maps Covering 0* < 6 < +75*." Astron. J.. 22. 1064-1073, 1989.
CORDOVA, F. A.; HJELLMING, R. M.; MASON, K. 0.; and MIDDLEDITCH, J. "Soft X-ray Emission From the Radio Pulsar PSR 0656-1-14." Astrophvs. J.. 345. 451-463, 1989.
CORNWELL, T. J. "The Applications of Closure Phase to Astronomical Imaging." Science. 245. 263-269, 1989.
CORNWELL, T. J. "Principles of Imaging Using Arrays." Highlights Astron.. £, 547-548, 1989.
CORNWELL, T. "Wide Field Imaging III: Mosalcing." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 277-286.
CORNWELL, T. J.; ANANTHARAMAIAH, K. R.; and NARAYAN, R. "The Propagation of Coherence in Scattering: An Experiment Using Interplanetary Scintillation." J. Pot. Soc. Am. A. 4, 977-986, 1989.
CORNWELL, T. and BRAUN, R. "Deconvolution." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 167- 183.
CORNWELL, T. and FOMALONT, E. B. "Self-Calibration." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 185-197.
COTTON, W. D. "Polarimetry." In: Very Long Baseline Interferometrv: Techniques and Applications. Eds, M. Fell! and R. E. Spencer. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1989), 275-287.
30 COTTON, W. D. "Special Problems in Imaging." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 233- 246.
COTTON, W. D.; OWEN, F. N.; and MAHONEY, M. J. "Radio and Optical Observations of Optically Weak, Steep Spectrum, Compact Radio Sources." Astrophvs. J.. 338. 37-43, 1989.
COWAN, J. J.; EKERS, R. D.; GOSS, W. M.; SRAMEK, R. A.; ROBERTS, D. A.; and BRANCH, D. "G25.5+0.2: A Very Young Galactic Supernova Remnant." Mon. Not. Rov. Astron. Soc.. 241. 613-623, 1989.
CRANE, P.; HEGYI, D. J.; KUTNER, M. L.; and MANDOLESI, N. "Cosmic Background Radiation Temperature at 2.64 Millimeters." Astrophvs. J.. 346. 136-142, 1989.
CRANE, P.; HEGYI, D. J.; KUTNER, M.; and MANDOLESI, N. "Precise Determination of the Background Radiation Temperature." In: Astronomy. Cosmology, and Fundamental Phvslcs. Eds. M. Caffo, et al. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1989), 413-415.
CRANE, P. C. and NAPIER, P. J. "Sensitivity." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 139- 165.
CURIEL, S.; RODRIGUEZ, L. F.; CANTO, J.; and TORRELLES, J. M. "A Search for Radio Sources Near Double Herblg-Haro Objects." Rev. Mex. Astron. Astrofls.. H. 137-141, 1989.
D'ADDARIO, L. R. "Cross Correlators." In: Svnthesiff Iffilglpg in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 59-82.
DALLACASA, D.; FERETTI, L.; GIOVANNINI, G.; and VENTURI, T. "Multifrequency Observations of the Tailed Radiosource NGC 4869 in the Coma Cluster." Astron. Astrophvs. SUPPI.. 22. 391-400, 1989.
DAVID, L. P. and BREGMAN, J. N. "The Effects of Magnetic Fields on the Growth of Thermal Instabilities in Cooling Flows." Astrophvs. J.. 337. 97-107, 1989.
DAVIS, R. D.; PEDLAR, A.; AXON, D. J.; VILA, B.; HUMMEL, E.; WOLSTENCROFT, R. D.; and VAN DER HULST, T. M. "Activity in the Nuclei of Normal Sbc Galaxies - A Multiwavelength Study." IAU Svmp.. 134. 520-521, 1989.
DE PATER, I. and RICHMOND, M. "Neptune's Microwave Spectrum From 1 mm to 20 cm." Icarus. 80. 1-13. 1989.
DIAMOND, P. "Recent Results in Astronomy III: Interstellar Masers." In: Very Long Baseline Interferometrv Techniques and Applications. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1989), 345-353.
DIAMOND, P. "Spectral Line VLBI." In: Very Long Baseline Interferometrv Techniques and Applications. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1989), 231-259. 31 DIAMOND, P. J. "Very Long Baseline Interferometry II: The Techniques of Spectral Line VLBI." In: Synthesis Imaging in Radio Astronomy. Eds. R. A. Perley, F. R. Schwab, and A. H. Bridle. (San Francisco: Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 1989), 379-393.
DIAMOND, P. J.; GOSS, W. M.; ROMNEY, J. D.; BOOTH, R. S.; KALBERLA, P. M. W.; and MEBOLD, V. "The Structure of the Interstellar Medium at the 25 AU Scale." Astrophvs. J.. 142, 302-306, 1989.
DIAMOND, P. J.; NORRIS, R. P.; BAAN, W. A.; and BOOTH, R. S. "VLBI Observations of the OH Megamaser in IC 4553 (Arp 220)" Astrophvs. J.. 340. L49-L52, 1989.
D1CKEL, J. R.; WILLIAMSON, C. E.; MUFSON, S. L.; and WOOD, C. A. "Resolution of the Filaments in the Supernova Remnant IC 443." Astron. J.. 211, 1363-1367, 1989.
DRAKE, S. A. and LINSKY, J. L. "Radio-Continuum Emission From the Ionized Stellar Winds of Warm Supergiants." Astron. J.. 2ft. 1831-1841, 1989.
DRAKE, S. A.; SIMON, T.; and LINSKY, J. L. "A Survey of the Radio Continuum Emission of RS Canum Venaticorum and Related Active Binary System." Astrophvs. J. SUPPI.. 71. 905-930, 1989.
DURIC, N; GREGORY, P. C.; and TSUTSUMI, T. "Strong Variability of Weak-Core Radio Sources." Nature. 337. 143-145, 1989.
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WOOTTEN, A. and LOREN, R. B. "Sulfur Oxides in the p Ophiuchi Cloud Cores: Symptoms of Star Formation?" In: Thg fhyglgg ftfld ChPflllgtnr Pf InmgtPlUr MplPPVlgr ClPWto. Eds. G. Winnewisser and J. T. Armstrong. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989), 178-181. WROBEL, J. M. "Low-Power Radio Sources in the Nuclei of Nearby E/SO Galaxies: Evidence for Active Nuclei and for Current Star Formation." IAU Svmp.. 134. 522-523, 1989. YUSEF-ZADEH, F. and BALLY, J. "G359.3-0.82: An Unusual Radio Source." IAU Symp. 11&, 197-204, 1989. YUSEF-ZADEH, F.; MORRIS, M.; and EKERS, R. "Multi-Array A2 and 6cm Radio Continuum Observations of Sgr A West." IAV SYMP,. lift. 443-451. 1989. YUSEF-ZADEH, F.; MORRIS, M.; and VAN GORKOM, J. H. "Unusually Wide, High-Velocity Radio Recombination Lines From GO.15-0.05 in the Radio Arc." IAU Svmp.. 136. 275-280, 1989. ZENSUS, J. A. "Superluminal Motion in Quasars and BL Lac Objects." In: BL Lac Objects. Ed. L. Maraschi, T. Maccacaro, and M.-H. Ulrlch. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989), 159-170. ZHAO, J.-H; BURNS, J. 0. and OWEN, F. N. "A 20 cm VLA Survey of Abell Clusters of Galaxies. I. Distance Class £ 3 Clusters." Astron. J.. 2ft. 64-107, 1989. ZHAO, J.-H.; EKERS, R. D.; GOSS, W. M.; L0, K. Y.; and NARAYAN, R. "Long-Term Variations of the Compact Radio Source Sgr A* at the Galactic Center." IAU Svmp.. 136. 535-541, 1989. ZHOU, S.; WU, Y.; EVANS. N. J. II; FULLER. G. A.; and MYERS. P. C. "A CS Survey of Low-Mass Cores and Comparison With NH3 Observations." Astrophvs. J.. 346. 168-179, 1989. ZIJLSTRA, A. A. and POTTASCH, S. R. "Low Mass Planetary Nebulae Near the Galactic Centre." Astron. Astrophvs.. 216. 245-252, 1989. 51 ZIJLSTRA, A. A.; POTTASCH, S. R.; and BIGNELL, C. "A Catalogue of VLA Radio Continuum Observations of Planetary Nebulae with the VLA." Astron. Astrophvs. SUPPI.. 22. 329-357, 1989. ZIJLSTRA, A.; POTTASCH, S. R.; and BIGNELL, C. "A VLA Radio Continuum Survey of Planetary Nebulae." 1AJ2 SYffiP,. 111. 60, 1989. ZIJLSTRA, A.; POTTASCH, S. R.; TE LINTEL, P.; and BIGNELL, C. "OH Maser Emission From Young Planetary Nebulae." IAU Svmp.. 131. 210, 1989. ZIURYS, L. M.; SNELL, R. L.; and DICKMAN, R. L. "Shock Chemistry in the Molecular Clouds Associated With SNR IC 443." Astrophvs. J.. 141, 857-866, 1989. ZUCKERMAN, B. and DYCK, H. M. "Outflow Velocities From Carbon Stars." Astron. Astrophvs.. 201, 119-125, 1989. ZUCKERMAN, B. and MADDALENA, R. J. "Carbon Stars With Oxygen-Rich Circumstellar Envelopes?" Astron. Astrophvs.. 221. L20-L22, 1989. 52 ADDITIONS TO THE 1988 PUBLICATIONS LIST BALDWIN, J. E. "The Redshift Cutoff for Steep-Spectrum Radiogalaxies." In: The Post-Recombination Universe. Eds. N. Kaiser and A. N. Lasenby. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1988) 85-89. BARVAINIS, R.; CLEMENS, D. P.; and LEACH, R. "Polar ime try at 1.3 mm Using MILLIPOL: Preliminary Results for Orion." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 122-123. BASTIAN, T. S. and DULK, G. A. "Variation of the Quiet Sun at 21 cm: 1981-1987." In: Solar and Stellar Coronal Structure unfl PYTlftffilPg Ed. R. Altrock. (Sunspot: National Solar Observatory, 1988) 386-391. BAUDRY, A.; BROUILLET, N.; and COMBES, F. "CO Emission From Messier 81." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer- Verlag, 1988) 403-404. BREGMAN, J. N. "The Radio to X-ray Connection in AGN." In: The Phvslcs of Neutron Stars and Black Holes. Ed. Y. Tanaka. (Tokyo: Universal Academy Press, 1988) 273-283. BUTNER, H.; WOOTTEN. A.; LOREN. R.; KAIFU. N.; SUZUKI, H.; YAMASHITA, T.; and HAYASHI, S. "Temperature Gradients Across the Rho Oph B1/B2 Molecular Core: The Effects of Heating by Low Luninosity Stars on Cloud Cores." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 32-33. CHURCHWELL, E. "Ultracompact H II Regions: Their Morphologies and Spectral Energy Distributions." In: Galactic and Extragalactic Star Formation. Eds. R. E. Pudritz and M. Flch. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1988) 275-290. DE MUIZON, M.; STROM, R. G.; OORT, M. J. A.; CLAAS, J. J.; and BRAUN, R. "G70.7 -l- 1.2: Supernova Remnant?" In: Supernova Shells and Their Birth Events. Ed. W. Kundt. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 124-129. GREEN, D. A. "High Resolution Radio Observations of Gil.2-0.3." In: Supernova Shells and Their Birth Events. Ed. W. Kundt. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 120-123. KOGUT, A.; SHOOT, G. P.; PETUCHOWSKI. S. J.; and BENNETT. C. L. "H2CO Absorption Toward W51." In: Molecular Clouds In the Milky Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman. R. L. Snell. and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 40-41. KOO, B.-C. and HEILES, C. "Extremely High-Velocity CO Flows in Young Stellar Objects." In: Molecular Clouds in the Milkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 269-270. 53 KUNDU, M. R. and NITTA, N. "Coronal Bright Points in Microwaves." In: Solar and Stellar Coronal Structure and Dynamics. Ed. R. Altrock. (Sunspot: National Solar Observatory, 1988) 89-95. LIUESTROM, T. and MATTILA, K. "HI, CO, and HCO+ Observations of the Dark Clouds L1642 and L1551." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 30-31. MANGUM, J. G.; WOOTTEN, A.; LOREN, R. B.; and WADIAK, E. J. "Formaldehyde Emission in Orion-KL." In: Molecular Clouds In the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 263-264. MARGULIS, M.; LADA, C. J.; SOFUE, Y.; NAKAI, N.; and HANDA, T. "Molecular and Atomic Clouds in the A22/D118 Region: Resolved Star Formation Complexes in M31." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 397-398. MOLNAR, L. A. "New Infrared and Radio Results on Cygnus X-3." Adv. Space Res.. £ (2/3), 605-613, 1988. SASLAW, W. C. "Ejection Mechanisms in Galaxies." In: New Ideas in Astronomy. Eds. F. Bertola, J. W. Sulentic, and B. F. Madore. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988) 201-211. SHEVGAONKAR, R. K. and KUNDU, M. R. "Variability of Meter Wavelength Solar Radio Emission." In: SfilftE and Stellar Coronal Structure and Pvnflffllffg Ed. R. Altrock. (Sunspot: National Solar Observatory, 1988) 248-255. SLEE, 0. B.; STEWART, R. T.; NELSON, G. J.; WRIGHT, A. E.; DULK, G. A.; BASTIAN, T. S.; and MCKEAN, M. "Microwave Spectra and Polarization of Active Stars." Astrophvs. Lett, ^pp^,r 27. 247-256, 1988. THUAN, T. X. "A 21-cm Redshift Survey and the Large Scale Distribution of Dwarf Galaxies." In: Dark Matter. Eds. J. Audouze and J. Tran Thanh Van. (Gif-sur-Yvette: Editions Frontieres, 1988) 161-170. TROLAND, T. H.; HEILES, C.; and GOSS, W. M. "Aperture Synthesis Observations of the 21 cm Zeeman Effect Toward Orion A." In: Molecular Clouds In the Milkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag. 1988) 126-127. TURNER. B. E.; BALLY. J.; AMANO. T.; LEE, S.; and FELDMAN, P. A. "New Observational Test of Ion-Molecule Chemistry: HCsNH* and PN." In: Molecular Clouds in the Milkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 172-173. VIALLEFOND, F. "Star Formation in Blue Compact and Irregular Galaxies." In: Galactic and Extragalactic Star Formation. Eds. R. E. Pudritz and M. Fich. (Dordrecht: Kluwer, 1988) 439-458. WEINREB, S.; POSPIESZALSKI, M. W.; and NORROD. R. "Cryogenic. HEMT. Low-Noise Receivers for 1.3 to 43 GHz Range." In: 1988 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest. (New York: IEEE. 1988) 945-948. 54 WIELEBINSKI, R. "Magnetic Fields in Galaxies and the Relation to CO." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer- Verlag, 1988) 363-364. WILLSON, R. F. "Microwave Observations of Solar and Stellar Coronae." In: Solar and Stellar Coronal Structure npfl PYlMfflisg Ed. R. Altrock. (Sunspot: National Solar Observatory, 1988) 54-65. WOOTTEN, A. "The Design of a Millimeter Array." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 458-459. WOOTTEN, A.; MUNDY, L.; and WILKING, B. "The Central 3000 AU of the IRAS16293-2422 Core." In: Molecular Clouds in the Mllkv Wav and External Galaxies. Eds. R. L. Dickman, R. L. Snell, and J. S. Young. (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1988) 267-268. 55