THE CONSTITUTION of LESOTHO ARRANGEMENT of SECTIONS CHAPTER I the KINGDOM and ITS CONSTITUTION Section 1
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Likoti, Injodemar 3
International Journal of Development and Management Review (INJODEMAR) Vol. 3 No. 1 May, 2008 215 THE CHALLENGES OF PARLIAMENTARY DEMOCRACY IN LESOTHO: 1993-2007 LIKOTI, FAKO JOHNSON Department of Politics and Administrative Studies National University of Lesotho [email protected] Abstract Lesotho got its independence from Britain in 1960. The country experienced a coup in January 1970 while it was still fresh from colonial rule. During this period, the country's political parties were fragile and parliamentarians (MPs) were yet to acclimatise themselves with their parliamentary responsibilities. From 1970-1992, the country did not have a democratically elected parliament. It was not until early 1993 that the dawn of democracy came to Lesotho. This meant that MPs were still inexperienced and the National parliament appeared to have been confronted with myriads of challenges. This paper argues that these challenges have not only undermined the parliament but have also impacted negatively on the legitimacy and accountability of parliament. It further opines that parliamentarians in any democracy are held in high regard by the electorate and have to conduct themselves with due diligence. As MPs, they are expected to conduct themselves in parliament in a manner befitting their public status. Key Words: Democratisation, Unparliamentary practices, Opposition parties, Legislative power, Lesotho. Introduction Lesotho is a Constitutional democracy. This means that the country subscribes to constitutional rule. The concept of constitutionalism limits the arbitrariness of political power. While the concept recognises the necessity of government, it also insists upon limitations placed upon its powers. In essence, constitutionalism is an antithesis of arbitrary rule. -
Institutional Assessment of the Child Grants Programme and Sustainable
Lesotho Institutional assessment of the Child Grants Programme and Sustainable Poverty Reduction through Income, Nutrition, and Access to Government Services Programme pilot project in Lesotho Institutional assessment of the Child Grants Programme and Sustainable Poverty Reduction through Income, Nutrition and Access to Government Services Programme Programme pilot project in Lesotho Garima Bhalla FAO Consultant and Matseliso Mphale National University of Lesotho Published by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and United Nations Children's Fund Rome, 2021 Required citation: Bhalla, G. and Mphale, M. 2021. Institutional assessment of the Child Grants Programme and Sustainable Poverty Reduction through Income, Nutrition, and Access to Government Services pilot project in Lesotho. Rome, FAO and UNICEF. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4961en The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) or United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO or UNICEF in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO or UNICEF. ISBN 978-92-5-134511-5 [FAO] © FAO and UNICEF, 2021 Some rights reserved. -
Lesotho the Commonwealth Yearbook 2014 the Commonwealth Yearbook the Most Significant Issue Is Overgrazing, Resulting Maseru (Capital, Pop
Lesotho Lesotho KEY FACTS Africa is Thabana–Ntlenyana (3,842 metres) in eastern Lesotho. The land descends to the west to an arable belt, known as the Joined Commonwealth: 1966 lowlands, where the capital is situated and two-thirds of the Population: 2,052,000 (2012) population live. The country is well-watered in a generally dry GDP p.c. growth: 2.8% p.a. 1990–2012 region, the Orange river and its tributary the Caledon both rising in UN HDI 2012: world ranking 158 Lesotho. Official languages: Sesotho, English Climate: The climate is temperate with well-marked seasons. The Time: GMT plus 2hr rainy season (receiving 85 per cent of total precipitation) is October Currency: loti, plural maloti (M) to April, when there are frequent violent thunderstorms. Rainfall averages 746 mm p.a. Temperatures in the lowlands range from Geography 32.2°C to –6.7°C; the range is much greater in the mountains. From May to September, snow falls in the highlands with heavy Area: 30,355 sq km frosts occurring in the lowlands. Coastline: none Capital: Maseru Environment: The most significant issue is overgrazing, resulting The Kingdom of Lesotho is a small landlocked country entirely in severe soil erosion and desertification. surrounded by South Africa. It is known as the ‘Mountain Vegetation: Mainly grassland and bushveld, with forest in ravines Kingdom’, the whole country being over 1,000 metres in altitude. and on the windward slopes of mountains. Forest covers one per The country is divided into ten districts, each named after the cent of the land area and arable land comprises ten per cent. -
Tax Bill Composition
Research Collection Doctoral Thesis Labor Income Taxation in a Globalizing World: 1980-2012 Author(s): Strecker, Nora Publication Date: 2017 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010852381 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library DISS. ETH No. 24020 Labor Income Taxation in a Globalizing World: 1980-2012 A thesis submitted to attain the degree of Doctor of Sciences of ETH Zurich (Dr. sc. ETH Zurich) presented by NORA MARGOT STRECKER Master of Arts in Economics New York University, Graduate School of Arts and Science born on July 29, 1986 citizen of Germany accepted on the recommendation of Professor Peter H. Egger, ETH Zurich, examiner Professor Georg Wamser, University of T¨ubingen,co-examiner 2017 Acknowledgments Words can hardly express the debt of gratitude I owe Professor Peter Egger for giving me the opportunity to work with him and his team at the Chair of Applied Economics: Innovation and Internationalization at ETH Zurich and to complete this dissertation. The research environment at his Chair has produced wonderful interactions, fostered great relationships with my co-authors and colleagues, and greatly advanced both my work and my research. I also gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Swiss National Science Foundation. I also want to thank my thesis committee, Professors Georg Wamser of the University of T¨ubin- gen and Marko K¨othenb¨urgerof ETH Zurich, for taking the time to read and comment on the dissertation presented here. -
Lesotho's Constitution of 1993 with Amendments Through 1998
PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:37 constituteproject.org Lesotho's Constitution of 1993 with Amendments through 1998 This complete constitution has been generated from excerpts of texts from the repository of the Comparative Constitutions Project, and distributed on constituteproject.org. constituteproject.org PDF generated: 26 Aug 2021, 16:37 Table of contents CHAPTER I: THE KINGDOM AND ITS CONSTITUTION . 8 1. The Kingdom and its territory . 8 2. The Constitution . 8 3. Official languages, National Seal, etc. 8 CHAPTER II: PROTECTION OF FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS . 8 4. Fundamental human rights and freedoms . 8 5. Right to life . 9 6. Right to personal liberty . 10 7. Freedom of movement . 11 8. Freedom from inhuman treatment . 13 9. Freedom from slavery and forced labour . 13 10. Freedom from arbitrary search or entry . 14 11. Right to respect for private and family life . 14 12. Right to fair trial, etc. 15 13. Freedom of conscience . 17 14. Freedom of expression . 18 15. Freedom of peaceful assembly . 18 16. Freedom of association . 19 17. Freedom from arbitrary seizure of property . 19 18. Freedom from discrimination . 21 19. Right to equality before the law and the equal protection of the law . 23 20. Right to participate in government . 23 21. Derogation from fundamental human rights and freedoms . 23 22. Enforcement of protective provisions . 24 23. Declaration of emergency . 25 24. Interpretation and savings . 25 CHAPTER III: PRINCIPLES OF STATE POLICY . 26 25. Application of the principles of State policy . 26 26. Equality and justice . 26 27. Protection of health . 27 28. Provision for education . -
Lesotho Parliamentary Elections
Report of the Commonwealth Observer Group LESOTHO PARLIAMENTARY ELECTIONS 26 May 2012 COMMONWEALTH SECRETARIAT Map of Lesotho Source: Economist Intelligence Unit i Commonwealth Observer Group Lesotho Parliamentary Elections 26 May 2012 Table of Contents Chapter 1 .......................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 1 Terms of Reference .............................................................................. 1 Activities .............................................................................................. 1 Chapter 2 .......................................................................................... 3 POLITICAL BACKGROUND .............................................................. 3 The Mixed Member Proportional System (MMP) ...................................... 3 Mediation efforts .................................................................................. 5 Formation of the Democratic Congress (DC) ........................................... 7 CHAPTER 3 ....................................................................................... 8 THE ELECTORAL FRAMEWORK AND ADMINISTRATION ................. 8 The Constitution ................................................................................... 8 The National Assembly Electoral Act (2011) ........................................... 8 The Electoral System ........................................................................... -
A Critique of Proceduralism in the Adjudication of Electoral Disputes in Lesotho
VOLUME 17 NO 2 DOI: 10.20940/JAE/2018/v17i2aDOI: 10.20940/JAE/2018/v17i2a1 1 1 A CRITIQUE OF PROCEDURALISM IN THE ADJUDICATION OF ELECTORAL DISPUTES IN LESOTHO Hoolo ‘Nyane Hoolo ‘Nyane is Associate Professor and Head of Public and Environmental Law, School of Law, University of Limpopo ABSTRACT One of the characteristic features of electoral democracy in Lesotho is dis- puted elections. Since 1993, when the country returned to constitutional democracy after a long haul of dictatorship and monarcho-military rule, every election has been subjected to one form of discontent or another. The aggrieved parties use various ways to vent their dissatisfactions, and more often than not, disputes end up in the courts of law. The courts are then called on to determine the validity or otherwise of the election results de- clared by the election management body. All seven elections since 1993 have been challenged in the courts of law. Despite this determination by political players in Lesotho to resolve electoral disputes through the courts of law, amongst other means, there is no court in Lesotho that has over- turned an election result or ordered the reallocation of seats since 1993. The petitions are almost invariably dismissed on procedural grounds or on the basis of misapplication of the substantial effect doctrine. This approach to the adjudication of disputes in Lesotho has not only jeopardised substan- tive electoral justice in the country but has also arguably perpetuated the electoral violence that has been one of the characteristic features of electoral politics in Lesotho. The purpose of this article, therefore, is to critique this approach. -
Parliament and Democratization in Lesotho
PARLIAMENT AND DEMOCRATISATION IN LESOTHO 167 PART III POLITICAL CULTURE, CITIZEN PARTICIPATION AND DEMOCRATIC DEVELOPMENT 167 168 THE STATE, DEMOCRACY AND POVERTY ERADICATION IN AFRICA PARLIAMENT AND DEMOCRATISATION IN LESOTHO 169 CHAPTER 9 PARLIAMENT AND DEMOCRATISATION IN LESOTHO Victor Shale INTRODUCTION While there has been significant progress on Africa’s democratisation process to date, it has to be equally acknowledged that the progress remains largely limited to the holding of regular elections and improvements in civil and political liberties. Put differently, the African continent has without doubt succeeded to inculcate electoral good practices in recent years but has underachieved in ensuring that the performance of the representatives and institutions born out of the electoral process match this achievement in terms of empowering them to carry out their mandate. Thus, as Matlosa (2007a:57) rightly observes, extending the gains beyond electioneering to the pressing issues of good governance and accountability still remains a gap in most African countries. It is no exaggeration to say that one of the most critical pillars of representative democracy – parliament – has been neglected to a certain extent in terms of capacity building of the requisite skills necessary for both the institution and the members of parliament (MPs) to deal with their day-to-day endeavours effectively. Although parliaments today are (and without contradicting oneself) arguably more democratically constituted and in most cases better equipped with constitutional powers than before, we cannot be content that this is in itself the end product. The desired outcome should be their ability to translate those powers into action in a quest to ensure democratic governance. -
(Wales Branch) Lesotho Link 29 September – 6 October 2007
Report of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (Wales Branch) Lesotho Link 29 September – 6 October 2007 The Orange River which has its source in Lesotho and emerges in the Atlantic as the border between Namibia and South Africa. 1 Report of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (Wales Branch) Visit to Lesotho 29 September – 6 October Contents Page Acknowledgements ……………………………………………… .. 3 Summary of Recommendations ………………………………….. 4 Background to the Visit ……………………………………………. 5 The Committee Skills Seminar …………………………………… 7 Visit to Molapo High School, Leribe …………………………….. 12 Meeting with the Irish Ambassador HE Peter Fay …………….. 14 Meeting with Harper Brown, Country Director Sentebale …… 15 CPA Wales Branch Reception ………………………………. …. 16 Visit to Red Cross HIV/AIDS Project, Quthing …………………. 19 Annexes: Annex 1 - Visit Programme A view over Quthing. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA) Wales Branch would like to thank: • The Hon l Makhaola and The Hon Nlthoi Motsamai Branch Joint Presidents of the Parliament of Lesotho Branch of the CPA for their warm hospitality and their co-operation in making the visit possible; • Ms. L Ramohlanka the Clerk to the Lesotho National Assembly for her support in co- ordinating the clerking skills seminar; • Mr. Dyfan Jones of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Parliamentary Support Team to the Lesotho Parliament for his assistance in co-ordinating and delivering the clerking skills seminar; • The Dolen Cymru Lesotho (Wales Lesotho Link) for their assistance in co-ordinating study visits to Molapo High School and Quthing. The rondavels are still a commonly used form of housing. 3 SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS 1. The CPA Wales Branch Executive Committee endorses the following recommendations: • That the suggestions and questions arising from the seminar are submitted for consideration by the Speaker of the Lesotho National Assembly (Page 9). -
Lesotho Country Report BTI 2018
BTI 2018 Country Report Lesotho This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2018. It covers the period from February 1, 2015 to January 31, 2017. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of political management in 129 countries. More on the BTI at http://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2018 Country Report — Lesotho. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2018. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Contact Bertelsmann Stiftung Carl-Bertelsmann-Strasse 256 33111 Gütersloh Germany Sabine Donner Phone +49 5241 81 81501 [email protected] Hauke Hartmann Phone +49 5241 81 81389 [email protected] Robert Schwarz Phone +49 5241 81 81402 [email protected] Sabine Steinkamp Phone +49 5241 81 81507 [email protected] BTI 2018 | Lesotho 3 Key Indicators Population M 2.2 HDI 0.497 GDP p.c., PPP $ 3029 Pop. growth1 % p.a. 1.3 HDI rank of 188 160 Gini Index 54.2 Life expectancy years 53.6 UN Education Index 0.528 Poverty3 % 78.0 Urban population % 27.8 Gender inequality2 0.549 Aid per capita $ 38.2 Sources (as of October 2017): The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2017 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2016. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $3.20 a day at 2011 international prices. Executive Summary Lesotho has been shaken by a series of destabilizing events during the period under review (2015- 2017). -
Scale-Up Assessment for the Mphatlalatsane Project—“Early Morning Star”—In Lesotho
MEASURE Evaluation August 2019 Scale-Up Assessment for the Mphatlalatsane Project—“Early Morning Star”—in Lesotho Introduction quickly and more effectively1), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) asked its funded The HIV epidemic has a profound effect on children project—MEASURE Evaluation—to assess the scalability in sub-Saharan Africa, where more than 15.1 million of the ECD-integrated intervention in each country. children have lost one or both parents. In 2014, as part of its orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) programming, This document outlines intervention and assessment the United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS results in Lesotho. The Mphatlalatsane project, or “Early Relief (PEPFAR) announced a special initiative for Morning Star,” was implemented by Management Sciences children under five years old affected by the epidemic. for Health (MSH), in partnership with Stellenbosch University, University College London, and Oxford The initiative funded interventions and research in southern University. The aim was to increase HIV testing and Africa (Lesotho, Eswatini [formerly Swaziland], and treatment while improving early childhood development Zimbabwe) to generate data on successful approaches that outcomes in the mountainous Mokhotlong District. The result in improved health, to establish evidence to improve project was implemented through existing early childhood and inform programming, and to determine the potential for 1 program scale-up. Adamou B, et. al. (2014). Guide for Monitoring Scale-up of Health Practices and Interventions. Chapel Hill, NC, USA: MEASURE Evaluation, University of North Carolina. Retrieved from https:// The programs integrated OVC programming with pediatric www.measureevaluation.org/prh/resources/guide-for-monitoring- treatment and prevention of mother-to-child transmission scale-up-of-health-practices-and-interventions (PMTCT) of HIV. -
Doing Business in Lesotho: 2014 Country Commercial Guide for U.S. Companies
Doing Business in Lesotho: 2014 Country Commercial Guide for U.S. Companies INTERNATIONAL COPYRIGHT, U.S. & FOREIGN COMMERCIAL SERVICE AND U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE, 2014. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED OUTSIDE OF THE UNITED STATES. Chapter 1: Doing Business In Lesotho Chapter 2: Political and Economic Environment Chapter 3: Selling U.S. Products and Services Chapter 4: Leading Sectors for U.S. Export and Investment Chapter 5: Trade Regulations, Customs and Standards Chapter 6: Investment Climate Chapter 7: Trade and Project Financing Chapter 8: Business Travel Chapter 9: Contacts, Market Research and Trade Events Chapter 10: Guide to Our Services Return to table of contents Chapter 1: Doing Business in Lesotho Market Overview Market Challenges Market Opportunities Market Entry Strategy Market Overview Return to top Lesotho, with a population of 1.88 million, is geographically surrounded by and economically integrated with South Africa, from which it receives approximately 80 percent of its imports for final consumption. Lesotho held free, fair, and transparent general elections in May 2012, in which a three party coalition government, the first in Lesotho’s history, ousted the ruling party. The election marked Lesotho’s first democratic and peaceful transition of power between political parties since its independence. In response, Freedom House raised Lesotho’s political rights rating from “partially free” to “free” in its 2013 Freedom in the World Report, and Fitch upgraded its sovereign credit outlook for Lesotho to stable, citing ongoing improvements in public finance management and structural reforms. In 2014, Lesotho moved up 3 places from 139 to 136 in the World Bank’s Doing Business Report.