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Download Full Article 4.5MB .Pdf File https://doi.org/10.24199/j.mmv.1985.46.03 20 July 1985 TREMADOC TR1LOBITES OF THE DIGGER ISLAND FORMATION, WARATAH BAY, VICTORIA By P. A. Jell Museum of Victoria, 285-321 Russell Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000 Abstract Trilobites of the Digger Island Formation at Digger Island, 1 .5 km south of Walkerville on Waratah equivalent to the Bay . South Gippsland are described and assigned an early Tremadoc age approximately Kaineila meridionalis zone of Argentina. It is impossible to correlate directly with any known Australian and sequence but indirectly it is considered older than La 1 .5 zone of the Victorian graptolite sequence ap- proximately contemporaneous with the Oneolodus bkuspaius-Drepanodus simplex zone of western Queensland. Four new genera, Natmus (Hystricuridae), Barachyhipposiderus (Harpedidae), and Landyia and lictorispina (Pilekiidae) are erected with eleven new species, N. viclns, N. tuberus, B. logimus, L. elizabelhae, V. holmesorum, Neougnosms eckurdti, Onychopyge parkerae, Pseudokainellu diggerensis, Austraioharpes singleioni, A. expansus, and Proioplionwrops lindneri. New taxa left in open nomenclature are referred 10 Pilekia. Tessalacauda, and the Hystricuridae. The Argentinian species Micragnosius hoeki (Kobayashi, 1939), Slmmardia erquemis Kobayashi, 1937, and Leiostegium douglasi Harrington, 1937 are identified, Introduction from samples taken some distance along strike trilobite locality; they come from near Digger Island is a small stack approximately from the Lindner fig. 3) (D. J. Ken- 75 m in diameter, isolated from ihe mainland locality 2 of (1953, using above half-tide, and situated approximately nedy pets, coram.). Webby et al. (1981) Leiostegium made a direct correla- 1.5 km south of Walkerville on the western Kaineila and Kainella-Leiostegium zone shore of Waratah Bay, South Gippsland; it lion between the of Ross (1951) and Hintze consists of brown, largely decalcified mud- (i.e. trilobite zone D America) and the Digger Island stones containing a rich faunule of trilobites, (1953) in North also made an indirect brachiopods, gastropods, hyolithids, and Formation fauna; they between this North American zone isolated cystoid plates. The ftrsi detailed ac- correlation 1.5 zone of Psigraptus of Cooper count of the geology of this coastline (Lindner, and the LA Stewart (1979). At the same time, however, 1953), to which readers are referred for details and showed the Australian trilobiie fauna of of locality and geological setting, contained a they P. the prc-Lancefieldian Datsonian stage as list of trilobiie identifications by O. Leioslegiid/Kainellid/Ceratopygid (Ony- Singleton with nine specific and two generic early chopyge) whereas the Warrendian (contem- nomina nuclei. He assigned the faunule an Lancefieldian), had only a Tremadoc age on the basis of identifications of porary of the component mentioned. If the Leiostegium and Kaineila. Leiostegiid of leiostegiid with kainellid is so im- Singleton (1967) divided ihe formation infor- association of portant then the text and chart of Webby et al. mally into three parts; 1, a lower portion seem incongruous. massive recrystallised grey limestone without (1981) brown Jones et al. (1971, p. 23) suggested a late fossils except for a single nautiloid; 2, and Tremadoc to early Arenig age for the Digger decalcified mudstone with the trilobites Island Formation. associates; and 3, upper shales and muddy None of the attempts to date the trilobite limestones with orthoid brachiopods. On this generic faunule has been based on detailed taxonomic occasion he listed only six trilobites at of the study as evidenced by Ihe description herein of level and reiterated the Tremadoc age 18 separate taxa; all were collected in beds. mudstone in the middle of the Dig- Kennedy (1971) recorded Curdylodus rotun- decalcified ger Island Formation, on the northern and datus, Onetodus sp., and Drepanodus spp. western sides of Digger Island below or just from the formation and concurred with the above high tide level (Fig. 1). Tremadoc age. These conodonls were derived 53 Memoirs ol the Museum Viclona, No, 46, 1985. — — i 54 P. A. JELL MAINLAND (with soil Tertiary sand ^ E " --1 30m + I , D \ tr i lobites 7.3m 'Sbrachiopods ^3=r - ~-z£\ C i i ' i ' 1— i— — 9m — i B . C. intermedius luvenile t r lobites 9m+ A I Figure . Sketch of Diggci Island area showing position of section illustrated below as well as fossil collecting siies. Not drawn to scale and with north poini approximate!} up page. C and I) mark boundaries between members within the formation. All illustrated material and other studied on various occasions. Des Strusz, Bureau of material ate housed in the Palaeontologieal Mineral Resources, loaned material for study Colleetions of the Museum of Victoria (prefix from the BMR collections. Tom Bolton, NMVP) and the collecting site is designated Geological Survey of Canada provided NMVPL184 on the locality register of the same photographs of Pilekia apolla. Richard Fortey, institution. British Museum (Natural History), provided 1 am grateful for all the kindnesses listed useful correspondence. Mr and Mrs Tony Lan- below as well as any that I have inadvertently dy of Walkerville South allowed access through overlooked. Several people made colleetions their property and showed a keen interest in the for the Museum over a number of years, prin- project. Charlotte Parker assisted with sorting cipally R. J. Paton, Eric Wilkinson, Peter collections, some preparation and some Corcoran, Frank and Enid Holmes, Steve photography. Penny Clark printed most of the Eekardt, and John Talent. Other visitors, too photographs from my negatives. Annette Jell numerous to mention have helped me to collect gave constant support especially on several col- TREMADOC TRILOBITES OF DIGGER ISLAND 53 lecting trips and with curation of specimens. Robison and Pantoja-Alor (1968) to be in- Heather Martin typed the manuscript. dicative of earliest Tremodoc and also occurr- ing in the A', meridionalis zone, occurs with A'. Stratigraphy meridionalis in New Zealand (Shergold et al., A section (Fig. 1) was measured through part 1982) although that identification is not yet the lower portion of the Digger Island For- of substantiated by description or illustration. mation on the mainland opposite the southern Four of the genera (Leiostegium, Parahystri- of Digger Island then offset along strike to side curus, Pilekia, and Tessalacauda) occur in measure the remainder of the Formation expos- trilobite zone E (Ross, 1951; Hintze, 1953). ed along the northern side of the island. The Pilekia sp. is not unlike Pilekia sp. nov. from description of lithology (Singleton, 1967) is OT3 on the Gordon Road section (Jell & Stait, but in view of the large component of verified 1985) but none of the other 17 species from variety of lithologies, Lindner's mudstone and Digger Island even resemble any of the other original designation, Digger Island For- (1953) species from the relatively close (geographic- mation, is retained. ally) Tasmanian fauna so a correlation would Age be difficult to accept. trilobites of the Digger Island Formation The In China Zhou and Zhang (1978) established below are: described an Alloleiostegium-Onychopyge Zone (Alio- Micragnostus hoeki (Kobayashi, 1939) leiostegium = Leiostegium) based on a fauna Neoagnoslus eckarclli sp. nov. containing Onychopyge similar to O. parkerae, Shumardia erquensis Kobayashi, 1937 a punctate species of Leiostegium, and a species Parahystricurus sp. cf. P. fruudator Ross, 1951 of Micragnostus not unlike M. hoeki. This Hystricuridae gen. el sp. nov. assemblage is the most likely to correlate with Naimus victus gen. et sp. nov. ihe Digger Island assemblage described below. Sattnus luberus gen. et sp. nov. The Chinese assemblage occurs within 15 m of Leiosiegiwn douglasi Harrington, 1937 Dictyonema flabelliforme in a section in Jilin Onychopyge parkerae sp. nov. Province (Chen et al., 1983). However those Pseudokainelta diggerensis sp. nov. authors considered that zone to correlate with Australoharpes singletoni sp. nov. the conodont zone immediately older than the Island Australoharpes expansus sp. nov. one with which 1 correlate the Digger Brachyhipposiderus logimits gen. et sp. nov. horizon. While their correlation may well be occur- Landyia elizabelhae gen. et sp. nov. correct it does not take into account the Victorispina holmesurum gen. et sp. nov. rence of Cordylodus intermedius to the base of Pilekia sp. the C. proavus zone (Fortey et al., 1982) nor as Tessalacauda ? sp. does it acknowledge a range for Onychopyge Protopliomerops lindneri sp. nov. suggested by the Argentinian occurrences (Har- rington Leanza, 1957). Correlation of this faunule on the basis of & Island Formation previously I consider that the Digger trilobites is much more difficult than fauna may best be correlated with the thought and reference to the North American trilobite meridionalis zone of Argentina. They Kainella-Leiostegium zone cannot be con- Kainella Kainella, both contain the species M. hoeki, S. erquensis, sidered certain; it does not contain species of is and L. douglasi and have similar but rather Pseudokainelta and Leiosiegiwn Australoharpes, Pseudokainelta, and Ony- now known to be a longer ranging genus then chopyge (Harrington & Leanza, 1957, pp. 16, previously thought (Chugaeva & Apollonov, 24, 246, 250). It should be noted that although 1982; Druce et al., 1982). sug- Onychopyge is not tabulated by Harrington Of species found elsewhere P. fraudator erquen- and Leanza (1957,
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