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A Situational Analysis of Women and Girls in Maharashtra

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A Situational Analysis of Women and Girls in Maharashtra (1) MAHARASHTRA AT A GLANCE Item 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-02 1 23456 Geographical Area (Thousand Sq.Km) 306 308 308 308 308 Administrative Setup Revenue Divisions 44666 Districts 26 26 28 31 35 Tahsils 229 235 301 303 353 Inhabited villages 35851 35778 39354 40412 43,722@@ Uninhabited villages 3016 2883 2479 2613 N.A Towns 226 289 307 336 378 Population as per Census (In thousand) 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 Total 39554 50412 62784 78937 96752 Males 20429 26116 32415 40826 50334 Females 19125 24296 30369 38111 46418 Rural 28391 34701 40791 48395 55732 Urban 11163 15711 21993 30542 41020 Scheduled Castes 2227 3177 4480 8758 N.A Scheduled Tribes 2397 3841 5772 7318 N.A Density population (Per Sq.Km) 129 164 204 257 314 Literacy rate (percentage) 35.1 45.8 57.1 64.9 77.3 Sex ratio (Females per thousand males) 936 930 937 934 922 Percentage of urban population 28.22 31.17 35.03 38.69 42.4 State Income (At current prices) (As per 1993-94 series) State Income (Core Rs.) 1889 4738 16480 60143 2,41,877+ Primary Sector (Core Rs.) 649 1137 4104 13191 38,610+ Secondary Sector (Core Rs.) 486 1526 5531 19875 62,222+ Tertiary Sector (Core Rs.) 754 2075 6845 27077 1,41,045+ Per capita State income (Rs.) 484 957 2647 7696 24,736+ Agriculture (Area in thousand hectares) Net area sown 17878 17668 18299 18565 17619 Gross cropped area 18823 18737 19642 21859 22381 Gross irrigated area 1220 1570 2415 3319 3667 Percentage of gross irrigated 6.5 8.4 12.3 15.2 16.4 Area to gross cropped area (2) Item 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-02 1 23456 Area under principal crops (in thousand hectares) Rice 1300 1352 1459 1597 1514 Wheat 907 812 1063 867 776 Jowar 6284 5703 6469 6300 5137 Bajri 1635 2039 1534 1940 1399 All cereals 10606 10320 10976 11136 9411 All pulses 2349 2566 2715 3257 3388 All foodgrains 12955 12886 13691 14393 12798 Provisional+Preliminary estimates Including Un Inhabited villages ECONOMIC SURVEY OF MAHARASHTRA 2001-02 DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMIC & STATISTICS, PLANNING DEPARTMENT, GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA, MUMBAI. (3) MAHARASHTRA AT A GLANCE Item 1960 - 61 1970 - 71 1980 - 81 1990 - 91 2000 - 02* 1 23456 Sugarcane 155 204 319 536 664 Sugarcane harvested area 155 167 258 442 578 Cotton 2.500 2.750 2.550 2.721 3,105 Groundnut 1,083 904 665 864 429 Production of principal crops (in thousand tonns) Rice 1,369 1,662 2,315 2,344 2,651 Wheat 401 440 886 909 1,077 Jowar 4,224 1,557 4,409 5,929 3,910 Bajri 489 4,737 697 1,115 831 All cereals 6,755 4,737 8,647 10,740 9,305 All pulses 989 677 825 1,441 1,880 All foodgrains 7,744 5,414 9,472 12,181 11,185 Sugarcane 10,404 14,433 23,,706 38.154 45,140 Cotton (lint) 284 82 208 319 457 Groundnut 800 586 451 979 492 Index number of agricultural - - - 136.5 127.4 production @- Agricultural Census 1970-71 1980-81 1985-86 1990-91 Number of operational holdings (in thousand) 4,951 6,863 8,101 9,470 Area of operational holdings (in thousand) 21,179 21,362 21,352 20,925 Average size of operational holdings (hectares) 4.28 3.11 2.64 2.21 Livestock Census 1961 1966 1978 1987 1997 Total livestock (in thousand) 26,048 25,449 29,642 34,255 39,638 Total poultry (in thousand) 10,577 9,902 18,791 24,839 35,392 Tractor 1,,428 3,274 12,917 34,529 79,893 Forest Area (sq. Km.) 63,544 62,311 64,222 63,798 61,935 Factories - @@ 1960 1970 1980 1990 2001 Working Factories 8,010 9,803 15,170 23,410 28,324 Average daily employment (in thousand) 7466 952 1,177 11,663 1,201 Employment per lakh of population 1,886 2,031 11,,958 1,483 1,233 (4) Item 1960 - 61 1970 - 71 1980 - 81 1990 - 91 2000 - 02* 1 23456 Electricity (Million KWH) Total generation 3,268 9,134 18,751 37,311 64,138 Total consumption 2,720 7,650 14,034 30,775 46,338 Industrial consumption 18,553 5,312 8,130 14,706 17,435 Agricultural consumption 15 356 1,723 6,604 8,730 Domestic consumption 260 732 1,779 5,065 11,901 Provisional Base :- Triennial Average 1997-82=100 Covered under Factories Acts, 1948. ECONOMIC SURVEY OF MAHARASHTRA 2001-02 DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMIC &STATISTICS, PLANNING DEPARTMENT, GOVERENMENT OF MAHARASHTRA, MUMBAI (5) MAHARASHTRA AT A GLANCE Item 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-02* Banking (scheduled commercial) (June 1971) (June 1981) (June 1991) (June 2002) Banking offices N.A. 1,471 3,627 5,591 6,320 (March1991) (March 1993) Villages having banking offices N.A. 450 1,355 2,749 2,414 Education 2002-2003@@ Primary school 34,594 45,143 51,045 57,744 68,736 Enrolment (in thousand) 4,178 6,229 8,392 10,424 11,709 Secondary schools (incl. higher secondary) 2,468 5,339 6,119 9,972 16,647 Enrollment (in thousand) 858 1,936 3,309 5,704 10,094 Health 1971 1981 1991 2001 Hospital N. A. 299 530 768 1,102 Dispensaries N. A. 1,372 1,776 1,896 1,544 Beds per lakh of population @ N. A. 88 114 144 106 2000 Birth rate @ ( ** ) 34.7 32.2 28.5 26.2 21 Death rate @ ( ** ) 13.8 12.3 9.6 8.2 7.5 Infant morality rate @ (+) 86 105 79 60 48 Transport Railway route length (Kilometer) 5,056 5,226 5,233 5,434 5,459 2001-2002 Total route length (Kilometer)+ 39,241 63,364 1,441,131 1,72,965 2,22,600 Of which Surface 24,852 35,853 66,616 1,32,048 1,88,308 100 312 805 2,641 7,506 Co - operation Primary agricultural credit societies 21,400 20,420 18,577 19,565 20,674 Membership (in thousand) 2,170 3,794 5,416 7,942 10,340 total No. of Co-op. Societies 31,565 42,597 60,747 1,04,620 1,65,789 Total membership (in thousand) 4,191 8,581 14,783 26,903 43,939 Working capital (Rs. In core) 291 1,490 5,210 24,283 1,41,004 (6) Item 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-02* Banking (scheduled commercial) (June 1971) (June 1981) (June 1991) (June 2002) Local bodies Zilla Parishads 25 25 25 29 33 Gram Panchayats 21,636 22,300 24,281 25,827 27,832# Panchayat Samities 295 296 296 298 349 Municipal Councils 219 221 220 228 224 Municipal Corporations 3 4 5 11 19 Cantonment Boards 77777 Provisional N. A. Not applicable As per Sample Registration Scheme. Per thousand population. Roads maintained by Z.P. and P.W.D. Including Nagar Panchayats ECONOMIC SURVEY OF MAHARASHTRA 2001-02 DIRECTORATE OF ECONOMIC &STATISTICS, PLANNING DEPARTMENT, GOVERNMENT OF MAHARASHTRA, MUMBAI. (7) MAHARASHTRA A SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE Maharashtra is the third largest state in India, in terms of area (308 sq. km.) and second in terms of population (9,67,52,247 as per the 2001 census). Only Uttar Pradesh has a larger population and Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan have larger areas. The state is bounded by the Arabian sea in the west, and shares its boundaries with Gujarat in the north west, Madhya Pradesh to the north, Andhra Pradesh to the south east and Karnataka and Goa in the south. The State of Maharashtra forms a huge irregular triangle with its base on the west coast of India, overlooking the Arabian sea. The coastal strip, about 720 km. long and not more than 80 km. wide, is the Konkan, dotted with paddy fields and coconut groves. The Sahyadris or the Western Ghats running almost parallel to the sea coast, flank the Konkan on the east. To the east of the Sahyadris, stretches a vast plateau, forming the apex of the triangle. The plateau is drained by the great rivers, Godavari, Bhima and Krishna, which rise in the Sahyadris and flow eastward across the Indian peninsula, into the Bay of Bengal. The plateau is extremely fertile and provides excellent crops of cotton, oil seeds and sugarcane. The rainfall in the state varies considerably, the areas west of the Sahyadris like the districts of Thane, Raigad, Ratnagiri and Sindhudurg receive heavy rains. The areas which lie in the rain shadow of the Sahyadris, however, comprise the major portion of the state area and get an average rainfall of around 24-30 inches of rain annually and in some areas, less than 20 inches of rain. These areas include the districts of Nashik, Pune, Ahmednagar, Dhule, Jalgaon, Satara, Sangli, Solapur and parts of Kolhapur. In 2002, the State received 86 per cent of the normal rainfall. Out of the 352 talukas in the State 95 talukas (27%) received above the normal rainfall (i.e. more than 100 per cent of the long- term average, 92 talukas (26.1 per cent received 81 to 100 per cent rainfall, whereas 165 talukas (46.9%) received deficient (less than 80%) rainfall. In these 165 talukas, 57 talukas were from Vidarbha, 53 from Central Maharashtra (Pune and Nashik Division), 28 from Konkan and 27 from Marathwada. Thus the overall picture of the rainfall received this monsoon was not satisfactory and has badly affected agricultural production in the State.
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