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Final Report Michigan Department of Transportation Development of 3D and 4D Bridge Models and Plans Contract No. 2016-0175 May 28, 2018 i TECHNICAL REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE 1. Report No. 2. Government Accession No. 3. Recipient’s Catalog No. SPR-1647 N/A If applicable 4. Title and Subtitle 5. Report Date Development of 3D and 4D Bridge Models and Plans May 28, 2018 6. Performing Organization Code N/A 7. Author(s) 8. Performing Organization Report Joseph Brenner, Alexa Mitchell, Francesca Maier, Marcia Yockey, Shashank No. Pulikanti N/A 9. Performing Organization Name and Address 10. Work Unit No. WSP Michigan, Inc. N/A 500 Griswold St., Suite 2900 11. Contract or Grant No. Detroit, MI 48226 Contract 2016-0175 12. Sponsoring Agency Name and Address 13. Type of Report and Period Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) Covered Research Administration Final Report, 3/1/2016 to 5/31/2018 8885 Ricks Road 14. Sponsoring Agency Code P.O. Box 33049 N/A Lansing, Michigan 48909 15. Supplementary Notes Conducted in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration. MDOT research reports are available at www.michigan.gov/mdotresearch. 16. Abstract Since 2012, MDOT has been leading national efforts to modernize design development with 3D modeling. Early focus on roadway projects yielded streamlined plan production and digital data for construction. As MDOT pivots to 3D model-centric design, national and international movements gain traction to extend the value of 3D models to bridges. Researchers conducted a thorough review of the state of the practice and engaged with industry partners to help create a plan that will help MDOT implement 3D models for bridges. The plan includes recommendations for producing, managing and documenting the production of bridge models, and a framework to organize the information in the models, define the level of development and visual quality of model elements, manage geospatial distance distortions, and clarify desired outputs from the models. The project also tested a 3D bridge modeling software on real projects and provided training materials to advance the market-ready 3D modeling applications for bridge designers. 17. Key Words 18. Distribution Statement Advanced technology, Bridge design, 3D modeling, Level of No restrictions. This document is also available to the development, Bridge modeling software, CADD, Innovation, public through the Michigan Department of Technology, Training materials. Transportation. 19. Security Classif. (of this report) 20. Security Classif. (of this 21. No. of 22. Price Unclassified page) Pages N/A Unclassified 188 Form DOT F 1700.7 (8-72) Reproduction of completed page authorized ii MDOT: Development of 3D and 4D Bridge Models and Plans Final Report Contract No. 2016-0175 Acknowledgements This project was funded by the Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT). The authors would like to acknowledge the support and efforts of Mr. Bradley Wagner for initiating this research and the MDOT Research Advisory Panel (RAP) for contributing to the advancement of this study. MDOT RAP Members: · Bradley Wagner · Michael Townley · Talia Belill · David LaCross · Luke Bailey · Jeff Triezenberg · Rebecca Curtis · Steve Katenhus · Richard Kathrens (formerly of MDOT) The authors would like to also thank the following people: MDOT: State Departments of Transportation: · Tony Duda · Doug Dunrud (formerly of California) · David Geyer · Ahmand Abu-Hawash (Iowa) · Jacob Armour · Annette Jeffers (Iowa) · Nathan Gross (New York) Formerly of MDOT: · Troy Soka (New York) · Cathy Cassar · Stephanie Winkelheik (New York) · John Lobbestael · Jera Irick (Utah) · George Lukes (Utah) Consultants: · Scot Becker (Wisconsin) · Josh Sletten (WSP USA) Disclaimer This publication is disseminated in the interest of information exchange. The Michigan Department of Transportation (hereinafter referred to as MDOT) expressly disclaims any liability, of any kind, or for any reason, that might otherwise arise out of any use of this publication or the information or data provided in the publication. MDOT further disclaims any responsibility for typographical errors or accuracy of the information provided or contained within this information. MDOT makes no warranties or representations whatsoever regarding the quality, content, completeness, suitability, adequacy, sequence, accuracy or timeliness of the information and data provided, or that the contents represent standards, specifications, or regulations. iii MDOT: Development of 3D and 4D Bridge Models and Plans Final Report Contract No. 2016-0175 Table of Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................ 1 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background............................................................................................................ 1 1.1.1 Objectives ....................................................................................................... 2 1.1.2 Scope of Work ................................................................................................. 2 2. Project Approach ......................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Phase I .................................................................................................................. 3 2.2 Phase II ................................................................................................................. 3 2.3 Phase III ................................................................................................................ 4 2.4 Phase IV ................................................................................................................ 5 3. Literature Review ........................................................................................................ 6 3.1 Uses of 3D and 4D Models in the Bridge Lifecycle ................................................ 6 3.2 Relevant 3D Modeling and BIM Practices from Other Sectors .............................. 7 3.3 Data Interoperability and Durability Considerations ............................................... 8 4. Outcomes .................................................................................................................. 10 4.1 Review of the State of the Practice ...................................................................... 10 4.2 Industry Collaboration .......................................................................................... 10 4.3 Tools for Managing and Documenting Bridge Models ......................................... 10 4.4 Initial Training Sessions ....................................................................................... 10 4.5 Training Material and Technical Resources ......................................................... 10 4.7 Implementation Plan and Final Report ................................................................. 10 5. Bridge Model Framework Discussion ........................................................................ 11 5.1 Documenting Model Requirements ...................................................................... 11 5.2 Model Element Organization................................................................................ 12 5.3 Level of Development (LOD) ............................................................................... 17 5.4 Visual Quality ....................................................................................................... 19 5.5 Managing Distance Distortions ............................................................................ 21 5.6 OBM File Formats and Metadata ......................................................................... 26 5.7 Derivative Products .............................................................................................. 27 6. Conclusions ............................................................................................................... 29 6.1 Conclusions from the Study ................................................................................. 29 6.2 Recommendations for Further Research ............................................................. 29 6.2.1 Creating the Business Case for Implementation of 3D Bridge Models .......... 29 6.2.2 AASHTO Pooled Fund Coordination ............................................................. 30 6.2.3 Collaborative Review .................................................................................... 30 iv MDOT: Development of 3D and 4D Bridge Models and Plans Final Report Contract No. 2016-0175 6.3 Research Implementation Plan ............................................................................ 30 6.3.1 Updates to MDOT Standards ........................................................................ 30 6.3.2 Staff Development ......................................................................................... 33 6.3.3 Recommendations for Software Evaluations................................................. 34 6.3.4 Initial Testing and Pilot Projects .................................................................... 35 Appendices ................................................................................................................... 36 Appendix 1. List of Acronyms, Abbreviations and Symbols ......................................
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