DOCSLIB.ORG

Asian Development Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

About the Asian Development Bank The Asian Development Bank (ADB)’s work is aimed at improving the welfare of the people of the Asia and Pacific region, particularly for the 1.9 billion who live on less than $2 a day. Despite the success 2005 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW 22 Number 1 Volume stories, Asia and the Pacific remains home to two thirds of the world’s poor. ADB is a multilateral development finance institution ASIAN DEVELOPMENT owned by 64 members, 46 from the region and 18 from other parts of the globe. ADB’s vision is a region free of poverty. Its mission is to help its developing member countries reduce poverty and improve their quality of life. ADB’s main instruments in providing help to its developing member countries are policy dialogues, loans, technical assistance, grants, guarantees, and equity investments. ADB’s annual lending volume is typically about $6 billion, with technical assistance REVIEW provided usually totaling about $180 million a year. Volume 22 2005 Number 1 ADB’s headquarters is in Manila. It has 26 offices around the world. The organization has more than 2,000 employees from over 50 countries. WTO: Toward the Hong Kong, China Ministerial and Beyond Carla A. Hills Poverty Reduction Strategies—Lessons from the Asian and Pacific Region on Inclusive Development Shiladitya Chatterjee Promotion of Trade and Investment between People’s Republic of China and India: Toward a Regional Perspective Biswanath N. Bhattacharyay and Prabir De Quota-free Trade in Textiles and Clothing: Policy Issues and Options for ASEAN Thitapha Wattanapruttipaisan Total Factor Productivity Growth in the Philippines: 1960–2000 Caesar B. Cororaton Asian Development Bank 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines www.adb.org/economics ISSN: 0116-1105 Publication Stock No. 121105 Printed in the Philippines ASIAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW Editor Ifzal Ali Editorial Assistant Cherry Lynn T. Zafaralla Editorial Board MONTEK AHLUWALIA, International Monetary Fund PETER MCCAWLEY, Asian Development Bank MOHAMMED ARIFF, Malaysian Institute of Institute, Tokyo Economic Research SEIJI NAYA, East-West Center, Hawaii JERE BEHRMAN, University of Pennsylvania M. G. QUIBRIA, Asian Development Bank PRANAB BHARDAN, University of California, MARTIN RAVALLION, World Bank Berkeley AMARTYA SEN, Trinity College, Cambridge NANCY BIRDSALL, Center for Global Development, BINAYAK SEN, Bangladesh Institute of Washington, D.C. Development Studies RAUL V. F ABELLA, University of the Philippines HADI SOESASTRO, Centre for Strategic YUJIRO HAYAMI, GRIPS/FASID Joint Graduate and International Studies, Jakarta Program, Tokyo BYUNG NAK SONG, Seoul National University ULRICH HIEMENZ, OECD Development Centre CHALONGPHOB SUSSANGKARN, Thailand YOSHIHIRO IWASAKI, Asian Development Bank Development Research Institute LAWRENCE LAU, Stanford University CHIA SIOW YUE, Institute of JUSTIN YIFU LIN, Peking University, Beijing International Affairs, Singapore The Asian Development Review is a professional journal for disseminating the results of economic and development research carried out by staff and resource persons of the Asian Development Bank (ADB). The Review stresses policy and operational relevance of development issues rather than the technical aspects of economics and other social sciences. Articles are intended for readership among economists and social scientists in government, private sector, academia, and international organizations. The Review also invites contributions from external scholars and researchers dealing with Asian and Pacific development issues. All submitted manuscripts are subject to review by two external referees and one ADB staff member. Opinions expressed in the Review are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of ADB. Please direct all editorial correspondence to the Managing Editor, Asian Development Review, Economics and Research Department, Asian Development Bank, 6 ADB Avenue, Mandaluyong City, 1550 Metro Manila, Philippines. For more information, please visit the Web sites of the Review at http://www.adb.org/Documents/Periodicals/ADR and the Asian Development Bank at http://www.adb.org Vol. 22 No. 1 © 2005, Asian Development Bank ISSN 0116-1105 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW Volume 22 2005 Number 1 WTO: Toward the Hong Kong, China Ministerial 1 and Beyond Carla A. Hills Poverty Reduction Strategies—Lessons from the 12 Asian and Pacific Region on Inclusive Development Shiladitya Chatterjee Promotion of Trade and Investment 45 between People’s Republic of China and India: Toward a Regional Perspective Biswanath N. Bhattacharyay and Prabir De Quota-free Trade in Textiles and Clothing: 71 Policy Issues and Options for ASEAN Thitapha Wattanapruttipaisan Total Factor Productivity Growth 97 in the Philippines: 1960–2000 Caesar B. Cororaton WTO: Toward the Hong Kong, China Ministerial and Beyond CARLA A. HILLS A successful Doha Development Round has the potential to raise standards of living worldwide, alleviate grinding global poverty, remove inequities in the trading system, and enhance international stability. With it, the well-being of Asia, which is home to most of the world’s poor, would be substantially enhanced. Yet there are huge risks that the prospective benefits will not be achieved. Over the past 4 years governments from 148 nations have been negotiating whether and how to open markets for agricultural products, industrial goods, and services. On 8 July 2005 in addressing the heads of country delegations Director General Supachai Panitchpakdi declared, “these negotiations are in trouble”, primarily for lack of political support. That suggests that people worldwide are unaware of the tremendous gains that would be captured from successfully concluding the Doha negotiations and the worrisome implications if they fail. Governments need to get the message out regarding why the Doha Development Round is absolutely vital to our future economic growth and political stability. I. INTRODUCTION As we move toward the Sixth WTO Ministerial Conference in December 2005 in Hong Kong, China, five questions must be asked as to what is at stake in the Doha Round of multilateral trade negotiations: (i) Why should individuals representing nations that are members or prospective members of the World Trade Organization (WTO), care very much about the state of the negotiations in the Doha Round? (ii) Since trade liberalization and economic interdependence—sometimes called globalization—have advanced so dramatically over the past couple of decades, is it really necessary to do more now? (iii) What is the current status of the Doha negotiations? (iv) Are there risks that the Doha Round of Trade Talks might actually collapse? (v) Finally, what, if anything, can we do to maximize the prospects for Doha’s success? Ambassador Carla Hills is former US Trade Representative, and Chair and Chief Executive Officer of Hills & Company International Consultants. This Keynote Speech was delivered during the ADB High-Level Meeting on WTO Key Doha Round Issues held 3-5 August 2005 in Osaka, Japan. The informal style of presentation has been preserved. Asian Development Review, vol. 22, no. 1, pp.1-11 © 2005 Asian Development Bank 2 ASIAN DEVELOPMENT REVIEW II. WHY SHOULD YOU CARE? Our experience since World War II persuades that increased economic interdependence boosts economic growth and encourages political stability. For nearly 60 years, trading nations have worked together to open global markets and to establish a series of international organizations, including the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and WTO to promote global trade. Just 23 nations participated in the first round of global trade negotiations in 1947; today 148 nations are participating in the ninth round—the Doha Development Round. The results achieved in the intervening half century have been spectacular. World trade has exploded and standards of living have soared. Developing as well as industrialized countries have benefited. Poor countries that opened their markets to trade and investment on average grew five times faster than those that kept their markets closed. Those who say that open trade will exacerbate poverty are simply wrong. In the words of economist Paul Krugman “every successful example of economic development this past century… has taken place via globalization; that is by producing for the world market rather than trying for self sufficiency.” Faster national growth is closely correlated with significant poverty reduction. Studies conducted by David Dollar, an economist with the World Bank, show that globalization over the past 20 years has raised 375 million people out of extreme poverty, and amazingly this was done while the world’s population grew by 1.8 billion (Dollar 2004). III. WHY IS IT NECESSARY TO DO MORE NOW? Since economic interdependence has advanced so dramatically over the past couple of decades, it is necessary to do more now. One reason is that disparities have been injected into the trading system. As developing countries joined successive rounds of trade negotiations, a number of them began to focus their negotiations on obtaining special and differential treatment to avoid opening their markets, rather than on securing permanent market access for their own products. As a result, tariffs on many products, which never became the subject of a negotiation, to this day remain frozen at levels generally prevalent decades ago. Similarly little effort was made to abolish tariff escalation that imposes higher
Recommended publications
  • After the Big Bang? Obstacles to the Emergence of the Rule of Law in Post-Communist Societies

    After the Big Bang? Obstacles to the Emergence of the Rule of Law in Post-Communist Societies

    After the Big Bang? Obstacles to the Emergence of the Rule of Law in Post-Communist Societies By KARLA HOFF AND JOSEPH E. STIGLITZ* In recent years economists have increasingly [Such] institutions would follow private been concerned with understanding the creation property rather than the other way around of the “rules of the game”—in the broad sense (pp. 10–11). of political economy—rather than merely the behaviors of agents within a set of rules already But there was no theory to explain how this in place. The transition from plan to market of process of institutional evolution would occur the countries in the former Soviet bloc entailed and, in fact, it has not yet occurred in Russia and an experiment in creating new rules of the many of the other transition economies. A cen- game. In going from a command economy, tral reason for that, according to many scholars, is the weakness of the political demand for the where almost all property is owned by the state, 1 to a market economy, where individuals control rule of law. As Bernard Black et al. (2000) their own property, an entirely new set of insti- observe for Russia, tutions would need to be established in a short period. How could this be done? company managers and kleptocrats op- The strategy adopted in Russia and many posed efforts to strengthen or enforce the capital market laws. They didn’t want a other transition economies was the “Big strong Securities Commission or tighter Bang”—mass privatization of state enterprises rules on self-dealing transactions.
  • Long Term Consequences of Early Childhood Malnutrition

    Long Term Consequences of Early Childhood Malnutrition

    Long Term Consequences Of Early Childhood Malnutrition Harold Alderman, World Bank John Hoddinott, Dalhousie University and IFPRI Bill Kinsey, University of Zimbabwe and Free University, Amsterdam June 2002 Acknowledgements The authors thank Jere Behrman and Hanan Jacoby, as well as seminar participants at Dalhousie, IFPRI, McMaster, Oxford, Toronto and the World Bank for insightful comments on earlier drafts. We gratefully acknowledge funding for survey work from the British Developme nt Division in Central Africa, UNICEF, the former Ministry of Lands, Resettlement and Rural Development, Zimbabwe, FAO, the Nuffield Foundation, ODI, DfID, IFPRI, CSAE Oxford, the Free University, Amsterdam, the Research Board of the University of Zimbabwe and the World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or the countries they represent. JEL classification: I12; I20; O15 Key words: health; education; shocks; Zimbabwe Address for correspondence: John Hoddinott, International Food Policy Research Institute, 2033 K Street NW, Washington DC, 20006, USA. em: [email protected] Long Term Consequences Of Early Childhood Malnutrition Abstract This paper explores the long-term consequences of shocks on children’s health and education using longitudinal data from rural Zimbabwe. We link exposure to the war preceding Zimbabwe’s independence and the 1982-84 drought to the health status of the children in our sample (as measured by their height-for-age in 1983, 1984 and 1987) and to their health and educational attainments as adolescents measured in 2000. Instrumental variables- maternal fixed effects estimates show a statistically significant relationship between height-for -age in children under 5 and height attained as a young adult, the number of grades of schooling completed and the age at which the child starts school.
  • Another World Is Possible! Stand up & Take Action

    Another World Is Possible! Stand up & Take Action

    Jubilee Sunday A Christian Worship & Action Resource for Your Faith Community Another World is Possible! Stand Up & Take Action Contents Letter from Our Executive Director...................................................... 1 Worship Resources.................................................................................... 2 Jubilee Vision....................................................................................... 2 Minute for Mission.............................................................................. 4 Prayers of Intercession for Jubilee Sunday.................................... 6 Hymn Suggestions for Worship........................................................ 7 Jubilee Sunday Sermon Notes........................................................... 9 Children’s Sermon............................................................................... 10 Children and Teen Sunday School Activities................................. 11 Jubilee Action – Another World is Possible....................................... 13 Stand Up Pledge.......................................................................................... 14 Dear partners for a real Jubilee, Thank you for participating in our annual Jubilee Sunday -- your participation in this time will help empower our leaders in the United States to take action for the world’s poorest. Join Jubilee Congregations around the United States on October 14, 2012 to pray for global economic justice, to deepen your community’s understanding of the debt issue, take decisive
  • Behrman 2011

    Behrman 2011

    Do Conditional Cash Transfers for Schooling Generate Lasting Benefits? A Five-Year Followup of PROGRESA/Oportunidades Jere R. Behrman Susan W. Parker Petra E. Todd ABSTRACT Conditional cash transfer (CCT) programs link public transfers to human capital investment in hopes of alleviating current poverty and reducing its intergenerational transmission. However, little is known about their long- term impacts. This paper evaluates longer-run impacts on schooling and work of the best-known CCT program, Mexico’s PROGRESA/Oportunida- des, using experimental and nonexperimental estimators based on groups with different program exposure. The results show positive impacts on schooling, reductions in work for younger youth (consistent with postpon- ing labor force entry), increases in work for older girls, and shifts from agricultural to nonagricultural employment. The evidence suggests school- ing effects are robust with time. Jere R. Behrman is the W. R. Kenan Jr. Professor of Economics and Sociology and PSC research associ- ate at the University of Pennsylvania. Susan W. Parker is a professor/researcher in the Division of Eco- nomics at the Center for Research and Teaching in Economics (CIDE) in Mexico City. Petra E. Todd is professor of economics and a research associate of PSC at the University of Pennsylvania, the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) and the Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA). This work received support from the Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica (INSP) and the Mellon Foundation/Population Studies Center (PSC)/University of Pennsylvania grant to Todd (P.I.) on “Long-term Impact Evaluation of the Oportunidades Program in Rural Mexico.” The authors thank three anonymous referees, Bernardo Herna´ndez, Iliana Yaschine and seminar participants at the University of Pennsylvania, the World Bank, and the University of Goettingen for helpful comments on early versions of this paper.
  • A Read of at the Back of the North Wind

    A Read of at the Back of the North Wind

    A Read��� of At the Back of the North Wind Col�� Ma�love acDonald’s At the Back of the North Wind (1871) was first serialised inM Good Words for the Young under his own editorship, from October 1868 to November 1870. It was his first attempt at writing a full-length “fairy-story” for children, following on his shorter fairy tales—including “The Selfish Giant,” “The Light Princess,” and “The Golden Key”—written between 1862 and 1867, and published in Dealings with the Fairies (1867). At the Back of the North Wind is, in fact, longer than either of the Princess books that were to follow it, The Princess and the Goblin (1872) and The Princess and Curdie (1882). It tells of the boy Diamond’s life as a cabman’s son in a poor area of mid-Victorian London, and of his meetings and adventures with a lady called North Wind; and it includes a separate fairy tale called “Little Daylight,” two dream-stories, and several poems. Generally well received by the public, it has hardly been out of print since. At the Back of the North Wind is MacDonald’s only fantasy set mainly in this world. In Phantastes (1858), Anodos goes into Fairy Land and in Lilith Mr. Vane finds himself in the Region of the Seven Dimensions. In the Princess books we are in a fairy-tale realm of kings, princesses, and goblins; and the worlds of the shorter fairy tales are all full of fairies, witches, and giants. But Diamond’s story nearly all happens either in Victorian London or in other parts of the world where North Wind takes him.
  • “PRESENCE” of JAPAN in KOREA's POPULAR MUSIC CULTURE by Eun-Young Ju

    “PRESENCE” of JAPAN in KOREA's POPULAR MUSIC CULTURE by Eun-Young Ju

    TRANSNATIONAL CULTURAL TRAFFIC IN NORTHEAST ASIA: THE “PRESENCE” OF JAPAN IN KOREA’S POPULAR MUSIC CULTURE by Eun-Young Jung M.A. in Ethnomusicology, Arizona State University, 2001 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2007 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by Eun-Young Jung It was defended on April 30, 2007 and approved by Richard Smethurst, Professor, Department of History Mathew Rosenblum, Professor, Department of Music Andrew Weintraub, Associate Professor, Department of Music Dissertation Advisor: Bell Yung, Professor, Department of Music ii Copyright © by Eun-Young Jung 2007 iii TRANSNATIONAL CULTURAL TRAFFIC IN NORTHEAST ASIA: THE “PRESENCE” OF JAPAN IN KOREA’S POPULAR MUSIC CULTURE Eun-Young Jung, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2007 Korea’s nationalistic antagonism towards Japan and “things Japanese” has mostly been a response to the colonial annexation by Japan (1910-1945). Despite their close economic relationship since 1965, their conflicting historic and political relationships and deep-seated prejudice against each other have continued. The Korean government’s official ban on the direct import of Japanese cultural products existed until 1997, but various kinds of Japanese cultural products, including popular music, found their way into Korea through various legal and illegal routes and influenced contemporary Korean popular culture. Since 1998, under Korea’s Open- Door Policy, legally available Japanese popular cultural products became widely consumed, especially among young Koreans fascinated by Japan’s quintessentially postmodern popular culture, despite lingering resentments towards Japan.
  • Cosmos: a Spacetime Odyssey (2014) Episode Scripts Based On

    Cosmos: a Spacetime Odyssey (2014) Episode Scripts Based On

    Cosmos: A SpaceTime Odyssey (2014) Episode Scripts Based on Cosmos: A Personal Voyage by Carl Sagan, Ann Druyan & Steven Soter Directed by Brannon Braga, Bill Pope & Ann Druyan Presented by Neil deGrasse Tyson Composer(s) Alan Silvestri Country of origin United States Original language(s) English No. of episodes 13 (List of episodes) 1 - Standing Up in the Milky Way 2 - Some of the Things That Molecules Do 3 - When Knowledge Conquered Fear 4 - A Sky Full of Ghosts 5 - Hiding In The Light 6 - Deeper, Deeper, Deeper Still 7 - The Clean Room 8 - Sisters of the Sun 9 - The Lost Worlds of Planet Earth 10 - The Electric Boy 11 - The Immortals 12 - The World Set Free 13 - Unafraid Of The Dark 1 - Standing Up in the Milky Way The cosmos is all there is, or ever was, or ever will be. Come with me. A generation ago, the astronomer Carl Sagan stood here and launched hundreds of millions of us on a great adventure: the exploration of the universe revealed by science. It's time to get going again. We're about to begin a journey that will take us from the infinitesimal to the infinite, from the dawn of time to the distant future. We'll explore galaxies and suns and worlds, surf the gravity waves of space-time, encounter beings that live in fire and ice, explore the planets of stars that never die, discover atoms as massive as suns and universes smaller than atoms. Cosmos is also a story about us. It's the saga of how wandering bands of hunters and gatherers found their way to the stars, one adventure with many heroes.
  • World Population Ageing 2019

    World Population Ageing 2019

    World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights ST/ESA/SER.A/430 Department of Economic and Social Affairs Population Division World Population Ageing 2019 Highlights United Nations New York, 2019 The Department of Economic and Social Affairs of the United Nations Secretariat is a vital interface between global policies in the economic, social and environmental spheres and national action. The Department works in three main interlinked areas: (i) it compiles, generates and analyses a wide range of economic, social and environmental data and information on which States Members of the United Nations draw to review common problems and take stock of policy options; (ii) it facilitates the negotiations of Member States in many intergovernmental bodies on joint courses of action to address ongoing or emerging global challenges; and (iii) it advises interested Governments on the ways and means of translating policy frameworks developed in United Nations conferences and summits into programmes at the country level and, through technical assistance, helps build national capacities. The Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs provides the international community with timely and accessible population data and analysis of population trends and development outcomes for all countries and areas of the world. To this end, the Division undertakes regular studies of population size and characteristics and of all three components of population change (fertility, mortality and migration). Founded in 1946, the Population Division provides substantive support on population and development issues to the United Nations General Assembly, the Economic and Social Council and the Commission on Population and Development. It also leads or participates in various interagency coordination mechanisms of the United Nations system.
  • Mothers' Social Networks and Socioeconomic Gradients of Isolation

    Mothers' Social Networks and Socioeconomic Gradients of Isolation

    NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES MOTHERS’ SOCIAL NETWORKS AND SOCIOECONOMIC GRADIENTS OF ISOLATION Alison Andrew Orazio Attanasio Britta Augsburg Jere Behrman Monimalika Day Pamela Jervis Costas Meghir Angus Phimister Working Paper 28049 http://www.nber.org/papers/w28049 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 November 2020 This study was funded by the NICHD (grant R01 HD072120), the Cowles Foundation and ISPS at Yale, the Population Studies Center at the University of Pennsylvania and the SIEF program at the World Bank. This project has also received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No 695300-HKADeC-ERC-2015-AdG). In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the support of the Economic and Social Research Council’s Centre for the Microeconomic Analysis of Public Policy at IFS (grant reference ES/M010147/1). We bear sole responsibility for all errors and opinions expressed. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2020 by Alison Andrew, Orazio Attanasio, Britta Augsburg, Jere Behrman, Monimalika Day, Pamela Jervis, Costas Meghir, and Angus Phimister. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Mothers’ Social Networks and Socioeconomic Gradients of Isolation Alison Andrew, Orazio Attanasio, Britta Augsburg, Jere Behrman, Monimalika Day, Pamela Jervis, Costas Meghir, and Angus Phimister NBER Working Paper No.
  • Bf File220201204181219.Pdf

    Bf File220201204181219.Pdf

    True Parents’ Message and News English Version No. 75 天一國 8年 天曆 DECEMBER11 2020 ARTICLE ONE The Importance of the Cheonshimwon By Gi-seong Lee n December 15, 2017, True Mother gave me the heavy responsibility of serving as president of FFWPU for a heavenly Korea. I was so grateful, but on many nights I could not sleep from worries and anxieties. Nevertheless, I had to go toward victory in realizing Vision 2020. I have Obeen running for the past three years as president, holding onto the guidance she gave me, “The more you feel inadequate, the more Heaven will work with you.” Looking back on the past three years, I recall touching memories I had with church members. On February 22, 2018, at the Cheongshim World Peace Center, heavenly Korea had a March Forward Rally for the Inheritance of Heavenly For- tune. That was not a rally at which we listened to True Mother's guidance and made resolutions. The intent of the rally was to enthrone her and to display our firm re- solve. There, I expressed my determination with fear and a trembling heart. I shed tears that day. Twenty thou- sand others did as well. Thus, Heavenly Parent moved in miraculous ways. The foundation to begin emerged, and after Foundation Day, forty families began the heavenly tribal messiah work to bless 430 couples horizontal- ly [in the earthly realm]. In just six months, the forty families multiplied tenfold to over four hundred. I also cherish the Cheonshimwon all-night-prayer vigil. In March 2018, under True Mother's direction, eight leaders did a rotating all-night-prayer vigil there for twenty-one days.
  • John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs

    John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs

    2018 John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs Table of Contents World Happiness Report 2018 Editors: John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey D. Sachs Associate Editors: Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Haifang Huang and Shun Wang 1 Happiness and Migration: An Overview . 3 John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard and Jeffrey D. Sachs 2 International Migration and World Happiness . 13 John F. Helliwell, Haifang Huang, Shun Wang and Hugh Shiplett 3 Do International Migrants Increase Their Happiness and That of Their Families by Migrating? . 45 Martijn Hendriks, Martijn J. Burger, Julie Ray and Neli Esipova 4 Rural-Urban Migration and Happiness in China . 67 John Knight and Ramani Gunatilaka 5 Happiness and International Migration in Latin America . 89 Carol Graham and Milena Nikolova 6 Happiness in Latin America Has Social Foundations . 115 Mariano Rojas 7 America’s Health Crisis and the Easterlin Paradox . 146 Jeffrey D. Sachs Annex: Migrant Acceptance Index: Do Migrants Have Better Lives in Countries That Accept Them? . 160 Neli Esipova, Julie Ray, John Fleming and Anita Pugliese The World Happiness Report was written by a group of independent experts acting in their personal capacities. Any views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization, agency or programme of the United Nations. 2 Chapter 1 3 Happiness and Migration: An Overview John F. Helliwell, Vancouver School of Economics at the University of British Columbia, and Canadian Institute for Advanced Research Richard Layard, Wellbeing Programme, Centre for Economic Performance, at the London School of Economics and Political Science Jeffrey D. Sachs, Director, SDSN, and Director, Center for Sustainable Development, Columbia University The authors are grateful to the Ernesto Illy Foundation and the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research for research support, and to Gallup for data access and assistance.
  • Evaluating the Early Childhood Development Program in the Philippines*

    Evaluating the Early Childhood Development Program in the Philippines*

    Evaluating the Early Childhood Development Program in the Philippines* by Jere Behrman (University of Pennsylvania, [email protected]) Paulita Duazo (University of San Carlos, [email protected]) Sharon Ghuman (University of Michigan, [email protected]) Socorro Gultiano (University of San Carlos, [email protected]) Elizabeth M. King (The World Bank, [email protected]) Nanette Lee (University of San Carlos, [email protected]) The Office of Population Studies, University of San Carlos ECD Team 15 March 2005 * This project was supported by NIH Research Grant # R01 TW05604 on “Filipino Early Childhood Development: Longitudinal Analysis” funded by the Fogarty International Center, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research (OBSSR), and the Global Development Network (GDN); the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) of the Government of the Philippines; and the World Bank Research Advisory Committee (RAD). The authors thank all these organizations for support for this project, the Early Childhood Development (ECD) Team at the Office of Population Studies (OPS) of the University of San Carlos for excellent support in all stages of the data collection and initial preparation process; and the ECD Project Management Office for making administrative data on implementation available to us. This paper is being presented at the Population Association of American Annual Meetings in Philadelphia on 1 April 2005 at Session 108 on “Long Term Effects of Early Childhood Interventions” by Sharon Ghuman. Abstract Increasing attention and resources have been devoted in recent years to early childhood development (ECD) in low to middle income countries.