DOCSLIB.ORG

United States Patent (19) 11) 3,888,822 Gilleo Et Al

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
United States Patent (19) 11) 3,888,822 Gilleo Et Al United States Patent (19) 11) 3,888,822 Gilleo et al. (45) June 10, 1975 54) PROCESS FOR INCREASING FLAME 56) References Cited RESISTANCE OF NYLON AND RESULTING UNITED STATES PATENTS FLAME RESISTANT NYLON 3,250,772 5/1966 Dexter et al................. 260/45.8 NT COMPOSITION 3,293,249 12/1966 Biland et al................. 260/45.8 NT (75) Inventors: Kenneth B. Gilleo, Depew, Francis 3,415,824 12/1968 Biland et al................. 260/45.8 NT 3,444, 142 5/1969 Kolyer et al................. 260/45.8 NT E. Evans, Hamburg; Allen W. Sogn, 3,538,092 1 1/1970 Dexter et al................. 260/45.8 NT Williamsville, all of N.Y. 3,709,883 1/1973 Dexter et al................. 260/45.8 NT 73. Assignee: Allied Chemical Corporation, New 3,793,289 2/1974 Koch et al................... 260/45.8 NT York, N.Y. Primary Examiner-Melvyn I. Marquis 22 Filed: Dec. 17, 1973 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Michael L. Dunn; Jay P. 21 Appl. No.: 425,488 Friedenson 52) U.S. Cl................... 260/45.8 NT, 260/45.75 R, 57 ABSTRACT 26045.75 C, 260/45.8 N A process for increasing the flame resistance of nylon 51) Int. Cl. ............................................ C08f 45/58 comprising treating the nylon with a heterocyclic ring (58) Field of Search 260/45.8 NT, 45.8 N, 45.75 R, compound which contains both sulfur and nitrogen 260/45.75 C and the resulting flame resistant nylon composition. 41 Claims, No Drawings 3,888,822 1. 2 PROCESS FOR INCREASING FLAME RESISTANCE bonded to a carbon atom and no phosphorous or arse OF NYLON AND RESULTING FLAME RESISTANT nic. NYLON COMPOSITION The novel composition in accordance with the inven tion comprises nylon containing from about 0.5 to This invention relates to nylons exhibiting improved 5 about 25 weight percent of a compound or a mixture flame resistance. More specifically, this invention re of compounds having the above formula. lates to nylon treated with compositions which impart improved flame resistance thereto and to the process of DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION so treating the nylon. In accordance with this invention nylon is treated In the prior art numerous compounds have been used 10 with at least about 0.5 weight percent and preferably at as additives to carbon containing polymers, including least about 2 weight percent of a compound or a mix nylon (polycarbonamides), to reduce flammability of ture of compounds falling within the above formula. the polymers. For example inorganic and organic tin Generally less than about 25 weight percent, preferably compounds and halogen containing compounds have less than about 16 weight percent, and most preferably been used to reduce flammability of nylon. These com 15 less than about 8 weight percent of the compound or pounds have not, however, been entirely successful. mixture of compounds is used since generally greater In addition to the tin containing compounds and hal percentages do not materially increase flame resistance ogen containing compounds, some compounds, con and can sometimes cause undesirable effects such as taining nitrogen and sulfur have been employed to im flaking on the surface of the nylon. prove flame resistance. For example thiourea and com 20 The nylon may be treated by wetting the surface with pounds containing non-cyclic imine groups have been a solution or emulsion containing one or more of the used. Thiourea, while being an improvement over the above compounds or one or more of the compounds tin and halogen compounds, still does not create as may be added to the nylon polymerization reactants or much flame resistance as is desired, or necessary, and to the nylon melt prior to the formation of polymeric the compounds containing imine groups do not give the 25 products, e.g. a nylon fiber. desired flame resistance and, due to the imine group, The compounds which are added to the nylon poly hydrolize when contacted with water thus preventing merization reactants should of course be stable under the formation of a permanent application of the com the conditions of polymerization, should not interfere pounds to the nylon or other carbon containing poly with the polymerization and should be stable in the IeS. 30 nylon melt. An example of such a compound is: Other compounds containing both sulfur and nitro gen which have been suggested to impart flame resis tance to nylon have been found to be inadequate since HS N SLil' they contain too much carbon in relation to the amount N of other elements present in the compound or the car 35 Y's bon is present in a single flammable chain of excessive length, which chain will easily burn. NS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION H In accordance with the process of this invention it has 40 now been discovered that nylon can be treated with Compounds added to the nylon melt should be stable certain additive compounds containing sulfur and ni in the melt and should not deleteriously affect the ny trogen to give a flame resistance which is superior to lon. Examples of such compounds are: the flame resistance obtainable by any known prior art compound or method. 45 The additive compounds, with which the nylon is treated, have the formula: wherein Q is a saturated or unsaturated heterocyclic 50 Mg't ring structure, which may be substituted or unsubsti tuted, containing at least one sulfur or nitrogen atom in the ring; R1 is independently at each occurrence a mon ovalent radical containing at least one sulfur or nitro gen atom; R2 is independently at each occurrence a di 55 valent radical containing at least one sulfur or nitrogen S N - * atom; n is 0 or an integer of 1 through 6 and m is 0 or Y Catt HS YN s NH an integer of 1 through 3 and the sum of n and 2m is N. N no greater than six with the proviso that said compound Y N 2 N 60 S 2 and N contains at least one nitrogen atom and at least one sul -- H - SH fur atom, contains no non-cyclic imine group, and the ratio of the number of carbon atoms in the compound to the total number of atoms having an atomic number greater than 2 other than carbon in the compound being 2:1 or less, said compound including no carbon 65 Q in the above formula for the compounds may be chain containing over six and preferably not over five any substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic ring con carbon atoms, no hexavalent sulfur which is directly taining at least one sulfur or nitrogen atom in the ring. 3,888,822 3 4 The substituents e.g. -COOH or -OH upon the ring be hexavalent only if it is not directly connected to a should of course not contribute to flammability al carbon atom, and the compound contains no halogen though hydrogen and small amounts of carbon can be or phosphorous since halogen or phosphorous tends to: tolerated. The heterocyclic ring, exclusive of substitu degrade nylon and since it is believed that the presence, ents, contains from four through six atoms; and con of phosphorous and halogen tends to form toxic prod tains either sulfur or nitrogen, preferably both. Three ucts during combustion. Arsenic is also not used be membered rings are unsuitable and not included in that cause of possible toxic products. they are unstable. Examples of some preferred R radicals are -SH; Examples of suitable heterocyclic rings, Q, which -NRR4 wherein Ra and R are independently at each may be saturated or unsaturated, are: six membered 10 occurrence hydrogen or methyl; rings containing nitrogen including azine, diazine, tri azine, tetrazine and pentazine rings; six membered rings containing sulfur including dithiin and thiopyran -sals; als; : NH2 -i. liais: rings; six membered rings containing both nitrogen and sulfur including thiatriazine, thiadiazine, dithiadiazine, 15 dithiazine and thiazine rings; five membered rings con -se: -se: -sists -SCH3; taining nitrogen including azole, diazole, triazole and tetrazole rings; five membered rings containing sulfur -SCHa;-SCN; or -SM wherein M is an ion having including thiole and dithiole rings; five membered rings a single positive charge preferably selected from simple containing both nitrogen and sulfur including thiazole 20 or complex ions of ammonium, Li, Na, K, Cs, Mg, Sn, and thiadiazole rings; four membered rings containing Ni, Cu, Ti, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co., Zn and Al. As used nitrogen including azete, diazete and triazete rings; herein "complex ion' means an ion formed by the four membered rings containing sulfur including thie combination of an ion of one of the above listed metals tane rings and four membered rings containing both with another ion or with an atom or molecule. Exam sulfur and nitrogen including thiazete rings. 25 ples of complex ions contemplated by this invention Preferably Q is triazine, diazine, thiatriazine, thiadia are: "CaA, MgA, Sna, "Snas, NiA2, CuA, TiA, zine, triazole, diazole, thiazole and thiadiazole rings, TiA, ZrA, CrA, CrA, MnA, MinA, FeA, since the five and six membered rings are generally *Fea, CoA, CoA, ZnA, AIA, SnaD, NiD, more stable than the four membered rings and since the TiD, TiAD, “ZrAD, “CrD, “MnD, “FeD, “CoD, rings containing more nitrogen and sulfur atoms in rela 30 “AlD, “SnPO, TiPO, and ZrPO, where A indepen tion to the number of carbon atoms provide less fuel for dently at each occurrence is halogen, BO, or combustion. The heterocyclic rings containing both sulfur and ni trogen in themselves impart good flame resistance in S--(R2) accordance with this invention but may be even further 35 is: improved through the addition of appropriate substitu where Ri, R, n, m and Q are as defined herein; and ent groups R and R2.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Some Organometallic Reactions with Heterocyclic Compounds Justin Ward Diehl Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1959 Some organometallic reactions with heterocyclic compounds Justin Ward Diehl Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Diehl, Justin Ward, "Some organometallic reactions with heterocyclic compounds " (1959). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 2574. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/2574 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SOME ORGANOMETALLIC REACTIONS WITH HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS Justin Ward Diehl A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major Subject: Organic Chemistry Approved: Signature was redacted for privacy. Signature was redacted for privacy. Signature was redacted for privacy. D ! College Iowa State University Of Science and Technology Ames, Iowa 1959 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. HISTORICAL 4 A. Thlaxanthene Chemistry 4 1. Introduction 4 2. Thlaxanthene 6 3. 10-Thiaxanthenol 8 4. 10-Thlaxanthenone 9 B. Reactions of Organosllylmetalllc Reagents. 13 1. With carbonyls 13 2. In metalation reactions 15 3. With organic halldes 17 C. Aromatic Heterocyclic Silicon Systems. ... 23 1. Organosilanes containing heterocyclic groups 23 a. Furan. 23 b. Thiophene 24 c. Benzothiophene 26 d. Dibenzothiophene 26 e. Dibenzofuran 27 f. Benzothiazole 27 g.
    [Show full text]
  • Alder Reactions of [60]Fullerene with 1,2,4,5-Tetrazines and Additions to [60]Fullerene-Tetrazine Monoadducts
    University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Spring 2002 Diels -Alder reactions of [60]fullerene with 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and additions to [60]fullerene-tetrazine monoadducts Mark Christopher Tetreau University of New Hampshire, Durham Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation Tetreau, Mark Christopher, "Diels -Alder reactions of [60]fullerene with 1,2,4,5-tetrazines and additions to [60]fullerene-tetrazine monoadducts" (2002). Doctoral Dissertations. 81. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/81 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Cycloaddition
    molecules Review Review IndolizinesIndolizines andand TheirTheir Hetero/BenzoHetero/Benzo DerivativesDerivatives inin ReactionsReactions ofof [8+2][8+2] Cycloaddition EugeneEugene V.V. BabaevBabaev1,2,3, 1,2,3,** andand Ivan Ivan A. A.Shadrin Shadrin 1 1 11 ChemistryChemistry Department, Department, Moscow Moscow State State University, University, Leninskie Leninskie gory, Gory, 1 1 str.3, Str. 3, 119899 119899 Moscow, Moscow, Russia; Russia; [email protected]@gmail.com 22 HigherHigher School School of of Economics, Economics, National National Research Research University, University, 7 7 Vavilova Vavilova Str., 117312 Moscow, RussiaRussia 33 N.N. D. D. Zelinsky Zelinsky Institute Institute of of Or Organicganic Chemistry, Chemistry, Russian Russian Academy Academy of of Sciences, Sciences, 47 Leninsky Ave., 119991119991 Moscow, Moscow, Russia Russia ** Correspondence:Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected]; Tel.: Tel.: +7-985-997-94-75 +7-985-997-94-75 Abstract: PeculiaritiesPeculiarities ofof [8+2][8+2] cycloaddition of acetylenesacetylenes toto indolizinesindolizines areare reviewed.reviewed. EspeciallyEspecially mentioned are are indolizines indolizines with with leaving leaving groups groups at positions at positions 3 and 3 and 5. Cycloaddition 5. Cycloaddition to aza- to and aza- benzo and benzoderivatives derivatives are reviewed, are reviewed, as well as 1,10-cyclizations well as 1,10-cyclizations and processe ands processes leading to leading cyclazines to cyclazines where in- wheredolizines indolizines are intermediates. are intermediates. Mechanistic Mechanistic features features(adducts (adducts and cycloadducts) and cycloadducts) and theoretical and theoretical aspects aspects(one- or (one- two-steps or two-steps mechanism) mechanism) are reviewed. are reviewed. Keywords: indolizine; azaindolizines; benzoindolizines;benzoindolizines; cyclazine; [8+2] cycloaddition; mechanism; 1,10-cyclizations;1,10-cyclizations; catalystscatalysts 1.
    [Show full text]
  • WO 2008/084303 Al
    (12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (43) International Publication Date PCT (10) International Publication Number 17 July 2008 (17.07.2008) WO 2008/084303 Al (51) International Patent Classification: (US). SCHAUM, Robert, Philip [CA/US]; Pfizer Global C07D 471/04 (2006.01) A61P 3/10 (2006.01) Research and Development, 50 Pequot Avenue, New A61K 31/437 (2006.01) London, CT 06320 (US). (21) International Application Number: (74) Agent: FULLER, Grover, E ; c/o GEORGE, Nancy Mc- PCT/IB2007/003844 Graw, Pfizer Inc. MS8260-1615, Eastern point Road, Gro ton, CT 06340 (US). (22) International Filing Date: 3 December 2007 (03.12.2007) (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, (25) Filing Language: English AT,AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY, BZ, CA, CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, (26) Publication Language: English ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR, KZ, LA, LC, LK, (30) Priority Data: LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, 60/876,334 2 1 December 2006 (21.12.2006) US MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, 60/970,653 7 September 2007 (07.09.2007) US PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, SV, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, (71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): PFIZER ZM, ZW PRODUCTS INC.
    [Show full text]
  • Lnm- NWN-Mln Hunter, A
    Organometallics 1991, 10, 2141-2152 2141 iterations, X:wA2[w = ~/U(F~)~,A = (IFo( - (FC()3was minimized. Note Added in Proof. After submission of this paper, Bond lengths and angles are listed in Table I. Tables I1 and I11 extended Huckel calculations on a series of binuclear represent the atomic coordinates. Further details of data collection complexes of Zr(II1) exhibiting Zr-Zr distances ranging and refinement are represented in Table 1V.- from 3.05 to 4.25 A were carried out. These calculations Acknowledgment. We thank the Alexander von suggest the existence of "a substantial amount of Humboldt Foundation for a research grant (B.M.) and the through-space metal-metal interaction at distances larger Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for financial support than 3.5 A". This conclusion strongly supports ours, (Leibniz program, W.A.H.). thereby reinforcing it.% Supplementary Material Available: For 3 and 4, lists of bond lengths and angles, least-squares planes, atomic fractional (63) Kiprof, P.; Herdtweck, E.; Schmidt, R. E.; Birkhahn, M.; Maaaa, coordinates, and thermal parameters and ORTEP stereo plots (35 W. STRUX-11. A System of Computer Programs To Handle X-ray Dif- fraction Data, Technieche UniversitAt Mihchen, 1987, and Universitit pages); listings of observed and calculated structure factors (42 Marburg, 1978. pages). Ordering information is given on any current masthead (64) Frenz, B. A. ENRAF-NONIUSSDP-Plus Structure Determina- page. tion Package, version 4.0; Enraf-Nonius: Delft, Holland, 1988. (65) Keller, E. SCHAKAL. A Plot Program for Crystal Structure Illus- trations. University of Freiburg, 1988. (66) Rohmer, M.-M.; BBnard, M. Organometallics 1991, 10, 157.
    [Show full text]
  • MO STUDIES of SOME NONBENZENOID AROMATIC SYSTEMS Electrons
    MO STUDIESOFSOME NONBENZENOID AROMATIC SYSTEMS MIcL J. S. DEWAR Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA ABSTRACT A new version of(MINDO/3) of the MINDO semiempirical SCF MO method has been developed which seems to avoid the serious defects of earlier treat- ments. Very extensive tests show that it gives results at least comparable with those of the best ab initio SCF procedures at one-hundred-thousandth of the cost. Calculations are reported for the benzynes, for various cyclic polymethines, including (CH), (CH)3, (CH), (CH)4, (CH), (CH)5, (CH), (CI{), and (CH)18, for azulene and pentalene, for the cycloheptatriene—norcaradiene equilibrium, for spironoatetraene, for silabenzene, for a variety of poly- azines and polyazoles, and for various aromatic and potentially aromatic sulphur-containing compounds. INTRODUCTION While theoretical organic chemistry has long been based on the results of quantum mechanical treatments, in particular simplified versions of the molecular orbital (MO) method, these until recently have been too inaccurate to give results of more than qualitative significance. Many problems have therefore remained outside the scope of current theory since their solution depended on quantitative estimates of the relative energies of atoms and molecules. Recently it has become possible to carry out such quantitative calculations and the results are already proving of major chemical interest in a number of areas. The purpose of this lecture is to report some preliminary studies of this kind of various aromatic systems and problems connected with them. There is of course no question of obtaining accurate solutions of the Schrodinger equation for molecules large enough to be of chemical interest.
    [Show full text]
  • Non-Empirical Calculations on the Electronic Structure of Olefins and Aromatics
    NON-EMPIRICAL CALCULATIONS ON THE ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE OF OLEFINS AND AROMATICS by Robert H. Findlay, B.Sc. Thesis presented for the Degree of Doctor of philosophy University of Edinburgh December 1973 U N /),, cb CIV 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I Wish to express my gratitude to Dr. M.H. Palmer for his advice and encouragement during this period of study. I should also like to thank Professor J.I.G. Cadogan and Professor N. Campbell for the provision of facilities, and the Carnegie Institute for the Universities of Scotland for a Research Scholarship. SUMMARY Non-empirical, self-consistent field, molecular orbital calculations, with the atomic orbitals represented by linear combinations of Gaussian-type functions have been carried out on the ground state electronic structures of some nitrogen-, oxygen-, sulphur- and phosphorus-containing heterocycles. Some olefins and olefin derivatives have also been studied. Calculated values of properties have been compared with the appropriate experimental quantities, and in most cases the agreement is good, with linear relationships being established; these are found to have very small standard deviations. Extensions to molecules for which there is no experimental data have been made. In many cases it has been iôtrnd possible to relate the molecular orbitals to the simplest member of a series, or to the hydrocarbon analogue. Predictions of the preferred geometry of selected molecules have been made; these have been used to predict inversion barriers and reaction mechanisms. / / The extent of d-orbital participation in molecules containing second row atoms has been investigated and found to be of trivial importance except in molecules containing high valence states of the second row atoms.
    [Show full text]
  • Heterocyclic Chemistry at a Glance Other Titles Available in the Chemistry at a Glance Series
    Heterocyclic Chemistry at a Glance Other Titles Available in the Chemistry at a Glance series: Steroid Chemistry at a Glance Daniel Lednicer ISBN: 978-0-470-66084-3 Chemical Thermodynamics at a Glance H. Donald Brooke Jenkins ISBN: 978-1-4051-3997-7 Environmental Chemistry at a Glance Ian Pulford, Hugh Flowers ISBN: 978-1-4051-3532-0 Natural Product Chemistry at a Glance Stephen P. Stanforth ISBN: 978-1-4051-4562-6 The Periodic Table at a Glance Mike Beckett, Andy Platt ISBN: 978-1-4051-3299-2 Chemical Calculations at a Glance Paul Yates ISBN: 978-1-4051-1871-2 Organic Chemistry at a Glance Laurence M. Harwood, John E. McKendrick, Roger Whitehead ISBN: 978-0-86542-782-2 Stereochemistry at a Glance Jason Eames, Josephine M Peach ISBN: 978-0-632-05375-9 Reaction Mechanisms at a Glance: A Stepwise Approach to Problem-Solving in Organic Chemistry Mark G. Moloney ISBN: 978-0-632-05002-4 Heterocyclic Chemistry at a Glance Second Edition JOHN A. JOULE The School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, UK KEITH MILLS Independent Consultant, UK This edition fi rst published 2013 © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Registered offi ce John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, United Kingdom For details of our global editorial offi ces, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com. The right of the author to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • Template for Electronic Submission to ACS Journals
    This item is the archived peer-reviewed author-version of: Ligand-driven anion-π interaction-induced silver(I) coordination chemistry Reference: Safin Damir A., Robeyns Koen, Babashkina Maria G., Vande Velde Christophe, Filinchuk Yaroslav.- Ligand-driven anion-π interaction-induced silver(I) coordination chemistry Crystal growth & design - ISSN 1528-7483 - 16:7(2016), p. 3763-3770 Full text (Publishers DOI): http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.1021/ACS.CGD.6B00277 To cite this reference: http://hdl.handle.net/10067/1337140151162165141 Institutional repository IRUA Ligand-driven Anion–π Interaction-induced Silver(I) Coordination Chemistry Damir A. Safin,*† Koen Robeyns,† Maria G. Babashkina,† Christophe M. L. Vande Velde,‡ and Yaroslav Filinchuk† Dedicated to Professor Wolfgang Kaim on the Occasion of his 65th Birthday. †Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecules, Solids and Reactivity (IMCN/MOST), Université catholique de Louvain, Place L. Pasteur 1, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium ‡Faculty of Applied Engineering, Advanced Reactor Technology, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, BE-2660 Hoboken, Belgium ABSTRACT Three novel coordination compounds were successfully isolated using rare and poorly studied 5-phenyl-2,2'-bipyridine (LI) and completely unexplored 6-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2- II I yl)-1,2,4-triazine (L ) ligands with AgNO3, namely [Ag(L )2]NO3∙0.5H2O (1), I II [Ag(L )PPh3NO3]∙0.5CH2Cl2 (2) and [Ag2(L )2(H2O)2](NO3)2 (3). 1 can be converted into 2 upon reacting with PPh3, while no conversion was observed for 3. The formation of 3 was – templated through anion-π-system interactions between the NO3 anions and the electron deficient 1,2,4-triazine ring of LII, which play a crucial role in the supramolecular assembly.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomenclature of Heterocyclic Compounds
    Nomenclature of Heterocyclic Compounds Dr. Solomon Derese SCH 402 13 The IUPAC rules allow three nomenclatures. I. The Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature. II. Common Names III. The Replacement Nomenclature Dr. Solomon Derese SCH 402 14 I. Hantzsch-Widman Nomenclature n = 1,2,3, …… The Hantzsch-Widman nomenclature is based on the type (Z) of the heteroatom; the ring size (n) and nature of the ring, whether it is saturated or unsaturated . This system of nomenclature applies to monocyclic three-to-ten-membered ring heterocycles. Dr. Solomon Derese SCH 402 15 I. Type of the heteroatom The type of heteroatom is indicated by a prefix as shown below for common hetreroatoms: Hetreroatom Prefix O Oxa N Aza S Thia P Phospha Dr. Solomon Derese SCH 402 16 II. Ring size (n) The ring size is indicated by a suffix according to Table I below. Some of the syllables are derived from Latin numerals, namely ir from tri, et from tetra, ep from hepta, oc from octa, on from nona, ec from deca. Table I: Stems to indicate the ring size of heterocycles Ring size Suffix Ring size Suffix 3 ir 7 ep 4 et 8 oc 5 ol 9 on Dr. Solomon Derese6 in SCH 40210 ec 17 The endings indicate the size and degree of unsaturation of the ring. Table II: Stems to indicate the ring size and degree of unsaturation of heterocycles Ring size Saturated Unsaturated Saturated (With Nitrogen) 3 -irane -irine -iridine 4 -etane -ete -etidine 5 -olane -ole -olidine 6 -inane -ine 7 -epane -epine 8 -ocane -ocine 9 -onane -onine 10 -ecane -ecine Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Features of Excited States Density Matrix Calculation And
    Some Features of Excited States Density Matrix Calculation and Their Pairing Relations in Conjugated Systems Myriam Segre de Giambiagi and Mario Giambiagi Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Fisieas, CBPF/CNPq, Rio de Janeiro, RJ-Brasil Z. Naturforsch. 38 a, 595-600 (1983); received February 8, 1983 Direct PPP-type calculations of self-consistent (SC) density matrices for excited states are described and the corresponding "thawn" molecular orbitals (MO) are discussed. Special atten- tion is addressed to particular solutions arising in conjugated systems of a certain symmetry, and to their chemical implications. The U(2) and (7(3) algebras are applied, respectively, to the 4- electron and 6-electron cases; a natural separation of excited states in different cases follows. A simple approach to the convergence problem for excited states is given. The complementarity relations, an alternative formulation of the pairing theorem valid for heteromolecules and non- alternant systems, allow some fruitful experimental applications. Together with the extended pairing relations shown here, they may help to rationalize general trends. 1. Introduction soon as the "frozen" scheme is loosened [13, 14], for they are functions of the specific state. On the other SCF methods confront substantial difFiculties hand, Mehrotra and Hoffmann [15] have set forth when dealing rigorously with excited states [1 — 3], an attractive way of recovering the primitive signifi- and much interesting work was done with the cance of the Mulliken-Walsh diagrams. They pro- simpler methods ([4], p. 106). Methods involving pose an "average state" (resembling Hall's reference different degrees of sophistication have been pro- state) as a compromise between all the electronic posed in order to overcome the problem that the states of a molecule taken "in a democratic fashion", excited state functions are usually not orthogonal to their tempered orbital energies being quite appeal- the ground state functions [5 — 7], ing.
    [Show full text]
  • (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,168.212 B2 12 N
    USOO81 68212B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,168.212 B2 Ptchelintsev et al. (45) Date of Patent: May 1, 2012 (54) TOPICAL COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING (52) U.S. Cl. ........................................ 424/401: 514/439 NON-PROTEOGENICAMINOACDS AND (58) Field of Classification Search .................. 424/401; METHODS OF TREATING SKIN 5147439 See application file for complete search history. (75) Inventors: Dmitri S. Pitchelintsev, Jersey City, NJ (US); Laurence Dryer, Long Beach, CA (56) References Cited (US); Xiaochun Luo, New City, NY (US) U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 5, 122,514 A 6/1992 Boger et al. (73) Assignee: Avon Products, Inc., New York, NY 5,508,295 A 4/1996 Hanson et al. (US) 5,851,994 A 12/1998 Schreiber et al. 6,267,978 B1* 7/2001 Sang et al. .................... 424/401 *) NotOt1Ce: Subjubject to anyy d1Sclaimer,disclai theh term off thisthi 2005, 0188427 A1 8, 2005 Li et al. patent is extended or adjusted under 35 FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days. WO 2007/056464 A1 5/2007 (21) Appl. No.: 12/747,272 OTHER PUBLICATIONS Jones et al (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1950, 72 (10), pp. 4526-4529).* (22) PCT Filed: Nov. 14, 2008 Noblesse et al., “Lysyl Oxidase-Like and Lysyl Oxidase are present in the Dermis and Epidermis...”. J. Invest Dermatol. Mar. 2004; 122 (86). PCT No.: PCT/US2O08/083490 (3):621-30. Kiety et al., Elastic fibres; J. Cell Sci., Jul. 15, 2002; 115 (Pt 14):2817 S371 (c)(1), 28. (2), (4) Date: Jun. 10, 2010 (Continued) (87) PCT Pub.
    [Show full text]