On Safe Ground

On safe ground MAGAZINE 2016 Welcome to the Content world of NGI Welcome to the world of NGI 2 Content 3 Building, Construction and Transportation 4 In 2016, NGI was involved in more than 1000 exciting projects and The Research Council of Norway. We have had a steady - Challenging ground conditions for the new both at home and abroad. From large, international and very increase in the number of employees with roughly 4 percent government building complex in Oslo high profile projects costing in the millions, to smaller projects every year since the early 90’s. Having hired 17 new full time - Geotechnical engineering for E6 Helgeland Nord that help to make a difference for our clients, partners and employees in 2016, we are now 230 employees in Norway at - New Ringeriksbanen and E16 will cut travel time collaborators. the start of 2017. - NGTS – Norwegian Geo-Test Sites

2016 continued to be a challenging year for the offshore oil This magazine presents NGI and our market areas. It gives Offshore Energy 8 and gas market. At the same time, NGI experienced a signifi- a taster of the kind of tasks, research projects and issues we - Better understanding of the forces on the seabed cant increase in activity towards the European offshore wind have solved for our clients and partners in 2016. Enjoy! - Groundbreaking work 150 meters below sea level market. Our significant experience in foundations for offshore - More knowledge means safer carbon storage structures give us sought-after competence and knowledge. Lars Andresen - Living on safe ground in the North Sea Among other things, a partnership with DONG Energy on their CEO Environmental Engineering 12 extensive offshore wind project at Borkum Riffgrund II in the German sector of the North Sea got under way in 2016. - Popular course in environmental sampling - Combating the long-term effects of firefighting We are particularly proud of our involvement at the site for FACTS ABOUT NGI - All set for a cleaner morning swim in the port Norway’s new government building complex, providing solu- - How do chemicals affect our water? NGI is Norway’s largest geotechnical specialist tions for the challenging soil conditions the entrepreneurs are Natural Hazards 16 facing. We are also proud of our innovation project IMIRO, community and a leading centre of research and which has been granted funding from The Research Council consultancy in engineering-related geosciences. - A fatal quick clay landslide called for expert assistance of Norway, together with Kjeller Innovasjon. It is also worth We work within the fields of Offshore Energy; - How to secure the Flåmsbanen railway? noting a couple of other research projects, namely Norwegian Building, Construction and Transportation; - Radar monitoring of rock slopes along the E 16 Geo-Test Site (NGTS) and Klima 2050 which we are conduct- Natural Hazards; and Environmental Engineering. - GRAM – when R&D can reduce the loss of life ing in close cooperation with a number of reputable partners NGI was formally established as a research Expertise 20 in Norway and abroad. The latter two projects will uncover institute on 1. January 1953, and in 1985 turned Diversity 21 new knowledge as to how better manage and mitigate risks into an independent, private commercial foun- from natural hazards in an increasingly wetter climate. dation. Our head office and laboratories are in International outlook 22 Oslo, Norway, with a branch office in Trondheim, Report from the Board of Directors 24 NGI’s geotechnical expertise is in demand in many parts of Norway, and an avalanche research station the world – from Bhutan to Bodø. In 2016, our office in Perth, on Mount Strynefjellet in western Norway. In Accounts 26 Western Australia, celebrated its second anniversary and addition, we have subsidiaries in Houston, Key Figures 27 moved into new premises in Perth’s Central Business District. Texas, USA, and in Perth, Western Australia, as well With the acquisition of a well-regarded laboratory in the as partnership agreements with well-established autumn of 2016, NGI’s office in Houston, Texas, enhanced companies around the world. NGI MAGAZINE / CONTACT its ability to provide geotechnical expertise and surveys for At NGI we practise applied research, which means our clients on the American continent. Our new partnerships that our results must be relevant and adopted by and MoUs with educational and research institutions in 2016 the market, as well as benefiting society, industry Nicholas Lundgard ensure that NGI will continue to have a broad network of and the public at large. Head of Communication contacts all over the globe. E [email protected] We are a recognized fulcrum for the public, technical M +47 904 71 442 NGI delivers applicable knowledge and research results of experts and academics in Norway, and a leading the highest quality, generating international attention. We international centre of expertise within geotechnical value, encourage and prioritize constant development of the engineering. Through our extensive research and Published by NGI, 6 April 2017 / Editor: Nicholas Lundgard expert advice, NGI helps to ensure that we can all Design: NGI / Printed by: Konsis Grafisk individual employee. As such, six of our employees at NGI are Cover Photo: Damian Heinisch currently committed to a PhD programme financed by NGI live, build and travel on safe ground. Photo of NGI Board of Directors p. 25-26: Rasmus Kongsøre / Ole Walter Jacobsen Portrait photos : Ole Walter Jacobsen / NGI Photo p. 6: SkyTEM, Photo p. 11: Statoil

2 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 3 NGI Building, construction and transportation

NGI plays an important role in several of Norway’s significant infrastructure projects. In 2016, 46 percent of the total turnover was related to the division for Building, construction and transportation.

Challenging ground conditions for the new government building complex in Oslo The new E6 Helgeland

TIMEFRAME | 2013 - 2016 Nord road will be wider LOCATION | OSLO, NORWAY and straighter, reducing the PROJECT MANAGER | ARNSTEIN AARSET PARTNERS | STATSBYGG, RAMBØLL number of traffic accidents.

NGI was the responsible geotechnical consultant during environmental issues, identification of alum slate for deposit 2013-2016 for the ground works and foundations for the classification purposes, and sealants to limit chemical reac- brand new government building complex. tions in the alum slate.

NGI provided advisory services in geotechnics and engineer- NGI played a key role throughout the construction phase. ing geology, from the pre-engineering phase to completion of At any given time, three to four of NGI’s experts were on the ground works and foundations. Statsbygg, the Norwegian site full time, following up on the geotechnical issues. Government’s property manager, is the construction client, and NGI’s work was done as a subcontractor to Rambøll. NGI designed and worked out the tender documentation in close cooperation with Rambøll, and followed up for contracts within the following areas: Geotechnical engineering for E6 Helgeland Nord Pre-engineering phase: • Characterization and mapping of neighbouring buildings. TIMEFRAME | 2015 - 2019 • Settlement monitoring. LOCATION | HELGELAND, NORWAY • Vibration measurements. PROJECT MANAGER | ALF KRISTIAN LUND PARTNERS | AAS-JACOBSEN, HÆHRE ENTREPRENØR AS • Geotechnical site investigations and groundwater level control. • Pipe and sheet pile walls, and securing workspace in existing Helgeland Nord is the first of three road construction projects The current and existing road is narrow and winding, with rock caverns. to be implemented in Nordland County, Norway. Together, limited capacity, frost-heave problems and frequent cross- they will constitute the new E6 running through the Helge- roads, which lead to inefficient transportation and heavy Ground works contracts: land region. The 62 kilometres of new road present a number financial costs. There have been a number of traffic acci- • Blasting and clearing open excavations. of geotechnical challenges. dents; as many as 40 a year on average for the E6 Helgeland • Stability improvement and securing – bolting, tieback anchors and reinforced sprayed concrete, etc. as a whole, several of which have been fatal. • Water sealing, pre- and post-injection and membrane. NGI’s office in Trondheim is providing geotechnical • Demolition of concrete structures in existing rock caverns. engineering for the project. NGI’s contract partner is Aas- The Helgeland Nord project involves the relocation of 3 • Profile extension of tunnels in existing caverns. Jakobsen Trondheim AS, the main engineering consultant 3 million m of soil, 1 tunnel and 23 structures. One of these • Drill and blast of new rock cavern in conjunction with for Hæhre Entreprenør AS. is Langvassåga, a bridge with three spans to be supported existing cavern. on solid rock, steel pipe foundations and friction-based • Boring pipe walls and mounting cushions and anchors. Hæhre Entreprenør is responsible for engineering, building steel pipes respectively. and operating the road for the first 15 years. The contract The bedrock on the building site mainly consists of black shale The ground conditions have is the first of its kind with the Norwegian Public Roads There are also geotechnical challenges connected with and alum slate, making the ground works very challenging. been particularly demanding as Administration and is worth more than NOK 1.9 billion. road cuts and fills. The largest road cut through soil is 45 Special consideration had to be given to rock stability, the building site mainly consists Construction will take place during 2015-2019. metres deep. of black shale and alum slate.

4 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 5 NGTS – Norwegian Geo-Test Sites

TIMEFRAME | 2016 - 2018 LOCATION | ØSTFOLD AND TRONDHEIM, NORWAY, AND SVALBARD/SPITSBERGEN PROJECT MANAGER | JEAN-SÉBASTIEN L’HEUREUX PARTNERS | NTNU, SINTEF, UNIS, THE NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION

The R&D infrastructure programme Norwegian Geo-Test available for use in developing and improving geotechnical Sites (NGTS) consists of five national test sites. These and foundation engineering methods, as well as increasing sites will be located in eastern Norway and in Trondheim, the general level of expertise within the industry. plus one on Svalbard. The Research Council of Norway is funding the research project in 2016-2019. NGTS will be national in character, with comprehensive cooperation between the various Norwegian geotechnical en- The NGTS research consortium is led by NGI and includes gineering communities, as well as involving wide and extended NTNU, SINTEF/UNIS on Svalbard and the Norwegian cooperation with leading international geotechnical experts. Public Roads Administration. The test sites will be used as field laboratories for development, testing and verifica- The test sites will be operational for at least 20 years to tion of new innovative methods for site investigations and come. The outcome from the test sites will contribute to testing procedures. The five test sites have been chosen the development of more cost-effective and sustainable as representative of specific soil types, including soft clay, solutions for the building and construction sector, as well as quick clay, silt, sand and permafrost (frozen soil). the transportation and energy sector. The project will also contribute to reducing the risks caused by climate change, NGI has carried out a number At the end of the project period, the test sites will serve floods and landslides. as reference areas, which can be used by industry, public of geotechnical and geophysical and private developers, research institutes and academia surveys, including AEM for benchmarking. Data generated at the test sites will be The field laboratories will be (Airborne Electromagnetic New Ringeriksbanen and used for testing and verification Measurements) by helicopter. E16 will cut travel time of new innovative methods for site investigations. TIMEFRAME | 2016 - 2017 LOCATION | RINGERIKE, NORWAY PROJECT MANAGER | GURO GRØNENG PARTNERS | AAS-JAKOBSEN AS, SkyTEM

New rail and road links between Sandvika and Hønefoss will The road and railway stretch between Sundvolden and significantly shorten the travel time between Oslo and Bergen. Bymoen, are planned to go through rocky tunnels on large parts of the line. However, open excavation pits, set in Zoning and detailed planning for the new road and railway lines several hundred meters of clay, are also being planned for in are to be completed during 2017. Ringeriksbanen will shorten parts of the project. the travel time by train on the Bergen line by nearly one hour. A new four-lane highway, the E16, will also be constructed. Enormous marine clay deposits in an area near Hønefoss Together with the double track railway this will connect the present big geotechnical challenges related to the stability Ringerike region with the Oslo region, enabling a more cohe- of the terrain, terrain walls, high cuts and fills. sive area to live and work in.

NGI is engaged as a subcontractor to Aas-Jakobsen AS, who is one of three main consultants in the newly established joint venture NAA AS (Norconsult, Asplan Viak and Aas-Jacobsen). BUILDING, CONSTRUCTION AND TRANSPORTATION / CONTACTS NGI is responsible for geotechnical and engineering related geology project work on two of the five stretches of rail Magnus Rømoen Kristoffer Kåsin Roger Olsson and road between Sandvika and Hønefoss; Sundvolden to Head of Section Head of Section Technical Director Bymoen and Styggedalen to Hønefoss/Ve. NGI has also Guro Grøneng Onshore Foundations Field Investigations Building, Construction Director and Transportation conducted site investigation surveys, using both AEM Building, (Airborne ElectroMagnetics) from a helicopter, Electrical Construction and Elin Katrine Morgan Vidar Gjelsvik Transportation Head of Section Head of Section Resistivity Tomography (ERT), as well as traditional ground Rock Engineering Geotechnics and Natural Hazards Trondheim surveys for site investigations. Sundvolden seen from the south, the railway on the right, E16 bridge to the left.

6 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 7 ”Tailor-made to stabilize 67 tons of mercury and a submarine wreck.” NGI Offshore energy NGI is an internationally sought after geotechnical consultant for the offshore industry in connec- tion with the development and operation of offshore fields. Over the last couple of years, NGI has completed a number of challenging projects related to the foundation of offshore wind turbine parks. 25 per cent of NGI’s total activity in 2016 was related to the division for Offshore energy.

Better understanding of the forces on the seabed Groundbreaking work 150 TIMEFRAME | 2015 - 2016 LOCATION | SOUTH-KOREA AND NORWAY PROJECT MANAGER | YUNSUP SHIN meters below sea level PARTNERS | DSME, SOUTH KOREA; KRISO, SOUTH-KOREA TIMEFRAME | 2015 - 2016 LOCATION | ISLAND OF FEDJE, HORDALAND, NORWAY For decades, NGI has been working on advanced calculations PROJECT MANAGER | AUDUN HAUGE contributing to secure foundation of offshore structures on PARTNERS | THE NORWEGIAN COASTAL ADMINISTRATION, DNV-GL, VAN OORD, NIVA the seabed. In an R&D project, experts at NGI’s section for Computational Geomechanics have further developed the In the early summer of 2016, the Norwegian Coastal Adminis- expertise related to foundations on the seabed. The R&D tration carried out a demanding operation on the seabed near project deals with the processes that affect structures on the the island of Fedje near Bergen, off the west coast of Norway. ocean floor, such as sedimentation, sediment transport and The operation was part of an effort to protect the wreck of the sediment scouring. sunken German submarine, U-864. In 1945, in the final phase The most comprehensive monitoring of the Second World War, the British Navy torpedoed the system ever developed for an under- A whole series of natural processes, involving fluid flow and German submarine as it was making its way to Japan, carrying mechanics, are affected when a wind turbine, drilling rig or water operation in Norway. 3D image of the flow conditions around a about 67 tons of mercury and war materiel in its hull. any other structure is placed on the seabed. Tidal currents, vertical structure on the seabed. ocean currents and wave movements vary and change around Geotechnical surveys revealed that the ocean floor at the site the structures on the seabed, and new whirls and eddy was unstable. The wreck had split in two; the bow resting In addition, NIVA (Norwegian Institute for Water Research) currents and patterns occur. Thus, small sediments are in unsteadily on a slope with the risk of sliding deeper into the carried out monitoring for possible leaks and contamination. motion and scrub on surfaces, which could lead to a leaching Shear stress distribution along the seabed. sea, with possible mercury contamination. In order to stabi- of sediments, so-called scouring, around the foundations on lize the seabed and secure the bow from sliding during the The Norwegian Coastal Administration described the instru- the ocean floor. subsequent mitigation measures, the task at hand was to ments and the equipment as the most comprehensive moni- build an embankment support seven metres high below the toring system ever developed for an underwater operation in In 2016, NGI performed detailed numerical analysis’ to achieve wreck of the bow. Norway. The Dutch contractor Van Oord built the embank- a better understanding of the mechanisms that affect the local ment. While the construction work was in progress, data flow field, wear and tear, and leaching. Computational Fluid NGI was commissioned to measure and monitor: from all the monitoring and instrumentation systems con- Dynamics (CFD), as this area of expertise is called, requires 1. Pore pressure in the seabed underneath the embankment. tinuously transmitted measurements to a surface vessel. The a tremendous amount of computer capacity. The research 2. Real-time movements in the submarine hull during con- construction work would have been stopped immediately, project and the newly acquired knowledge, will contribute struction of the embankment. should the predefined limits and values been exceeded. to more targeted mitigations to counter leaching and scouring 3. Settlement in the embankment after completion. on the seabed, helping to reduce the need for monitoring Everything went according to plan. The submarine wreck and repairs. This will also cut the costs of foundation engi- Nothing similar had ever been carried out before, making the maintained a stable position during the construction of the neering for offshore wind . task even more challenging. NGI tailored instrumentation embankment, and no leaks or spreading of mercury were solutions for placing pressure gauges on the seabed under the registered. Changes in pore pressure under the embankment embankment. Specially designed motion sensors were also have been in accordance with the geotechnical analysis and When a wind turbine is placed on the developed together with a method for placing and securing predictions. The innovative instrumentation solutions will be seabed, it affects a whole series of the sensors on the submarine hull. When the embankment of great importance when it comes to deciding when to initi- natural processes involving fluid flow. was in place, sensors were placed on top of the embankment ate the next phase of the efforts to secure the wreck of the to monitor and measure settlement over time. U-864 on a more permanent basis.

8 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 9 More knowledge means safer carbon storage

TIMEFRAME | 2015 - 2018 LOCATION | UTAH, USA PROJECT MANAGER | ELIN SKURTVEIT PARTNERS | THE UNIVERSITY OF OSLO AND UNI RESEARCH AND SEVERAL UNIVERSITIES IN USA

Through field inspections and extensive studies of sample material from the bedrock in Utah, USA, NGI is helping to increase the general understanding of how CO2 leaks can occur, thus ensuring safer CO2 storage underground. The research project is named “COPASS-CO2 seal bypass system”.

It is important to understand where and how the CO2 is naturally stored in the geological formation and how it moves in the ground, in order to achieve safe storage of A jack-up rig will be living quarters CO2 elsewhere. In the rock samples and material from Utah, leakage paths can be determined based on colour during the first phase of the Johan changes in red sand and siltstone. This makes it possible to Living on safe ground Sverdrup project in the North Sea. detect a system of reservoirs and leakage paths. Together ”Safe storage of CO2 with general mapping of the geology and faulting, this will in the North Sea contribute to a greater understanding of the processes that cause leaks. is about being able TIMEFRAME | 2015 - 2016 LOCATION | JOHAN SVERDRUP, THE NORTH SEA The samples and material from the field is measured using to identify where PROJECT MANAGER | KNUT SCHRØDER new equipment at the NGI lab, in order to guage the flow PARTNERS | STATOIL, SEMAR, GustoMSC in the cracks. Among other things, CT scanning is used for detailed mapping of the crack openings. leaks can occur.” HAVEN is the name of a jack-up rig, which will function technology from a variety of previous offshore installations as living quarters for workers during the first phase of the in which NGI was involved, e.g. Troll A and Snorre TLP. NGI is heading a subproject under COPASS R&D, focusing Johan Sverdrup project in the North Sea. The rig must be on geomechanics. The aim of the subproject, in which three equipped with specially designed foundations in order to pro- On behalf of Master Marin, NGI has analysed and calculated masters students are involved, is to develop relevant geome- vide the necessary load capacity and rigidity in the structure. the installation resistance, the size of the base area, the chanical models. skirt depth needed, and the necessary rigidity required for Each of the four foundations will have a base area of approxi- the foundation. All this is important input when it comes The University of Oslo leads the R&D project COPASS. NGI mately 420 m2 and be equipped with deep steel skirts that to upgrading the rig legs. and UNI Research are partners together with the interna- will penetrate 18 metres into the silt and clay of the seabed. tional project partners at several American universities. The The base is divided into three circular chambers to give the The foundations must be fitted with a variety of instrumen- CLIMIT programme funds COPASS. CLIMIT is a collabora- skirt system the necessary structural rigidity. tation to ensure and monitor correct installation. Proper tive programme between the Research Council of Norway instrumentation is also vital for documenting that the and Gassnova for research into CO2 capture and storage. The required penetration depth is achieved by a combina- defined requirements for the installation will be met. During tion of the weight of the rig and pumping out the water the comprehensive process of planning this instrumentation, A new CO2 centre will continue the work from the research from the chambers, creating negative pressure, making the NGI has contributed with recommendations, based on many projects: Sintef Energy heads the FME NCCS (Research skirt system penetrate into the seabed. This is a well-known years of experience from similar offshore assignments. Centre for Environment-friendly Energy – Norwegian CCS Research Centre). NGI is responsible for part of this project, which aims to reduce operational risk. The knowledge from COPASS and FME NCCS will be of great importance OFFSHORE ENERGY / CONTACTS for future work on risk assessment of CO2 storage on the Norwegian continental shelf. Thomas Langford Karin M. Norén-Cosgriff Lars Grande Head of Section Head of Section Head of Section Karl Henrik Offshore Geotechnics Computational Petroleum Geomechanics The project contributes to the Mokkelbost Geomechanics (CGM) and Geophysics (PGG) Director risk assessment of CO2 storage Offshore Energy Dag Tollefsrud Morten Andreas Sjursen Hans Petter Jostad Head of Section Head of Section Technical Director the Norwegian continental shelf. Instrumentation and Laboratory and Model Computational Monitoring Testing Geomechanics (CGM)

10 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 11 NGI Environmental engineering

NGI identifies solutions and assists the authorities and the industry in the clean-up of contaminated soil, rocks, sediments and groundwater. 14 percent of NGI’s total activity in 2016 was related to the division for Environmental engineering. In addition, there were many environmental engineering aspects related to projects in the division for Building, construction and transportation.

Popular course in environmental sampling

TIMEFRAME | 2016 LOCATION | OSLO, NORWAY PROJECT MANAGER | ANNE KIBSGAARD, MARION BØRRESEN AND ÅSE HØISÆTER PARTNERS | MILJØRINGEN, NORWEGIAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY Combating the long-term effects of firefighting

TIMEFRAME | 2015 - ONGOING The assessment and handling of contaminated soil and Certified analytical laboratories and the Norwegian Envi- LOCATION | OSLO AIRPORT, GARDERMOEN (OSL), NORWAY sediments has long been a priority for NGI. In 2016, we ronment Agency provided lecturers, in addition to NGI staff. PROJECT MANAGER | ÅSE HØISÆTER were once again asked by Miljøringen (Norwegian Network Field equipment and sampling methods were demonstrated PARTNERS | OSL, NORWEGIAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY for Contaminated Soil and Sediments) to lead a course in on site, and the participants performed practical tasks. The environmental sampling. The course primarily focused on feedback from both participants and Miljøringen have been Oslo Airport Gardermoen, OSL, has several environmen- NGI also participates in an expert group appointed by the investigating, managing and monitoring contamination in entirely positive. tal challenges. One of them involves contaminated soil Norwegian Defence Estates Agency, which faces similar relation to building and construction projects. and groundwater resulting from past use of firefighting challenges at military fire and flammability field-testing sites. NGI held similar courses for Miljøringen in 2013 and 2014. foam containing PFOS. PFOS (Perfluorooctane sulfonate) Three courses with 90 participants from local authorities, Several courses on risk assessment of contaminated are synthetic compounds used in a number of industrial Together with national and international research insti- public sector ‘problem owners’, construction companies and sediments have been conducted together with NIVA, the products, as well as to protect against fire. The use of PFOS tutions, NGI was awarded special funding as part of the waste handling facilities were conducted. The Norwegian Norwegian Institute for Water Research. NGI aims to con- was banned in 2007, but remain a problem because the Research Council of Norway’s MILJØFORSK programme Environment Agency funded the courses. tribute to a higher level of environmental awareness and compounds are very stable, degrade slowly and accumulate in the autumn of 2016. The funding will go towards knowledge in companies and society as a whole. in the environment. advanced research on the long-term effects of PFAS and PFOS, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, on the environ- Together with OSL, NGI has carried out research in order ment and human health. to increase knowledge of the nature of PFOS and similar compounds. The aim is to develop efficient measures and NGI will lead this research project for a five-year period solutions. To this end, NGI has done comprehensive labo- starting in 2017. ratory and field testing. New sampling methods have also been developed and implemented. PFOS was banned in 2007, but is not degradable and accumulates in nature.

NGI wants to contribute to increased environmental awareness and environmental knowledge in companies and society in general.

12 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 13 It is an aim to define the criteria for the contamination of raw water.

”Nothing fishy How do chemicals about this water!” affect our water?

TIMEFRAME | 2016 - 2018 LOCATION | EUROPE PROJECT MANAGER | SARAH HALE / HANS PETER ARP PARTNERS | UMWELTBUNDESAMT, DENKBARES

Modern societies depend on the use of chemicals for a number All set for a cleaner morning swim in the port of purposes, such as manufacturing, agriculture and fighting TIMEFRAME | 2015 - 2016 bacteria. However, it is not clear how these substances affect LOCATION | PORT OF TRONDHEIM, NORWAY our water resources. PROJECT MANAGER | MARI MOSEID PARTNERS | NORWEGIAN ENVIRONMENT AGENCY, PORT OF TRONDHEIM, THE CITY OF TRONDHEIM Over the next three years, NGI will lead projects related to the REACH legislation (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of CHemicals). One of the main purposes is The seabed in the Port of Trondheim was heavily contaminated The project was made further complex as the clean-up to identify the effects of chemicals on raw water, and to as- as a result of industrial waste and sewage discharged by pre- could not afford to jeopardize existing buildings located sess the risks, in order to make new guidelines for handling vious generations. Something had to be done as organisms close to the landside. There was a great deal of infrastruc- chemicals. Raw water is natural untreated water found in the and maritime traffic were dispersing heavy metals and other ture to take into consideration. The construction work environment which is transformed into drinking water. Raw environmental toxins in the sediments on the seabed. was also demanding, as heavy equipment and machinery water includes rainwater, groundwater and water from lakes had to be transported across ground that rested on old, and rivers. NGI has been dealing with issues related to polluted sedi- weak canal walls. ments in the port of Trondheim since 2006. In 2011-2013, It is a first for NGI to be involved in a major European Union NGI conducted an assignment for the municipality, which In addition to stabilization of the wharf facilities, (EU) regulation of environmental contamination. The project included pilot studies with various combinations of capping 75,000 m3 of contaminated soil were excavated and is funded by Umweltbundesamt, the German environment material for contaminated sediments. approximately 400,000 m2 of new seabed were laid, the agency, as is a collaboration between NGI, Umweltbundesamt equivalent of around 55 football pitches. The seabed now and consultants Denkbares GmbH. The Cleaner Ports project, which begun in 2015, was an inter- consists of clean, crushed limestone that prevents environ- effects of chemical substances on the environment. Another disciplinary project financed by the Norwegian Environment mental toxins from dispersing further into the food chain. aim will be to boost understanding of the role of REACH as REACH is an EU approved regulation for chemicals, which Agency, the Port of Trondheim and the City of Trondheim. an EU regulation. aims to reduce the risk and improve protection against the use When the refurbished and clean port facility opened in of chemical agents, while enhancing the competitiveness of Environmental advisers and geotechnicians from NGI June 2016, the director for the Norwegian Environment NGI plans to organize workshops for representatives of the EU chemical industry at the same time. designed the measures to counter the contamination, Agency, Mrs. Ellen Hambro, took a dive and a morning European REACH-registered chemical companies, providers most importantly covering contaminated soil, as well as swim in the port, declaring it open, thus giving the quality of drinking water, water research institutes, government So far, REACH does not have adequate criteria for evaluation dredging the seabed in the Ilsvika, Kanalen, Brattørbassenget of the water her seal of approval. environment agencies and ECHA (European CHemicals of the potential risks a chemical can pose to raw water. One of and Nyhavna areas. Agency). The overall aim is to produce a full list of REACH- the main goals for NGI is to define these criteria. registered chemicals that pose a threat to raw water.

NGI will continue the work done by Umweltbundesamt. The new knowledge will be of use in the work done by the One important aspect will be to model the physical-chemical Norwegian Environment Agency.

ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING / CONTACTS

Arne Pettersen Marianne Kvennås Head of Section Head of Section Anne Kibsgaard Water and Resources Environmental dept. Director Trondheim The seabed consists of pure, crushed Environmental Engineering Paul Sverdrup Cappelen Gijs Breedveld limestone that prevents pollutants from Head of Section Technical Director Contaminants and Environmental spreading further into the food chain. Land Use Engineering

14 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 15 NGI Natural hazards

NGI assesses the risk of landslides, rock fall and avalanches, and assists the industry, the authorities, police and land owners to manage emergencies and prepare protective and other risk-reducing measures. 15 percent of NGI’s total activity in 2016 related to the division for Natural Hazards.

A fatal quick clay landslide called for expert assistance

TIMEFRAME | 2016 LOCATION | SØRUM, NORWAY PROJECT MANAGER | BJØRN KALSNES PARTNERS | THE NORWEGIAN WATER RESOURCES AND ENERGY DIRECTORATE (NVE), SØRUM MUNICIAPALITY BaneNOR conducts When a deadly landslide hit a group of workers outside Oslo, The initial landslide pit measured approximately 150 by 200 regular surveys of Norway, on 10 November 2016, NGI’s natural hazard experts metres. Massive amounts of clay were set in motion and avalanche danger. were immediately asked to support the local authorities. The flowed several hundred metres across the fields, crossed How to secure the police, fire brigade and municipal officers in Sørum were in a road and continued more than a kilometre along a small urgent need of assistance with safety issues and protecting river. This resulted in creeks and seepage paths being Flåmsbanen railway? the affected area. blocked, greatly increasing the risk of flooding. A potential TIMEFRAME | 2016 - 2017 increase in the erosion of slopes containing quick clay also LOCATION | FLÅM-MYRDAL, NORWAY NGI’s first task was to help organize the rescue operation. had to be closely monitored and evaluated. PROJECT MANAGER | VIDAR KVELDSVIK Three of the workers had disappeared in the landslide and PARTNERS | Bane NOR there were no eyewitnesses. How could they be located The Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate without putting the rescue teams at further risk? The urgent (NVE), arrived at the site quickly and began work on bring- Flåmsbanen, or the Flåm Line, is one of the world’s steepest consequences in the event of derailment. The consequences need for risk evaluation of the surrounding areas, including ing the displaced soil under control. The trapped water had railway lines. It runs between Myrdal station on the Bergen would depend on visibility, speed, accessibility in the event neighbouring houses and infrastructure, was also a job for to be channelled away, and NGI helped find the best and Line (867 metres above sea level) and Flåm, at the inner end of of an accident, the height and steepness of the slope, and the NGI experts. safest ways of doing this. NGI also assessed the landslide the Aurlandsfjord. The line has over 20 tunnels and runs past whether there is water in the base of the slope or not. The risk for neighbouring areas and performed site investiga- steep mountain slopes and waterfalls. train speed is very low, enabling the trains to stop before The rescue operation was extremely demanding. On the tions over an extended period. running into possible slides across the tracks. day following the accident, NGI used drones to obtain In 2016, NGI’s assignment for the Norwegian National Rail an overview and create terrain models of the changed NGI assisted the police in its investigations into the causes Administration (Bane NOR) was to assess the danger of NGI identified a total of 70 points and stretches that are prone landscape. Historical data, old and new maps, and observa- of the fatal quick clay landslide. The landslide in Sørum landslides along the entire stretch of railway, as well as to to rockfalls and slides with an annual probability greater than tions from helicopter and the ground, proved useful when is the first fatal quick clay incident in Norway since the offer suggestions for safeguards and mitigation measures one in a hundred. The estimated cost of safeguarding the calculating risk. The rescue operation lasted for several Finneidfjord landslide in Northern Norway in 1996, which where required. avalanche-prone intersections are close to MNOK 50. weeks, and ended just before Christmas. Only one of the claimed four lives. three fatalities has been found. The steep mountain slopes make the railway line prone to The report reveals that the major risks for the investigated landslides, rock falls and flooding. Bane NOR’s registry shows section are rockfalls and icefalls. Cost-benefit analysis shows that this rail line each year has been struck by at least four that some of the measures would have great utility value landslides, while the real number probably is higher. Bane in relation to the investment costs. NGI’s report will give NOR has implemented safeguards and mitigation measures Bane NOR a sound basis for prioritizing safety measures. on the most exposed stretches.

NGI conducted field inspections by helicopter, as well as using drone photography and a GigaPan system. The “The railway runs through information in Bane NOR’s avalanche registry was combined with observations from fieldwork. Detailed more than 20 tunnels and information from local knowledge was also an important source in the risk assessment. along steep mountainsides Huge masses of quick The cost of safeguards were established and risk/cost-benefit clay were set in motion. analyses carried out. The risk assessment also addressed the and waterfalls.”

16 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 17 GRAM – when R&D can reduce the loss of life

TIMEFRAME | 2014 - 2016 LOCATION | OSLO, NORWAY PROJECT MANAGER | BJØRN KALSNES

GRAM, an R&D project aimed at building up and enhancing all the subprojects and tasks are summarized in the final the skills and tools that can be used for risk assessment in report, which is available on the GRAM project website: all four of NGI’s market areas (Natural hazards; Offshore www.ngi.no/eng/Projects/GRAM-Geo-Risk-Assessment. energy; Building, construction and transportation; and Environmental engineering), was completed in December 2016. “The aim is to Radar monitoring of rock GRAM’s primary objective was to develop risk-based design Utilising this method can locate procedures and strategies for risk management applied to strengthen the skills slopes along the E 16 very small movements in the issues that fall within NGI’s market areas. The project also rock wall. aimed to develop the knowledge and tools that could help our and tools for risk TIMEFRAME | 2014 - 2017 clients to reduce property damage and potential loss of life. LOCATION | BERGEN - VOSS - GUDVANGEN, NORWAY PROJECT MANAGER | KRISTINE HELENE HETLAND EKSETH For the duration of the project, five seminars were conducted assessment in all of PARTNERS | THE NORWEGIAN PUBLIC ROADS ADMINISTRATION and a total of ten reports and seven articles documenting the GRAM work and results were produced. Results from NGI’s market areas.” The E16 between Bergen and Gudvangen is a stretch of dependent on daylight and the instrument can be set up road demanding special attention and care. It passes on a tripod if the need for urgent measures arises. through mountainous terrain with steep mountainsides more than 900 metres high, with frequent rockfalls in the A method called differential interferometry is used. This area. On behalf of the Norwegian Public Roads Adminis- method is also used for satellite-based radar measure- NATURAL HAZARDS / CONTACTS tration (SVV), NGI has set up a radar monitoring system ments. The method compares the difference in the radar for the early detection of rock slopes prone to rockfall at signal between two or more measurements taken at differ- Ulrik Domaas Andi A. Pfaffhuber Sara Bazin Head of Section Head of Section Appointed Head of Section six locations along the road. ent interval and times. This comparison makes it possible Anders Solheim Avalanches and Rockslides (partial leave of absence.) Geosurveys to calculate the movement as a time-dependent function. Director Geosurveys Natural Hazards Radar mapping along slide-prone areas is a useful tool for The displacement is measured in the radar line of sight on Carl Bonnevie Harbitz Farrokh Nadim finding any blocks or sections of rock that are slowly mov- a millimetre scale, so very small movements in the rock Head of Section Technical Director ing and may cause rockfalls or slides. The technology is not wall can be detected. RiSK RiSK

18 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 19 NGI Diversity “A normal day at the office :-)” We are Norway’s largest geotechnical specialist community Human resource development and assistance with educa- and a leading centre of research and consultancy in engi- tion is therefore a priority for us, and we have extensive neering-related geosciences. Our employees are among the development programmes for all employees. Among other foremost experts in the world in their respective fields. NGI things, we offer scholarships for postgraduate studies and is a beacon in the field of geotechnical research and devel- study programmes abroad. opment, and produces results in the form of new expertise, new methods and new technology. We have some of the The goal is to develop and nurture the diversity and potential best and smartest minds in the industry. We wish to attract of each employee, and maintain systematic capacity building skilled professionals, both newly qualified and experienced, and sharing throughout NGI. We want to hire both newly to become part of NGI. qualified and experienced professionals, and are in contact with hundreds of clever, intelligent candidates from all over We are strongly committed to constant learning for our the world every year. employees, and continuous interaction with academia in Norway and abroad on engineering-related geosciences, is a significant part of our business.

NGI is certified by BSI in Quality Management System ISO 9001:2015, and in Environmental Management System ISO 14001:2015 for research and development, consulting and services within the geosciences. NGI Expertise

Since the 1950s, we at NGI have been hooked on soil, rock and sector, technical experts and academia both in Norway snow. So much so, in fact, that our geotechnical expertise is and globally. Through the publication of research results, in demand in many parts of the world – from Bhutan to Bodø. comprehensive lecture activities and participation on NGI develops socially beneficial solutions and offers expertise international expert panels, NGI actively contributes to on soil, rock and snow, and their effect on the environment, further development and research within engineering- structures and construction. In other words, we at NGI help related geosciences. to ensure that we can all live, build and travel on safe ground. At NGI, we practise applied research, which means that our For more than 60 years, NGI has been a fulcrum for research results must be relevant and adopted by the market, as well as and consulting within engineering-related geosciences. Our benefiting society, industry and the public at large. Through employees are among the foremost experts in the world in direct assignments for industry in Norway and abroad, along their respective fields. Since its foundation, NGI has been a with grants from The Research Council of Norway and beacon in the field of geotechnical research and development. participation in EU research programmes, we conduct research into relevant issues. The results of NGI’s Rooted in research research are published and applied in practice, benefiting both Norwegian industry and society in general. NGI com- Our core mission is to aid social development in Norway petes with other consultant engineers for ground survey with research, consultancy and contributions to education assignments as engineering consultants in geotechnics and in the field of engineering-related geosciences. NGI is an engineering geology, environmental geotechnics, and land- acknowledged geotechnical meeting point for the public slide, rock fall and avalanche assessment and protection.

20 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 21 “G’day from Perth!”

NGI International outlook

For more than 60 years, NGI has had an international perspective on our business and research. NGI is an attractive workplace for jobseekers from top universities worldwide. Each year we receive approximately 1,000 job applications from abroad. Today, more than 30 percent of our employees have a non-Norwegian back- ground – and come from more than 35 different countries. We know that diversity pays off, and many of our employees are good ambassadors to their home markets.

Global and local NGI is an international player with project and research activities in many countries across the globe. Our headquarters and laboratories are located in Oslo, Norway. We also have an office in Trondheim, Norway, which is located on the NTNU campus (for closer research collaboration), a research station on Mount Strynefjellet in western Norway, an office and a small laboratory in Houston, Texas, and a relatively new office in Perth, Western Australia. The locations of our subsidiaries are not randomly picked. Together with Norway, Houston and Perth are international competence centres for offshore technology.

NGI exports approximately 30 percent of its output in addition to our offices in Houston and Perth. We enjoy active research collaboration with many of the best universities in the world – in China, Korea, Australia, Norway, Germany, the United Kingdom and North America.

In the coming years, we expect even greater opportunities for international initiatives and projects. This is partly due to a rapidly grow- ing market for offshore wind, where NGI has more than 50 years of experience in foundations for offshore structures.

22 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 23 NGI’s DIRECTORS as of march 2017 (from left):

Jon Sandnes, board member Managing Director, The Federation of Norwegian Construction Industries (BNL) Gudny Okkenhaug, employee repr. Technical Lead, NGI Kjetil Brattlien, employee repr. Civil engineer, NGI Lars Andresen Managing Director, NGI Vibecke Hverven, vice chairman Managing director, OBOS prosjekt AS Per Are Hellebust, board member Regional director, Statkraft Energi AS, Oslo Klaus J. Hansen, chairman of the board Director Special Projects, Veidekke Entreprenør AS Morten Albjerg Liingaard, board member Lead Principal Specialist, DONG Energy Beate Kvistedal, employee repr. Master of Marketing Management, NGI Steinar Nordal, observer Professor - Civil Engineering, Geotechnics, NTNU

Report from the Board of Directors 2016

NGI (Norwegian Geotechnical Institute) Financial results 2016 Personnel NGI’s management system includes seek to fulfil our obligations toward the geo sciences. NGI emphasises quality, is a technical-industrial institute doing The accounts show an operating result At the end of the year, NGI had 230 per- guidelines on how to deal with human environment and to respect our surround- work and environmental management research, development and advanced (EBIT) of 14.2 MNOK, including 0.8 manent employees. The total number of rights, labour rights, social issues, envi- ings. We are devoted to identify, map and as preventive tools. The environmental consulting within the geosciences. Our MNOK from the SkatteFUNN R&D tax full time employees was 229 in 2016. More ronmental issues and measures to coun- follow up environmental issues related to and soil mechanics laboratories at NGI activities serve the Norwegian as well incentive scheme. The net result was 11.5 than 84 percent of the employees have ter corruption. our activities and projects, internal opera- are accredited through document test as the global market, both onshore and MNOK. The surplus was recognized in a degree from University or University tions and those of our suppliers. We seek 118. They perform accredited analyses offshore. NGI is a private, commercial other capital. The 2016 turnover was 447 College. 32 percent of the permanently HSE – Health, Safety and to comply with all laws and regulations as within the accreditation areas P12 chem- foundation based in Oslo, Norway. NGI’s MNOK, a 16 MNOK increase compared employed are of non-Norwegian origin, Environment well as customers’ demands. ical analysis and P99-4 Geotechnical mission is to develop research results to 2015. Basic funding from the Research representing more than 35 countries. In all its operations, NGI gives top prior- trials. Norwegian Accreditation (NA) and technologies that are applicable and Council of Norway (RCN) was MNOK In addition, NGI hosted approximately ity to safety, protection of life, health, a Equality and diversity first granted NGI accreditation in 1998. usable by businesses and society. NGI has 27 or 6 percent of the net result. NGI 26 research scientists and postdoctoral sound work environment, and the physi- Full equality is standard at NGI. 31 percent offices in Trondheim, Norway, a research received 3.0 MNOK from the Ministry research fellows from abroad in 2016. cal environment. It is our goal to avoid of the 230 people employed at year-end Outlook for the future station in Stryn, western Norway, and two of Petroleum and Energy, administered any work related, serious accidents and are women. Five of the 16 people with The market situation within NGI’s busi- fully owned subsidiaries, organized as lim- by The Norwegian Water Resources and Accumulated salaries and compensations, deaths. It is the board’s impression that operational management responsibilities ness areas are good and the order backlog ited companies; NGI Houston registered Energy Directorate (NVE), to exercise its including overtime, pensions and social there is a sound and healthy work envi- are women. Three women of the eight at the beginning of 2017 is good. A strong in Houston, Texas, USA and NGI Perth in national responsibility within avalanche benefits, amounted to 262.5 MNOK. NGI ronment, which is being maintained and people in top management are women. growth in national investments within Perth, Australia. The two companies are research. The remaining 94 percent of Research Stipend Fund provides employ- nurtured on an ongoing basis. Four of the nine members of the board of building and construction, transportation legal entities with separate accounting. NGI’s turnover comes from contract ees with the opportunity to take a leave directors in 2016 were women. is expected, as well as a strong growth in assignments from the industry, as well for PhD studies and research purposes, In 2016, total sick leave was 3.51 percent, the international offshore wind market. Strategy as the public sector, both in Norway and based on individual applications. 39 sti- of which 1.42 percent was long-term leave Diversity is seen as a positive contribution Both are markets where NGI expects It is NGI’s strategy to provide world- abroad. Assignments outside Norway pends have been granted from the fund among a very small number of employees. to the organisational culture, contribut- continued increased activity in the com- leading geotechnical research, develop- amounted to 20 percent of the total turn- during 2004-2015. There has been no work-related injuries due ing to our ability to operate effectively ing years. A planning process to develop ment and contributions to innovation over, down from 25 percent in 2015. to NGI activities in 2016 and thus resulting under changing conditions. Recruitment a new headquarter for NGI in Oslo, called within our markets: Offshore energy; Social responsibility in absence from work. Safety and environ- activities and HR policies aim to secure “CAMPUS21”, has been initiated. This will Building, construction and transporta- NGI has a solid equity, and liquidity is very NGI contributes nationally and inter- mental work is conducted by the guidelines equal possibilities and rights. Whenever enable NGI to continue its research and tion; Environmental engineering; and good in relation to financial exposure and nationally to a knowledge based and of the Working Environment Act. needed, NGI facilitates for employees business on our own property. Natural hazards. Our R&D must be relevant risk. The prerequisite for continued opera- sustainable development of industries with disabilities. Any form of discrimina- and applicable, and we seek to develop tions are present, and the financial state- as well as civil society. Contributions are NGI is certified according to the ISO tion is contrary to the company’s values. Oslo, Norway, 21 March 2017 expertise and solutions together with ments for 2016 have been prepared on this made through R&D achievements, stan- 14001:2015 standard for environmental clients, partners, and the university sec- assumption. The board of directors is of dardization work, cooperation with the control within R&D, consulting and geo ser- Quality assurance NGI’s quality assurance system is certified tor. Furthermore, we actively seek to the opinion that the accounts for 2016 rep- university sector, and through assistance vices. We work systematically and focused according to ISO 9001:2015 for research, take advantage of cooperation and syn- resent a correct picture of NGI’s operating to authorities and involved parties when in order to minimise negative consequences development and consulting within the ergies between R&D and consulting. results and end-of-year balance sheet. incidents occur. for the external environment. We actively

24 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 25 Mimoun Bouhmidi Inger Kristine Head of Finances Tovslid Accounts 2016 Key Figures 2016 Head of HR

ACCOUNT STATEMENT (Amounts in 1,000 NOK) 2016 2015 % % re re Annual turnover and number of employees OPERATING INCOME Offshore Energy 109 731 111 624 Bygg, anlegg og samferdsel Building, Construction and Transportation Turnover % % Environmental Engineering 64 498 59 610 Oﬀshore energi Oﬀshore Energy Employees Building, Construction and Transportation 205 782 % 196 970 % Kvinner: ,% Menn: , % Naturfare Natural Hazards Natural Hazards 66 763 62 429 TOTAL INCOME 446 774 430 633 Miljøteknologi Environmental Engineering MNOK

% % MNOK

Antall ansatte

OPERATING EXPENDITURE of employees No. Personnel costs 261 827 268 091 Direct project expenditures 83 760 70 165 Kuer ies

Other operating expenditures 72 131 65 398 (Mill. NOK) Depreciation 14 817 9 740 Olje- og energiselskaper Oil, gas and energy companies Entreprenører Contractors TOTAL OPERATING EXPENDITURES 432 536 % %413 394 % % Rådgivende bedrifter Consultants Male / Female ratio OPERATING RESULT 14 238 17 239 Statlig virksomhet State agencies 120 NET FINANCIAL INCOME 1 511 3 279 % Fylker og kommuner % County and local authorities Age profile EKSTRAORDINÆRE INNTEKTER 0 % 29 916 % 100 Øvrig næringsliv på land Other industry on land TAX PAYABLE, DEFERRED 4 206 %7 226 % 80 NFR - basisbevilgning RCN basic funding Female: ,% Male: , % years: % % MNOK NET RESULT 11 544 % 43 207 % Eksport 60 RETAINED EARNINGS 11 544 % 43 207 NFR - andre prosjekter % RCN projects 40 years:

20 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

BALANCE SHEET 31 DECEMBER 2016 ,2015 , (1000 NOK) (%) (1000 NOK) (%) eer (Mill. NOK) e (MNOK) ASSETS Næringsliv/oﬀentlige kunder Clients from industry years: and public organizations Basisbevilgning 6 FIXED ASSETS Basic funding (RCN) 5 Buildings/operating assets 88 538 23 94 993 26 Snøskredforskning Avalanche research 4 Shares 691 0 637 0 Andre NFR-prosjekter years: Investment in Bonds and Stocks Funds 50 000 13 50 000 , 13 , Other RCN-projects 3 Excess /Surplus Financing Pension Scheme 6 306 2 4 637 , 1 , MNOK 2 years: , , Dri sresultat Loan 30 055 8 17 661 5 1 TOTAL FIXED ASSETS 175 590 46 167 928 45 0 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 Nationality år: CURRENT ASSETS igsi ee eui år: Projects in progress 44 002 11 23 570 6 37 nationalities are represented amongst our employees. More than 30% of our total staff is of non-Norwegian origin. Accounts receivable, customers 61 526 16 63 435 18 PhD PhD Other accounts receivable 1 059 0 4 040 1 Master MSc 150 Bank accounts 103 248 27 112 904 30 Norge + Norway + Bachelor Bachelor TOTAL CURRENT ASSETS 209 837 54 203 949 55 Tyskland 120 Germany Fagutdanning Vocational training Sverige Sweden TOTAL ASSETS 385 426 100 371 877 100 Annet Other Antall år: 90 Storbritannia Great Britain

Kina artikler Vitenskapelig China 60 EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Sør-Korea South-Korea1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 år: USA USA EQUITY år: Fixed equity 30 000 8 30 000 8 UNIVERSITY / COLLEGE Iran Iran Working equity 221 228 57 209 684 56 NederlandPhD (58) MSc (109) BSc (32) Netherlands TOTAL EQUITY 251 228 65 239 684 64 Civil engineering 25 Danmark 52 4 Denmark Geology, geophysics etc. 19 26 3 Chemistry 1 Frankrike 7 5 France LONG TERM LIABILITIES Electro - Italia 2 3 Italy Retirement fund 377 0 414 0 Environmental Engineering 7 10 - Physics-Matematics 4 Island 4 - Iceland SHORT TERM LIABILITIES Computer science 1 Sveits 2 3 Switzerland Mechanical engineering 1 1 6 Suppliers 31 286 8 19 266 5 Tyrkia Turkey Tax payable, not offset 2 752 1 3 638 1 Library / Archive - - 2 Economy / Business Adm. - 5 6 Payroll and indirect taxes 28 604 7 29 754 8 New Zealand New Zealand Wages and holiday liabilities 40 159 11 42 850 12 Andre1 Other1 Advance from customers 31 021 8 36 271 10 VOCATIONAL TRAININGTotalt (20) OTHER (11) Total TOTAL SHORT TERM LIABILITIES 133 821 35 131 779 35

Adm. 4 1 Electro 1 Other Nationalities TOTAL LIABILITIES 134 198 35 132 193 36 Information techn. 4 Austria, Australia, Bangladesh, Belgium, Canada, Costa Rica, Lab 8 Ecuador, El Salvador, Ethiopia, Greece, India, Iraq, Ireland, TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 385 426 100 371 877 100 Machine shop operator 3 Morokko, Palestine, Russia, Spain, Sri Lanka, Uganda, Vietnam,

26 NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND NGI MAGAZINE 2016 | ON SAFE GROUND 27 Since the 1950s, we at NGI (the Norwegian Geotechnical Institute) have been hooked on soil, rock and snow. In fact so much that our geotechnical expertise is in demand in several parts of the world – from Bhutan to Bodø. NGI develops socially beneficial solutions and offers expertise on soil, rock and snow and their effect on the environment, structures and construction.

We work within the fields of:

Offshore Energy Building, Construction and Transportation Natural Hazards Environmental Engineering

We are an independent, private commercial foundation and a leading centre of research and consultancy in engineering- related geosciences. Our head office and laboratories are in Oslo, Norway, with a branch office in Trondheim, Norway, and an avalanche research station on Mount Strynefjellet in western Norway. In addition to this, we have subsidiaries in Houston, Texas, USA, and in Perth, Western Australia, as well as partnership agreements with well-established companies in the rest of the world.

NGI Oslo NGI Trondheim

Postboks 3930 Ullevål Stadion, Postboks 5687 Sluppen, 0806 Oslo 7485 Trondheim Sognsvn. 72, Høgskoleringen 9, 0855 Oslo 7034 Trondheim Norway Norway

+47 22 02 30 00 +47 22 02 30 00 [email protected] [email protected]

NGI Houston NGI Perth

10615 Shadow Wood Dr, PO Box 5667, Suite 100, Perth, WA 6831 Houston TX 77043 Level 7, 40 St Georges Terrace, USA Perth, WA 6000

+1 281 752 4667 +61 8 6141 3141 [email protected] [email protected] Published by NGI, 6 April 2017 Published