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Seafood Watch Seafood Report: Crabs Blue Crab
Seafood Watch Seafood Report: Crabs Volume I Blue Crab Callinectes sapidus Writer/Editor:AliceCascorbi Fisheries Research Analyst Monterey Bay Aquarium Additional Research: Heather Blough Audubon Living Oceans Program Final 14 February 2004 Seafood Watch® Blue Crab Report February 14, 2004 About Seafood Watch® and the Seafood Reports Monterey Bay Aquarium’s Seafood Watch® program evaluates the ecological sustainability of wild-caught and farmed seafood commonly found in the United States marketplace. Seafood Watch® defines sustainable seafood as originating from sources, whether wild-caught or farmed, which can maintain or increase production in the long- term without jeopardizing the structure or function of affected ecosystems. Seafood Watch® makes its science-based recommendations available to the public in the form of regional pocket guides that can be downloaded from the Internet (seafoodwatch.org) or obtained from the Seafood Watch® program by emailing [email protected]. The program’s goals are to raise awareness of important ocean conservation issues and empower seafood consumers and businesses to make choices for healthy oceans. Each sustainability recommendation on the regional pocket guides is supported by a Seafood Report. Each report synthesizes and analyzes the most current ecological, fisheries and ecosystem science on a species, then evaluates this information against the program’s conservation ethic to arrive at a recommendation of “Best Choices”, “Good Alternatives” or “Avoid.” The detailed evaluation methodology is available upon request. In producing the Seafood Reports, Seafood Watch® seeks out research published in academic, peer-reviewed journals whenever possible. Other sources of information include government technical publications, fishery management plans and supporting documents, and other scientific reviews of ecological sustainability. -
Climate Change and Fisheries: Policy, Trade and Sustainable Nal of Fisheries Management 22:852-862
Climate Change and Alaska Fisheries TERRY JOHNSON Alaska Sea Grant University of Alaska Fairbanks 2016 ISBN 978-1-56612-187-3 http://doi.org/10.4027/ccaf.2016 MAB-67 $10.00 Credits Alaska Sea Grant is supported by the US Department of Commerce, NOAA National Sea Grant, grant NA14OAR4170079 (A/152-32) and by the University of Alaska Fairbanks with state funds. Sea Grant is a partnership with public and private sectors combining research, education, and extension. This national network of universities meets changing environmental and Alaska Sea Grant economic needs of people in coastal, ocean, and Great Lakes University of Alaska Fairbanks regions. Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-5040 Funding for this project was provided by the Alaska Center for Climate Assessment and Policy (ACCAP). Cover photo by (888) 789-0090 Deborah Mercy. alaskaseagrant.org TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract .................................................................................................... 2 Take-home messages ...................................................................... 2 Introduction............................................................................................. 3 1. Ocean temperature and circulation ................................................ 4 2. Ocean acidification ............................................................................ 9 3. Invasive species, harmful algal blooms, and disease-causing pathogens .................................................... 12 4. Fisheries effects—groundfish and crab ...................................... -
Characterization of a Domoic Acid Binding Site from Pacific Razor Clam
Aquatic Toxicology 69 (2004) 125–132 Characterization of a domoic acid binding site from Pacific razor clam Vera L. Trainer∗, Brian D. Bill NOAA Fisheries, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, Marine Biotoxin Program, 2725 Montlake Blvd. E., Seattle, WA 98112, USA Received 5 November 2003; received in revised form 27 April 2004; accepted 27 April 2004 Abstract The Pacific razor clam, Siliqua patula, is known to retain domoic acid, a water-soluble glutamate receptor agonist produced by diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia. The mechanism by which razor clams tolerate high levels of the toxin, domoic acid, in their tissues while still retaining normal nerve function is unknown. In our study, a domoic acid binding site was solubilized from razor clam siphon using a combination of Triton X-100 and digitonin. In a Scatchard analysis using [3H]kainic acid, the partially-purified membrane showed two distinct receptor sites, a high affinity, low capacity site with a KD (mean ± S.E.) of 28 ± 9.4 nM and a maximal binding capacity of 12 ± 3.8 pmol/mg protein and a low affinity, high capacity site with a mM affinity for radiolabeled kainic acid, the latter site which was lost upon solubilization. Competition experiments showed that the rank order potency for competitive ligands in displacing [3H]kainate binding from the membrane-bound receptors was quisqualate > ibotenate > iodowillardiine = AMPA = fluorowillardiine > domoate > kainate > l-glutamate. At high micromolar concentrations, NBQX, NMDA and ATPA showed little or no ability to displace [3H]kainate. In contrast, Scatchard analysis 3 using [ H]glutamate showed linearity, indicating the presence of a single binding site with a KD and Bmax of 500 ± 50 nM and 14 ± 0.8 pmol/mg protein, respectively. -
Six Domoic Acid Related Compounds from the Red Alga, Chondria Armata
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Six domoic acid related compounds from the red alga, Chondria armata, and domoic acid biosynthesis Received: 1 September 2017 Accepted: 15 December 2017 by the diatom, Pseudo-nitzschia Published: xx xx xxxx multiseries Yukari Maeno1, Yuichi Kotaki2, Ryuta Terada3, Yuko Cho1, Keiichi Konoki1 & Mari Yotsu-Yamashita1 Domoic acid (DA, 1), a potent neurotoxin that causes amnesic shellfsh poisoning, has been found in diatoms and red algae. While biosynthetic pathway towards DA from geranyl diphosphate and l-glutamate has been previously proposed, its late stage is still unclear. Here, six novel DA related compounds, 7′-methyl-isodomoic acid A (2) and B (3), N-geranyl-l-glutamic acid (4), 7′-hydroxymethyl- isodomoic acid A (5) and B (6), and N-geranyl-3(R)-hydroxy-l-glutamic acid (7), were isolated from the red alga, Chondria armata, and their structures were determined. The compounds 4 and 7, linear compounds, are predictable as the precursors to form the DA pyrrolidine ring. The compounds 2 and 3 are thought as the cyclized products of 7; therefore, dehydration and electron transfer from the internal olefn of 7 is a possible mechanism for the pyrrolidine ring formation. One terminal methyl group of the side chain of 2 and 3 is predicted to be oxidized to hydroxymethyl (5, 6), and then to carboxylic acids, forming isodomoic acids A and B. Finally, the terminal olefn of isodomoic acid A would be isomerized to form DA. In addition, [15N, D]-labeled 4 was incorporated into DA using the diatom, Pseudo-nitzschia multiseries, demonstrating that 4 is the genuine precursor of DA. -
Wholesale Market Profiles for Alaska Groundfish and Crab Fisheries
JANUARY 2020 Wholesale Market Profiles for Alaska Groundfish and FisheriesCrab Wholesale Market Profiles for Alaska Groundfish and Crab Fisheries JANUARY 2020 JANUARY Prepared by: McDowell Group Authors and Contributions: From NOAA-NMFS’ Alaska Fisheries Science Center: Ben Fissel (PI, project oversight, project design, and editor), Brian Garber-Yonts (editor). From McDowell Group, Inc.: Jim Calvin (project oversight and editor), Dan Lesh (lead author/ analyst), Garrett Evridge (author/analyst) , Joe Jacobson (author/analyst), Paul Strickler (author/analyst). From Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission: Bob Ryznar (project oversight and sub-contractor management), Jean Lee (data compilation and analysis) This report was produced and funded by the NOAA-NMFS’ Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Funding was awarded through a competitive contract to the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission and McDowell Group, Inc. The analysis was conducted during the winter of 2018 and spring of 2019, based primarily on 2017 harvest and market data. A final review by staff from NOAA-NMFS’ Alaska Fisheries Science Center was completed in June 2019 and the document was finalized in March 2016. Data throughout the report was compiled in November 2018. Revisions to source data after this time may not be reflect in this report. Typically, revisions to economic fisheries data are not substantial and data presented here accurately reflects the trends in the analyzed markets. For data sourced from NMFS and AKFIN the reader should refer to the Economic Status Report of the Groundfish Fisheries Off Alaska, 2017 (https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/resource/data/2017-economic-status-groundfish-fisheries-alaska) and Economic Status Report of the BSAI King and Tanner Crab Fisheries Off Alaska, 2018 (https://www.fisheries.noaa. -
Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning: Emergency Medical Management
nce: Res ie ea c rc S h e & n i Schroeder et al., J Marine Sci Res Dev 2015, 6:1 D r e Journal of a v M DOI; 10.4172/2155-9910.1000179 e f l o o p l m a ISSN:n 2155-9910 e r n u t o J Marine Science: Research & Development ResearchShort Communication Article OpenOpen Access Access Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning: Emergency Medical Management George Schroeder1*, Stephen S. Bates2 and John Spallino3 1American Academy of Urgent Care Medicine 2813 Hiawassee Road, Suite 206 Orlando, FL USA 32835 2Fisheries and Oceans Canada Gulf Fisheries Centre P.O. Box 5030 Moncton, NB E1C 9B6, Canada 3Laser Spine Institute 3001 N Rocky Point Dr. # 185 Tampa, FL 33607 USA Keywords: Amnesic shellfish poisoning; Diatom; Domoic acid; Blooms of toxigenic Pseudo-nitzschia have become more prevalent Excitotoxicity; Neurotoxin; Pseudo-nitzschia along coastal waters worldwide. The 2015 toxic bloom along the entire west coast of North America resulted in numerous harvesting closures Introduction and human health concerns. It is not known why this diatom produces Human consumption of shellfish and certain finfish contaminated domoic acid, as this biotoxin does not appear to harm its immediate with the neurotoxin domoic acid causes Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning predators. (ASP), a syndrome that results in preventable morbidity and mortality Humans become poisoned after consuming molluscan shellfish [1-5]. Although the incidence of ASP is rare around the world due to (e.g., mussels, clams, oysters, scallops, cockles) that have filtered the careful monitoring by government agencies since the original incident toxic diatom cells out of the water, therefore concentrating the toxin in in 1987, patients can still present with clinical symptoms (Table 1) that their digestive system (Figure 2). -
A Human Stem Cell-Derived Test System for Agents Modifying Neuronal N
Archives of Toxicology (2021) 95:1703–1722 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00204-021-03024-0 IN VITRO SYSTEMS A human stem cell‑derived test system for agents modifying neuronal 2+ N‑methyl‑D‑aspartate‑type glutamate receptor Ca ‑signalling Stefanie Klima1,2 · Markus Brüll1 · Anna‑Sophie Spreng1,3 · Ilinca Suciu1,3 · Tjalda Falt1 · Jens C. Schwamborn4 · Tanja Waldmann1 · Christiaan Karreman1 · Marcel Leist1,5 Received: 28 October 2020 / Accepted: 4 March 2021 / Published online: 13 March 2021 © The Author(s) 2021 Abstract Methods to assess neuronal receptor functions are needed in toxicology and for drug development. Human-based test systems that allow studies on glutamate signalling are still scarce. To address this issue, we developed and characterized pluripotent stem cell (PSC)-based neural cultures capable of forming a functional network. Starting from a stably proliferating neu- roepithelial stem cell (NESC) population, we generate “mixed cortical cultures” (MCC) within 24 days. Characterization by immunocytochemistry, gene expression profling and functional tests (multi-electrode arrays) showed that MCC contain various functional neurotransmitter receptors, and in particular, the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDA-R). As this important receptor is found neither on conventional neural cell lines nor on most stem cell- derived neurons, we focused here on the characterization of rapid glutamate-triggered Ca2+ signalling. Changes of the intra- 2+ cellular free calcium ion concentration ([Ca ]i) were measured by fuorescent imaging as the main endpoint, and a method to evaluate and quantify signals in hundreds of cells at the same time was developed. We observed responses to glutamate in the low µM range. -
5.2 Barents Sea Ecoregion – Fisheries Overview
ICES Fisheries Overviews Barents Sea Ecoregion Published 29 November 2019 5.2 Barents Sea Ecoregion – Fisheries overview Table of contents Executive summary ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Who is fishing ............................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Catches over time ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Description of the fisheries........................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Fisheries management ............................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Status of the fishery resources .................................................................................................................................................................. -
Draft Order No. R3-2018-0017 Npdes No. Ca0048551 Waste Discharge Requirements for the Monterey One Water Regional Wastewater Tr
DRAFT ORDER NO. R3-2018-0017 NPDES NO. CA0048551 WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE MONTEREY ONE WATER REGIONAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT AND ADVANCED WATER PURIFICATION FACILITY DISCHARGE TO THE PACIFIC OCEAN The following Discharger is subject to waste discharge requirements (WDRs) set forth in this Order: Table 1. Discharger Information Discharger Monterey One Water1 Regional Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) and Advanced Water Name of Facility Purification Facility (AWPF), Marina, Monterey County 14811 Del Monte Boulevard Facility Address Marina, CA 93933 Monterey County Table 2. Discharge Location Discharge Effluent Discharge Point Discharge Point Receiving Water Point Description Latitude (North) Longitude (West) Secondary Treated Wastewater, 001 Saline Waste, 36.72778º -121.83750º Pacific Ocean and Reverse Osmosis (RO) Concentrate Disinfected Tertiary 002 Recycled _ _ Reclamation Use Municipal Wastewater 1 Monterey One Water (abbreviated M1W) was formerly called the “Monterey Regional Water Pollution Control Agency.” Prior orders issued for this facility used this name for the Discharger. 1 / 133 Item No. 8 Attachment 1 December 6-7, 2018 Proposed Order No. R3-2018-0017 Table 3. Administrative Information This Order was adopted on: December 6, 2018 This Order shall become effective on: April 1, 2019 This Order shall expire on: November 30, 2023 The Discharger shall file a Report of Waste Discharge as an application for reissuance of WDRs in accordance with title 23, California Code of June 3, 2023 Regulations, and an application for reissuance of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit no later than: The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) and the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, Central Coast Region have classified Major discharge this discharge as follows: I, John M. -
Fda and Epa Safety Levels in Regulations and Guidance
APPENDIX 5: FDA AND EPA SAFETY LEVELS IN REGULATIONS AND GUIDANCE This guidance represents the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA’s) current thinking on this topic. It does not create or confer any rights for or on any person and does not operate to bind FDA or the public. You can use an alternative approach if the approach satisfies the requirements of the applicable statutes and regulations. If you want to discuss an alternative approach, contact the FDA staff responsible for implementing this guidance. If you cannot identify the appropriate FDA staff, call the telephone number listed on the title page of this guidance. This appendix lists FDA and EPA levels relating to safety attributes of fish and fishery products. In many cases, these levels represent the point at which the agency could take legal action to include removing product from market. Consequently, the levels contained in this table may not always be suitable for critical limits. Regardless of an established level or not, FDA may take legal action against food deemed to be adulterated as defined by the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FD&C Act) [21 U.S.C. 342]. A food is adulterated if the food bears or contains any poisonous or deleterious substance which may render it injurious to health under section 402 (a)(1) of the FD&C Act. Additionally, a food is adulterated if the food has been prepared, packed or held under insanitary conditions whereby it may have become contaminated with filth, or whereby it may have been rendered injurious to health under section 402 (a)(4) of the FD&C Act. -
PEPH Workshop: Engaging Policy and Decision Makers September 7, 2011 8:00 A.M
Engaging Communities to Advance Environmental Health Policy PEPH Workshop: Engaging Policy and Decision Makers September 7, 2011 8:00 a.m. – 5:00 p.m. Sheraton Iowa City Hotel Iowa City, Ia. www.niehs.nih.gov/PEPH Table of Contents Alaska Collaborative on Health and the Environment (CHE-Alaska) .......................................... 2 Biomonitoring in Environmental Public Health Policy and Surveillance ...................................... 4 Children’s Environmental Health Policies ................................................................................... 6 City and County of San Francisco Healthy Nail Salon Recognition Program Ordinance ............. 8 Clean Air Study .........................................................................................................................10 Community Assessment of Freeway Exposure and Health .......................................................11 Community-Based Participatory Research and Pesticides Exposure Research Projects ..........12 Contaminated Sediment Remedies ...........................................................................................15 EH@Home Workshops - Residential environmental health issues and risk reduction strategies .................................................................................................................................................16 Environmental Reproductive Health Lecture Series ..................................................................18 Evaluating Rochester's lead law ................................................................................................20 -
Domoic Acid and Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning - a Review
69 Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 56, No. I, Pages 69-83 (January 1993) Copyright©, International Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarians Domoic Acid and Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning - A Review EWEN C. D. TODD Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Food Directorate, Health Protection Branch, Health and Welfare Canada, Sir Frederick G. Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0L2 (Received for publication April 17, 1992) Downloaded from http://meridian.allenpress.com/jfp/article-pdf/56/1/69/1664397/0362-028x-56_1_69.pdf by guest on 30 September 2021 ABSTRACT products. It has also been postulated, however, that changes to the environment have increased the possibility of more A new type of seafood toxicity, called amnesic shell toxic phytoplankton blooms caused by more phytoplankton fish poisoning, was described from 107 human cases after species. These may be natural, such as unusual warm individuals consumed mussels containing domoic acid har currents (118), or man-made, such as eutrophication of vested from Prince Edward Island, Canada, in 1987. Most coastal waters (101) and the accidental spread of phyto of these cases experienced gastroenteritis, and many older plankton, e.g., through ballast water, to new locations (44). persons or others with underlying chronic illnesses devel In 1987, several unusual events occurred worldwide that oped neurologic symptoms including memory loss. Stan might have been coincidental or had some as yet undetec dard treatment procedures for the neurologic condition ted environmental link: mass fish mortality in Pakistan were not effective and three patients died. Domoic acid is because of PSP (94); the first red tide containing neurotoxic a known neurototoxin, and it is believed that in these cases shellfish poison produced by Ptychodiscus brevis to kill enough toxin was absorbed through the gastrointestinal shellfish and poison humans in North Carolina (118) and system to cause lesions in the central nervous system.