SUSTech Student Branch Magazine ISSUE NO. ZERO | 2021 JUNE

ELON MUSK “ I THINK IT WOULD BE GREATER TO BE BORN IN EARTH AND DIE ON MARS

ȸɎǣˡƬǣƏǼxɖɀƬǼƺɀ As a cucumber plant grows, it sprouts tightly coiled tendrils that seek out supports in order to pull the plant upward.

5G IȸȒȅɎǝƺ˾ȸɀɎɀǣǕȇƏǼȒǔƏȅƺɀɀƏǕƺ ǝƏɀƫƺƺȇɀƺȇɎɎǝȸȒɖǕǝɎǝƺ˾ȸɀɎ ǕƺȇƺȸƏɎǣȒȇȒǔȅȒƫǣǼƺɯǣȸƺǼƺɀɀ networks in the late 1970s IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

MEANS OF TRANSPORT TRADITIONAL OR MODERN?!

I was sitting in the seat of the bus, peering through the window, trying to distract myself from the boring waiting; The traffic jam was intense at the time, until I noticed But even the age of speed needs to slow a cyclist making his way through the down a little to keep the flow of life at a queue of cars jammed along the road. On steady pace; According to research another occasion and another day, I was conducted by an American expert in "time trying to speed up my walk, exhausted by management", a person with an average the length of the way I had walked to the age of sixty years spends a total time college. You will surely find yourself going equivalent to a month in waiting for traffic through situations similar to the one I lights, and spends nearly five months mentioned to you, if you have not gone waiting for buses in cities. Regardless of through both situations. other factors such as traffic congestion, Means of transportation today and for a accidents and others. But with a little more long time have played a major role in effort, lost time can be reduced- productivity and advancing progress in paradoxically - by using traditional and less the world. Cars, locomotives, planes, and common means - in our time - because ships, despite the cost of their construction traditional means of transport, although and operation (fuel), are with little effort they require great effort and are relatively and high efficiency transporting slow, will help you in cases of complete individuals to their work environment and stoppage or difficulty in movement. It is their studies in a good condition (mentally also simple to install and does not need and physically) in order to focus and exert workshops and specialists in the event of a most of their efforts in performing their sudden breakdown, which saves you time practical duties. It also saves them the and effort and saves you from additional time factor at its high speed .. It is the age costs. of speed.

SUSTECH branch 1 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

But we -as human beings- always want to control the things that out of our hands, so modern means of transportation are designed with designs and methods dedi- cated to them that ensure that they are not affected by the factors of the surrounding environment (certainly none of us wants to reach his workplace or study while he is wet by the rain). Howev- er, this comfort and luxury blind us to the 1.25 million people who die every year - according to WHO statistics - which makes us neglect to follow the safety procedures for the means of transporta- tion. In conclusion, imagine with me a world that relied entirely on modern trans- portation and the comfort it provides and the lack of effort expended, and his main concern has become getting to work and returning to sleep .. Imagine how their shapes will become after a few years only, you can imagine them as creatures devel- oped by fat, Then they’ll need chairs and moving beds, as they are portrayed in the movies.

SUSTECH branch 2 World Sudan University of SCience and Engineering Technology Day (SUST)

On the World Engineering Day, the Integration Of SUST Engineering Societies hosted annual events to achieve the sustainable development goals, and enriching, technical and creative seminars were presented.

Thanks to seminars providers and WED Day organizers.

Modern technology& the environment

Prof.Shareif Fadul Babkier Proton Solar Racing Car Mohamed Ibrahim Salih How to manage an online team

Ahmed Elsir Khalfallah Waste recycling and reducing the quantities dumped in landfills Rawan Osama

Health Care Clean energy for Digitalization healthy planet

Mohamed MohamedBabiker Yousof Ibrahim Satti SalihBabiker

For more information and see on recorde seminars. visit our facebook website. - facebook.com/WEDSudanSUST EVENT 3 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

“I think it would be great to be born on Earth and die on Mars”... a suitable phrase to preform in a sci-fi movie, but no! I borrow this phrase from logical sentences that were persuaded by the billionaire and ELON the CEO of SpaceX when asked about his desire to be buried on Mars. Do not be surprised by such an answer from the holder of the twenty-first position in the list of the most influential men in the world according to the classification of “Forbes” the American magazine. MUSK Elon Musk, the second richest man in the world after he dropped the first place in January 2021. The Canadian businessman was born in South Africa and later acquired US citizenship, and had a tough childhood in which he was bullied. he was a keen reader, he learned programming by himself, and even he made his own video game called Blastar which he later sold. The website development company (ZIP2) that he set up with his brother was the beginning of Musk’s influence in the world series, after his graduation from the University of Pennsylvania. After that, Musk continued his career in establishing companies and selling some of them, where he founded (PayPal) the famous financial transactions company and sold it. He invested his share of the sale of PayPal in launching a company of SpaceX, with the ambition to establish a human colony on Mars at the beginning of the next decade. He co-founded Tesla Motors company and served as its CEO until it raise to the highest market value of an American car company in recent times. Other companies, less notorious and not inferior, were founded by him, such as the Neuralink company, which has a nervous chip with frightening potential, which “I think it would be great Elon had introduced it himself last year, in to be born on Earth and addition to the tunnels and infrastructure company (The Boring Company), as he die on Mars”. revealed the term "Hyperloop". (Hyperloop), a high-speed transportation system that includes low pressure pipelines of up to 150 mph for intercity transportation.

SUSTECH branch 34 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

His career was and is still full of charitable donation campaigns; He stated that he is spending half of his wealth to solve problems on Earth, and the other half is spending it to establish his colony of 80,000 people on Mars by 2040. It can be reassured that in order to fulfill his promise, as he succeeded in 2015 in making the first powerful orbital class rocket capable of reflight. And now work is underway on the Starship, which is planned to transport people and goods in deep space, and land anywhere ... and Mars is among these places.

SUSTECH branch 45 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

A REVOLUTIONARY INVENTION

Imagine telling someone you can open the T.V with his mind or stopping phone’s alarm in the morning because he can’t reach it with hands or even playing minicraft and building unlimited imaginary worlds in his mind, he will probably tell you that you are scientific fiction movies fan or he will tell you not to watch black mirror series a lot, well the Billionaire entrepreneur Elon Musk got other words with something called Neuralink. Elon Mask the founder of SpaceX and the Obviously Neuralink employs CEO of Tesla wants to control machines neuroscientists who understand biology. with just the power of thought with a But Musk is a technologist possibly technology that can help humans America’s best-known exemplar of the interact with machines using their brains power of engineering to make big ideas with a chip being implanted into the skull happen. Neuroscience doesn’t even have connected to the brain. a consistent theory of consciousness yet. Neuralink Co-founded by Tesla Inc and That makes it hard to build a device to SpaceX CEO Musk in 2016, and it read it out, or write it into a robot. “A lot of remained under the radar until 2017, people think, ‘I couldn’t possibly work at when the Wall Street Journal broke the Neuralink because I don’t know anything news that he had established the about how brains work,’” said Musk. “Well, company to "merge computers with that’s OK. You can learn. But we need human brains". software engineering, we need The concept of neural interface mechanical engineering, electrical technology isn't new Scientists have engineering … chip design, robotics, and already created devices capable of both all the things a company needs to work.” interpreting brain activity and At some point, someone is going to have stimulating the neurons in the brain. A to know something about how brains memorable demonstration of the work. technology was in 2012 when paralyzed Neuralink (N1) is a 4mm-square chip patients were able to control a robotic implanted into the skull. Attached to the arm, However, Elon Musk doesn't want to chip there are wires thinner than a stick with what is already possible. He has human hair, which reach out into the said, in classic Muskian style, that apart brain. These threads are placed close to from treating neural conditions such as important parts of the brain and are able Parkinson's, he hopes that Neuralink to detect messages as they are relayed could one day facilitate a "symbiosis" between neurons, recording each between humans and AI. impulse and stimulating their own.

SUSTECH branch 567 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection At the Neuralink presentation, Musk said body. He said people with implants would that his prototype included sensors for be capable of telepathy not just sending motion, temperature, and pressure and and receiving words, but actual concepts 1,024 thin, flexible wires to pick up the and images. electrical signals neurons put out while The most recent revelation by the they’re neuron-ing. company is about how users will be able to The procedure if implanting Neuralink is stream music directly into their brains. complex and beyond human capabilities This will require a hardware call link to be because the skull and brain are very attached to the back of the ear which will sensitive human parts therefore directly communicate with the Neuralink Neuralink developed a special robots to to stream music. carry out the quick and precise insertion of the device into the cortex the Neuralink The first experiment was on a pig called robot will insert the module into your Gertrude, the pig with a Neuralink implant brain using a microscope and needles the in the part of its brain that controls the size of 24 microns(a micron is snout, eventually the sniffing of straw, one-millionth of a meter). These needles triggered spikes on a graph tracking the are so small that you can't easily spot animal's neural activity. The second them with the naked eye and there could experiment a monkey been wired up into be 10,000 electrodes inserted into the its brain and it was able to play video game brain. with its mind , “he’s a happy monkey “ said The robot has been designed to ensure Musk. that the device is inserted into the brain There is future concerns about Neuralink without touching any veins or arteries. specially the fears of Ai taking over human Each electrode will be inserted and it can’t be unseen in jobs domain for specifically bypassing any kind of blood example and there is a predications that a vessel. lot of jobs will be without human The installation procedure could take up intervention. there is also concerns that if to two hours according to Musk and the the device is connected to the internet person could also be under partial how will we be protected against hackers anaesthesia during the process. who might try to steal data directly from In order to understand how Neuralink our brains. “Neuralink can be inside the works you must understand that your head for 10 years at least and there is brain sends information to different parts option to remove it” says Musk. of your body using neurons. In May 2020, while on the "Joe Rogan These neurons in your brain connect with Podcast", Musk claimed Neuralink could each other to form a large network and be implanting chips in human test communicate using chemical signals subjects within a year. Experts have called neurotransmitters. This reaction questioned Musk's claims on human generates an electric field and you can testing timelines before (in 2019 he said he record these reactions by placing hoped to get a chip into a human patient electrodes nearby. These electrodes can by the end of 2020) and it’s expected to be then understand the electrical signal in come late and delay again unless Musk your brain and translate them into an has a surprises before the end of 2021. algorithm that a machine can read. This way Neuralink will be able to read what you are thinking and find a way for you to talk to machines without even opening your mouth. So no more calling out “OK Google”. In the further future, a Neuralink would be able to record and replay memories, even save them to an external drive and download them into a robot SUSTECH branch 678 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection IEEE membership offers so many bene-

The Institute students, researchers, professionals, and of Electrical non professional members to becomes a and Electronics the latest developments and progression in technology, along with informing of all Engineers - IEEE conferences and new updates of the orga- all is allowing students and professors to (IEEE: I-triple-E) is the world’s largest tech- publish their research papers as well as nical professional association, dedicated the announce of available Job opportuni- ties, scholarships and study opportuni- of humanity, it was formed in 1963, with ties.

Jersey, and has More than (419,000) mem- For more about IEEE activities and bers in more than (160) countries. IEEE publishes nearly a third of the world’s look forward to our next edition technical literature and innovations in electrical engineering, computer science, Join IEEE families and be in the lead to and electronics, and has a portfolio many change the world!. technical standards of over 1,300 stan- dards world-wide and more than 600 standards under development. While you nals and conferences in its digital library (the IEEE Xplore®), in addition to many activities and events that IEEE host and published annually.

SUSTECH branch 98 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH It is a method for highlighting facts, all the mentioned information. recording human ideas and presenting new discoveries to keep pace with the Research Parts: development and advancement of society, -Introduction to the research: it highlights and it is an organized method in collecting the importance of the study, it contains reliable information, taking notes and the main topic of the research, as well as objective analysis of that information by some research topics in a brief way. following specific scientific methods. -Research objectives: clarifies the "It is an experimental, organized and objectives of the study. controlled investigation of assumptions -Scientific research hypotheses or that determine the nature of the questions. relationships between the variables of a -Research methodology: such as the particular phenomenon". descriptive approach. researcher Frederick Krlinger. -The body of scientific research: several chapters. Steps for writing scientific research: -Recommendations that would highlight • First: the researcher's distinction and superiority Choosing the topic and determining its over others. title and the extent of its importance. -Conclusion: It is the last part of the research thesis, which presents the final • Second: result reached by the researcher in his Identifying and analyzing the problem study, and shows the judgments and that he will study, based on practical answers. experiences, readings, studies, or research The conclusion should be characterized by that the researcher examines, then containing ideas arranged in a clear formulates it in the form of a clear, specific manner, in direct and strong wording, and understandable phrase or question. taking into account the use of sentences and phrases that give the reader an • Third: Collecting and organizing scientific impression of the end of the research. material in various ways: Books, scientific articles, questionnaires, Fifth: References: personal interviews, or even through It is necessary to document the observation tools. information that the researcher wrote in The researcher must determine the type his study, by developing a list of the of data he needs, choose the appropriate sources that he resorted to during writing source that he will receive from it, and his research, and it contains the author's determine the appropriate and effective book, the title, the year of printing, and way to collect data, and then organize it publication information, and they are using tables, figures, or graphs, or through arranged in alphabetical order. statistical methods. Before following these previous steps, the researcher must first take into account • Fourth: Writing, editing and coordinating objectivity and impartiality, and be the research: accurate, honest, and should use reliable That is, writing the various parts of the sources. research, taking into account the accuracy in choosing words, placing punctuation, reviewing grammatical and spelling rules, clarifying strange words, then numbering the pages, supporting the research by Indexing the contents and documenting SUSTECH branch 109 IEEEXtreme was created in 2006 by Marko Delimar and Ricardo Varela who, at the time, were with the IEEE Student Activities Committee. The first instance of IEEEXtreme was held in 2006 with a global participation of 44 teams and 150 contestants. The numbers more than tripled the second time it was held, in 2008, to 130 teams with 500 partici- pants.The iteration of IEEEXtreme in 2020, participation of over 3,722 teams, 539145 student competitors, 805 student branches , and 2420 volunteers around the world. https://students.ieee.org/xtreme/ https://ieeextreme.org/

Sudan used to participate in IEEEXtreme competitions with very strong teams and smart students from Sudanese universities, camps and arrangements made by the ieeextreme Sudanese ambassadors who are students also help in improving programming and commu- nication skills of Sudanese students participating in the competition and these camps put Sudan In a better place than the previous year, every time. https://www.facebook.com/Ieeextremesudan/ 10 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

A brief history of cellular generations: The first generation of mobile networks(1G) Launched by Nippon Tele- graph and Telephone in 1979, 1G was first introduced to the citizens of Tokyo. By 1984, the first generational network covered all of Japan, making it the first country to have 1G service nationwide , 1G used analog to carry voices over encrypt- ed radio waves. in 1983, the US approved the first 1G operations and the Motorola’s From5G the first signal of a message has DynaTAC became one of the first ‘mobile’ been sent through the first generation of phones to see widespread use stateside. mobile wireless networks in the late Other countries such as Canada and the 1970s, the human innovation of network- UK rolled out their own 1G networks a few ing has evolved in the last decade and years later. Although that 1G was a major the internet covered the whole planet shift at that time but it suffered draw- that made a statement like “the world backs like bad quality sound, noise, cover- became a small village” a forgettable age and security risks. Download speed cliche and the internet speeds passed it over 1G was also slow and only reached like everything it passes and the rapid around 2.4kbps. growth of users and technical needs in all aspects of life needed improvement time over time, until we reached the 5G tech- nology, but how did we reach here? to the fifth generation and definitely won’t be the last, 5G technology and how it’s breaking the limitations and what are the impacts on the life and technology today? The second generation of mobile networks(2G) was launched under the GSM standard in Finland in 1991. For the first time, calls could be encrypted and digital voice calls were significantly clear- er people could send text messag- es(SMS), picture messages, and multime- dia messages(MMS) on their phones. The third generation of mobile networks(3G) was launched by NTT DoCoMo in 2001 and aimed to standardize the network Compared to 2G, 3G had 4 times the data protocol used by vendors. This meant transferring capabilities reaching up to 2 that users could access data from any Mbps on average. Because of this location in the world as the ‘data packets’ increase, video streaming, video confer- that drive web connectivity were stan- ences, live video chat, and Emails was pos- dardized. This made international roam- sible. What made 3G revolutionary, ing services a real possibility for the first though, was the ability to surf the inter- time. net(basic HTML pages at the time) and stream music on mobile.

SUSTECH branch 11 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

There were two major smartphone com- multi-Gbps peak data speeds, ultra low petitors over 3G - Blackberry and Apple. latency, more reliability, massive network The fourth generation of mobile capacity, increased availability. Although networks(4G) was first deployed in Stock- 5G hasn’t launched across the globe yet, holm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway in 2009 its new network capabilities will lead to as the Long Term Evolution(LTE) 4G stan- the next digital revolution. 5G is so fast, dard. It was subsequently introduced thinking only about mobile usage is quite throughout the world and made limited. The next generation of wireless high-quality video streaming a reality for cellular tech will see the enhancement of millions of consumers. 4G offers fast machine to machine connectivity bring- mobile web access (up to 1 Gigabit per ing in a new automated society. Technolo- second for stationary users) which facili- gies such as AI, IoT, and Cloud Computing tates gaming services, HD videos and HQ will make extraordinary leaps over the video conferencing. The catch was that next few years. while transitioning from 2G to 3G was as In the health industry alone, 5G is revolu- simple as switching SIM cards, mobile tionizing the way medical professionals devices needed to be specifically and patients work together. On 5G’s designed to support 4G. This helped network, Artificial Intelligence will soon device manufacturers scale their profits diagnose and develop treatment plans dramatically by introducing new for you better than your doctor ever 4G-ready handsets and was one factor could. Soon, robots could wander on farm- behind Apple’s rise to become the er’s fields, monitoring crop conditions world’s first trillion dollar company. and harvesting grain. 5G more than just faster internet: The revolutionary impact of 5G on other For more than 3 decades technology fields will affect the global econonmy. kept developing to satisfy the needs of Through a landmark 5G Economy study, people and its growth reflected all other found that 5G’s full economic effect will aspects of life and the integration with likely be realized across the globe by technology touched all the things we do 2035—supporting a wide range of indus- from the cars we drive to the surgeries in tries and potentially enabling up to $13.2 hospitals and many other things. trillion worth of goods and services and The Internet of Things Era : addition to 22 million new jobs will be No one company or person owns 5G, but created. This impact is much greater than there are several companies within the previous network generations As of Jan mobile ecosystem that are contributing 2020, commercial 5G networks have to bringing 5G to life. Qualcomm has been deployed in 378 cities across 34 played a major role in inventing the many countries and still counting. Broadly, the foundational technologies that drive the EMEA region(Europe, the Middle East, industry forward and make up 5G, the and Africa) is top of the list with 168 cities next wireless standard. with 5G networks. Asia ranks second with We are at the heart of the 3rd Generation 156 cities, while the Americas in third has Partnership Project (3GPP), the industry it in 53 cities. The 5G rollouts making the organization that defines the global spec- list include both mobile and fixed wire- ifications for 3G UMTS (including HSPA), less networks. 4G LTE, and 5G technologies. 5G enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and devices. 5G wire- less technology is meant to deliver higher . SUSTECH branch 12 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

There are several countries with it on the implement 5G wireless network rollouts. agenda for future development or adop- As a result, several countries, regions, tion like Puerto Rico, Brazil, and Colombia businesses, and organizations are ban- in south America, in Africa, the Nigerian ning, debating, or rethinking their busi- Communications Commission (NCC) indi- ness relationships with Huawei. Unfortu- cates that 5G is expected to roll out some- nately 5G technology hasn’t reached time in 2020. Telecommunications com- Sudan yet but if it available in a country pany Inwi, which covers over 90% of the you resident in you will need to get a new country with mobile internet access, is smartphone that supports 5G if you want bringing 5G to Morocco. Safaricom is to be able to use the network. For exam- slated to launch it in Nairobi, Kenya, Mean- ple, smartphones powered by the Snap- while, in Madagascar, 5G arrived in Anta- dragon X55 or Snapdragon X60 nanarivo and Toamasina, through Modem-RF System are 5G compatible. network provider Telma. In partnership There are several new mobile phones with Samsung, Russia’s largest mobile available that are designed to support 5G, operator, Mobile TeleSystems(MTS), and multiple carriers across the world opened a private 5G network in early support the 5G wireless network. There 2020. 5G networks are projected to cover have been new 5G phones brought to over 80% of the Russian population by market across a much wider range of 2025. South Korea, China, and the United price points, from $500 to more than States are the countries that lead the $1,500. Of course as the 5G rollout time- world in building and deploying 5G tech- line progresses, more smartphones and nology. South Korea is ahead of other carrier subscriptions will become avail- countries in 5G deployment. The country able, as 5G technology and 5G compati- has rolled out 5G to 85 cities as of Jan ble devices becoming more mainstream. 2020. Government officials estimate 90% of Korea’s mobile users will be on a 5G network by 2026 After South Korea, China ranks second as the country with the most cities in which 5G is available. As of Jan 2020, China had deployed 5G technol- ogy in 57 cities. The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSMA) projects China will have 460 million 5G connec- tions by 2025. As of Jan 2020, 5G had been deployed in 50 cities in the United States. The race to the 5G technology is inter- leaved with political issues especially between USA and china. USA claim that China’s Huawei Technologies products may contain security holes that China’s government can use for spying purposes. Despite the fact that Huawei is willing to sign “no-spy” agreements with govern- ments, global discussion about the com- pany’s alleged business practices has intensified in recent months, fueled by the ongoing trade war between the USA and China, and the general rush by coun- tries and commercial organizations to

SUSTECH branch 13 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection Artificial Muscles As a cucumber plant grows, it sprouts Populations of bees, butterflies and other tightly coiled tendrils that seek out sup- agricultural pollinators have been declin- ports in order to pull the plant upward. ing at alarming rates in recent years, This ensures the plant receives as much putting global food supplies at risk. sunlight exposure as possible. Now, Inspired by nature, engineers at the Har- researchers at MIT have found a way to vard Microrobotics Laboratory in collabo- imitate this coiling-and-pulling mecha- ration with Northeastern University have nism to produce contracting fibers that created ‘RoboBees’ the first microrobot could be used as artificial muscles for powered by soft artificial muscles, minia- robots, prosthetic limbs, or other mechan- ture flying robots that can lift off, hover ical and biomedical applications. and perch to save energy. They can also These fibers, which often include light- swim and fly through wind and dust. "The weight polymers such as nylon or RoboBees can eventually be used for high-density polyethylene, can be more search and rescue, for example in areas powerful, based on their weight, than where larger robots won't fit" said Har- human muscles. As they contract, some vard Microrobotics Laboratory PhD candi- can lift more than 1,000 times their own date Elizabeth Helbling. "They would also mass, says Sameh Tawfick, a mechanical return with the information faster, as you engineer at the University of Illinois at wouldn't have to wait for one robot to Urbana-Champaign. The fibers enable come back, but instead have a whole engineers to store a lot of energy in a swarm of them covering a forest or simi- small space, which “lets them do things lar". Artificial muscles are the core compo- they can’t otherwise do” notes Tawfick, nents of the smart and interactive soft who co-authored a perspective on the robotic systems, providing the capabili- studies published in the same issue of ties in shape morphing, manipulation, Science. and mobility. As the fiber is heated or cooled, the high-density polyethylene(HDPE) expands or contracts about five times faster than the elastomer to which it is bonded, which tends to shorten or increase the overall length of the coiled fiber, respectively Such artificial muscle fibers could find uses as actuators in robotic arms, legs, or grippers, and in prosthetic limbs, where their slight weight and fast response times could provide a significant advantage. Some prosthetic limbs today can weigh as much as 30 pounds, with much of the weight coming from actuators, which are often pneumatic or hydraulic; light- er-weight actuators could thus make life much easier for those who use prosthet- ics.

SUSTECH branch 14 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

Intense research efforts in the develop- ment of artificial muscles are based on the dielectric elastomer actuators, pneu- matic actuators, electrochemical actua- tors, soft magnetic actuators, and stimu- lus responsive polymers. Recent progress has presented artificial muscles with impressive specific power output exceed- ing that of the natural muscles, dexterous shape morphing behavior that can be programmed and reconfigured, and exceptional high maneuverability to traverse surfaces with obstacles and different textures.

SUSTECH branch 15 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection IEEE Sudan Conferences

Interview with : Fay Majid Ahmed Elhassan

- Vice President of IEEE Sudan - Electrical and electronics --engineering graduate, with --specialization in control - The journey started with IEEE --sudan as an ambassador for --IEEE day, followed by events in IEEE Sudan - Media volunteer in 2017 - Media coordinator in 2018 - General coordinator in 2019 Fay Majid - Now Vice President at IEEE Ahmed Elhassan --SUDAN - Arab women in computing- Vice President of IEEE Sudan Sudan chapter, Vice President

SUSTECH branch 16 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

Fay says that she always seeks to orga- Conferences organized or co-organized nize many activities and conferences by IEEE Sudan: even outside the IEEE or Arab women in They are scientific conferences related to computing to encourage Sudanese computer science and technology, the youth and children for scientific and last three years have proven their name cultural development and global renais- as conferences related to control, comput- sance. ers, electricity and electronics (ICCCEEE) Fay Elhassan loves voluntary work and with scientific papers. fully believes that life is not only an academic work, but that life also needs volunteering work. Fay says that volun- teering is what actually builds a person and this is what the world is looking for now. How did the idea of conferences start and what are the challenges that faced When was IEEE Sudan created: IEEE Sudan: It was formed in 2012 by Professor Sharief 2013 began with the purpose of increas- F. Babiker who is currently the President ing awareness in the fields of electricity of IEEE Sudan, with him a number of and electronics and awareness of the members also helped in the establish- importance of scientific research and to ment of IEEE SUDAN in 2012. serve the general idea of scientific confer- ences, as well as documenting inventions reached by the Sudanese res e archer or The role of student branches in inventor. universities: They raise awareness of IEEE among the rest of the students and register volun- In ICCCEEE, the number of scientific teers for IEEE Sudan. They hold scientific papers accepted in 2018 was more than workshops within universites aiming to 200 scientific papers. acquaint the university student with all In 2019 there are about 150 scientific the sessions and conferences that IEEE papers. Sudan does, and pave the way for 2020 we had 128 accepted scientific him/her to participate in these confer- papers. ences. We can say we have more than 400 scien- Fay believes that the student branches tific papers only during three years aim to unite the IEEE Sudan community (beginning of ICCCEEE Sudan). as a single unit for the exchange of knowl- edge and scientific advancement. The rate of acceptance of scientific papers has reached 60%. Fay Elhassan believes that this percentage of accep- tance is very excellent, and looking forward to an increase.

Awareness is made through the social media, and the conference is taking place every year instead of every two years, this keeps the idea of leadership competition alive and continuous.

SUSTECH branch 17 IEEE Region 8,Africa Sudan subsection

The benefit to the researcher: Fay Elhassan stresses the necessity of As soon as a scientific paper is published scientific research and its development, in the name of a specific researcher, this and that the Sudanese researcher needs paper is reviewed globally and attracts to research and investigate the roots of the attention of scientists and research- problems and crises in order to be able to ers globally, and this, in turn, returns to obtain effective scientific research the researcher who owns the scientific results. paper with a lot of scientific and academ- Fay Alhassan says that the world is devel- ic benefit in his field. Also, this scientific oping with scientific research and that paper helps students and other research- Sudan can raise the youth who are orient- ers in the same scientific field, and this is ed towards scientific research. an exchange of knowledge on a global level to solve global problems. (Let's don't wait for the solutions, let's Fay Elhassan believes that practical create the solutions). papers pave the way a lot and shorten a lot towards success.

The difficulties and challenges we faced were the lack of knowledge of the Suda- nese scientific community about the IEEEncommunity as a whole, as well as the lack of Sudanese scientific papers at the time, and the lack of a culture of scien- tific papers among students, how to write them, and general controls for them.

Tips for Sudanese youth and researchers: The researcher's path does not stop after the scientific paper is approved. Rather, the student must search for the bodies that support and can adopt his scientific research and apply it on the ground so that we see realistic solutions to all prob- lems and crises in Sudan and the world as a whole.

SUSTECH branch 18 IEEE SUSTECH magazine is an CONTENT WRITERS ƺȇǕǣȇƺƺȸǣȇǕɀƬǣƺȇɎǣˡƬȅƏǕƏɿǣȇƺً which aims to provide Alaa NusrAldein opportunities for knowledge and access to the latest achievements Eiman AbdElgadir ƏȇƳɀƬǣƺȇɎǣˡƬȸƺɀƺƏȸƬǝǣȇɎǝƺ Alhassan ˡƺǼƳȒǔƬȒȅȵɖɎƺȸًȵȸȒǕȸƏȅȅǣȇǕً electrical and electronic Eman Omer engineering. Hasbullah Magazine We aspire to strengthen the spirit Mariam Ibrahim ȒǔȸƺɀƺƏȸƬǝًȵƏȸɎǣƬǣȵƏɎǣȒȇƏȇƳ competition at all levels of Elzoma ƺȇǕǣȇƺƺȸǣȇǕƏȇƳȸƺɀƺƏȸƬǝًƏȇƳɎȒ develop learning ideologies and Mohammed Mostafa systematic engineering thought ɎȒȒƫɎƏǣȇɀȅƏȸɎًɀɖɀɎƏǣȇƏƫǼƺ SidAhmed Faisal solutions that put a footprint in all aspects of humanity. áƺȵɖɎǣȇɵȒɖȸǝƏȇƳɀɎǝƺˡȸɀɎ Yahia Atif Almagbol edition of IEEE SUSTECH ȅƏǕƏɿǣȇƺًǝȒȵǣȇǕɎǝƏɎǣɎɯǣǼǼǝƺǼȵ DESIGNERS and inspire you on your path towards innovation and distinction. Abdallah Alyamni

Ahmed Salah

Magazine Team Anas Alwaleed MAIN CORDINATOR Mohammed Kamal Eiman AbdElgadir Alhassan Mustafa Idrees

[email protected] @SUSTechSB