Geology and Paleontology of Canal Zone and Adjoining Parts of Panama Description of Tertiary Mollusks (Gastropods: Eulimidae, Marginellidae to Helminthoglyptidae)
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
Geology and Paleontology of Canal Zone and Adjoining Parts of Panama Description of Tertiary Mollusks (Gastropods: Eulimidae, Marginellidae to Helminthoglyptidae) GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 306-D Geology and Paleontology of Canal Zone and Adjoining Parts of Panama Description of Tertiary Mollusks (Gastropods: Eulimidae, Marginellidae to Helminthoglyptidae) By W. P. WOODRING GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 306-D A contribution to the history of the Panama land bridge UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1970 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WALTER J. HICKEL, Secretary GEOLOGICAL SURVEY William T. Pecora, Director For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 - Price 32.25 (paper cover) CONTENTS Page Page Abstract.._________________________________________ 299 Description of Tertiary mollusks continued from chap Introduction-______________________________________ 299 ter C__________________________________________ 326 Fieldwork and acknowledgments._____________________ 300 Gastropods continued from chapter C__________ 326 Changes in formation and age assignments.____________ 300 Family Eulimidae___________________________ 326 Additions to annotated bibliography,_________________ 301 Family Marginellidae___-_________-__-_-____ 330 Additions to localities at which fossils were collected_____ 301 New generic and subgeneric names.___________________ 303 Family Cancellariidae.._____________________ 334 Gastropod faunal summaries and age of formations. ____ 303 Family Conidae____________________________ 345 Eocene series.._________________________________ 303 Family Turridae___--___-___________________ 360 Gatuncillo formation._______________________ 303 Family Terebridae__________________________ 403 Eocene or Oligocene series.______________________ 304 Family Pyramidellidae____--_-__-____--_____ 414 Marine member of Bohio(?) formation .-_____ 304 Family Acteonidae______-__-_-____-_________ 415 Oligocene series__----_-_______________-____-____ 305 Family Ringiculidae________________________ 416 Bohio formation.___________________________ 305 Family Scaphandridae______-____---_______ 417 Caimito formation._________________________ 306 Family Philinidae_________________________ 420 Caraba formation.__________________________ 307 Panama formation-____-___-________-_-----_ 308 Family Bullidae---____-_--__---_---_-______ 421 Miocene series________________________________ 309 Family Atyidae___________________________ 422 Culebra formation._________________________ 309 Family Retusidae___---__--------_------___- 423 Cucaracha formation..______________________ 311 Family Spiratellidae___-__-__-__-___________- 426 La Boca formation, including Emperador lime Family Cavolinidae_________________________ 427 stone member.___________________________ 311 Family Ellobiidae_________________________ 429 Alhajuela formation.._______________________ 317 Family Helminthoglyptidae._________________ 429 Gatun formation._____________-_______----_ 317 Additions and corrections to families covered in Chagres sandstone, including Toro limestone preceding chapters._______________________ 430 member_ ________________________________ 322 Holocene series.___________________-____-------_ 325 References cited____________________________________ 435 Informally designated Atlantic and Pacific muck_ 325 Index _________--__-_-_-------__------___------__-- 441 ILLUSTRATIONS [Plates follow index] PLATE 48. Middle Eocene mollusk from Gatuncillo formation, late Eocene or early Oligocene mollusks from marine member of Bohio (?) formation, late Oligocene mollusks from Bohio and Caimito formations, and early Miocene mollusks from La Boca formation. 49. Late Oligocene mollusks from Caimito formation, early Miocene mollusk from La Boca formation, and middle Miocene mollusks from Gatun formation. 50. Early Miocene mollusks from La Boca formation and Chipola formation of Florida. 51. Early Miocene mollusk from Emperador limestone member of La Boca formation and middle Miocene mollusks from Gatun formation. 52-61. Middle Miocene mollusks from Gatun formation. 62, 63. Middle Miocene mollusks from Gatun formation and late Miocene mollusks from Chagres sandstone. 64, 65. Protoconchs of middle Miocene turrids from Gatun formation. 66. Protoconchs of middle Miocene turrids and terebrids, and pteropod from Gatun formation. in GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF CANAL ZONE AND ADJOINING PARTS OF PANAMA DESCRIPTION OF TERTIARY MOLLUSKS (GASTROPODS: EULIMIDAE, MARGINELLIDAE TO HELMINTHOGLYPTIDAE) By W. P. WOODEING ABSTRACT The early Miocene Alhajuela formation is defined to include The present chapter completes the description of the gastro the youngest strata in Madden basin. It includes a lower mem pods in the fossilferous formations, with the exception of some ber (the calcareous sandstone member of the Caimito forma 20 species in recently acquired collections. It covers 187 species tion of former usage) and an upper member (the Alhajuela and subspecies in 18 families and 13 other unnamed species are sandstone member of the Caimito formation of former usage). briefly described or mentioned. This brings the total so far As in other chapters, the bulk of the fossils 135 species and covered to 444 and 56, respectively, in the two categories. subspecies and two unnamed forms were collected in the Special attention is devoted to the family Turridae, represented Gatun formation. They include 18 cancellarids, 16 conids, 50 by 70 species and subspecies. turrids, and 13 terebrids. The distribution of the nonendemic Only two of the species were found in the Gatuncillo forma species of the Gatun indicates that the entire formation is of tion, the middle Eocene part of the formation. A late Eocene or middle Miocene age. The upper part in the western area, west early Oligocene age is retained for the marine member of the of the Canal Zone, formerly was considered to be late Miocene. Bohio(?) formation, although Eocene affinities outweigh Oligo A late Miocene age is adopted for the Chagres sandstone, cene. Perhaps the most striking example of Eocene affinity is instead of early Pliocene. afforded by Glyptostyla panamensis, which is redescribed and According to radiocarbon dates, the informally named Atlan reillustrated. It is closely related to an Eocene Nigerian species. tic and Pacific muck, formerly assigned a Pleistocene age, were Averellia stewarti, from the Bohio(?), is the oldest land snail deposited during the post-glacial rise of sea level. from Central America. The late Oligocene part of the Bohio formation yielded INTRODUCTION Strioterebrum Hstrotum, the first unequivocal Strioterebrum from the Oligocene of the Caribbean region. The fossils from Preparation of chapter D was started in 1962, but the Caimito formation, also of late Oligocene age, include was interrupted at intervals by other activities. This Vaginella lophota, the first Oligocene American pteropod of the chapter was designed to complete description of the genus Vaginella, and the earliest pteropod of the genus Cavo- lina: C. xenica. gastropods and it does so, with the exception of some The name Carabra formation is adopted for strata,formerly 20 species in recently acquired collections from the assigned to the Caimito formation. The Panama formation is Gatuncillo, La Boca, and Gatun formations. Six of redefined to include strata in the Pacific coastal area formerly those species of special interest, however, are included assigned to the Bohio and Caimito formations. Both the Caraba in the present chapter and additional data, including and Panama include marine lenses containing late Oligocene corrections, are presented for three species described in larger foraminifera. preceding chapters. Due to the shifting of fossil localities from the Culebra formation to the La Boca formation, distribution tables have Chapter D covers 187 species and subspecies and 13 been compiled for all of the gastropods from both of those other unnamed species that are briefly described or early Miocene formations. Those from the La Boca described in mentioned. This brings the total so far covered to 444 the present chapter include Floribella aldrichi, a remarkable and 56, respectively, in the two categories. Two addi philinid, and Ellobium aff. E. pellucens, the first American tional chapters are planned to take care of the remain fossil representative of the salt-marsh pulmonate genus Ello- Mum. The Emperador limestone member of the La Boca ing recently acquired gastropods and also the scapho- yielded Campanile cf. C. herculeanus. That form and C. her- pods, pelecypods, and cephalopods: an estimated 250 culeanus itself are the last American species of the genus, species. younger than any in Europe. The fine-grained rocks in Madden As shown in the following table, the gastropods so basin, overlying the agglomerate of the pyroclastic-clay mem ber of the Caimito formation of former usage, are now assigned far described are unevenly distributed in the marine to the La Boca. formations. 299 300 GEOLOGY AND PALEONTOLOGY OF CANAL ZONE Species of gastropods in marine formations CHANGES IN FORMATION AND AGE ASSIGNMENTS Number of Formation The geographic and geologic features mentioned in Eocene series: the following summary are shown on plate 1, chapter Gatuncillo_ ____________________________________ 33 Eocene or Oligoceiie series: A. Marine member of Bohio(?)______________________ 37 The name Caraba formation, defined on page 307, is Oligocene series: