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ENERGY TRENDS SEPTEMBER 2016 September 2016 This document is available in large print, audio and braille on request. Please email [email protected] with the version you require. This is a National Statistics publication The United Kingdom Statistics Authority has designated these statistics as National Statistics, in accordance with the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and signifying compliance with the UK Statistics Authority: Code of Practice for Official Statistics. Designation can be broadly interpreted to mean that the statistics: meet identified user needs are well explained and readily accessible are produced according to sound methods, and are managed impartially and objectively in the public interest Once statistics have been designated as National Statistics it is a statutory requirement that the Code of Practice shall continue to be observed © Crown copyright 2016 You may re-use this information (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence. To view this licence, visit www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government- licence/version/3/ or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: [email protected]. Any enquiries regarding this publication should be sent to us at [email protected]. This publication is available for download at www.gov.uk/government/statistics/energy- trends-september-2016. Contents Introduction 3 The main points for the second quarter of 2016 4 Section 1 - Total Energy 5 Tables 1.1: Indigenous production of primary fuels 9 1.2: Inland energy consumption: primary fuel input basis 10 1.3: Supply and use of fuels 11 Section 2 - Solid Fuels and Derived Gases 13 Tables 2.1: Supply and consumption of coal 16 2.2: Supply and consumption of coke oven coke, coke breeze and other 17 manufactured solid fuels 2.3: Supply and consumption of coke oven gas, blast furnace gas, 18 benzole and tars Section 3 - Oil and Oil Products 19 Tables 3.1: Supply and use of crude oil, natural gas liquids and feedstocks 24 3.2: Supply and use of petroleum products 25 3.4: Supply and use of petroleum products 26 3.5: Biofuels sales and sales through supermarkets 27 3.6: Stocks of petroleum at end of period 28 3.7: Drilling activity on the UK Continental Shelf 29 Section 4 - Gas 30 Table 4.1: Natural gas supply and consumption 35 Section 5 - Electricity 36 Tables 5.1: Fuel used in electricity generation and electricity supplied 40 5.2: Supply and consumption of electricity 41 Section 6 - Renewables 42 Tables 6.1: Renewable electricity capacity and generation 46 6.2: Liquid biofuels for transport consumption 47 1 September 2016 Contents continued Special feature articles Renewable electricity in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the regions of 48 England in 2015 Combined Heat and Power in Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland and the regions of 63 England in 2015 Diversity of supply for oil and oil products in OECD countries in 2015 75 Competition in gas supply 86 Competition in UK electricity markets 89 New methodology for estimating inland deliveries of road fuels and gas oil 93 Coal in 2015 95 International energy price comparisons 103 Recent and forthcoming publications of interest to users of energy statistics 109 September 2016 2 Introduction Energy Trends and Energy Prices are produced by the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) on a quarterly basis. Both periodicals are published concurrently in June, September, December and March. The September editions cover the second quarter of the current year. Energy Trends includes information on energy as a whole and by individual fuels. The text and charts provide an analysis of the data in the tables. The tables are mainly in commodity balance format, as used in the annual Digest of UK Energy Statistics. The 2016 edition of the Digest was published on 28 July 2016 and is available on the BEIS section of the GOV.UK website at: www.gov.uk/government/collections/digest-of-uk-energy-statistics-dukes The balance format shows the flow of a commodity from its sources of supply, through to its final use. The articles provide in-depth information on current issues within the energy sector. The text and tables included in this publication represent a snapshot of the information available at the time of publication. However, the data collection systems operated by BEIS, which produce this information, are in constant operation. New data are continually received and revisions to historic data made. To ensure that those who use the statistics have access to the most up-to-date information, revised data will be made available as soon as possible, via the electronic versions of these tables. The electronic versions are available free of charge from the BEIS section of the GOV.UK website. In addition to quarterly tables, the main monthly tables that were published in the period up to May 2001 when Energy Trends was produced monthly, continue to be updated and are also available on the BEIS section of the GOV.UK website. Both sets of tables can be accessed at: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-for-business-energy-and-industrial- strategy/about/statistics Energy Trends does not contain information on Foreign Trade, Weather (temperature, wind speed, sun hours and rainfall) and Prices. Foreign Trade and Weather tables are, however, available on the BEIS section of the GOV.UK website at: www.gov.uk/government/organisations/department-of-energy-climate-change/about/statistics. Information on Prices can be found in the Energy Prices publication and on the BEIS section of the GOV.UK website at: www.gov.uk/government/collections/quarterly-energy-prices If you have any comments on Energy Trends or Energy Prices publications please send them to: Kevin Harris BEIS Energy Statistics Team 6th Floor – Area B 3 Whitehall Place London SW1A 2AW E-mail: [email protected] Tel: 0300 068 5041 3 September 2016 The main points for the second quarter of 2016: Total energy production was 3.6 per cent lower than in the second quarter of 2015. Oil production rose by 1.1 per cent when compared with the second quarter of 2015, boosted by new fields coming online and less maintenance activity than in 2015. Natural gas production was 4.0 per cent lower than the second quarter of 2015. Gas imports rose by 20 per cent driven by increased imports from Norway. Coal production in the second quarter of 2016 was 61 per cent lower than the second quarter of 2015, due to mines closing and some other mines producing less coal as they are coming to the end of operation. Coal imports were 77 per cent lower as generators’ demand for coal fell by 71 per cent to a record low. Total primary energy consumption for energy fell by 0.5 per cent. However, when adjusted to take account of weather differences between the second quarter of 2015 and the second quarter of 2016, total primary energy consumption fell by 2.1 per cent continuing the downward trend. Temperatures in the quarter were on average 0.2 degrees warmer than a year earlier, however April 2016 was 1.6 degrees cooler than a year earlier. Final energy consumption (excluding non-energy use) was 1.7 per cent higher than in the second quarter of 2015. Other final users (mainly services) consumption rose by 2.6 per cent, transport consumption rose by 2.4 per cent, domestic consumption rose by 1.6 per cent, whilst industrial consumption fell by 0.3 per cent. On a temperature adjusted basis, final energy consumption rose by 3.1 per cent, with rises in all sectors except industry which fell by 0.7 per cent. Gas demand was 16.4 per cent higher than the second quarter of 2015 driven by an increase in use by electricity generators, whilst electricity consumption was 0.6 per cent lower than in the second quarter of 2015. Total deliveries of the key transport fuels were up 2.1 per cent when compared to the same period last year. Motor spirit deliveries were down 0.1 per cent, whilst DERV deliveries were up 2.9 per cent and aviation turbine fuel deliveries were up 2.6 per cent. Electricity generated in the second quarter of 2016 fell by 0.3 per cent, from 78.5 TWh a year earlier to 78.3 TWh. There has been a large switch in generation from coal to gas, which will have reduced emissions. Of electricity generated in the second quarter of 2016, gas accounted for 45.2 per cent, whilst coal accounted for a record low of only 5.8 per cent. Nuclear generation accounted for 21.3 per cent of total electricity generated in the second quarter of 2016. Low carbon electricity’s share of generation dropped slightly from 47.0 per cent in the second quarter of 2015 to 46.2 per cent in the second quarter of 2016. Renewables’ share of electricity generation decreased from 25.4 per cent in the second quarter of 2015 to 24.9 per cent in the second quarter of 2016, this was despite increased renewable capacity but was due to less favourable weather conditions for renewable generation (lower wind speeds, rainfall and sun hours). Renewable electricity generation fell by 2.2 per cent compared to a year earlier. September 2016 4 Total Energy Section 1 - Total Energy Key results show: Total energy production was 3.6 per cent lower than in the second quarter of 2015. (Charts 1.1 & 1.2) Total primary energy consumption for energy uses fell by 0.5 per cent.