148 Vo1.l7: no.3

AN ANNOTATED SUPPLEMENT TO THE STATE LIST OF LOUISIANA AND SKIPPERS

by GARY N. Ross and EDWARD N. LAMBREMONT

INTRODUCTION

Additional collections and information gathered since the publication of an annotated Louisiana list of Rhopalocera (Lambremont, 1954) are sufficient to require the publication of a supplementary revision. Except for one report of a mass flight of ocola (Edwards) by PENN ( 1955), another report of a new larval food plant of Erynnis zarucco (Lucas) by KENDALL (1960), and of a sight record of Speyeria diana (Cramer) reported by MATHER and MATHER (1958), no further infor­ mation on the butterflies of the state has been published. The present supplement adds eleven new names to the state list, n.ine of which are new state records based on collected material. This supplement generally follows the original format. Nomenclature usage follows EHRLICH and EHRLICH (1961), except for the Hesperiidae which follows DOS PASSOS (1960). Only those species that constitute Significant extensions of flight date, abundance, or range, or that are new state or parish records will be discussed. Many additional specimens duplicating the original information were also examined, but no further mention of these will be made at this time. Actual collection data will be given only for new state records, and for a few additional species that modify the original concept of range, flight dates, or larval food plants. The following abbreviations are used: ETA (EDWARD T. ARMSTRONG), ENL (Dr. EDWARD N. L.<\MBREMONT), BLM (BURT L. MONROE), LDN (Dr. L. DALE NEWSOM) , COP (CAHHOLL O. PHILLIPS), WPR (W. PAT HICKEY), LWR (LYMAN W. HORERTS), GNR (GARY N. Hoss), WTS (Dr. WILLIAM T. SPINK) , JRS (JAMES R. STEWART), LSU (Louisiana State University, Department of Entomology Collections, Mrs. JOAN B. CHAPIN, Curator). We are indebted to all of these persons (all of Baton Rouge, La. with the exception of C. O. PHILLIPS and J. R. STEWART who are from Shreveport, La.) who contributed material which is in­ corporated into the collection data in the annotated list. In addition, we wish to thank the following persons who contributed specimens, or who helped in certain taxonomic identifications, and other related problems: KEITH A. ARNOLD (Baton Rouge, La.), Dr. :\1. S. BLUM, Dr. 1963 ] ournal of the Lepidopterists' Society 149

DAN F. CLOWER, and A. D. OLIVER, (Dept. of Entomology, Louisiana State University), Dr. N. W. EARLE (United States Dept. of Agriculture), J. R. HEITZMAN (Independence, Missouri), HENRY R. HERMANN (New Orleans, La.), Mr. & Mrs. BRYANT MATHER (Jackson, Miss.), DALE K. POLLET (Gramercy, La.), Dr. WALFRIED J. REINTHAL (Knoxville, Tenn.), and Dr. STEPHEN M. RUSSELL (Louisiana State University in New Orleans) .

ANNOTATED SUPPLEMENT

SATYRIDAE Lethe portlandia portlandia (Fabricius). Although this insect had not been recorded since 1897 (Skinner), it has now been found to occur at several localities. These are: EAST BATON BOUGE: Balton ~ouge, 11 Oct. 1914, l'i' (LSU), 20 Sept. 1959, 1 ~ & 22 Sepit. 1959, 2 ~ ~ (ENL), 10 June 1960, 1 ~ (LSU); IBERIA: Avery Island, 5 July 1958, 15 (GNR); WEST FELICIANA: Bailli'i, 29 April 1961, U ~, 2~ ~ (GNR), Weyanoke, 24 March 1962, l'i' (BLM), 29 March 1962, 1 ~ (GNR). This species seems to be quite local in occurrence and this is perhaps the reason for j1ts scanty appearances. However, at Avery Island it was very abundant, flying low to the ground in the bamboo sites. At Bains, it was common in a circle of approximately 50 ft. in diameter. It did not stray £>rom this area, but alighted on the leaves and trunks of the hardwood trees. When approached it would dalt away, but would soon return to its former position. Lethe creola (Skinner). This species was erroneously omitted from the original list, and an account of the rectification of this error is presented by MATHER and MATHER (1958). We feel that it is of some significance that L. creola has not been taken in Louisiana since its original description by SKINNER ( 1897) from the Opelousas area. MATHER and MATHER (1958) reported only 9 specimens for the state of Mississippi. Flight dates were predominantly in July, August, and September. However, Dr. C. L. REMINGTON (personal communication)­ has indicated that Yale University has collections of L. creola taken by F. R. ARNHOLD in Louisiana. Euptychia cyrnela cymela (Cramer). The one new parish record is WEST FELICIANA. Euptychia hermes sosybius (Fabricius). The new parish records are BEAUREGARD, DESOTO, EAST BATON ROUGE,andLAFOURCHE. Euptychia areolata areolata (J. E. Smith). The new parish listing is BEAUREGARD. 150 Ross & LAMBREMONT: Louisiana Vo1.l7: no.3

Euptychia gemma gemma (HUbner). The new parish records are BEAUHEGAHD and DESOTO. Cercyonis pegala pegala (Fabricius). The only new parish record is BEAUHEGAHD.

DANAIDAE

Danaus pZexippus pZexippus (Linne). The four new parish listings are CAMEHON, EAST BATON HOUGE, LAFOUHCHE, and PLA­ QUEMINES. Danaus gilippus berenice (Cramer). This rare straggler was recorded previously from only four parishes and these were all in the southern part of the state. The new listings are: CADDO: Shreveport, 10 Oct. 1957, 1 (COP); Hobson, 30 Oct. 1957, 1 c;> OHS); DESOTO: Pelican, 9 Nov. 1957,10 OHS).

NYMPHALIDAE Agraulis vanillae nigrior ( Linne) . The one new parish record is EAST BATON HOUGE. Euptoieta claudia claudia (Cramer). The new parish records are EAST BATON HOUGE, JEFFEHSON DAVIS, and ST. JAMES. Speyeria diana (Cramer). This species is included on the basis of a reliable sight record noted by MATHER and MATHER (1958). One female was sighted in Tallulah, MADISON Parish. This is a new name for the list, but in the authors' estimation is probably a stray from the northeast. Chlosyne gorgone gorgone (HUbner). The trivial name gorgone appeared in the original list in the genus Phyciodes. The reference there was to Phyciodes phaon, of which P. gorgone is a synonym (Holland, 1931). ChloSlJne gorgone therefore represents a new state record. The listings are : CADDO: Blanchard, 5 April 1958, 2 c;> c;> OHS); Fluornoy, 25 May 1958, 10 OHS); Shreveport, 9 March 1958, 10, 2 April 1958, 20 0 (JHS ); DESOTO: Pelican, 30 May 1958, 20 0, 1 '? (JHS ) . Mr. STEWART states that aU of these individuals were captured in grassy spots which were surrounded by mixed hardwood-coniferous forests. Further collecting must be done in this northwestern comer of the state to prove whether or not this species is a permanent resident. Phyciodes phaon (Edwards). This species was originally listed as P. gorgone (see above) and is not a new species for the state. However, the additional parish records for P. phaon are BEAUHEGAHD and EAST BATON ROUGE. Phyciodes tharos tharos (Drury). The one new parish is BEA UHE­ CARD. 1963 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 151

Phyciodes texana seminole (Edwards). This species has not been previously recorded from the state. The new records are: CADDO: Shreveport, 15 Nov. 1958,10" (JRS); EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 17 June 1960, 10" (ENL), 28 June 1960, 20" 0", 1 <;> & 29 June 1960,1<;> (WPR), 5 July 1960,1;1;,1 <;> (WPR & LWR); ST. TAMMANY: Slidel, 17 July 1956, 10" (GNR). This insect always was captured in or near forest cover while flying low to the ground. Polygonia interrogationis (Fabricius). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE and ST. JAMES. Nymphalis antiopa antiopa (Linne). To the three records previous to this (two from New Orleans), one more must be added from this same locality. This specimen is: ORLEANS: New Orleans, 12 Oct. 1958, 1 <;> (GNR). This individual was captured in the fall of the year at 7 :30 P.M. with the temperature at 55°F. This female was flying around a spot­ light on the home grounds of the senior author. Considering the fact that the other two New Orlearu; captures were made in the late summer and early fall, it appears that this species tends to migrate further south at that time of year. Vanessa atalanta atalanta (Linne) . The new parish records are BEAUREGARD, CAMERON, DESOTO, EAST BATON ROUGE, and SABINE. Vanessa cardui cardui (Linne). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE, POINT COUPEE and ST. TAMMANY. Vanessa virginiensis (Drury). The one new parish record is EAST BATON ROUGE. M estra amymone (Menetries). This species is a new state reoord. The listings are: CADDO: Shreveport, 24 Sept. 1957, 1 & 8 Oct. 1957, Id' (JRS), 10 Oct. 1957, 1 (COP), 18 Oct. 1957, 2d' 0" & 2 (COP & JRS), 20 Oct. 1957, 4 (COP), 29 Oct. 1957, 1 d' & 30 Oct. 1957, 1 <;> & 31 Oct. 1957,1 & 2 Nov. 1957, Id' (JRS), 14 Nov. 1957,3 (COP & JRS), 17 Nov. 1957, 1 (COP), 10" (JRS). Mr. STEWART reports that the majority of these 20 specimens were flying in a northeasterly direction. He states further that he and Mr. PHILLIPS visited the site of these captures (along a grassy road) many times since their original visits but that they have not seen any additional individuals. Limenitis astyanax (Fabricius) . The new parish record is EAST BATON ROUGE. Limenitis archippus watsoni (dos Passos). The new parish record is DESOTO. Anaea andria (Scudder). The new parish listings are DESOTO, EAST BATON ROUGE, and WEST FELICIANA. 152 Ross & LAMBREMoNT: Louisiana Vo1.l7: no.3

A5Iterocampa clyton clyton (Boisduval & LeConte). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE and PLAQUEMINES. Asterocampa celtis alicia (Edwards). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE and ST. CHARLES.

LIBYTHEIDAE Libythea bachmani bachmani (Kirtland). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE and POINT COUPE£.

LYCAENIDAE Atlides halesus halesus (Cramer). This beautiful, irridescent species has been reported only from Orleans Parish (J ung, 1950). The new palish records are: EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 15 May 1920, 1

Callophrys henrici turneri (Clench). This species is a new state record. The listings are WEST FELICIANA: Weyanoke, 24 March 1962, 1d' (BLM), 29 March 1962, 1 ~ (GNR). Both of the above captures were made along an old dirt road flanked by rich deciduous woods. However, Mr. MONROE'S insect was captured on the wing after being disturbed hom its resting place on a leaf whereas the senior author's capture was wade while the insect was resting on a dead twig about 3 feet above the ground. C. henrici appears to be very local in Louisiana. Callophrys niphon niphon (Hiibner). This is also the first record of this species from the state. The data are: CADDO: Shreveport, 21 March 1958, 1 d' (JRS); DESOTO: Pelican, 2 April 1958, 1 d' (JRS). Ml'. STEWART reports that he netted this species while it was feeding on spring cress (Cardamine bulbosa) and wild plum (Prunu.s americana). MATHER and MATHER (1958) also reported taking many of their speci­ mens of this species on plum blossoms. It appears as if this species is also very restricted in the state. Everes c01nyntas comyntas (Godart). The new parish records are BEAUREGARD, EAST BATON ROUGE, and WEST FELICIANA. Celastrina argiolus pseudargiolus (Boisduval & LeConte). This insect was recorded previously from only two parishes. Now the following parishes must be added: EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 7 May 1960, U? (LWR); WEST FELICIANA: Bains, 20 April 1961, 13; TU11ica, 20 April 1961, 2 ~ ~, 1 <;> (GNR); Weyanoke, 24 March 1962, 1 ~ (BLM). All of these individuals were taken near forest cover.

PAPILIONIDAE Papilio polyxenes asterias (Stoll). The new parish record is EAST BATON ROUGE. Papilio cresphontes cresphontes (Cramer). The new parish listings are BEAUREGARD, EAST BATON ROUGE, SABINE, ST. CHARLES, and TANGIPAHOA. Papildo glaucus glaucus (Linne). The two additional parish records are BEAUREGARD, DESOTO, LIVINGSTON, and ST. JAMES. Papilio troilus ilioneus (J. E. Smith). The new parish records are BEAUREGARD, EAST BATON ROUGE, ST. CHARLES, TANGI­ PAHOA, and WEST FELICIANA. Papilio palamedes palamedes ( Drury). The new parish records are DESOTO, EAST BATON ROUGE, and SABINE. Graphium marcellus marcellus ( Cramer) . This species was pre­ viously reported from only five parishes. The new listings are 154 Ross & LAMBREMoNT: Louisiana Vo1.l7: no.3

IBERIA and WASHINGTON. C. marcellus is typically confined to the mixed coniferous-hardwood forests of the state. Thus the Washington Parish record seems logical enough; however, the record from coastal, marshy Iberia Parish would appear unusual until one recalls that the salt domes (of which Avery Island in Iberia Parish is an example and upon which C. m. marcelJu8 was taken) support a mixed forest of pines and hardwoods. In addition, the larval food plant of this species, pawpaw (Asimina triloba) , occurs on these elevated regions. Further collecting on other salt domes in the southwestern part of the state may turn up more representatives of this beautiful swallowtail. Battus philenor philenor (Linne) . The new parish records are BEAUREGARD, DESOTO, EAST BATON ROUGE, TANIPAHOA, and WEST FELICIANA.

PIERIDAE C olias eurytheme eurytheme (Boisduval). The new parish records are BOSSIER, CAMERON, ST. JAMES, VERMILLION, and WEST FELICIANA. Specimens have now been captured in all twelve months of the year. Colias cesonia (Stoll). Only one individual was recorded previously from the state. The additional records are: CADDO: Shreveport, 20 Oct. 1957, 10 and 31 Oct. 1957, 10 (JRS); EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 15 Oct. 1917, 10 (LSU). Phoebis sennae eubule (Linne) . The ncw parish listings are BEAUREGARD, CAMERON, and ST. JAMES. Eurema daira daira (Latreille). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE and ORLEANS: Orleans, 8 Nov. 1960, 1 <;' (GNR). This species is common in the pinelands of the state. The Orleans Parish record is probably of a stray. On the night before the capture of this individual, a cold front passed through the area and could very likely have blown this single female from the pinelands north of Lake Pontchartrain southward into New Orleans. Eurema mexicana (Boisduval). This is a new pierid from the state. The parish listings are: CADDO: Greenwood, 2 Nov. 1957, 1 <;' ; Shreveport, 24 Oct. 1957, 10 & 30 Oct. 1957, 2 <;' <;' (JRS), 29 Oct. 1957, 1 <;' (COP). Mr. STEWART informs us that the individuals before capture were "resting in bermuda grass, feeding on asters or flying east". The authors feel that the above records are of strays coming across the western border of the state from . 1963 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 155

Eurema mClppe mClppe ( Cramer) . The additional parishes are EAST BATON ROUGE and ST. CHARLES. Eurema lisa (Boisduval & LeConte). The new parish records are BEAUREGARD and EAST BATON ROUGE. Nathalis iolie Boisduval. The two new records are EAST BATON ROUGE and WEST BATON ROUGE. Pieris protodice protodice (Boisduval & LeConte). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE, POINT COUPEE, and WEBSTER. Ascia monuste phileta (Fabricius). This species has been greatly overlooked in the state as proven by the scanty records. The following new parishes must now be added: EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 24 June 1961, 20 0 (GNR); JEFFERSON: Grand Isle, 16 July 1929, 1 ~ (LSU), 18 Feb. 1961, 400 (GNR). In Baton Rouge, this species was common in one open field on the above date. However, it was not encountered at any other area in the city. On Grand Isle it was very abundant in the salt marshes fringing the coasts. All specimens seen and captured were rather small in size and appeared as if they were newly emerged as indicated by their soft wings. Upon a return visit in June of the same year, large numbers of individuals were ob­ served in this same vicinity of the island. This species is probably more locally abundant in the state than originally believed and reported.

HESPERIIDAE Epargyreus clarus clarus (Cramer). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE and ST. JAMES. Goniurus proteus proteus (Linne). The new parish record is EAST BATON ROUGE. Thorybes bathyllus (J. E. Smith). The one new parish listing is DESOTO. Pyrgus communis communis (Grote). This very common has now been recorded from EAST BATON ROUGE. Pholisora catullus (Fahricius). This is a new species for the state. The one specimen examined is: EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 20 March 1918, 1 ~ (LSU). Since the writing of this manuscript, KENDALL (1963) reported two males of this species in VERNON parish. Staphylus mowns hayhurstii (Edwards). This species has been recorded only once from the state and that in one of the southern parishes (Jefferson). The new record is EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 17 June 1960, 10 (ENL & WPR). 156 Ross & LAMBREMONT: Louisiana Vo1.l7: no.3

Erynnis horatius (Scudder & Burgess). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE and JEFFERSON. Erynnis ;uvenalis ;uvenalis (Fabricius). Immature stages have now been taken in one new parish. This is EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 15 Sept. 1960, 25 larvae and pupae taken on water oak (Quercus nigra) (LSU). Also, adults have been recorded from WEST FELICIAN A. Erynnis zarucco (Lucas). This species was first recorded for Louis­ iana by KENDALL (1960). He reported that he found several larvae feeding on Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) in VERNON Parish. We now add EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 10 Nov. 1921, lei' (LSU); ST. LANDRY: Port Barre, 28 May 1960, 1'( (LDN). numitor (Fabricius). The new parish records for this common skipper are BEAUREGARD, EAST BATON ROUGE, SABINE, ST. JAMES, and VERMILLION. It is interesting to note that Drs. W. T. SPINK & L. D. NEWSOM found the larvae of this species on cultivated rice in Vermillion Parish and thus it may constitute a pest of this important food crop. It was not determined at the time of collecting whether these larvae were feeding on the rice plants, or had fed on other grasses in the rice field and moved to the rice stalks before pupation. Numerous larvae and pupae were brought to the laboratory and these later produced many adults. minima (Edwards). The new parish records are BEAUREGARD, CAMERON, DESOTO, and EAST BATON ROUGE. Hylephila phyleus (Drury). The new parish records are ACADIA, BEAUREGARD, EAST BATON ROUGE, ST. JAMES, and ST. TAM­ MANY. Atalopedes campestris (Boisduval). The new parish records are EAST BATON ROUGE, LAFAYETTE: Lafayette, 30 June 1958, larvae (WTS), and SABINE. Dr. SPINK reports that on the above date he found many larvae and pupae on bermuda grass (as many as 30 per sq. ft. of soil and averaging 16 per sq. ft.). Furthermore, he noted that the larvae had ruined about 5 acres of good pasture land, and thus this species may be considered to be of limited economic importance in some areas. Polites vibex bre.ttus (Boisduval & LeConte). The new parish listings are BEAUREGARD, DESOTO, EAST BATON ROUGE, and ST. JAMES. Waz,zengrenia otho otho (J. E. Smith). The new parish records are BEAUREGARD, DESOTO, SABINE, and ST. MARY. yehl (Skinner). This is a new state record. The one individual is EAST BATON ROUGE: Baton Rouge, 17 June 1960, 1 ~ (ENL & WPR). 1963 Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 157

Oligoria maculata (Edwards). The five specimens reported previously were all from the eastern part of the state. The two new western parish additions are BEAUREGARD and SABINE. Lerema accius accius (J. E. Smith). This species has been recorded previously from only five parishes. The new listings are DESOTO, EAST BATON ROUGE, and ST. CHARLES. The present records show that it is fairly common in the state. Amblyscirtes aesculapius (Fabricius) (=textor Hbn.). LAMBREMONT (1954) reported only one specimen from the state (a male from Jefferson Parish). The additional record is WEST FELICIANA: Weyanoke, 29 March 1962, 10 (CNR). Nastra lherminieri (Latreille). This species was captured previously in only three parishes. The new listings are BEAUREGAH.D, DESOTO, and SABINE. Lerodea eutala eutala (Edwards). Previously recorded from only two parishes, this species still appears to be rather scarce. The one new listing is DESOTO. Panoquina ocola (Edwards). The new parishes are ACADIA, IBERVILLE, ORLEANS (Penn, 1955), and ST. LANDRY: Opelousas, 10 Nov. 1958, larvae (LDN & WTS). Dr. NEWSOM reports that he found abundant larvae and pupae on cultivated rice plants. Dr. SPINK reports that he also found numerous larvae and pupae on rice stubble, and that the larvae were possibly breeding on grasses in the rice ficlds. It might be pertinent to mention that Dr. JUDSON MCGUIRE (USDA), in a personal communication with the junior author stated that a skipper (Nyctelius nyctelius Latreille) was causing considerable damage to rice in the area of Jacobo, Cuba, in May 1958. Damage was heavy enough to require application of insecticides. N. nyctelius is very closely related to P. ocala; which has been collected and reported in great numbers in Louisiana (Penn, 1955). Additional data concerning the possible food plant relationships of A. numitor, P. ocola, and cultivated rice are needed to clarify this potentially important point. The possible spread of N. nyctelius into Louisiana from the adjacent state of Texas (Brownsville and San Antonio, in which it is well estab­ lished (Klots, 1951)), might constitute a future hazard to the Louisiana rice-growing industr}

SUMMARY

Additional collections and nomenclatural revisions have been gathered as a supplement to an earlier published list (Lambremont, 1954) of Louisiana Rhopalocera. The total number of species names presently is 158 Ross & LAMBRF.MONT: Louisiana Vo1.l7: no.3

106. Based on known distributional data from bordering regions, the authors still expect at least 29 more species (mostly from the families Hesperiidae, Megathymidae and Lycaenidae) to be collected from this state.

References

dos Passos, C. F., 1960. Taxonomic notes on some Nearctic Rhopalocera. Journ. lepid. soc. 14: 24-36. Ehrlich, P. R, & A. H. Ehrlich, 1961. How to know the butterflies. 269 pp. Wm C. Brown Co., Dubuque, Iowa. Holland, W . J., 1931. The book, new ed. 424 pp. Doubleday, Doran & Co. Inc., Garden City, N. Y. Jung, R C., 1950. An annotated list of the of New Orleans area. Proc. La. Acad. Sci. 8: 129-132. Kendall, R 0., 1960. New larval food plant for Erynnis zarucco (Hesperiidae) from from Louisiana. Journ. lepid. soc. 14: 176...... , 1963. New skipper and butterfly records for southwest Louisiana. !ourn. lepid. soc. 17: 21-24. Klots, A. B., 1951. A field guide to the butterflies. 349 pp. Houghton Mifflin Co., Boston, Mass. Lambremont, E. N., 1954. The butterflies and skippers of Louisiana. Tulane stud. zool. 1: 125-164. Mather, B., & K. Mather, 1958. The butterflies of Mississippi. Tulane stud. zool. 6: 63-109. Penn, C. H., 1955. Mass flight of Ocola skippers. Lepid. news 9: 79. Skinner, H., 1897. A new species of Debis. Ent. news 18: 129-132.

[CNRJ Dept. of Entomology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, La., U. S. A.

[ENL] U. S. D. A., A. R. S., Entomology Res. Div., Baton Rouge, La., U. S. A.

COENONYMPHA IN ESSEX COUNTY,

Last June 23, 1963, I captured a specimen of Coenonympha tullia here at Ray Brook (Essex County). I sent it to F. MARTIN BROWN and he identified it as a typical specimen of C. tullia inornata. At his sugges­ tion I deposited the specimen in the American Museum of Natural History in New York.

JOSEPH A. KEJI Ray Brook Hospital, Ray Brook, N. Y., U. S. A.