r NAZI WAR CRIMES DISCLOSURE ACT- NWDCA c; 1 rr , . OSS rollection Document Fly Page
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DECLASSIFIED AND RELEASED BY CENTRAL INTELL IGENCE AGENCY SOURCES METHODS EXEMPT ION3B2B NAZI WAR CR IMES DISCLOSURE DATE 2000 2007
NAZI WAR GRIMES DISCLEPSUREAOT MOO
CIA SPECIAL COLLECTIONS RELEASE IN FULL 2000 -11ELINIC INFORMAIION SERVICE E PARTil tNT It A
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". • 25T-14 MARCH 1944 GREEK INDEP ENDANCE DAY
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WIZJVR CRRTs DCWSL ir
CIA SPECIAL COLLECTIONS RELEASE IN FULL 2000 In this Bulletin, we recount a number of characteristio feats about atroci - ties perpetrated by the invaders and the heroic undaunted resistance of the Greek People and their Guerilla Forces. This Bulletin which gives but an im- perfect picture of the Creek Tragedy is PART No dedicated :-
NM THE UitICNOWN HEROES OF FIGRTIM GREECE " WHAT GREECE SUFFERS ft
c 5 th MAROH
1 a 2 1 - 1944
ORM INGEPING2NCE DAY
On Arch 1021, to the amazement of the whole world, the Greek nation took up arms against the great Empire under whose yoke they had lived for mare than four oentu kieS . After at epic struggle, the Greek pee- Ia not only freed part o2 their enslaved country, but aroused by their example the .:her subjugated 3alkan nations . F.olloving olosely thoir historical traditions, they 1.,:aved once more that the priviledges of .ioerty can only be obtained through hard fi g hting and sacrifioes. Once again or October 20th 1 94O, the Greek. n ation roused the admiration of the whole , orld by refusing to surrender before the onslaught of the Axis powers . Opposing their own moral strength to the enemy s material ores, they set an example to mankind and • .treugthoned the conviction of all free p- -le in final victory. %I. e.oe to-day, 1.:hioh can be likened to a nODERN FRONETEitiS IN CHAINS", torn by the • vultures, faces with indomitable eou- .age her martyrdom, faithful ever to her " Yre bring you here " seid the German officer in iharze, so monastery was about to be destroyed, drew lots amongst that you may SCE hol nicely your ton end your homes burn. themselves fora guard of honour of 3 who were to remain and -"What about our women and children ? "asked the. men. guard the ma:watery. - "Oh,they arc cloce . by" was the reply.. and without warning, The monks Tft1a1ios,8esile and Seraphim were chosen and a. the Germans opened fire with their mechinc-guns killing them last service was conducted at which the 3 men pnrtook of the all off. holy communion . After the ceremony, the other monks lift for Soon after, a number of women who had escape from the burn- the mountains. ing school, arrived on the scene end.wcre confronted with this When the Germans finally came, they shot the 3 monks under horrible sp ecteele. The Geehnas ardeved them to bury their men the tree ofindepondence and set tire to tiais hibtoric manes- Later inhabitnats cf . /fertessi village came an helped to.bUrT tery:dherve-ln Yarch 25th 1821, theMdzopoliten of geleon -Eal tbildr follow patriots.- tron Germenos first hoisted the flag ortfia Greek ter of In- Kalvrite is non nothing else but c mess of smouldering ruins. dependence All the male population have been exterminated and only seven houses are left starding. The pro-axis President of tresovouni village ( Kozani), was On Deccaber 4th l 943, after the annihilation of a Company of killed by the inhLbitants of the village. In reprieel, the Ger- p icked Germ= 2rected1ers by the Guerillas near Kerpeni (Kele- mans bombed and sot fire to the village- . 185 of the men were vrita), the Gernans eriested all tke.men of Eno end Keto ?eh- killed by machine gun fires the retainder having-escaped to lorous, took Munn tc the Vouraika river and executed them. the .mountains- The Germans promised an amnesty to the survi- Simultaneously, both villages were set on fire rind hompletelY ving inhabitants who believing in that promise returned to destroyed.- their homes . The Germans however, assembled them all in the The Germans then arrested the monks. and novices of me„:, Sp.!. village square: executed them and then set fire to those hou- icon monastery and led them to the Prophet Flies rock just above ses which had not yet been burnt down.- the monastery cad there pushed dile by one over the preeipice. The Germans then rased this historical monastery to the. ground The Germans carry out as a question of policy, wholesale, after firat plundering it.. plunder and theft- These acts are considered by them, as the logical consequence of their rights as conquerors- On Sunday December the 5th . 19 43 end. S t .: ..aveh dcy, the qsr_ German officer actually said-to a Cretan scientist m, as assembled all the male population of %shot village in the Why do you consider nlunder and devastation as barbarous dhurchyar4 and executed them six at a time . . acts 7." Everything here belonge to us; the inhabitants of the The officiating prieit, interrupted the service he wes 0(67 islands possess no rights at all The sun and the air arc all dtcting, to ask the ger:zeta the reason for this sudden execu- that is left to them beceuse we cannot take these away from tion of innocent peasants . The service - . es never resumcd,f-r them. tie priest was shot deed by the ,ermen rod the village ofw o- gtoiwas completely destroyed. On the 17th or Tune 1542, the Germans after setting flrr to Part of Stoli 5onoft.tsiou village, arrested E. Ebuttakis and Then in the presence of all the inhabitants of On the after-noon or December 13th . 1943, the minks of Agnie M. Antonakis . en assembled in the .village squares I.4via monastery foreseeing thet their turn hvd come :nd that the village who had b e these two unfortunate Cretans were stripped naked and savagely beaten till they bled and their flesh hung. in strips from ATR 0 0 ITI•E S their tortured bodies. Half dead end naked as tbey_wana.-they ------• Nero taken in trucks tei -fgc Kvycniki prisons were they were given british Uniforms to wear. . The scale of atrocities committed in Greece by the tempo- No sooner had they iui these on. than.Segt. major SCHUBERT rary invaders and conqueror is such that humanity on only re- entered their cell and with pretended indignation said :- gister shame at the systematie annihilation of the unarmed po- " So, even in jail You want the english and wear their uni-. pulations forms ", and started whipping them more cruelly than ever. : On thc following day on the is/8/42, they were taken tit We give here a number of examples of these atrocities as the underground prisons of. iiereklion. From there at •7.00•hours well as a.nuMerical list of victims . Both however, only repre- they were taken toqi;ther with S. xiumber. of- others to the exe- sent a fnection of the total grid: reality and only a briof pic- mation:ground . A priest, Rev . SlFAXIS who was amongst the con- ture can be drawn of the inhuman acts committed by the seem), demned said a short mass and then Ted= XMAS, a lawyer, made e speech against the murderers. The. Germans executed their with From October 1 943, in reprisal fox-Guerilla activities. Machine guns and then forced a number. of their fellow eitidens the Gwaraue sowed death devastation and destruction throughout to bury them. . One of thaSe went mad at the horror of the scene. thc peloponese.
On the 1 6/12/43,1n,Maindani square,.germans.arreste4 . the At Felevrita on December 13th 1 943, the following proola- priest N. NIONAKIS, who was waking with his brot4tr,in-law mation was riled out :- G. AMNIGAKI and send him to the prisons. On the following day . " By order of the Germans all the inhabitants, men, he was brought before Major HARMS and 5 Ceptains and was, women,boys and girls, are to assemble in the 601)001 guarded by 5 soldiers andasergeant armed-with sub-mschide guns Those failing to obey will be- execute14.. and pistols. So as to wave aside all suspicion of a . possible execution, the • HARTMAN addressing the priest said :- w you_bed 8 men hid- order Curtherc read :_ den in your back-yard under the- wood, another 14 were hidden " Min ate to take vith them e spare blanket and a by your villagers and in your house you kept a number of arms loaf of bread". which you later threw d,own your.well, also -your house was the As soon as all were assembled; the Gerfaana shut the women up Headquarters of British propaganda. . In the school and marched off all men aged from 1 6 to 70 years The priest denied all these charges, so,HARTWAN further of age and numbering approximately BOO, to an unimelni destina- asked the priest to ennefess thether Britishers had been to tion • The women within the schoorwere clamour lag ter infor- his house or not • Again,thi priest denied and Hartman seized mation where their menfolk were being taken, , end tbd Germane him by the hair and knocked him down . The soldiers were than- ansNered:, ordered to take off his clotheeand . hewas beaten.unoonsoious " Do not worry, we are going to shay/ them eordething with a eat o nine tails . The priest remained unconsdibus for and you shall soon See them again". 4 days as result of this treatment and was than sent to pri- There upon. the men Were taken to the cemetery at the foot of son for 28 days without fooi. the hill on which an old fort still stand. 5
In spite of all this the Germans never obtained any in- formation from him regarding the hiding places of Greek and British organisations. Two characteristic events Which occured in Chios town, during October 1942, show the extent of misery and starvation there. In one house, a man died of elepAantiasis, whilst his 0 ,. wife, stood by watohing his agony, too to give him any assis- tance. For 2 days the body remained unburied and the woman fin, ally lost her mind.
Two orphan brothers starving bare footed and naked were wandering about the streets of the towns looking for food. Exi. hausted and dismayed at their unsuccessful attemdts, they sat down on a bench to rest. As they sat, the head of one of than . came to rest on the shoulder of his brother. Turning round to see what was the matter he discovered that his brother was dead. On August the 15th 1943, Komeno village, near Arta. was celebrating Our Lady s Assumption and neighbouring villagers had come to assist On the exeuse that Guerillas had recently passed through the village, german troops surrounded it, shelled the village bombed it and set it on fire. Any of the inhabi- tants rho tried to escape and were caught, were either thrown back into the fire or bayonetted The Germans even went to the extent of catching young children and putting cotton wool son- eked in benzine in their mouths and then setting it alight. Two priests who conducting a marriage ceremony, were killed in the Church together with the bride, the bridegroom and all present. Some 120e persons were killed in all on that day, In January 1943, 2 young girls aged 20-24 were brought before the German Martial Courts of Salonica for harbauring British soldiers. The President of the Court, asked thert Why they had helped Britishers, " Because they are -our friends and Allies", was the answer. - You know that you will pay the supreme penalty for this, -6- said the President. We have only accomplished our duty" they answered" and shall be proud to die for Preedcm." The two girls were later beheaded.
In July 1942, 4. labourers were arrested by Bulgarian soldiers while at work and tied standing up to poles. They were then made a target for Bulgarian children who together with the sol- diers, throw stones at them till they died. This form of exe- eution or murder by stoning is a common occurence in the vil- lages of Eiria,Heriati and others.
In 1942, Demetrios Georgiou was arrested in Drama, for con- cealing arms. On the first day, his torture consisted in hnving his hands beaten till they were crippled. On the second day, his feet were beaten till they were crippled. On the third day ,he was beaten about on the body till he fell unconscious from the loss of blood. On the fourth day his torture consisted in hav- ing his head beaten against the wall Everytime he lost cons- ciousness, cold water was tnrown over him to restore him to his senses. He was tortured thus for a further three days and then on,: of his torturers, a bulgarian W/O, after ascertaining that hA., had become a cripple for life accepted the sum of 16.000 leva, so as to spare him apy further torture.
In July 1942, a bulgarjan det r.lchment searched Drama area for hiden wheat. On this excuse, they looted a large number of houses killing the inhabitants. It is reported that whilst searching the house of Socrates Amarinitidis, a quantity of :sheet was found. The Bulgarians attacked the two daughters with intention of raping them and as they resisted, they killed them and their relatives. •-
LIST OF ATROCITIES
GERMANS Executions-Murders-Death sentences 15,706 Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill- treatments-Violations-Exiles-Depor- tations 225.449 Wanted-Persecutions-Concentration camps 7.783
ITALIANS Executions-Murders-Death sentences 3.810 Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill- tmatments -Violations-Deportations Exiles 13.994 Listed as wanted-Persecutions - Concentration camps 7.277
GERMANS ITALIANS Executions-Murders-Death sentences - . 173 Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill- treatments-Violations-Deportations- Exiles -.473 Wanted-Persecutions-Concentration camps 3.978
BULGARIANS Executions-Murders-Death sentences 54.974 Arrests-Imprisonments-Woumled-Vio- lations-Ill-treatments-Deportations Exiles 70.311 _
SMART LIST OF ATROCITIES
GERMANS-ITALIANS-BULGARIAMS
Executions-Murders-Death sentences 74.663 Arrests-Imprisonments-Wounded-Ill- treatments-Violationa-Deportations Exiles 310.227 Listed as wanted-Pernecutions- Concentration camps 19.038. Total 403.928
N.B. Information found in this list gives only a sketchy picture of the scale of atrocities oommitted in Greece by the temporary invaders. The colossal nutiber of victims of starvation etc. are not included. - 12 - - 9 - Bairakli,Amboliar,Ann Kato Soterli,Verdikoussa,Farmaki,Ma- gboula,Kriovrissi,Pnsallaves,Flanbouro,Pithion,Tsouflitsa,Gli- rams & vria,uIss . PARriz OR 031.PLETELY DESTEKMMD kowon,Teambakli,Aghios Dimitr5.os,Dolighi,Sarandapo1o,Tsapour- IN GIMZE ni4ffouba1a,Yanitsa,Gheranya,Fetristo,Klissoura (Volos).Lafkos Pofi,DrinakirDrini, wore partly burnt. MAIN GICECE 1,- BY THE GERdANS On the 27/43, Perivolion was partly burnt. On the 26/4/43, Aghladia ens partly burnt. During 1542, Atalanti was bed by air and sea On the 6/4/43,5/643, Aghios Stefanos was partly burnt. In 1942,Mikrohari was ?art . set on fire On the 12-284 /43, h wass partly burnt, On the 11/4/43, Makrikami was set on fire. 170- On. the g7/i( 3, Fiadail was partly burnt. houses were destroyed. On the 15//43, Neon Monastirion was partly set on fire. On the 11/4/43,Platystamon was para., burnt. Th Septester 1943, the villages Kerassia,Xakoplevri,Kipou- On the 20/4/43,Velitsa was burnt to the ground rio,ArZpis,Maritsa were burnt to the ground. - On the 20/4/43,Sperhia was bombed. In Sept. 43, Yakouvon was set on fire. - In July 1943, Kerassovon,ZevEpreki,Boutirtt.Kalfi- During 1943, the villages Villighiste,hastaniajepinitsa, niki,Mataranga arrl Ghoritsa were burnt to the Kotca-LTI. and Klinovos were burnt tc the ground. grcmnd. In December 1943, at :I aghora (Pilion) 40 houses were set. In Septem2er-October1943,Dovrena Hostia (Thebes) on fire. were burnt to the ground. During 1943, the villages Pili,Pesoula,Kotroni,Harmanga, - On the 25/743, Stroutza was burnt to the ground. Theopetra,Agrandia and Tsougouro were partly set on fire. In Sept.43,KYriakt was burnt to the ground. In Jum 43,Livadion,Kalithea, were burnt to the IIPIRlf S ground. On the 25/743,0rammatikon,was burnt to the ground. On the 20/8/43 -15/9/43, the villages Yompoti-Sellades,Limi, On tie 10/9/43,Kadi Eaghora,quarters of Ievadia were burnt to the ground. were burnt to the ground. On the 2o-25/9/43,Lineni Yererhi were burnt to the ground: - In September 1943,Villia were set on fire. On the 1-5/1043, the villages Perouthi,LautrotopipAgrillos, On the 7/10/43. Lilea (Parnassos) were burnt to Aliki were burnt to the ground. the ground. On the 15/843-30/943, the villages Valaidoussa,Aidoni, On the 7/1C1/43 Arahova was partly burnt. AhorOussia,Vouvopotamos,Kastri,Loutsa;Aidonia Narkissos,Kou- In Sept.1943,Vraila Mavrighanni were burnt to kouli,Zarevina, Ano )to Despotikon, ighlos faorgios,Ano- the ground. ghion,Voulitsa,Panaghia were burnt to the ground. On the 244/43.::astrion was partly set on fire. On the 15/S43-30/943, the villages Rodotypi,Serviana, On the 3/4/43,Moshokaria was set on fire. Fizanion,Aghia Kyriaki were partly burnt. On the 043, Chlita was set on firs. On the 18/1C43,Metsovon and Elefterohori (Arta) were burnt On the 5/543, Neraida was set on fire. to the ground. On the 28/8/43,Makri was set on fire. On the 18/1043,Pades was burnt to the ground. On the 254/43,Polasghla Dywri were set on fire. During October 1943,Distraton and Paleonelion were burnt to the ground, - 10 - - 11 - - on the 254/43, Anydron was set on fire In August 1943, Sghourtsa (Olympia) was set on fire. - On the 27/4/43, Kallithea Dilofo were set on fire. In September-October 1943,Arahova 9Lakonia) was btWTt to - In Sept.43, Dic Vow a (Fthiotis) Skarfia (Lokris), the ground. Ematia,Livanates, were partly set on fire. In December 1943,Kalavrita was burnt to the ground. - In Sept,43, Lagbare (Levadia) Eteiron,Koukcura,Desfina, In September 1943, the villages Ano Kato Lousse,Vrahni, Stevelikon,Efaka,Ossia Louka,Convent, were partly set AghiaParaskevi,Kalentsi,Vallmahi,Aghi.aMarilca,Lapata,Petsaki, on fire. were partly set on fire. - In Sept.43, ..erikion,Zeli, were burnt to the ground.. In September 1943,Treplistra Soudeni were burnt to the ground. AETOLOAKARNANIA AREA In December 1943 Routsi was burnt to the ground. During 1943, Kryoneri Koulouni were ccmpletely des- On the 4th December 1943 Ano Kato Zahlorau ard the Con- troyed. In September 1943,Anlidatiko,Darenta,Varyani Polydros- vent of Megha Spileon were burnt to the ground. son,Wastelia,Marghiolata,Sernikaki,Brallos,Aghios Constardinos On the 5/1243. Roghoi was burnt to the groUnd. Kaloskopi,Inohoricudighition,Mikro Horio,Marathi,Stenora,Lepto- On the 13/1243, the Convent of Aghia Iavra, was burnt to karya,KatoMilia, Agh,Dimitrios,Kallipefkl,Fyrghetos,Palyopir- the ground. ghosp Afghani, were partly burnt. In November 1943,Skourta,Pyli,Kavassila,Ka,,e.Pyrghos, THESSALY were burnt to the ground. In 1942 Makrohorio was bambei. During 1943,Aghrilia,2yrika,Aghios Loukas,Aghios Se - In June 1943 Cerpohori Kasies were completely destroyed rafim, Iwo Kalivia, Are Kato Souvalas,Kato Aghoriani, were by bombing. burnt to the ground. On the 20/943, Kalambaka Kastraki were burnt to the During 1943, Ghravia,Konkovitsa,Ano Kato Mousou- ground. nitsa, were bombed. In October 1943, Falcon Kastron (Karditsa) was burnt to During 1943, Chardiki,Matasia,Alona Kato Anatoli, the ground. were burnt to the ground. In June 1943, the villages Ikaria (Olympos),Polyana,Skamnia, In September 1943, Mytikas was bombed. Sparkos,Mitsouni,Sandovon, were burnt to the ground. In June 1943, Solos was pertly set on fire. PELOPONESE in June 1943, Christa was burnt to the ground. In 1943, the villages Seddon (Messinia) Enrya (Spar- In October 1943, the villages Horidalos,Trikona,Aidon, tas) Ghereni (Ilia) Down Horn (ArkwAia),Filia,liaimniritsa, Pefki,Chcdovasda,Chrissavis,Koutsouflianis,Malakassi, were Frymanthia,ICelenitsi,Manessi(Aohaie) were burnt to the ground. completely destroyed. In July 1943, the villages Bounti,Kalliroi,(Trifylia) In October 1943, Damiana, was completely destroyed. and Karamoustafa (0Iyrm ia) were burnt to the ground. October 1943, Diava, was completely destroyed. In July 1943, Aetos (Trifillia) was bombed and des- in October 1943, Seskoulo,Xaria,Toliana,Karaoull-Hyounari, troyed oomplately. Tsiflikion (Stergiou.) Nelemeni (Volos) ADO Makrilouhous, Arar:ra,Maniler, were burnt to the ground. :n September-October 1943, the villages Zatar,Drioskoura, - 16 - -.13 -
On the 20/4/43, Aghios Vlassios (Livedia) wee burnt to On the 23-30/10/43,ortazion and Afgho were Dar tly set the ground- • on fire . . , On the 20/4/43, Aghios :Constantinoe and Melos (Feroilcoa) On the 20-3/10/43,Haoufa Kontini were burnt to the were bombed. ground. On the 24/4/43, the villages Vritinitse, Karoupee,Sigditsz In Ootob.er 1 9 43, the villages Ellinikon,Kontrovrakion, wcre burnt to the ground. 1CaLnentm ion ,Aetorehi ,Krepsi Anatol lki .Milara Ghlpiot a Aegha On the 22/4/43, the .villegrs I angadc V hade .ram-i ek- Mikro_ Pcristfrion,Mouzakoi Were partly set on fire. non were completely destroyed.. In 1943, the villages Aetos (Arta4,%ormils,asodi, On the 10/6/43, Erisso, ( Parne.csia).. and Arahava, were burnt Vendistanon, A3h.1ot: ::%eargias, were burnt to the ig..3..1w1.. to the ground. In September 1943, the villages Rico (Preveza),Peta (Arta), In May 1943, the 7111egto Ncor (Lokrda) Were cvena ,lial iki, stra1:1 ,0o 1 ianikan ,Krania ,? cr lianzo burnt to the grourd. Ano ?. ato lioutsiara, Cherdiki,Veternikon,Ventsitsa,Pertouli. In 1942, the. villegrs,s ?endaki,Kiseflos,Leprnou,Keteunia Tyrna ,Drameshi•Pyra Xilohori ,Tsouzt s la ,Melisnoctra , (Doris). were burnt tO the ground. Sanavi,Nazi, Kalivia (Litonavitsia)•4tanavitsiu,Vassiliko, In 1942-43, Wvi-olitherio end goussounitse, were bombed. (Pogon ,Yleft her ion ,Souloonulo,Ther ia ki as ien ,P en 101 aka s Prosileon (Sieri;.) and. Karoume.., were burnt to the.ground• Kapr-ni ,Vr lad es ,Kouk1o4; s i ,-Rz.vena ,Plestre ,Xr if oven ,As orohor 1 In 1943, the viilegee. P.ikro and tkgala (11,witanie) Royka ,Tser it sena ,Elafos ,C.h1 Jiro , Tsckour Ct I ,;limitsa ,Wousakesi Amigdalia, Zoodoke sPighl, acrr• .onrtly, set on tire. • Potami. , Ano Kor it s cna , A idon 1,3oute.r I ,T:anclak I Aid on la . Xor 0- In Ray 1943, JCS° (Thehesi was burnt tp the ground. no poulo Mori; io ,Acogh Jon ,Ghorghomllos , Dr 1of lion Mon siot 1 an.. In JUly-Auguet the villeges A3lorefa.WarathoS,Krikcion, Rodov 1, ion ,Ghalate..,Voulitse ,were burnt to the rowal• Vinani of ..\irite.nie arcs, acre burnt to the ground. In July-Angust 19 43, the villtges Eristov1tsa,Astekoa:Var- In .ruly 1943, ICastenohorie and Bays .ere burnt to the efraneika,aora1ka,were set on fire. ground. • In August 1943, the villages Fizvi,Flopia,Hivonotni.Plateo On the 1C/8/43, Komeno,(Arte) was completely•dostroyed• (Attiki) -Viotia) were sct on fire- On the 26/8/43, Dnbessos (Valbou) sae burnt to the ground. In August 1 943, the .villeges Xennitsou, Kournovon,Polydros- In Tune 1?43, he villagE s Voustopanaye ,Slefth orohori son ,lanormos , Tythor ea , Tolofon ,EleOn (E1a1otilloofot is) ,were set idonohor I ,Dov-ra slrob i t 1 burnt to the ground. on f In Tune 1943, Konitsa, was partly set on tire. • In May 1943, the villages Tse_yanti,?-fahera,ProdsromosAgram- 3n _the 81.5/43, Voulgharelli (Arta) ;;EE burnt to the ground. belos.were burnt to the around. On the 3- 615/ 43 , Davila was set on fire. CENTR. AL MACEDONIA. On the 31/7/43, Distomon was set on fire. On the. 12/12/43, Paligheratsano and Moschohori wore burnt •In 1943, premise et Pavliani were set on tire. to the ground. The villages Velitsa.,Vounohore,Karvitcre•(Doris) were burnt In 19 42; Neoussa was or...rtly sot on fire. to the ground. In 1942, X irohorion (Sindou) was partly set on fire• In 1943, Erithre was partly set on fire- In 1942, Messovounion (Kozani) was burnt to the ground• • In 1942-43, Stevenikon; Kononia,Petroma,3ottla Vass1- In October 1943, Litohoron,Pieria,• was burnt to the ground.
-15.
IMSTIMIN MACEDONIA EOEA In September 1943,.Vryovaton was burnt to the ground. In October 19 13, the villages N .,Artaki, Prokopion.Psahna In September 1 943, the villages N.eapolis,Pol,ylakicos, were, bombed. Polydendroa were pertly set on tire. In August 1943, Vita.lon, Milani ware burnt to the In September 1 943, the villages aranohori,Pentavrissi, gr,ound. Aghia Anna, Aro ce. Kato Ftelia, Tsourui,Vitena,Avgh1,1cfkovi, On the 3,13/9/43, Vrissi was, oompletely destroyed by bom- ailiodondron vere burnt to the ,iround. b ing• In So?tember 1 943, the villages Kosterazi,Tsakeni,Nesto- BE.TE rion,uere partly set on firF• In December 1945, bath was. completely set on fire. In March 1943, the villeies Aghie Fyriaki.prhistilion, In 1341„ the villages Eande.la Spines ‘.7ere burnt to the Kontom la ,Lyth la ,Mavrohori ,Ircssopotami .Vit s is t a were burnt ground. to the ground. In 1941, the towns Eanea (Rethirmion) Mereklioa were partly In 19 12, :felanthion was burnt to the ground• destroyed by bombing. In 1942, Leazke wss partly set on firs.. In 1941, the villages Alikianos, Patolakg1, Fournes,Nea In July 1913, Lehovon ( K 3nani) +cps burnt to the. ground Revriate, were comcletely destroyed. In Aprii-:-Say ,13, T.sotilion v.s burnt, to.. the ground. In 1941-42, Prastes ,Flutaaia ,Koufou ,kgh ie. ,Per ivol le ae- On the 8/3/43, Dafneron Fxarhos were get on fire. lamPes ,l imbeki Arkelohori ,krousounes (Pedie.․ ) On the 29/8/43, Klima; s se t on. fir e - ierE.pctra ,aakopetros partly set cin fire. On the 24/8/43. Tris • ere Sc; o. Ia AuAust 1943, the ville,gcs :: efkos.Kuto Simi, Ann Slat, On the 9/8,43,, the v 11P ? s id i ,Itie,s ;uentron ,Sarakina 2 .ournics, MYrtos, End 104 fArm rr houses were set on fire. Poros Font in/ ,Tourm ik I ,Ghour, . aaki .w ez set ar= • - :a 1942, Stall (Mere)ilio n ) •:.es pertly set on fire. . On the 11/8/42, 8571^a caz urr. tc th .- _round- O the 19-15/ 9/13, the vilic.ges iiannos, Ano Ghdohie, In :larch 19 13, the villegss Ks...nn er-.‘n ,religsi.Elefi Des- -Kato Ghdlt,io,Riza, loutraki were burnt to the ground. pot 1 ,Fleftherohor ,Ant .rakie Veit olak sos ,jhri a were bombed and On the 29/ 9/43, the vi liege; .r,ostoghere_ko 1,Livade.Loni burnt to the ground- were burnt to the ground. In March 191.3, Vlasti t e.s bombed. In 1942, Arghos (Orestikon) u=s burnt to thr ground. BY. PiE
EASTERN MACEDONIA MAIN GRUM" On the 7/4/43, thc villages Aghlavitsa,Paleosparion In 1942, the villa,rs no Kato were burnt (Lidorikion) %ere burnt t3 the ,round. to the ground. On the 9/4/13, thr villtges Aghic kfthimia.Paneghia In 1942 ,the ville.s Yt Dafsi (tc igriti) Orestias. acre bombed and set on fire. . Sitihorion, Zervohorion,Aydonohorion, . r ne nartly set on firs • JO the 1,0/3,•Top p 1ia (Fernassos) was burnt to WESTERN TRUCE the round- In 1942, Aidonohozion (02rst4ss) .•et cut:nplets.Ly des- On the 14/41 (Amphiklia) rcs burnt troyed. "."7.7 :round. •
— 17 — lios, cre pertly set al fire. PELOPOIFSS • ly 1943. Zizinia or 7orytsa (Sparta) were burnt to the ground. On the 23/4/43, PyrGaki ,as burnt to the ground. In Tune 1g43, the villtgcs Knetenia,Aghlos Vhasilios ,Kos- mos tare burnt to the ground.
TIMSSALY In 142-43, Halki t.as burnt to the ground. In 1941-2, the vil_lsges Mousaki .Porti ,Por ta ,Aslavitsa, Paleogar I ,Ocnnenikon ,::•hcralceri ,Hizomi los ,Kloyi ,Aghios csecon, were burnt to tho ground. Agurila,Tsoti,Askeb4.rni,Tsougoura were partly set on fire. On thc 13/5/43, ?ask,.11tsa wLs burnt to the-ground. Ia. Tune 1943, •ezenieoles was burnt to the ground. In June 1 J43, 2:,.vromat1os was pertly set on fire. On thr 313/43, Gl.erLtari (Aghia) wee aompletoly destroycd• On thc 24/3/43, 100 houses tare destroyed in arkos (Tri- kela)• In yunn 1913, N.AnyLlos xas bombed and set on fire. In Tune 1°12, the villcgcs VafsiliArassia-)aghoula, Pekli, Oriskouli,Lzer-Bougha erre set on fire - In ALle 1 443, th ,.. villazcs Filaki,Neo Haraki,Kili Klatt Anthopotemos Tasks : ohor I ,Kroki ,anssiti Aid int ,Karad Ali • Tourkoniesseligatanos uerc set on fire- In Tule 19 13, the vinages Daoulis ,Aghios Geogios ,Nea flekrj, Alifat a ;quid ia ,Tilliadou,Aeohori,ahoura Aar at s ali ,Palema. Averitsa,Srambole, tre set on fir e• •ruly 1 ?.43, the villegcs Kor fat I ,Pteleon ,Kouicou- vitsa ,Vr Incas Sour t Pert-11i ,Deleria ,H!.psani Miter° kass ell Nagai° Ka. ,Sofades Kenny Bel essi Aar ,Arnirros ,Velestinon , vere burnt to thc ground. In. 1943, the villages Thepetra ,Konfi ,Kotroni ,ViSsinia Pre- kotr ipa ,Ropoto ,Vassiliki ,Oxynia ,Karpohori ,Parkethi ,Tsegaron Vard on .1.. er e burnt to the ground • -16- - 19 - In 1943, LiRoudion and Varsvalcas were burnt to the groun:L In 1943, the villages Zaghora Platanos,Sourpi,Aghia Trias, On the 23/6/43 Pedini and Kosmira were set on fire. Drimon, H.Nendzela,Korelio,Itzen (Volos area) were burnt to the ground. • AUGUR ISIANDS In 1943,Pcrtcli was oompletely destroyed. In March 1943, Pale ohorion, was partly set on fire. In 1943, Veurliotes (Samoa). was partly set on fire. In Mareh 1943,1ersala was completely destroyed. On ther4/3/43,Milogousta-was partly set on fire. In 1943, the vilLagesMikro,Deftherohori.ConiDamassi,Pla- tikambos were partly set on fire. III BY THE BUIDARIANS On the 24/3/43, the villages Mcweni,Kissos,Makrirahi, were bc6bud. In April 1943,Stefanovouni, was partly set on fire. The villages Ghoura,Doutsiko,Rapsista,Vatsinia,Soulatena, EASTM MACEDONIA were partly set oh tire. On the 11/3/43, Aghiofilo,S1dparni,Taaritsaei, were burns In 1941 -1942, the villages Keo Patritsi,MAkropolis,Prou- to the ground. sovo,Megalokambos,Kalithea,Agriant,Sitagri,Nea Pafra,Katitsa, Platanovoutsi,Platanda,Kalos Agros,Katafiton,Filipi, Nercfrak- EASTERN MACEDONIA tis,Yrosotsani,Rodopolis,Kerkini,MikrokaMbos,Alistrati,Nikiforos,
In 1942-43, the villages Kokinia,Taxiarchis,Polylakos,Ki- KoumbaLitsa,Seliani,Kousloukicn,Pallambelo,Mavrokordato, idar votos,Drinovon,Aghia Efthimia, were burnt to the grotuld. Proti, Iliokomou, Konnitsa,Proklofi, Ghjourdsik,Mavroli- In March 1 943, 70 villages of Grevina area were burnt to vathi,Piksarion, were burnt to the ground. the ground, amongst them are Karperon,Melessi,Flafi,Elefthe- rohori,Anthrakia,Emiliabos,Diskos and Krania. UESTEW THRACE In 1943, Siatista was partly set on fire. In March 1943, Deskati was burnt to the ground. In 1941 -42, Avas and Doxston were burnt to the In March 1943, the villages,Lithin,Lakmata,Gberma,Aghia Kyriaki,Dramitsi,Despileon,Inoyi,Makrohari,Kortmilia,Messo- potamia,Voghatsike,Asproklissia were set on fire. Vlasti.was barbed in 1943. EPIRUS In May 1943, Bandiopoulo (Arta) was burnt to the ground. From January 1943 to 15/843, 37 villages were burnt to the ground. In this chapter w e give only an incomplete picture of Guerilla ac- tivities . A number of engagements fought between Guerillas and the enemy as well as acts of sabotage constantly committed by Patriots end Guerillas on axis communications ammunition depots end other instal- lations are reounted here.
PART
"HOW GREECE FIGHTS ON ^ SAROTAGE HT =HILLIS ON DDr LINES (IF CCPCITNICATIONS GUERILLA WARFARE TRAINS Just before the destruction of Ghorgho potamos bridge in October 1942, sabotage by Guerillas of railway lines lad to the collision of two trains one of which, an Italian troop train was completely destreled. In this present war Greece re-lives the During the second fortnight of February 1943, a train heroic epic of her struggle for independence sais derailed at Platason in the Tempii area. in 1821. On the 17/3/43, Guerillas tore up stretch of rails cm the VolC.m:Larissa line, derailing a goods train_ of A wave of wiId enthusiaem swept over the its load uas carried off by Guerillas to their mountains lair whole of Greece carrying with it both young tha remain:kr destroyed. and old, peasant and townfolk,intellectuals, 0.1 the 27/3/43, Guerillas derailed a Greek State Rail- workers, the clergy and the islaniers ways train near Dcsekos (Aghia area) and destroyed all the This anthusiasn transmitted to the childrer goods carried. by bcthren and women, is born out of the peo- A stretch of rails taken up by the Guerillas near ple s iniaaitnblc love for freedom and their Orthri during the night of the 24-29/5A3 led to the derail- intense hatred of the enamy. Cut of this . eser- sent of tee trains. gas the Guerillas struggle in all its great- Guar.:21as on the same day, derailed a goods train. ness. The districts of Roumeli,Epirus and Ttessaly near kilc. 267 of the Athens-Salonica line. The train crashed ,ere the first to give the signal: for the gene- destruction into a deep precipice. Another train was also ral uprising and the whole of Crete, the Islands destroyed between Nazar° ani together withMorea.Mecedonia and Thrace follow- A train full of Italian troops was derailed in Thes- ed closely in their steps. ealy near IcLio 254 of the Athens-Salonica line. Cm the night of the 13-14/4/43, Guerillas removed Greece is n:w nothing else but a seething a nudber of rails outside Asphiklia station, derailing a volcano already in eruption vliing dead amongst goods train luadsd with foci stuffs. Illa Guerillas carried off the barbarous tresspassers.. Greek mountains as much as they could of the fo.:d destroying the remainder. rcsourd daily with the exploits of our brave On tle Li:..51C day. Gueri, las derailed and then sat fire defenders of Liberty and Greek ports echo sto- to anothar train betaaer Tethrus Dadion. Later they ries of sabotage on axis shi?s well worthy of attacked another train travc:liag down that line amd the Ger the heroic Rourliotieris of 1821 revuluticn. anns were commelled to vend reir,foroement to ward off their attacks. In spite of this a further two trains were completely destroyed by Guerillas rnd 7 derailed,. - - 24 - -21- In April 1943, strong Guerilla forces blew-ip 3 bridges on, • On the 16/5/43, 2 trains collided together kietween 4h1ma-. the Athens-Salonica line. tario and Tanaghra stations owing tq sabotage on the track . • On the 11.6143 a train was blown up in a tdhnel in the Lamle A bridge on the Larissa-Salonica line in the Rlatamon area was destroyed on the 4/5/43.- - area on the main Athens-Salonica line auttide thus all rail Several bridges on.the:Folos-lerissa line were blown up on communications between the two towns for tome time. the 5/5/43. .4 train was derailed and set on fire by Guerillas in Amphi- Guerillas destroyed a wooden bridge over the Iessot river kiln on the 1/5143.- Guerillas elso s sueceeded in blowing a train. in the Klitorie-Tripoli road On the 25/5143.. full of Italian troops in the Hama tinnei_nter Tempii. On the 30/5/43, Guerillas blew up the bridge neer kilometer On the 4/6/43 Guerillas blew up a train carrying troops in a large tunnel near Hournovon. 7/300 on the Helavrita-Diakodtou line- • During the night of ao-21/V43, On the_12/ 7/43, a German trEMunition-traln ws blmin up at near kilo 203 of the Athens- kilo 258- near Nazar° station- • • . Salonica line , Guerillas blew up a large hridge mei the Ann.. On the 6/11/45, train No. 670--carrying German equipment Dos river,80 .meters in length arid 105m, in height from thb river s bed- and material was set on fire between Vorneou and Raathopyrghou A 5 meter bridge at kilo 392 of Athens-Selonioa line was (Achaie). blown up on the 5/7/43.. During the night of the 22/2/44, a German armoured train carrying a German general withtis staff anda large number of Guerillas on the 4/7/43 destroyed the Ira ova bridge.- derailed on the Pidios bridge near On the 2/7/43, Guerillas blew up a large bridge ovee the officers to Salonica was Olympus . The whole train crashed into the river and over 400- Ahelos river. ., were On the 7/7/43, a strong force of Guerillaa blest up at bridge mostly officers including the GOnbral and his staff near Hafalovrissi (Thermion). killed. RAILWAY IMINIS SHIPS :- 42, engine No. 71 was destroyed at On the 290/45, a motor vedask loaded with pArOlVas set On December 30-31/ 19 kilometer 396- of the Repapouli-Platamon line. on fire in Heraklion port. uerillas deitroyed 5 engines in Dadion sta- During the second fortnight of February 1 In May 1944, G . . 943,• en explosion tion workshops. took place on the Italian cargo ship ^ CITTA DI SA:VOIR (60)-. On the 14/4/43, tvcrenginos were destroyed in Titherea sta- tons) . The Ship sank fand several:Italians and 100 horees wets tion by Guerillas and two more et Plaice (Amphiklia)- lost. On the 1513/43, owing in sabotage oath° railway line, twc In April 1943, test et Stylis t the Guerillis seizeg 18 engines collided together between ShiMateriou. and Tanaghra rail- motor vessels end sank a German patrol boat. way stations anti were completely destroyed . A 500 ton calque loaded with ammunition was sunk in May On the 15/5/43, Guerillas encircled Amphiklia :stations and 1943 in Rerame(Rireaus)et• ere damages were a sO caubed tO destroyed 7 railway engines. a 3.000 ton tanker in Perama. On the 24112/43, 2 engines were destroyed in the Pantelei- In Xune.1943, in Flreabs harbour, severf damage vitas canted monos tunnel north of Larissa hy Guerillas. to the requisitioned Greek:stehmship "ARTINA" . which was ready On the 25/12/43, Guerillas destroyed 2 engines in Macedonia- to sail for Milos. - 22 - - 23 - .During 1942, in Athena in the Larissa station, 2 trains Duran.1 the night of the 13-14443, Cuerillss remcved a nudber collided together and many trucks were destroyed causing a of rails near Amphiklia station, serious delay to all truffle. Durieg the night of the 13-14/443. 04.erillfts removed a num- ber of rails between Tithorea and Dadian stations. RAILWAY TRUCKS On the 4/5/43, 40 explosions occemed in the Platamon Area on On the night oe December 30-31/1943, in the derailment of the Larissa-Salemica line destroying maey sections of the line. train No,71 • 5 trucks were destroyed and 5 derailed.. On the 5/743, a section of rails was blown up at kilo 423.5 On the 17/343, 35 trucks were derailed on the Voles- of the Athens-salonioa line. Larissa line, On the 5/743, Guerillas blew up 15 rails between kilo 390 and During the night of the 28-29/343, 18 trucks fell of 392 of the Athens-Selonica line and 4 rails between kilo 392 aeroplane spare rerts were destroyed near Orthris and another and Papapoulion station. 16 derailed aid aet on fire by Guerillas. On the 14/743, A Guerilla cavelry unit destroy a section On the 1414/43 several trucks were set on fire by Gue- of rails between Syrigiou and Thebes. rillas in Tithorea station. On the 13/3/43, 14 trucks from a dernAled train were BRIDGED During Septeriber 1942, the railway bridge of Kekosa- °completely destroyed betveen . Shimatariou and Tanagra stations. lessi WAS blown up. . On the 7/743 A leaded truck was blown up and destroyed. Brallos .and Gherghopotemos bridges were destroyed On the 12/7/43, 2 trucks loaded with ammunition were oompletely during Septedber 1942. blown up at kilemeter 258 near Nazerou station, Early in the morning of the 5/343. Guerillas burnt On the 25/12/43_ Guerillas destroyed a large nudber of down the wooden Alinkmon bridge (length 150 meters). trucks on the Salonica6Gevgheli line. On the 9/343 Guerillas blew up a bridge nerur kilo 9 of the Ekaterini-Aghios Dimitrios road. On the next day anothea eAlleelY LINES bridge was blown up on this road near kilo 17. A stretch of the Liossion-Athens lines was blown up on All rail communications between Voles and Larissa the night of the 4th Jeme 1942. . were cut following the destruction of ZIROPOTAMOS railway bridge Ca the night of the 30-31st Decedber 1942, Guerillas near Voles town. The destruction of Sofedea bridge cut also all tore up a nuaber of rails at kilo 396 of the Greek State Rail- communications between Vblos and Kalembalue ways line between Papapouli-Platamon. On the 11/3/43, Guerillas blew up Stefenoussion iron During the first fGrtnight of Fe-Drupe, 1 943. Guerillas bridge on the Trikalse-Eardissa line. removed a number of rens near Platamon. On the 12/V43, Guerillas blen up the iron bridge On the 17/3/43, Guerillas reraoved a number of rails bet- over the Pinion river near kilo 114,68. ween kilo 265 anl 367 of the Athens-Salonica lime, On the z5/3/43, Guerillas blew up the Xiria iron On the 22/3/43, Guerillas reaoved a nudber of rails near bridge near Nen Ionia quarter (Volos). kilo 22,6 of the Volos-Larissa lime. On the 4443, Guerillas blew up a bridge on the During the night of the 28-29/3/43, Guerillas removed a Larissa Volos line. number of rails on the Orthris lime. They also destroyed part Platykampos bridge on the Vales-Larissa line wen, of the railnay line near kilo 267 of the AthenseSalonima lime, bloen up on the 3443.
▪
3 3eo as:n.25 cap os-,..sed aicrgdoe : • an a.c,x ton :lertrnn freisht.:. loaded..e..th 1/3/43, ,Id r. :nycy of 1C: . srs :.7 vies; ;. ad Cr. tle ot.; or --nos - -."ce battle of di- :f fluor. Cr 8,17,..:4,1,0. (citatr. -165 toz, rec_uisitor.:Ed. mic.,ue ;arse fl..11.7 Laded with ,.1:r.unities w...3 blown ti; Aitios C-iorgios -Cs o 4.4/37 L3, after • : (Yoratciroon) Pirescs. ;he Sf.atista anof :.r C: t::E 15/7/43, ir. stzik tee n to 15, at eked • n tanker E.E.1.41.14:r. C•ne of theya vie tz.kon rrcoo0r szi. dor.- 1943,sc...,cru lassed. tc 7;,..CCC ton • crr.c.c loado.c. C-n .tne 9/:-443,near Cue- first fcrt:IEnt ..f ..t•.:gust 1943, Sari.34•Z ettaek-.:5d en Italian convoy of 12 cr.-= nal destroyed 5 • e z.used.. to a 200 t.nrocp.ds.ti:ned toz. of their.. DorinG the seccnd fortnight of August 194-3, the ln the 14/44.3 in Tcpolin.villou (1-.13hiscc.), 2 Itc/Isn ravel ship Nracir stulk PireaUE hr.rbour by a rzgnoTda cars wero destroyed by Guerillas. rire Just as it was croin off the Vossiliadi Zry In I:17 CuerillocLlas att--oked on ItaLis:, osluzln of 7 cz.z. The Greek auxilicrr 400 t. shin "TITAN" Arr.s sunk in tke 11.-tween liriesovitsi and Astakos (Etolia) erld captured all oars sere way nix place in August 23th. L-•tor in the dry ruscr.. ler :rith ti.oir lord. mine oaused ir,purtant damages to e large flmting =aro. r. ino 194.3, rear Atclr.ndi, attroked aril. des- In Au,:,-ust 1943, an"8,000 ten italiim ship was blown : up by troyed sr_ It/liar. corrrcy. Guerillas in tierselicn ttveto), On August I3th 194.3, in on engagement vdth Gerroar. and Ito.- liar. dctachro.:ts on tIn V1U.icr Kriekoution rad, GoriUzts_ STORLS cscecoded in ,:lostrcri-ing 5 oars. An Italian petrol otcre oa.s set on fire during 1942 in TA.7.11.--; In Auvtst 1943,Garman. foroesm:th Z2 oars. attempted...to oocu-- On the 6/10/42, a hole or by rAzerillas in po h•::. sto- iefalolerLsai (Etoloaks-rnania)„ a acod an. suo- rz.T.,o tank in the rier-.os..on r. -no. are: 25.00C loilos of tr,1 cf.eded in festroying all the cars. wore thus spilt. On the 26/3/43, in c r..er.ragoraent with a C.innan ara-.red In 1942, 200 ecrrels of _etrol .:ere destroyed in the Eers- coltunn, ■Agri-11:-s destroyed 4 cars and r. olion area. Abet. the sc_le. tine, Cuer3 Lies attael-,:el o Tt ...lis.nt con- On the 11/6/42, ..t_n the n.rer (Crete), Cue:7111:4 voy of 45 CA.ra in the Psyli,kancala (Aticri; C.. strr:fing t5 of sot fire to 50.000 kil. oph•ol zrel oil. them. On the 16/2/43, i)lerill2s destroyed lnrge quantities of On the 12/9A3, during negoointior.s for curren- explosives in a warehouse resr Galonica. der, a column of 13 crxe with 93 germ= 0): the 23/6/43, a grow of 40 aimed Guerillas burn, a-an had been sent to _s_rahavr woe ttraked Cs. 30 • es- a mnber of fuel depots (potrol,oil,perafine etc.) C the troyed 12 of the vehicular- The Gen.r."....c.: • 1:LT: 15- T.n floor kilo 20-f ALhios 7: - 26 27 - On the 4/3/43, Guerillas in an engagement with the enemy 1:uring the night of 1 3-14/4/43, Guerillas blew up the work-. captured a truck loaded with flour, 8 sacks at pastry; 6 sacks shops and water tanks of rloinn station. af boots, 10 sacks of rice, 3 barrels of petrol and 2 boxes of coffee. IELMIONS LINES In June 1943, in Tepee village (Grote), Guerillas set fire On the 5/12/43, Guerillas destroyed all telephone mires in to 120 barrels of aviation petrol. lavera village (Iddimotikon). The EILIN7KDIe German ammunition depot, situated on the Telephone wires were cut by Guerillas in Evros Prefecture .outakirts of Athens was completely destroyed on the 26/6/43. on the 9/12/42. An enemy petrol depot near Heraolion was blown up on the On the 25/7/42,11/6/42,22/9/42,5/11/42,16/12/42 and 5,7,12, 26/7/43. 22,25 et 29 January 1943, Guerillas cut dawn telephone mires in the Herr:011mi area. ?LANE:, ix)am On the 12/2/42, Guerillt-E 1 removed parts from a plane on On the 27/5/43, saboteurs destroyed the 5th section of the the Kastelion aerodrome (Crete). The plane crashed later and floating dock situated in the naval arsenal. was completely destroyed. On the 11/6/42, 65 planes were destroyed by Gaerillas on MINES Kastelli aerodrome (Crete). On the 13/2/43, Guerillas destroyed all the installations Towards the end of January 1943, 2 Greek engineers sabo- of the chrtriimmine in Agaios Idmitrios (Blossom). taged some 200 plane engines in a munition s factory, near On the 25/12/43, Guerillas destroyed the kevroneriom load imettos. 8 planes fitted with acre of these engines crashed times (Ghoumelitsa). and were completely destroyed. Airing the firat fortnight of April 1943, Guerillas atta- MOTOR VEHICUIES-ENGINES PTO. cked and demrzed Larissa aerodraza. On the 12th July 1942, in Heraolion, Guerillas burnt dor= On the 21/4/43, Guerillas attacked and oocupied the tou- the car of the German military police commander. rist aerodrome near beghion. On the 15/8/42 and 28/8/42, 2 oars full of petrol were In July 1943; Guerillas destroyed 7 pierce (2 fighters burnt dagn in the Herrelion Prefecture area. 5 bombers) and 2 camouflage planes, on Kastelli aerodrome During the second fortnight of January 1943, hbrth of Mas- (Crete). son, 2 motortrucks- carrying some 5.500 okes of food stuffs On the 30/6/43, a German plane which made a forced landing were captured by the Guerillas who after removing the food, between Karpchorion and Sofades was set on fire by the Gue- set fire to the trucks. rillas. Luring February 1943, Guerillas attacked an milan supplo- FACTORIES oolumn of 40 cars in the Siatista-Kozani-Servia-Elasson-Ioris- so lino, destroying the entire convoy. The timber factory naar Flatystomon (Makro kimi) working On the 10/43, Guerillas orptured 3 signslomim belon- or the benefit of the occupying forces was destroyed by the ging to an Italian Unit, near Masson. Guerillas on the 31/3/43.
32 -; " 29 oars which the Guerillas attacked and destroyed 1 and oaptu- TnIESSAIY altfar 0::suLTEras red another in good oonditiOn.. Place of engagement: late :Killed: Wounded: Prisoners On the following dAY.Dess forces of 106 cars sore sent.whieb the Guerillas. repulsed, capturing 12 whicules in perfoot eon :Platamen :31/12/42: : 3: dition. :Rlassan :21/2/43 s 6 : Luring the first fortnight of September 1943, Guerillas sSarantaporon :20/ 4/43 2 : - 8 captured. 2 light gernantanks near Krokouki. :Larissa bridge : 9/ 3/43: : 10 : On the 21/9/43, Guerillas destroyed an Italian motorcycle. :Olympus-Pindos : -1/ e63 : 40 : - In September 1943, Guerilla.s destroyed 92 german cars at :T4mpii tunnel 1 ir /43 : Tenpii (Olympus). :Karpohori-Sofsdes :310,/ 6/43 : : - : • 1 D.iring the last maths of 1943, nonr Ela83°21t aalambaka :23/ 9/43: serious casualties destroyed several trucks with anti-tank rifles. :Filleon :17-18/W: 166 : - : - During the Sr= period on the Rkaterini-Aghios Ddmitries aindos bridge :22/2(44 : 400 road in the Olympus area, Gueril]rs captured 6 lorries and a s..-....------...--.....-: :-.... . . staff car. Total 612: 31 9 ARMS EPIRUS On the 5P/43, Guerillas captured 40 German rifles, I L.M.G. : Kofalovrisson S ■A1/43 : 150 : - and a:munition on the Aghios Idraitrias-Bkaterini road. : Porta :21/9/43 : 5 : : . On the 8/2/43, in an engagement near Chinovory Guerillas :Mazi (Ioannina- : captured 100 rifles and many rounds of ammunition. Metsevon) :5/9/43 : 15 : - Gccmunique Mo.2 of Thessaly s H.Q. states that on the 11/ Eleftherohori :26/9/43 : 5 : 2 Albanians - 2/43, Werillas lurinz an ergagpaent with Italians on the r.:.ad, captured 5 L.M.G.,23 rifles, t 2 1 175: 2 40 he.12:1 gronades,13 sabres,6 pistols, 1 telephone, 2 baxes of asmwition raid 3 tomes of automatie usepons spars parts. VSTIrriUT:WmilllaA Ir. 1943, Guerillas after engasements on the Ekaterini- 1,:s.ndavrissi-Kozani : 2/3/43 : 1: - : 2 Iarisv. r:ad capturc.2 Z rifloz,2:0 htnd ;wenades, 5 heavy . : 6/4/43 : Z: 37 - machino gurs an r, few mvrtars. :Vevis-Florina Ett...ti..421/6/43 : 7 : 22 A Owmunique of Thessaly s H.Q. published on the 11/2/43, :Neapolis.-Siatizte : reports taat Clic/4117.8 captured 2Q automatic weapons,3 heavy : bridge :13/9/43 : 2: 2 morters,1 light nw:rtar, 2.0CC hand grenadas,266 rifles and :Krania :29/12/43 : serious casualties several boxes of ammunition. 0:1 the 14/2/43, a group of Guerillas in an enzagmoiont with Total 32: 61 : 2 an ItAinn battalion in Thessal took 200 prisoners with all their equipment. - 30 - - 31 ••• Communique lb. 5,- of Thessaly s H.Q. states that during an engagement whieh took. place in Aghios Dimitrios chrcraium Engagements fought by Guerillas with . the otesupyige mite, .0:mari12na enptured eal the equipment of the guirdc. forces in various drone and losses: inflicted on lmo snow. On the 5/44.3, during an engagement which took place near Aghia Efthimia village (Amphisea) with an Italian column of 12 -cars, Guerillas saptured arms machine guns and emmunition. GREEK GUERILLA ENGAGMENTS WITH =YAM . OnAT 3 cars succeeded in amccpin.;. Tbs VermouatosH.Q. acme:clique of 4/3/43, announced that during the battle which tocskplmee in.tho Stavrcdr400-Palo. MAIN GRME GEEMAN CAsIJAM35 kestron Vigla up to Avvestaria (Siatista), Guerillas captured :Elam of engagmment Date : Wounded./ Prieoneri 27 automatics weapons, 1 light mortar,7 pistols, a lorry ull of ammurd.tion, light mortars and hand grenades ani 12 boxes :Lianokladi : 1943 : 80 : : . of ammunition. :Athens :65/3/4.3 : . 15 : In the battle of Paroukampos of 4,6,/43, Guerillas captured. :Thebes : - 33/4 : g s 2 3 M.G.,4 light mortars, 500 rifles,30 pistols,8 heavy machine :Kakis. (niches) : 6/4/4.3 : 1 : s gum, 30 L,M.A. 300 heavy machine gun mania, LO. L.M.G. :15/4/43 : 3 t - : - ammunition, mortars and hand grenades. 1 2.agil aPlil t!llivadies)i i :6/ 5/4.3 : 11 s 16 In June 1943, a battle took place between Gueril-lr.s and matari-Temagra : 1 3/9J4.3 : 7 : 13 an Italian regiment. Guerillas put the entire regiment to tInpadia bridge : 1/6/43 ; : 12 g - route and captured nearly all their equipment. :tunnel . On the20/5/43, during the Thermopiles hattle,Guerillas asfalovrisson (Agri : . : : captured 2 mortars with CO rines,211.G. and 14 rifles with . • Ilion): 7/7/43 : 32 s - : eamunition, 1 verey pistol with flares. ,zero station - t t - On the 21/5/43, Guerillas captured a motorcycle and 20 sKaza-Salingaros- :12/7/43 g. . artillery shells. s Tillie 10 On the 29/9/43, in an engagement which took place in the sGmunatike-Agrinion :2i/431 ; !;: : 12 MOshohorion-Ihermopiles road, Guerillas captured 2 heavy mor- :Iovrena tars, 2 =chine guns and 8 rifles. sliriekondol :4%9%433 2gg : 293 t: 150 arahova ' :12/9/4.3 : 230 : : 04oshohori-Thermo- : a: t piles road 12/9/43 : 52 : : 2 :Thermopiles :29/9/43 : 100 : . 400 sLivadia a- /10/4,3: - : : 40 sLilai.s. :5/10/45s 4 : g 1
Total • 822 : 724 a 206 _
- 33 -
OINIRAL MACDOKIA 1M2Eq Pities of engagement : pate Killed : Wounded : Prisoners: jaao. sogageine2t: Date Zilled ,founded : Prisoners : Aghios pinittrios- , 1 lArtis-Ioanina road: -11/43: - Ikaterini : 512/43 : Ioannina -/1/43: 1 : Salonioa 4/2/43 :Patti : -i2/43: ao - Ighlot pithitrios- aoanina-Artis road:1-10/8(43:29 - Irk:at er int :a1/2/43 - 45 . 0 :ao/2/45 3: 2 Total 331 : Agh.Oimitrios mines :28/2/43 . : 7 Mellis(Yannitsa) :24/12/46.: serious oasualties PAOPONESE tWalthi(Trifilia) :15/2/43: - 1 Total 13 : 56 eyrgaki Akladia tAegheon :21/4/43: 18 : 64 THRACE : 3 - AIemandroUpolis bridge - Total 18 : 55 Didiootikon : 7/5/43 1 : 2 : - koracifolia-Souflion -/9/45 3 1 4 : - SAMOS -a :15/1/43: 3 Total 4 : 9 : - - 43: my= Total 5 v. Yorisa - Kato Spot -/e/3.3 111 : 48 : 13 AngbUtsaki :is/e/43 33 14 N.B. All rpaoes marked with a dank (-) denote that 55 - )(au Sikia ao : enemy oaaualties have not yet been eonfirited- Keutsoperakos 128/9/43 AkladaTithariki :17/11/4a: 20 - - Total 241 : 122 : 13
;MIA - PaahnOe : October: 15 :Nov.43 ,Prekonion : - T o t e l 15 7 ggM_ :29/11/43 •
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se -37-- GRIIE GUIRILLA wok:m.7,5m ritgiam) ------• GERMANS ITAIIAN5 • Area , K1114 : Woueed:Prisor.treffilled:WouLas::P:isoner : • • :1.7.ain Greece 872 : 724 205 • 3212 : 5a1 :Them:1y 612 1342 : 21c. : -100 t • ;ZPirns ; 175 : 2 : : 331 ; co :W.Yeeedonie 32 : el : 2 : 563 : 202 : 1483 : c . 13 : 50 : 56 : : - :Tbraee • : 4: 9 : - : - : - :Peloponese: - - : za : et : 241 • : 122 : 13 : - - :Yhtroia : 15 : 12 - - : - :Samos : 3 : 7 : : 5: - T o t a 1 1987 1018 : 288 : 5958 : Nog : 3885 Total German Italian killed 7335- R wounded 2226- r /V Prisoners 3971- The above information is taken from trustworthy scarces but gives only a sketchy picture of the total activity of the National Groups. -
The folloolog scene Lhich took place in a little villee In Greece is a typical episode of the story °of the Greek Pao- 71s s daily strugzle for freedom. To.ds noon a German detachment passed tbrough a 0z-sek villege • Not a soul was to be seen anywhere for the burnt out houses w er e completely deserted • The amen sAdiers dusty and weary eaw little coacce of r, b taining a bit of rest even here. Al
The toad through the village led to a thiok wood visible in the distance. The Officer in charge of the detachment searched the distanoe with his glasses and perceived on the edge of the wood a small child sitting down and cutting the twigs of a branch with his knife . Absorbed by its work the child bad apparently not noticed . the arrival of Germans in the village. The Officer sent for the chiid and asked the led what he was doing. -^Nothing, Iam just staying here said the led looking at the officer with puzzled blue eyes. -"Is there anyone else here" asked the officer- they have all left" -"? hat have you in your mouth,lad^ -NA whistle" said the child blowing it hard. want you to take me to the next village, otherwise I shall wring your neck" said the officer- /he child agreed and the officer ordered hie men on, and guided by the child entered the wood . There,hidden in the Undergrowth, lay the Men of the ruined village armed with . two machine guns. Before the officer had time to draw his revolver he was shot deed and not a man of the detachment survived- Next morning, the Lad was again seen seated on the edge of the wood, cutting tile twigs a a branch with his knife. Absorbed by his work he was silently humming the eong of LI81RTy.
•67/M05Z(3,1)-544 t v../ -11 5 ancL V i Lla.c3c5 cieslitogeoL . -6 \ REAs GE Pt.11 A N ci 17ALIFINS . 50LGARIANS -total Corn pki. IAA Ctomplgie Poxt Grnt pie+. ?at-i1 I MAIN FLEECE HI 55 36 11 163 9 51 % TNESSALY H.2 J4 - 199 S EPtRUS 109 t7 38 9., 166 if _mric.6.Do.rstsft_ 31 _ 9„,ii .. 47 v.), 144 _.., 198_ THRACE _ _ _ 9., - 9., 10 5 C PELOPONNESE %6 .•••■ ■■• 140 _ CPLEIE %I . 16 — — — 31- '8 FEGIANISLFIND) _ — 1 — _ i -ro-r AL 275 It %i5. gT 46 1315L-CrAlklp 1 \ ,i1)605\-\1\
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o'OCI-APES 151-AI405o 6 a i) . ,
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