Water Resources Planning and Management Possibilities in Chamarajanagar Taluk, Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, India
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Int. J. of Geol. & Earth Sci., 2018 Nagaraju D et al., 2018 ISSN 2395-647X www.ijges.com Vol. 4, No. 2, June 2018 Research Paper © 2018 IJGES. All Rights Reserved WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT POSSIBILITIES IN CHAMARAJANAGAR TALUK, CHAMARAJANAGAR DISTRICT, KARNATAKA, INDIA Nagaraju D1*, Siddaraju K1 and Balasubramanian A1 *Corresponding Author: Nagaraju D [email protected] Received on: 13th March 2018 Accepted on: 17th May, 2018 Any unplanned development and utilization of water resources with result in water scarcity. In many parts of the developing world. Such a situation exists. In order to do proper planning and management of water resources, it is necessary to conduct detailed analyses of the factors, which influence the water availability and its uses. In the present study, a comprehensive analysis have been undertaken for proper utilization of water resources in Chamarajanagar Taluk, which has been identified as one of the drought hit districts of Karnataka, in India. The factors analysed in this work are, surface and groundwater availability, land use, cropping pattern, recharge potential of soils and the rainfall pattern in typical areas of Taluk. It is observed that the problem of water scarcity is mainly due to the lack of irrigation planning and management. Hence, a modified cropping pattern is suggested by taking into consideration of all available water resources and other conditions. Keywords: Water planning, Drought, Soil, Rainfall pattern, Water scarcity irrigation planning INTRODUCTION Gramapanchayath (GP) which are the micro units Chamarajanagar district is located in the southern of District development. The main river draining part of the Karnataka state, in India. through this Taluk is “Suvarnavathi”. It is also Chamarajanagar Taluk is located adjoining to the known as “Honnu Holy”. It flows via southern border of a Taluk of TamilNadu State. To Ramasamudra and Alur towns and flow towards the west, it is bound by Gundalpet and Nanjangud Yelandur town. The Suvarnavathi is a tributary of Taluks and to the north is T.Narasipur Taluk and river Cauvery which is known as “Chikka Holay”. to the east is Yelandur Taluk. This Taluk comprises It is the only surface water resource available for of 5 Hobli’s namely Chamarajanagara (kasaba), the residents of Chamarajanagar town. The Haradanahalli, Harve, Santhemaralli, growing pressure on land and water resources Chandakavadi and it comprises of 42 due to population explosion is a serious concern 1 Department of Studies in Earth Science, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570006, Karnataka, India. 23 Int. J. of Geol. & Earth Sci., 2018 Nagaraju D et al., 2018 to water resources engineers and scientists. To area is accessible by good motorable roads and meet the water needs, it is necessary to find out is very well connected from Mysore to several alternative ways and means for harvesting Chamarajanagar broad gauge railways with a the water which runs off from the land. To achieve length of 60 Km (from Bangalore 157 Km) (Figure this, there is a need to analyse the hydrological 1). The study area experiences a fairly hot parameters such as rainfall characteristics, land summer and cold winter. March to May are the use changes, surface and groundwater availability summer months/season, June to September are and crop water requirement. Various studies have monsoon months/season, October to December been carried out for different parts of district by, are post monsoon months/season as well as State and Central Groundwater Departments. January to February are winter months/season. However, systematic and comprehensive studies The mean maximum temperature is 34 °C and with respect to surface and groundwater the mean minimum temperature is 16.4 °C. The availability are not available. Therefore, the average annual rainfall is 696 mm. The present study is an attempt to assess the total Physiography of Karnataka state has been water resources in Chamarajanagar Taluk, which classified into four Plateaus. They are, Northern is now declared as one of the drought prone Karnataka Plateau, Central Karnataka Plateau, districts. This study is mainly based on the field Southern Karnataka Plateau and Karnataka investigation and information collected through Coastal Region. The Physiographic setting of the local farmers. Land use map of the district was study area belongs to the Southern Karnataka prepared using 1995 IRS-1A-LISS-II data and is plateau, partly maidan, plain, undulating and compared with the present land use condition mountainous region. The average elevation of the through ground truth verification. Further, to study area is 656 m, Above Mean Sea Level understand the available water resources in the (AMSL). district, surface water availability (basin wise), groundwater potential and the crop water The Chamarajnagar district related requirement were also estimated. The hydrological studies have been carried out by: methodology adopted has been presented with 1. Nagaraju D and Papanna C (2009), promising results obtained in this work. Groundwater exploration for tapping the STUDY AREA deeper potential aquifers in hard rock terrain of Udigala watershed, Chamarajanagar Chamarajanagar Taluk, Chamarajanagar district District, Karnataka, India, Journal of of Karnataka comes under the semi-arid climate Ecotoxicology and Environmental zone. It lies between 11o40'00''N 12o15'00''N monitoring, Chennai, India, Vol. 19, No. 4, Latitudes and 76o40'00''E-77o15'00''E Longitude pp. 389-396. with a geographical area of 1235.9 sq. kms covering 190 villages coming under the Survey 2. Nagaraju D (2009), Pollution status of of India (SOI) toposheet nos. 57D/12, 57D/ groundwater for drinking purpose in 16,57H/4, 58A/9, 58A/13, 58A/14, 58E/1, 58E/2, Gundlupet town Chamarajanagar district. 58E/5, on a scale of 1:50,000. The study area Karnataka, India, Journal of Applied falls in southern dry-agro-climatic zone. The study geochemistry, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 212-220. 24 Int. J. of Geol. & Earth Sci., 2018 Nagaraju D et al., 2018 3. C Papanna and Nagaraju D (2009), The and GIS techniques in drought prone area Study of water quality of Kollegal taluk, of Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, Journal India, An International Journal of Quarterly of Myscience,University of Mysore, Vol. IV, Scientific Journal on Nature environment and No. I, pp. 60-65. Pollution Technology, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 661- 4. D Nagaraju, Physical and Chemical 664. Characteristics of groundwater in Kollegal 9. Siddalingamurthy S, Nagaraju D, taluk, Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, Mahadevaswamy Lakshamma and India, Asian journal of Environmental Science Mohammad Subhan Lone (2012), Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 11-14, June 2010. Dependence of groundwater on land use 5. Nagaraju D, Siddalingamutrthy S, pattern studies in Chamarajanagar taluk, Mahadevswamy Laxmamma, Mohammad Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, India. Subhalone, Nagesh P C and Krishna Rao International Journal of Earth Sciences and (2011), Assessment of groundwater potential Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 04 (2), pp. 1091- in Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, 1095, August. India, International Journal of the Earth 10. Lakshamma, Nagaraju D, Siddalingamurthy Science and Engineering, Vol. 04, No. 03, S, Mahadevaswamy and Mohammad pp. 462-466. Subhan Lone (2012), Groundwater quality 6. Nagaraju D, Papanna C, Mahadevaswamy studies in Gundal watershed, G, Lakshmikantha Raju H T, Nagesh P C and Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, India, Krishna Rao (2011), Studies on land use, International Journal of Earth Sciences and land cover and soil texture of Harve Engineering, Vol. 5, No. 04 (2), pp. 1078- watershed, Chamarajanagar District, 1082, August. Karnataka, using Remote sensing and GIS 11. Siddalingamurthy S, Nagaraju D and techniques, Journal of Nature environment Balasubramanian A (2014), Studies of and pollution Technology, Vol. 10, No. 2, pp. Groundwater exploration in Chamarajanagar 289-292, June. taluk, Using electrical Resistivity techniques, 7. Nagaraju D, Siddalingamurthy S Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, South Lakshmamma, Mohammad Subhan lone, India, International Journal of Geology, Nagesh P C and Krishna Rao (2011), Earthscience and Environmental Sciences, Assessment of Groundwater Potential in Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 123-137, May-August. Chamarajanagar District, Karnataka, India, 12. Lakshamma, Nagaraju D, Balasubramanian International Journal of Earth Sciences and A, Siddalingamurthy S and Sumithra (2015), Engineering, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 462-466, June. Estimation of Groundwater recharge studies 8. Nagaraju D, Mahadevaswamy G, in Gundal Watershed, Gundlupet taluk, Siddalingamurthy S, Nagesh P C, Krishna Chamarajanagar Nagar District, Karnataka Rao and Pankaja G V (2011), Groundwater Using remote sensing and GIS, International development studies using remote sensing Journal of current engineering and 25 Int. J. of Geol. & Earth Sci., 2018 Nagaraju D et al., 2018 Technology, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 2138-2148. Quality Evaluation in Hanur Watershed, 13. Nagaraju D, Siddaraju K, Shivaswamy Kollegal Taluk, Chamarajnagar District, Bhanupraksh H M and Balasubramanian A, Karnataka State, South India, International. Delineation and Characterization of Journal of. Advanced. Research, Vol. 5, No. Geomorphological Features Studies of 3, pp. 1064-1075. Muguru Addahalla Watershed, Mysore and 15. Identification of Groundwater Potential Chamarajanagar Taluks of Southern Part of Zones Using Remote Sensing and GIS Karnataka, India International Journal