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Why Hell Is Other People: Distinctively Human Psychological Suffering
Review of General Psychology Copyright 2008 by the American Psychological Association 2008, Vol. 12, No. 1, 1–8 1089-2680/08/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/1089-2680.12.1.1 Why Hell Is Other People: Distinctively Human Psychological Suffering Jesse M. Bering Queen’s University Just as there is remarkable continuity between the structures, abilities, and behaviors of closely related species, so too are there equally remarkable differences. Because only our species has evolved the social cognitive mechanisms that enable a heightened sensitivity to the minds of others, only our species suffers the psychological conse- quences. Using Sartre’s famous play No Exit to illuminate the interplay between evolved psychology and social conscious experience, I show how theory of mind is both biologically adaptive and the common denominator in distinctively human types of psychological suffering. Keywords: social cognition, theory of mind, evolutionary psychology, loneliness, intersubjectivity You remember all we were told about the torture it would make even the most rapacious sinner chambers, the fire and brimstone, the “burning marl.” repent if only to escape the unbearable fate of an Old wives’ tales! There’s no need for red-hot pokers. Hell is—other people! eternity spent with others. As a psychologist who studies social cogni- —the character of Garcin, in Jean-Paul Sartre’s No Exit tion within an evolutionary framework, I am In his play No Exit, Jean-Paul Sartre (1946/ drawn to Sartre’s play because it serves to elu- 1989) introduces us to three characters who find cidate what I believe is a distinctively human themselves in the unenviable position of having type of psychological suffering, one that is so- just been cast to hell. -
On Voyeurism: Being Seen on the Modern Stage
Georgia Southern University Digital Commons@Georgia Southern Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of Spring 2020 On Voyeurism: Being Seen on the Modern Stage Megan M. Mobley Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd Part of the Dramatic Literature, Criticism and Theory Commons Recommended Citation Mobley, Megan M., "On Voyeurism: Being Seen on the Modern Stage" (2020). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2062. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/2062 This thesis (open access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies, Jack N. Averitt College of at Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons@Georgia Southern. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ON VOYEURISM: BEING SEEN ON THE MODERN STAGE by MEGAN MOBLEY (Under the Direction of Dustin Anderson) ABSTRACT At the end of the nineteenth century, playwrights grew more interested in exploring the ramifications of the gaze, looking and being looked at. For existentialist Jean-Paul Sartre, the gaze causes a never-ending battle between our subjective selves, how we view ourselves, and our objective selves, or how others view us. The knowledge of the Other’s gaze allows us to self- reflect on our own existence. Sartre and Oscar Wilde each incorporate the gaze into their plays to explore the battle between our subjective and objective selves, gendered perception, differences in perception, and to undercut or demonstrates the dominant structures of seeing. By first exploring Sartre’s No Exit, I can observe how Sartre’s three main characters demonstrate Mulvey’s theories of the male gaze, a structure of looking which is influenced by the dominant social order. -
The Power of the Gaze in Jean-Paul Sartre's No Exit
1 Foucault‘s panoptic disciplinary power and torture: the power of the gaze in Jean-Paul Sartre‘s No Exit (1944) َظشيح فٕكٕ نقٕج اﻻَضثاط ٔانؼزاب انقائى ػهٗ ذطثيق ًَٕرج " انثإَتريكٌٕ": قٕج انُظشج انثاقثح فٗ يسشديح جٌٕ تٕل ساسذش " ﻻ يخشج" (1944) Presented by: Silvia Elias, PhD Lecturer at the Faculty of Languages and Translation, Department of English language, Pharos University, Alexandria, Egypt 2 Abstract The effect of the Panopticon – introduced by Bentham - is to induce in the inmate a state of permanent visibility/exposure that assures the automatic functioning of the observer‘s (in tower) power. The key lies in the sustained power of surveillance despite its discontinuity in action. It does not matter who exercises the power or the motive behind it, but the more conscious a person is of another person‘s presence: the more a person‘s freedom is threatened by feeling objectified. According to Michel Foucault, discipline is maintained without the need to use force to dictate a certain behavior due to the power of the gaze. Disciplinary power based on knowledge (power-knowledge) defines what is normal, acceptable or deviant. Thus, power becomes a source of social discipline and conformity. Consequently, microcosmic systems of surveillance used in schools or panoptic prisons for example no longer require force or violence. My paper uses Michel Foucault‘s book Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison as its main theoretical framework and applies his theories to Sartre‘s masterpiece No Exit (1944). The play setting is an example of a panoptic prison that is described by its residents as inescapable hell, born from the need to derive validation and identity from others as long as they are the objects of each others‘ gaze. -
Webtoons: the Next Frontier in Global Mobile Content
Media Webtoons: The next frontier in global mobile content Overweight (Maintain) Webtoons: No. 1 in Korea = No. 1 in the world Korea is the birthplace of webtoons. As a “snack-culture” format optimized to Industry Report smartphones, Korea’s webtoons have made significant progress over the years and September 20, 2019 now boast the strongest platform/content competitiveness in the world. As demand for mobile entert ainment continues to grow, webtoons are capturing the eyes and wallets of an increasing number of users, presenting a significant opportunity for Korean platform providers. Mirae Asset Daewoo Co., Ltd. Webtoons to take shape as a distinct market [Media ] Webtoons are more than just an online conversion of paper-based comic books. They Jeong -yeob Park represent a new form of content created by the mobile internet ecosystem. Not only is +822 -3774 -1652 the potential audience larger, but the time spent on webtoons tends to be longer than [email protected] time spent reading paper comics. In Kor ea, webtoons already account for the second largest share of time spent on apps, after videos. When assuming full monetization, the size of the webtoon market is on a completely different level than the traditional comic book market. Webtoons are also gai ning traction among younger people in the global market, similar to what we saw in Korea five to 10 years ago. With the help of marketing and a well-established user/writer base, webtoons look likely to take root as a new culture in overseas markets. Of note, LINE Webtoon has seen impressive user growth in the US , with 8mn monthly active users (MAU). -
Media/Entertainment Rise of Webtoons Presents Opportunities in Content Providers
Media/Entertainment Rise of webtoons presents opportunities in content providers The rise of webtoons Overweight (Maintain) Webtoons are emerging as a profitable new content format, just as video and music streaming services have in the past. In 2015, webtoons were successfull y monetized in Korea and Japan by NAVER (035420 KS/Buy/TP: W241,000/CP: W166,500) and Kakao Industry Report (035720 KS/Buy/TP: W243,000/CP: W158,000). In late 2018, webtoon user number s April 9, 2020 began to grow in the US and Southeast Asia, following global monetization. This year, NAVER Webtoon’s entry into Europe, combined with growing content consumption due to COVID-19 and the success of several webtoon-based dramas, has led to increasing opportunities for Korean webtoon companies. Based on Google Trends Mirae Asset Daewoo Co., Ltd. data, interest in webtoons is hitting all-time highs across major regions. [Media ] Korea is the global leader in webtoons; Market outlook appears bullish Jeong -yeob Park Korea is the birthplace of webtoons. Over the past two decades, Korea’s webtoon +822 -3774 -1652 industry has created sophisticated platforms and content, making it well-positioned for [email protected] growth in both price and volume. 1) Notably, the domestic webtoon industry adopted a partial monetization model, which is better suited to webtoons than monthly subscriptions and ads and has more upside potent ial in transaction volume. 2) The industry also has a well-established content ecosystem that centers on platforms. We believe average revenue per paying user (ARPPU), which is currently around W3,000, can rise to over W10,000 (similar to that of music and video streaming services) upon full monetization. -
Hell Is a Game Show: an Artistic Interpretation Of
HELL IS A GAME SHOW: AN ARTISTIC INTERPRETATION OF THE AFTERLIFE ______________________________ A Thesis Presented to The Honors Tutorial College Ohio University _____________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduation from the Honors Tutorial College with the degree of Bachelor of Fine Arts in Film _____________________________ by Zachary Stoner May 2018 Stoner 1 “Hell is other people,” shouts Joseph Garcin in Jean-Paul Sartre’s 1944 play Huis Clos (No Exit). It was this sentiment that summarizes the entire play: man can never escape the judgment of others and in turn is always in the hell of his own self-judgment. It is this quote, in its various forms and parodies, that would come back to haunt me in ironic ways. But it was also this play that took me down the path that would eventually lead me to the creation of my film: Hell is a Game Show. This project starts before Sartre, with my junior year film Near Sighted: The Usually Alone Interview - specifically with a supporting actress by the name of Evie Weir. Her acting was smart and funny, a natural with the kind of dark comedy that I had become so fond of writing. There’s an old Hollywood expression that goes “directing is ninety percent casting,” and I planned to take that a step further and write my thesis film around a talented actress that had a great knowledge of the craft. I had just finished watching two dark comedies: Kiss Kiss Bang Bang (2005) and Seven Psychopaths (2012). Both feature comedy that relies heavily on horrible murder or torture. -
Aplikasi Line Webtoon Dan Kebutuhan Mahasiswa
APLIKASI LINE WEBTOON DAN KEBUTUHAN MAHASISWA (Analisis Isi Teori Uses and Gratifications terhadap Aplikasi LINE Webtoon di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Sumatera Utara) SKRIPSI GABERIELLA PUTRI BENMA MAHA 160904089 Jurnalistik UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KOMUNIKASI MEDAN 2020 Universitas Sumatera Utara APLIKASI LINE WEBTOON DAN KEBUTUHAN MAHASISWA (Analisis Isi Teori Uses and Gratifications terhadap Aplikasi LINE Webtoon di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Sumatera Utara) SKRIPSI Diajukan sebagai salah satu syarat untuk memperoleh gelar sarjana Program Strata 1 (S1) pada Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara GABERIELLA PUTRI BENMA MAHA 160904089 Jurnalistik PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KOMUNIKASI FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU POLITIK UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2020 Universitas Sumatera Utara ii Universitas Sumatera Utara HALAMAN PENGESAHAN Skripsi ini disetujui untuk dipertahankan oleh: Nama : GABERIELLA PUTRI BENMA MAHA NIM : 160904089 Program Studi : Ilmu Komunikasi Judul Skripsi : APLIKASI LINE WEBTOON DAN KEBUTUHAN MAHASISWA (Analisis Isi Teori Uses and Gratifications terhadap Aplikasi LINE Webtoon di Kalangan Mahasiswa Universitas Sumatera Utara) Telah berhasil dipertahankan di hadapan Dewan penguji dan diterima sebagai bagian persyaratan yang diperlukan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Ilmu Komunikasi pada Program Studi Program Studi Ilmu Komunikasi Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Sumatera Utara. Majelis Penguji Ketua Penguji : Dr. Iskandar Zulkarnain, M.Si (………………….) NIP. 196609031990031004 Penguji : Dra. Mazdalifah, M.Si,Ph.D (………………….) NIP. 196507031989032001 Penguji Utama : Dra. Fatma Wardy Lubis, M.A (………………….) NIP. 196208281987012001 Ditetapkan di : Medan iii Universitas Sumatera Utara Tanggal : 4 Mei 2021 HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS Skripsi ini adalah hasil karya saya sendiri, semua sumber baik yang dikutip maupun dirujuk telah saya cantumkan sumbernya dengan benar. -
02 [Music In] :15 SM: This Is One of the Last Parts of the Continental
:02 [music in] :15 SM: This is one of the last parts of the continental United States that is actually still labeled “frontier.” :24 SM: There’s urban, suburban, rural, and then frontier, and we are frontier. :34 MB: You have to understand some of the history of the city. Trinidad originally was a western frontier town. With it being a frontier town it also had lots of bars and brothels— and churches. So there was lots of sinning and lots of repenting, I guess you could say. :56 LE: Trinidad is the spiritual center for transsexuals. 1:08 [music out] 1:08 [music in] 1:57 [music out] 1:57 [marching band] 2:29 Carney: I went to the hospital and they told me they wanted to put me under for some surgery on my knee, and I told them I didn’t want them to put me under because I had heard it was the sex change capital of the world and I wanted to wake up with everything I came with. 2:38 Woman in tank: You’re from Trinidad, the sex change capital of the world? Yes, unfortunately. 2:43 Cowboy: They ask where you’re from and you say “Trinidad, Colorado,” and they’re like, “Oh [laughs], that place.” 2:49 Bearded guy with cap: I wanted to move cuz that shit’s disgusting. I think God made you one way for a reason. 2:55 Guy with blue shirt and sunglasses: They’re not from here. They’re from your neighborhood. 2:58 Woman with umbrella: Everyone from other towns come here to get it. -
Theescapist 029.Pdf
As anyone who has worked in, knows But, at some point, it has to be done. At So, to PCGamer, and any others recently high school, I decided to attempt to open someone who has worked in or really some point, we need to take a look at joining the fray: Welcome. It feels pretty a site offering these games as donation- has any vague notion of the media what advertisers are doing and saying in good, doesn’t it? ware, with all donations forwarded (no industry can tell you, advertising is key our magazines. Yes, it has to be done for administration fees, of course) to Child’s to the bottom line. That monthly/yearly legal reasons; pointing to their $7.2 Cheers, Play. The site, to be named TJGames.org subscription you pay? It about covers the million lighter wallet, The Sporting News (TJ being shorthand for Thomas production cost, whether it’s the printing can tell you that. But perhaps more Jefferson High School), is currently and shipping for a print magazine or the important, we, as media gateways, have under construction, but I’ve been bandwidth and upkeep for an online a responsibility to our audience. amazed already at how willing my fellow publication. Ads pay for the rest – gamers are to contribute work to the writers, editors, artists, equipment, This responsibility has led us, at The site. Already several have agreed to office space and so on. Escapist, to our advertising philosophy. contribute games, and the graphics for The relevant bit here is that we have the site and the site itself are being So, for a company to turn down ad never accepted ads or money from gold developed free of charge by students To the Editor: First of all, thank you for dollars, either they have plenty of farmers. -
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House and Philosophy Takes an Engaging Look at Everyone’S Favorite Misanthropic Genius and His Team at Princeton-Plainsboro Hospital
PHILOSOPHY/POP CULTURE IRWIN Is being nice overrated? Are we really just selfi sh, base animals crawling HOUSE across Earth in a meaningless existence? Would reading less and watching more television be good for you? Is House a master of Eastern philosophy or just plain rude? Dr. Gregory House is arguably the most complex and challenging antihero in the history of television, but is there more to this self-important genius than AND gray matter and ego? This book takes a deeper look at House to reveal the PHILOSOPHY philosophical underpinnings of this popular medical drama and its cane-waving curmudgeon’s most outrageous behavior. What emerges is a remarkable character who is part Sherlock Holmes, part Socratic philosopher, part Nietzschean superman, part Taoist rhetorician, and not at all as screwed up as you might think. With everything from Aristotle to Zen, House and Philosophy takes an engaging look at everyone’s favorite misanthropic genius and his team at Princeton-Plainsboro Hospital. EVERYBODY LIES EVERYBODY HENRY JACOBY teaches philosophy at East Carolina University. He has published articles on the philosophy of mind and contributed to South Park and Philosophy. He lives in Goldsboro, North Carolina, with his wife, Kathryn, and their two cats, Bunkai and Willow. WILLIAM IRWIN i s a p r ofe s s o r of p h il o s o p hy a t K i n g’s C o ll e g e, Pe n n sy l va n i a . He has coedited The Simpsons and Philosophy and edited Seinfeld and Philosophy, The Matrix and Philosophy, and Metallica and Philosophy. -
Nausea: an Expression of Sartre's Existential Philosophy
,_. __ . .....•.. - __ - -- .00. 0_.0 _.0__ 0_ This dissertation has been microfilmed exactly as received 70-9973 MALHOTRA, Ashok Kumar, 1940- NAUSEA: AN EXPRESSION OF SARTRE'S EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY. University of Hawaii, Ph.D., 1969 Philosophy University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan NAUSEA: AN EXPRESSION OF SARTREtS EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY A DISSER~TION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE DIVISION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR mE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN PHILOSOPHY AUGUST 1969 By Ashok Kumar Malhotra Dissertation Committee: Winfield E. Nagley, Chairman Harold E. McCarthy Kenneth K. Inada E1 iot Deutsch Henry S. Karie1 TABIE OF CON'lENTS ABSTRACT . .. ..... .. ...... i CHAPTER I. CONTROVERSY ABOUT NAUSEA •••••••••• 1 Nausea: A Philosophical Novel ••••• •• 3 Nausea: Not a Philosophical Novel ••• •• 10 Nausea: An Artistic Milestone in Twentieth century Literature ••••••• 13 Nausea: A Loose Type of Writing •••• •• 15 CHAPTER II• NAUSEA AS A WORK OF ART PART I. Summary •• .... .. 18 PART II. the Three Main Literary Devices Used A. the Use of Metaphor • •• • · • 24 B. The Use of Humor . •• • • · • 33 C. '!'he Use of Irony • . • • ·· • 36 PART III. '!'he Justification of the Use of Diary Form • .. • •• · • • 39 CHAP'lER III. EXISTENTIAL THEMES IN NAUSEA A. Existence ••••••••••••••• 45 B. Nausea.. ••••••••••••• •• 57 C. Freedom •••••••••••••• •• 61 D. Justification of Existence ••••• •• 65 CHAPTER IV. NAUSEA: AN EXPRESSION OF SARTRE'S EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY ••••••••••••••• •• 74 BIBLIOGRAPHY • • • ••• • • • • • • • • • •• • • • 116 NAUSEA: AN EXPRESSION OF SARTRE'S EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY By Ashok Kumar Malhotra A dissertation sUbmitted to the Graduate Division of the University of Hawaii in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.