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Home , Entertainment, Recreation

Section 26 , , and

This section presents data on the arts, published periodically by the U.S. Depart- entertainment, and recreation economic ment of Interior, Fish and Wildlife . sector of the economy, and personal rec- The most recent data are from the 1996 reational activities, the arts and humani- survey. Data on participation in various ties, and domestic and foreign . recreation activities are published by the National Sporting Goods Associa- Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation tion. Mediamark, Inc. also conducts peri- —The U.S. Census Bureau’s Serv- odic surveys on sports and activi- ice Annual Survey, Arts, Entertainment, ties, as well as other topics. and Recreation Sector, provides estimates Parks and recreation—The Department of operation revenue of taxable firms and of the Interior has responsibility for revenues and expenses of firms exempt administering the national parks. The from federal taxes for industries in this National Park Service publishes informa- sector of the economy. Data for 1998 and tion on visits to national park areas in its 1999 are based on the North American annual report, National Park Statistical Classification System (NAICS). Most estab- Abstract. The National Parks: Index (year) lishments were previously classified in is a biannual report which contains brief the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) descriptions, with acreages, of each area in services, some in trade. administered by the service, plus certain ‘‘related’’ areas. The annual Federal Recre- This new sector is comprised of industries ation Fee Report summarizes the prior which existed previously, were revised year’s recreation fee receipts and recre- from previous industry definitions, or are ation visitation statistics for seven federal completely new industries. Among those land managing agencies. Statistics for which existed previously are state parks are compiled by the National and theme parks. Revised industries Association of State Park Directors which include museums. New industries include issues its Annual Exchange. companies and dinner theaters. The following URL contains detailed Travel— Statistics on arrivals to the information about NAICS and provides United States are reported by the Interna- tional Trade Administration (ITA). Statis- a comparison of the SIC and NAICS tics on departures from the United States . See also the text in Section tion’s International Air Travel Statistics 15, Enterprise. and other sources. Data on domestic travel, business receipts and The 1997 Economic Census was the first of the travel industry, and travel expendi- economic census to cover the new Infor- tures are published by the U.S. Travel mation Sector of the economy. The Cen- Data Center, which is the research depart- sus, conducted every 5-years, for the ment of the Travel Industry Association years ending ‘‘2’’ and ‘‘7,’’ provides infor- and the national nonprofit center for mation on the number of establishments, travel and research located in receipts, payroll and paid employees for Washington, DC. Other data on household the U.S. and various geographic levels. transportation characteristics are in Sec- tion 23, Transportation. Recreation and leisure activities— Data on the participation in various recre- Statistical reliability—For a discussion ation and leisure time activities are based of statistical collection and estimation, on several sample surveys. Data on par- sampling procedures, and measures of ticipation in , , and other statistical reliability applicable to Census forms of wildlife-associated recreation are Bureau data, see Appendix III. Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 751

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 Figure 26.1 Adult Participation During the Last 12 Months in Selected Leisure Activities: 1999 Percent Dining out Entertain friends or relatives at home books Barbecuing cards Go to beach Attend Baking for Go to bars/night clubs Surf the Net Crossword puzzles Picnic Go to museums Go to live theater attendance Board Video games /go dancing Billiards/pool Electronic games (not TV)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

Source: Chart prepared by U.S. Census Bureau. For data, see Table 1243.

Figure 26.2 Persons Participating in Selected Sports Activities: 1999 Percent walking Swimming Exercising with equipment Bicycle riding Fishing--fresh water Billiards Golf Aerobic exercising /jogging Hunting with firearms Softball Soccer

0510 15 20 25 30 35

Source: Chart prepared by U.S. Census Bureau. For data, see Table 1245.

752 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1230. Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation—Establishments, Receipts, Payroll, and Employees by Kind of Business (NAICS Basis): 1997 [For establishments with payroll. (85,088 represents $85,088,000,000). Based on the 1997 Economic Census; see Appendix III]

Receipts 2 Annual payroll Paid employee for pay NAICS Industry 1 Estab- Per Per period code lish- paid paid including ments Total employee Total employee March 12 (number) (mil. dol.) (dol.) (mil. dol.) (dol.) (1,000) Taxable establishments ...... 71 79,636 85,088 70,474 26,104 21,620 1,207.4 , spectator sports ...... 711 25,942 32,744 138,788 12,834 54,400 235.9 Performing arts companies ...... 7111 5,883 5,272 101,763 1,452 28,033 51.8 Spectator sports ...... 7112 3,881 13,656 147,804 6,151 66,577 92.4 Sportsteams&clubs...... 711211 483 7,809 234,284 4,922 147,686 33.3 Racetracks ...... 711212 807 4,142 92,291 797 17,764 44.9 Other spectator sports...... 711219 2,591 1,705 120,238 432 30,428 14.2 Promoters of performing arts, sports, & similar events ...... 7113 2,633 5,045 98,133 1,053 20,475 51.4 Agents/managers for artists, athletes, & otherpublicfigures...... 7114 2,532 2,410 182,032 911 68,800 13.2 Independent artists, , & performers . 7115 11,013 6,361 234,888 3,268 120,657 27.1 Museums, historical sites, & similar ...... 712 787 484 66,431 122 16,811 7.3 Amusement, , & recreation ...... 713 52,907 51,861 53,789 13,147 13,636 964.2 Amusement parks & arcades ...... 7131 3,344 8,418 60,595 1,962 14,121 138.9 Amusement & theme parks ...... 71311 607 7,172 64,733 1,690 15,258 110.8 Amusement arcades ...... 71312 2,737 1,247 44,305 271 9,647 28.1 Gambling industries ...... 7132 2,099 15,542 92,217 3,222 19,117 168.5 Casinos (except casino hotels) ...... 71321 447 10,186 88,413 2,305 20,004 115.2 Other gambling industries ...... 71329 1,652 5,355 100,437 917 17,200 53.3 Other amusement & recreation services . . 7139 47,464 27,901 42,487 7,963 12,126 656.7 Golf courses & country clubs ...... 71391 8,546 8,637 53,941 2,732 17,062 160.1 Skiing facilities...... 71392 379 1,341 22,915 431 7,368 58.5 Marinas...... 71393 4,217 2,541 111,640 517 22,692 22.8 Fitness & recreational sports centers . . . 71394 16,604 7,945 30,987 2,405 9,380 256.4 Bowling centers ...... 71395 5,590 2,821 32,037 821 9,325 88.0 All other amusement & recreation industries ...... 71399 12,128 4,616 65,140 1,058 14,925 70.9 Tax-exempt establishments ...... 71 19,463 19,627 51,610 6,683 17,575 380.3 Performing arts, spectator sports ...... 711 4,624 4,876 53,681 1,622 17,852 90.8 Performing arts companies ...... 7111 3,316 3,299 46,987 1,273 18,135 70.2 Theater companies & dinner theaters. . . 71111 1,647 1,776 54,135 631 19,223 32.8 Dance companies ...... 71112 371 323 47,399 131 19,208 6.8 Musical groups & artists ...... 71113 1,211 1,154 38,767 499 16,756 29.8 Other performing arts companies ..... 71119 87 45 56,119 13 15,726 0.8 Promoters of performing arts, sports, & similar events ...... 7113 1,308 1,577 76,461 348 16,890 20.6 Museums, historical sites, & similar institutions ...... 712 4,793 6,280 74,328 1,715 20,294 84.5 Museums ...... 71211 3,434 4,529 75,334 1,212 20,167 60.1 Historicalsites...... 71212 814 343 50,704 101 15,020 6.8 & botanical gardens ...... 71213 269 1,279 81,326 364 23,162 15.7 Nature parks & other similar institutions . . . 71219 276 129 68,539 36 19,319 1.9 Other amusement & recreation industries . . . 713 10,046 8,470 41,327 3,347 16,331 205.0 Golf courses & country clubs ...... 71391 3,212 5,583 48,145 2,291 19,761 116.0 Fitness & recreational sports centers..... 71394 4,679 2,217 29,288 859 11,343 75.7 All other amusement & recreational industries ...... 71399 2,155 670 50,410 197 14,809 13.3 1 North American Industry Classification System, 1997; see text, this section, and Section 15, Business Enterprise. 2 Revenue for tax-exempt establishments. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1997 Economic Census, Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation, Series EC97571A-US(RV), issued April 2000.

No. 1231. Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Services—Estimated Revenue: 1998 and 1999 [In millions of dollars (108,644 represents $108,644,000,000), except percent. For taxable and tax-exempt employer firms. Except as indicated, estimates adjusted to the results of the 1997 Economic Census. Minus sign (-) indicates decrease]

Total Taxable NAICS Industry 1 Percent Percent code change, change, 1998 1999 1998-99 1998 1999 1998-99 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...... 71 108,644 115,366 6.2 88,696 94,119 6.1 Performing arts, spectator sports ...... 711 39,334 41,141 4.6 34,524 36,053 4.4 Performing arts companies 2...... 7111 8,618 8,816 2.3 5,415 5,458 0.8 Spectator sports ...... 7112 14,871 15,765 6.0 14,871 15,765 6.0 Sports teams and clubs ...... 711211 8,537 8,973 5.1 8,537 8,973 5.1 Racetracks...... 711212 4,599 5,106 11.0 4,599 5,106 11.0 Other spectator sports ...... 711219 1,734 1,686 -2.8 1,734 1,686 -2.8 Promoters of performing arts, sports and similar events...... 7113 6,665 7,168 7.5 5,057 5,438 7.5 Agents and managers for artists, athletes, entertainersandotherpublicfigures...... 7114 2,824 3,054 8.1 2,824 3,054 8.1 Independent artists, writers, and performers .... 7115 6,356 6,338 -0.3 6,356 6,338 -0.3 See footnotes at end of table.

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 753

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1231. Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Services—Estimated Revenue: 1998 and 1999—Con.

[See headnote, page 753]

Total Taxable NAICS Industry 1 Percent Percent code change, change, 1998 1999 1998-99 1998 1999 1998-99 Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions. . . 712 7,180 7,625 6.2 582 703 20.8 Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries . . . 713 62,129 66,601 7.2 53,590 57,363 7.0 Amusement parks and arcades ...... 7131 8,525 8,683 1.9 8,525 8,683 1.9 Amusement and theme parks ...... 71311 7,335 7,512 2.4 7,335 7,512 2.4 Amusement arcades ...... 71312 1,191 1,171 -1.7 1,191 1,171 -1.7 Gambling industries ...... 7132 15,597 16,955 8.7 15,597 16,955 8.7 Casinos (except casino hotels) ...... 71321 10,698 11,752 9.9 10,698 11,752 9.9 Other gambling industries ...... 71329 4,899 5,204 6.2 4,899 5,204 6.2 Other amusement and recreation industries ...... 7139 38,007 40,963 7.8 29,468 31,725 7.7 Golf courses and country clubs ...... 71391 14,737 16,116 9.4 9,072 10,099 11.3 Skiing facilities ...... 71392 1,335 1,372 2.8 1,335 1,372 2.8 Marinas 3 ...... 71393 2,832 3,037 7.2 2,832 3,037 7.2 Fitness and recreational sports centers...... 71394 10,860 11,836 9.0 8,629 9,292 7.7 Bowling centers ...... 71395 2,819 2,949 4.6 2,819 2,949 4.6 All other amusement and recreation...... 71399 5,425 5,654 4.2 4,783 4,977 4.1 1 Based in the North American Industry Classification System; see text, this section, and Section 15, Business Enterprise. 2 Estimates for NAICS 71113 and 71119 not adjusted to the 1997 Economic Census. 3 Estimates not adjusted to the 1997 Economic Census. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, 1999 Service Annual Survey, Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation Services.

No. 1232. Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation—Establishments, Payroll, and Employees by Kind of Business (NAICS Basis): 1998 and 1999

[For establishments with payroll (1,583.8 represents 1,583,800). See Appendix III]

2 Establishments Paid employees Annual payroll NAICS (1,000) (mil. dol.) Industry code 1 1998 1999 1998 1999 1998 1999 Arts, entertainment, & recreation, total. . 71 102,794 102,786 1,583.8 1,640.0 36,045 39,416 Performing arts, spectator sports...... 711 32,731 32,906 312.1 330.4 15,803 17,381 Performing arts companies ...... 7111 9,784 9,342 118.1 122.0 2,929 3,053 Theater companies & dinner theaters .... 71111 3,500 3,322 59.2 61.7 1,289 1,350 Dance companies ...... 71112 581 591 9.6 10.2 178 195 Musical groups & artists ...... 71113 4,732 4,604 40.8 42.6 1,229 1,289 Other performing arts companies ...... 71119 971 825 8.5 7.4 233 219 Spectator sports ...... 7112 4,321 4,372 91.1 91.0 7,060 8,159 Sportsteams&clubs...... 711211 633 667 32.7 32.0 5,718 6,708 Racetracks ...... 711212 917 888 42.9 42.5 818 880 Other spectator sports ...... 711219 2,771 2,817 15.5 16.5 524 571 Promoters of performing arts, sports, & similar events ...... 7113 4,101 4,224 57.9 65.4 1,365 1,673 Promoters of performing arts, sports, & similar events with facilities ...... 71131 976 1,030 34.5 41.2 570 782 Promoters of performing arts, sports, & similar events without facilities ...... 71132 3,125 3,194 23.4 24.2 795 891 Agents/managers for artists, athletes, & otherpublicfigures...... 7114 2,785 2,837 14.3 15.1 955 1,037 Independent artists, writers, & performers . . . 7115 11,740 12,131 30.7 36.9 3,494 3,459 Museums, historical sites, & similar institutions...... 712 5,680 5,714 96.5 104.6 2,086 2,321 Museums ...... 71211 3,901 3,940 66.1 71.4 1,441 1,603 Historicalsites...... 71212 903 891 8.4 8.0 132 131 Zoos & botanical gardens...... 71213 395 404 17.5 19.6 412 469 Nature parks & other similar institutions .... 71219 481 479 4.6 5.7 100 118 Amusement, gambling, & recreation industries ...... 713 64,383 64,166 1,175.2 1,205.0 18,156 19,714 Amusement parks & arcades ...... 7131 3,509 3,135 142.6 127.4 2,157 2,266 Amusement & theme parks ...... 71311 930 689 114.8 102.1 1,880 1,963 Amusement arcades ...... 71312 2,579 2,446 27.8 25.3 277 304 Gambling industries...... 7132 2,524 2,238 166.9 178.7 3,473 4,099 Casinos (except casino hotels)...... 71321 595 546 119.8 128.4 2,611 3,077 Other gambling industries ...... 71329 1,929 1,692 47.1 50.2 862 1,021 Other amusement & recreation services .... 7139 58,350 58,793 865.7 898.9 12,527 13,349 Golf courses & country clubs ...... 71391 11,751 11,809 270.3 280.1 5,562 5,817 Skiing facilities ...... 71392 400 395 55.7 60.1 421 426 Marinas...... 71393 4,226 4,170 23.2 24.0 564 599 Fitness & recreational sports centers..... 71394 21,926 22,401 343.5 357.5 3,674 4,035 Bowling centers...... 71395 5,400 5,291 86.5 84.2 822 847 All other amusement & recreation industries ...... 71399 14,647 14,727 86.5 93.1 1,483 1,626 1 North American Industry Classification System code; see text, this section and Section 15, Business Enterprise. 2 For employees on the payroll for the period including March 12. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, annual.

754 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1233. Personal Consumption Expenditures for Recreation: 1990 to 1999

[In billions of dollars (284.9 represents $284,900,000,000), except percent. Represents market value of purchases of goods and services by individuals and nonprofit institutions]

Type of product or service 1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Total recreation expenditures ...... 284.9 368.7 401.6 429.6 456.6 489.8 534.9 Percent of total personal consumption 1 ...... 7.4 7.8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Books and maps ...... 16.2 20.8 23.1 24.9 26.3 27.8 29.8 Magazines, newspapers, and sheet music ...... 21.6 24.9 26.2 27.6 29.1 32.5 37.0 Nondurable toys and supplies ...... 32.8 43.4 47.2 50.6 53.2 57.3 63.1 Wheel goods, sports, and photographic equipment 2...... 29.7 35.2 38.5 40.5 42.8 46.4 51.3 Video and audio products, computer equipment, and musical instruments ...... 52.9 71.0 77.0 80.0 83.7 90.7 99.1 Video and audio goods, including and musical instruments...... 43.9 53.0 55.9 56.4 57.9 62.1 67.3 Computers, peripherals, and software ...... 8.9 18.0 21.0 23.6 25.9 28.6 31.9 and repair...... 3.7 3.3 3.6 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.9 Flowers, seeds, and potted plants ...... 10.9 13.2 13.8 14.9 15.3 16.3 17.5 Admissions to specified spectator amusements ...... 14.8 18.2 19.2 20.7 22.1 23.6 25.8 Motion picture theaters ...... 5.1 5.2 5.5 5.8 6.3 6.9 7.4 Legitimate theaters and , and of nonprofit institutions 3 ...... 5.2 7.2 7.6 8.0 8.6 9.1 10.2 Spectator sports 4 ...... 4.5 5.8 6.1 6.9 7.1 7.6 8.2 Clubs and fraternal organizations, except 5 ...... 8.7 11.8 12.7 14.0 14.6 15.0 15.8 Commercial participant amusements 6 ...... 24.6 38.6 43.9 48.3 52.8 56.4 63.1 Parimutuel net receipts ...... 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Other 7 ...... 65.4 84.7 93.1 100.8 109.1 116.0 124.6 1 See Table 648. 2 Includes boats and aircraft. 3 Except athletic. 4 Consists of admissions to professional and amateur athletic events and to racetracks, including horse, dog, and auto. 5 Consists of dues and fees excluding insurance premiums. 6 Consists of billiard parlors; bowling alleys; dancing, riding, shooting, skating, and swimming places; amusement devices and parks; golf courses; sightseeing buses and guides; private flying operations; casino gambling; and other commercial participant amusements. 7 Consists of net receipts of lotteries and expenditures for purchases of pets and pet care services, cable TV, processing, photographic studios, sporting and recreation camps, video cassette rentals, and recreational services, not elsewhere classified. Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, National Income and Product National Income and Product Accounts of the United States, 1929-97, (forthcoming); and Survey of Current Business, June 2001.

No. 1234. Expenditures Per Consumer Unit for Entertainment and Reading: 1985 to 1999

[Data are annual averages. In dollars, except as indicated. Based on Consumer Expenditure Survey; see text, Section 13, Income, Expenditures, and Wealth, for description of survey. See also headnote, Table 659. For composition of regions, see map, inside front cover]

Entertainment and reading Entertainment Year and characteristic Percent of Television, Other total , and equipment expendi- Fees and sound and serv- Total tures Total admissions equipment ices 1 Reading 1985 ...... 1,311 5.6 1,170 320 371 479 141 1990 ...... 1,575 5.6 1,422 371 454 597 153 1991 ...... 1,635 5.5 1,472 378 468 627 163 1992 ...... 1,662 5.6 1,500 379 492 629 162 1993 ...... 1,792 5.8 1,626 414 590 621 166 1994 ...... 1,732 5.5 1,567 439 533 595 165 1995 ...... 1,775 5.5 1,612 433 542 637 163 1996 ...... 1,993 5.9 1,834 459 561 814 159 1997 ...... 1,977 5.7 1,813 471 577 766 164 1998 ...... 1,907 5.4 1,746 449 535 762 161 1999, total ...... 2,050 5.5 1,891 459 608 824 159 Age of reference person: Under 25 years old ...... 1,219 5.6 1,149 262 485 402 70 25 to 34 years old...... 1,892 5.2 1,776 395 636 744 116 35 to 44 years old...... 2,411 5.6 2,254 528 707 1,019 157 45 to 54 years old...... 2,578 5.5 2,368 578 741 1,049 210 55 to 64 years old...... 2,371 6.0 2,176 560 578 1,038 195 65 to 74 years old...... 1,751 5.9 1,567 438 477 653 184 75 years old and over ...... 1,016 4.4 875 223 341 311 141 Origin of reference person: Hispanic ...... 1,316 4.0 1,245 253 554 437 71 Non-Hispanic ...... 2,119 5.7 1,951 478 613 860 168 Race of reference person: Whiteandother...... 2,192 5.7 2,022 498 615 909 170 Black...... 1,016 3.7 935 175 558 203 81 Region of residence: Northeast...... 2,023 5.3 1,828 505 656 666 195 Midwest ...... 2,233 6.1 2,067 462 596 1,009 166 South ...... 1,684 5.1 1,567 377 570 621 117 West...... 2,457 5.8 2,268 544 640 1,085 189 1 Other equipment and services includes pets, toys, and equipment; sports, exercise, and photographic equipment; and recreational vehicles. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Consumer Expenditure Survey, annual.

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 755

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1235. Performing Arts—Selected Data: 1985 to 1999

[Sales, receipts and expenditures in millions of dollars (209 represents $209,000,000). For season ending in year shown, except as indicated]

Item 1985 1990 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Legitimate theater: 1 Broadway shows: New productions ...... 33 40 37 34 39 33 38 37 33 39 Attendance (mil.) ...... 7.3 8.0 7.4 7.9 8.1 9.0 9.5 10.6 11.5 11.7 Playing weeks 23...... 1,078 1,070 905 1,019 1,066 1,120 1,146 1,349 1,442 1,441 Gross ticket sales ...... 209 282 293 328 356 406 436 499 558 588 Broadway road tours: Attendance (mil.) ...... 8.2 11.1 12.9 14.9 16.0 15.6 18.1 17.6 15.2 14.6 Playing weeks ...... 993 944 1,171 1,296 1,249 1,242 1,345 1,334 1,127 1,082 Gross ticket sales ...... 226 367 503 626 705 701 796 782 721 707 Nonprofit professional theaters: 4 Companies reporting ...... 217 185 182 177 231 215 228 197 189 313 Gross income...... 234.7 307.6 359.1 342.5 455.1 444.4 450.7 565.0 570.0 740.0 Earned income...... 146.1 188.4 222.5 209.7 277.4 281.2 274.0 349.9 342.0 442.0 Contributed income...... 88.6 119.2 136.6 132.8 177.7 163.1 176.7 215.1 228.0 298.0 Gross expenses ...... 239.3 306.3 365.6 349.3 460.2 444.9 439.5 526.6 518.5 701.0 Productions ...... 2,710 2,265 2,310 2,319 2,929 2,646 3,074 2,295 2,135 3,921 Performances ...... 52,341 46,131 46,184 44,933 59,542 56,608 56,954 51,453 46,628 64,556 Total attendance (mil.)...... 14.2 15.2 16.0 16.5 20.7 18.6 17.1 17.2 14.6 18.0 OPERA America professional member companies: 5 Number of companies reporting6. . 97 98 100 85 86 88 83 91 89 95 Expenses 6 ...... 216.4 321.2 371.8 389.5 404.9 435.0 466.7 534.1 556.3 633.5 Performances 7 ...... 1,909 2,336 2,424 1,945 1,982 2,251 2,019 2,137 2,222 2,200 Total attendance (mil.) 78 ...... 6.7 7.5 7.3 5.5 6.0 6.5 6.5 6.9 6.6 6.7 Main season attendance (mil.) 79. 3.3 4.1 4.3 3.6 3.7 3.9 3.9 4.0 3.7 4.1 Symphony : 10 ...... 19,573 18,931 19,778 18,389 17,795 29,328 28,887 26,906 31,766 31,549 Attendance (mil.) ...... 24.0 24.7 26.3 24.0 24.4 30.9 31.1 31.9 32.2 30.8 Gross revenue ...... 252.4 377.5 414.0 430.5 442.5 536.2 558.9 575.5 627.6 671.8 Operating expenses ...... 426.1 621.7 683.0 689.9 710.0 858.8 892.4 937.1 1,012.0 1,088.0 Support ...... 188.1 257.8 279.6 293.0 293.1 351.0 382.8 401.1 459.7 486.0 1 Source: The League of American Theaters and Producers, Inc, , NY. For season ending in year shown. 2 All shows (new productions and holdovers from previous seasons). 3 Eight performances constitute one playing week. 4 Source: Communications Group, New York, NY. For years ending on or prior to Aug. 31. 5 Source: OPERAAmerica, Washington, DC. For years ending on or prior to Aug 31. 6 United States companies. 7 Prior to 1993 and for 1999, United States and Canadian companies; 1993 to 1998, U.S. companies only. 8 Includes educational performances, outreach, etc. 9 For paid performances. 10 Source: American Symphony League, Inc., Washington, DC. For years ending Aug. 31. Prior to 1995 represents 254 U.S. orchestras; beginning 1995, represents all U.S. orchestras, excluding college/university and youth orchestras. Also, beginning 1995, data based on 1,200 orchestras. Source: Compiled from sources listed in footnotes.

No. 1236. Attendance Rates for Various Arts Activities: 1997

[In percent. For persons 18 years old and over. Represents attendance at least once in the prior 12 months. Excludes elementary and high school performances. Based on the 1997 household survey Public Participation in the Arts. Data are subject to sampling error; see source. See also Tables 1238 and 1239]

Classical Item music Non- perfor- perfor- Musical musical Historic Arts/ mance mance Opera play play museum park Total...... 12 16 5 25 16 6 35 47 48 Sex: Male...... 13 14 4 22 15 4 34 48 42 Female...... 11 17 5 27 17 8 36 46 53 Race: Hispanic ...... 7 8 3 16 10 5 29 33 34 White...... 12 18 5 27 17 7 36 51 52 AfricanAmerican..... 16 10 2 22 16 4 31 37 34 AmericanIndian...... 11 9 5 15 5 1 22 42 47 Asian...... 10 16 7 20 18 4 42 44 39 Age: 18 to 24 years old .... 15 16 5 26 20 7 38 46 44 25 to 34 years old .... 13 11 4 23 13 5 37 49 49 35 to 44 years old .... 14 14 4 26 15 7 37 52 54 45 to 54 years old .... 13 20 6 29 20 7 40 54 56 55 to 64 years old .... 9 16 5 23 14 5 30 45 44 65 to 74 years old .... 8 18 4 24 15 5 28 37 40 75 years old and over . . 4 14 3 15 13 4 20 25 24 : Grade school...... 2 2 -63261313 Some high school..... 3 4 2 13 7 2 14 27 27 High school graduate . . 7 8 2 16 9 4 25 41 43 Some college ...... 15 18 5 28 19 7 43 56 58 College graduate ..... 21 28 10 44 28 11 58 67 65 Graduate school...... 28 45 14 50 37 14 70 73 69 - Represents or rounds to zero. Source: U.S. National Endowment for the Arts, 1997 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts, Research Division Report No. 39, December 1998.

756 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1237. Arts and Humanities—Selected Federal Aid Programs: 1980 to 1999

[In millions of dollars (188.1 represents $188,100,000), except as indicated. For fiscal years ending in year shown, see text, Section 8, State and Local Government Finances and Employment]

Type of fund and program 1980 1985 1990 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 National Endowment for the Arts: Funds available 1 ...... 188.1 171.7 170.8 158.1 152.1 86.9 98.4 85.3 85.0 Program appropriation ...... 97.0 118.7 124.3 116.3 109.0 63.5 65.8 64.3 66.0 Matching funds 2 ...... 42.9 29.5 32.4 29.4 28.5 17.2 16.8 16.8 14.5 Grants awarded (number)...... 5,505 4,801 4,475 3,843 3,685 1,751 1,098 1,459 1,675 Funds obligated 34 ...... 166.4 149.4 157.6 145.2 147.9 75.3 94.4 82.3 82.6 Partnership agreements ...... 22.1 24.4 26.1 40.7 39.2 25.9 30.0 33.4 33.8 Music...... 13.6 15.3 16.5 10.9 10.9 5.4 (X) (X) (X) Museums ...... 11.2 11.9 12.1 9.4 9.0 3.8 (X) (X) (X) Theater ...... 8.4 10.6 10.6 8.8 7.3 5.2 (X) (X) (X) Dance ...... 8.0 9.0 9.6 7.6 7.1 4.2 (X) (X) (X) arts ...... 8.4 9.9 13.9 10.9 8.9 3.0 (X) (X) (X) Challenge 5 ...... 50.8 20.7 19.7 9.6 21.1 4.0 (X) (X) (X) ...... 7.3 6.2 5.9 4.8 4.4 1.2 (X) (X) (X) Other...... 36.6 41.3 43.1 42.5 40.0 22.6 (X) (X) (X) National Endowment for the Humanities: Funds available 1 ...... 186.2 125.6 140.6 157.9 151.4 93.1 93.9 93.9 93.9 Program appropriation ...... 100.3 95.2 114.2 131.4 125.7 77.2 80.0 80.0 80.0 Matching funds 2 ...... 38.4 30.4 26.3 26.5 25.7 15.9 13.9 13.9 13.9 Grants awarded (number)...... 2,917 2,241 2,195 1,881 1,871 815 900 852 874 Funds obligated 3 ...... 185.5 125.7 141.0 159.0 151.8 93.4 94.8 92.7 92.1 Education programs ...... 18.3 17.9 16.3 19.6 19.2 13.5 10.5 10.8 10.3 Stateprograms...... 26.0 24.4 29.6 32.2 32.0 29.0 29.5 29.1 29.3 Research grants ...... 32.0 24.4 22.5 23.4 22.2 5.1 8.5 7.7 6.6 Fellowship program ...... 18.0 15.3 15.3 17.7 16.5 5.1 5.6 5.7 5.6 Challenge 5 ...... 53.5 19.6 14.6 14.4 13.8 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.9 Publicprograms...... 25.1 24.1 25.4 27.5 25.8 12.5 12.6 11.1 12.2 Preservation and access ...... (X) (X) 17.5 24.1 22.2 18.3 18.2 18.4 18.2 National Capital Arts and Cultural AffairsProgram...... (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) Other...... 12.6 (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) (X) X Not applicable. 1 Includes other funds, shown separately. Excludes administrative funds. Gifts are included in 1980; excluded thereafter. 2 Represents federal funds obligated only upon receipt or certification by Endowment of matching nonfederal gifts. 3 Includes obligations for new grants, supplemental on previous years’ grants, and program contracts. 4 Beginning with 1997 data, the grantmaking structure changed from discipline-based categories to thematic ones. 5 Program designed to stimulate new sources and higher levels of giving to institutions for the purpose of guaranteeing long-term stability and financial independence. Program usually requires a match of at least 3 private dollars to each federal dollar. Funds for challenge grants are not allocated by program area because they are awarded on a grant-by-grant basis. Source: U.S. National Endowment for the Arts, Annual Report; and U.S. National Endowment for the Humanities, Annual Report.

No. 1238. Participation in Various Leisure Activities: 1997

[In percent, except as indicated (195.6 represents 195,600,000). Covers activities engaged in at least once in the prior 12 months. See headnote, Table 1236. See also Table 1239]

Attendance at— Participation in— Adult Home Item popu- Amuse- improve- lation Sports ment Exercise Playing Charity ment/ Computer (mil.) Movies events park program sports work repair Total...... 195.6 66 41 57 76 45 43 66 40 Sex: Male ...... 94.2 66 49 58 75 56 40 71 44 Female ...... 101.4 65 34 57 77 35 46 61 37 Race: Hispanic ...... 19.1 59 35 66 69 35 31 61 25 White...... 146.1 68 44 56 78 48 45 70 43 AfricanAmerican...... 22.1 60 35 55 74 34 44 51 37 AmericanIndian...... 3.0 65 34 59 83 49 34 58 37 Asian...... 5.3 76 29 58 70 48 41 58 62 Age: 18 to 24 years old ..... 23.7 88 51 76 85 67 35 57 68 25 to 34 years old...... 40.1 79 51 70 82 63 41 63 51 35 to 44 years old...... 45.3 73 46 68 79 52 50 76 47 45 to 54 years old...... 33.7 65 42 53 77 40 46 75 40 55 to 64 years old...... 20.9 46 33 40 69 19 44 71 23 65 to 74 years old...... 19.6 38 21 29 65 23 40 55 11 75 years old and over .... 12.3 28 16 18 56 13 40 44 7 Education: Grade school .... 13.7 14 13 34 46 13 20 40 1 Some high school ...... 26.9 52 25 54 66 30 31 59 19 High school graduate..... 62.0 62 38 58 74 41 36 65 35 Some college ...... 50.3 78 48 64 81 54 50 71 52 College graduate ...... 25.2 82 59 61 87 61 55 76 63 Graduate school ...... 17.4 81 55 53 88 57 67 73 59 Income: $10,000 or less .... 15.0 37 15 39 55 19 32 42 19 $10,001 to $20,000 ...... 26.5 46 26 51 69 27 34 53 22 $20,001 to $30,000 ...... 29.4 56 28 55 72 40 37 61 30 $30,001 to $40,000 ...... 32.1 71 42 64 77 46 47 68 40 $40,001 to $50,000 ...... 25.9 73 51 67 80 51 42 75 47 $50,001 to $75,000 ...... 35.0 82 54 65 86 60 50 80 54 $75,001 to $100,000 ..... 16.2 81 66 64 86 61 51 79 64 Over $100,000 ...... 15.5 87 65 56 90 66 59 81 69 Source: U.S. National Endowment for the Arts, 1997 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts, Research Division Report No. 39, December 1998.

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 757

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1239. Participation in Various Arts Activities: 1997

[In percent. Covers activities engaged in at least once in the prior 12 months. See Table 1238 and headnote, Table 1236]

Playing Item classical Modern Pottery Photog- Creative Buying in music dancing 1 work 2 Weaving raphy 3 writing art work groups Total...... 1 13 16 15 28 17 12 35 10 Sex: Male...... 9 13 15 16 5 16 10 36 9 Female ...... 13 12 17 14 49 18 14 34 12 Race: Hispanic...... 7 14 17 11 17 12 8 33 7 White...... 12 12 15 16 30 17 12 36 8 AfricanAmerican...... 8 11 16 11 25 18 14 43 26 AmericanIndian...... 9 21 18 25 28 28 10 35 7 Asian...... 12 17 27 13 28 22 21 19 9 Age: 18 to 24 years old ..... 13 20 39 21 22 28 32 42 14 25 to 34 years old ..... 10 13 18 17 25 18 13 43 9 35 to 44 years old ..... 11 13 15 18 29 18 12 40 9 45 to 54 years old ..... 15 11 13 18 29 18 10 37 13 55 to 64 years old ..... 9 8 9 10 29 10 5 31 11 65 to 74 years old ..... 6 14 7 10 32 10 5 23 10 75 years old and over . . 6 9 4 3 28 5 6 8 7 Education: Grade school ...... 2 4 4 7 14 8 2 24 11 Some high school ..... 4 11 13 15 22 12 8 35 9 High school graduate . . . 8 12 15 16 28 13 9 31 9 Some college ...... 14 16 20 18 32 22 17 35 13 College graduate...... 18 10 18 13 32 23 14 41 9 Graduate school ...... 20 15 18 13 26 22 19 41 12 Income: $10,000 or less ...... 5 9 15 8 28 11 8 29 13 $10,001 to $20,000 .... 7 10 13 12 27 14 8 27 9 $20,001 to $30,000 .... 8 12 17 16 26 14 12 26 11 $30,001 to $40,000 .... 10 14 15 20 29 18 11 44 13 $40,001 to $50,000 .... 11 12 16 17 29 18 13 35 8 $50,001 to $75,000 .... 15 13 17 18 28 18 17 32 10 $70,001 to $100,000 . . . 15 18 18 17 24 23 13 41 11 Over $100,000 ...... 18 12 12 14 23 23 11 46 9 1 Dancing other than ballet (e.g. folk and tap). 2 Includes ceramics, jewelry, leatherwork, and metalwork. 3 Includes making movies or video as an artistic activity. Source: U.S. National Endowment for the Arts, 1997 Survey of Public Participation in the Arts, Research Division Report No. 39, December 1998.

No. 1240. Retail Sales and Household Participation in Lawn and Garden Activities: 1995 to 1999

[For calendar year (22,242 represents $22,242,000,000). Based on national household sample survey conducted by the Gallup Organization. Subject to sampling variability; see source]

Retail sales (mil. dol.) Percent households engaged in activity Activity 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Total...... 22,242 22,519 26,639 30,188 33,519 72 64 67 65 64 Lawn care...... 7,621 6,925 6,366 8,543 8,986 53 47 45 47 43 Indoor houseplants ...... 864 791 1,107 1,159 1,270 30 31 29 29 32 Flower gardening ...... 2,107 2,987 3,404 3,965 3,976 38 37 38 39 45 Insect control...... 1,049 1,734 1,342 1,671 1,214 24 24 21 22 23 Shrubcare...... 774 1,059 1,441 1,635 1,376 25 25 24 25 29 Vegetable gardening ...... 1,359 1,341 1,914 2,006 2,595 28 26 23 24 29 Treecare...... 1,002 1,362 1,892 1,733 1,732 17 20 18 18 20 Landscaping ...... 5,524 3,964 6,153 6,435 8,585 20 22 23 22 25 Flower bulbs ...... 377 521 573 579 657 21 21 21 21 23 Fruittrees...... 241 349 455 301 264 11 12 11 10 13

Container gardening ...... 377 387 558 783 1,020 12 10 11 11 15 Raising transplants 1...... 187 238 383 160 302 887712 Herb gardening ...... 140 144 168 146 185 898711 Growing berries ...... 55 90 60 82 87 5555 7 Ornamental gardening...... 144 158 251 333 464 5565 6 Water gardening ...... 421 469 572 659 806 5454 7 1 Starting plants in advance of planting in ground. Source: The National Gardening Association, Burlington, VT, National Gardening Survey, annual (copyright).

758 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1241. Selected Spectator Sports: 1985 to 1999

[47,742 represents 47,742,000]

Sport Unit 1985 1987 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Baseball, major leagues: 1 Attendance ...... 1,000.... 47,742 53,182 55,512 51,288 61,665 64,921 71,930 71,061 Regular season ...... 1,000.... 46,824 52,011 54,824 50,469 60,097 63,168 70,372 70,139 National League ...... 1,000.... 22,292 24,734 24,492 25,110 30,379 31,885 38,424 38,323 American League ..... 1,000.... 24,532 27,277 30,332 25,359 29,718 31,283 31,948 31,817 Playoffs 2 ...... 1,000.... 591 784 479 533 1,300 1,349 1,314 706 WorldSeries...... 1,000.... 327 387 209 286 268 404 243 216 Players’ salaries: 3 Average...... $1,000... 371 412 598 1,111 1,120 1,337 1,399 1,607 Basketball: 45 NCAA—Men’s college: Teams ...... Number . . 753 760 767 868 866 865 895 932 Attendance ...... 1,000.... 26,584 26,798 28,741 28,548 28,225 27,738 28,032 29,025 NCAA—Women’s college: Teams ...... Number . . 746 756 782 864 874 879 911 956 Attendance ...... 1,000.... 2,072 2,156 2,777 4,962 5,234 6,734 7,387 8,698 Pro: 6 Teams ...... Number . . 23 23 27 27 29 29 29 (NA) Attendance, total 7 ...... 1,000.... 11,534 13,190 18,586 19,883 21,833 21,677 21,801 (NA) Regular season ...... 1,000.... 10,506 12,065 17,369 18,516 20,513 20,305 20,373 (NA) Average per . . . Number . . 11,141 12,795 15,690 16,727 17,252 17,077 17,135 (NA) Players’ salaries: Average...... $1,000... 325 440 750 1,900 2,000 2,200 2,600 (NA) Football: NCAA College: 5 Teams ...... Number . . 509 507 533 565 566 581 595 601 Attendance ...... 1,000.... 34,952 35,008 35,330 35,638 36,083 36,858 37,491 39,483 National Football League: 8 Teams ...... Number . . 28 28 28 30 31 31 31 32 Attendance, total 9 ...... 1,000.... 14,058 1015,180 17,666 19,203 (NA) 19,050 19,742 20,763 Regular season ...... 1,000.... 13,345 1011,406 13,960 15,044 14,612 14,967 15,365 16,207 Average per game . . . Number . . 59,567 1054,315 62,321 62,682 60,885 62,364 64,020 65,349 Postseason games 11 .. 1,000.... 711 656 848 (NA) (NA) (NA) 823 794 Players’ salaries: 12 Average...... $1,000... 194 203 352 714 791 725 1,138 1,081 Median base salary ..... $1,000... 140 175 236 335 350 340 450 460 National Hockey League: 13 Regular season attendance . . 1,000.... 11,634 11,856 12,580 9,234 17,042 17,641 17,265 17,995 Playoffs attendance ...... 1,000.... 1,108 1,384 1,356 1,329 1,540 1,495 1,507 (NA) Horseracing: 14 15 days ...... Number . . 13,745 14,208 13,841 13,243 12,457 11,958 11,380 11,398 Attendance ...... 1,000.... 73,346 70,105 63,803 38,934 43,367 41,846 37,728 (NA) Parimutuel turnover ...... Mil.dol... 12,222 13,122 7,162 14,592 14,902 15,220 15,561 15,828 Revenue to government .... Mil.dol... 625 608 624 456 444 422 432 392 Greyhound: 14 Total performances...... Number . . 9,590 11,156 14,915 16,110 15,151 14,557 14,943 14,455 Attendance ...... 1,000.... 23,853 26,215 28,660 (NA) (NA) 14,306 (NA) (NA) Parimutuel turnover ...... Mil.dol... 2,702 3,193 3,422 2,730 2,433 2,291 2,237 2,130 Revenue to government .... Mil.dol... 201 221 235 157 139 114 109 101 Jai alai: 14 Total performances...... Number . . 2,736 2,906 3,620 2,748 2,542 2,648 2,600 2,119 Games played...... Number . . 32,260 38,476 (NA) 37,052 34,346 (NA) 37,175 28,706 Attendance ...... 1,000.... 4,722 6,816 5,329 3,208 (NA) 2,125 (NA) (NA) Total handle ...... Mil.dol... 664.0 707.5 545.5 296.4 273.4 251 153 119 Revenue to government .... Mil.dol... 50 51 39 13 12 10 9 5 Professional rodeo: 16 Rodeos ...... Number . . 617 637 754 739 742 729 703 700 Performances ...... Number . . 1,887 1,832 2,159 2,217 2,229 2,213 2,125 2,128 Members ...... Number . . 5,239 5,342 5,693 6,894 7,084 7,178 7,301 7,403 Permit-holders (rookies) .... Number . . 2,534 2,746 3,290 3,835 4,141 4,197 4,117 3,511 Total prize money...... Mil.dol... 15.1 14.9 18.2 24.5 26.4 28.0 29.9 31.1 NA Not available. 1 Source: The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs, New York, NY, National League Green Book; and The American League of Professional Baseball Clubs, New York, NY, American League Red Book. 2 Beginning 1996, two rounds of playoffs were played. Prior years had one round. 3 Source: Major League Baseball Players Association, New York, NY. 4 Season ending in year shown. 5 Source: National Collegiate Athletic Assn., Overland Park, KS. For women’s attendance total, excludes double-headers with men’s teams. 6 Source: National Basketball Assn., New York, NY. For season ending in year shown. 7 Includes All-Star game, not shown separately. 8 Source: National Football League, New York, NY. 9 Beginning 1987 includes preseason attendance, not shown separately. 10 Season was interrupted by a strike. 11 Includes Pro Bowl, a nonchampionship game and Super Bowl. 12 Source: National Football League Players Association, Washington, DC. 13 For season ending in year shown. Source: National Hockey League, Montreal, Quebec. 14 Source: Association of Racing Commissioners International, Inc., Lexington, KY. 15 Includes thoroughbred, harness, quarter horse, and fairs. 16 Source: Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association, Colorado Springs, CO., Official Professional Rodeo Media Guide, annual (copyright). Source: Compiled from sources listed in footnotes.

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 759

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1242. Adult Attendance at Sports Events: 1999

[In thousands (3,595 represents 3,595,000), except percent. For spring 1998. Based on survey and subject to sampling error; see source]

Attend one or Attend less Attend one or Attend less more times a than once a more times a than once a Event month month Event month month Num- Per- Num- Per- Num- Per- Num- Per- ber cent ber cent ber cent ber cent Autoracing...... 3,595 1.8 9,272 4.7 Golf...... 1,845 0.9 4,711 2.4 Baseball ...... 11,004 5.620,022 10.1 High school sports ...... 11,347 5.7 7,414 3.8 Basketball: : College games ...... 3,861 2.0 7,314 3.7 Flats, runners ...... 1,296 0.7 3,633 1.8 Professional games ..... 3,350 1.7 8,321 4.2 Trotters/harness...... 515 0.3 2,834 1.4 Bowling...... 2,251 1.1 3,026 1.5 ...... 2,752 1.4 7,647 3.9 Boxing...... 1,203 0.6 2,781 1.4 Motorcycle racing ...... 1,113 0.6 3,127 1.6 Equestrian events ...... 790 0.4 3,147 1.6 Pro beach volleyball...... 1210 0.1 2,238 1.1 Figureskating...... 652 0.3 3,498 1.8 Rodeo ...... 1,373 0.7 4,539 2.3 Fishing ...... 1,253 0.6 2,933 1.5 Soccer...... 3,548 1.8 4,323 2.2 Football: Tennis ...... 870 0.4 3,219 1.6 College games ...... 4,975 2.5 7,861 4.0 Truck and tractor pull/ Monday night prof. games . 2,198 1.1 3,800 1.9 racing...... 931 0.5 3,723 1.9 Weekend prof. games .... 3,782 1.9 7,748 3.9 Wrestling—professional .... 1,563 0.8 4,122 2.1

1 Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision. Source: Mediamark Research, Inc., New York, NY Top-line Reports (copyright). Internet site (accessed 02 July 2001).

No. 1243. Adult Participation in Selected Leisure Activities by Frequency: 1999

[In thousands (15,430 represents 15,430,000), except percent. For spring 1999. Based on sample and subject to sampling error; see source]

Participated in Frequency of participation the last 12 Twoormore Twotothree Once a month Activity months times a week Once a week times a month or less Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Attend auto shows ...... 15,430 7.8 1195 0.1 1290 0.1 1355 0.2 9,213 4.7 Adult education courses .... 15,411 7.8 3,137 1.6 3,071 1.6 524 0.3 5,771 2.9 Attend horse races ...... 6,158 3.1 1309 0.2 1201 0.1 1238 0.1 3,915 2.0 Attend music performances . . 45,922 23.3 471 0.2 779 0.4 2,052 1.0 32,766 16.6 Attend dance performances . . 11,406 5.8 1136 0.1 1325 0.2 508 0.3 7,361 3.7 ...... 5,805 2.9 409 0.2 355 0.2 727 0.4 3,054 1.5 Baking ...... 43,111 21.8 9,073 4.6 7,292 3.7 8,676 4.4 12,400 6.2 Barbecuing ...... 66,182 33.5 10,965 5.6 11,375 5.8 15,664 7.9 18,061 9.2 Gotobars/...... 39,314 19.9 3,439 1.7 5,110 2.6 6,388 3.2 17,867 9.0 Go to beach ...... 52,781 26.7 3,292 1.7 2,725 1.4 5,273 2.7 29,757 15.0 Billiards/pool ...... 21,743 11.0 1,730 0.9 1,645 0.8 2,432 1.2 11,376 5.7 Birdwatching ...... 10,419 5.3 4,872 2.5 961 0.5 933 0.5 2,000 1.0 Board games...... 26,934 13.6 1,945 1.0 2,275 1.2 4,697 2.4 13,971 7.0 ...... 7,598 3.8 619 0.3 498 0.3 819 0.4 3,822 1.9 Cooking for fun ...... 40,936 20.7 13,933 7.1 6,856 3.5 6,608 3.3 7,320 3.7 Concerts on radio...... 11,908 6.0 2,134 1.1 1,420 0.7 1,356 0.7 3,763 1.9 Crossword puzzles ...... 31,949 16.2 14,868 7.5 4,265 2.2 3,297 1.7 5,094 2.6 Dance/go dancing ...... 23,634 12.0 1,458 0.7 2,660 1.3 3,444 1.7 11,382 5.7 Diningout...... 99,437 50.4 19,324 9.8 23,479 11.9 24,586 12.5 20,930 10.6 Electronic games (not TV) . . . 17,809 9.0 5,265 2.7 2,499 1.3 2,509 1.3 4,374 2.2 Entertain friends or relatives at home ...... 87,636 44.4 7,703 3.9 11,338 5.7 19,905 10.1 36,554 18.5 Flykites...... 6,912 3.5 199 - 1119 0.1 1121 0.1 4,707 2.4 Furniturerefinishing...... 9,304 4.7 1386 0.2 1235 0.1 383 0.2 6,355 3.2 Go to live theater ...... 30,688 15.5 1194 0.1 565 0.3 1,353 0.7 22,686 11.4 Model making ...... 4,055 2.1 1329 0.2 1160 0.1 1360 0.2 2,206 1.1 Go to museums ...... 31,456 15.9 1129 0.1 1236 0.1 825 0.4 23,808 12.1 ,drawing...... 12,895 6.5 2,498 1.3 1,300 0.7 1,737 0.9 4,738 2.4 Photography ...... 23,161 11.7 1,823 0.9 2,381 1.2 5,060 2.6 10,112 5.1 Picnic...... 31,585 16.0 1389 0.2 515 0.3 2,410 1.2 20,373 10.3 Playbingo...... 11,349 5.7 1,002 0.5 1,551 0.8 1,077 0.5 4,756 2.5 Playcards...... 54,091 27.4 6,765 3.4 5,318 2.7 7,707 3.9 24,525 12.4 Play ..... 15,003 7.6 5,929 3.0 1,751 0.9 1,403 0.7 3,714 1.9 Reading books ...... 79,218 40.1 43,919 22.2 7,575 3.8 6,861 3.5 11,071 5.6 Surfthenet...... 35,347 17.9 18,351 9.3 5,038 2.6 3,687 1.9 5,071 2.5 Word games ...... 16,101 8.2 5,502 2.8 1,517 0.8 1,835 0.9 4,376 2.2 Trivia games ...... 13,384 6.8 1,713 0.9 1,113 0.6 1,563 0.8 6,196 3.2 Video games ...... 24,396 12.4 7,802 4.0 2,414 1.2 3,330 1.7 6,196 3.1 Woodworking...... 10,779 5.5 2,154 1.1 1,012 0.5 1,824 0.9 3,858 2.0 Zoo attendance ...... 26,981 13.7 1286 0.1 164 (Z) 553 0.3 19,789 10.0 - Represents zero. Z Less than 0.05 percent. 1 Figure does not meet standards of reliability or precision. Source: Mediamark Research, Inc., New York, NY, Top-line Reports (copyright). Internet site (accessed 02 July 2001).

760 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1244. Selected Recreational Activities: 1975 to 1999

[26 represents 26,000,000]

Activity Unit 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1997 1998 1999 Softball, amateur: 1 Total participants 2 ...... Million . . . 26 30 41 41 42 41 40 40 Youth participants ...... 1,000.... 450 650 712 1,100 1,350 1,440 1,400 1,400 Adult teams 3 ...... 1,000.... 66 110 152 188 187 178 166 163 Youth teams 3 ...... 1,000.... 9 18 31 46 74 80 81 83 Golfers (one round or more) 45. 1,000.... 13,036 15,112 17,520 27,800 25,000 26,474 26,427 26,446 Golf rounds played 45...... 1,000.... 308,562 357,701 414,777 502,000 490,200 547,200 528,500 564,100 Golf facilities 4 ...... Number . . 11,370 12,005 12,346 12,846 14,074 14,602 14,900 15,195 Classification: Private...... Number . . 4,770 4,839 4,861 4,810 4,324 4,257 4,251 4,285 Dailyfee...... Number . . 5,014 5,372 5,573 6,024 7,491 7,984 8,247 8,470 Municipal ...... Number . . 1,586 1,794 1,912 2,012 2,259 2,361 2,402 2,440 Tennis: 6 Players ...... 1,000.... 734,000 (NA) 13,000 21,000 17,820 19,500 (NA) 20,800 Courts...... 1,000.... 130 (NA) 220 220 240 245 (NA) (NA) Indoor ...... 1,000.... 8 (NA) 14 14 15 15 (NA) (NA) Tenpin bowling: 8 Participants, total ...... Million . . . 62.5 72.0 67.0 71.0 79.0 91.0 91.0 91.0 Male...... Million . . . 29.9 34.0 32.0 35.4 36.3 41.8 41.8 41.8 Female ...... Million . . . 32.6 38.0 35.0 35.6 42.6 49.2 49.2 49.2 Establishments ...... Number . . 8,577 8,591 8,275 7,611 7,049 6,688 6,398 6,398 Lanes ...... 1,000.... 141 154 155 148 139 133 128 128 Membership, total 9 ...... 1,000.... 8,751 9,664 8,064 6,588 4,925 4,405 3,934 3,934 American Bowling Congress ...... 1,000.... 4,300 4,688 3,657 3,036 2,370 2,135 1,937 1,937 Women’s Bowling Congress ...... 1,000.... 3,692 4,187 3,714 2,859 2,036 1,798 1,566 1,566 Young American Bowling Alliance 10 ...... 1,000.... 759 789 693 693 519 472 431 431 Motion picture screens 11 ..... 1,000.... 15 18 21 24 28 32 34 37 Indoor ...... 1,000.... 11 14 18 23 27 31 33 36 Drive-in...... 1,000.... 4 4 3 1 1 1 1 1 Receipts, box office ...... Mil.dol... 2,115 2,749 3,749 5,022 5,494 6,366 6,949 7,448 Admission, average price . . . Dollars. . . 2.05 2.69 3.55 4.23 4.35 4.59 4.69 5.08 Attendance ...... Million . . . 1,033 1,022 1,056 1,189 1,263 1,388 1,481 1,465 Boating: 12 Recreational boats owned . . . 1,000.... (NA) 11,832 13,778 15,987 15,375 16,230 16,657 16,773 Retail expenditures on boating 13 ...... Mil.dol... 4,800 7,370 13,284 13,731 17,226 19,344 19,001 22,215 Retail units purchased: Total all boats 14 ...... 1,000.... (NA) 643 675 525 664 610 576 585 Outboard boats...... 1,000.... (NA) 290 305 227 231 200 214 230 Inboard boats ...... 1,000.... (NA) 8 17 15 12 12 18 19 Sterndrive boats ...... 1,000.... (NA) 56 115 97 94 92 78 80 Jet boats ...... 1,000.... (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 15 12 10 8 Personal watercraft .... 1,000.... (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) 200 176 130 106 Sailboats ...... 1,000.... (NA) 73 38 21 14 14 19 21 ...... 1,000.... (NA) 105 79 75 98 104 108 121 Inflatable boats ...... 1,000.... (NA) 16 34 27 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Sailboard ...... 1,000.... (NA) 21 50 42 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA) Boat trailers...... 1,000.... (NA) 176 192 165 207 181 174 168 Outboard motors ...... 1,000.... (NA) 315 392 352 317 302 314 332 Sterndrive and inboard engines ...... 1,000.... (NA) 88 155 134 120 116 105 109 NA Not available. 1 Source: Amateur Softball Association, Oklahoma , OK. 2 Amateur Softball Association teams and other amateur softball teams. 3 Amateur Softball Association teams only. 4 Source: National Golf Foundation, Jupiter, FL. 5 Prior to 1990, for persons 5 years of age and over; thereafter for persons 12 years of age and over. 6 Source: Tennis Industry Association, Hilton Head, SC. Players for persons 12 years old and over who played at least once. 7 1974 data. 8 For season ending in year shown. Persons 5 years old and over. Source: Bowling Headquarters, Greendale, WI. 9 Membership totals are for U.S., Canada and for U.S. military personnel worldwide. 10 Prior to 1985, represents American Jr. Bowling Congress and ABC/WIBC Collegiate Division. 11 Source: Motion Picture Association of America, Inc., Encino, CA. 1970 figures represent theaters. 12 Source: National Marine Manufacturers Association, Chicago, IL. (copyright). 13 Represents estimated expenditures for new and used boats, motors and engines, accessories, safety equipment, fuel, insurance, docking, maintenance, launching, storage, repairs, and other expenses. 14 1980 through 1990 includes other boats, not shown separately. Source: Compiled from sources listed in footnotes.

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 761

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 6 rs netimn,adRecreation and Entertainment, Arts, 762 No. 1245. Participation in Selected Sports Activities: 1999

[In thousands (245,283 represents 245,283,000), except rank. For persons 7 years of age or older. Except as indicated, a participant plays a sport more than once in the year]

All persons Sex Age Household income (dol.) 65 Activity years 75,000 7-11 12-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 and Under 15,000- 25,000- 35,000- 50,000- and Number Rank Male Female years years years years years years years over 15,000 24,999 34,999 49,000 74,999 over SERIES I SPORTS 1

Total...... 245,283 (X) 119,213 126,069 20,184 23,443 25,708 37,857 44,662 35,706 23,333 34,389 34,765 30,683 35,217 45,327 50,448 48,842 Number participated in— Aerobic exercising 2 ...... 26,244 12 6,680 19,564 1,434 2,009 4,370 6,583 5,226 3,390 1,420 1,811 2,145 2,238 4,024 4,620 5,835 7,381 Backpacking 3...... 15,293 16 9,296 5,997 1,576 2,396 2,699 3,835 3,136 1,128 335 189 1,850 1,885 2,652 3,152 3,068 2,687 Badminton ...... 4,938 28 2,355 2,583 721 1,240 554 701 1,019 424 182 96 510 427 634 1,295 1,104 969 Baseball ...... 16,326 15 12,798 3,527 4,865 4,068 2,241 1,927 2,003 702 250 269 995 1,473 2,425 3,409 4,268 3,756 Basketball ...... 29,611 9 20,991 8,620 6,021 7,963 5,073 4,833 3,800 1,468 313 141 2,707 3,056 4,463 6,099 6,605 6,681

Bicycle riding 2 ...... 42,406 5 23,556 18,851 10,219 7,870 3,475 6,138 7,398 4,061 1,817 1,427 4,179 4,118 5,605 8,230 10,044 10,231 Billiards ...... 32,148 8 20,169 11,979 1,696 3,120 7,988 8,298 6,293 3,248 917 589 3,835 3,554 4,765 6,317 6,786 6,891 Bowling...... 41,635 6 21,287 20,348 5,002 6,220 6,859 7,984 8,012 4,175 1,299 2,085 4,043 3,914 5,941 8,195 9,623 9,920 Calisthenics 2 ...... 12,572 20 5,989 6,583 1,792 1,994 1,699 2,045 2,375 1,309 535 825 973 1,282 1,537 2,313 2,843 3,625 Camping 4 ...... 50,094 3 26,815 23,278 6,752 6,355 5,973 9,685 11,075 5,752 2,723 1,778 4,807 5,330 7,553 9,881 12,089 10,434 ..Cnu ueu ttsia btato h ntdSae:2001 States: United the of Abstract Statistical Bureau, Census U.S. Exercise walking 2 ...... 80,798 1 30,749 50,049 3,748 4,223 7,467 13,911 16,121 13,780 8,800 12,748 10,067 9,957 11,433 13,601 17,016 18,724 Exercising with equipment 2 . 45,207 4 22,123 23,084 1,184 4,040 6,862 9,252 9,929 6,851 3,475 3,612 3,869 4,001 6,221 7,558 10,727 12,831 Fishing—freshwater...... 40,766 7 27,905 12,861 4,652 4,864 4,122 6,762 8,818 5,333 3,432 2,783 5,347 4,874 6,109 8,642 8,901 6,893 Fishing—salt water ...... 11,910 21 8,416 3,495 849 1,336 1,185 2,049 2,612 1,897 1,019 964 1,231 1,334 1,576 2,237 2,699 2,833 Football—tackle ...... 8,695 25 7,983 712 1,527 3,452 1,807 899 584 232 100 95 1,007 1,135 1,339 1,812 1,867 1,534

Football—touch...... 11,138 23 9,146 1,992 2,425 2,906 2,371 1,996 1,040 284 46 70 1,170 1,208 1,659 2,262 2,619 2,219 Golf...... 27,005 11 21,358 5,647 1,055 2,592 3,113 5,280 5,408 4,313 2,520 2,725 1,283 1,771 3,033 4,680 6,902 9,336 Hiking...... 28,084 10 15,287 12,797 2,788 2,935 3,892 5,895 6,613 3,380 1,498 1,083 2,900 3,121 3,187 5,158 6,140 7,577 Huntingwithfirearms...... 16,647 14 14,756 1,891 788 1,890 1,763 3,590 4,038 2,190 1,307 1,082 1,953 2,139 2,671 3,558 3,874 2,452 ...... 5,100 27 3,054 2,046 1,318 920 1,001 748 687 263 79 86 480 537 649 800 1,500 1,134

Racquetball ...... 3,187 29 2,242 945 157 236 707 1,058 650 232 84 63 275 335 391 553 703 931 Running/jogging 2 ...... 22,366 13 12,256 10,110 1,933 3,595 4,438 4,694 4,458 2,077 701 467 2,129 2,118 2,593 4,065 5,234 6,227 Soccer ...... 13,218 18 8,375 4,843 5,671 3,299 1,373 1,445 921 386 79 43 802 1,057 1,948 2,365 3,235 3,812 Softball...... 14,711 17 7,827 6,884 2,485 3,205 2,276 3,163 2,428 834 173 147 1,016 1,781 2,354 2,992 3,425 3,144 Swimming 2 ...... 57,916 2 27,091 30,825 10,269 9,394 6,788 8,299 11,027 5,620 2,752 3,765 4,908 5,276 7,499 10,529 14,244 15,458 Table tennis ...... 8,175 26 5,224 2,950 888 1,822 1,503 1,045 1,500 877 281 259 594 495 1,008 1,663 1,844 2,572 Target shooting ...... 12,972 19 10,649 2,324 1,236 1,602 1,809 2,826 2,668 1,572 746 512 1,399 1,698 1,700 2,722 3,026 2,426 Tennis ...... 10,921 24 5,887 5,034 1,142 2,167 2,021 2,061 1,719 1,082 463 267 859 767 1,226 1,644 2,858 3,567 Volleyball ...... 11,717 22 5,337 6,380 1,074 3,253 2,190 2,444 1,821 665 217 52 987 1,093 1,761 2,395 2,870 2,610 ..Cnu ueu ttsia btato h ntdSae:2001 States: United the of Abstract Statistical Bureau, Census U.S.

All persons Sex Age Household income (dol.) 65 Activity years 75,000 Num- 7-11 12-17 18-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 and Under 15,000- 25,000- 35,000- 50,000- and ber Rank Male Female years years years years years years years over 15,000 24,999 34,999 49,999 74,999 over SERIES II SPORTS 5

Total...... 245,409 (X) 119,265 126,145 20,184 23,443 25,708 37,876 44,662 35,718 23,378 34,441 34,313 31,006 33,622 44,995 50,048 51,426 Number participating in— (target)...... 4,895 16 3,892 1,003 966 839 651 904 816 423 153 143 478 541 762 1,012 1,050 1,051 Boating, motor/power ...... 24,444 1 13,765 10,679 2,242 2,707 2,792 5,198 5,428 3,306 1,523 1,248 1,819 2,198 3,453 4,752 5,131 7,090 Canoeing ...... 7,339 10 4,243 3,097 908 1,226 882 1,273 1,486 904 405 255 650 697 611 1,355 1,910 2,116 Dartthrowing...... 20,229 4 12,296 7,932 2,071 2,206 3,606 5,819 4,275 1,542 480 230 2,813 2,736 3,300 4,125 3,765 3,490 Huntingwithbowarrow.... 6,024 15 5,448 576 216 473 938 1,555 1,560 845 249 188 887 1,011 954 1,112 1,132 929 Ice hockey ...... 1,880 22 1,415 465 309 367 433 336 322 54 16 42 83 131 134 233 531 767 Ice/figureskating...... 7,679 8 3,152 4,527 2,293 1,765 703 1,170 1,162 409 125 51 676 417 663 1,122 1,735 3,067 Mountain biking—off road . . . 6,782 12 4,692 2,091 782 1,047 1,082 1,854 1,207 522 184 103 847 511 980 1,329 1,406 1,709 Mountain biking—on road . . . 15,146 5 8,758 6,389 1,941 2,098 2,262 3,777 3,099 1,324 372 273 1,860 1,081 1,777 2,644 3,827 3,956 Roller hockey ...... 2,514 19 2,035 479 794 800 333 251 268 61 7 - 90 177 290 453 746 758

Roller skating/in-line wheels . 24,071 3 11,881 12,190 8,924 6,532 2,403 2,967 2,264 579 215 187 2,020 1,822 3,188 4,334 6,076 6,632 /traditional 2x2 wheel ...... 8,237 7 3,075 5,162 2,803 2,191 765 1,220 967 202 89 - 1,153 998 1,214 1,712 1,618 1,541 Sailing...... 2,750 18 1,586 1,164 232 345 115 342 401 663 375 279 149 148 246 293 682 1,231 Scuba (open water) ...... 2,321 20 1,526 795 35 169 339 858 399 347 109 64 146 225 138 395 547 869 rs netimn,adRceto 763 Recreation and Entertainment, Arts, Skate boarding ...... 6,957 11 5,715 1,242 2,804 2,821 613 353 195 76 14 81 776 638 982 1,406 1,380 1,775

Skiing—alpine...... 7,411 9 4,495 2,916 586 1,113 1,344 1,583 1,439 905 266 174 322 376 613 969 1,882 3,249 Skiing—cross country...... 2,234 21 1,081 1,153 176 142 374 348 425 464 218 86 240 106 208 424 558 699 ...... 6,330 14 3,385 2,945 424 753 786 1,453 1,476 906 378 153 340 335 333 806 1,238 3,277 Snowboarding...... 3,313 17 2,460 853 703 1,160 636 397 278 78 31 30 185 167 291 546 676 1,447 Stepaerobics...... 8,247 6 924 7,323 178 430 1,358 2,519 1,869 1,014 468 411 904 747 923 1,572 1,958 2,143 Waterskiing...... 6,575 13 3,793 2,782 561 1,342 1,232 1,485 1,313 458 134 50 412 572 569 1,000 1,531 2,491 Wind ...... 491 23 269 223 32 52 16 126 46 121 26 72 69 92 47 79 92 111 Work-outatclub...... 24,071 2 11,175 12,896 292 1,279 4,240 6,451 5,270 3,320 1,496 1,724 1,895 1,939 2,365 3,660 5,272 8,940 - Represents or rounds to zero. X Not applicable. 1 Based on a sampling of 15,000 households. 2 Participant engaged in activity at least six times in the year. 3 Includes camping. 4 Vacation/overnight. 5 Based on a sampling of 20,000 households. Source: National Sporting Goods Association, Mt. Prospect, IL, Sports Participation in 1999: Series I and Series II (copyright). No. 1246. High School Students Engaged in Organized Physical Activity: 1999

[In percent. For students in grades 9 to 12. Based on the Youth Risk Behavior Survey, a school-based survey and subject to sampling error; for details see source]

Enrolled in class Characteristic Exercised 20 minutes or Played on a Total Attended daily more per class sports team All students...... 56.1 29.1 76.3 55.1 Male...... 60.7 31.9 82.1 61.7 Grade9 ...... 82.3 44.0 84.4 63.9 Grade10...... 65.3 32.8 79.4 62.3 Grade11...... 44.6 23.5 82.0 58.8 Grade12...... 43.8 23.6 82.3 60.7 Female...... 51.5 26.3 69.6 48.5 Grade9 ...... 75.6 40.3 72.5 53.4 Grade10...... 56.6 27.9 70.2 50.9 Grade11...... 36.8 16.6 68.0 45.8 Grade12...... 29.4 16.6 60.1 42.3 White, non-Hispanic ...... 56.1 28.3 78.7 56.9 Male...... 60.2 30.8 83.8 63.0 Female ...... 51.7 25.8 72.4 50.5 Black, non-Hispanic ...... 52.9 29.2 67.8 48.7 Male...... 59.2 33.1 78.4 62.0 Female ...... 47.1 25.5 55.8 36.3 Hispanic ...... 59.3 40.4 75.5 50.8 Male...... 65.1 44.6 79.6 57.2 Female ...... 53.6 36.2 70.8 44.5 Source: U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance—United States, 1999, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Vol. 49, No. SS-5, June 9, 2000.

No. 1247. Participation in High School Athletic Programs: 1971 to 2000

[Data based on number of state associations reporting and may underrepresent the number of schools with and participants in athletic programs]

1 Most popular sports, Participants 2 Year Sex and sport 1999-2000 Males Females Schools Participants 1971 ...... 3,666,917 294,105 MALES 1972-73 ...... 3,770,621 817,073 1973-74 ...... 4,070,125 1,300,169 Football (11-player) ...... 13,313 1,002,734 1975-76 ...... 4,109,021 1,645,039 Basketball ...... 16,852 541,130 1977-78 ...... 4,367,442 2,083,040 Track & field (outdoor) ...... 14,664 480,791 1978-79 ...... 3,709,512 1,854,400 Baseball ...... 14,610 451,701 1979-80 ...... 3,517,829 1,750,264 Soccer ...... 9,330 330,044 1980-81 ...... 3,503,124 1,853,789 Wrestling ...... 9,046 239,105 1981-82 ...... 3,409,081 1,810,671 Cross country ...... 11,891 183,139 1982-83 ...... 3,355,558 1,779,972 Golf ...... 12,391 165,857 1983-84 ...... 3,303,599 1,747,346 Tennis ...... 9,603 139,507 1984-85 ...... 3,354,284 1,757,884 Swimming & diving ...... 5,324 86,640 1985-86 ...... 3,344,275 1,807,121 FEMALE 1986-87 ...... 3,364,082 1,836,356 1987-88 ...... 3,425,777 1,849,684 Basketball ...... 16,526 451,600 1988-89 ...... 3,416,844 1,839,352 Track & field (outdoor) ...... 14,587 405,305 1989-90 ...... 3,398,192 1,858,659 Volleyball ...... 13,426 382,755 1990-91 ...... 3,406,355 1,892,316 Softball (fast pitch)...... 13,009 343,001 1991-92 ...... 3,429,853 1,940,801 Soccer ...... 8,218 270,273 1992-93 ...... 3,416,389 1,997,489 Tennis ...... 9,468 159,740 1993-94 ...... 3,472,967 2,130,315 Cross country ...... 11,277 154,021 1994-95 ...... 3,536,359 2,240,461 Swimming & diving ...... 5,536 138,475 1995-96 ...... 3,634,052 2,367,936 Competitive spirit squads ...... 3,497 64,319 1996-97 ...... 3,706,225 2,474,043 Golf ...... 7,090 54,720 1997-98 ...... 3,763,120 2,570,333 1998-99 ...... 3,832,352 2,652,726 1999-00 ...... 3,861,749 2,675,874 1 A participant is counted in the number of sports participated in. 2 Ten most popular sports for each sex in terms of number of participants. Source: National Federation of State High School Associations, Indianapolis, IN, The 1999-2000 High School Athletics Participation Survey (copyright).

764 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1248. Participation in NCAA Sports: 1998-99

Males Females Sport Average Average Teams Athletes squad Teams Athletes squad Total 1 ...... 8,004 211,273 (X) 8,374 148,803 (X) Baseball...... 844 25,669 30.4 (X) (X) (X) Basketball ...... 980 15,710 16.0 1,001 14,365 14.4 Bowling 2 ...... 10 142 14.2 5 20 4.0 Cross country ...... 827 10,935 13.2 891 12,042 13.5 Equestrian 2 ...... 33 371 11.3 41 633 15.4 3 ...... 37 646 17.5 45 594 13.2 Field hockey ...... (X) (X) (X) 240 5,472 22.8 Football ...... 605 56,528 93.4 (X) (X) (X) Golf...... 716 7,695 10.8 364 2,933 8.1 Gymnastics...... 26 375 14.4 90 1,490 16.6 Ice hockey 4 ...... 131 3,702 28.3 40 900 22.5 Lacrosse ...... 197 6,193 31.4 213 4,749 22.3 Rifle 3 ...... 41 343 8.4 44 184 4.2 Rowing 5 ...... 70 2,444 34.9 122 5,628 46.1 Sailing 2 ...... 22 288 13.1 (X) (X) (X) Skiing 3 ...... 40 574 14.4 44 535 12.2 Soccer...... 717 18,238 25.4 790 17,520 22.2 Softball...... (X) (X) (X) 831 14,943 18.0 Squash 2 ...... 21 347 16.5 27 365 13.5 Swimming/diving...... 381 7,559 19.8 458 10,012 21.9 Synchronized swimming 4 . (X) (X) (X) 7 108 15.4 Tennis ...... 769 7,729 10.1 877 8,492 9.7 Track, indoor...... 526 16,943 32.2 560 15,460 27.6 Track, outdoor...... 637 20,401 32.0 671 18,220 27.2 Volleyball ...... 79 1,124 14.2 960 13,194 13.7 Water polo 4 ...... 43 907 21.1 37 746 20.2 Wrestling ...... 242 6,321 26.1 (X) (X) (X) X Not applicable. 1 Includes other sports, not shown separately. 2 Sport recognized by the NCAA but does not have an NCAA championship. 3 Co-ed championship sport. 4 Sport recognized by the NCAA but does not have an NCAA championship for women. 5 Sport recognized by the NCAA but does not have an NCAA championship for men. Source: The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA), Indianapolis, IN, 1998-99 Participation Study. No. 1249. Participants in Wildlife Related Recreation Activities: 1996 [In thousands (39,694 represents 39,694,000). For persons 16 years old and over engaging in activity at least once in 1996. Based on survey and subject to sampling error; see source for details]

Days of Days of Participant Number participation Trips Participant Number participation Total sportsmen 1 .... 39,694 882,569 729,495 Wildlife watchers 1 ..... 62,868 (X) Total anglers ...... 35,246 625,893 506,557 Nonresidential 2 ...... 23,652 313,790 Freshwater ...... 29,734 515,115 420,010 Observe wildlife .... 22,878 278,683 Excluding Great Lakes . . 28,921 485,474 402,814 Photograph wildlife . . 12,038 79,342 Great Lakes ...... 2,039 20,095 17,195 Feed wildlife...... 9,976 89,606 Saltwater...... 9,438 103,034 86,547 Residential 3 ...... 60,751 (X) Total hunters ...... 13,975 256,676 222,938 Observe wildlife .... 44,063 (X) Big game ...... 11,288 153,784 113,971 Photograph wildlife . . 16,021 (X) Small game ...... 6,945 75,117 63,744 Feed wild birds 4.... 54,122 (X) Migratorybirds...... 3,073 26,501 22,509 Visitpublicparks.... 11,011 (X) Otheranimals...... 1,521 24,522 22,714 Maintainplantingsor naturalareas..... 13,401 (X) X Not applicable. 1 Detail does not add to total due to multiple responses and nonresponse. 2 Persons taking a trip of at least 1 mile for activity. 3 Activity within 1 mile of home. 4 Or other wildlife. No. 1250. Expenditures for Wildlife Related Recreation Activities: 1996 [See headnote, Table 1249. (37,797 represents $37,797,000,000)]

Fishing Hunting Wildlife watching Spenders Spenders Spenders Type of expenditure Expendi- Percent Expendi- Percent Expendi- Percent tures Number of tures Number of tures Number of (mil. dol.) (1,000) anglers (mil. dol.) (1,000) hunters (mil. dol.) (1,000) watchers Total 1 ...... 37,797 34,002 96 20,613 13,769 99 29,228 52,729 84 Food and lodging ...... 5,990 28,452 81 2,512 11,073 79 5,352 17,922 76 Food ...... 4,256 28,267 80 2,078 11,060 79 3,447 17,761 75 Lodging ...... 1,734 8,020 23 434 1,909 14 1,905 6,783 29 Transportation ...... 3,730 28,741 82 1,780 12,022 86 2,943 20,260 86 Public...... 559 1,780 5 145 479 3 811 2,229 9 Private...... 3,171 28,382 81 1,634 11,926 85 2,132 19,863 84 Other trip-related costs.... 5,661 28,398 81 864 4,378 31 1,150 9,340 39 Sport specific equipment 2 . 5,309 24,726 70 5,519 11,278 81 8,230 47,355 75 Auxiliary equipment 3 ..... 1,037 6,006 17 1,233 5,730 41 858 4,763 8 Special equipment 4...... 12,828 3,599 10 4,521 805 6 7,564 1,094 2 Other expenditures 5 ..... 3,242 24,944 71 4,185 12,471 89 3,132 23,827 40 1 Total not adjusted for multiple responses or nonresponse. 2 Items owned primarily for each specific activity, such as rods and reels for fishing and guns and rifles for hunting. 3 Equipment such as camping gear owned for wildlife-associated recreation. 4 ‘‘Big ticket’’ equipment such as campers and boats owned for wildlife-associated recreation. 5 Books, magazines, membership dues and contributions, land leasing and ownership, licenses, and plantings. Source of Tables 1249 and 1250: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1996 National Survey of Fishing, Hunting, and Wildlife Associated Recreation.

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 765

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1251. Sporting Goods Sales by Product Category: 1990 to 2000

[In millions of dollars (50,725 represents $50,725,000,000), except percent. Based on a sample survey of consumer purchases of 80,000 households, (100,000 beginning 1995), except recreational , which was provided by industry associations. Excludes Alaska and Hawaii. Minus sign (-) indicates decrease]

2000, Selected product category 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 proj. Sales, all products ...... 50,725 51,900 56,162 59,794 62,818 67,333 69,848 74,359 78,752 Annual percent change 1 ...... (NA) 4.6 8.2 6.5 5.1 7.2 3.7 6.5 5.9 Percent of retail sales ...... (NA) 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6 Athletic and sport clothing ...... 10,130 9,096 9,521 10,311 11,127 12,035 12,844 13,090 13,704 Athletic and sport footwear 2 ...... 11,654 11,084 11,120 11,415 12,815 13,319 13,068 12,522 13,080 Aerobic shoes ...... 611 500 356 372 401 380 334 275 272 Basketball shoes ...... 918 874 867 999 1,192 1,134 1,000 821 846 Cross training shoes ...... 679 877 1,101 1,191 1,417 1,450 1,402 1,364 1,412 Golf shoes...... 226 275 238 225 231 239 220 208 219 Gym shoes, sneakers ...... 2,536 2,016 1,869 1,741 1,996 1,980 2,010 1,936 2,013 Jogging and running shoes...... 1,110 1,231 1,069 1,043 1,132 1,482 1,469 1,502 1,614 Tennis shoes ...... 740 599 556 480 541 545 515 505 520 Walking shoes ...... 2,950 2,673 2,543 2,841 3,079 3,236 3,192 3,099 3,223 Athletic and sport equipment 2 ...... 14,439 16,651 17,966 18,809 18,988 19,033 19,192 19,640 20,474 Archery ...... 265 285 306 287 276 270 255 262 272 Baseball and softball ...... 217 323 295 251 277 290 304 334 344 Billiards and pool ...... 192 313 313 304 271 242 347 354 372 Camping ...... 1,072 906 1,017 1,205 1,127 1,153 1,204 1,264 1,327 Exercise equipment...... 1,824 2,602 2,781 2,960 3,232 2,968 3,233 3,355 3,657 Fishing tackle...... 1,910 1,952 1,951 2,010 1,970 1,891 1,903 1,917 1,974 Golf...... 2,514 2,723 2,747 3,194 3,560 3,703 3,658 3,567 3,674 Huntingandfirearms...... 2,202 2,722 3,523 3,003 2,521 2,562 2,200 2,437 2,534 In-line skating and wheel sports.... 150 377 545 646 590 562 509 468 454 Optics...... 438 493 503 655 673 690 710 769 800 Skin diving and scuba ...... 294 315 322 328 340 332 345 363 373 Skiing,alpine...... 475 569 609 562 707 723 718 631 649 Tennis...... 333 327 313 297 296 319 318 338 345 Recreational transport ...... 14,502 15,069 17,555 19,259 19,888 22,946 24,743 29,108 31,494 Bicycles and supplies ...... 2,423 3,534 3,470 3,390 3,187 4,860 4,957 4,770 4,780 Pleasure boats ...... 7,644 6,246 7,679 9,064 9,399 10,208 10,539 13,098 13,622 Recreational vehicles...... 4,113 4,775 5,690 5,895 6,327 6,904 8,364 10,413 12,241 Snowmobiles ...... 322 515 715 910 974 975 883 826 851 NA Not available. 1 Represents change from immediate prior year. 2 Includes other products not shown separately. Source: National Sporting Goods Association, Mt. Prospect, IL, The Sporting Goods Market in 2000; and prior issues (copyright).

No. 1252. Consumer Purchases of Sporting Goods by Consumer Characteristics: 1999

[In percent. Based on sample survey of consumer purchases of 100,000 households. Excludes Alaska and Hawaii]

Footwear Equipment Jog- Characteristic Gym ging/ - Exer- Hunt- Total Aero- shoes/ run- Walk- Fish- ing cise ing Golf Skate house- bic sneak- ning ing ing equip- equip- equip- equip- board- holds shoes ers shoes shoes tackle ment ment ment ment ing Total...... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 Age of user: Under 14 years old ...... 20 7 47 12 7 6 17 1 3 3 53 14 to 17 years old ...... 6 5 13 14 33923525 18 to 24 years old ...... 9 12 6 11 4 10 10 3 7 7 11 25 to 34 years old ...... 14 25 10 17 9 20 20 17 20 18 3 35 to 44 years old ...... 16 22 10 22 17 28 18 23 25 23 3 45 to 64 years old ...... 22 23 11 21 39 26 16 41 35 33 2 65 years old and over ..... 13 6 3 3 21 538611- Multiple ages ...... -----2751 - 4 Sex of user: Male...... 49 14 51 55 36 86 62 40 92 79 90 Female ...... 51 86 49 45 64 10 31 52 6 21 10 Both sexes...... -----4782 - - Education of household head: Less than high school ..... 87645126272 4 High school ...... 24 20 23 15 24 21 20 19 26 10 9 Some college ...... 36 32 38 31 35 35 37 34 42 37 42 College graduate...... 32 41 33 50 36 32 37 45 25 51 46 Annual household income: Under $15,000 ...... 18 9 10 6 11 9 10 5 8 3 9 $15,000 to $24,999 ...... 14 12 11 7 11 9 9 8 16 7 7 $25,000 to $34,999 ...... 14 16 14 12 13 14 13 6 14 7 14 $35,000 to $49,999 ...... 16 12 18 16 16 17 19 11 18 16 10 $50,000 to $74,999 ...... 19 24 25 26 23 24 24 31 21 25 22 $75,000 and over ...... 10 16 12 16 14 14 14 16 11 19 18 $100,000 and over ...... 9 11 10 17 12 13 11 23 12 23 21 - Represents or rounds to zero. Source: National Sporting Goods Association, Mt. Prospect, IL, The Sporting Goods Market in 2000 (copyright).

766 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1253. National Park System—Summary: 1990 to 1999

[986.1 represents $986,100,000. For fiscal years ending in year shown, except as noted; see text, Section 9, Federal Government Finances and Employment. Includes data for five areas in Puerto Rico and Virgin Islands, one area in American Samoa, and one area in Guam]

Item 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 Finances (mil. dol.): 1 Expenditures reported ...... 986.1 1,429.4 1,404.0 1,445.0 1,391.0 1,473.0 1,604.0 1,530.0 Salaries and wages ...... 459.1 596.1 627.2 633.0 650.0 683.0 721.0 733.0 Improvements, maintenance ...... 160.0 224.8 222.9 234.0 234.0 246.0 255.0 289.0 Construction ...... 108.5 226.8 205.6 192.0 168.0 188.0 191.0 62.0 Other...... 258.5 379.7 348.3 386.0 339.0 356.0 437.0 446.0 Funds available ...... 1,505.5 2,346.5 2,307.7 2,225.0 2,116.0 2,301.0 2,658.0 2,972.0 Appropriations...... 1,052.5 1,334.0 1,388.8 1,325.0 1,346.0 1,625.0 1,765.0 1,867.0 Other 2 ...... 453.0 1,012.5 918.9 900.0 770.0 676.0 893.0 1,105.0 Revenue from operations ...... 78.6 89.5 97.0 106.3 133.2 174.8 202.8 215.3 Recreation visits (millions): 3 Allareas...... 258.7 273.1 268.6 269.6 265.8 275.3 286.7 287.1 National parks 4 ...... 57.7 59.8 63.0 64.8 63.1 65.3 64.5 64.3 National monuments ...... 23.9 26.5 23.6 23.5 23.6 24.1 23.6 24.3 National historical, commemorative, archaeological 5...... 57.5 61.9 59.5 56.9 59.0 63.0 74.2 72.6 National parkways ...... 29.1 30.4 29.3 31.3 30.9 31.6 32.8 34.6 National recreation areas 4 ...... 47.2 50.8 52.3 53.7 52.6 51.6 53.0 52.8 National seashores and lakeshores. . . 23.3 24.1 24.0 22.5 20.3 22.4 22.6 22.7 National Capital Parks ...... 7.5 9.1 5.4 5.5 6.1 5.1 4.2 3.9 Recreation overnight stays (millions) 3 . . 17.6 17.7 18.3 16.8 16.6 15.8 15.6 15.9 In commercial lodgings ...... 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.7 In Park Service campgrounds ...... 7.9 7.5 7.6 7.1 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.2 In backcountry ...... 1.7 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 Other...... 4.2 3.8 4.4 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.1 Land (1,000 acres): 6 Total...... 76,362 75,515 74,905 77,355 77,458 77,457 77,654 78,166 Parks...... 46,089 45,521 48,111 49,307 49,315 49,384 49,416 49,859 Recreation areas ...... 3,344 3,349 3,351 3,353 3,353 3,329 3,361 3,404 Other...... 26,929 26,645 23,443 24,695 24,790 24,744 24,877 24,903 Acquisition, net...... 21 39 32 27 98 61 95 44 1 Financial data are those associated with the National Park System. Certain other functions of the National Park Service (principally the activities absorbed from the former Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service in 1981) are excluded. 2 Includes funds carried over from prior years. 3 For calendar year. Includes other areas, not shown separately. 4 For 1990, combined data for North Cascades National Park and two adjacent National Recreation Areas are included in National Parks total. 5 Includes military areas. 6 Federal land only, as of Dec. 31. Federal land acreages, in addition to National Park Service administered lands, also include lands within national park system area boundaries but under the administration of other agencies. Year-to-year changes in the federal lands figures include changes in the acreages of these other lands and hence often differ from ‘‘net acquisition.’’ Source: U.S. National Park Service, Visits, National Park Statistical Abstract, annual; and unpublished data. Other data are unpublished.

No. 1254. State Parks and Recreation Areas by State: 2000

[For year ending June 30 (12,807 represents 12,807,000). Data are shown as reported by state park directors. In some states, park agency has under its control forests, fish and wildlife areas, and/or other areas. In other states, agency is responsible for state parks only]

Revenue Revenue Percent Percent State of oper- State of oper- ating ating Acreage Visitors Total expen- Acreage Visitors Total expen- (1,000) (1,000) 1 ($1,000) ditures (1,000) (1,000) 1 ($1,000) ditures United States. . . 12,807 786,610 677,911 41.6 Missouri ...... 137 18,174 6,947 21.9 Montana ...... 65 1,367 1,652 28.4 Alabama ...... 50 5,878 25,213 84.4 Nebraska ...... 133 9,619 13,706 75.8 Alaska ...... 3,291 3,888 2,012 37.7 Nevada...... 133 3,451 1,903 23.9 Arizona ...... 59 2,371 6,934 44.0 New Hampshire . . . 74 5,127 12,319 164.5 Arkansas...... 51 6,643 13,502 47.7 NewJersey...... 345 15,073 7,283 21.0 California...... 1,413 98,520 54,926 23.6 New Mexico...... 91 4,639 4,320 27.4 Colorado...... 347 10,284 12,127 57.3 NewYork...... 1,016 59,126 63,254 44.7 Connecticut ...... 183 7,567 3,205 27.8 NorthCarolina.... 159 12,400 3,500 15.5 Delaware...... 21 3,910 6,619 34.4 North Dakota ..... 20 1,111 1,168 50.4 Florida...... 547 16,672 28,577 45.2 Ohio...... 205 55,340 26,467 40.2 Georgia ...... 76 16,124 18,172 38.4 Oklahoma ...... 72 16,148 22,804 52.0 Hawaii ...... 27 18,171 771 11.4 Oregon ...... 95 38,563 15,254 43.4 Idaho ...... 43 2,573 3,503 42.4 Pennsylvania ..... 288 36,717 12,612 18.8 Illinois...... 305 44,484 5,200 11.7 Rhode Island ..... 9 6,231 3,237 70.8 Indiana...... 178 18,475 31,355 76.7 South Carolina .... 80 9,247 16,057 62.2 Iowa...... 63 15,152 3,234 30.7 South Dakota..... 98 7,038 7,154 71.6 Kansas ...... 32 7,202 4,242 58.8 Tennessee...... 141 30,182 28,451 55.3 Kentucky...... 44 7,792 50,607 66.8 Texas ...... 631 18,751 21,248 42.2 Louisiana ...... 36 1,715 3,484 23.2 Utah...... 114 6,737 7,849 35.2 Maine...... 95 2,265 1,943 28.9 Vermont ...... 84 719 5,614 102.2 Maryland...... 259 10,004 14,202 39.8 Virginia...... 73 5,717 6,477 41.6 Massachusetts .... 289 12,775 5,725 17.9 Washington ...... 259 46,444 10,574 27.8 Michigan...... 351 27,534 32,347 63.2 WestVirginia..... 196 7,990 18,036 61.1 Minnesota ...... 256 8,496 10,939 44.2 Wisconsin ...... 129 15,470 12,855 73.9 Mississippi...... 24 4,198 7,266 38.8 Wyoming...... 121 2,538 1,067 22.3

1 Includes overnight visitors. Source: National Association of State Park Directors, Tuscon, AZ, 2001 Annual Information Exchange.

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 767

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1255. Travel by U.S. Residents—Summary: 1994 to 2000

[In millions (564.8 represents 564,800,000), except size. See headnote, Table 1256]

Type of trip 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 All travel: Total trips 1 ...... 564.8 577.6 575.7 581.9 594.1 580.8 579.9 Person trips ...... 968.0 994.8 994.2 1,026.6 1,035.6 1,019.6 1,032.7 Partysize...... 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.0 2.0 Auto travel: Total trips ...... 386.4 396.2 400.7 402.7 410.5 387.7 386.3 Person trips ...... 729.9 751.0 758.6 781.2 784.0 752.5 760.5 Partysize...... 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.2 Air travel: Total trips ...... 136.7 138.6 134.1 136.2 140.8 141.2 141.8 Person trips ...... 182.0 185.0 180.9 185.8 192.6 195.5 198.0 Partysize...... 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 Business travel: Total trips ...... 168.3 173.9 167.5 165.8 171.7 167.4 161.0 Person trips ...... 213.0 219.8 212.8 213.5 219.5 214.1 209.4 Partysize...... 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 Pleasure travel: Total trips ...... 335.5 338.5 341.4 347.4 348.1 333.7 336.2 Person trips ...... 644.7 653.6 656.2 682.7 681.4 658.3 669.3 Partysize...... 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 1 Includes other trips (e.g. medical, funerals, weddings), not shown separately. Source: Travel Industry Association of America, Washington, DC, TravelScope, annual (copyright).

No. 1256. Characteristics of Pleasure Trips by U.S. Residents: 1995 to 2000

[338.5 represents 338,500,000. Represents trips to destinations 50 miles or more, one-way, away from home or one or more overnight trips. Based on a monthly mail panel survey of 20,000 U.S. households. For details, see source]

Characteristic Unit 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Total trips ...... Millions. . . 338.5 341.4 347.4 348.1 333.7 336.2 Average household members on trip . . Number . . . 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 Average nights per trip 1 ...... Number . . . 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6 Traveled primarily by auto/truck/RV rentalcar...... Percent . . . 77 78 78 77 81 81 Traveled primarily by air ...... Percent . . . 17 16 16 16 14 15 Used a rental car while on trip 2 ..... Percent . . . 77775 5 Stayed in a hotel while on trip...... Percent . . . 33 33 33 34 35 35 Household income: Less than $40,000 ...... Percent . . . 51 49 47 44 41 38 $40,000 or more ...... Percent . . . 49 51 53 56 59 62 1 Includes overnight and nonovernight stays. 2 As a secondary mode of transportation. Source: Travel Industry Association of America, Washington, DC, TravelScope, annual (copyright).

No. 1257. Domestic Travel Expenditures by State: 1999

[451,590 represents $451,590,000,000. Represents U.S. spending on domestic overnight trips and day trips of 50 miles or more, one way, away from home. Excludes spending by foreign visitors and by U.S. residents in U.S. territories and abroad]

Share Share Share State Total of total State Total of total State Total of total (mil. (per- (mil. (per- (mil. (per- dol.) cent) Rank dol.) cent) Rank dol.) cent) Rank U.S. total . 451,590 100.0 (X) KS...... 3,314 0.7 38 ND...... 1,100 0.2 50 KY...... 4,945 1.1 30 OH...... 12,181 2.7 11 AL...... 5,002 1.1 28 LA...... 7,631 1.7 20 OK...... 3,653 0.8 34 AK...... 1,292 0.3 48 ME...... 1,828 0.4 42 OR...... 5,072 1.1 27 AZ...... 7,868 1.7 18 MD...... 7,701 1.7 19 PA...... 13,733 3.0 8 AR...... 3,612 0.8 35 MA...... 10,268 2.3 14 RI...... 1,312 0.3 46 CA...... 57,542 12.7 1 MI...... 10,868 2.4 13 SC...... 6,602 1.5 23 CO...... 8,624 1.9 17 MN...... 6,535 1.4 24 SD...... 1,149 0.3 49 CT...... 4,960 1.1 29 MS...... 4,299 1.0 31 TN...... 9,414 2.1 15 DE...... 1,002 0.2 51 MO...... 9,089 2.0 16 TX...... 29,889 6.6 3 DC...... 4,108 0.9 32 MT...... 1,813 0.4 43 UT...... 3,566 0.8 36 FL...... 39,137 8.7 2 NE...... 2,533 0.6 39 VT...... 1,312 0.3 47 GA...... 13,655 3.0 9 NV...... 18,373 4.1 6 VA...... 12,415 2.7 10 HI...... 7,131 1.6 22 NH...... 2,218 0.5 40 WA...... 7,568 1.7 21 ID...... 2,001 0.4 41 NJ...... 14,164 3.1 7 WV...... 1,610 0.4 44 IL...... 20,500 4.5 5 NM...... 3,418 0.8 37 WI...... 5,987 1.3 25 IN...... 5,814 1.3 26 NY...... 26,868 5.9 4 WY...... 1,427 0.3 45 IA...... 4,038 0.9 33 NC...... 11,452 2.5 12

X Not applicable. Source: Travel Industry Association of America, Washington, DC, Impact of Travel on State Economies, 1999 (copyright).

768 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1258. International Travelers and Expenditures: 1990 to 1999

[47,880 represents $47,880,000,000. For coverage, see Table 1259]

Travel and passenger fare (mil. dol.) U.S. net U.S. Payments by U.S. travelers Receipts from foreign visitors travel and travelers International Year passenger to foreign visitors to Expenditures Travel payments countries the U.S. Total 1 abroad Total 1 receipts (mil. dol.) (1,000) (1,000) 1990 ...... 47,880 37,349 58,305 43,007 10,425 44,623 39,363 1991 ...... 45,334 35,322 64,239 48,385 18,905 41,566 42,674 1992 ...... 49,155 38,552 71,360 54,742 22,205 43,898 47,261 1993 ...... 52,123 40,713 74,403 57,875 22,280 44,411 45,779 1994 ...... 56,844 43,782 75,414 58,417 18,570 46,450 44,753 1995 ...... 59,579 44,916 82,304 63,395 22,725 50,763 43,318 1996 ...... 63,887 48,078 90,231 69,809 26,344 52,311 46,489 1997 ...... 70,189 52,051 94,294 73,426 24,105 52,944 47,752 1998 ...... 76,480 56,509 91,384 71,286 14,904 56,287 46,395 1999 ...... 80,756 59,351 94,657 74,881 13,901 58,358 48,491 1 Includes passenger fares not shown separately. Source: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, International Trade Administration, Tourism Industries, Internet site .

No. 1259. Foreign Travel: 1990 to 1999

[In thousands (44,623 represents 44,623,000). U.S. travelers cover residents of the United States, its territories and possessions. Foreign travelers to the U.S. include travelers for business and pleasure, international travelers in transit through the United States, and students; excludes travel by international personnel and international businessmen employed in the United States]

Item and area 1990 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 U.S. travelers to foreign countries. 44,623 44,411 46,450 50,763 52,311 52,944 56,287 58,358 Canada ...... 12,252 12,024 12,542 12,933 12,909 13,401 14,880 16,036 Mexico...... 16,381 15,285 15,759 18,771 19,616 17,909 18,338 17,743 Total overseas...... 15,990 17,102 18,149 19,059 19,786 21,634 23,069 24,579 Europe...... 8,043 7,491 8,167 8,596 8,706 9,800 11,143 11,577 Foreign travelers to the U.S...... 39,363 45,779 44,753 43,318 46,489 47,752 46,395 48,491 Canada ...... 17,263 17,293 14,974 14,663 15,301 15,127 13,422 14,110 Mexico...... 7,041 9,824 11,321 8,016 8,530 8,431 9,276 9,915 Total overseas...... 15,059 18,662 18,458 20,639 22,658 24,194 23,698 24,466 Europe...... 6,659 8,630 8,119 8,793 9,727 10,390 10,675 11,243 South America ...... 1,328 2,026 2,112 2,449 2,461 2,831 2,957 2,733 CentralAmerica...... 412 545 513 509 524 564 697 731 Caribbean ...... 1,137 1,098 1,031 1,044 1,133 1,189 1,161 1,258 Far East ...... 4,360 5,165 5,551 6,616 7,500 7,756 6,724 6,935 Middle East ...... 365 419 403 454 480 552 587 625 Oceania ...... 662 609 556 588 629 680 639 667 Africa ...... 137 169 173 186 205 234 258 274 Source: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, International Trade Administration, Tourism Industries, Internet site .

No. 1260. Top States and Visited by Overseas Travelers: 1999 and 2000

[24,466 represents 24,466,000. Includes travelers for business and pleasure, international travelers in transit through the United States, and students; excludes travel by international personnel and international businessmen employed in the United States]

Overseas Overseas visitors Market share visitors Market share State (1,000) (percent) City (1,000) (percent) 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Total overseas travelers 1. 24,466 25,975 100.0 100.0 NewYorkCity,NY...... 5,505 5,714 22.5 22.0 California ...... 6,239 6,364 25.5 24.5LosAngeles, CA ...... 3,572 3,533 14.6 13.6 Florida...... 5,798 6,026 23.7 23.2Orlando, FL ...... 2,863 3,013 11.7 11.6 NewYork...... 5,798 5,922 23.7 22.8Miami,FL...... 2,863 2,935 11.7 11.3 Hawaiian Islands ...... 2,740 2,727 11.2 10.5SanFrancisco, CA...... 2,789 2,831 11.4 10.9 Nevada ...... 2,373 2,364 9.7 9.1LasVegas, NV ...... 2,251 2,260 9.2 8.7 Massachusetts...... 1,321 1,429 5.4 5.5 Oahu/Honolulu, HI ...... 2,202 2,234 9.0 8.6 Illinois ...... 1,321 1,377 5.4 5.3Washington, DC ...... 1,297 1,481 5.3 5.7 Guam ...... 1,028 1,325 4.2 5.1Chicago, IL...... 1,272 1,351 5.2 5.2 Texas...... 1,052 1,169 4.3 4.5 Boston, MA ...... 1,199 1,325 4.9 5.1 NewJersey...... 905 909 3.7 3.5SanDiego, CA ...... 807 701 3.3 2.7 Arizona...... 881 883 3.6 3.4Atlanta,GA...... 538 701 2.2 2.7 Georgia ...... 612 805 2.5 3.1Tampa/St. Petersburg, FL . 489 519 2.0 2.0 Pennsylvania...... 538 649 2.2 2.5SanJose, CA ...... 514 494 2.1 1.9 Colorado...... 465 519 1.9 2.0 Anaheim, CA ...... 465 494 1.9 1.9 Michigan...... 416 494 1.7 1.9Dallas/Ft.Worth,TX..... 416 494 1.7 1.9 Washington ...... 514 468 2.1 1.8Ft.Lauderdale, FL ...... 465 468 1.9 1.8 Utah...... 391 416 1.6 1.6 Houston, TX ...... 416 442 1.7 1.7 NorthCarolina...... 294 416 1.2 1.6 Maui, HI...... 367 442 1.5 1.7 Louisiana ...... 367 390 1.5 1.5 Seattle, WA ...... 465 416 1.9 1.6 Ohio...... 367 390 1.5 1.5Philadelphia, PA ...... 343 390 1.4 1.5 Virginia...... 343 364 1.4 1.4NewOrleans, LA ...... 294 364 1.2 1.4 Minnesota...... 220 364 0.9 1.4Detroit,MI...... 294 338 1.2 1.3 1 Includes other states and cities, not shown separately. Source: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, International Trade Administration, Internet site (accessed 10 July 2001).

Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 769

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001 No. 1261. Impact of International Travel on States Economies: 1999

[72,170.6 represents $72,170,600]

Travel Travel Travel Travel Travel gener- gener- Travel gener- gener- State Travel gener- ated ated State Travel gener- ated ated expendi- ated employ- tax expendi- ated employ- tax tures payroll ment receipts tures payroll ment receipts (mil. dol.) (mil. dol.) (1,000) (mil. dol.) (mil. dol.) (mil. dol.) (1,000) (mil. dol.) U.S., total . . 72,170.6 19,690.7 959.4 12,345.7 MO...... 257.6 71.4 4.0 48.5 AL...... 107.9 24.9 1.7 14.6 MT...... 91.4 22.1 1.9 12.6 AK...... 214.9 86.8 4.1 42.5 NE...... 59.3 16.2 1.1 10.3 AZ...... 1,620.4 479.1 25.9 271.7 NV...... 2,661.2 833.0 40.0 358.0 AR...... 47.4 12.5 0.8 7.1 NH...... 128.7 30.6 2.0 15.6 CA...... 13,828.2 3,732.8 177.5 2,228.7 NJ...... 889.6 240.4 10.6 176.7 CO...... 730.6 240.3 12.8 169.5 NM...... 127.1 31.3 2.2 18.3 CT...... 282.3 69.1 3.4 49.8 NY...... 9,447.6 2,584.6 105.4 1,984.4 DE...... 85.9 20.1 1.2 14.3 NC...... 416.0 130.0 6.8 76.8 DC...... 1,613.2 336.5 13.9 227.7 ND...... 48.3 11.7 1.0 10.8 FL...... 16,648.3 4,337.0 223.3 2,636.7 OH...... 566.9 160.7 9.0 109.1 GA...... 883.3 327.8 14.0 219.8 OK...... 81.3 30.9 1.6 14.5 HI...... 7,092.2 1,723.5 78.5 1,005.9 OR...... 388.6 111.7 6.9 64.3 ID...... 101.0 25.3 1.8 18.8 PA...... 1,030.6 303.4 15.3 187.0 IL...... 1,647.5 449.1 21.4 322.8 RI...... 113.2 24.4 1.5 14.8 IN...... 243.5 78.1 4.3 45.5 SC...... 444.7 111.3 7.2 67.8 IA...... 133.7 33.6 2.4 20.6 SD...... 40.5 10.6 0.9 5.4 KS...... 98.1 23.8 1.7 14.8 TN...... 338.2 151.5 6.1 78.8 KY...... 122.6 50.7 2.6 25.9 TX...... 3,241.6 1,007.7 49.4 604.3 LA...... 458.6 106.5 6.6 65.9 UT...... 358.6 120.7 7.7 72.3 ME...... 245.8 56.7 4.2 33.1 VT...... 130.1 32.2 2.0 18.3 MD...... 342.5 102.9 4.6 71.8 VA...... 447.9 134.2 7.5 75.0 MA...... 1,939.1 506.1 23.9 326.1 WA...... 930.9 252.7 13.3 174.2 MI...... 643.8 176.5 10.1 121.0 WV...... 31.9 7.9 0.5 4.9 MN...... 383.9 144.2 6.9 124.1 WI...... 266.5 75.7 5.2 47.5 MS...... 48.2 21.7 1.2 8.1 WY...... 69.8 18.3 1.6 8.7

Source: Travel Industry Association of America, Washington, DC, Impact of Travel on State Economies, 1999 (copyright).

No. 1262. Foreign Visitors for Pleasure Admitted by Country of Last Residence: 1985 to 1999

[In thousands (6,609 represents 6,609,000). For years ending September 30. Represents non-U.S. citizens admitted to the country for a temporary period of time (also known as nonimmigrants)]

Country 1985 1990 1995 1999 Country 1985 1990 1995 1999 All countries 1 ...... 6,60913,41817,61224,104 United Arab Emirates . . . 6 7 14 25 Africa 1 ...... 101 105 137 219 Europe1...... 2,048 5,383 7,012 9,282 South Africa ...... 26 26 59 80 United Kingdom...... 598 1,899 2,342 3,610 Other Africa ...... 22 34 35 60 Germany 2 ...... 373 969 1,550 1,713 Egypt...... 16 16 16 31 France ...... 226 566 738 849 Oceania 1 ...... 282 562 478 552 Italy...... 155 308 427 510 Australia...... 195 380 327 376 Netherlands ...... 82 214 308 395 New Zealand 4 ...... 74 153 115 133 Switzerland...... 110 236 321 328 NorthAmerica...... 1,664 2,463 2,240 5,088 Spain...... 64 183 248 297 Canada ...... 79 119 127 186 Ireland...... 55 81 126 254 Mexico...... 773 1,061 893 3,195 Sweden ...... 71 230 142 224 Caribbean1 ...... 584 963 831 1,097 Belgium...... 39 95 153 184 Bahamas, The ...... 211 332 234 300 Austria ...... 34 87 146 165 Jamaica ...... 74 132 130 184 Norway...... 41 80 71 109 Dominican Republic . . 57 137 138 169 Denmark ...... 36 75 78 106 Trinidad and Tobago . . 71 81 64 95 Poland...... 40 55 36 82 Haiti...... 56 57 43 60 Portugal ...... 18 30 40 60 Barbados ...... 17 34 36 47 Finland...... 24 83 47 60 Cayman Islands ..... 18 31 31 44 Russia ...... (X) (X) 33 47 Netherlands Antilles . . 27 31 32 36 Greece ...... 34 43 44 45 Aruba...... (Z) 10 19 23 Hungary ...... 10 15 29 40 British Virgin Islands . . 4 8 9 21 Czech Republic ...... (X) (X) 12 33 Central America 1...... 228 320 387 564 Iceland...... 5 10 14 24 Guatemala ...... 53 91 99 130 Asia 1 ...... 1,866 3,830 5,666 6,192 Costa Rica ...... 41 62 91 121 Japan ...... 1,277 2,846 3,986 4,418 El Salvador ...... 38 46 63 121 China 3 ...... 83 187 378 404 Panama ...... 38 43 54 76 Korea...... 26 120 427 305 Honduras ...... 37 52 37 59 Israel...... 80 128 160 215 Nicaragua ...... 14 13 28 38 India...... 52 75 75 147 South America 1 ...... 606 1,016 1,978 2,394 Hong Kong ...... 64 111 162 143 Brazil...... 148 300 710 643 Philippines...... 59 76 85 113 Venezuela ...... 122 199 400 473 Singapore...... 23 32 61 61 Argentina...... 66 136 320 458 Turkey...... 9 20 27 59 Colombia ...... 123 122 174 339 Saudi Arabia ...... 31 33 45 49 Chile...... 28 54 117 143 Thailand...... 15 25 59 46 Peru...... 44 97 98 126 Indonesia ...... 19 28 44 43 Ecuador ...... 42 57 77 100 Malaysia...... 19 27 40 34 Uruguay ...... 7 16 37 49 Pakistan...... 17 27 27 31 Bolivia...... 10 14 16 29

X Not applicable. Z Fewer than 500. 1 Includes other countries, not shown separately. 2 Data for 1985 and 1990 are for former West Germany. 3 Includes People’s Republic of China and Taiwan. 4 Prior to fiscal year 1995, data for Niue are included in New Zealand. Source: U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service, Statistical Yearbook, 1999, annual.

770 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation

U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2001