The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue Contents for March 1967 New York, New York 10019 Publisher, James F

THE AMERICAN

WORLD% CRISIS IN FOOD AND WHAT

UNFIT DRIVERS ON OUR HIGHWAYS

THE "GOOD OLD DAYS" ON WALL STREET

THE STORY OF ARLINGTON'S "OLD GUARD" REGIMENT 1^1 Get extra flavor: Pipe tobacco inafilter cigarette!

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The American

MARCH 1967

Volume 82, Number 3 LEGION POSTMASTER: Send Form 3579 to P.O. Box 1954 Indianapolis, Ind. 46206 Magazine The American Legion Magazine Editorial & Advertising Offices 720 Fifth Avenue Contents for March 1967 New York, New York 10019 Publisher, James F. O'Neil Editor Robert B. Pitkin CRISIS IN MUST THE WORLD'S FOOD AND WHAT Art Editor BE DONE ABOUT IT 6 Al Marshall BY ROBERT B. PITKIN Assistant Editor Jolin Andreola The story of the biggest problem the world ever faced, and what Associate Editors the United States now insists must be done about it Roy Miller in spite of incredible difficulties. James S. Swartz Assistant Art Editor Walter H. Boll THE "GOOD OLD DAYS" ON WALL STREET 12 Production Manager Art Bretzfield BY ROBERT SILVERBERG Copy Editor A bit of American history involving the financial giants of old, in Grail S. Hanford the days when business and Wall Street were Circulation Manager Dean B. Nelson loith millions glorious gambling houses, Indianapolis, Ind. to be lost, won or stolen. Advertising Director Robert P. Redden Chicago Sales Office DOES THE FEDERAL-STATE EMPLOYMENT Nick Amos 35 East Wacker Drive SERVICE NEED A NEW CHARTER? 16 Chicago. 111. 60601 TWO SIDES OF A NATIONAL QUESTION 312 CEntral 6-2401 pro: rep. ELMER J. HOLLAND (D-PA.) con: rep. FRANK T. BOW (R-OHIO) CHANGE OF ADDRESS: Notify Circulation Dept.. P. O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind., 46206 using Post Office 18 Form 3578. Attach old address label and UNFIT DRIVERS ON OUR HIGHWAYS give old and new addresses with ZIP Code BY RAYMOND SCHUESSLER number and current membership card number. Also be sure to notify your Post Adjutant. Some fearsome facts about physically unfit licensed auto drivers, climaxed by the solution in Pennsyl- The American Legion vania and what it is revealing. Publications Commission:

James E. Powers, Macon, Ga. (Chairman ) ; Howard E. I.ohman, Moorhead, Minn. (Vice

THE STORY OF ARLINGTON'S "OLD GUARD" REGIMENT 22 Chairman) ; Bob Wliittemore, W'' atertown, S .D.

(National Commander' s Representative) ; BY PRISCILLA M. HARDING Lang Armstrong, Spokane, f^'ash.; Charles E. It'. Adolph F. The 3D Infantry Regiment—the oldest on active duty—performs Booth, Huntington, Va. ; the military ceremonies in the nation's capital Bremer, Winona, Minn.; John Cicero, Swoyer- ville. Pa.; Clevis Copeland, Little Rock, Ark.; and nearby Arlington. Here's its story, Paul B. Dague, Downington, Pa.; Raymond

of yesterday and today. Fields, Guymon, Okla. ; Chris Hernandez, Savannah, Ga.; George D. Levy, Sumter, S.C.; Dr. Charles R. Logan, Keokuk, Iowa; Frank C. Love, Syracuse, N.Y.; Morris Meyer, Stark- TWO WAYS OF LIFE AT HYDE PARK, NEW YORK 28 ville. Miss.; J. H. Morris, Baton Rouge, La.; Robert Mitchler, Oswego, III. Harry H. BY ALDEW STEVENS ; Schaffer, Pittsburgh, Pa.; Bradley J. Stephens, A travel article for today's motorists on a famous New York Hudson Los Altos, Calif.; Wayne L. Talbert, Delphi^ Valley village. Franklin Roosevelfs home, including his state papers, Ind.; Benjamin B. Truskoski, Bristol, Conn.; Robert H. Wilder, Dadeville, Ala.; E. Meade a museum and library, is there and so is the Vanderbilt Mansion, Wilson, Mulberry, Fla. ; Edward McSweeney. a monument to great wealth and splendor. Thirty-first New York, N.Y. (Consultant) in the series "Seeing Historic America."

The American Legion Magazine is published monthly at 1100 West Broadway, Louisville, THE SUPREME COURT AND THE FEINBERG LAW 29 Ky. 40201 by The American Legion, Copyright 1967 by The American Legion. Second-class BY NATIONAL COMMANDER JOHN E. DAVIS postage paid at Louisville, Ky. Price: single

A look at a Court decision which seems to grant hard copy, 20 cents ; yearly subscription, $2.00. line Communists a right to invade American public Order nonmember subscriptions from the Cir- culation Department of The American Legion, education while protecting nobody else. P.O. Box 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. Editorial and advertising offices: 720 5th Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. Wholly owned by The American Legion, with National Head- Departments quarters at Indianapolis, Ind. 46206. John E. Davis, National Commander.

EDITOR'S CORNER 2 NEWS OF THE AMERICAN LEGION . . 31 DATELINE WASHINGTON 4 LIFE IN THE OUTDOORS 47 Advertising Sales Representatives LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 5 PERSONAL 52 Northwest The Harlowe Company BOOKS 27 LEGION SHOPPER 54 2012 N. E. Ravenna Boulevard VETERANS NEWSLETTER ...... 30 PARTING SHOTS 5fi Seattle, Washington 98105

Far West Manuscripts, artwork, cartoons submitted for consideration will not be returned unless a self-addressed, Jess M. Laughlin Co. stamped envelope is included. This magazine assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. 711 South Vermont Avenue Los Angeles, California 90005

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 1 —

"LOST" GI'S HAVE MONEY COMING WE HAVE FROM the Internal Revenue EDITOR'S office in Pittsburgh the names of 192 persons—all present or recent members CORNER of the Armed Forces—who have money coming to them. They all seem to be GI's who, being entitled AN EDUCATION IN FOOD to tax refunds on their 1965 returns, were transferred or dis- An American traveling in Russia (spe- charged without IRS getting their new ad- " cifically a remote "in-law" of our own) dresses. Their refund checks didn't reach exhibited some photos of his small farm them, and IRS in Pittsburgh doesn't know in the United States. "Whose dogs are where they are. Most likely they filed their those?" asked a Russian farmer. "Why, 1965 returns to the Pittsburgh oflfice, and they are mine," the American answered. most of them came from the Pittsburgh "You must be a capitalist," snorted the IRS territory in civilian life. It is a fair guide. "Only a capitalist could afford meat assumption that the same thing is true for two big dogs." Want To Own Your Own for every District Office of Internal Rev- The same American expressed dismay enue in the country, and that, nationwide, at the sight of some aged women doing FRANCHISED there are many thousands of recent or backbreaking labor in a field. "Bah!" said present servicemen who would get a lax his guide. "Ignore them. They are only refund on 1965 if they could be located. BUSINESS? peasants." If you moved since filing your 1965 tax Moral: Communism can't feed dogs be- return (it was due last April), and if ycu cause it treats farmers like dogs. The new Full-Benefit Franchises believe you have a refund overdue, and These are but a few of the relevant tales for Norge Equipped VILLAGE® if you doubt that the office where you filed that we had no room for in our article, Laundry and Drycleaning Stores your return has your present address, then "The World's Crisis in Food and What may be your answer! Don't hire anyone to help you, but Must Be Done About It," on page 6. Do write to the office where yon filed large of Teachers and students are advised that A and growing number the return (in the case of Pittsburgh it is the world food situation is a magnificent privately-owned Norge Equipped "District Director of Internal Revenue, subject for special studies in schools. It Village® stores confirm Norge Pittsburgh, Pa. 15230.") Say that you touches on everything else. as leader of the coin-operated think you have a refund due, and that you There are two masterful Department of have a new address. Print clearly the name fabric care industry. Now Norge Agriculture reports on the present food and ^Sress" under which your last return introduces Village® store crisis by Lester R. Brown. One is "Man, was filed, and your present address, and FRANCHISES, providing bene- Land and Food," published in 1963—also your Social Security number. Sign your fits and opportunities unmatched identified as Foreign Agricultural Eco- letter. nomic Report No. II. The other is "In- in the industry ! If you qualify, creasing World Food Output," published Norge will back you completely LAST WORD IN DRIVER FITNESS in 1965—also known as Foreign Agricul- with the famous Norge name, aid THE END of Ray Schuessler's article tural Economic Report No. 25. AT in site selection, financing, and "Unfit Drivers on Our Highways" At the other end of the scale is a look operating, with both local and (page 18), is a detailed review of what at far-out food sources for the future by Pennsylvania's Bureau of Traffic Safety national promotion. For English biochemist N. W. Pirie, the lead had discovered at the end of its first year information, and a tour of a article in the February, 1967, issue of of a permanent program to recheck the Village® store operation, call or Scientific American magazine. If he is physical fitness of licensed drivers every write today! No obligation. opinionated—and he is—Mr. Pirie is also are the last wcrd, extremely knowledgeable. ten years. These figures the subject. Pennsylvania is Teachers could also get a liberal educa- to date, on the only state with such a program, and it tion from the Department of Agriculture's was one year old last November. We are rsi Foreign Agricultural Economic Report o G indebted to Pennsylvania Traffic Safety No. 19—titled "The World Food Budget EQUIPPED VILLAGE'^' LAUNDRY AND DRYCLEANING STORES Harry H. Brainerd, and the — 1970." Commissioner Assistant to the Commissioner, Charles H. For our own article we are indebted Roberts, for the summary of findings. The to these and other information sources reports were in rough form, and as yet un- that gave us 1,000 times as much as we published, when we closed our pages could pass on. They include the U.S. De- Mr. Roberts was kind enough to put partment of State; American and foreign but brief them so that you could news and information media; knowledge- together a of have it with Mr. Schuessler's article. able private citizens, newsmen and eco- Norge Div., Borg-Warner Corp., nomists; numerous industries and founda- Dept. 407N, Mart Plaza, THE "3D" REG'T. Merchandise tions; excellent reports on the food crisis Chicago. 111. 60654 read the story of the Third in such publications as Time, Fortune, WHEN YOU Infantry Regiment on page 22 (Arling- Tell me more about owning my own Forbes, Harvard Business Review, Scien- ton's and Washington's "Old Guard") NORGE EQUIPPED VILLAGE® tific American. editors Store Franchise! The personal assistance of Walter Mc- don't jump on our author or copy Regi- Pherson, Erven Long and R. W. Reuter for the references to it as the "3D" Name the Old Guard writes it in the State Department; of Prof. Ray A. ment. That's how Address Goldberg of the Harvard Business School; —3D, not 3rd. RBP of Phil Drotning of the American Oil Co.; City of the staff of Carl Byoir Associates and State the research staff of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, CHANGE OF ADDRESS acknowl- Notify Circulation Dept., P. O. Box Zip Fenner and Smith should be using edged. Most of the conclusions and opin- 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 462(J6, Phone Post Oflice Form 3578. Attach old ions in the food article are shared in address label and give old and new whole or in part by our information addresses with zip code and current sources, but as a single package of opin- membership card number. Also be ion it is the work of the author your — sure to notify your Post Adjutant. editor.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 join the boarding parties in March at your Johnson dealer's ALL-FAMILY BOAT SHOW You'll find your Johnson dealer ready and able to "repel all boredom" with the greatest crew of motors and boats ever assembled. He'll show you revolutionary Power/Pulse ignition on the Sea-Horse V-100 — no breakers, no points in industry's newest solid-state system. The all new Sea-Foil Reveler — the 16'2" honey blonde that is taking all boating prizes. The new Air-Buoy floating air station that makes skin diving as natural as breathing. They're all part of the Johnson range: 18 new Sea-Horse outboards in 10 power classes ... 3 great

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 , , ,

MAKING U.S. STREETS SAFER. ^^ELDER-CARE'^'^ LEGISLATION. OUTLOOK ON CANCER.

The conservative bent of the current Congress—and PEOPLE AND QUOTES: esp ecially of its House Appropriations Committee — indi- VIETNAM, A VIEW c ates a slowdown on Great Society legislation, but simul- "If the United States is ready taneously a sp eedup of straight society legislation. to give up its policy of aggres- Cap itol Hill spurred on by the crime statistics and sion and to withdraw its troops reaction of the voters, is_ moving to help make the streets from Vietnam, then we will of the nation' s cities safer. First bill introduced in the gladly invite them to tea. ..." Senate would tighten up controls on purchase of firearms. Noi-th Vietnamese President Ho Other measures would provide compensation for victims of Chi Minh. crime, and for dependents of law officers slain in line of duty. VIETNAM, ANOTHER VIEW President Johnson's position is that a national police ". force is repugnant to the American people ... and . . the great edge of east Asia has been denied to the ex- crime must be rooted out at the local level by local pansionism of Peking and that authorities. To implement this concept, the administration proposes that the federal government foot 90% of the this would surely not have happened had we been driven out cost of developing state and local plans to combat crime ; of Vietnam, or had we aban- 60% of the cost of crime laboratories and police academy- type centers. doned Vietnam." U.S. Ambas- sador to Vietnam Henry Cabot Census-wise, the young are dominating the U.S. popula- Lodge.

tion . . . but Congress is presently thinking more about VIETNAM, ANOTHER VIEW the old folks , who can v ote than about the young, who can't until they're 21. "It can be not doubted that American, Just about every Member of Congress has introduced at many Vietnamese, leas t one bi.ll which shows him to be a champ ion of "elder- Korean, Australian and New Zealand troops are alive today care" in some form . . . and the more vigorous 65-and- overs have already organized into lobbying platoons to because of the air campaign stimulate Congressional action. against military targets." Gen. It's taken for granted here that the Social Security William C. Westmoreland, U.S. Act will be liberalized by upping the dollar benefits, Commander in Vietnam. but if the plethora of bills is any indication of the trend, the golden-age sector of our population will also VIETNAM, ANOTHER VIEW get more liberalized Social Security fringe benefits as "In my judgment, any hope well. that the Viet Cong and North Some of the benefits being pushed in Congress would Vietnamese may have had of provide reduced income taxes, a community service con- achieving a military victory is centrating on older Americans, abolition of job discrimi- gone." Gen. Earle G. Wheeler, nation and free eyeglasses. | Chairman U.S. Joint Chiefs of ^ Staff. \ is Progress being made against cancer, the second lead- Ij AIR ing cause of death in the United States . Even though DIRTY | killer. cancer is on the incre ase , more people are being cured "We are dealing with a than ever before according to a report by the National People become sick and they Advisory Cancer Council. die from breathing dirty air." Over the last 15 years, researchers have accelerated Health, Education and Welfare

their attack on cancer . . . one broad research area deals Secretary John Gardner.

with the cause and prevention of cancer. Doctors feel § that our increasing exp o sure to cancer-causing agents in EARTH & SKY our environment may be one reason the cancer rate is "Man today is more obsessed

rising. Many of these ag ent s , c alled carcinogens , have by mysteries of outer space

been demonstrated to be cancer-causing in lab animals . . . than about the composition of thus potentially dangerous for man. Polluted air, chemical the earth he walks on, the compounds and the old bugaboo— cigarette smoke —are oceans he sails, the mountains among suspected sources of carcinogens. he climbs. When you think of it, Researchers are looking into prevention and treatment of man is still a surface scratcher."

cancer by immunization . . . also, new theory of treating Indian Prime Minister Indira cancer with drugs looks promising. Ghandi.

4 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 .

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

Letters published do not necessarily ex- the hands of the Berkeley students who press the policy of The American Legion. Keep letters short. Name and address vinst seek the truth is so great. be furnished. Expressions of opinion and The national press coverage of the requests for personal services are appreci- ated, but they cannot be acknowledged or actions of those who were expelled from answered, due to lack of magazine staff for the hearings held by the House Com- these purposes. Requests for personal services which may be legitimately asked of mittee on Un-American Activities tend- The American Legion should be made to ed to favor those who were thrown out your Post Service Officer or your state (Department) American Legion Hq. Send and thereby gained support for them letters to the editor to: Letters. The from many readers. These stories all too American Legion IVIagazine, 720 5th Ave- nue, New York, N.Y. 10019. frequently appeal to the innocent, sin- cere, honest students whose desire for REPORTING FROM NORTH VIETNAM fairness in such cases leads some of them into activities they would not have sup- SIR: I have been reading the high quahty, ported if such an interview as yours had fair and objective reports, as quoted been given equal exposure. by various newspapers, by Mr. Harrison Emory J. Lebonville E. Salisbury from North Vietnam. I get 776 Moana Way the impression that his reports, and es- Pacifica, Calif. pecially personal comments, have boost- ed the cause of the North Vietnamese TRUTH-IN-PACKAGING LAW and somewhat justified their complaints sir: "What's In That Package?" (Feb- against American pilots. ruary), Robert Angus' article dealing Why not play this game both ways? with the "Truth-in-Packaging" law was I would like to suggest that Mr. Salis- quite interesting. bury undertake a visit to South Viet- However, it now seems likely that the nam to make a similar highly objective July 1, 1967, effective date for the law report of the numerous instances of will be put off until sometime in 1968, as murder, vicious torture and bombings the Federal Trade Commission must of innocent Vietnamese in South South bring into being a procedure for making

Vietnam and Saigon. . . . regulations before it can begin enforc- Michael J. Fibich ing the law. St. Petersburg, Fla. James C. Griffith Arlington, Va. CONGRESS VS. EXTREMISTS SIR: Your description of agitators' tac- THE LASER tics at the House Committee on Un- sir: I was much impressed with the arti- American Activities hearings ("Congress cle "What Will Laser Beams Do Next" vs. Extremists," January) and the re- (December 1966) by Robert Isaacs. The sulting free publicity they receive fur- laser is one of the most fascinating in- ther proves a point to me: The tactics struments yet devised by modern science. are deliberate, yet the news media fall But, when one attempts to communicate for them every time. We are getting a this fascination to the non-scientist the bad worldwide image from too much explanation tends to get tedious and publicity given to the actions of a few. involved technically. Mr. Isaacs has done One can seldom tune in a TV newscast a remarkable job of presenting practi- that doesn't give time to such characters, cally every important aspect of the sub- yet the networks seldom bother to show ject in language which is both easy for a contrasting, better view of life in the layman to understand and rather America. One cannot help wondering exciting as well. which side the networks are on, at times. Ross McCluney E. P. Morrison Development Engineer Colfax, Wash. Eastman Kodak Co. Rochester, N.Y, A REQUEST FOR THE JANUARY ISSUE sir: In the January 1966 issue you print- THE CUSTOMS OF CHRISTMAS ed a request from me that Posts and SIR: I want to thank you for the article individuals send me the November 1965 "How Christmas and Its Customs Be- issue of The American Legion Magazine, gan" (December 1966). We are very which contained the article "The Sys- grateful to you and to the author, Robert tematic Terror of the Viet Cong," for Silverberg, for this splendid summary distribution by me on and around the and the marvelous illustrations. We have Berkeley campus. I received about 1,800 added the article to our permanent copies, which were distributed here as Christmas library. well as in other areas in the state. May Although yours is indeed my hus- I again make the same request to Posts band's magazine, I find that I, too, read and Legionnaires for the January 1967 it faithfully. Among other articles to issue in which the article "Congress vs. which we have referred again are "The Extremists" appears? Just collect as Problem of the Law-Breaking Diplo- many copies of the magazine as possible, mats" (October 1966) and "A Man's bundle them together and send them to Place Is in the Kitchen" (August 1959) me. I will distribute them in this area, Mrs. Byron Bishop where the need to get this interview into Worthington, Minn. THE AMER The World's Crisis in Food

and what must be done about it

By ROBERT B. PITKIN on such easy credit terms that much of President Johnson called for such a the "sale" amounted to giveaway. One policy in 1964, and kept calling for it. In economist has noted that the grain we 1966, with the old food-aid law up for THE LAST year the United WITHIN have "sold" to India would give us a revision, Congress agreed to the change States has officially reversed its claim on two thirds of her currency if and it has been made. position in the matter of how we should demand payment. Our new law had only been in effect it will help feed hungry nations—and not policy, still Under our new we will a few months when it was put to the test. a moment too soon. rush emergency food to famished lands. India, beset by famine after two years To put it very simply, we rewrote our But we will do a lot more to help them of drought at the same time that its basic so-called "Food for Peace" pro- their grow own, and we will demand population soared past 500 million, gram. Under it since 1954 we had evidence that they are doing more to — — called on us last November for more been either giving away our food sur- tlieinselves, before feed simply giving millions of bushels of wheat. Instead of pluses to hungry lands, or selling them them food. promptly shipping it, we delayed while THE ROCKEFELLER FOUNDATION we called on India ( 1 ) to give its own food production a higher priority and (2) to accept more help from us toward tiiat end. You probably saw in the newspapers that we were called "heartless" for thus holding up emergency wheat shipments to a starving land.

Nothing heartless about it. Our new food program for hungry nations was forced upon them and upon us by the hard-boiled facts of the situation. If anything will save these nations from more ghastly famines in the future, our new effort to make them feed themselves, and

to help them do it, is it. And it will be a crusade of enormous proportions and complexity. The facts are inescapable. The old cliche that while one third of the world

is well fed, two thirds of its people are

underfed, is literally true. The underfed lands ring the world's tropical belt through Asia, Africa, the Caribbean, Central America and northern South America. They extend well north of the tropics in Asia, and south of them in Africa. Already undernourished, their populations are running well ahead of their increases in food production. Meanwhile, the myth that the temper- ate lands could feed them has fallen flat on its face. Since the United States began dis- A partial solution to world hunger—scientific plant breeding. Short wheat (right) raised Mexican yield four times. Explanation is in text of article. tributing its huge food surpluses under

6 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 A. I. D. /Brazil

We supplied the Brazilian meal, above, from our surplus. But now that's becoming impossible

"Food For Peace," the giveaway pro- cotton and tobacco, neither of them very nor older surpluses were sufficient even gram has turned out to be both good and edible. to maintain the previous miserable evil. It led many of the hungry lands The turning point was 1961. In that standards of world nourishment. to rely on us for food as if our largesse year the world as a whole ate more grain This year we are turning vast acreages could continue for all time. Many of than it produced. of idle American farmland back into them turned their eyes to industrial de- Ever since then the human race has production, reversing a policy of cutting velopment—not without encouragement been eating more than it grew, and get- back our acreage that has been continu- from us—and gave food production too ting hungrier. The blow didn't fall in ous for some 30 years. low a priority. 1961. We still had more surpluses on But there is no longer any hope that In 12 years that policy was bankrupt. hand. In the next five years we went United States, Canadian and Australian At the end of 1966 the only farm through our surpluses. In 1966, the evil grain production can be stepped up surpluses left in the United States were day was at hand when neither production (Turn to next page)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 Gone are these surpluses of Kansas wheat. India devoured most of the surplus wheat once

CONTINUED The World's Crisis in Food and What Must be Done About it

enough to feed the world on a permanent quently echoes to the cries of insensate under control. Dr. Malthus might be basis. mobs in New Delhi or Santo Domingo, proved permanently wrong. Solving just It is estimated that if we farm all of or to riots and repressions in Red China. one of these problems can delay the evil our lands at top production, the world's But by and large the full tale is only day. If we solve neither, that day is on appetite will bypass us in the 1980's told—after the manner of our time—in top of us now. even at present standards of undernour- dry-as-dust economic figures, statistical Lester R. Brown, of the U.S. Depart- ishment. If we still take the approach surveys, census reports and projections. ment of Agriculture, has spelled out the that we can feed the world, forecasters The population projections, if things food and population dilemma in great read nothing into present trends but in- keep on as they are going, exceed the detail in several competent top-level re- calculable worldwide disaster. The figures gloomy prediction of the celebrated old ports. In 1966, he notes, the world pro- force three conclusions beyond all de- English economist Dr. Malthus, back duced as much food as it did in 1965. bate: around 1800. But there were nearly 65 million more

1. All of the hungry nations must His dismal forecasts of an overpopu- mouths to feed! vastly step up their own food production. lated world racked by starvation, disease India took nearly a quarter of all U.S. 2. The population explosion must be and war were in the main stalled off for wheat in 1966—delivered in what was stemmed. one and a half centuries by the advent "possibly the largest armada of ships

3. Time is running out as it never has of the great productive capacity of the since D-Day." Our wheat supported 60 before. Industrial Revolution. As things look million Indians—but, Brown notes, it This is a story that should be told to now, that was only a delay. failed to improve their diets! New, a thunderous orchestration of Wagnerian The new U.S. policy is a bid for a hungry mouths appeared to spread it music, at its most dismal awfulness, while world Agricultural Revolution to stall thin. a visual spectacle of the Four Horsemen off Dr. Malthus one more time. // we Even the well-fed countries will have of the Apocalypse traces a skull-and- succeed in getting the hungry lands to 200 million more mouths to feed by bones trail of destruction across the skies. produce far more food themselves, and 1980, if present trends continue.

True, the stage of the drama fre- // the population burst can be brought The nations that are already under-

8 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • Ml ;H 1967 :

3 PHOTOS FROM BLACK STAR

stored in this WW2 mothball fleet on the Hudson River. Gone are these Iowa corn surpluses.

nourished will have one hillion more 3. They should do all of this imme- old age. If they can get started on the people then. diately. road to produce more crops on the same The food for them is nowhere in sight How very simple! land with less labor, and even to be able —and that's only the start. As a matter of fact, much has been to put aside cash, this need for many By the year 2000—now only 33 years done—but at a rate that is only losing children as old-age security will diminish. off—the world will have 3 billion more ground the world around. Japan has The entire world food-and-population people than now, at the present rate of taken effective steps to control its birth- situation is full of such potential checks increase—up from 3 billion to 6-plus bil- rate. So have the Free Chinese on and balances which will work only after lion, more than double the present popu- Taiwan. India is moving in that direc- something else works first.

lation! tion under a government sponsored Therein is the great dilemma. In terms of matching food to popula- birth-control program whose only failing The list of problems that can only be

tion, the dilemma of the year 2000 has is that it is still a long, long way from solved when something else is solved at the world by the throat now, in 1967. catching up with the birthrate. the same time makes up a jigsaw puzzle In principle, nothing is simpler than a But birth control, of course, is a sen- designed by the devil. Many pieces have statement of the solution to all three sitive subject that comes in conflict with to be put together at the same time, or

problems deep-seated traditions and religious prin- they don't fit.

1. All tropical lands and the hungry ciples, so there is nothing simple about Primitive farmers have good reasons non-tropical lands can vastly increase it at all. for refusing to use fertilizer that could their food production by adopting the The population explosion nevertheless increase their yields as much as ten most advanced farming, and other food- has some automatic checks. Once a times; for refusing to invest in machinery business, methods and abandoning their people start prospering, family size tends that could help them produce more; for primitive ways of raising and distributing to become smaller. The poorer families refusing to invest in improved seeds to food. They should do this, with an eye have the most children everywhere, and insure bigger and better crops; for refus- both to producing much more food, and so do the poorer nations en masse. ing to plant wheat on higher and unused to producing food that offers better nu- The subsistence-level farmers in the soil beside their rice paddies, and so on trition than their present, badly-balanced hungry lands are strongly motivated to and on. (protein-short) diets do. raise large families. Having many sons Their reasons are many and different. 2. All nations that are becoming over- and daughters is their only guarantee of They help to explain why one Indian crowded should take effective steps to hands to till the land when the labor be- village ate a gift shipment of improved bring their birthrates under control. comes too much for the parents in their seed; why Burmese farmers once took

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 CONTINUED The World's Crisis in Food and What Must be Done About it money, sent to them to improve their acres, and used it to gild their pagodas; why, if they come upon some extra cash, many primitive farmers will spend it on jewels, weddings or funerals, instead of trying to earn even more by improving their acres. Here are some of the reasons they would give you. Answers to them must virtually recapitulate the agricultural history of the United States in much less time.

Reason 1. "What would I do if I f^iew more titan my family can eat? The near- est market is 35 miles away and the roads to it are so bad that I can only take to market what I can carry on my hack."

For this" reason," the United States will press upon the hungry lands the need for ever better roads to markets. Much has been done, yet millions of farmers are still too remote from markets to dispose of extra food if they should grow it. Without the "railhead at Dodge" the Texas longhorns were worthless, and the Kansas wheat plains, too. Reason 2. "// / buy expensive seed, machinery and fertilizer I must first borrow money. The rate of interest is high. A U.S. farm expert compares bullock to tractor for Indian farmers. If the crop fails or food prices fall I will never get out of debt." For these reasons the United States will press upon the hungry nations top priorities for easier credit structures for their farmers. We will throw aid that way and support the UN and other international agencies in pushing farm-credit programs to get them going on a vaster scale. Unlike giving food away, such programs can pay for themselves by creating new riches from the soil. In our own history, the story of the foreclosed mortgage on the farm gave birth to a generation of familiar melo- dramas. The hero arrived from the city at the last moment with a bundle of non- farm cash to save the family acres, and thus win the farmer's daughter. The credit plight of American farmers at the start of this century produced the Populist movement, a farm revolt that split the Democratic Party and propelled William Jennings Bryan to the fore. Though Bryan and his easy-money, free- silver "solution" failed, the farmers' political rebellion helped produce the Chunju fertilizer factory has helped put South Korea on road to food sufficiency. Rural Bank Act of 1914, first of a long series of U.S. federal farm credit acts. empty plains to the breadbasket of the and the price will surely drop. The deal- They reduced the excessive risk borne world. Aid to get started must come on ers who have warehouses will make by our farmers in borrowing against un- an international basis, and efl'ective per- money, but we farmers will only have grown crops, and relieved them of a suasion to act, and act fast and big, must worked harder and gone into debt for shortage of money to borrow on any accompany such offers of aid. less. There is no place near here where terms but usury. Reason 3. "// all of the farmers in this we can store grain to sell throughout the The hungry nations today haven't the province raise bigger crops by following year." time to relive the long political turmoil your American advice, we will have to For this reason, the United States will by which we evolved from a land of dump it all on the market at harvest time offer aid and persuasion to help the

10 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 hungry lands create far more storage Reason 4. "/ do not know how to use pansion of fertilizer production, etc., etc. facilities for farmer-owned crops, and in fertilizer. My neighbor used some last We will urge the other well-fed coun- other ways protect productive farmers year. He made some mistake and his tries and international agencies to join in from having to dump their harvests at a crops were burned and withered. His a greater effort. We will seek to accel- loss. family would have gone hungry had I erate the training of farmers in schools Throughout American history the not shared my own small crop with him." and on-the-farm in dozens of countries. bumper crop was disaster to the farmer. The same thing applies to the non-use Technical help has to reach down to the By producing plenty he suffered, so long of pesticides, special seeds, and new last man who is involved in food. as each farmer was in competition with kinds of crops; and to neglect of a thou- The development of better food-pro- each other during one brief selling sand ways by which, in these lands, duction know-how abroad has a million period. He sold at the buyer's hard, low farmers, food processors, packagers, ramifications and no end to its future. price or let his crop rot. The great shippers and marketers could improve In our own history, the squalid, run- American farm cooperatives were their products and services better to feed down, ineflficient American farm of the formed to pool crops in farm-owned their hungry billions. They don't know past was not transformed into the now- silos, bins and warehouses. Our federal how to do it. dominant, neat, modern, efficient U.S. program of cutting back acreage, and the For these reasons, the United States farm by accident. Our revolution in farm-science and farmer education had PERMISSION BY WASHINGTON, D.C. EVENING STAR—GIB CROCKETT much to do with it. It began in our land- grant agricultural colleges with their teaching and their research. It spread to Tott're Got to Learn to Use This!* their extension services for practicing farmers, to the services of the Depart- ment of Agriculture, and to the creation of county agents to advise farmers in new developments and efficient production in every farming county in the United States. The hungry lands have not been stand- ing still in technical aid to farmers—but the world crisis demands that they go from a walk to a sprint, and the United States has resolved to fire the starting gun. The hungry lands must also develop their own great national agricultural scientific institutions. We don't have all the answers to their special problems. Nobody knows what may be done with their leached-out, rainwashed soils once their potentialities have been explored as we have explored the potentialities of our own drier, richer soils. Pioneering in hybrid seeds for the tropics shows that there is ample room for miracles. Take U.S. wheat as applied to Mexico. It was not bred to produce large yields per acre, but rather to survive in the relatively dry soil of millions of available U.S. acres. In Mexico, the farmer with much less land needs a seed that will produce more wheat per acre by irrigating and

fertilizing it. When he did that to our plains wheat, its yield soared. But the stalks collapsed from the load and fell over, making harvesting all but impossible. The Rockefeller Foundation helped develop a hybrid wheat with a short, The hungry nations must grow their own—but fast. thick stalk that would still stand up to be seemingly insane government-supported will accelerate its technical aid to hungry harvested when loaded with a beard pig-killing program of the Depression lands. It will urge more participation grown fat from much water and ferti- were designed to protect farmers from abroad by U.S. food industries in a host lizer. In Mexico, that hybrid has in- the in bankruptcy of plenty the market- of fields—growing, transporting, packag- creased the wheat yield 400% ! Virtually place. ing, processing and marketing foods; the same thing has been developed for The hungry lands today need bumper development of hybrid seeds to solve heavily fertilized rice by an international crops, but can hardly expect them where- thousands of special problems; crop di- institution in the Philippines. ever everyone stands to gain but the man versification; the commercial manufac- Such things don't happen overnight. who produces the food. ture of better-diet foods, and the vast ex- {Continued on page 38)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 11 THE "Good Old Days'

// you want to lose your shirt in the Market today, you can't get as much help

as you could back when Dan I Drew and his pals tried to skin Commodore Vanderbilt

of his millions with the public sucked in on the deal for good measure.

By ROBERT SILVERBERG

ABOUT 100 YEARS ago, somc business associates of Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt tried to do the old man one in the eye

L. while he was off traveling in Europe. When the Commodore, founder of the Vanderbilt fortune, got wind of what was up, he wrote them: "Gentlemen: Yoii have undertaken to cheat me. I will not sue you, for law takes too long. I will ruin you. Sincerely yours, Cornelius Van Derbilt." He did, too. That was the way Wall Street worked in the days of our country's rapid expansion in the years immediately before and after the Civil War. Oysters were a dime a dozen, women enhanced their voluptu- ousness with bustles, Indian braves patrolled the Wild West, and the financial world was a poker game with its share of marked cards and fantastic bluffs. "What do I care about the law?" the same Commodore

Vanderbilt once cried. "Hain"t 1 got the power?" And it was his son who summed up the philosophy of an entire era in one memorable phrase: "The public be damned!" Fortunes were made one week, lost the next. A glorious rush for unearned wealth was on. It was a different time, with different laws and different moral standards. In the context of the era, what might be a crime today was only a cagey deal then. The big market operators were ruthless in the pursuit of the unearned buck. So too were the small operators, and much of the public. It was not a time of innocence. The little investor clung to the idea of an unregulated, uncontrolled market just as passionately as any Vanderbilt or Gould. Few laws regulated the doings of the financiers. They were free to rig the market as they pleased, for it was a legitimate part of the game to manipulate. They rigged to their hearts' content, celebrating their coups afterward at Delmonico's or Luchow's. Any man might run a few dollars into a few millions— if he played the game cleverly enough. The odds against success were great, but the rewards were fantastic. In those wild, unpoliced days, the Securities and Exchange Commission did not exist and the government did not regard it as part of its functions to regulate the financial world. Through a whole artillery of methods, now illegal, the shrewd speculator could hope to make his pile. Of all the Wall Street operations that are now outlawed, the "corner" on the market produced some of the most spectacular results. The corner was a technique of speculators to take advantage of other speculators who had "sold short." The game started when one speculator borrowed a lot of stock and

it at high market price, in the belief that its price would drop. sold a Artist Howard Pyle depicted disbelief and panic in faces If he were right, the price would drop, and he'd buy enough back at the set of 1873 market crisis, a financial failure precipitated 12 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 that could happen by design to a short seller if some of his fellow operators, getting wind of how short he was sold, Street should quiedy buy up the stock in question until they controlled most of the available shares. Now, in order to re- lower price to repay the shares he had place the borrowed shares he'd sold, he already borrowed and sold. Plainly, if might have to pay them any price they

he sold the borrowed shares at $ 1 00 and should demand. They would have engi- was able later to buy the same number neered a corner on the market. at $25 to repay his debt, he could make The short seller must return the stock $75 a share on the deal. That's "selling he has borrowed, and his dilemma, when

short," and it is still a legitimate, though he guesses wrong, is summed up in this regulated, operation. immortal jingle:

Selling borrowed stock short is a risky He who sells what isn't his'n business—unless, as sometimes hap- Must pay it hack or go to prison. pened in the old days, a big operator The author of that classic couplet was had the means to force the price down one Daniel Drew, a salty old character when he was ready. Some of the famous who was involved in some of the most short sellers controlled the companies spectacular corners of that period. Drew

ERIK S. ItONIiERO COLLECTION

By 1870, the ticker-tape indicator had become the investor's lifeline to the Stock Market. Clubs and restaurants installed them for their guests (sketch above, Delmon- ico's in New York City), enabling them to make or lose money without inconvenience.

whose stocks they sold short, and could was born in upstate New York in 1797 force the price down at will by manu- and lived a boyhood of grinding rural facturing bad news. Before the law put poverty. Then he prospered in the cattle

a stop to it, a man might get rich by de- trade, where he learned a variety of stroying his own company—selling it shady trading techniques that he later short first, and wrecking it later to make practiced to great advantage on Wall the price of its stock collapse. Street. He was a Bible-quoting fellow One of the great risks of selling short who spoke in the language of a hayseed is that there is no fixed limit to what you among the city slickers. can lose if the operation fails. If you In 1854, when Drew had already par- simply buy a stock at $100 and its price layed a goodly fortune and had become drops to nothing, you can't lose more a director of the Erie Railroad, he

than $100 a share. But if you sell it short loaned the line $1,500,000. Three years

at $ 1 00 and the price should rise to, say, later, in the panic of 1857, the Erie's fi-

$1,000, that's what it would cost you nances collapsed. Its successive pro-

when it came time to pay back the shares prietors had plundered its treasury scan- you'd borrowed. In this case you could dalously. As the chief creditor. Drew lose $900 a share. took possession of the Erie. Now he had

In the "good old days" something like a railroad of his own. That it was nearly

THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 13 THE "Good Old Days" on Wall Street broke didn't bother him, for there were the shorts to let them cover—at $179 a more ways to make money out of it than share! by hauHng freight. The great Harlem corner of 1 864 cost Drew's intimate knowledge of the a lot of lesser would-be Daniel Drews Erie's affairs allowed him to speculate a fancy sum. They had mixed in this to great advantage in its stock. (Today, battle of titans in hopes of turning a it's illegal for a company executive to quick and easy profit themselves; and make short-term transactions in the com- those who imitated Drew's moves suf- pany's shares.) Drew would sell Erie fered Drew's penalty. short (something totally forbidden for A few years later, Vanderbilt wanted an executive today) and then announce a state charter for his railroad, and Drew bad news, such as a dividend cut. The saw a chance to recoup his losses by sell- stock price drop, then would and Drew ing Harlem short again. would buy back the shares that he'd bor- First Drew spread rumors that Boss rowed. His activities with Erie stock Tweed would see that such a charter was gave canny old "Uncle Daniel" many Cornelius Vanderbilt available. That sent Harlem up from 75 millions of dollars. to 150 in a week. Then Drew started Drew's success helped inspire Cor- borrowing stock and selling it at its fancy nelius Vanderbilt to grab a railroad of new price. his own, and try to do the same. It should Next he bribed the lawmakers in Al- be noted, however, that Vanderbilt was bany to vote down the charter Vander- also genuinely interested in developing bilt wanted. (The Commodore was transportation. He had built important coastal and Atlantic shipping lines, start- CURRIER & IVES—ERIK S. MONRERG COLLECTION ing as a young man operating a ferry between Staten Island and New York City. Three years older than Drew, he was just as hard-boiled, just as ambitious for ever more wealth, and had few equals as an operator in the market under the easygoing rules of those days.

Vanderbilt picked the New York & Daniel Drew Harlem as his private railroad in 1862. He began buying stock in this line at $9 a share. As he removed stock from the market its price naturally rose. First to $50. then to $100. This suggested a coup to Daniel Drew. It was the era of Boss Tweed's corrupt rule over New York. Drew persuaded Tweed to have the Harlem Railroad's franchise repealed. The New York state In the late 19th century, railroads moved legislature did so, but first the legislators west, and set off some of the most ruth- and Drew sold Harlem stock short. As less conniving in stock-market history. Drew and the legislators offered stock for short sale, Harlem shares fell from bribing the legislators too. Drew simply 100 to 72. outbid him.) The charter was refused, But there they stuck and would go no and Harlem stock skidded 50 points in Jay Gould lower! two days. But then it started rising!

Vanderbilt was absorbing all available Once again, Vanderbilt had cornered stock at that price. the market, tossing $5 million into it to The puzzled short sellers sensed that buy Harlem stock. When the price something was amiss, and they were reached $285, he cried, "Put it up to a right. Drew and his cohorts had sold thousand!" But he relented and accepted

1 37,000 shares short—27,000 more than a price of $285 from the beaten shorts, happened to exist. Vanderbilt had gloating that he had "busted the whole quietly, through dummies, been lending legislature, and scores of the honorable them the stock they were selling, includ- members had to go home from Albany ing shares that they had already bor- without paying their board bills." rowed and sold two or three times. He Cornering the market was a favorite then called in his stock loans. There was speculative trick all through the great no Harlem stock available for purchase heyday of the giant manipulators. In on the open market. "Stand and deliver," 1901, a corner in the stock of the North- the Commodore declared, naming his ern Pacific Railroad, led by banker J.P. own price. He obligingly sold stock to Jim Fisk Morgan and railway tycoon E.H. Harri-

14 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 man, sent Northern Pacific stock up from where he was born in 1836, Gould had a when Gould was made its president and he into he Fisk ran the show in league with 1 12 to 1000, and touched off a national go at mapmaking. Then went and monetary panic. the tannery and leather business—a brief Drew. The enormous expansion of the But when a promoter named Allan career in which his practices were nation in that era seemed to make wealth Ryan tried to corner the stock of Stutz "sharp to the point of knavery," notes for the railroads almost beyond the Motors just after World War 1, the New the Dictionary of American Biography. power of the speculators to damage them York Stock Exchange blew the whistle At the age of 27 he showed a talent in permanently, unless they should try on him. He ran the price of Stutz up to railway management. He managed one harder. $1000 by squeezing the short sellers. small railway line, then bought and re- Now they tried, and gave the Erie such Then the Exchange suspended all deal- organized another. He had already be- wounds that it needed nearly three-quar- ings in the stock. The shorts were off come a broker in rail stocks in New ters of a century to recover. the hook. Stutz fell to 20 and Ryan went York. Piling up some money, he at- The Erie's ability to run ahead of bankrupt. tached himself to Daniel Drew in the Drew's syphon had excited a new vision A corner in Piggly Wiggly Stores stock early 1860's. in the mind of Commodore Vanderbilt. By this time he had parlayed his Harlem in 1923 ended the same way. When BROWN BROS. things got out of hand, the Exchange Railroad shares into control of the New halted trading. Today, short squeezes York Central, the Erie's chief competitor. It still happen, but never with the disas- seemed to him a good idea to trous impact of the 19th century railway grab the Erie and eliminate the compe- battles. tition, at the same time picking up a fat treasury his old Another pet trick of those tough old corporate and undoing boys was "watering the stock." This rival, Drew, for good. Vanderbilt began buying Erie stock phrase is sometimes traced to a trick at- tributed to Daniel Drew's boyhood as a in the open market, hoping to take the his two young cattle drover. Drew, the story goes, once road away from Drew and brought a herd of lean, stringy cows to lieutenants, Fisk and Gould. market, and spent the better part of a He bought all the Erie stock that was night feeding them salt. In the morning, offered, and eventually he had it all. the cows were magnificently thirsty, and He even had more than all, for Drew Drew let them drink their fill. Soon they had dumped thousands of shares of un- In 1938, Stock Exchange President were bloated and sleek-sided, though issued stock on the market that he was Whitney admitted using investors' funds nothing but salt holding as security against a $3V2 mil- they were filled with to cover stock deals. Laws that ended and water. the "good old days" got him convicted. lion loan he'd made to the Erie. Drew took his cows to market, and reputedly sold them to a butcher associate of his named Henry Astor, who happened to be John Jacob Astor's brother. Astor paid a stiff price for the fine fat cows, and was sorely troubled by night- fall when shrinkage set in and the herd returned to normal dimensions. And so, the story continues, the term "watered stock" was born. True or false, it's a neat picture of what the phrase means. On Wall Street, watered stock is stock issued with no underlying assets behind

it. If you own stock in a company, and if the company now doubles the amount of its outstanding stock without getting anything of value for the new issue, the firm has cut the bedrock asset value of your shares in half. Unless, of course, the extra shares are given to the stockholders. Otherwise, such stock is now watered stock. An outstanding example of stock watering again involved both the Erie Railroad and Danield Drew—along with Jim Fisk and Jay Gould.

These three were an oddly assorted In 1934, the Securities and Exchange Commission brought needed laws to govern Wall trio. Drew outwardly gave the impres- Street. Joseph P. Kennedy (above, with FDR) was its first administrator, and a good one. sion of a hard-bitten, horsetrading, cracker-barrel philosopher. Fisk was a Drew had by now been manipulating It looked as though the Commodore stout, talkative speculator with a fond- Erie stock for many years. He so openly had cornered the market in Erie, and ness for velvet vests, diamond rings ran the company for his own pleasure then some. and bosomy mistresses. Gould—small, and enrichment that the Erie became Gould and Fisk led Drew into a bold bushy-bearded and intense—seemed in- known as "The Scarlet Woman of Wall enterprise to avoid defeat. At a secret terested in nothing but money, power Street." But in spite of all Drew did to midnight meeting, the Erie board of di-

and railroads. wreck it, the Erie prospered and piled rectors approved the issuance of $ 1 0 mil- As a young man in upstate New York, up a cash surplus of $ 1 6 million by 1 868, (Continued on page 48) THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 15 .

Opposing views by Congressmen on granting

Editor's note: Under the U.S.E.S. broader powers under a new charter U.S. Employment Service (U.S.E.S.) there are state employment offices in most cities, partially supported by the federal government. DOES THE FEDERAL-STATI

"new charter" for the United States Employment cates that of 114,000 per- A Service is the poUte description of an ambitious sons remaining unem- power grab that, if successful, would make this agency ployed, 99,000 are virtually "the manpower agency" of the nation. This is the goal unemployable because of established some years ago by its former director, educational deficiencies, Louis Levine. It is a goal toward which USES has been lack of training and work working in countless quiet maneuvers. It is the goal it experience. Fifty percent sought to legitimatize through the Clark-Holland Bill, are under 25 years of age, which fortunately failed of enactment in the closing with their adult lifetime days of the 89th Congress. still ahead of them. Similar The USES received its present charter in the dark conditions are found in all days of the great depression. It was given the task of states. It is a bleak pros- Rep. Frank T. Bow (R-Ohio) finding jobs for the unemployed. This is still its primary pect, indeed, unless the 16th District responsibility, but USES has shortchanged the unem- federal agency assigned this responsibility renders as- ployed in order to extend its activities into services to sistance in training, and in placing these people. Its employers, professional people and those who simply present "charter" gives the USES responsibility and wish to change their jobs. It has sought to have in- ample authority to help the unemployed find work. It dustries assign their personnel functions to the em- has responsibility under the Manpower Development ployment services of the various states. It has tried to and Training Act to train the unemployed. There is no take over the placement services of our colleges and requirement for broader authority or additional legis- universities. It has offered testing and counseling lation. USES should concentrate on the job. services in high schools. In short, its efforts are directed Unless you, as an American citizen, ask your toward a day when any American workingman or Congressman and Senator to take steps to block the woman who seeks a new job will be required to go to government's mammoth manpower grab, you may weU the government employment agency. Every American find that your most basic freedom—the right to decide businessman who seek new employees will have to your own life career for yourself—will soon be the hire them through that agency. Total control of hiring real battlefield victim of the war on poverty. and firing in America by any agency would be a serious blow to our free enterprise system, yet this is the ultimate goal of those who advocate the "new charter" for USES. The problem of unemployment today is serious enough to absorb all of the energy and all of the talent USES can muster. Men and women with skill are in great demand today. They need no federal manpower agency. But those who remain unemployed have great need for assistance. A recent survey in Ohio indi-

If you wish to let your Congressman or one of your Senators know how you feel on this big

16 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 EMPLOYMENT SERVICE NEED A NEW CHARTER ?

THE CASE FOR a new organizations for an expanded public employment charter for the Federal- system. State Public Employment A bill was considered by the Congress last year, Service is a simple one. which did not go to either of these extremes. It would This system has existed have preserved the essential Federal-State nature of now for nearly a third of a the system, while strengthening the tools which the century, without major Secretary of Labor could use in providing services to legislative alterations. The the states. system has been given The Federal-State Public Employment Service badly many additional tasks over needs updating. It needs a legislative mandate to use the years, including opera- modern equipment for interstate job clearance. Tech-

Rep. Elmer J. Holland (D-Pa.) tion of the unemployment niques for improvement and exchange of personnel 20th District compensation system and are needed. It needs amendments to enable the Secre- referring people to manpower training programs. The tary of Labor to see to it that federal standards are time has come for a thorough examination of the sys- being followed in such areas as equality of job oppor- tem, and for legislative updating. tunities and manpower training. We need means to The controversy does not center on whether the utilize the talents and skills of the private sector of the system needs updating. The arguments go to the kind employment service business, to work with the public of changes that are needed. Private employment sector to do the job that neither can do alone. agencies, for example, have energetically demanded What is NOT needed—and WHAT NO ONE HAS that the Public Employment Service be limited to help- SERIOUSLY SUGGESTED—is legislation to elimi- ing the unemployed and the disadvantaged find work. nate the private agencies, to require everyone to This would require a basic alteration in the Wagner- register with the public service, or to create a new Peyser Act, which mandated the service to assist any- "totally federalized employment czar." But aside from one "legally qualified to engage in gainful occupations" those proposals, which no one supports, I know of little to find work. quarrel with the proposition that the Public Employ- Another segment of opinion contends that the sys- ment Service needs a new charter. tem should be changed from its present Federal-State cooperative setup to one which would be completely federal in its operation. In 1931, President Hoover vetoed the first effort to set up a cooperative Federal- State system on the grounds that the service ought to be wholly federal in nature. And in the following year, Hoover's Secretary of Labor, W. N. Doak, opposed a Federal-State system on the same grounds, citing the support of the American Legion and other veterans' I have read in The American Legion Magazine for March the arguments in PRO & CON: Does The Federal-State Employment Service Need A New Charter?

IN MY OPINION THE FEDERAL-STATE EMPLOYMENT SERVICE issue, fill out the "ballot" and mail it to him. DOES DOES NOT NEED A NEW CHARTER. SIGNED ADDRESS.

TOWN STATE_

! 1 You can address any Representative c/o U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, D.C.; any Senator c/o U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 17 Unfit Drivers ON OUR Highways

By RAYMOND SCHUESSLER There is a growing body of opinion in the United States, much of it expert, that stricter heahh standards must be applied to the licensing of auto drivers. Dr. Harold Brandaleone, who studied the problem professionally, estimated that proper health screening of drivers might eliminate 100,000 injuries and as many as 2,000 deaths on the highway each year. Dr. Brandaleone is chairman of the Committee on Standards for Motor Vehicle Drivers of the Industrial Medical Association. Doctors must have a role in certifying drivers, he said, because unsafe driving is closely connected to the "physical, mental, emotional and physiological impairments" of individ- The unbelievable story of drivers who uals. A wealth of clear-cut accident cases on the record supports his view, and it keep their licenses long years after they is a certainty that many unexplained accidents have also been caused by some physical, mental or personality disorder on the part of one of the drivers in- are physically unfit to drive safely. volved. A few years ago, five schoolgirls in Buffalo, N.Y., were run down and killed by a car doing 70 mph on the women, when, as the 79-year-old driver it. Massachusetts authorities connect sidewalk. The licensed driver had suf- told police, he "blacked out" at the heart attacks at the wheel with 700 acci- fered a convulsion at the wheel. He had wheel. Florida police stopped a car that dents in that state in one year in which a history of epilepsy. A similar accident was moving slowly, straddling the mid- the drivers survived and could be ex- from the same cause killed three people dle of a highway. The aged driver examined. in Syracuse, N.Y. A car in Miami plowed plained that he couldn't see well, so he Dr. F. H. Mayfield. a Cincinnati neu- into a group of pedestrians, killing two kept on the painted midline and watched rosurgeon, has estimated that 5% of the

18 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 cide to kill themselves and take others with them. A periodic mental patient gunned his car to 100 mph going the wrong way in a lane of the Pennsylvania country's 90 million drivers are subject Turnpike. At times he drove with the to convulsive diseases alone. Even more go from his teens to old age without a lights off as state troopers tried franti- conservative estimates of "sickness at second look at his physical ability to cally to flag other cars off the road. He the wheel" are hardly cheering. drive being taken by the licensing au- finally died under a tractor-trailer barri- Dr. A. L. Chapman, of the Division thorities in most states. As a result, cases cade placed across the road. of Accident Prevention of the U.S. Pub- of people who go on driving as their eye- Many problem drivers are found to lic Health Service, has suggested that sight fails keep cropping up. A classic be mentally unbalanced, though licensed. whenever a doctor makes a routine ex- case is that of a farmer who drove off a In Detroit's traffic court, some 10,000 amination of anyone over 16, he should highway and killed himself. Police found drivers who were frequently arrested for give him an appraisal of his physical that, though he was licensed, he had been traffic violations have been examined competence to drive. His view recognizes blind and his navigator was an eight- over a period of about 17 years. A hun- that the unfit driver can kill himself as year-old boy who sat on his lap and gave dred were so nearly insane that they well as others, and suggests a responsi- him directions. ought to have been in a mental hospital. bility of doctors to their patients quite Mental illness has time and again About 850 were feeble-minded or bor- apart from any licensing law. caused accidents, sometimes deliberate derline feeble-minded, and roughly 1,000 Most license renewals don't keep up ones. The car is a weapon with which were former mental patients with dan- with changes in a driver's health. He can some suicidally inclined psychopaths de- gerous tendencies. It is not uncommon

THE AMER ICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 19 CONTINUE ^ Highways Unfit Drivers on Our offense. He had a batch of summonses he hadn't bothered lor drivers who cause accidents as a re- for drunken driving a year later. Never- in his pocket which went to jail, but kept his sult of personality disorders to be re- theless, he got back on the road again to answer. He license. Although all 50 states refuse li- manded to jail, yet either keep or soon to kill five people in his latest accident. addicted to alcohol or get back their driver licenses. In another case, an examination was censes to persons insane, most of There are any number of personality ordered for a commercial driver who had narcotics, or who are for thorough en- disorders that are far short of insanity, been ticketed more than 200 times. His them have little to go by except: (1) the applicant's but which still make dangerous drivers. license had previously been suspended, forcement statement when first applying for a license, or (2) what is uncovered after an accident or violation. Many bus companies give stringent physical and mental coordination tests to their drivers and job applicants. The general experience is that 35% fail. One large bus company, after instituting such tests, saw its total accidents of all kinds (including minor ones) fall from 10,178 to 5,669 in one year. While some of the drivers were permanently disqualified, many others were found to have disabilities that were corrected as a result of the testing. One of the problems in controlHng the situation by law is the setting of standards. If everyone who might have a heart attack at the wheel were ruled off the road, that could rule us all off. Dr. Vincent Adams used a device that simulates driving situations at Wyckoff An aged Florida driver could only see where he was going by straddling the midline. Heights Hospital in Brooklyn, N.Y.. to probation and A common one among these is alcohol- but he had been placed on compare cardiac patients with others. He to pile up of- ism, which is often associated with in- continued to drive—and found many heart patients to be over- ability to face responsibilities. Then, fenses. responsive and excitable at the wheel. there are the aggressive deviations from A drunken driver was brought into the norm, such as the "the world owes me court with several arrests for the same a living" type who has no regard for the persons or property of others: and the show-olf who. disturbed by feelings of inferiority, must gain status by getting ahead of everyone in traffic.

There is something wrong with the mind, the body or the personality of

nearly all "accident prone" drivers who are repeatedly involved in accidents or

violations. People who are fit for driving in mind and body may have fatal lapses. but they simply don't mismanage their ^ duties at the wheel time after time after time. An examination of trailer-truck accidents in one state on a single day (which killed nine people and injured six others) revealed that two of the truck drivers had bad safety records in other states. One who had lost his license in another state

had it restored only to have it revoked A totally blind driver, guided by a boy, killed himself in a wreck.

20 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 A suicidally inclined psychotic went 100 mph the wrong way on the Pennsylvania Turnpike.

They averaged six artificial accidents for to be lenient where license revocation is a gasoline tanker-truck in Los Angeles. every three for non-cardiacs. They often indicated, because it is so crippling to The driver was in good health, except overbraked, oversteered or were over- an individual's freedom or even Uveli- for a large tumor on a major heart artery! cautious. To set any screening program hood to be denied the right to drive a car Sympathy for the economic problem of for them as drivers, he felt that some- in our motorized society. professional drivers who are ruled off thing more than a stethoscopic examina- There is the case of a 50-year-old bus the road probably tends to lead to such tion would be needed. driver who had a severe heart attack lenient decisions, though the chance of It is also plain that doctors should two years ago and remains slightly hyper- their being fatal to innocent bystanders not set their own individual standards tensive, and who presently drives a pas- then remains. Perhaps if unfit commer- under any compulsory program of driver- senger bus on six-hour runs. cial drivers are to be rigorously denied health testing, but should ". follow guide- One doctor said that . . if he were licenses, labor-management agreements lines established on an official basis, in- properly advised not to be hurried and should help guarantee them safer em- cluding a consensus of medical opinion. not to make frequent jerking pulls on the ployment with their firms.

As you will see further along, this has steering wheel he could resume his What is to be done about the total been done in Pennsylvania—with star- duties." situation? Voices calling for action are tling revelations and general public ac- Another doctor said that it seemed getting louder. There are many sugges- ceptance. "incredible" that he should carry pas- tions, and some laws, among which we Individual medical opinion can vary sengers, no matter what advice he were will save Pennsylvania's for the dessert. too widely. It can be too tough or too given. Under California law. doctors must lenient. Doctors and judges often tend In another recent case a doctor certi- make a report to the State Department ILLUSTRATED BY JOHN HUGE fied a man as medically qualified to drive {Continued on pa;^e 44)

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 21 U.S. ARMY—DEPT. OF DEFENSE

The Story of Arlington's "Old Guard" Regiment

By PRISCILLA M. HARDING

The men of the 3D Regiment. Here, they go through a maneuver, one of many for which they ar<

22 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 Here's a look at the regiment that carries out the mihtary ceremonies in Washington and Arhngton today.

Here's a close look at one of the most famous regiments in the United States Army and, today, un- doubtedly the most unique. You probably recognize it immediately as the "Old Guard," or the 3D Infantry Regi- ment—the performer of ceremonies at Arlington, the guard- ian of the Tomb of the Unknowns. You've probably seen its members in the flesh at Arlington, and you've certainly seen them on TV. Because of its unique list of honors, the Old Guard has been called one of the "onlyest" outfits in the Army. It has the only authentic fife and drum corps in the Army.

It is the only unit still allowed the use of horses.

It is the only unit that still has muskets in its armory— which are used.

It is the only regiment permitted to "Pass in Review" with bayonets fixed. This commemorates an incident during the Mexican War when the 3D Infantry won the day at Cerro Gordo by storming Telegraph Hill at bayonet point.

It is the only regiment allowed to use the shield of the United States as part of its coat-of-arms. The 3D is the oldest infantry regiment on active duty and allowing it to use the shield is the Army's way of recognizing service given the nation by a regiment which pre-dates our Constitution. Except for the 4th Infantry Regiment, the Old Guard could add another "only": the only regiment which does not wear the usual metal regimental insignia. An Old Guardsman may be identified by his "Knapsack Strap," a black leather strap, a half inch wide—with a bull leather strap, one-fourth inch wide, woven in the middle—which he wears on the left shoulder of his coat. No one knows exactly how the knapsack strap insignia came to be, but it's believed to have originated during the War of 1812. Soldiers of the 3D Infantry were in the habit of weaving strips of rawhide onto the black leather of their knapsack shoulder straps as a means of battlefield identification. After a hard-fought battle (which the Americans won), a British prisoner claimed the Yanks would not have carried the day except for the devils with the odd-looking knapsack straps. On hearing that, the regiment requested and was given official permission to use the knapsack strap as its marking. Be- cause regulations allow only one distinctive marking to a regiment, the knapsack strap takes the place of the metal insignia worn by all other regiments, except the 4th. (The 4th Infantry's regimental badge is a scarlet and green cloth band worn on the shoulder of the coat.) The 3D Infantry was first called the Old Guard by Gen. Winfield Scott during the Mexican War. Because of its brilliant performance, the 3D Infantry was given the honor of heading the column that marched into Mexico City where General Scott was reviewing the troops. As the 3D ap- proached, the General removed his hat, saying to his staff, "Gentlemen, take off your hats to the Old Guard of the Army." Today, the Old Guard has a dual assignment. First, it is

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . MARCH 1967 23 CONTINUED The Story of Arlington's "Old Guard" Regiment

responsible for the security of the nation's capital. To meet this obligation, the 3D trains constantly to maintain a

state of combat readiness. Second, it is the Army's official ceremonial unit in the Washington, D.C., area. Most of this work falls to the 1st Battalion, 3D In- fantry, quartered at Fort Myer, Virginia. From September 1963 to September 1964, Old Guardsmen conducted and participated in over 8,000 ceremonies. Most of these were funerals and wreath- laying formalities at Arlington National Cemetery, but also listed are the state funerals of Presidents John F. Kennedy and Herbert C. Hoover and General of the Army Douglas MacArthur. Other duties of the Old Guard include serving as personal escort to the President, wel- coming visiting dignitaries and providing guards for the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. One consequence of all the ceremonial

tasks is that the 3D Infantry has come

to represent the United States Army to The regiment's first responsibility is to the security of the capital, and to maintain thousands of Americans and foreign vis- combat readiness members take part in maneuvers (above), the same as other GIs.

itors alike. The Old Guard is aware of U.S. ARMY this, admitting to its ranks only those volunteers who are able to meet the regiment's high standards of conduct and appearance. Duty with the Old Guard is a prized assignment. According to one lieutenant: "Men from all over the country volunteer to serve in this regiment.

Standards are high and it's work you can take real pride in." The Old Guard can look back to a lot

of soldiering, some of it in the Indian campaigns. In those days, the saddler, the blacksmith and the stable sergeant were as much a part of Army life as re- veille. These posts have vanished from the whole Army, except at Fort Myer in the Old Guard's Caisson Section. Funerals at Arlington National Ceme- tery are the Caisson Section's main func- tion. You will remember the black draped caisson drawn by three pairs of perfectly matched horses from President

Kennedy's funeral. Although all the animals are saddled, only the three on the left of the caisson are ridden. This is a custom dating back to cavalry days. Then only one horse of a pair was mounted, the other steed carried provisions. There are 28 horses in the section, 16 grays and 12 blacks. They are divided into two groups. Black Horse and White Horse Sections. Six men are assigned to each section, including a sergeant who

is in charge. Unless a particular color is requested for a funeral, the sections are

on duty on alternate weeks. During its week's tour, a section averages two fu- Soldiers of the regiment's "A" Co. maintain a 24-hour vigil at the Tomb of the nerals daily. Unknowns at Arlington, one of the most highly honored duties in the Armed Forces.

24 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 DEPT. OF DEFENSE—U.S. ARMY

The horse-drawn caisson carrying the remains of the late Fife and Drum Corps stands at attention, lower right. Members President John F. Kennedy enters Arlington. The Old Guard's of the regiment participate in all military funerals held here.

Usually, the horses are broken before Why red coats, a color so closely as- for the colonial soldier. The drums, es- being sent to Fort Myer. But the rest of sociated with the British? According to pecially, could be heard over the noise their training, such as learning to work an Old Guard officer, the color served as of battle, so they were very useful as the with the 2,400-pound caisson, is at the a means of battlefield identification for principal means of giving commands Fort. Though most of the volunteers bandsmen (the regular infantry wore once the battle began." have had experience working with blue coats) by direct order of General Fifes and drums regulated the colonial horses, they must now learn the military Washington. soldier's life away from the battlefield style of horsemanship. Riders assume a "General Washington ordered the red too, as the Old Guard demonstrates to- military forward seat in the saddle and coats," the officer explains, "so that the day in "A Day in the Life of a Revolu- ride at attention from the waist up. In fife and drum corps might be distin- tionary Soldier." In this skit the Corps about three months, a newcomer has pro- guished easily through the battle smoke. gives typical calls on the fife— and drum. The corps, with its thundering drums and There is the breakfast call "Peas Upon gressed to the point where he is assigned — to ceremonies. whisthng fifes, became a rallying point a Trencher"; Assembly "The Long Occasionally a chance comes to get ANGELA CALOMIRIS away from the somber tasks at Arlington. Fort Myer's chapel is the scene of many weddings. Following a ceremony, the new couple may leave in a "Marriage Carriage," pulled by a trotter, driven by a member of the Caisson Section. The men also participate in historical re-en- actments portraying noted equestrians from the past. Teddy Roosevelt rides again, thanks to an impersonation by these skilled equestrian actors in "Pre- lude to Taps," presented during the Na- tional Cherry Blossom Festival.

Also featured in "Prelude to Taps" is the Old Guard's Continental Fife and Drum Corps. George Washington would feel right at home with the 29 men of this unique unit out of the Revolutionary past. The uniform of the day is a black tricornered hat, white wig, waistcoat, breeches and stockings, topped off with a bright red greatcoat. Even their instru- ments are of the type used in the 18th century, handmade, rope-tensioned drums; wooden, six-hole fifes, and shin- The Guard follows a basic procedure for all Arlington burials. There are three types ing brass bugles. of military funerals, and the rendition of ceremonies is governed by rank or request. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 25 U.S. ARjry CONTINUED The Story of Arlington's "Old Guard" Regiment

Roll." and what must have been a troop favorite, the whiskey and provisions call —"Roast Beef of Old England." "Torchlight Tattoo," a modified version of "Prelude to Taps," may be seen during the summer months on the grounds of the Washington Monument. Here, marching at the old pace of 90 steps per minute, the Corps breathes life into a Prussian drillmaster's dusty man- ual. In 1779, Baron Friederich Wilhelm von Steuben wrote "Regulations for the |\ Jam / Order and Discipline of Troops in the A United States." Admittedly, not the sort of reading you'd curl up with by the

fire. Nevertheless, the Baron's military how-tos whipped a ragged band of men into a fighting unit at Valley Forge. This

drill, at the Jefferson Memorial, is the Old Guard's salute to the man who helped lay the foundations of American Army discipline. When saluting a reviewing party, the Fife and Drum Corps performs the slow "Troop" of 60 steps per minute. A spectacular contrast to the elegant, stately The Guard's drill team performs at Torchlight Tattoo. Here, the team executes the "Troop" is the snappy, clipped step of rifle toss, and the drillmaster, center, shows faith In his training and In his men. the United States Army Drill Team, also a part of the Old Guard. Working without music cues, marching to a cadence of 140 steps per minute (modern Army

marching cadence is 1 20 steps per minute), the team is in motion constantly. A candidate for the team faces four to six months of arduous work before he is considered ready to participate in the drill. The men work with 1903 Spring-

ANGELA CALOMIRIS

The Fife and Drum Corps, a reminder of the regiment's part in the American Revolution. The Corps was a rallying point during battles, wore red coats for easy identification.

field rifles weighing IOV2 pounds and ence hopes, for the sake of the man in

affixed with chrome-plated bayonets. the middle, it'll be more disciplined than

Their most spectacular maneuver is the abandoned." He was speaking of a little rifle toss. While executing difficult for- exercise performed by four soloists and mation changes, team members toss their the team's drillmaster. The leader stands

bayoneted rifles to one another. It is not in the middle of a formation, surrounded unusual for a rifle to fly 15 feet into the by the four soloists who toss their rifles air and 25 feet to the rear of a column, to each other, narrowly missing the cen-

where it's caught by another man, with- ter man.

out breaking cadence! Because the drill team is part of the " "We call it 'disciplined abandon.' Old Guard's Honor Guard Company, Saddler, blacksmith and stable sergeant exist in today's Army only at Fort Myer. says one Old Guardsman, "but the audi- (Continued on page 53) 26 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 With this opening, author Bester justifies his particular enthusiasm for, and fascination with, uimianned spacecraft. He sets the Drugs, stage for this short, enlightening and com- paratively eas\ look at just liow an un-

manned satellite is planned, developed, laimched and dies. Peddlers The book tells us quite a bit about the kind of men wiio work on our space programs, the pressures they endure and .some- and times succund) to, the schedules and dead- lines they nurst meet. The public, reading about a new launching in the i^apers, may Addicts be aware only of the final triumph. Mr. Bester's book pini^oints the minuscule triumphs along the wa^ that at last cul- minate in that final one. r.sn A narcotics haul of 52 kilograms of opium at Leppo, Syria.

THE TRAIL OF THE POPPY, BE in ending the jsrolitable trade in dope. Dateline Viet Nam, by Jim G. Lucas. HIND THE MASK OF THE MAFIA, Along with detailing exciting and bi/arre A\V,\RD HOUSE, CROWN PUBLISHERS, INC.. by Charles Siragusa, as told to Robert dope-trade cases, Mr. Siragusa's book cites NE\V YORK, N.Y.. ,S4.95. Wiedrich. prentice-hall, inc., engle- such interesting sidelights as the decline News dispatches from the \'ietnam front wooD cliffs^ N.J., §4.95. of the narcotics rackets in the United States lines, covering the period January 1964 to

l or those who like their adventure tales during VV\V2; Mrs. Clare Boothe Luce's i)ari. April 1966. bv a Pulitzer Prize-winning war true to life, Charles .Siragusa's storv of his while she was .American Andjassador lo correspondent. 21 years as an agent of the Federal Bureau Rome, in inliuencing Italv lo change its of Narcotics— tracking down drug harons and narcotics laws and issue a ban on the manu- The American Mole, by Myron Breiuon. street pushers, at home and in tiie far cor- facture of heroin; and the Federal Bureau COWARD-MCCANN. INC.. NE\\' YORK, N.Y., ners of the world—should fill the hill. of Narcotics dealings with Castro at the lime ,155.95. Of Sicilian ancestry and. as a vouth. fa- of his takeover in Cuba. A look at the inlhience the sexual revolu- miliar with some of the roughest .sectio -s of When Mr. Siragusa retired from the Bu- tion and tlie end of Victorianisin have had New York City's "Little Italv." Mr. Siragusa reau he was Deputy Commissioner of Nar- on the current thinkir.g and attitudes ot was, in a sense, well-prepared to lead the cotics, and liis views on the best way to American men. fight against dope racketeers. His book gives treat addicts and to reduce the number of an excellent idea of the magnitude of the addicts in the United States are offered from $$$ and Sense, by Ella Gale, fleet puii- narcotics problem and oilers some frank rea- experience gained in nearlv a cjuarter LISIIING CORP.. NEW YORK, N.Y.. ,'i>5.95. sons whv more progress has not been made of a centurv working with the problem. Connnon sense advice on how to get the most for \ouY money when you are man- aging the family purse strings. Topics Collecting That Tax Dollar covered include: shopping for credit, stores that offer items at Ioav prices, food costs, by concerned is vei v long indeed—as millio.is of INSIDE INTERNAL REVENUE, clothing, household furnishings and equij)- inc., .-Vmericans who ante u]) what tliev owi' l ai h William Surface. co\vard-mccann, mciii. and the selection of a new home. NEW YORK, N.Y., 5)5. year know. It is this legalized duress under Federal spending between 1950 and 1966 which everv taxpaying .American eili/eii The Student and Netv Math, by Jerome tripled and it is our tax dollars that pay the lives, including fear of a tax audil or of T. Murray, henry regnery co., Chicago, government's bills. Just how the govern- having a tax evasion rcjiorted bv g()\eni- ILL.. .S4. <),->. ment's bill collector, the Internal Revenue ment-approved "tax tattlers." that the Understanding the Neiv Math, by Evelyn Service, goes about collecting the desper- author discusses and evaluates. B. Rosenthal. HA^vTHORNE books, inc., ately needed tax dollars is the subject of Since state and local government expen.ses NEW YORK, N.Y., S4.95. Mr. Surface's often disturbing book. are increasing annually, and since, according Two books that seek to make ilie .Americans, he says, are encouraged to to this book, of all the monev presentlv 99% principles of the math currentiv being beVieve that taxes in the United States are collected by the federal govermnent goes to taught in schools understandable to parents collected on a "voluntary" basis, and to the support the federal government. Mr. Surface and students. Mr. Murray's book covers the extent tfiat they are voted for by the repre- offers his readers the dismal prospect of a subject in detail as it is taught from kinder- •sentatives we send to Congress, that is true. never-ending upward tax spiral on all levels, garten to the fourth grade. Miss Rosenthal's Rut the arm of the law wliere taxes are with ever-stricter tax- collection methods. work concentrates on outlining and explaining the elements necessary for understanding "new math": number systems, sets, modu- Prelude to a lar systems, analytic, and Euclidian and non- Euclidian Space Launching geometries. Flying Fortress, by Edward Jablonski. THE LIFE AND DEATH OF A DOUBLEDAY .'i: CO.. INC., GARDEN CITY. N.Y.. S6.95. SATELLITE, by Alfred Bester. little, The legendary B-I7 of WW2 fame and the BROWN X; CO., BOSTON, MASS., §5.95. Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO) satellite. men and missions that were to make her The National Aeronautics and Space Ad- famous are recalled in tliis richly illustrated nunistration (NASA) and the armed forces satellites are busy collecting information history of the four-engine Boeing i>lane, are presently launching some 50 major about physics in the upper atmosphere, geo- designed for heavy precision bondjing. spacecraft a year from Cape Kennedy. Most physics, astrophysics, astronomy, weather, of the publicity surrounding these launch- communications, and the technical effects Books rail be tmrcliased through local book- ings is concentrated on the Manned Space- of space on paints, insulation, plastics and stores or b\ u'riliiig directly lo hook pub- craft program, but unmanned, scientific metals. lishers. Editors

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 27 r

FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVEI.T LIBRARY

Franklin D. Roosevelt's home (left) and the Vanderbilt Mansion. Both National Historic Sites are open to the public. Two Ways of Life at Hyde Park, New York were entertained and ate hot dogs on its name in 1821. The estate was once the estate in June 1939. Franklin and owned by John Jacob Astor—but this Eleanor Roosevelt are buried under a was before the present mansion was plain monument in the rose garden. built. The house is open daily June 15 There is a small admission charge to the through Labor Day; closed Monday house, none to the grounds. In summer during the rest of the year. There is a and on Sundays the lines awaiting ad- small admission charge. mission can be long. In Hyde Park village are the Re- On the grounds are the Museum and formed Dutch Church (congregation Library. The Museum houses all sorts of formed in 1794) where Queen Wil- items relating to the President's career helmina of the Netherlands once at- intriguing, significant, (Readers may find this series of value on —some some tended services; St. James Church future motor trips or of interest to stu- some funny. There is a small admission (1844), attended by the Roosevelts and charge. library is intended seri- wife dents of American history. We suggest The for from which the President and his ous students and to use it an application buried, and St. James Chapel you clip and save each as it appears.) were form must be filed. (1832). By ALDEN STEVENS North of Hyde Park village is the Staatsburg, five miles north, and Field Director, Mobil Travel Guide Vanderbilt Mansion National Historic Rhinebeck, ten miles north, are both his- Site. Frederick W. Vanderbilt, grandson toric towns settled by the Dutch, whose VILLAGE of Hydc Park, N.Y., 90 THE of Commodore Cornelius Vanderbilt, first permanent American colony was miles north of New York City on built this palatial 54-room Italian near Albany (1624). Five miles south is U.S. 9, just north of Poughkeepsie, has Poughkeepsie (site of Vassar College), two contrasting National Historic Sites settled by the Dutch in 1683 and once and offers a glimpse of the Hudson ^KingstonV the state capital. Valley Dutch patroon culture established in the early 1600s. 1967 Motel and Restaurant Info: Park: Very good Golden Manor The Franklin D. Roosevelt Home is of At Hyde — Motel, IV2 miles S on U.S. 9. 38 A/C rooms, interest not only because it was the pool. (914) 229-2157. At Poughkeepsie: Very good—Red Bull Motor Inn, 4 miles S on for birthplace and many years the home U.S. 9. 100 A/C rooms, pool. Restaurant. (914) of our 32nd President but also because 454-8080. Very good—Treasure Chest Inn Res- taurant, 568 South Rd., 3V2 miles S on U.S. 9. it is typical in many ways of the tradi- Lunch, dinner, bar. Closed Tues., Christmas. Specialties: shish kebab, Cornish hen. In 1741 tional well-to-do house of the last cen- it was a Dutch Colonial home. (914) 452-6780. tury. The Vanderbilt Mansion, on the (For other motels and restaurants see Mobil Travel Guide to the Northeast). other hand, typifies great wealth and splendor, and houses expensive furnish- Renaissance house, designed by McKim, Your appreciation of any historic site ings and works of art. Mead and White, in 1898. Without is greatly enhanced if you read about it The Roosevelt home, built about 1826 furnishings, which are elaborate and first. Carl Carmer's "The Hudson" gives and later enlarged by the President's magnificent, the house is said to have a good account of early Dutch settle-

father, is set among beautiful old trees. cost $660,000. ments. There are many good books about

Inside it is unpretentious and homelike. The 2 1 1 -acre estate was the original President Roosevelt. Consult your local Here the King and Queen of England Hyde Park, from which the village took library.

28 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 FOR YOUR INFORMATION The Supreme Court and The Feinberg Law

By NATIONAL COMMANDER

THE Supreme Court has struck down New York's could be that subtle. The problem of a state in trying to Feinberg law, which permitted firing a teacher for prove "illegal intent" in the classroom is akin to proving being a member of the Communist Party. slow arsenic poisoning in a court that will only hear This decision means that our schools are places where evidence of snakebite. children may be compelled by law to absorb the ideology The Feinberg law recognized the special nature of of an antagonistic foreign state—and that no American Communism when it addressed itself to the overt act of state or community shall say otherwise. Party membership. The Supreme Court had its own The new decision subordinates concern for the minds precedents for following suit. Earlier it based school seg- of our children to the imagined right of a Communist to regation rulings on the Court's understanding of the spe- teach in our school systems. It deals expressly with (but cial and subtle effects of segregation. But it ignored the hardly discusses) the membership of public school special and subtle nature of Communism. teachers (and other public servants) in the Communist Its decision time and again repeats an assumption Party. It doesn't deal with belief. Party membership is that the Communist Party issues full membership to an overt act. The Party screens its own, and its members people who are innocent of its aims. The Court tore up must debase their intellects by following every twist and the whole cloth of New York's defenses of its school- turn of the Party line—loyally and blindly. children to protect such imaginary non-Communist Com- States should be permitted to fire teachers who are munists. Should any exist, they could protect themselves Party members on no more exciting grounds than that under the New York law by resigning the Party and their intellectual debasement is out of line with the most showing good faith—as the Court admitted. That leaves fundamental quahfications of an educator. none but hard line Communists to gain from the ruling, No Communist is capable of that freedom of inquiry which now stands as a license for the Communists to that is so essential to good teaching. He has committed step up their 50-year efforts to infiltrate American pub- his mind and soul to a frozen ideology, and in joining lic education. the Party he has volunteered to reshape truth to the The majority Court opinion dwelt chiefly on aspects

directives of the Kremlin or Mao. Such people are fit of the New York law that weren't before the Court. The to teach only in states where minds and bodies are question of Party membership was specifically at issue, enslaved. but barely discussed in the opinion. In the 5-4 decision. Justices Clark, Harlan, Stewart and White called the THE Court has thus intruded beyond its own com- ruling a "blunderbuss" approach with an "artillery of petence into the field of educational competence. words" having a "nonexistent" bearing on either the It does allow that a state may fire a teacher when it case at hand or on the ruling against firing Communist can prove in court that he carries out unlawful Com- teachers that ended the wandering and labored decision. munist intent in the classroom—thus forcing on the state Said Clark's dissent: "No court has ever reached so far the Court's quaint, legalistic notion that the only bad to destroy so much with so little." teaching is unlawful teaching. The decision exempts He is so correct that Congress must do something teachers from disclosing Communist Party membership about this or surrender to the Court its powers and duties as a condition of employment. That ties the hands of a to protect the country. A bipartisan effort of the best state at the very outset in seeking the proofs which the legal and constitutional minds should devise new law Court requires. without delay—a Constitutional amendment if need be. Communist indoctrination of students deals in camou- That might not be easy, but it is unthinkable that an flage and in the subtle cultivation of attitudes, prejudices alien organization should continue to have immunity and pat phrases. Each bit of its teaching may be airily under our highest law to invade our public school sys- innocent, while the whole is to one alien purpose. The tems while our own authorities may not even make ef-

Court decision reeks with the assumption that nothing fective inquiry, let alone act to stop it.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 " " s"

A DIGEST OF EVENTS WHICH VETERANS NEWSLETTER ARE OF PERSONAL INTEREST TO YOU MARCH 1967

PRESIDENT'S VETS AFFAIRS comes) have been suffering net losses MESSAGE TO CONGRESS IS "LANDMARK": for years through reduction or elimi- On January 31 President Johnson de- nation of their VA pensions when livered to Congress a special message their Social Security benefits were slightly It has been on veterans . . . The broad improve- increased ... ments that it called for in veter- a commonplace 'til now that the "wel- ans benefits stand, says the Legion's fare state" as well as the "Great Rehabilitation Director, John J. Society" have aimed to swallow up Corcoran, as a "landmark in veterans veterans benefits in general welfare subtle ground rules affairs." . . . Comparable positions programs, through on veterans affairs previously that slowly ease veterans into more taken by Presidents are fairly well general programs, as if they had not limited to Lincoln's pledge in rendered a special service for their general terras at Gettysburg to "care country . . . President Johnson asked for him who has borne the battle and Congress to take steps to prevent his widow and orphan"; to Harding's loss of veterans pensions when Social support of drastic measures, against Security is increased ... He also pressure from some of his advisors, asked for extension of veterans pensions to Vietnam veterans, which in the mess that followed WWl ; and to Franklin Roosevelt's support of would be a broadening of the pension the then novel WW2 GI Bill drafted by program— and for a 5.4% increase by 1 of pension pay- the Legion in 1943-1944 . . . John- July in the amount son's 1967 message in several ways ments presently paid to eligible shows more Presidential initiative veterans and their dependents . . . than these earlier instances, and it Then, too, on the question of swallow- would be hard to believe that he was ing up the veterans program in gen- not opposed in many of his recoraraend- eral welfare, he said, more broadly: ations by his Budget Director. "Although many (proposed improve- While the greater burden of the ments) in these (general welfare) message seeks full wartime benefits programs will have an important rela- for Vietnam-era veterans (amen) it tionship to veterans and their sur- also takes the lead in urging correc- vivors, we should do more ... We tion of several sore matters that must make certain that (liberaliza- have been largely ignored in Washing- tions of general welfare programs) do ton with respect to veterans of not adversely affect the pensions earlier wars and their dependents paid to those veterans and dependents . . . . The message also stands, notes who are eligible for both benefits Corcoran, as the first Presidential ... No such declarative recognition statement of "where the veteran that veterans must be protected in stands in the Administration's 'Great their own benefits, against mischief Society' . done them by general programs, has It could not be expected that the come from such a high level of gov- President's message should tally pre- ernment within the memory of your cisely with the objectives of the "Newsletter. Legion and other veterans organiza- The message urged raising the limit tions, but while it falls short in on GI insurance for present-day GI ' some areas it goes farther—and is to a top of $30,000, up from a $10,- original — in some others, hence it 000 limit ever since WWl ... It stands as more than friendly compro- is a welcome suggestion, though the

mise . . . For instance it proposes President would hold the $30,000 top that Vietnam veterans who haven't for the highest military pay brackets finished high school may do so on GI . . . The Legion has asked it for Bill aid, without thereby losing en- all . . . The Legion wants income titlement to further GI college or ceilings for pensioners raised, in

. vocational-school aid . . . The pro- view of today's cheap dollar . . posal is fair, reasonable, good for The President didn't mention that ex- the country as well as the Vietnam pressly . . . But he did call for a veterans, and the President had not meeting of veteran's groups and the been strongly pressed in that direc- VA within a year to go over the pro- tion from the outside. gram . . . The message was delivered Older veterans and their dependents as this issue was going to press . . . who get VA pensions (which are The text of its recommendation limited to applicants with low in- will be published here next month.

30 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 NEWS AMERICAN LEGION AND VETERANS AFFAIRS MARCH 1967

newal was reported to state (depart- Legion Membership Records ment) hq. on the line with the member's name and card number. To Be Computerized in 1968 If the binder form is kept from year to year it will be the best and simplest per- Change will affect post as well as state and nation- manent membership record that most posts have ever had—prepared with the al operations; card numbers to take on new meaning. least effort. American Legion membership records be supplied along with the pre-printed As a current record, a quick glance at will be computerized starting with 1968, ones. the sheet will indicate which members are currently paid and which are not. Those and that is a story of particular interest Take the matter of keeping the post's with notations will be paid up. to officers of all local posts. Others may own membership records, previously Previously, the adjutant either typed or may not find it interesting. The com- done by hand, on separate sheets for each his own list or shuffled through a stack of puterization will change—and greatly member, with carbon copies, for for- papers to get this information. simplify—the membership record-keep- warding to higher offices. Such forms will To report membership renewals to ing of every post, in fact—once the new no longer be filled out. higher offices for records and magazine procedures are learned and going For the post's own records, adjutants subscription renewals the adjutant will smoothly—a computer in Indianapolis will receive for 1968 a pre-printed list of no longer have to fill out forms with car- will do the vast majority of work previ- all of the post's 1967 members, each on bons, to report each member. He will re- ously done by hand by post adjutants. a separate line, with room on each line ceive, for 1968, reporting forms with the the matter of issuing Take new mem- for brief notations that will complete the name of a 1967 member pre-printed on bership cards to each member as he pays post's records. The new card number will each one. For each membership renewal his dues. longer will the already be printed the line as the No post adjutant on same that is routine, he will simply validate the type out the name of every member on member's name. The pre-printed list of pre-printed reporting form and send it to the cards to be issued. Instead, for 1 968 members for 1967 will be on a sheet or state hq. Once again he will only have to he will receive cards already filled for putting in out for sheets suitable a loose-leaf fill out complete forms for new members every 1967 member of that post. binder, and it will have blank lines for instead of for every member, and he will When a present member's dues are new members for 1968, with card num- not be plagued with carbon copies. paid for the new year, the adjutant will bers already printed on them. There will be standardized simple pro- simply validate the pre-printed card and For every membership renewal that is cedures for entering incorrect or new issue it to the member. New cards need routine, the adjutant can complete the addresses, deaths, and other corrections, only be filled out for new members of the post's records simply by noting the date on the pre-printed forms. post. Blank cards for new members will dues were paid, and the date that the re- Membership card numbers for 1968

Marine Vietnam Medal of Honor Winner Joins Queens, N.Y., Legion Post

All hands are smiling in photo at right as Vietnam Congres- sional Medal of Honor winner Marine Sgt. Robert E. O'Mal- ley receives The American Legion Medal of Valor from Queens County (N.Y.) Cmdr Edward Connors at a recent testimonial. He was also enrolled as a life member in Blissville Post 727, Queens. At left in photo is PNC James F. O'Neil, publisher of this magazine, representing Nat'l Cmdr John E. Davis, and Dep't Cmdr James Heneghan (white hat). The action for which Sgt. O'Malley won his Medal of Honor took place near An Cu'ong 2, S. Vietnam, Dec. 18, 1965. Then a corporal. O'Malley was leading his squad in an assault against a strong Viet Cong force. His unit was pinned down and suffering heavy casualties. Disregarding his personal safety, O'Malley raced across an open rice paddy, jumped into the V.C. trench line and wiped out eight of them. Another nearby Marine unit, its commanding officer killed, and with several wounded, was also in deep trouble. O'Malley then rallied the remainder of his squad to their assistance. Though himself wounded three times he continued fighting and providing covering fire at the evacuation point for the withdrawal by helicopter. He refused to be evacuated until all his men were safe and the wounded removed. O'Malley, who served with the Third Battalion of the Third Marine Division, is the first Marine to win the nation's highest military decoration in the Vietnam War. O'Neil Connors Heneghan O'Malley THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 31 I

NEWS and later years will take on new meaning. Legion Honored Numbers will be in this form: AOl-0017- 61 Employers During 1966 0026. In this case the A stands for 1968. For Hiring Handicapped and Older Workers The next two digits stand for the state Sixty-one employers around the na- capped and older veterans stimulated the or other Legion department in its alpha- tion received Nat'l American Legion granting of the annual citations. betical order. In this case, AOl stands for citations for good employment practices Handicapped awards are usually made 1968, Alabama. in 1966. in connection with annual Employ the The middle four digits stand for the Thirty-four were cited for their prac- Handicapped Week (first full week in post number within the department. tices in hiring the handicapped, and 27 October), and represent part of the Thus, AO 1-00 17 stands for 1968, Ala- for their practices in hiring older work- Legion's participation in the programs of bama Post 1 7. ers. Sixty-one firms were also honored the President's Committee on Employ- The last four digits stand for the mem- in 1965. ment of the Handicapped. ber for whom the card is issued. Usually, National awards are made on the re- Older worker awards are usually made it will represent his position alphabeti- commendation of a State or other De- in conjunction with the Legion's Hire cally on the post's existing roster. partment organization of The American the Older Worker Week (first full week In this case AO 1-00 17-0026 means the Legion which nominates employers each in May). Among those receiving awards 1968 card for (most likely) the 26th year for the National Hiring-The- in 1966 were commercial firms, govern- member on the 1967 roster, alphabeti- Handicapped Award and the National ment agencies, and educational institu- cally, of Alabama Post 17. Older-Worker Citation. tions. Below is a list of all employers The extra meaning in these card-num- Awards are made by the Legion's receiving National Legion awards in bers can be quite useful in case of error. Nat'l Economic Commission, whose in- 1966: For instance, if Post 17, Alabama, re- timacy with the job problems of handi- ceives 1 968 cards with strange names, its adjutant may note that the middle four y—- licit fjf cffi fJluy ft Ic fl K^iieci jor eiiipiuyineni digits are not 0017. He knows immedi- J of the handicapped older workers ately that he has received the wrong of material. No need for correspondence ALABAMA none Security Engineers, Inc. with state hq. explaining the error, listing Birmingham the cards and forms erroneously re- ALASKA City of Juneau none ceived, and asking for instructions. He ARIZONA Provident Mutual Life none ships them back with a brief note! "Not Insurance Co., Phoenix mine. Send me 0017's." State hq. looks at the numbers and knows exactly where ARKANSAS Lake Catherine Footwear, 1. Jollie G. Griffing they belong. Inc., Hot Springs Railway Repair Long before 1968 dues are due, each Service, El Dorado post will receive a booklet covering all 2. Ward Body Works. anticipated details of the changeover. Conway The booklet is so complete that adjutants CALIFORNIA none none who study it carefully should find the COLORADO none none shift to a new system relatively painless. CONNECTICUT 1. Lyman Gun Sight Corp. none After that, the rewards in libor-s vin? Middlefield and improved record-keeping should be 2. Emhart Corp., New priceless for all concerned. Britain Nevertheless, industrial experience is none none that the shakedown period in computer- DELAWARE izing always has its rough spots. The first DC. none none year is always the hardest. FLORIDA Anodyne, Inc.. Miami none Since some snafus always arise, the GEORGIA Medical Center Hospital, West Georgia Mills, national and state records centers will be Columbus Whitesburg busy. So adjutants are urged to avoid HAWAII James A. McConnell, Amfac Properties, Inc., queries until they carefully check the in- Honolulu Lahaina, Maui struction pamphlet to see if they might IDAHO none none not have missed the answer. 1. Civilian Personnel, Scott none The instruction booklet is quite com- ILLINOIS Air Force Base plete. It includes many procedures to follow in case of errors in national or state 2. Bantam Books, Inc., records as well as procedures for routine Des Plaines corrections. It spells out what to do with INDIANA none none any card or form if the preprinted name IOWA Chittenden and Eastman Loras College, Dubuque is unknown, if the name is misspelled, if Co., Burlington card is missing, if the address needs a KANSAS Mid-States Laboratories, none correction, if the Zip is missing, number Wichita or wrong, etc. KENTUCKY Kroehler Mfg. Co., Texas Instrument Metals Care in carrying out the new pro- Louisville & Controls. Versailles cedures for 1968 will probably greatly B.F. Sons, reduce incorrect records in all future LOUISIANA none Trappey & Inc., East City Limits, years. In this sense the changeover is not {Continued next page, column three) Lafayette

32 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 .NEWS

Cited for employment Cited for employment only a switch to a new and easier system, State of the handicapped of older workers but a great housecleaning. It will be the first time that each will re- M AINF none post have Auburn ceived a list of its members as carried in the national records. Older undetected MARYI AND 1. -C/lCCll IC IVIUIUI JXCpall none errors or inconsistencies in national rec- Co., Baltimore ords may be corrected at one blow. 2. R.M.R. Corp., Elkton MASSACHUSETTS Riley Stoker Corp., The Bancroft Arnold 1967 Legion Oratorical Contests Worcester Finishing Co., Adams The American Legion National High MICHIGAN Hatfield Electric Co., Bergsma Bros., School Oratorical Contest Finals will be Kalamazoo Grand Rapids held April 13, 1967, at Lincoln North MINNESOTA none none East High School, Lincoln, Neb., under the sponsorship of the Department of MISSISSIPPI none none Nebraska. MISSOURI Crimsco Mfg. Co., Heritage Cafeteria, Leading up to that high point, how- Kansas City Springfield ever, will be local, district, state, regional MONTANA American Timber Co., Northridge Cafeteria, and sectional elimination contests in Olney Billings which thousands of young high school students compete with the hopes of NEBRASKA Radio Station KOLT, Samardick of Omaha, climbing to the top of the oratorical lad- Scottsbluff Inc., Omaha der. Though there are lesser prizes on the NEVADA none Harold's Club, Reno way up, the $8,000.00 worth of Legion NEW HAMPSHIRE none none college scholarships in the National

Finals is the real goal. First is NEW JERSEY Goodwill Industries, Pembroke, Inc. prize worth Vineland Egg Harbor $4,000.00; second, $2,500.00; third, $1,000.00 and fourth, $500.00. NEW MEXICO Farmington Daily Times, Arizona Public Service Started in 1938 by the Legion's Na- Farmington Co., Farmington tional Americanism Commission to fos- NEW YORK none Sarah Coventry, Inc., ter excellency in citizenship and enable Newark the youth of America to better under-

NORTH CAROLINA Reynolds Tobacco Co., I edhettpr Mfp Cn Tnf stand the meaning of the United States Winston-S?lem Rockingham Constitution, the program has had the approval since 1 943 the NORTH DAKOTA none none of Nat'l Ass'n of Secondary School Principals. OHTDV_7 1 1 1 Vy United Engineering & Lear siegier, inc. rEU Through 1966, more than $200,000 in ividpic rrclgfllS cash scholarships has been provided at OKLAHOMA Sears Roebuck and Co., Shawnee Milling Co., the national level with additional thou- Tulsa Shawnee sands being awarded each year by Legion OREGON Paramed, Inc., Western Wood Mfg. Co. departments, districts and posts. Portland Portland Here are the sites for the Regional Contests to be held April 3, 1967: Re- PENNSYLVANIA Fidelity Philadelphia Trust 1. The Chamberlain Co., Co., Philadelphia Scranton gional 1, Montpelier H.S., Montpelier, Vt.; Regional 2, Chenango Valley Central z. oun onipDuuamg ana School, Binghamton, N.Y.; Regional Dry Dock Co., 3, Western Chester H.S., Washington, D.C.; Re- gional 4, Elkins Sr. H.S., Elkins, W. Va.; RHODE ISLAND Dieges & Clust, Droitroiir Cd ^A/a^\A/ir*^' Regional 5, Lexington H.S., Lexington, Providence S.C.; Regional 6, Stephen F. Austin, Jr. SOUTH CAROT TNA none none H.S., Amarillo, Tex.; Regional 7, Indiana bUUiH UARUIA Veterans Administration none State U., Terre Haute, Ind.; Regional 8, rx.. IVicaUC Derby Sr. H.S., Derby, Kans.; Regional TENNESSEE none none 9, West Allis Central H.S., West Allis, TFY AS Wis.; Regional 10, University H.S., Lar- 1 . Lackland Air Force 1 . Denton State School, Base, San Antonio Denton amie, Wyo.; Regional 11, West Seattle H.S., Seattle, Wash.; Regional 12, Earl 2. The Texas Bolt Co., 2. Tourite Mobile Homes Wooster H.S., Reno, Nev. Houston Mfg. Co., Ft. Worth Following the Regionals, here are the UTAH none none sites for the Sectional Contests to be held VERMONT Jet Car Wash Rutland none April 10, 1967: VIRGINIA none 111^11 a KjL XvldlllUJlHJ, IIIC, Sectional A, Performing Arts Center, Richmond Wilkes College, Wilkes-Barre, Pa.; Sec- WASHINGTON none none tional B, St. Pius X H.S., Atlanta, Ga.; Sectional C, Lincoln School, WEST VIRGINIA D & D Motor Sales, Inc., none High Sioux Smithers Falls, S. Dak.; Sectional D, West H.S., Denver, Colo. WISCONSIN none none Legionnaires everywhere are invited WYOMING none none to attend contests in their areas. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 33 NEWS

Child Welfare, Tacoma Style Brady and his aides in Post 2 are planning Educational opportunities for blind a recreation camp for handicapped children in the metropolitan Tacoma, youngsters. His family has the Wash., area have been greatly increased bug . . . Wife Helen Jean is active in orthopedic as the result of the "Eye See" program work; daughter Kathleen studies occupational therapy at the Univ. sponsored by Post 2, Tacoma, which of Washington; son still provides textbooks as well as other read- Peter 3rd, in high school, helps handicapped ing material for boys and girls in public swim- mers and swims his school's schools. Cooperating with Post 2 are the on varsity. Tacoma Independent School District, Tacoma League for the Blind, and the BRIEFLY NOTED Washington State Correctional Institu- Fort Jonathan M. Wainwright, Alaska,

tion at Shelton, whose inmates, all first the Army's northernmost post, will open offenders, translate textbooks, novels, a museum this summer in honor of Gen- music, etc., into Braille for the use of eral Wainwright, the hero of Bataan. It blind children. To the value of the aid to will be open to the public during the the blind, therefore, is added the impor- Alaska Purchase Centennial year of "Eye See' program, Post Wash. tance of the project as a rehabilitation 2, 1967. Persons willing to donate items of

program for the Institution's inmates. In the photo above, Brady (left) and historical interest may write: Command- In addition to the "Eye See" program, Chester Chastek, Past Dep't Cmdr, are ing General, Yukon Command and Fort the Tacoma Legionnaires provide swim- shown with blind Corrie Kassuhn, who Wainwright, ATTN: ARYIO. APO Seat- ming instruction to blind and handi- holds the "Brailler" given to him by the tle, Wash. 98731. capped young people, with hundreds en- Legion so he could do his homework.

rolled for classes on alternate Sunday Recently translated into Braille is the Bill Robinson, former Post 443, Glass-

nights in the U. of Puget Sound pool. 279-page book (which was also a movie), port, Pa., Legion baseball player, is a Driving force behind the scenes is Pete "The Mouse That Roared." One inmate strong candidate for right field on the Brady, Jr., past commander of Post 2, has mastered the task of translating New York Yankees. He recently under- who also established the blind swim pro- music for piano into Braille. Upon com- went an operation for removal of a bone gram nine years ago and is still active as pletion of their training in Braille trans- chip in his right (throwing) elbow, caused an instructor. The Tacoma League's par- lation and use of the equipment, in- when he crashed into a fence while play- ticipation is directed by Richard Cook, mates receive certificates of proficiency ing winter ball in Venezuela. League president and assistant Child awarded by the Library of Congress, Welfare chairman of Post 2, whose 14- Washington, D.C., certifying them as ex- POSTS IN ACTION year-old daughter, Debbie, has been pert Braille transcribers. This helps blind since birth. them gain employment when freed.

Specialist Blevins says: "I was overwhelmed!"

Some months ago, a letter from an American infantryman serving in Viet- nam appeared in The Washington Post and was reprinted in The National American Legion Auxiliary News and in the A.L. News Service. Recently, the soldier, SP/5 Michael L. Blevins, wrote to Legion Hq as follows:

26 Dec. 66 Cu Chi, RVN all "To my fellow citizens: About eight weeks ago, I wrote a letter to The Washington Post, requesting mail for the men of my unit. The letter was re-

printed in this fine magazine (The Auxiliary National News). I can only say I was overwhelmed by the staggering response my letter received. To date, we

have received over 5,000 cards and letters from all over the United States. I would like to try to say Thank You. "You cannot comprehend the amount of good this has done for my Unit. We also received many packages and some money. The packages were put in the Unit mess hall, and the money will be included in our monthly contribu- Walter Rekuc, Adjutant, tion to a small orphanage near here. and John Wieczor- ek, Sgt. at Arms, Post 1097, Armonk, N.Y., "I thank God for people like you, who are willing to take time out to write add names to Honor Roll post gave town. to someone you don't know. If the world had a lot more people like you. I am sure it would be a much better place in which live. to Adjutant John T. Mahan, of Post 50, "A few of you have expressed a desire to send if toys and such, they could Clinton, Mass., sends to each serviceman be used. Indeed they can! If you still wish to send them, I will be very happy to from Clinton and nearby towns a letter see that the children receive them. Once again, I thank you ever so much for saying that The American Legion is the cards and letters. May God Bless You, and be with you and yours, through- proud of his or her efforts in the Armed out the coming year. Forces. He then writes to the service- With many thanks, man's parents telling that their son or SP/5 Michael L. Blevins RA 19 736 947 daughter has the full support of the Le- Co E, 725th Maint Bn. 25th Inf Div gion and that "we would be proud to APO San Francisco, Calif. 96225" have them join our ranks upon dis- charge." Also sent to servicemen and

34 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 NEWS parents are pamphlets telling the history 5. More than 80 packages mailed indi- double barbecue fireplace. Rafters, stud- of the Legion, and greeting cards on oc- vidually to men of Co B. 6. More than 70 dings, and end sidings, from the old local casion. Through these efforts, inciden- persons corresponding with the men. 7. depot, were donated by Legionnaire Ray tally, the post has signed up two former Harrison Rotary Club sending an ice- Peterson. Members did the landscaping. Legion baseball players (ex-Vietnam), making machine to the company. 8. Cash The shelter is for everyone to enjoy and and has voted a free membership for one donations by many organizations and in- is the site for the annual Homecoming year to any active duty serviceman who dividuals to cover cost of mailing pack- sponsored by Post 502. has taken part in a Legion project. ages. Letters of appreciation have been received from men in the Company.

In December 1965, Post 217, Baudette, Minn., suggested to a local newspaper editor that if names and addresses of servicemen from the area were published, residents could send them Christ- mas cards. "With Our Military" has since been a regular department in the paper. Birthdates are being added, which per- mits birthday cards, as well. (Many posts are engaged in some sort of activity designed to encourage letter writing to Gifts from Post 10, Clark AB, Philippines those in service.) Post 217 recently sent to servicemen the brochure—"The Post 10, Clark AB, Philippines, gave two American Legion Welcomes Veterans of TV sets for the patients at USAF Hos- A royal award to Post 209, N.Y. the Vietnam Period." As of January 14, pital Clark. Legion Nat'l Cmdr John E. 31 have joined the post. Davis (wearing jacket in photo above) His majesty King Peter II of Yugoslavia presented the sets on behalf of Clark presents the Royal Yugoslavia Commem- Post to Col. William F. Merritt, Chief, orative War Cross to Post 209, New Plans and Operations, Clark Hospital (at York City, in gratitude and recognition right). Post 10 Cmdr Eugene Lieb is at of the post's members' role as comrades- left. Looking on is post athletic director in-arms of the Allied and Democratic T/Sgt Michel R. Ryan, who was largely nations who fought for freedom in responsible for collecting funds used to WW2. At right is Alfred S. Kalet, Post purchase the sets. Cmdr. King Peter saw service in WW2 as a pilot in the RAF, flying reconnaissance Post 502, Wise, provides a shelter. missions.

This 22x50-foot picnic shelter (see photo above) was built in the village park in Post 19, Bronx, N.Y., has given in the Wittenberg, Wise, by Post 502. It has past year donations amounting to $12,- electrical and water connections and a 502, including scholarships. The post has

New eyes by Post 569, Cleveland, Ohio

On the table in the photo above are some of the several hundred pairs of eye glasses donated by Post 569, Cleveland, Ohio, to N. R. Calvo, Commissioner of Soldiers Relief, for New Eyes For The Needy, in Short Hills, N.J., reports Col- lection Chairman Ray Puccetti. In the photo are (1. to rt.): Eligio Spremulli, Post 569 Cmdr Francis King, Adjutant Ilio Talvacchio, Sgt.-at-Arms Ben Scongefurno, Service Officer James Can- nata, and PC Steve Cook.

Post 559, Harrison, N.Y,, having adopted Co B, 2nd Bn, 2nd Inf, 1st Inf Div, serving in Vietnam, compiled the following record of aid and observance in the past year: 1. Honor roll and sign erected in town. 2. Plane load of supplies sent to Co. B. 3. Testimonial dinner for Co B's CO when he was rotated back to Post 665, Dickson City, Pa., sponsors the Double R. Twirlettes, a family project the United States. 4. Variety show spon- taught by Rosemary Pilch and Rita Pilch Flannery. Tiny mascot Rebecca Flannery, a junior Auxiliary member, is the third generation mascot after her mother and sored by a Teen Club, with the price of her aunt. Rosemary and Rita, named in "Who's Who In Baton Twirling" and winners admission an item to be sent to Vietnam. of the post's Americanism award, were honored by radio station WARM, Scranton. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 35 Red Cross, as he has reached the age Post 205 and Unit 205, Harlingen, of 60, the RC cut-off age for blood do- Texas, printed 12,000 copies of The Star nations. It would require the four con- Spangled Banner and the Pledge of Alle- tainers shown here to hold 13 gallons of giance for distribution among school- blood, which is what Ellis has given children. since 1938. PPC Walter C. Buckner

has given 1 1 gallons. PEOPLE IN THE NEWS Ralph A. Johnson, of Orlando, Fla., the

Post 35, Jeifersonville, Ind., gave $ 1 ,000 Legion's Florida Dep't Adjutant, ap- to the Crusade for Children conducted pointed by Gov. Haydon Burns a com- by the Courier-Journal and Louisville mission member of the Dep't of Veter- Times in association with WHAS-TV ans Affairs, 11th Congressional District. and Radio. Annually for 13 years the post has given this amount or more to George J. Higue, DDS, of Post 120, Bell, aid needy children in Kentucky and Cahf., given the Distinguished Service Southern Indiana. Award of the American Society of Den-

tistry for Children. The award is given each year to the general dental practi- Post 19, N.Y. tops off a big gift year. tioner who, in the opinion of the Society, has made the most valuable contribution contracted with the Albert Einstein Col- to dentistry for children in his commu- lege of Medicine to send a boy to college nity or state. for four years to become a doctor ($8,000). Two day rooms will be opened Raymond R. McEvoy, of Stoughton, in the Bronx Veterans Hospital ($2,500). Mass., chairman of the Legion's Nat'l In the photo above. Post 1 9 Cmdr Joseph Economic Commission's Veterans Pref- Singer (left) presents to Dr. James Oli- erence Committee, honored at a lunch- ver, director, American Museum of Nat- eon in Washington, D.C., recently, upon ural History, five American flags to be his retirement as the director for the U.S. used in the lecture rooms of the museum. Civil Service Commission's New Eng- land region. He has been in government Post 72, Brooklawn, N.J., gave a party service for 22 years. to 45 amputee veterans, patients at the U.S. Naval Hospital in Philadelphia, including a catered butTet, three bands, a singer, a disc jockey, two Au-Go-Go girls William R. Mitchell, of Tracy, Minn., a (says the post), and the post-sponsored member of the Legion's Merchant Ma- Belles of St. Mary's Junior Drum & rine Committee of the Nat'l Security Post 435, Richfield, Minn., joined with Bugle Corps. vets as prizes, Commission, and a Past Dep't Cmdr The got, a VFW Post 5555 to honor Police Chief Cyril portable TV set, three radios and cash. Johnson, right, as he marked 25th year of (1934-35). service. He's been Chief the longest and is youngest in age of any Chief in Minne- Burton A. Smead, of Denver, Colo., a sota. Presenting Mrs. Johnson and Chief founder of The American Legion. with color TV set are Post 435 Cmdr Ver- non Lusk and VFW Cmdr H. Grunow. Norwood Shepard Westbrook, of Wil- mington, N.C., a member of the Legion's American Legion Life Insurance Nat'l Veterans Preference Committee in Month Ending December 31, 1966 1960.

Benefits paid Jan. 1-Dec. 31, 1966 $ 976,474 Benefits paid since April 1958 4,051,937 Phoenix City, Ala., a Basic Units in force (number) 146,494 Perry S. McLain, New Applications approved since member of the Alaska American Legion Jan. 1. 1966 14,214 New Applications rejected 2,589 and Past Dep't Cmdr ( 1949-50) and Past Nat'l Executive Committeeman (1950- American Legion Life Insurance is an official program of Tfie American Legion, adopted by 52, 1954-56) representing Alaska. the National Executive Committee, 1958. It is reducing term insurance, issued on application, subject to approval based on health and employment statement to paid up members of Tfie William M. Jones, of Lisbon, N. Dak., American Legion. Death benefits range from Dep't Historian of North Dakota for 45 §11,500 (full unit up through age 29) in reducing steps with age to termination of insurance consecutive years. He served in the Mex- at end of year in which 75th birthday occurs. For calendar year 1067 the 15'. "across the ican Border War, WWl and WW2. board" increase in benefits will continue to all participants in the group insurance plan. Avail- able in half and full units at a flat rate of S12 NEW POSTS or §24 a year on a calendar year basis, pro-rated during the first year at SI or S2 a month for The American Legion has recently Virginian gives 13 gallons of blood insurance approved after J.-^nuarv 1. Under- written by two commercial life insurance com- chartered the following new posts: Insurance Trust Fund panies, American Legion Post Seated speculatively atop the four con- managed by trustee operating under the laws of Gainesville Memorial 617, Missouri. other insurance may use the tainers in the photo above is John Ellis, No Gainesville, Mo.; John Strozzi Post 52, full words "American Legion." Administered of Post 3, Roanoke, Va. He is holding by The American Leeion Insurance Depart- Beatty, Nev,; Goldfield Post 54, Gold- ment, P. O. Box 5609, Chicago, Illinois 60680, to field, Nev.; Saegortown Memorial Post the last pint of blood he will give to the which write for more details. 36 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 NEWS

Stanley Livingood and 3l9th Glider Field Art'y 205, Saegertown, Pa.; Clarence Van Edward Koucky and Bn (WW2)— (July) Frank Lommel and Frank Pahl (all 1966), Post Carl L. Davis, 159 Gibson Ave., Mansfield, Beverhoudt Post 130, Charlotte Amalie, 84, Lidgerwood, N. Dak. Ohio 44907 Davis M. Brown (1966), Post 19, Akron, Ohio. 324th Field Art'y (WWl)— (Sept.) Fred A. St. Thomas, V.I. (Dep't of Puerto Rico); Joseph Bellon and Frederick D. Moehring Karch, 1143 Oakwood Ave., Columbus, Ohio Viggo E. Sewer Post 131, Cruz Bay, St. (both 1965), Post 82, Carnegie, Pa. 43206 Francis Spry and Bidwell Sweet and James 329th Inf, Co H— (Sept.) W. C. Mote, 403 S. Main John, V.I. (Dep't of Puerto Rico); and Tucker and Edwin Young (all 1966), Post 378, St., Laura, Ohio 45337 Bangor, Pa. 337th Field Art'y, Bat C (WWl)— (Sept.) J. E. Hutchins Post 434, Hutchins, Tex. Claude A. Eshbaugh (1965) and Domenico Sessing, 3315 Beard Ave., Robbinsdale, Minn. Fanto and Walter M. Hamilton and Charles W. 55422 Kratz, Sr. (all 1966), Post 787, Mars, Pa. 360th Eng, GS (WW2)— (June) Edw. E. Ziats. COMRADE IN DISTRESS Howard K. Williamson (1966), Post 31, Lan- Box 257, Marianna, Pa. 15345 caster, S.C. 387th Reg't, Co A— (Aug.) Charles D. Hunt, Readers who can help this comrade are urged George E. Black, Sr. and Hubert C. Hamblin 1720 Section Rd. Office #10, Cincinnati, Ohio tc do so. (both 1967), Post 248, Roanoke, Va. 45237 Notices are at the request of The Ameri- run John T. A. Smith and Ralph Streeter (both 447th AAA AW Bn— (Sept.) Leroy M. Young, can Legion Nat'l Rehabilitation Commission. 1966), Post 51, Ritzville, Wash. Star Route, Stuttgart, Ark. They are not accepted from other sources. Malcolm Macney (1966), Post 144, Metaline 489th Port Bn— (Aug.) Edward A. Dieterle, claims Readers wanting Legion help with Falls, Wash. 4225 Navajo Trail N.E., Atlanta, Ga. should contact their local service officers. Ernest L. Schneider (1963), Post 70, Oshkosh, 501st Ord HM Tank Co— (July) John Stolfo, Service officers unable to locate needed Wis. 2239 19th St., Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio 44223 refer witnesses for claims development should George Gould (1966), Post 318, Lake Toma- 518th Ord HM Co— (July) Frank Michaels, the matter to the Nat'l Rehabilitation Commis- hawk, Wis. 1001 DeWitt Ave., Mattoon, 111. 61938 sion through normal channels for further 553rd Eng Hvy Ponton Bn (WW2)— (Sept.) search before referral to this column. Life Memberships are accepted for publica- Alvin Cogar, 3553 Camille Dr., Toledo, Ohio tion only on an official form which we provide. 568th AAA Bn— (July) Edwin C. Walker, 51 Fort Rosecrans, Calif.: 19th Coast Art'y Bn, Reports received only from Commander, Ad- Park St., Palmer, Mass. 01069 Bat B, 1944-45. Need information for a claim jutant or Finance Officer of Post which awarded 712th Tank Bn— (July) Ray A. Griffin, Box 166, by Sgt. James H. Stewart from those who the life membership. Aurora, Nebr. 68818 him, particularly Capt. G. A. Marsh. knew They may get form by sending stamped, self- 716th Tank Bn, Hq Co— (Aug.) Mark Doyle, Write: H. Stewart, 1702 Leland Dr., James addressed return envelope to: 4 Stanley Dr., Corning, N.Y. 14830 Hartsville, S.C. 29550. "L.M Form, American Legion Magazine, 720 745th Rwy Oper Bn— (July) David J. Bauer, 5th Ave., New York, N.Y." 10019. 621 Washington St., Lincoln, Nebr. 68502 751st Mine Bat (Fort Monroe, On a corner of the return envelope write the Va.)— (Aug.) LIFE MEMBERSHIPS Joseph A. Sullivan, Ouaquaga, N.Y. number of names you wish to report. No written 3195 Sig The award of a life membership to a Legion- letter necessary to get forms. 829, 6662, Serv— (Aug.) R. R. Radford, naire by his Post is a testimonial by those who 250 E. 39th St., New York, N.Y. 10016 know him best that he has served The Ameri- Americal Ord— (Aug.) William F. Haefner, 316 can Legion well. OUTFIT REUNIONS Lee Ave., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15237 Evac 8 (Sept.) Below are listed some of the previously im- Hosp (WWl)— William K. Van Reimion will be held in month indicated. For Arsdale, 303 North Ave., Greer, S.C. 29651 published life membership Post awards that particulars, write person whose address is Glider Pilots (Aug.) C. been reported to the editors. They are (WW2)— B. Ellington, have given. arranged by States or Departments. P.O. Box 1897, High Point, N.C. 27261 Notices accepted on official form only. For HQ 5th Corps, Hq & Hq Co (WW2)— (July) Fred Costigan and Mike C. Dooley and Elmer form send stamped, addressed return envelope George J. Frey, 1614 Agency St., Burlington, B. Logglns and John M. Price (all 1964), Post to O. R. Form, American Legion Magazine, Iowa 52601 171, Birmingham, Ala. 720 Fifth Ave., New York, N.Y. 10019. Notices Persian Gulf Command— (Aug.) Tom Mitchell, Richard F. Witherall (1963) and Glenn K. should be received at least five months before Jr. 600 N. 5th St., Marysville, Kans. Greene and Joe Moilit and Helen S. Nelms (all scheduled reunion. No written letter necessary Puget Sound Warriors (All Coast Art'y Reg'ts, 1964), Post 1, Denver, Colo. to get form. WWl)— (Sept.) Joe L. Brown, 2805 S. 50th St., Gilbert C. Walters (1966), Post 117, Newing- Earliest submission favored when volume of Omaha, Nebr. 68106 ton, Conn. requests is too great to print all. James J. Abras and Alfred M. E. Meyers NAVY (both 1966), Post 31, South Miami, Fla. ARMY 1st Marine Div— (July) 1st Marine Div. Assn., Anthony J. Pizzuto (1966), Post 359, Chicago. 5th Eng Combat Bn (Aug.) Box 84, Alexandria, Va. 22313 111. (WW2)— Edmund B. Podczaski, 16th Seabees— (Aug.) Glenn Wilson, 4315 Teller Clifford Caldwell and Cecil D. Nelson and RD 2 Westminister Rd., Wilkes Barre, Pa. 18702 St., Wheat Ridge, Colo. 80033 George Ray (all 1966), Post 559, Champaign, 111. 9th Div (July) 56th Seabees— (Sept.) George J. Lewis, 603 Edward F. Kile and Grant B. Schmalgemeier — Daniel Quinn, 412 Gregory Ave., Weehawken, N.J. Byrne, Houston, Tex. (both 1966), Post 788, Chicago, 111. 18th Coast Art'y (Fort Stevens, Ore.)— (Sept.) 64tli Seabees— (July) Wilmer C. Smith, Rt. 1 William L. Cree (1966), Post 78, Bloomfleld, Box 366, Osceola, Ark. Iowa. Chas. F. Justus, 625 Yaronia Dr., Columbus, Ohio 43214 93rd Seabees— (Aug.) Guy E. Hagar, Box 34, Charles W. Jackson and Harry W. Jorgensen 261h Eng (WWl)— (July) W. Wilbur White, Woodford, Wis. and Charles W. Nolle (all 1966), Post 183, 15217 Forrer Ave., Detroit, Mich. 48227 96th Seabees— (Aug.) Harold E. Mercer, 2147 Hampton, Iowa. S.W. 79th St., Oklahoma City, Okla. 73159 30th Div, Hq Tp— (July) L. W. Forstrom, Box J. W. Glass (1958) and Stanley L. Crooks 147th Seabees 1045th (July) C. E. Pip- 468, Fairmont, Minn. 56031 & Det— (1966), Post 189, Augusta, Kans. pin, 738V2 Connecticut Ave., Rock Springs, 34th Inf & 893rd Tank Dest Bn— (Sept.) Howard John F. Ford and O. J. Gaudet and Lee Wyo. 82901 Williams, 43 Cedar St., Wilkes Barre, Pa. Granger and Walter Greenway and Arthur B. Mine Sweeper (YMS 3, WW2)— (June) James 35th Div (WWl & 2)— (Sept.) Peter Miravalle, Guidry (all 1965), Post 208, Vinton, La. Da Silva, Sr., 295 Hillside Ave., Torrington, 24 Willow Oak La., St. Louis, Mo. 63122 William J. Nuttle and Fred A. Stranz and Conn. 06790 39th Combat Eng— (Sept.) Thomas Sweares, George Voit (all 1966), Post 40, Glen Burnie, Naval Oper Base 157 (Palermo, Sicily) — (June) 2217 E. Raymond St., Indianapolis, Md. Ind. William Harrison, 2273 N. Water St., Decatur, 46203 George Perikles (1967), Post 110, Mt. Rainier, 111. 62526 41st Div— (July) Md. Ed Spanier, 442 26th Ave., San Underwater Demo Team 4 (WW2)— (Sept.) Francisco, Calif. 94107 Ralph H. Johnson Post Salisbury, August F. Sturm, 63 Whittingham PI., West (1967), 309, 50th Mass. Eng, Co A— (July) Samuel J. Krauter, Orange, N.J. 07052 R.R. 2 Box 98, Donnellson, Henry P. Betsold Post Iowa 52625 USS Cambria (APA 36)— (June) Charles F. (1964), 344, Hatfield, 50th Sig Mass. Bn— (Apr.) Jim Clark, 473 Howard, Hines, 600 Snow Rd., Sebastopol, Calif. 95472 Elmhurst, 111. John J. Carroll and Glen D. Evernham (both USS Cavalier (APA 37)— (Aug.) Vince Heinly, 69th Sig Bn— (July) William Striker, 54 Nor- 1966), Post 24, Hamtramck, Mich. 37 Grandview Terr., Hamburg, Pa. 19526 wood Ave., Buffalo, N.Y. Lloyd Dooley and Vance Houghtaling and USS Enternrise (CV-6)— ( July) E. R. Klopfen- 77th Field Art'y (later, 631st), 2nd (July) Otto Jedele Bn— stein, R.R. 1 Box 585, Walkerton, Ind. 46574 and David Marvin (all 1966), Post Jim Collins, N.W. Apts. 3A, Corsicana, Tex. USS LSM 266— (July) G. Edward Metcalf, 2015 170, Three Rivers, Mich. 75110 George Airfield La., Midland, Mich. 48640 E. Stoner (1966), Post 253, Royal Oak, 95th Medical Gas Treatment Bn— (Aug.) Mich. Wal- USS LST 288— (June) Michael A. Genevrino, 80 ter J. Gantz, 829 Palm St., Scranton, Pa. 18505 Peter M. Crawford (1965), Post Detroit, Willard Ave., Bloomfleld, N.J. 07003 271, 100th Div— (Sept.) Leonard J. Mcllvaine, Mich. USS Oklahoma (BB 37)— (Apr.) Edward H. Chestnut Ridge Rd., Glens Falls, N.Y. 12801 R. Walker Lutz, 673 Lindley Rd., Glenside, Pa. 19038 W. (1966), Post 14, Clinton, Mo. 102nd Div— (July) Abe Mitchell, 2 McKay Rd., Melvin H. Leatherman (1964) and Thomas Bethel, Conn. CUfton (1966), Post 153, Poplar Bluff, Mo. 108th Field Art'y Bn, Bat C (WW2)— (July) AIR Richard F. Mathias (1966), Post 162, Lemay, Edwin S. Snyder, 1269 Liberty St., Franklin, 12th Bomb Gp, 82nd Sqdn— (July) Edwin P. Mo. Pa. 16323 Kershaw, 946 Hawthorn, Kankakee, 111. Claude W. Mills (1964), Post 72, Outlook, 152nd Inf, 1st Bn (WW2)— (July) James E. 103rd Aero Sqdn (Escadrille LaFayette, WWl)— Mont. Corley, 215 Lafayette St., New Albany, Ind. (Aug.) J. W. Warner, 711 S. Grand, Lyons, Frank Wean (1966), Post 188, High Bridge, 47150 Kans. 67554 N.J. 168th Inf (WWl)— (Aug.) Homer W. Gardner, 281st, 282nd Aero Sqdns (WWl)— (Sept.) Nor- Clarence A. Damuth and Arthur L. Dye and 1709 34th, Des Moines, Iowa 50310 bert Jenkins, 158 Hawthorn Dr., Painesville. William F. Engan and Joseph L. Ernst (all 207th Eng Combat Bn— (July) Jack Evans, 418 Ohio 44077 1966), Post 445, Rochester, N.Y. Moore St., Middletown, Ohio 45042 407th Bomb Sqdn— (Aug.) George L. Reynolds, John Liddle (1966), Post 658, Fair Haven, N.Y. 282nd Combat Eng, Co C— (July) Donald War- 710 E. Stewart Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43206 Michael Marone (1965) and Edwin O. Forseth ner, Garrett, 111. 463rd Aero Sqdn (WWl)— (Sept.) Bill Scarrow. (1966), Post 1051, Roosevelt, N.Y. 283rd Eng Combat Bn— (Sept.) W. E. Bostick, Box 6, Goodland, Kans. 67735 Charles F. Otto (1966), Post 1115, Brooklyn, Jr., 409 E. Cayuga St., Tampa, Fla. 747th Bomb Sqdn (H, WW2)— (July) Edward N.Y. 301st Sig Oper Bn— (Aug.) Joseph Romano, Lincoln, 1720 Springfield Pike, Connellsville. Merlin J. Howe and Henry S. Van Order 939 Federal St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19147 Pa 15425 (both 1966), Post 1612, Big Flats, N.Y. 308th Inf— (May) Lionel Bendheim, 200 Cab- Eglin Field WACS (WW2)— (July) Cyclone Milo Keigley and C. F. Kelsch and J. J. Mur- rini Blvd., New York, N.Y. 10033 Dahlgren, Box 145, Galesville, Wis. 54630 ray and H. B. Uden (all 1965), Post 40, Mandan. 316th Inf— (Sept.) Edwin G. Cleeland, 6125 Stalag Luft 3— (Apr.) David Pollak, P.O. Box N. Dak. McCallum St., Philadelphia, Pa. 19144 15237, Cincinnati, Ohio 45215 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 37 —

THE WORLD'S CRISIS IN FOOD AND WHAT MUST BE DONE ABOUT IT in an expansion of their food production (Continued from page 11) along the lines of Western industrial methods. They will respond to the new It took us more than ten years to readapt its farmers. With no hope of rewards for U.S. policy, he feels. There will our best Midwestern corn seed to the a big crop, as in a capitalist system with be new partnerships between their governments growing conditions in our own South. a sound farm program, the Soviet farm and Western industry. Professor Gold- There is no time now to waste in moving workers ignored the fertilizer, misused it, berg sees all levels of the U.S. food-re- ahead on new developments to improve wasted it, joked about it. Khrushchev lated industries investing in tropical farming. populated the new acreage that he and operating new food enterprises abroad. Reason 5. "/ would be glad to use opened up with people who were forced They will join in a government-industry "part- fertilizer. But in our country the govern- there, virtually slave labor. They couldn't nership" concept to offset the very real ment makes all the fertilizer. It does not care less if they produced enough food fears abroad of a "food imperialism" un- moke enough, and it has set the price for Moscow. Red China, with more hun- der which Western corporations beyond my reach." gry people than any other nation, is very might help produce the food, but make off with Draw a deep breath—this one will much in the same boat. It too, since 1960, too much of the lead us to a whole Pandora's box of mis- money. chief for a hungry world. A good example of such partnership is a recent development in India. Until last Take fertilizer itself. It is an absolute summer, India would permit no U.S. firm must. Fertilizers must be used in quan- to own and operate a fertilizer tities yet undreamed of—in the hundreds factory there. of millions of tons. She made her own, she made too little, and she pegged the price too high for her farmers. She resisted pressure ALL PRACTICAL purposes there is FOR from the United States, no more new land to be put into pro- which saw that American firms duction in any of the hungry countries. could go into India and greatly increase her fertilizer output (This for the first time in history.) The and sell it at low vast unused acres that show on maps are competitive prices—by building factories mainly rugged mountains, rainforests or and manufacturing fertilizer the grand is deserts. The rainforests are hopeless for on scale that needed. India would only accept fertilizer meaningful farming in the light of pres- fac- tories from the United States if we would ent knowledge. A breakthrough in water give them her. resources might yet redeem the deserts to on a great scale, but that's for the dim Last summer, even before we got future. tough in the matter of shipping her wheat, India saw the handwriting on the The immediate problem is almost wall. She changed her rules to wholly to increase the yield of land that permit "partnership" investment and operation is now tilled. The possibilities are many, "I went to the doctor today. You were by foreign industries. considering the primitive methods now right— I'm just plain fat!" This winter India THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE signed a deal with Standard Oil of In- in use. The quickest method is constantly to enrich and renew the used lands with diana to build and operate a fertilizer fac- has one of the world's larger become tory in Madras. the partnership repeated investments in fertilizers. They Under grain buyers. Farm slavery will never pay for themselves many times over. concept, the Indian Government will produce bumper crops— it has no incen- Ample fertilizers often increase tropical have 51% of the stock. tive to do so. yields from two to ten times. To a degree, this problem has cursed IS THE KIND of Overseas corporate Japan, Taiwan (Free China) and THIS many of the hungry lands, particularly expansion that Professor Goldberg South Korea have made great strides in colonies. in former They went for some believes is about to open up a whole new fertilizer use, and it has scarcely been form of socialist or semi-socialist state- world of food production, to the mutual neglected anywhere. But the crowded controlled economy. Many were so short advantage of Western industry and the Netherlands use six times as much fer- of management ability that if the govern- nations concerned. Jointly they are ex- tilizer as India or Pakistan—who need it ment didn't manage everything, nobody pected to create new food wealth to meet more, if possible. South Korea is now would. But some of them went on to re- the insatiable demand. Under the 51% expected to be food-sufficient in 1970, sist opportunities to exploit capitalism's local-control arrangement, the old buga- almost solely because of fertilizer manu- proved productive genius. They sacri- boo of "imperialism," real and fancied, facture created there with American aid. ficed self-development to political theory. be put to rest. Only a few years ago, our best experts may Some opposed any help but gifts from check the fear that corporations of on South Korea didn't think it possible. To Western industrial investment and man- to Such is the magic power of fertilizer just one industrial nation may come agement all in the name of "anti-im- when applied liberally to age-old, "worn — control the food-related industries of perialism." out" soils. these poorly developed nations, interna- few went to the point of idiocy. tional corporate partnerships are also in But the magic of fertilizer is no cure- A the ruler of Ghana, of the Madras all. There are no cure-alls. To meet Rus- Kwame Nkrumah, the picture. In the case sian grain needs, Khrushchev turned cried that his little chocolate-growing fertilizer factory. Standard Oil of Indiana provi- enormous new tracts of land to the plow jungle country should receive gifts of is slated for 45% ownership, but for splitting this and then ordered huge volumes of fer- whole steel mills from the "imperialist" sions have been made tilizer for them. The project flopped so countries so that he could overnight go with the National Iranian Oil Co. if it the enter- badly that the Soviet Union, in 1963, into competition with Pittsburgh. Hap- elects to come in and share could not feed its own people. It passed pily, some long months back, the people prise. from being an exporter of grain to the of Ghana threw him out on his ear. Such partnerships may also include in- world's biggest buyer of grain. Professor Ray A. Goldberg, of the ternational agencies—along with local This contributed to K's downfall. Bas- Harvard Business School, feels that most government and Western industries. ically, the Communist system brutalizes of the hungry lands will now cooperate {Continued on page 40) 38 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE MARCH 1967 . .

If you're under 30, you can get $11,500

of life insurance for 1^ a day.

In 1966 we made two improvements in your Official your application is not accepted, your $18 will be American Legion Life Insurance Plan. promptly refunded. 1) We increased all benefits at all ages by 15% American Legion life insurance. Designed by throughout the year. Legionnaires for Legionnaires.

2) We fixed it so that insured members could keep Amount of insurance, determined by age* their coverage all the way to age 75. Total These two improvements will remain in effect dur- Basic Coverage ing this year, too. Age Full Unit During 1967 But now we've added another one. Under 30 $10,000 $11,500.00 Now the basic full unit of insurance for Legion- 30-34 8,000 9,200.00 naires under 30 is $10,000. With the extra 15%, that's 35-44 4,500 5,175.00 $11,500. (The benefits are different in the state 45 - 54 2,200 2,530.00 of Ohio.) 55 - 59 1,200 1,380.00 60-64 800 920.00 And the cost is still way low. Just $2 a month. 65-69 500 575.00 To apply, mail the application with your check for 70 - 74 330 379.50 $18. That takes care of you for the rest of this year. 'After you sign up, your coverage gradually reduces. Normally no medical examination is required. If

r- OFFICIAL APPLICATION for AMERICAN YEARLY RENEWABLE TERM LIFE INSURANCE for MEMBERS of THE AMERICAN LEGION LEGION PLEASE TYPE OR PRINT ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS CHECK MUST ACCOMPANY THIS APPLICATION LIFE INSURANCE Full Name _Birth Date PLAN First Middle Day Year Permanent Residence IMPORTANT Street No. City State If you reside in New Name of Beneficiary _ .Relationship York, North Carolina, Example: Print "Helen Louise Jones," Not "Mrs. H. L. Jones' Ohio, Texas, Wiscon- sin, Illinois, New Jer- Membership Card No. Year Post No. _ State sey, or Puerto Rico, I apply for a Full Unit of insurance at Annual Premium of $24.00 or a Half Unit at $12.00 do not use this form. The following representations shall form a basis for the Insurance Company's approval or rejection of Instead, write to The this application: American Legion Life Insurance Plan, P.O. 1. Present occupation? Are you now actively working? Box 5609, Chicago, Illinois 60680. Appli- Yes No If No, give reason. cations and benefits 2. Have you been confined in a hospital within the last year? No Yes If Yes, give date, length of vary slightly in some areas. If your applica- stay and cause tion is not accepted, 3. Do you now have, or during the past five years have you had, heart disease, lung disease, cancer, diabetes your premium will be

refunded. or any other serious illness? No Yes If Yes, give dates and details MAIL TO: I represent that, to the best of my knowledge, all AMERICAN LEGION statements and answers recorded on this application

are true I and complete. agree that this application shall be a part of any insurance granted upon it under LIFE INSURANCE the policy. I authorize any physician or other person who has attended or examined me, or who may PLAN, attend or examine me, to disclose or to testify to any knowledge thus acquired. P. 0. BOX 5609, Dated , 19 . Signature of CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Applicant . 60680 OCCIDENTAL LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA, Home Office: Los Angeles GMA-300-6 ED. 5-63 33

THE AlVlERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . MARCH 1967 39 —

THE WORLD'S CRISIS IN FOOD AND WHAT MUST BE DONE ABOUT IT ammonia-fertilizers. And so it goes. (Continued from page 38) In the short run, there's no hope for the hungry lands to duplicate our indus- They are seen as a new wedding of highly ( parent of American Oil Co.), to be ready trial food web overnight. productive capitalism with modern con- to throw up a fertilizer plant in Madras, cepts of international aid and coopera- India In the short run, most of the effort that in direct tion, to replace the long history of primi- Several oil companies are big fertilizer we have been expending food aid must be rechannelled to send abroad tive farming and socialistic ineptitude in makers—Cities Service, and Continental production. Oil, for instance. Borden, best known for aids to agriculture, including U.S.-made fertilizer. great are get- The direct opening of their doors to dairy products, makes fertilizer; so does Our corporations the Western giants in the food-related in- Canada's Cominco, originally a mining ting ready for it. At the same time they dustries offers the hungry lands their hest company; and W. R. Grace, a name bet- are moving into the long-range picture hope that they can move ahead fast ter known as a steamship operator. The to join in building a food complex enough. abroad. No government — not ours or any other—can actually deliver the goods. STANDARD OiL of Indiana, incidentally, has teamed up with Michigan State Corporations in the United States, Eu- rope, Japan and elsewhere, along with U. on a new farm gimmick. It's the sort far-out thing that industrial and insti- farm experts, are the potential door- of ' tutional research and development can openers to new food wealth. With a re- I ONE WAV^ _ the ceptive state of mind abroad, and a sense come up with when turned loose on have an artificial as- of restraint on its own part, great in- food dilemma. They dustry might deliver the kind of miracu- phalt subsoil, and a way to lay it two feet lous expansion of world-food output that deep under sandy or desert soil to hold In early experi- it has shown in other fields, such as meet- moisture near the top. an soils in ing national needs beyond all expecta- ment it was tested on sandy tions in time of war. Michigan, where ample rainfall soaks The hungry lands must be more re- deep too fast. Vegetable yields snow- ceptive to Western methods, investment balled. Presently, the "asphalt barrier" is and initiative in food production. They getting a desert test near Yuma, Ariz., as must realize, too, that if they want to a conserver of irrigation water. Once succeed in other industries, they must laid, it is expected to last for from 15 have their own firm food base. years to "forever." Michigan State U. permit tilling There is a passion in the former col- farm engineers think it may onies to leap directly from colonialism millions of acres that are now too porous yields to industrial might in the manufacturing to be farmed, as well as increase "I should have listened to mother when on substandard soil in many lands. of trade goods. But food must loom much she tried to warn me against marrying larger in their thinking, and not only be- you!" Fertilizer and India are worth the far cause the hour is late. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE space we've given them, but they are In the history of mankind no indus- from the whole picture. As fast as possi- trial nation, and no great civilization, real giants are the big chemical compan- ble, we hope to spur an increase in the ever arose without a strong food base. In ies. International Minerals and Chemical world level of mechanized farming. It ancient times the stable and surplus food tops them all. Monsanto is huge in the will be a long, slow haul, but we have our the supplies in the valleys of the Tigris, the field, and so is American Cyanamid, etc. great farm machinery firms to lead Euphrates, the Nile and the great rivers The poorer nations today are virtually way—Allis Chalmers, Deere and Interna- of China were the cradles of civilizations. without the web of auxiliary industries tional Harvester, etc. Don't be surprised A strong food base was the foundation of that we take for granted in the United if the years ahead see a leap in the design advanced economies in Europe, the States, but on which any big industry de- and mass production of farm machinery United States and Canada. pends. It brings you up short to learn that geared to small acreages — here and Red China's main auto-truck factory abroad. Farm machinery is not only a THE Free Chinese on tropical could not contract anywhere in the coun- labor saver. It is essential to increasing Now plowing Taiwan are reliving the story of the try for nuts and bolts. Before it could yield in many ways—such as by ancients in what is almost instant history. make trucks it had to set up its own bolt deeper than can a bullock and wooden In less than 20 years, by tackling their works. plow, and in applying pesticides—as home-grown food problems first, the Makers of fertilizer depend on pro- Lester Brown notes. Free Chinese have moved well into the ducers of ammonia and potash and such, While the world food supply has the industrial age on their crowded island. and on firms that engineer, design and globe by the throat, world food quality is From an aid-receiving land of poverty supply key components of their factories. also in a state of crisis. Right now the and hunger. Free China is now giving The Western industrial complex has problem of malnutrition outranks actual farm aid to others, exporting food, and them. Potash Co. of America spewed out famine except in India and possibly Red leaping ahead in profitable industry. about 600,000 tons of potash at its Sas- China. The diets of the hungry world are

Across a narrow strait. Red China is katoon, Canada, plant last year, a new notably short in proteins — the flesh- racked with famine and violence. As it development with "unlimited" resources. building food elements needed for the tries to leapfrog to industrial giantism on At Carlsbad, N. Mex., this firm has long growth of the world's children. The com- a basis of socialism, it has become the produced a million tons of potash a year. bination of hunger and bad diet is partic- world's food-poorest nation. Olin Mathieson hopes to turn out 1,400 ularly vicious because it strips people of In fertilizer alone, the United States tons of ammonia a day at its new plant the energy and drive they need to tackle has more giants of industry ready to jump in Lake Charles, La. Selas Corporation their problems. Protein shortage causes in than even the average American sus- of America, a heat and fluid-process en- the human disease, kwashiorkor. Its pects. You might not have expected an gineering firm, designs precisely con- name is a Ghanian word, but the disease oil company, like Standard of Indiana trolled processes for companies that make (Continued on page 42)

40 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 ! .

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 41 ; ;

THE WORLD'S CRISIS IN FOOD AND WHAT MUST BE DONE ABOUT IT on, and tastes like, ordinary Maizena, an (Continued from page 40) existing and familiar South American cornmeal. occurs around the world. It stunts chil- than 115 countries); PepsiCo (besides dren's growth, degenerates the liver, and soft drinks, Pepsi is getting deeper in Corn Products has juiced Maizena up is accompanied by anemia and apathy. snack foods, and raised $30 million for with soybean and milk proteins, vitamins Only some plants (and few staples) overseas operations last year); Pet and minerals. The profit is small be- are relatively protein-rich—beans, peas, (packager of more than 2,000 food prod- cause the enrichment is costly, but Corn justly soybeans, cottonseed, etc. Animals are ucts); Standard Brands (whose interna- Products is proud of Enriched Maizena. the great source of protein for man. You tional division is expanding rapidly) run grain or grass through a creature, Beatrice Foods (our third largest dairy- A soft drink bottler in Hong Kong has produced Vitaso, an enriched nutritional then consume it, or its milk or eggs. This food processor, which has just gone in- calls for so much plant food for animals ternational) —and many others. beverage that sells for 5^ a bottle, looks that a nation that's short of grain for The mere financing of anticipated U.S. faintly like chocolate milk, and is highly people eats few animal products. The food industry movements abroad to help popular there as something that tastes well-to-do eat meat in all nations where tackle the food-demand has led the in- good and cooling. there are no religious scruples against it.

But only in lands where there is plenty of grain or great grasslands do the children of the poor often taste beef, pork or mutton. They sometimes get thin soup or lean, tough meat from fowl that can scrabble a living from the roadside. Pen- niless nomads who graze animals over empty scrublands have a better diet than many settled throngs. Seafoods provide proteins, but in some lands few fish get farther inland than the length of a jour- ney in which a cake of ice will melt in hot weather. Processed fishmeals for man may be in the offing, but they've run into a mess of problems.

American industry is already tackling the protein problem abroad. There are two main approaches to it. One is to develop hybrid grain staples that are richer in protein. New high-protein wheats are being developed now. The "\ know I'm late! I got caught behind a police car on the highway!' other is to package processed foods that THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE are cheap, suitable to the taste of a particular people, and high in added protein vestment firm of Merrill Lynch, Pierce, This much only hints at what the big —most commonly amino acids, or soy- Fenner and Smith to publish a 32-page food industries might do for the hungry bean or cottonseed extracts. slick paper pamphlet on "Food and The parts of the world—if called to full- World's Needs." It lists the potentialities fledged partnership to supply them now, CONSIDER THE LONG list of American and assets of 32 leading American cor- and to help them build their own "agri- corporations skilled in putting out porations involved in everything from business" (as the whole spectrum of processed foods—Campbell's Soup; fertilizer, potash, soybeans and food- food-related industries is called) for the Quaker Oats; Ralston Purina (on top of processing to pesticides and farm ma- future. its background in packaged human cere- chinery. als, Ralston's know-how in balanced ani- Some of these have already taken the " A GRiBUSiNESS" blankets many other mal feeds is transferable to human nutri- lead in concocting palatable, processed XA. things—pesticides, crop-fungus tion problems); Borden; Beech-Nut Life protein foods and beverages for mal- killers, crop sprayers, irrigation systems, Savers (among other things Beech-Nut nourished areas. weed killers, etc. And don't sell food- sells more than 100 baby foods here); Quaker Oats, in cooperation with in- marketing and food-packaging short. Central Soya (the world's largest proces- stitutes and governments in Central and Large local food processors and pack- sor of soybean products) ; Carnation (al- South America, started producing Inca- agers, like our Campbell's or Kelloggs' or ready involved in 1 1 dairy-product parina there. Professor Goldberg, in the you-name-it, can supply hungry-land plants around the globe); Consolidated Harvard Business Review, describes it as farmers with food markets to inspire Foods (makers of many familiar super- a low-cost, all-vegetable protein formula them to produce more. They can bridge market brand names, such as Sara Lee) developed by a Latin American nutri- the transportation and sales gap to the Corn Products (the world's biggest wet- tional institute. It prevents kwashiorkor, consumer that is so difficult for the miller of corn, which distributes more but so far Incaparina is a bit short on farmer to cross himself. In the cities their than 500 food items around the world); consumer appeal, in part because of an mass-production methods and sales tech-

General Foods, General Mills and Green unfamiliar taste. (Taste is a serious prob- niques can bring the cost of food down Giant (all three of them familiar food- lem. Anyone who balks when told to eat for everyone. processing and packaging names to something because it's good for him can In cooperation with the Colombian Americans); National Dairy Products appreciate that.) Government. Ralston Purina is demon- (whose Kraft food division alone blan- Corn Products has seen rapid accept- strating how an American industry can kets the free world); National Biscuit ance of its Enriched Maizena in Brazil be a self-starter to improve the diet and (now shipping food products to more and elsewhere. That's because it's based economy of a primitive farm area. Ral-

42 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 — —

ston built a feed mill in a cash-short farm The religious scruples with respect to ways to farm. World-wide farm studies area of Colombia—to be a part of the cattle in India are a unique complication. most often show illiteracy and low yield- local economy. The mill hires local work- The socialistic attitude of her Govern- per-acre going hand in hand. In India, ers for cash. It is a market for increased ment; her political efforts to play off the Pakistan, Indonesia and many other hun- local crops of milo—an Indian corn. The free and Soviet worlds against each gry lands, only 15% to 25% of the peo: feed is sold locally through local dealers. other; her skyrocketing population; her pie can read, and presumably a high

It is a local source of inexpensive food grinding poverty; unique problems with proportion of them is in the cities. for fowl and livestock—hence a spur to many of India's soils; her quarrels with That's just one piece in the barrel full more local meat and dairy production Pakistan, and her rainfall patterns all of pieces of the devil's jigsaw puzzle. and consumption (better diet) . Everyone add to the woes of her primitive type of From all of this, there is a lesson even involved in it makes some money on it farming and her premature effort to go for many of us in the well-fed world. —milo growers, livestock growers, mill- industrial in trade goods. Look, now, at There are great problems to be solved. workers, feed dealers. The new cash just one problem in educating her farm- They must be solved by tackling them. source lets them buy more and better ers. While it lasted, our surplus food aid food for their families, and other things Lester Brown has noted that India's program distributed 165 million tons of too, out of the local economy. This is, in farm acreage is about the same as ours food (valued at 15.5 billion dollars) to miniature, exactly how Free China lifted —350 million acres. But there are 60 120 nations in 12 years. It helped in the itself by its own bootstraps, with U.S. million farmers tilling it, compared to short run. But it hurt in the long run by aid as a starter rather than a permanent our 4 million. The Indian farmers speak relieving pressures that might have dole. 16 different state languages and many forced more farm development abroad It may be many years before places local dialects. If they could all read, earlier. Direct food aid henceforth must like India or Pakistan have their own which they can't, the mere printing of be clearly of an emergency nature. Mean- Quaker Oats or Campbell's Soup com- farm literature by an Indian farm bu- ingful aid must mean help toward self- panies to buy the stepped-up production reau would involve circularizing 1 5 times help. Hard facts must be met with hard, of thousands of farmers, to pay them as many farmers as in the United States, practical approaches. cash, and to feed the cities inexpensively. with translations in many languages and .In 1966, the United States, by Act of But if the hungry countries don't go in- dialects. Congress, officially adopted that attitude. dustrial and scientific and market-wise But they can't all read. And—to borrow a football phrase with food as fast as possible, the world The ability to read is closely linked to while America may well make a good will not solve the food problem. the ability to absorb new ideas and be quarterback, most of the world must get If it doesn't solve the food problem, stimulated by them. In agriculture, that on the team if the game is to be won. none of the other problems may really means ability and desire to learn better THE END matter. The underfed countries have the food technology of the Western world to show them the way. If they continue to show Tiny Hearing Aid Helps Many a greater willingness to take advantage

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India looms large in all this because its It's Inconspicuous On Men! Women Hide It Beautifully! Get This Dramatic are food problems worse than those any- New Booklet where else — possibly excepting Red Free of Charge! China—and because India's 500 million people make up more than a third of those in the underdeveloped free world. It is a cliche in top-level U.S. official food circles that, "If we could solve India's problems we could solve them all." Her production per acre is almost on the same level as in 1880, a time when crowded Japan—by going modern in food as well as in manufactures launched a rapid rise in food yield that Radioear Corporation Dept. 13A ALSO AVAILABLE has been sloping upward ever since. RADio^*) I Valley Brook Road X'a'r^n^'l^S! ^<-X ' FREE OF CHARGE! Canonsburg, Pa. 15317 CHANGE OF ADDRESS DRAMATIC BOOKLET... Please send me more information about the NEW Notify Circulation Dept., P. 0. Box Radioear 900. 1954, Indianapolis, Ind. 46206, using "The Truth About Also send me the revealing "Nerve Deafness" Post Office Form 3578. Attach old booklet free of charge. Nerve Deafness" address label and give old and new Name Answers questions often asked about addresses with zip code and current nerve deafness. Reveals many im- membership card number. Also be Address_ portant facts. Check the coupon for sure to notify your Post Adjutant. City State_ _Zip your free copy.

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE . MARCH 1967 43 UNFIT DRIVERS ON OUR HIGHWAYS 1965, the state ordered 200,315 licensees (Continued from page 21) to submit to examination, of whom 194,060 were found to be still alive and of Public Health of all cases coming to most experts who are alarmed by the in Pennsylvania. The state indefinitely their attention of infirmities that would present situation—and Pennsylvania's suspended the licenses of 3,076 who affect auto driving, and it is the duty of system is a working model of both. were tested. That to 1 of those the Department of Motor Vehicles to came .76% First. There should be genuine health examined. But 2,966 surrendered their follow up on such reports. Conditions examinations required in order to get licenses without examination volun- that must be reported include heart trou- and an initial driver's license. The common teered not to drive any more; and 17,104 ble, diabetes, epilepsy, drug addiction, practice of accepting a health statement simply ignored the order and lost their brain tumor, brain damage from injury, should go by the boards. licenses by default. If we assume that all etc. It's viewed as a good auto safety Second. All states should adopt some of the latter knew they couldn't pass the law, but as it isn't a systematic inspection version of Pennsylvania's program to examination, then when those who of all drivers, many unfit ones may escape — such screening. Another improvement over the present situation, short of total health screening of drivers, would be laws in every state giving licensing agencies access to public records of hospitals and courts for systematic review. Drivers over 65 are a special target for compulsory re-examination. The Nassau County. N.Y., Medical Society wants over-65's rechecked every three years. Except for teen-agers, the elders have the worst accident record of any age groups—double that of middle age. While teen-agers tend to be too reckless, the over-65's may be driving with serious undetected infirmities, or even be too apt to doze at the wheel. Many of them thoroughly realize it and drive so cau- tiously that they pile up fast traffic behind them. Some oldsters voluntarily give up driving. Yet many don't, when they should. "He lives in an underworld all his own." But the pressure is growing for better THE AMKltlCAN LEGION MAGAZINE health checks of all drivers. make license renewals dependent on fol- were tested and failed are included—the THE International Congress on In- low-up health examinations every so- unfit licensees screened out by the pro- stitutional Health was addressed re- many years. So far Pennsylvania is the gram came to 11.81% of all who recently by Dr. Brandaleone, and Dr. Stew- only state that does that. ceived the notice. art E. Miller, director of the U. of Michi- It can be deduced from the first full If they were all driving regularly, that gan's Institute of Industrial Health. The year of Pennsylvania's permanent re- means that of every 1 00 drivers you pass

Congress was told that: "Every driver testing program for licensed drivers that on the road, about 1 2 represent a positive should undergo periodic examinations nearly 12% of drivers who have been danger to you and themselves. Pennsyl-

. . . Civilian drivers should be examined licensed for ten years and more are in vania's orders for examination go to a every three years up to the age of 45, and such condition that they should not rea- cross-section of its drivers each month, after that every two years." sonably ever drive an automobile again. so that the findings constantly tend to be Two proposals are being put forth by In the year beginning in November typical of all the drivers in the state. To be fair to those who were screened out, the figures do not reveal how many of them may have been carrying licenses in their pockets without actually driving The Painkiller. any more. hurt. Such a retesting program does not For hemorrhoids that mean that everyone who flunks his health test will have his license suspended or You have probably heard of Nupercainal® revoked. If the condition is correctable Suppositories and Ointment by now. Nuper- and corrected, or if special auto equip- cainal is the most effective and longest ment may render it reasonably harmless lasting painkiller of the leading as a driving menace, the license may be products available without prescrip- retained with or without conditions, as tion. It is over eight times stronger than the most commonly used topical the case warrants. anesthetic preparation. Doctors have Indeed, the most overwhelming find- been recommending Nupercainal for ing in the Pennsylvania program was the over 33 years for hemorrhoids that hurt discovery that far more than half of those

Over 8 times more pain-killing power than tested (104,665 out of 173,990) needed the most commonly used topical anesthetic. licenses stipulating that they must not {Continued on page 46)

44 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE « MARCH 1967 . . . . .

GROW Tomatoes INSIDE YOUR HOME iMMtM

Imagine, now you can grow TESTED AND PROVED . . pounds and pounds of salad size JUST PLANT THE SEEDS . . tomatoes in an attractive, com- THEN WATER . . pact, dirt free pot — right in your own kitchen, living room or den. AND WATCH THEM GROW

PICK 3 OR 4 TOMATOES A DAY... Even if you don't have a green

DAY AFTER DAY . . thumb, even if you've never had Yes, now through the "miracle" any success in growing anything, of hydroponics (growth by the you can't miss with Kitchen Har-

use of water) you can harvest vest . . . success is built-in! All buckets of fresh-from-the-vine to- you do is water! In a week your matoes ... as you need them! plants will be 1" to 2" high. As New exclusive formula is inte- they grow, colorful blossoms will grated into Vermiculite so that begin to brighten up your room. | just the right amount of plant Soon you'll see the fruit starting J food is automatically released . . to form . . . and then the thrill

you'll grow mouth-watering lus- really begins . . . you'll start to | salad tomatoes and what harvest your first crop within 60 cious j is just as important — you pick to 90 days . . . and you'll keep them as you need them — one harvesting, day after day, week % or two, or a dozen a day! after week ... for months. j NO MORE SHOPPING FOR FRESH TOMATOES ORDER BY MAIt . . . Just think of it! When you need EVERYTHING YOU NEED fresh tomatoes for salad, cook- TO GROW TOMATOES

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 45 UNFIT DRIVERS ON OUR HIGHWAYS (Continued from page 44)

drive when not wearing corrective lenses. plicants a month (par for the course in These were new cases. Previously, a state with 6 million drivers) and re- only 6,504 in this group had such condi- testing 20,000 licensed drivers a month. tional licenses. The findings indicate that The retest program must be stepped up whereas a little more than 3% are cur- to 50,000 a month in order to meet the rently required to drive with corrective goal of a recheck every ten years. Back lenses, the figure should be more like in 1960, 1961 and 1962, the state ran a 61%. pilot retesting program before institut-

We're looking for men age 50 or older The tests uncovered 6 1 6 drivers whose ing it as a permanent program in 1965. ... to sell our complete line of Industrial night vision is so bad that they are now When ordered by the state, drivers maintenance products to business and must industry. 65 years in business has taught licensed to drive in daylight only. There be examined by their own physicians and us that middle-aged men, with young were 1 82 drivers who lacked one leg, or pay the bill themselves, except that the ideas, can out-sell and out-earn younger men! Protected territory guarantees you the good use of one leg, who were con- State Police give tests for vision (those steady earnings, allows you to work out ditionally licensed to drive with auto- who fail may be rechecked by a physi- of your home, and most important . . . keeps you active and industrious. ACT matic transmission (only one good leg is cian.) A code of health standards for safe FAST. Some choice territories still open. needed). There were 55 drivers who, driving was set up for physicians to fol- lacking the leg, WRITE TODAY TO: The Harper Company good use of any were li- low. It was established jointly by the

1003 Main St., Fairfield, Iowa 52556 censed to drive with cars having special Department of Traffic Safety, the State J hand controls. Others, for various rea- Medical Society and the State Health sons, were licensed on the condition that Department. SECRETS °'yiL1fslL?<' MUSIC they use special mirrors, or other equip- This Money-Saving Way p 'L^^'M ment to compensate for particular handi- ITS FIRST year, Pennsylvania's per- YESITeachyour- flufT'j , IN i T^\l ; i -^^^^ caps. one- self Piano, Gui- i »#» » manent program reached about \ , \ tar, ANY instru- kgli l study of the ment—even if you A 3,076 Pennsylvania thirtieth of the drivers in the state who know a note don't now! Famous proven Course drivers were indefinitely barred makes it easy as A-B-C. Play actual pieces right who had been licensed for from ten to 60 or away. FREE BOOK. U.S. SCHOOL OF MUSIC from the road after being examined more years. The total picture of unfit li- Studio A 463, Port Washington, N. Y. 11050. (list. 18Q8. Lie. N. Y. State Ediie. Dept.) Tear out this ad. shows them to include 1,050 with men- censees in the state can be approximated tal illness, 145 with nerve disorders, 301 by multiplying all the figures by 30. That with heart or circulatory afflictions, 241 would bring the totally unfit—including with uncorrectable eyesight deficiencies, those who disqualified themselves by de- CATALOG 1 1 8 narcotics addicts, 83 with uncon- clining the examination—to about 694,- BANQUET/MEETING FURNITURE trolled epilepsy, 54 with other conditions 000. Those who should be required to TENNIS TABLES • CHAIRS" causing lapses of consciousness, 43 alco- wear corrective lenses while driving, but • COAT/ HAT RACKS SKI holics and 38 uncontrolled diabetics. The who are not presently required to do so. Adirondack remaining 1,003 had miscellaneous dis- would come to about 3,100,000 instead abilities which disqualified them as driv- of around 200,000 as at present. There's 276-0 Park Ave. So.; N.Y.C. 10010 ers. All, of course, were licensed drivers nothing to suggest that what's true in Shipping Points — PITTSBURGH • CHICAGO BOSTON • DALLAS • ATLANTA • LOS ANGELES until retested. Their unfitness was previ- Pennsylvania would not generally be ously unknown to the licensing authori- true of the whole nation if similar rs- RETIRE ON $75 MONTH ties. The mere presence of one of these checks were made in every state. disabilities did not—in every case—lead It is pretty hard to argue against those Private Room and Meals to license suspension. Separate judg- who are saying "there oughtta be a law" for detailed brochure, write: ments of fitness to drive were the rule, when you consider that during Pennsyl- WILLIAMS RETIREMENT HOTEL except in statutory cases such as drug vania's pilot program six years ago. a

Daytona Beach, Florida 32014 addiction. 50-year-old cab driver was found who. Pennsylvania is currently giving such the examiners felt, could qualify for the LEARN examinations to 37,000 new license ap- state's blind pension. the end MEAT CUTTING Train quickly In 8 short weeks at Toledo for a bright future with security the vital meat business. Big pay, full-time Jobs—HAVE A PROFITARI.S MARKET OF YOUR OWN! Pay after it K^Bf~ graduation. Diploma given. Job help,

t Thou.sands of successful graduates. Our 44th year! Send now fot- big, new Illustrated FREE catalog. No obligation. G.I. Approved. NATIONAL SCHOOL OF IVIEAT CUTTING Dept. A-82, Toledo. Ohio 43604

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A PRESTIGE RING. Finely etched detail in 10-K gold. Over 150 designs. Choose your insignia from America's largest selection of military rings-. Army, Navy, Marine, Air Force, Coast Guard (WW I, WW II, Korea, Viet Nam). Money-back guarantee. FOR FREE ILLUSTRATED CATALOG "Dear Garden Editor: I picked some mushrooms near my Clip and send this ad with name and address to " ROYAL MILITARY JEWELRY garden this afternoon and P.O.Box Y-26, Apache Junction, Ariz. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

45 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 KNEE-HIGH BOOTS that weigh only nine LIFE IN THE ounces and can fold up to fit in your pocket OUTDOORS are the latest from STADRI, Whitestone.

L. I., N.Y. 1 1357. They're made of pure gum rubber, and you stretch them on over Try Trail Campiiig your shoes; no buttons, buckles or zippers. Price: $5.98 per pair.

90th Congress will be asked to create trip, make it a short one—an overnight test THE DON'T DISCARD those little plastic four national scenic trails, the first of a run. It will reveal any items you forgot to "tubs" that oleo comes in, advises John nationwide system of metropolitan, park pack. McMinn of Marion, Ark. They're perfect and forest, and long National Scenic Trails. Also, be careful with fires and leave the boxes for flies, spinning lures, sinkers, etc. They are: the 2,000-mile-long Appalachian trail as clean as possible. Punch holes in their snap-on covers, and Trail, which extends from Mt. Katahdin, For further information: they make first-rate bait carriers. And you Me., to Springer Mtn., Ga.; the 825-mile- National Park Trails can refill others with various individual-size long Potomac Heritage Trail, which ex- National Park Service portions for a picnic. For dog owners: a tends from the mouth of the river to its Department of Interior couple of them will hold enough table source in Pennsylvania; the 3,082-mile-long Washington, D.C. scraps for Fido's day afield. Continental Divide Trail, which extends National Forest Trails from the Montana-Canadian border along Forest Service the Rockies to Silver City, N.M., and the Department of Agriculture CHUMMING, by means of chopped bait dropped into the water to attract fish, is 2,300-mile-long Pacific Crest Trail, which Washington, D.C. a extends from the Washington-Canadian bor- Paper-company lands common and productive method of still- der down the backbone of the Cascade and American Forest Products fishing. But it requires a large quantity of Sierra Nevada Mtns. to the California- Industries bait which too often isn't available. E. H. Mexican border. 1835 K St. NW Scott, of Madison, Wis., uses rolled oats right from the cereal box. They flutter en- No other camping trip afl'ords such Washington, D.C. ticingly, flash in the sunlight, and the fish a combination reward of pleasure, sight- like them. Excellent, also, for fishing seeing, and healthy outdoor exercise at little THE AUTO FIRE, a versatile combination through an ice-hole. cost as backpack hiking on our nation's nu- charcoal lighter, camp stove and heater merous wilderness trails. which its maker claims will light 1 5 charcoal One can travel in comparative freedom briquets in seconds, get them glowing hot in WANT MORE DISTANCE when casting —no highway fumes, no time schedules, no six minutes, and let you broil a steak in 20. a fly? This winter, replace your fly rod's neighbors except your companions and no And, mind you, all without benefit of lighter tiny snake guides with larger ones, the spin- crowded campgroimds. This is truly a way ning-rod kind, writes Don McAfee of Cor- to get away from it all. vallis. Ore. They'll lessen the resistance to fly line when cast, and next spring The opportunities are unlimited— 154 your you National Forests totalling 182,000,000 acres you'll find you can "shoot" the line through with 105,000 miles of trails; 50,000,000 those big guides like a pro. Why don't the acres of paper-company forests now open rod-makers install larger guides? Good to the public; hundreds of National and question! State Parks and numerous national scenic trails such as those mentioned above. ALL CAMPERS and outdoorsmen-on-the- Your outfit is simple. You need a back- go can take a lesson from the Scouts and pack in which to carry your equipment. It their "buddy burners," advises Frances W. can be a simple knapsack ($3), a pack Oliver of Quincy, 111. The burners are sim- basket ($5), a pack frame to which you ply open tuna-fish cans filled with corru- lash your pack ($10), or a combination gated paper and melted paraffin or old pack-frame with external pockets ($25 up). melted candles. One will provide enough Tied to the outside of your pack will be fire for a fast grubstake, or will make a your lightweight sleeping bag, plastic air guaranteed starter for a large camp fire. mattress and shelter, which is no more than a large piece of plastic with The versatile Auto Fire Stove. grommets along WHEN PLANNING a trip into the cold its edge so it can be anchored as a tent, outdoors, prepare your favorite hot dish fuel or other starter. Because of its clever lean-to or roof. For quick cooking, take the day before, place it in a plastic bag and design, one newspaper spread is all the along a small one-burner gasoline stove. freeze it solid in a deep freeze, advises Rob- stove needs to quickly light charcoal Instead of pots and pans, carry heavy alumi- or ert Hilliker of LaCrosse, Wis. En route it anything else that will burn under num foil and make your own utensils 2,000 from will keep liquid refreshments chilled, and degrees. Available for $3.50 postpaid from it. For meals, settle for the new miraculous when you're ready to dine just heat it up dehydrated foods, even steaks and chops. Auto Fire Corp., P. O. Box 487, Corinth, in a pan you can make of aluminum foil. Miss., 38834. Tell them it here. Canned foods are nice but too heavy. A you read small belt-hatchet is a necessity. You'll also PLASTIC BAGS are sometimes recom- need sundry items such as a first-aid kit, WHILE ICE SKATING or ice fishing, keep mended for carrying fish and game. Don't toilet articles, flashlight, plastic rain gear, your feet warm by tieing them in plastic believe it, warns Lance Robbins of Cordova, insect repellent, matches, compass, etc. Pack bags before putting on your shoes or boots, New Mexico. A freshly killed bird or ani- essential items last so they're on top and writes Henry Mullen, Jr., of Cleveland, O. mal must have ventilation to lose its body can be removed easily. And limit your pack And when out hunting or fishing, remember heat or it will spoil quickly. Fish need ven- weight to 30 pounds, if you're a beginner. that similar bags tied over your shoes will tilation so the evaporation of moisture will Later you can stretch it to 50 or more keep them dry for fording small streams. pounds. keep them cool. Use porous game and fish containers only. Wear tough and rough clothing, its TO FIND YOUR WAY back to a shore warmth depending on the temperature ex- point at night when you're a long way out If this tremes you expect to encounter. Dress light- on a lake either in a boat or on the ice, use you have a helpful idea for feature send it in. If we can use it we'll pay you ly when hiking; add clothing when you're in- a light beacon, advises Jerome Kaper of $5.00. However, we cannot acknowledge, re- active. Shoes must be comfortable, well Stoneham, Mass. Line a wooden box with turn, or enter into correspondence concern- broken in, and ankle high at least. Bring foil, place it on shore with its open side ing contributions. Address: Outdoor Editor, stretch-rubbers for wet or slippery walking. toward the lake, and set a low-burning lan- The American Legion Magazine. 720 Fifth And don't forget sunglasses. For your first tern inside it. It will be visible for miles. Ave., New York. N.Y. 10019. THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 47 —

THE "GOOD OLD DAYS" ON WALL STREET styled "Prince of Erie," he staged oper- (Continued from page 15) ettas in the theater, moving among the crowds in the audience clad in a scarlet- lion in bonds (which could be con- law in New York State to the same effect. lined cape, verted into common stocic), supposedly Possibly all parties now realized that and bedecked with a mon- to finance repairs to the tracks. The they'd played so fast and loose with the strous diamond sparkler in the center of shirt. bonds were printed on a press in the law that if they kept it up the roof would his frilled Upstairs, in oriental basement of the Erie headquarters. fall in. At any rate, Vanderbilt now splendor, Jay Gould sat amidst the rich Just as swiftly, they were converted to adopted the pose of one gambler among rugs, marble statuary, gilded chandeliers common stock and dumped on the many whose playmates had called him and flickering gaslight, pondering new market. on a stiff hand. He sent for Drew to ar- ways to enhance his wealth. range a deal, and told him, "This Erie All told, over a period of 15 months, SUDDENLY THERE WERE 100,000 new war has taught me that it never pays to Gould and Fisk issued $53 million of shares of Erie common stock in cir- kick a skunk." The stock waterers printing press stock in Erie. Between culation! To protect himself, Vanderbilt had to buy these up, and this he did—to the tune of $7 million. Gould and Fisk promptly got ready to issue more Erie stock.

As Fisk put it: "If this damned printing press doesn't break down, we'll give

the old hog all he wants of Erie . . .

White paper is cheap—it is bought by / FACTOR r \S the ream. Printer's ink is also dirt cheap. If we could keep on working that kind of deal—make Vanderbilt pay us $50 or ''^ / LOCAL ^^s $60 for little pieces of paper that hadn't cost us two cents—we would very soon have all his cash." Vanderbilt was coming to the same conclusion. He got a court order enjoin- ing the Erie from issuing more securities. Gould got a counter-injunction. He also quickly dumped more Erie stock on the market, causing a panic in Wall Street "as though a mine had exploded." The small Erie stockholders, innocently thinking that they had invested in a stable "If you must picket, Hanson, the /east you could do is take off that '20-years-of-faithful-service' pin!" and profitable railway, found the value of their shares gyrating wildly and irra- THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE tionally from day to day. Even the professional speculators, a tougher breed, agreed to pay Vanderbilt's money back July and October 1868. there was $18 were troubled. out of the Erie's treasury. Drew, Fisk million of this dumped on the market. Now Vanderbilt had a contempt of and Gould would keep what they had Naturally, the price of Erie stock plum- court order slapped on Drew, Fisk and acquired. In effect, all the principals meted. With the battle against Vander- Gould in New York. They promptly came out unscratched, while the other bilt ended, were Gould and Fisk alarmed took off for New Jersey, beyond the stockholders of Erie pumped $7 million at the continuing collapse of Erie stock reach of New York courts, carrying $6 into the pockets of the three to pay for prices? million in cash. Fisk and Gould went the watered stock. Not so. They sold Erie short before to work on the New Jersey legislature Gould and Fisk took command of the the price tumbled 30 points to a low of and secured a law there letting the Erie Erie while the aging Drew stepped into 35. At this point Drew, now 71, decided directors issue stock at will. Drew the background, and more adventures he had had enough. He pulled out of the slipped away to Albany, where he laid followed. Fisk chose Pike's Grand Opera raid. The other two objected to his without half a million dollars, outbidding Palace, at 8th Avenue and 23rd St., for drawal, they quarreled, and Drew set out Commodore Vanderbilt, and secured a the railroad's new home. As the self- to operate on his own hook. Crossing Gould and Fisk was a ter- rible mistake. Drew was heavily short in Erie. His former partners, using $12 OiaiEE* BINGO million of the profit they'd made in selling Erie short, now set out to drive Erie World's Largest Manufacturers and Distributors of up. They quietly bought while Drew "TOP NOTCH" QUALITY BINGO EQUIPMENT! went on selling short. Erie rose from 35 Automatic Cards, Marker Cards, Electric Blowers, to 54, then to 62. Gould and Fisk Flashboards, Throwaway Sheets Tickets, or Cages, cornered the whole floating supply and Balls, Tables, Chairs, PA Systems, Etc. ONLY Drew was bankrupted. He sadly philoso- BINGO KINC'gives you the opportunity to buy phized. "To speculate in Wall Street your equipment on a monthly payment plan.... when you are no longer an insider is like , wif/i NO interest! write today for free INFORMATION... please include buying cows by candlelight." name and address of your Organ- izotion. Out of the $53 million of watered stock in Erie, the promoters took all but THE "BINGO KING" CO., INC. DEPT 331, BOX 1178, ENGLEWOOD, COLO. 80110 (Continued on page 50)

48 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 How much do you really save when you order your vitamins and drugs direct from Hudson? We will pay $1.00 to prove that the famous Hudson catalog saves you up to 60% on the vitamins, drugs and toiletries you use!

ONE DOLLAR SAVINGS CERTIFICATE

This certificate entitles you to an immediate $1.00 discount on the purchase of Hudson products (mini-

mum order $3 ) . DEDUCT ONE DOLLAR from total cost of the vitamins, drugs and toiletries you order.

Offer good until September 1967

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Just run your eyes and fingers down this page. to 60% on vitamins, drugs and toiletries. All Hudson products are delivered labora- Let the comparison charts be your guide. Seethe How? By selling direct to you by mail. There is tory fresh to your door with a 30-day money- other nationally advertised brands listed side by no middleman. The savings are passed on to you. back guarantee. So why pay more? List the side with Hudson's famous products. Compare And remember, by law, ingredients of all vi- products you want on the order coupon below. the formulas and the prices. Then take advan- tamin compounds must be shown on the label. If you order $3 or more, deduct $1 from the tage of our special offer. We will pay you ONE Hudson quality control assures you there are total cost. (Be sure to enclose the $1 Savings DOLLAR to prove that Hudson saves you up no better vitamins made at any price. Certificate with your order coupon.) ONE-A-DAY- MORE MONEY-SAVING PLUS IRON """-^ CLINICAL FEVER THERMOMETER COMPARISONS 100 Tablets. . .$3.19 LUL k with purchase of any 3 or more Hudson I IlLL different Hudson products CORICIDIN 100 Tablets $3.98« Hudson PERTOC too Tablets $1.35 Guaranteed accurate for life . . . precision made ^VIODAY by American craftsmen. Easy to read and shake Effective aid in temporary relief of common cold PLUS IRON down. State choice on coupon below: oral or rectal. symptoms, if taken in early stages. 100 Tablets... $1.55 BUFFERIN 100 Tablets $1.39* VIODAY Plus Iron ONE-»-0*y + trMi Hudson BUFFERED ASPIRIN too Tablets FORMULA GERITOL*^ 49« (Hudson) (Uiiss Lobs.) Acts fast without upsetting the stomach. 100 Tablets... $5.95* ; Vil.» l.Smg. 5,000 U.S.P. Units 5,000 U.S.P.IJnili PLUS IRON 100 Tablets ' CHOCKS $3.50t Vfl. B 12.5 mtj. 500 U.S.P. Unili 500 «.S.f. Unils Hudson Vil. 8-1 jihiominej 2 mg. 2 mg. Hudson PERX PLUS IRON lOO Tablets $1.89 VH. B-7 Hiboflmm) 2.5 mg. 2.5 mg. ^GERIBAN^ Deliciously flavored vitamins with iron for children. Vil.((*«oibi< *(id) 50 mg. 50 mg. tClioclis Plus Iron suppi/ec; 60 lob/els @ $2.10 100 Tablets... Vil. B-6 (Pyridoiine) I mg. 1 mg. $2.25 THERAGRAN 100 Tablets $7.45* Vil. B-12 1 meg. 1 meg. GERIBAN TABtETS GEHlTei TABUn FORMUIA : Niotinamide 20 mg. 20 mg. Hudson ADAVITE lOO Tablets $3.25 (Hudson) (J. B, Wiiliomst

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 49 .

THE "GOOD OLD DAYS" ON WALL STREET Denture Wearers (Continued from page 48) When messy pastes about one-tenth of the proceeds. The system. He moved on to control the tenth actually went for the railroad's use. Western Union Telegraph Co. and New

and powders fail . . Erie stopped paying dividends, and it York City's elevated railways. Gould's Get ^ was almost 75 years before it recovered son, George Jay Gould, carried on the enough to pay a dividend again. Gould railway system in the southwest and the was later sued by the Erie after he had family interest in Western Union. sold his interest in the company, and was Gould's oldest daughter, Mrs. Helen £iO accused of having embezzled $9,726,541 Shepard, died in 1938 with a world repu- from the railway's treasury. He negoti- tation for philanthropy. Jay Gould him- ated a settlement, turning over real estate self died in 1892 of tuberculosis, aged Disposable Dental Cushions supposedly worth $6 million. It proved 57, with hardly a friend and a host of for Better Fit and Comfort to have been worth about $200,000. enemies, some of whom had tried but Soft cushion failed to assassinate him. Among his lasts up to WITH THE DESTRUCTION of the other achievements, it was his specula- 4 days! Tweed Ring in New York, Gould's tions in gold which almost single-hand- political front collapsed and he "retired" edly brought on the famous "Black Fri- /Kmenca's from the Erie by being kicked out in day" Wall Street panic of Sept. 14, 1869. Largest Selling 1 872—with about $25 million in his pri- Daniel Drew had said of him, "His touch Cushion vate account. is death." He soon bought his way into a strong Drew died in 1879 at the age of 72. OUTFIT STARTS YOU IN stockholder position in the Union Pa- He was penniless, in spite of the many BIG MONEY SHOE BUSINESS! cific Railway and made himself a direc- millions he'd owned. Shortly before his Run your own profitable 'shoe store' business /iro/nA0/7;« in spare or full tor. Completed in 1869, the U.P. was the death he characterized himself better time. We give you—fflff— complete Starting Outfit that makes first transcontinental railroad—with a than he knew. "I had been wonderfully you S2t7.00 EXTRA each month monopoly on coast-to-coast railroading. for just 2 easy orders a day. You feature 275 fast-selling dress, As with many monopolies, the U.P. was sport, worl( shoe styles for men and women. Air-cushion shoes, many other special features! both successful and inefficient. 21/2 to 16—widths AAAA to EEEE. Draw on 300,000 Sizes Gould, in a series of clever operations, pair stock. Your own shoes FREE. Discounts to your family. Prizes, bonuses—even a new car—at no cost to you. bought up the stock of many lesser rail- Rush postcard for your FREE Starting Outfit today... Now! roads, of them either bankrupt or MASON SHOE, Dept. G-481, CHIPPEWA FALLS, WIS. some little or no REDUCIBLE owning rights-of-way with track on them. RUPTURE AGONY, He then threatened his fellow directors of the U.P. They must agree that Removed the U.P. would give him one share of you slip into a WHEN U.P. stock for each share of his stock in low-cost, contour-designed Brooks Patented Air Cush- the feebler roads, or he'd weld them into ion Appliance! Your re- a competing transcontinental system that ducible rupture will be held would force U.P. to the wall. in securely yet gently—or Union Pacific stock was then worth the trial costs you nothing! This invention has made millions of sufferers happy. You more than $50, while his stock in the can enjoy heavenly comfort night and day at dogs he'd purchased had cost him less work play— or the Appliance and costs you than $3 a share. In the end, the Union NOTHING. Isn't this worth a no-risk trial by Pacific surrendered. Gould got you? If interested, write for free facts now. 200,000 »ROOKS CO., 302-D. STATE ST., MARSHALL, MICH. U.P. shares in one transaction and sold them immediately for about $10 million, 25c SAMPLE ($1 Retail) before the stock crashed at the news of Make up to $10 an hour in your spare time Just showing this amazing little invention that threads a needle sim- this watering. In all of his U.P. opera- ply by pressing a button. Show it to "Well, I suppose you're mad at the women (men, too) and watch them tions over four years, he is estimated to grab it out of your hands for only messy job I did with your bookkeeping." $1.00. No sales experience needed. INTRODUCTORY OFFER: Rush have made $20 million. 25c for sample or $3 for 1 doz. in 3-color store display Gould, like Vanderbilt, had one thing carton, and money making THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE facts, plus other self-selling moneymakers. going for him that Drew and Fisk had UNIOUE PRODUCTS, Dept. T-4573 not. He knew railroading, and he knew blessed in money-making," he told a 216 W. Jackson Blvd.. Chicago. 111.60606 how to make a railroad tick. Both Gould newspaperman. "I got to be a millionaire

and Vanderbilt were giants of transpor- afore I knowed it, hardly." Sure beats smoking! tation development as well as ruthless Fisk, still a young man, was shot to speculators. The U.P. directors never death in 1872 at the climax of a love doubted that Gould really could create triangle involving his mistress, Josie a rail system that could wreck their Mansfield. monopoly. Drew and Fisk could hardly When Vanderbilt died in 1877 he was make such a threat stick, least of all Fi«,k. worth over $100 million. And though

Gould went on to prove it. After he he had ruthlessly squeezed every dollar moved out of the U.P. with his new mil- he could from his operations, he outdid lions, he put together a vast railway sys- Gould in leaving a genuine mark on the tem in the southwest that was "the only nation's development of rail transporta- true competitor of the Santa Fe." By tion. 1890, he had welded half of the railroad That fantastic age of freewheeling United States Tobacco Company mileage in the southwest into a single speculation is as remote from us now as 50 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 — - buggywhips and gaslights. You can still 1934, with broad federal authority to r be swindled in the stock market, just as regulate both the issuance and sale of you can still be mugged on the street, securities. Here's how but nearly all the dodges that helped the To name the SEC's first chairman. LEROY early tycoons to vast unearned wealth President Franklin D. Roosevelt picked ELLIOTT by outright cheating are illegal. a man who knew all the tricks, Joseph became It took a series of bumpy panics—one P. Kennedy, father of the late President. successful in 1873, one in 1893, one in 1907, and Roosevelt's closest advisors were greatly from 929 Kennedy freely admitted a lulu in 1 —before it became evident shocked. AtoZ that the government would have to step that he had made millions in the sort of in and regulate the workings of the se- market activities that were now to be prohibited. "I say it isn't true," one FDR Former building contractor and now an A to Z Rental aide exclaimed on hearing of Kennedy's Center owner in Billings, Montana appointment. "It is impossible. It just "35% increase in earnings eacli year," could not happen." says Leroy Elliott. "1964 through 1966 It did happen, and it turned out to be have been good growth years and I expect a feather in FDR's cap to put a man in 1967 to bring even greater earnings." charge who had played the game and Yes, that's the success story when you won. Joseph P. Kennedy was a tough get into the nation's fastest growing busi- and able administrator. He made the ness -the profitable rental field... and you can own your own A to Z Rental Center SEC a going institution. Four years producing a gross income of $35,000 to later, Stock Exchange President Whitney $95,000 yearly. figured in the last great scandal of the A to Z is the community rental center for stock market as a whole. He went to everything used in the home or business. jail on a charge of grand larceny, after Our Full-Support Program helps assure -regardless your back- admitting misappropriating funds of the your success of ground or previous experience. Over 200 customers of his brokerage firm. A to Z Rental Centers in operation or ready The SEC has brought a monumental to open. 25% cash investment required to available revolution on Wall Street. "Insiders" $7,500 $18,750. We make initial and growth financing if you qualify. directors, executives, or large stockholders—may not speculate in their own WRITE, WIREOR PHONETODAY Warren S. Claussen stocks. They must register their holdings Vice President Suite 1676-M. with the SEC and file notice of any 164 W. Jacl

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 51 " ,

Shrinks Hemorrhoids PERSONAL New Way Without Surgery U.S. PATENT OVERHAUL? Stops Itch -Relieves Pain

For the first time science has found a EASIER CLOTHES CARE. new healing suljstance with the astonishing ability to shrink hemorrhoids and to relieve pain — without surgery. TIPS ON BANK INTEREST. In case after case, while gently relieving pain, actual reduction (shrinkage) took place. Most amazing of all — results were so If you tinker around with inventions, you will want to keep an eye on thorough that sufferers made astonishing some proposals that could change the U.S. patent system drastically. A statements like "Piles have ceased to be a problem! Presidential commission has just urged a major overhaul to promote faster The secret is a new healing substance use of new technology. Here's the general idea: (Bio-Dyne® ) — discovery of a world-famous first fellow who files for them. Presently, research institute. 1) Grant patent rights to the This substance is now available in sup- the rights go—not to the first to file but—to the "first to invent." Proponents pository or ointment form under the name of the "first to file" method say it will stop much of the time-consuming Preparation H®. Ask for it at all drug counters. legal bickering that now goes on, and moreover will force an inventor to file just as fast as he can. spreading news FALSE TEETH 2) Speed up the printing of patent applications, thereby of an invention quickly and encouraging fast licensing. Now! Talk, laugh, eat with confidence (currently 17 years) to maybe 20. -without embarrassment. Hold 3) Extend the life of a patent loose plates comfortably , iii/'w-, 4) Make law suits more difficult and costly. Staze is secure all day. Try dentist's t4^L---

The race among financial institutions to get your deposit money is so DRAINS cellars, cisterns, wosh tubs; big-return IRRIGATES - CIRCULATES - SPRAYS hot that the government now is carefully scanning those Tyi>e P Pump has 1,001 uses. Stainless to do likewise. For example: shaft. Won't rust or clogi Use 1/6 HP promises made in ads. It may pay you

motor or larger. . . 3/^ HI* for up to2,400 • advertised interest rate really is. t'.l'n-. 450 GPH 80' hicrh; or 1 .800 Gl'll Be sure you understand what the from 25' well. 1" inlet; 3/4" outlet. CouFilinu- includerl free S8.95 headlining on certificates of deposit. Heavy Duty Ball-Bearing Pump. Up to Some ads recently have been 6V2% 1" r..2(in GPH: 1 ".i" inlet; outlet, $12.95 will find that the GVaS^ really Postpaifi if cash with order. Money Back But if you examine this fantastic payoff, you Guarantee. Also other sizes, types. represents compounded daily for ten years; on a one-year basis, it LABAWCO PUMPS, 561 5% would be 5.13%. Ask yourself: How long do I have to leave the money on deposit to hit the jackpot? Also: How often is the interest compounded? or • Find out what happens to your interest if you make withdrawals you miserable with jjaiti and aches of leg wind additional deposits. If you start with $100, increase it to $1,000, and I ulcers, swelling, itch, rash due to deep venous congestion or leg swelling of bulged veins or in- interest period, which figure is the bank I up with $750 at the end of an juries? Find out about proven VISCOSE that I might want to shop for another bank. I works as you walk. Easy to use. Money-back going to pay on? If it's only $100, you today. I guaranteed trial. Send for FREE BOOK incur for making • Be sure to inquire what penalties— if any—you will L. E. COMPANY VISCOSE subtractions from your account. llOO W. Chicago Ave.. Chicago, III. 60610 early or large all accounts, • Investigate whether a specified interest rate applies to a certain regardless of size, or whether it applies only to accounts above "WILLYOU SMOKE MY minimum.

NEW KIND OF PIPE... are Two situations that affect just about everybody's pocketbook now 30 Days at My Risk?" shaping up as follows: get the New principle that con- • Mortgage and installment money will be a bit easier to m tradicts every idea ahead. The government is loosening its fiscal screws somewhat, and you've ever had about months supply of money are coming into better pipe smoking. I guaran- furthei-more, the demand and rates. They will tee it to smoke cool and balance. But don't look for any sudden drop in interest mild hour after hour, stay at sky-high levels for a while. day after day, without of the • prices are going to remain stiff, and there won't be any rest, without bite, bit- Gasoline Viet- terness or sludge. old-fashioned price wars this year. Supplies are tight because of: 1) it, I'll'^ new refinery To prove nam demands, 2) big domestic consumption, and 3) not much let you try a new about a year before there's any chance of a price drop. Carey Pipe. Send capacity. It will be your name and address today for my FREE —By Edgar A. Grunwald

complete trial offer. Write to : E. A. CAREY, 1920 Sunnyside Ave., Dept. 246-C Chicago 40. 52 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 .

THE STORY OF ARLINGTON'S "OLD GUARD" REGIMENT IF YOU LIKE TO (Continued from page 26) members must have qualities which go SAVE MONEY. beyond such obvious physical require- ments as strength, endurance and dex- terity. A man must have a spotless mili- PLUG IN MY tary and civilian record to be selected for this company which performs the GRASS most exacting ceremonial duties. He ZOYSIA must be immaculate in appearance and Amazoy is the Trade Mark By MIKE SENKIW. Agronomist, Zoysia Farms bearing, be of slender build and stand registered U. S. Patent Of- fice for our Meyer Z-52 between 6 feet and 6 feet, 3 inches in Zoysia Grass. As a turf specialist I recommend my READ HOW I CAN OFFER YOU height. Also, he must be highly intelli- Zoysia Grass for your area gent and possess a generous measure of because I have had more BEAUTIFUL, PERENNIAL GRASS practical experience grow- diplomatic aplomb because "you never ing Zoysia than any other turf expert in the country. PRESENT know who will ask you a question or NO NEED TO RIP OUT YOUR GRASS, PLUG AMAZOY INTO YOUR OLD LAWN, what that question will be." When I add up all the ways I used lawn, NEW GROUND OR NURSERY AREA. wearing the to put work and money into my Old Guardsmen Army Just set Amazoy plugs into holes in ground it's almost shocking. Reseeding, fer- Ceremonial Blue uniform can practically like a cork in a bottle. Plant 1 foot apart, tilizing and weed-killing would rob checkerboard style. (Each plug 3 sq. inches.) count on one question, "Did you buy that in existing areas, plugs and every Spring. When planted lawn me of time money will spread to drive out old, unwanted growth uniform, or did your unit issue it to In the Summer, just keeping my lawn including weeds. Easy planting instructions with order. you?" The unit issues the uniform, which green through hot, dry spells was an- PLUG IT SOD, NO SEED the Guardsman keeps in spotless condi- other struggle. It was sprinkler off, IN—NO Do not mistake Amazoy pre-cuf plugs for sod or tion. The story goes that one man, asked sprinkler on . . . mowing and weeding seed of any type grass. There's no seed that pro- if his uniform ever collected much lint, without end. duces wtnter-hardy Meyer Zoysia. Sod of ordinary grass, carries with it the same problems as seed— Yet all this work often brings only replied, "It's never been far enough from such as weed, diseases, frequent mowing, burning garden lovers, as a clothes brush to find out." disappointment to out, etc. shown by the experiences of Mrs. For Slopes, Play Areas, Bare Spots Harry Winslowe who writes me from Or correct problem areas such as slopes SENTINELS AT THE Tomb of the Un- where Amazoy halts erosion, in hard-to-cover the heart of wintry New England: spots, around swim pools, in play areas, etc. known Soldier are members of the "To let you know how pleased we YOUR OWN SUPPLY OF Honor Guard Company. A guard walks are with our Amazoy Zoysia lawn. PLUG TRANSPLANTS Your established turf provides you with Zoy- the Tomb for one hour and is then off We had a lawn that was a disgrace. sia plugs for other areas as you may desire. the following three hours, but he is far My husband used weed killer for PATENTED f WITH from idle. He presses his uniform, pol- every known weed—but next season STEP-ON ICEE LARGER the PLUGGER mMiBB ORDERS ishes his boots and changes his gloves. new weeds sprang up. We dug lawn up twice and re- seeded before This full size, step-on pluggcr (as (The gloves' snowy appearance has illustrated) is rugged, yet so light a we learned about Amazoy. It does woman can handle it easily. A growth- caused more than one lady to complain everything you say." producing, 2-way plugger that cuts that hers never looked that clean, even away competing growth at same time That's only one of many thousands it digs hole for the plugs. Saves when new, and what's their secret? None, of happy Zoysia lawn owners coast bending, time. work. $4.9.") separately, also available free in special combina- really. gloves The are changed after an to coast. Such results, like my own, tion with order of grass (600 plugs hour's use and washed daily in soap, show that you, too, can be proud of or more) MILLION PLUGS SOLD! water and bleach.) a beautiful Amazoy lawn that cuts MORE THAN 50 Outsells All Others Five To One! is your work and saves you money. The sentry an impressive sight as he Every Amazoy plug is grown for transplant- supervision. plays his part in the eternal vigil at the ing exclusively, under my full-time CHOKES OUT CRABGRASS It's this controlled transplant o.uality that h.-iis Tomb. His rifle, an Amazoy the world's best known Zoysia M-14 with a chrome Your Amazoy lawn grows so thick and lux- made Grass . . . and our nurseries into the world's urious it chokes out crabgrass all bayonet, is always on the shoulder away and weeds largest growers. summer long year after year. Never spend a from the Tomb as a gesture of respect. — So why put up with a lawn you must cod- cent on crabgrass killers again. dle? A lawn that burns out just when you He is not permitted to speak, except un- want it most? Sooner or later you're sure to plug in Zoysia, why not now? Order Amazoy der special circumstances. CUTS WATERING AND MOWING, TOO and let it spread into thrillingly beautiful turf. Your drought-resistant, fully established For example, if someone enters the Amazoy lawn not only cuts your water bills, restricted Dept. 313, ZOYSIA FARMS area around the Tomb, the it cuts your work in other ways: It cuts push- 6414 Reisterstown Rd., Baltimore, Md. 21215 ing a noisy mower under broiling summer guard may issue a warning; but first he a 333 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago, Illinois 60601 sun by 2/3. It resists blight, insects and dis. 618 Little BIdg., Botton, Mast. 02116 halts and brings his rifle to port arms. eases. It will NOT WINTER KILL TO Please ship the following order: Usually, the resulting slap of the white- TEMPS. 30° BELOW ZERO. After killing Full Size 100 100 Plugs frosts, it merely goes off its green color, re- $^95 $A95 | S095 I gloved hands against the highly polished Plugger ^ Plugs I &. Plugger ™ I gains fresh new beauty every Spring a true — 200 300 rifle stock is sufficient I notice to send the perennial that ends re-seeding forever! 200 20 Plugs & Plugs tc $1 I $1 •iJS $1775 I * ' ' ^ ' ^ trespasser scurrying away. Plugs Plugger Plugger I EVERY PLUG IS 600 Plugs SOT95I MOO Plugs $4o95 Plugger Plugger The Old Guard's motto is "Noli Me & \ & If you live EAST of Rocky Mts., add Tangere," a derivative GUARANTEED TO GROW 75( per 100 of the Revolu- plugs. If you live WEST of Rocky Mts., add In Your Soil • In Your Area per 100 tion's "Don't Tread On Me," and liter- $2.25 plugs and we pay complete han- • WONT WINTER KILL—has survived dling & shipping costs. If you prefer to omit ally the handling means "No One Dare Touch Me." temperatures 30° below zero! charge, enclose payment for grass only and you will then pay transportation charge No one can touch them as elite repre- • WON'T HEAT KILL—when other grasses on delivery. Do NOT enclose hdlg. chge. on 1100 I burn out, Amazoy stays green and lovely! plug orders; shipped only FOB Md. Nursery Farm. sentatives of the military. the end I enclese every plug must grow within 45 check. .money order I DAYS OR WE REPLACE IT FREE—EN- Zip Code ALL your mail TIRELY AT OUR RISK AND EXPENSE. NAME. I I when new Postal Regulations go into Since we're hardly in business for the fun it, ADDRESS effect, your mail will be delayed if of you know we have to be sure of our I product. it doesn't show your Zip Code. Start CITY. I now to give your Zip Code as part MEYER Z-52 ZOYSIA GRASS WAS PERFECTED of your address on ALL your mail. BY U.S. GOVT. I ZONE STATE. Ep. HELP YOUR POSTOFFICE HELP YOU APPROVED BY U.S. GOLF ASSOC. I THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 53 M'GREGOR 126 IWORLDWIDEI GOiS STAMPS rSSHOPPER just released

FOR TALL OR BIG MEN ONLY RUSH REPLY and get 126 colorful stamps — NEW McGregor Jackets, Slacks, Sweaters ... all extra long. ISSUES: Columbia, Surinam, Nigeria, many others. Arrow Shirts with bodies cut 4" longer, sleeves to 38. OLD ISSUES: Mexico, Monaco, Maldive Island, ALSO 80 SMART SHOE STYLES in sizes 10 AAA to 16 EEE. more. Pictorial, airmail — odd shapes, sizes, Hush Puppies, Boots, Dress, Sport, Casual Shoes. Mail only. everything. Plus exciting selections of stamps to 100% Guaranteed. Send for FREE 72 Page Color CATALOG. examine. Buy any — or none — return in 10 days. KING-SIZE, Inc. 2497 King-Size BIdg., Brockton, Mass. Cancel service anytime. PLUS color souvenir, story 1 of World's Rarest Stamp. Send 10« today. I GARCELON STAMP CO., Dept. AL33, Calais, Maine I IRRITATING EYEGLASS MARKS? ' UNCOMFORTABLE SLIP and SLIDE?

HANDSOME DRESS SHIRT has embroid- ered lace front, unusual button treatment. White only, sizes 14-17; sleeves 32-36. $6.95 ppd. or $2 deposit on C.O.D., you pay postage. Write for free catalog of Use GLASS-EZE dramatic apparel and footwear from Italy, Spain, England. Eleganza Imports, 507 Prevent Irritation and unsightly eyeglass pressure Monument St., Brockton, Mass. 02403. marks. Avoid slipping and sliding. Completely in- visible! SELF ADHESIVE, APPLY IN SECONDS AND FORGET ABOUT YOUR GLASSES! Great for earrings and hearing aids. 36 pads LEARN UPHOLSTERY AT HOME. Send for free Supply of 24 nose cushions and 12 ear irinn illustrated -book on home stijdy course for uphol- tabs in plastic case. ONLY $1.00 ppd. !>1UU stering sofas, chairs, footstools, bullt-ins. New 'The ORIGINAL eyeglasses pads." ppd. methods, all styles Including fabulous new Naugahydes. Free special upholsterer's tools. SELECT VALUES, Inc., Dept. AL-12 Fine spare time income, high-paying job oppor- 30-68 Steinway St.. Long Island City. N. T. 11103 tunities all over. Earn while you learn in spare time. Fascinating. Approved for veterans (if eligible send attention Vet. Advisor). Write for free book, free sample lesson to Modern Upholstery, Box 899-KK, Orange, Calif. 92669.

This section is presented as a service to readers and advertisers. All COLORFUL DINOSAURS featured In new products are sold with a money- collection of 208 different world-wide stamps. Also many pictorials; other stamps back guarantee. When ordering, MORE BRILLIANT than DIAMONDS says Reader's Di- to examine free. Buy any at low prices; gest, SatEvePost about this new, man-made please alow a reasonable amount return balance within 10 days; cancel jewel Titania! For settings of your choice only service any time. All for only 100 ppd. Wil- S12 per carat; a 1-ct man's box 14K ring is only of time for handling and shipping. Zenith Stamp Co., Dept. GU-29, 81 loughby St., Brooklyn, N.Y. 11201. S37; m'lady's 1-ct fishtail a mere $29. No more Be sure to include Zip Code number federal tax. Write for FREE HANDY RING SIZE CHART & 120 PAGE FULL COLOR .along with your address. JEWELRY CATALOG. ten oat MONEY BACK GUARANTEE Lapidary Company Dept AL-7 511 E.4ST 12 STREET » NEW YORK 9, N. Y. 95 DARLING PET Clip On" Magnifiers COLLAR EXTENDER MONKEY Eases Tight Shirt Collar Discomfort FREE cage, This Squirrel Monkey makes FREE leather an adorable pet and com- collar and leash panion. Almost human with FREE toy ai ts warm eyes, your family will 10fo.«100ppd instructions ove it. These YOUNG monkeys included grow about 12 inches higii. 2 Sets of 10 for $1.59 ppd. with each Eats same food as you, even monkey. likes lollipops; simple to care Collar fit tightly due to shrink- Clip these MAGNIFIERS on your regular Loads of for and train. Live delivery age, washing, starching, growth, fun and guaranteed. Only $18.95 prescription glasses. SEE CLEARER IN- weight increase? Add up to '/i amusement. express collect. Mail check or STANTLY. Read fine print. Do close work size for just-right fit instantly, money order for $18.95 to: ideal for men and growing boys. ANIMAL FARM easily. Neat, white metal frame fits all Slips on and off In seconds. Dept. L-gO, Box 1042 glasses 10-Day Home Trial. SATISFAC- Miami Beach 39, Fla. Send check or Ivl . ; no O . TION GUARANTEED. On arrival pay C.O.D.'s. Money-back guarantee. postman only $4, plus C.O.D., or send $4, BARCLAY, Dept. 67-C and we pay postage. PRECISION OPTICAL CO., Dept. 34-c.Rochelle, IIL 170-30 Jannaica Ave., Jamaica, N.Y., I 1432

PULL HAIR DON'T FROM NOSE

May Cause Fatal Iiifeclion

Use Ihe Hollis KlIPETTE "5:Ltf Made in U.S.A Ss Simpltl 0LYMPIC^^I3^^KETS You con cause serious infection by f Just turn end. Surplus hak pulling hoir from nose. Ordinary J comes out easily, gently. U.N.STAMPS scissors ore also dangerous and improclicoble. No belter way to Made .'rora fine remove hair from nose and ea surgical steel. Goodbye RUPTURE Misery C li r 0 111 i u than with KLIPETTE. Smooth, m GIANT STAMP COLLECTION plated. COMFO-TRUSS giues amazing, instant relief from dis- gentle, sofe, efficient. Rounded comfort of reducible inguinal hernia. Patented. Weighs Incluiling: Astronauts. Satellites. Moonrockets. Boy points can't cut or prick skin. Satisfy CuormlMd W «f Money lodt 3V2 oz. Body belt of soft, perforated-for-coolness foam Scout Issue, Complete UN Set. Recent Olympic and rubber. No laces, no snaps — quick, one-buckle adjust- Sport issues from many countries, HOLIIS CO. • 1133 Broadway, N*w Yoric 10, N. Y. Dept. P-16 ment. Foam rubber pad. Washable. Right, Left, $4.98; etc.; rius Bie Stamp Dictionary double, $6.98 plus postage. Send measurement Only Enclosed Is Sl.OO tor KLIPETTE. If 1 am not entirely — 25c "I and Approvals. Everything lOtI 0 satisfied, I may return It within 10 da>-s for refund. around lower abdomen to Kinlen Co., Dept. AL-37C, 809 Wyandotte Street, Kansas City, Missouri E4105. STAMPEX, Box 47-RE, White Plains, N.Y.

54 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 i

36 FAMOUS AMERICiVKSI •sirSHOPPER Plus NEW COMPLETE U.S. CATALOG/ 4 SENSATIONAL OFFERS IN ONE — ONLY 250! 1. Choice collection of 36 stamps bearing classic portraits of Victor Herbert, Emerson, Alexander Hamilton, Edison, Sam Houston, Andrew Carnegie, Luther Burbank and other famous Americans.

2. Scarce centennial of first U.S.A. issued 1847!

3. Collectors Guide; other unusual stamps from our Approval Service which you may return without

purchases and may cancel service at any time.

4. Complete U. S. Catalog — 786 illustrations! Send name, address, zip, and 25t — TODAY H. E. HARRIS, DEPT. A-150, BOSTON^MASS. 02117

H, E. HARRIS, DEPT. A-150, BOSTON, MASS. 02117 ALL-PURPOSE MAGNETS hold notes, lists, Rush U. S. stamps and other offers. I enclose 25t. letters, papers securely to metal surfaces. Use in home, office, factory. Creative, too. Powerful Vn" magnets are rubber-coated Name to prevent scratching surfaces. 100, only $1, ppd. Select Values, Inc., Dept. AL-13, Address 30-68 Steinway St., Long Island City, N.Y. City, State 11103. & Zip Code

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THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 55 r

PEACE, IT'S WONDERFUL In family matters you never saw PARTING SHOTS A situation that's calmer, I'm getting along with my mother-in-law By getting a long way from her. Berton Brale\ HIGH FINANCE

Bankruptcy is when a man's yearning capacity exceeds his earning capacity and his creditor's lending capacity. Wilfred Beaver MODERN EXCUSE "Why haven't you brushed your teeth?" The small boy's mother said "I can't," the lad replied, "Because the battery's dead." Kenneth D. Loss PAPER EXPLOSION These days we're doing twice as much clerical work as we used to do. We don't know any more than we did, but now we're

getting it on paper. Sam Ewing SLOW DOWN Careful drivers aren't rare;

That's why I often worry . . . They seem to come from everywhere When I am in a hurry.

"If I catch you guys loafing once more, you're fired!" D. E. Twiggs

THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE "THERE'S A REASON" The reason that rock 'n' roll singers are

so young is that if they were any older— they'd be embarrassed. HEAVEN—BY COMPARISON Lucille J. Goodyear "Did you give tlic suspect a good going over?" the police captain asked the chief of detectives. WHERE ELSE? "We sure did," he rephed. "We browbeat him, badgered him and asked Put a big smile liim every question we could possibly think of." Upon your face "And did he break down and confess?" queried the captain. It would look odd "No, sir," was the reply. "He merely dozed off mumbling, 'Yes, dear, Any other place you are perfectly right'l" Wanda Tucker F. G. Kernan

SHE'S NOT SO FLIGHTY Two girls were talking about their future plans. One remarked that she intended to get a job as an airline stewardess. "That way," she said, "I'll meet lots of men." "Might be an idea," agreed her companion, "but wouldn't you meet as many men doing something else?" The first girl shrugged and said: "Could be, but not strapped down." Kf.n'Neth H. R. SiMKiN

RED SEA CROSSING IN THE 20th CENTURY Little Timothy came in from Sunday School and his mother asked him what he had learned that morning. He proceeded to tell her the Bible story about the people who were running away from the mean king and they didn't want to be captured. They came to some water and took out their walkie-talkies and asked a

man across the river if it was safe to come across. He said yes and then they inflated their rubber rafts and floated everybody across and escaped. His mother, slightly inibelieving, asked: "Is that really what your teacher told you about Moses and the people he was leading from bondage?" "I know she has an inferiority complex- Timmy said, "No. Rut if I told you what she really said I figured you'd let's keep it that way!" never believe it." Jean Green THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE

56 THE AMERICAN LEGION MAGAZINE • MARCH 1967 Seagram Distillers Co., N.Y.C. Blended Whiskey. 86 Proof. Grain Neutral Spirits.

Say Seagram's and be a Sure One.

What's a "Sure One"? This is what our dictionary says: "Sure One (shoor wun) n. 1. an astute person who chooses Seagram's 7 Crown because of its smoothness, its constant quahty and its unvarying good taste in every drink, straight or mixed. 2. an affectionate nickname for the world's most popular brand of whiskey. Seagram's 7 Crown." For further information, consult your local bartender. Or just say Seagram's and find out for yourself. Seagram's 7 Crown—The Sure One. CO Pr RIGHT© 196 7, The COCA-COLA COMPANy -i .ii'ANO" COKE "ARE REGISTEREOIWADe-MARKSWHICM IDENTIFYONlY THE PRODUCT OF THE COCA-COLA COMPANY.