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Architecture Development of Temples and Chapels of Christian Theological

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Architecture Development of Temples and Chapels of Christian Theological DOI: 10.4467/25438700SM.19.030.11367 LITERATURA BIBLIOGRAPHY VIKTOR PROSKURYAKOV*, ROSTYSLAV STOTSKO** [1] W. Chudzik, Centralny Okręg Przemysłowy (1937-1939) – ludzie, [1] W. Chudzik, Central Industrial District (1937-1939) – people, offices, urzędy, instytucje i system administracyjny [w:] Dzieje biurokracji tom institutions and administrative system [in:] History of bureaucracy volu- VI, red. T. Bykowa, A. Górak, G. Smyk, Lublin 2016, s. 789-796 me VI, ed. T. Bykowa, A. Górak, G. Smyk, Lublin 2016, p. 789-796 [2] M. Cobel-Tokarska, Przestrzeń społeczna: świat – dom – miasto [2] M. Cobel-Tokarska, Social space: world – home – city [in:] Short lec- [w:] Krótkie wykłady z socjologii. Przegląd problemów i metod, red. tures on sociology. Review of problems and methods, ed. A. Firkowska- A. Firkowska-Mankiewicz, T. Kanash, E. Tarkowska, Warszawa 2011, -Mankiewicz, T. Kanash, E. Tarkowska, Warszawa 2011, p. 45-61 Architecture development of s. 45-61 [3] M. Furtak, CID Central Industrial District 1936-1939. Architectu- [3] M. Furtak, COP Centralny okręg przemysłowy 1936-1939. Architek- re and Urban Planning, Publishing House Księży Młyn, Kraków-Łódź tura i Urbanistyka, Dom Wydawniczy Księży Młyn, Kraków-Łódź 2014 2014 [4] A. J. Kozłowski, Społeczno-polityczne uwarunkowania budowy [4] A. J. Kozłowski, Socio-political conditions of the construction of the temples and chapels of Christian Centralnego Okręgu Przemysłowego [w:] Centralny Okręg Przemysło- Central Industrial District [in:] Central Industrial District. Concept and wy. Koncepcja i realizacja w artykułach prasowych z lat 1935-1939, implementation in press articles from 1935-1939, ed. A. J. Kozłowski, red. A. J. Kozłowski, A. Buszko, I. Z. Czaplicka-Kozłowska, s. 63-81 A. Buszko, I. Z. Czaplicka-Kozłowska, p. 63-81 [5] A. Sikora, Atrakcyjność turystyczna „nowych” miast COP – na przy- [5] A. Sikora, Tourist attractiveness of “new” CID cities – on the example kładzie Nowej Dęby [in:] Od projektu do legendy. Centralny Okręg of Nowa Dęba [in:] From design to legend. Central Industrial District theological-humanitarian Przemysłowy po osiemdziesięciu latach (1937-2017), Wydawnictwo after eighty years (1937-2017), University of Rzeszów Publishing House, Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, Rzeszów 2018, s. 341-352 Rzeszów 2018, p. 341-352 [6] A. Sikora, Crisis Phenomena in “City-District”, Czasopismo Inżynierii [6] A. Sikora, Crisis Phenomena in “City-Estate”, Czasopismo Inżynierii Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury - Journal of Civil Engineering, Envi- Lądowej, Środowiska i Architektury - Journal of Civil Engineering, Envi- educational institutions in Ukraine ronment and Architecture. JCEEA, t. XXXV, V. 65 (4/18), Rzeszów, 2018 ronment and Architecture. JCEEA, t. XXXV, V. 65 (4/18), Rzeszów, 2018 [7] A. Sikora, The development of small settlements in the industrial [7] A. Sikora, The development of small settlements in the industrial plant - city model - based on the examples of Nowa Dęba and Nowa plant - city model - based on the examples of Nowa Dęba and Nowa Sarzyna, E3S Web Conf., Volume 45, 2018, VI International Conference Sarzyna, E3S Web Conf., Volume 45, 2018, VI International Con- Abstract of Science and Technology Infraeko 2018 Modern Cities. Infrastruc- ference of Science and Technology Infraeko 2018 Modern Cities. The article highlights the sacred component of architecture of theological-humanitarian Christian educational institutions. It ture and Environment. 2018 Infrastructure and Environment. 2018 [8] A. Sikora, Possibilities for Creating Public Spaces in a Small Town: [8] A. Sikora, Possibilities for Creating Public Spaces in a Small Town: researches the architectural and space-planning decisions of temples and chapels of theological-humanitarian educational Case Study, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 603, Case Study, IOP Conf. Series: Materials Science and Engineering 603, institutions. 2019 2019 The objective of the research is to determine the major principles of architecture development common for the sacred core of theological-humanitarian educational institutions. The research has been conducted by means of analyzing the historical experience of designing and constructing temples and chapels of theological educational institutions in Ukraine, carrying out field observations, systematizing the results of previo- us scientific researches, as well as analyzing the design decisions and the implemented projects. The methods of typological analysis, experimental design, and questionnaire-based survey have been applied in the course of the research. The results of the conducted research helped to outline the major principles of architecture development common for the sacred core of theological-humanitarian educational institutions, determine the major factors influencing the architecture of temples and chapels of similar institutions, and offer the suggestions for designing temples and chapels of theological- -humanitarian educational institutions in Ukraine. Key words: architecture, sacredness, temple, chapel, education, science, theological seminary, theological-humanitarian university 1. Introduction nization on the Ukrainian terrains are covered not The development of the world civilization is based on sufficiently and, thus, require specialized research. the spiritual and material background, the development The contemporary tendencies of designing and of theological and secular education, the harmony of constructing temples of theological-humanitarian faith and real opportunities, the general human values, educational institutions in Ukraine are character- and the specificity of the world view that is adherent to ized by combining the traditional sacred architec- different social and religious communities. As a part of ture and the modern architecture of secular edu- the Christian world, Ukraine is gradually returning to the cational institutions. However, such approach is spiritual origins of education, especially in the realm of a very simplified model of architectural and space- humanitarian education [5]. planning organization of a temple in a theological- The architectural and space-planning organization of the humanitarian educational institution and does not newly established theological-humanitarian educational fully take into account the specificity of functional institutions in Ukraine is based on the traditional types structure that includes both the sacred component of theological educational institutions, in which temples and the academic purpose of a building. The prob- are endowed with special spiritual and functional mean- lem of the complex approach to designing temples ing. However, the dynamic development of architecture and chapels of theological-humanitarian educa- of theological and educational centers requires new tional institutions in Ukraine has not been reflect- approaches and knowledge of architectural and space- ed in the official regulatory documents and, thus, planning organization of temples and chapels located scientists are required to elaborate the theoretical on the territories of educational campuses. It calls for basis of the methodology of designing temples the new humanitarian and high-tech architecture, which and chapels belonging to this type. The analysis would be elaborated as based on the principles of faith of modern architecture tendencies applicable to and high level of general spirituality. temples of theological-humanitarian institutions in The development of architectural typology of temples Ukraine enabled the possibility of conducting the belonging to theological-humanitarian educational in- comprehensive research on the architectural typol- stitutions and their architectural and functional orga- ogy of such temples, determining the major factors * Viktor Proskuryakov – professor, PhD in Architecture, Head of the Department of Architectural Environment Design of the Institute of Architecture at Lviv Polytechnic National University (Lviv, Ukraine), e-mail: [email protected], ORCID: 0000-0003-1022-8984 52 **Rostyslav Stotsko – PhD Candidate in Architecture (PhD), PhD candidate of the Department of Architectural Environment Design of 53 the Institute of Architecture at Lviv Polytechnic National University (Lviv, Ukraine), e-mail: [email protected], ORCID: 0000- 0003-0944-5914 that have the most significant impact on the architec- of theological and theological-humanitarian insti- a) main facade has the minimum possible width, i.e. emonial walks around it, and the campus buildings ture development, establishing the basic architectural tutions, we need to emphasize that the topic has buildings of the theological-humanitarian educational are arranged in the free order); c) asymmetrical lo- principles, and outlining the methodology of designing been studied only by a few architects and scien- complex are arranged deep in the campus heartland cation of the temple. The temple is integrated into modern temples (chapels) of theological-humanitarian tists. Its coverage lacks profoundness and calls for and it can be defined as campus of the “deep” type educational and administrative buildings (free plan- educational institutions in Ukraine. the further detailed research. (Ukrainian Catholic University at Stryiska Street, Lviv; ning of the building complex, comfortable transi- Kharkiv Theological Seminary, Ill. 1); tion to the temple through covered walkways). 2. The aim of the publication 4. The main part b) main facade has the significant width, i.e. buildings 2. Theological-humanitarian
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