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Rosa Multiflora ALL ZONES Answer Score Assessment date 22 March 2017 Rosa multiflora ALL ZONES Answer Score 1.01 Is the species highly domesticated? n 0 1.02 Has the species become naturalised where grown? 1.03 Does the species have weedy races? 2.01 Species suited to Florida's USDA climate zones (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 North Zone: suited to Zones 8, 9 Central Zone: suited to Zones 9, 10 South Zone: suited to Zone 10 2.02 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) 2 2.03 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y 1 2.04 Native or naturalized in habitats with periodic inundation y North Zone: mean annual precipitation 50-70 inches Central Zone: mean annual precipitation 40-60 inches South Zone: mean annual precipitation 40-60 inches 1 2.05 Does the species have a history of repeated introductions outside its natural range? y 3.01 Naturalized beyond native range y 2 3.02 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed y 2 3.03 Weed of agriculture y 4 3.04 Environmental weed y 4 3.05 Congeneric weed y 2 4.01 Produces spines, thorns or burrs y 1 4.02 Allelopathic unk 0 4.03 Parasitic n 0 4.04 Unpalatable to grazing animals n -1 4.05 Toxic to animals n 0 4.06 Host for recognised pests and pathogens y 1 4.07 Causes allergies or is otherwise toxic to humans unk 0 4.08 Creates a fire hazard in natural ecosystems unk 0 4.09 Is a shade tolerant plant at some stage of its life cycle ? 4.10 Grows on infertile soils (oligotrophic, limerock, or excessively draining soils). North & y Central Zones: infertile soils; South Zone: shallow limerock or Histisols. 1 4.11 Climbing or smothering growth habit y 1 4.12 Forms dense thickets y 1 5.01 Aquatic n 0 5.02 Grass n 0 5.03 Nitrogen fixing woody plant n 0 5.04 Geophyte n 0 6.01 Evidence of substantial reproductive failure in native habitat n 0 6.02 Produces viable seed y 1 6.03 Hybridizes naturally unk -1 6.04 Self-compatible or apomictic n -1 6.05 Requires specialist pollinators n 0 6.06 Reproduction by vegetative propagation y 1 6.07 Minimum generative time (years) >1 -1 7.01 Propagules likely to be dispersed unintentionally (plants growing in heavily trafficked y areas) 1 7.02 Propagules dispersed intentionally by people y 1 7.03 Propagules likely to disperse as a produce contaminant n -1 7.04 Propagules adapted to wind dispersal 7.05 Propagules water dispersed 7.06 Propagules bird dispersed y 1 7.07 Propagules dispersed by other animals (externally) n -1 7.08 Propagules dispersed by other animals (internally) y 1 8.01 Prolific seed production y 1 8.02 Evidence that a persistent propagule bank is formed (>1 yr) y 1 8.03 Well controlled by herbicides y -1 8.04 Tolerates, or benefits from, mutilation or cultivation y 1 8.05 y -1 Total Score 22 Implemented Pacific Second Screening no Risk Assessment Results High section satisfy # questions answered minimum? A 11 yes B 8 yes C 20 yes total 39 yes Reference Source data 1.01 cultivated, but no evidence of selection for reduced weediness 1.02 1.03 2.01 No computer analysis was performed. 1. Global hardiness zone: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11; equivalent to USDA Hardiness zones: 6a: to - 1. PERAL NAPPFAST Global Plant Hardiness 23.3 °C (-10 °F) USDA Zone 6b: to -20.5 °C (-5 °F) USDA Zone 7a: (http://www.nappfast.org/Plant_hardiness/NAPPFAST%20Global to -17.7 °C (0 °F) USDA Zone 7b: to -14.9 °C (5 °F) USDA Zone 8a: %20zones/10- to -12.2 °C (10 °F) USDA Zone 8b: to -9.4 °C (15°F) USDA Zone 9a: year%20climate/PLANT_HARDINESS_10YR%20lgnd.tif). 2. USDA, to -6.6 °C (20 °F) USDA Zone 9b: to -3.8 °C (25 °F) USDA Zone 10a: ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources to -1.1 °C (30 °F) USDA Zone 10b: to 1.7 °C (35 °F) USDA Zone Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National 11a: to USDA Zone (40 °F) USDA Zone 11b: to (45 °F). 2. Native Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. to China: China - Anhui, - Zhejiang, - Fujian, - Henan, - Hebei, - http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?409896 (0- Hunan, - Gansu, - Jiangxi, - Jiangsu, - Guangdong, - Guizhou, - 00-0000). Shandong, - Shaanxi, - Guangxi; Eastern Asia: Japan - Hokkaido, - Honshu, - Shikoku; Korea; Taiwan 2.02 2.03 1. Köppen-Geiger climate map (http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-1. Distribution in the native/cultivated range occurs in Cfa, Cwa, sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf). Aw, Cwb, Dwa 1. Climate Charts. World Climate Maps. http://www.climate- 2.04 1. Native to regions with 19 - 97 inches of rain annually charts.com/World-Climate-Maps.html#rain (8-19-2015) 2.05 1. Eckardt N, Martin TL, 2001. Rosa multiflora. The Nature 1. R. multiflora was originally introduced to North America in Conservancy, Element Stewardship Abstract. 1866 as a rootstock onto which other rose species or cultivars http://invasive.org/gist/esadocs/documnts/rosamul.pdf 2. Epstein, were grafted 2. The species was actively promoted and spread A. H., Hill, J. H., & Nutter Jr, F. W. (1997). Augmentation of rose throughout North America for its utility as a living fence, to rosette disease for biocontrol of multiflora rose (Rosa multiflora). Weed science, 172-178. 3.PIER reduce soil erosion 3. Introduced to British Colombia, Canada, http://www.hear.org/pier/species/rosa_multiflora.htm (12-2-2016) and the West Coast of the United States 3.01 1. Epstein, A. H., Hill, J. H., & Nutter Jr, F. W. (1997). 1. Multi-flora rose has become naturalized in many areas of the Augmentation of rose rosette disease for biocontrol of multiflora central and eastern U.S 2. Multiflora rose is now naturalized rose (Rosa multiflora). Weed science, 172-178. 2. University of (established and reproducing in the wild) throughout much of Maine Cooperative Extension the United States. In Maine, it is documented in Oxford, Waldo, https://extension.umaine.edu/publications/2509e/ (12-7-2016) 3. University of Connecticut http://hort.uconn.edu/detail.php?pid=436 and York Counties, but likely occurs in more. 3. widely (12-7-2016) naturalized throughout the United States 3.02 1. Multiflora rose has been declared a noxious weed in many 1. Eckardt N, Martin TL, 2001. Rosa multiflora. The Nature Conservancy, Element Stewardship Abstract. states, including Kansas, Iowa, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and http://invasive.org/gist/esadocs/documnts/rosamul.pdf 2. The New West Virgina. 2. Multiflora rose is extremely prolific and can form York Invasive Species Clearinghouse, Cornell University dense thickets, excluding native plants species. This non-native Cooperative Extension invasive rose invades open woodlands, forest edges, early http://nyis.info/index.php?action=invasive_detail&id=33 (12-7- succession pastures and fields. It also invades fence rows, right- 2016) of ways, roadsides, and margins of swamps and marshes. 3.03 1. Labisky, R.F. and W.L. Anderson. 1965. Effect of multiflora rose on corn yields in adjacent fields. Journal Wildlife Management 29: 192-195. 2. Eckardt N, Martin TL, 2001. Rosa 1. rose hedges lower the crop yields on adjacent fields by multiflora. The Nature Conservancy, Element Stewardship competing for nutrients 2. It is mainly a threat to agricultural Abstract. http://invasive.org/gist/esadocs/documnts/rosamul.pdf 3. land 3. It invades pasture areas, degrades forage quality, reduces Munger, Gregory T. 2002. Rosa multiflora. In: Fire Effects grazing area and agricultural productivity and can cause severe Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences eye and skin irritation in cattle 3. Serious weed of agriculure in Laboratory (Producer). Available: West Virginai, invading pastures and agricutlural lands, leaving http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [2016, December 5] 4. Dale F. them unfit for crops. Hindal, & Wong, S. (1988). Potential Biocontrol of Multiflora Rose, Rosa multiflora. Weed Technology, 2(2), 122-131. 3.04 1. Multiflora rose readily invades forest edges, open woodlands and plantations. It can form dense thickets, replace native vegetation and inhibit regeneration of trees. 2. Multiflora rose is 1. Forest Invasive Plants Resource Center Rosa Multiflora http://na.fs.fed.us/spfo/invasiveplants/factsheets/pdf/multiflora- an aggressive colonizer of open unplowed land and is highly rose.pdf (12-5-2016) 2. University of Maine Cooperative successful on forest edges. This prolific seed producer can create Extension https://extension.umaine.edu/publications/2509e/ (12-7- extremely dense, impenetrable thickets that crowd out other 2016) 3. Southeast Exotic Pest Plant Council Invasive Plant vegetation and inhibit regrowth of native plants. Dense stands of Manual http://www.se-eppc.org/manual/multirose.html (12-7- multiflora rose can slow down forest regeneration: the species 2016) can dominate a forest understory. 3. Multiflora rose spreads rapidly into adjacent fields and undisturbed areas, often forming monotypic thickets. Many states list it as a noxious weed. 3.05 1. Holm, LeRoy G. A Geographical Atlas of World Weeds. 1. Rosa rubiginosa is a principle weed in Australia and New Malabar, FL: Krieger Pub., 1991. Print. Zealand 4.01 1. The red to green twigs may have numerous recurved thorns and 1. Encyclopedia of Life http://eol.org/pages/630393/details (12-2- other thornless specimens occur infrequently in the eastern United 2016) States. 4.02 no evidence 1. Encyclopedia of Life http://eol.org/pages/630393/details (12-2- 4.03 no evidence of these characteristics 2016) 4.04 1.
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