Fauna of Butterflies and Moths in Rawanwadi Reservoir and Forest Area of District Bhandara Dr

ISSN (Online) 2581-9429 IJAR ST

International Journal of Advanced Research in Science & Technology (IJARST)

Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2020

Fauna of Butterflies and Moths in Rawanwadi Reservoir and Forest Area of District Bhandara Dr. Devraj Saxena1, Mr. Ghanshyam J. Tiwary2 Head, Department of Zoology1 Student, Department of Zoology2 Kamla Nehru Mahavidyalaya, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India [email protected] and [email protected]

Abstract: The present field survey work was carried out in Rawanwadi reservoir and forest in Bhandara district (Maharashtra) .A total of 25 species were recorded from 10 families and 29 genera, 5 families of butterflies and 5 families of moths. Nymphalidae consists of 7 species, Pieridae consists of 4 species, while Hesperidae, Lycaenidae, Papilionidae each family consists of 2 species respectively. The share of moths families to the biodiversity include Crambidae five species, Geametridae four species, while Noctuidae, Uraniidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae each contributed one species each respectively . one can notice the dominant species of butterflies and moths from the above date collected during 2018-19,they enhance the bio aesthetic value and are source of recreation to mankind. They must conserve in their natural & artificial habitats.

Keywords: Rawanwadi reservoir, Forest, Butterflies, Moths, biodiversity.

I. INTRODUCTION A critical review of available literature species that more studies on biodiversity of butterflies and moths are needed. There are dearth in report of these creatures in specific pockets of Maharashtra region, india. This is an attempt to report a baseline data of the same to know how far and wide they are distributed in the Rawanwadi reservoir and forest area of district bhandara. Various species of air fauna depend on butterflies and moths for their daily nourishment, role of both butterflies and moths need evaluative studies on quantitative basis in their natural habitats and in captivity.

II. REVIEW OF LITERATURE Fossils of butterflies belongs to Eocene epoch (40-50 mya) and their diversification and evolution are in accordance with the change and evolution of flowering plants butterflies are part of food chain and their reduction is due to habitat destruction and pollution(Pollard, E &Yates J.S.1993); Kremen(1992) Kocher and Williams (2000) Lamas G(2008) gave an account of Lepidoptera and Papilionidae morphology physiology and higher classification of butterflies. they are not distributed in Antartica. India’s contribution of arthropod diversity to the world is about 6.9% out of this 1/5th are butterflies and maximum occur in Himalayan mountain ranges (Haribal 1992) according to (Gaonkar H 1996 ; Arun P.R. 2000) alpha diversity is exhibited by butterflies species in western ghats .(Kunte, K 1997) studied seasonal patterns in butterflies abundance and species diversity in four tropical habitats in Westernghat . larger moths of Lepidoptera by Fatimah A. and Catherin AK in 2002 in the Crocker Range National Park Sabah. A preliminary account of moths of Lipidoptera group from northern Maharashtra has been published by S.A Gurule, S. M. Nikam (2013).

A. Material and Method The butterflies and moths diversity has been recorded during the months of June 2018 to March 2019. The photographs were captured with the help of Canon 700D and Moto E3 power and MIAI dual mobile camera. Available keys reference books and research publication helped to identify them.

International Journal of Advanced Research in Science & Technology (IJARST)

Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2020

III. OBSERVATIONS  Observation Table No.1 Show butterflies of Rawanwadi reservoir in bhandara district Sr. No. Family Generic Name Common Name Status 1 Nymphalidae Argynnis hyperbius Indian Fritillary C Euploea core Common Crow C Melanilisleda Common Evening Brown C Hypolimnus balina Great eggfly O Tirumala limniace Blue tiger C Junonia orithya Blue pansy C Junone lemonias Lemon pansy C Pieridae Pareronia hippie Common wonderer O Eurema hecabe Common grass yellow C Phoebis sennae Cloudless sulphur C Pieris rapae Cabbage white C Lycaenidae Talicada nyseus Red pierrot R Tarucus nara Rounded pierrot Hesperiidae Hylephilo phylous Fiery skipper R Pelopidas mathius Small branded swift C Papilionoideae Papilio demoleas Lime butterfly C Papilo polytes Common Mormon C

 Observation Table 2 Show moths of Rawanwadi reservoir in bhandara district Sr. No. Family Generic Name Common name Status

1. Crambidae Samea ecclesialis Assembly moth O 2. Spoladeare curvalis Hawaiian beet webworm moth O 3. Crocidophora tubercularis Pale winges Crocidophora O 4. Diaphania indica Cucumber moth O 5. Omiode indicate Soyabean leaf folder O 6. Geometridae Scopulalim boundata Large face border R 7. Scopulaim mutata Less Cream wave C 8. Chlorisso viridata Small grass emerald O 9. Eupithec avulguata Common pug C 10. Uraniidae Micronia aculeata Large while moth O 11. Saturniidae Antheraea mvlilitta Tussarsilk moth O 12. Noctuidae Spodoptera litura Tropical army worm moth O 13 Sphingidae Daphnis nerii Oleander hawk-moth O

International Journal of Advanced Research in Science & Technology (IJARST)

Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2020

 Species Observations in that area  Butterflies

1 2 3 4

5 6 7

8 9 10

11 12 13

14 15

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Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2020

16 17 Moths

18 19 20

21 22 23

24 25 26

27 28 29

30 Figure: Picture of Butterflies and moths of rawanwadi area.

International Journal of Advanced Research in Science & Technology (IJARST)

Volume 7, Issue 4, July 2020

IV. RESULT AND DISCUSSION From the Table no. 1 one can conclude that Families Nymphylidae contains 7 species, Pieridae contains 4 species, Lycaenidae contains 2 species, while Hesperidae contains 2 species and Papilionidae consists of 2 species respectively. A total of 17 species of butterflies were recorded. Our results are in agreement with tiple who recorded 167 species of butterflies. Nymphylidae showed greatest degree of dominant followed by Lycaenidae, Hesperidae, Pieridae and Papilionidae. These species occurs in vidarbha region of central india.Previous work done include butterflies diversity in central India by Forsayeth (1884), Swinhoe (1886) Bentham (1891) & Watt (1909).Evans (1932), Talbot (1939), Wynter Blyth (1957) reported various species from region of Chhatishgarh & Madhya Pradesh. Similarly D’ Abreau (1931) described important species of from Nagpur , central Provinces in Gorewada International Bio Park, Nagpur 92 species reported by Patil and Shende in 2014. From the Table no.2 moths studied in Rawanwadi reservoir show families, Crambidae comprises 5 species, Geametridae comprises 4 species, while Noctuidae , Uraniidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae each comprises one species each respectively (see table no 2).the trend from higher to lower of the moths include families crambidae and Geometridae following by other 4 families. S.A. Gurule and S.M. Nikam (2013) recorded families of moths from Erabidae 101 species, Noctuidae 29 species , Crambidae 26 species, Geometridae 25 species, Sphingidae 24 species. Noctuidae to Geometridae ratio found in the survey was 5 %. A total of 245 species was recorded in Northern Maharashtra. 1300 species of butterflies in Brazil in an area less than 4000 hec. In five field trips done averaging less than 3 weeks (Robbins & opler 1997), 245 resident air fauna species have their territories on a 97 hec. Terrestrial area in Peru (Terborgh et.al 1990).conservation of invertebrates well help to reduced genetic and species loss globally.

V. CONCLUSION In the present work butterflies family Nymphalidae is the dominant followed by Lycaenidae, Hesperidae, Pieridae and Papilionidae in Rawanwadi reservoir. crambidae and Geometridae are the dominant moth families followed by Uranidae, Saturnidae, Noctuidae and Sphyngidae . both the creatures are sensitive to loss of habitats ,loss of vegetation air pollution global warming deforestation etc. Eco tourism is badly affected causing severe economic losses to India and the world. Hence such tourist spots to other areas must conserve the plant and animal biota, because it has an effect on sour economic status of the human population. Beautification for conservation and sustainable development is necessary. According to Dr. Devraj Saxena advocates that rebate in local taxes must be given to rural and urban utilizes for maintaining garden nursery and potted flowering plants in flats where space for gardening is unavailable. This will help in making nectar and pollens available for honey bee , butterflies and moths as these insects help in pollination of crops, fruits , vegetables yielding plants and also herbs shrubs and trees growing in forests respectively. We have to redefine managements practices to be followed in residential areas to conserve biodiversity of the creature which are important for mankind.

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International Journal of Advanced Research in Science & Technology (IJARST)

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