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UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA COORDINACIÓN GENERAL ACADÉMICA Coordinación De Bibliotecas Biblioteca Digital UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA COORDINACIÓN GENERAL ACADÉMICA Coordinación de Bibliotecas Biblioteca Digital La presente tesis es publicada a texto completo en virtud de que el autor ha dado su autorización por escrito para la incorporación del documento a la Biblioteca Digital y al Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Guadalajara, esto sin sufrir menoscabo sobre sus derechos como autor de la obra y los usos que posteriormente quiera darle a la misma. Av. Hidalgo 935, Colonia Centro, C.P. 44100, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México [email protected] - Tel. 31 34 22 77 ext. 11959 UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA CENTRO UNIVERSITARIO DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES Y HUMANIDADES DIVISIÓN DE ESTUDIOS HISTÓRICOS Y HUMANOS MAESTRIA EN HISTORIA DE MÉXICO La ruptura como vanguardia. La obra escultórica de Mathias Goeritz, Guadalajara-Ciudad de México, 1949-1970. T E S I S PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO DE: MAESTRO EN HISTORIA DE MÉXICO PRESENTA: Carlos Osbert Obet Gallegos Hernández Director: Dra. Rosa Alicia de la Torre Ruiz Guadalajara, Jal., Junio de 2016 Dr. Hugo Torres Salazar Coordinador de la Maestría en Historia de México Universidad de Guadalajara CUCSH Presente Por este conducto le comunico que el Lic. Carlos Osbert Obet Gallegos Hernández, pasante de la Maestría en Historia de México, generación 2014-2016, ha concluido satisfactoriamente su tesis de Maestría titulada La ruptura como vanguardia. La obra escultórica de Mathias Goeritz, Guadalajara-Ciudad de México, 1949-1970. El Lic. Gallegos Hernández ha incorporado a su trabajo las observaciones que se le han sugerido en su último seminario de avances de investigación, así como las correcciones que en mi calidad de directora de tesis he considerado oportuno señalar. Se trata de un texto bien articulado, con propuestas claras, ordenadas y documentadas, mismas que son reforzadas por un pertinente aparato teórico-metodológico. Por lo anterior, considero que cumple con los requisitos para ser defendida, por lo cual extiendo la presente constancia y aprovecho para solicitarle atentamente tenga a bien gestionar la asignación de la fecha para el examen de grado del Lic. Gallegos Hernández una vez que sean cubiertos los trámites administrativos correspondientes. Sin más por el momento me despido de usted reiterándole la seguridad de mis consideraciones y mi agradecimiento por la atención que se sirva dar al presente. ATENTAMENTE "PIENSA Y TRABAJA" Guadalajara, Jal., 27 de mayo de 2016. Dra Ro~o~e Ruiz Profesor - Docente Asociado C Sistema Nacional de Investigadores, N-I Departamento de Historia Universidad de Guadalajara Dr. Hugo Torres Salazar Coordinador de la Maestría en Historia de México Universidad de Guadalajara Presente Por este conducto le comunico que en mi calidad de Lectora he revisado la Tesis de Maestría en Historia del Lic. Carlos Osbert Obet Gallegos Hemández "La ruptura como vanguardia. La obra escultórica de Mathias Goeritz, Guadalajara-Ciudad de México, 1949-1970" y observé que se retomaron sugerencias realizadas en el Seminario de Tesis. En virtud de ello considero que el trabajo reúne los requisitos para ser defendido por el Lic. Gallegos en el respectivo examen profesional. Es así que emito mi voto aprobatorio para que se dé curso al trámite y proceso administrativo de titulación correspondiente. Sin más por el momento me despido de usted reiterándole mi agradecimiento por la atención que se sirva dar a la presente. ATENTAMENTE "PIENSA Y TRABAJA" Guadalajara, Jal., 30 de mayo de 2016 ~-- Dra. Leticia Ruano Ruano Profesora Investigadora Titular del Departamento de Estudios Sobre Movimientos Sociales UNIVERSIDAD DE GUADALAJARA. Centro Universitario de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades. División de Estudios Históricos y Humanos. Maestría en Historia de México. 27 de mayo de 2016, Guadalajara, Jalisco. Dr. Hugo Torres Salazar, Coordinador de la Maestña en Historia de México, Universidad de Guadalajara: por medio del presente documento le comunico que el alumno Carlos Osbert Gallegos Hernández, estudiante inscrito en la Maestría de Historia de México por la Universidad de Guadalajara ha presentado de manera satisfactoria las correcciones a su trabajo de tesis con título: La ruptura como vanguardia. La obra escultórica de MathíasGoeritz, Guadalajara-Ciudad de México, 1949-1970. El trabajo reúne ya los requisitos para ser presentado y defendido, por lo que emito mi voto aprobatorio para que se dé curso al trámite administrativo que requiere el proceso de titulación. M.A. Jorge Sánchez Lara. Do torando en Ciudad, Territorio y Sustentabilidad, CUAAD, niversidad de Guadalajara. Guadalajara, Jalis . 27 de mayo de 2016. \ Índice Introducción…………………………………….………….…………………......……...............1 Capítulo 1. El proceso de expresión de la identidad en la arquitectura mexicana. Del regionalismo arquitectónico al arte abstracto de Mathias Goeritz……………………………....16 1.1. La arquitectura como expresión de identidad......…………………..….......................................17 1.2. El nacionalismo y la escultura pública en México.………………………………...........….....44 1.3. Mathias Goeritz, artista abstracto.……………...........................................................…....…47 Capítulo 2. Mathias Goeritz y la arquitectura en Guadalajara…………………..………………....56 2.1. La fundación de la primera Escuela de Arquitectura de Guadalajara y la expresión regionalista tapatía.…..............……………………………………….......................57 2.2.-Mathias Goeritz, formador de arquitectos tapatíos: 1950 a 1953 ...............................................72 2.3. El final de la primera Escuela de Arquitectura en Guadalajara, 1953 a 1963. Reestructuración docente y agitación política.................................................................................84 Capítulo 3. Entre el nacionalismo y la modernidad: Mathias Goeritz en la Ciudad de México, 1953-1970......................................................................92 3.1. El milagro mexicano y su papel en el desarrollo urbano durante la segunda mitad del siglo XX...............................................................................................................…..............…93 3.2. Mathias Goeritz y la crítica de la arquitectura mexicana en la Revista Arquitectura/México.………...................…..........................................................................….100 3.3. La arquitectura emocional como una propuesta de modernidad en México………..............120 Capitulo 4. Mathias Goeritz y la arquitectura emocional como propuesta urbana en México…...132 4.1. La arquitectura emocional y la escultura urbana como símbolos de modernidad: El Pájaro de Fuego y el fraccionamiento Jardines del Bosque en Guadalajara……..…….…........133 4.2 La arquitectura emocional y la escultura urbana como símbolos de modernidad II: Las Torres de Ciudad Satélite…………………….........................................................................144 4.3. La arquitectura emocional y la escultura urbana como símbolos de modernidad III: la ruta de la amistad como proyecto cultural para las olimpiadas de México 1968........................155 Capítulo 5. Hacia una nueva visión urbana. El legado de Mathias Goeritz en la arquitectura tapatía.…….….........................................180 5.1. El desarrollo de la Arquitectura tapatía, entre 1953 y 1982..........................................181 5.2.- La ruptura y su impacto en el arte mexicano……………..............................................191 5.3.- El movimiento de ruptura tapatío y su impacto en la arquitectura nacional…………………………………………................194 Conclusiones.………..........................................................................................................…....215 Bibliografía General…...........………......…………………………………………..…….......219 Índice de imágenes Imagen 1. Torre de la Escuela Normal para Maestros …………………...........................................34 Imagen 2. Vista aérea del fraccionamiento de Ciudad Satélite ………...............................................35 Imagen 3. Werner Mathias Goeritz Brunner, España 1948...... ………...............................................48 Imagen 4. Cartel de las Cuevas de Altamira …………..........………………......…….....................53 Imagen 5. Arquitecto Bruno Cadore Marcolongo ………………...……………..……....................70 Imagen 6. Horts Hartung Franz, Silvio Alberti y Erich Coufal ……...................................................71 Imagen 7. Erich Coufal, Homenaje por sus 70 años de carrera profesional. ……….……...................71 Imagen 8. Homenaje a José Clemente Orozco, Mathias Goeritz ……………...………...................78 Imagen 9. Centro Urbano Presidente Juárez 1952……………………………….….......................106 Imagen 10. Detalle del Centro Urbano presidente Juárez 1966 ……......…………..........................107 Imagen 11. Biblioteca Central Juan O´Gorman ……………………..………………....................108 Imagen 12. Invitación, Mathias Goeritz ...............................................................................................115 Imagen 13. Ejemplar de la revista El Gallo …………………………..………..............................116 Imagen 14. Entrada del museo experimental El Eco ……...………………....................................121 Imagen 15. El Salvador de Auschwitz, Mathias Goeritz ........................................................................127 Imagen 16. Entrada sinagoga Magüen David, Mathias Goeritz y David Serur.......................................129 Imagen 17. Sinagoga Magüen David, vitral lateral..................................................................................130
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