SANDRA SWIFT and the Land Speed Record
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Aspects of Heat Flow in Laser Processing of Metals Luleå University of Technology 2018
DOCTORAL T H E SIS Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics Sundqvist Jesper Division of Product and Production Development Aspects of Heat Flow in ISSN 1402-1544 Laser Processing of Metals ISBN 978-91-7790-051-1 (print) ISBN 978-91-7790-052-8 (pdf) Aspects of Heat Flow in Laser Processing of Metals in Laser Processing Aspects of Heat Flow Luleå University of Technology 2018 Jesper Sundqvist Manufacturing Systems Engineering Doctoral Thesis Aspects of heat flow in laser materials processing Jesper Sundqvist Luleå University of Technology Department of Engineering Sciences and Mathematics Division of Product and Production Development 971 87 Luleå Sweden Luleå, March 2018 Printed by Luleå University of Technology, Graphic Production 2018 ISSN 1402-1544 ISBN 978-91-7790-051-1 (print) ISBN 978-91-7790-052-8 (pdf) Luleå 2018 www.ltu.se I. Preface The writing of this Ph. D thesis and the research behind it has been conducted at the research subject ('chair') of Manufacturing Systems Engineering at Luleå University of Technology. I want to express my gratitude to my supervisors Prof. Dr. Alexander Kaplan and Adj. Prof. Dr. John Powell for their support and guidance. Without them this work would not have been possible. I would like to thank all the colleagues at the research team for help given during my research and also all colleagues at the division for all the interesting conversations during coffee breaks. Particular thanks to Stephanie Robertson for proof reading of parts of the thesis. I also want to thank Christina Lundebring and Marie-Louise Palmblad for all the help with administrative tasks. -
Spring 2017 Issue-All
SPRING 2017 - Volume 64, Number 1 WWW.AFHISTORY.ORG know the past .....Shape the Future The Air Force Historical Foundation Founded on May 27, 1953 by Gen Carl A. “Tooey” Spaatz MEMBERSHIP BENEFITS and other air power pioneers, the Air Force Historical All members receive our exciting and informative Foundation (AFHF) is a nonprofi t tax exempt organization. Air Power History Journal, either electronically or It is dedicated to the preservation, perpetuation and on paper, covering: all aspects of aerospace history appropriate publication of the history and traditions of American aviation, with emphasis on the U.S. Air Force, its • Chronicles the great campaigns and predecessor organizations, and the men and women whose the great leaders lives and dreams were devoted to fl ight. The Foundation • Eyewitness accounts and historical articles serves all components of the United States Air Force— Active, Reserve and Air National Guard. • In depth resources to museums and activities, to keep members connected to the latest and AFHF strives to make available to the public and greatest events. today’s government planners and decision makers information that is relevant and informative about Preserve the legacy, stay connected: all aspects of air and space power. By doing so, the • Membership helps preserve the legacy of current Foundation hopes to assure the nation profi ts from past and future US air force personnel. experiences as it helps keep the U.S. Air Force the most modern and effective military force in the world. • Provides reliable and accurate accounts of historical events. The Foundation’s four primary activities include a quarterly journal Air Power History, a book program, a • Establish connections between generations. -
Tension and Compression Asymmetry and the Bauschinger Effect
TENSILE TESTING Tension and Compression Asymmetry and the Bauschinger Effect APRIL 2021 1 Plastometrex Tension/Compression Asymmetry and the Bauschinger Effect TENSION/COMPRESSION ASYMMETRY AND THE BAUSCHINGER EFFECT Testing in (uniaxial) compression is sometimes an attractive alternative to tensile testing. Specimens can be simpler in shape and smaller, since there is no gripping requirement. The key question is whether corresponding information can be obtained. In general, it can, but there is sometimes a perception that at least some materials behave differently under compression - ie that there is tensile-compressive asymmetry in their response. In fact, this is largely a myth. At least in the majority of cases, the underlying plasticity response is symmetrical. The von Mises (deviatoric) stress, which is normally taken to be the determinant of the response, is identical in the two cases. However, caveats are needed. If the material response is indeed dependent on the hydrostatic component of the stress, as it might be for porous materials and for those in which a phase transformation occurs during loading, then asymmetry is possible. Also, while the underlying plasticity response is usually the same, the compressive stress- strain curve is often affected by friction between sample and platen (leading to barreling). Conversely, the necking that may affect the tensile curve cannot occur in compression. It’s also important to distinguish the concept of tension / compression asymmetry from that of the Bauschinger effect (a sample pre- loaded in tension exhibiting a different response if then loaded in compression). Plastometrex 1 1 Tension/Compression Asymmetry and the Bauschinger Effect TENSION/COMPRESSION where these strains refer to plastic values. -
CHAPTER 1 Arrowheads
THE MILLENNIUM BOOK OF TOPCLIFFE John M. Graham The MILLENNIUM BOOK OF TOPCLIFFE John M. Graham This book was sponsored by Topcliffe Parish Council who provided the official village focus group around which the various contributors worked and from which an application was made for a lottery grant. It has been printed and collated with the assistance of a grant from the Millennium Festival Awards for All Committee to Topcliffe Parish Council from the Heritage Lottery Fund. First published 2000 Reprinted May 2000 Reprinted September 2000 Reprinted February 2001 Reprinted September 2001 Copyright John M. Graham 2000 Published by John M. Graham Poppleton House, Front Street Topcliffe, Thirsk, North Yorkshire YQ7 3NZ ISBN 0-9538045-0-X Printed by Kall Kwik, Kall Kwik Centre 1235 134 Marton Road Middlesbrough TS1 2ED Other Books by the same Author: Voice from Earth, Published by Robert Hale 1972 History of Thornton Le Moor, Self Published 1983 Inside the Cortex, Published by Minerva 1996 Introduction The inspiration for writing "The Millennium Book of Topcliffe" came out of many discussions, which I had with Malcolm Morley about Topcliffe's past. The original idea was to pull together lots of old photographs and postcards and publish a Topcliffe scrapbook. However, it seemed to me to be also an opportunity to have another look at the history of Topcliffe and try to dig a little further into the knowledge than had been written in other histories. This then is the latest in a line of Topcliffe's histories produced by such people as J. B. Jefferson in his history of Thirsk in 1821, Edmund Bogg in his various histories of the Vale of Mowbray and Mary Watson in her Topcliffe Book in the late 1970s. -
Analysis of Hadfield Scrap Shredder Hammer Fracture and Replacing It
Engineering Failure Analysis 109 (2020) 104230 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Engineering Failure Analysis journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/engfailanal Analysis of hadfield scrap shredder hammer fracture and replacing it with carbide-free nano-bainitic steel T ⁎ ⁎ Behdad Garmeha, Masoud Kasiri-Asgarania, , Kamran Aminib,c, , Hamid Ghayoura a Advanced Materials Research Center, Department of Materials Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tiran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran c Center for Advanced Engineering Research, Majlesi Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Shredders are widely used in metal scrap recycling. The Shredder device includes hammers Shredder joined to a massive rotor. Hammers are responsible for grinding, therefore, play a key role in the Hammer shredder. Most of the casted hammers are made from austenitic manganese steel. Austenitic Austenitic manganese steels manganese steels usually have good mechanical properties at impact and wear use but in field Work hardening use as shredder hammer, they are faced to the different type of failures. Finding reasons for these Mechanical properties failures could help increasing shredding efficiency and reducing cost. In this study, several fac- Nano bainitic steel tors, such as the lack of work hardening of the as quench hammer, low yield strength and tensile strength, carbide growth at the user's temperature and stopping the work hardening at tem- peratures between 200 and 300 °C have been defined as reasons of failure. Regarding these points, castable Nano bainitic steel suggested as an alternative to the austenitic manganese steels. In file test results proved that nano bainitic steel hammers has better performance than austenitic manganese steel hammers. -
Wasted Years Post-Apocalyptic Adventure in an America Turned Savage
Wasted Years Post-Apocalyptic Adventure in an America turned Savage Version 1.1 Collin Terrell This game references the Savage Worlds game system, available from Pinnacle Entertainment Group at www.peginc.com. Savage Worlds and all associated logos and trademarks are copyrights of Pinnacle Entertainment Group. Used with permission. Pinnacle makes no representation or warranty as to the quality, viability, or suitability for purpose of this product. 1 Setting & Flavor: In the year 2061, global tensions had reached the point where a Third World War became unavoidable. Rather than being the clash of superpowers that had been prophesied in the late 20th century, the war began small as a series of brush fires in the developing world. Gradually, more and more nations became embroiled in these small disputes until some of the larger nations found themselves on opposite sides of these regional conflicts. A few dramatic acts of terrorism prompted the use of atomic weapons. Once this option was broached the theory of mutually assured destruction was put to the ultimate test. Most people called this "The Last War" but it had many names: the Great Conflagration, Tianhuo, the True Rapture, Ragnarok, the list goes on. There are those that had seen this event coming and made preparations to survive the day after. Governments were broken, armies scattered, cities leveled. For about a month after the war barely a cricket stirred on the surface of the planet. Those who managed to make it to shelter bided their time, watching their Geiger counters and parceling out their rations. Others, not so fortunate, who managed to survive the blast fought tooth and nail to eke out a meager existence from the bones of civilization. -
Travel Guide
TRAVEL GUIDE Traces of the COLD WAR PERIOD The Countries around THE BALTIC SEA Johannes Bach Rasmussen 1 Traces of the Cold War Period: Military Installations and Towns, Prisons, Partisan Bunkers Travel Guide. Traces of the Cold War Period The Countries around the Baltic Sea TemaNord 2010:574 © Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen 2010 ISBN 978-92-893-2121-1 Print: Arco Grafisk A/S, Skive Layout: Eva Ahnoff, Morten Kjærgaard Maps and drawings: Arne Erik Larsen Copies: 1500 Printed on environmentally friendly paper. This publication can be ordered on www.norden.org/order. Other Nordic publications are available at www.norden.org/ publications Printed in Denmark T R 8 Y 1 K 6 S 1- AG NR. 54 The book is produced in cooperation between Øhavsmuseet and The Baltic Initiative and Network. Øhavsmuseet (The Archipelago Museum) Department Langelands Museum Jens Winthers Vej 12, 5900 Rudkøbing, Denmark. Phone: +45 63 51 63 00 E-mail: [email protected] The Baltic Initiative and Network Att. Johannes Bach Rasmussen Møllegade 20, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. Phone: +45 35 36 05 59. Mobile: +45 30 25 05 59 E-mail: [email protected] Top: The Museum of the Barricades of 1991, Riga, Latvia. From the Days of the Barricades in 1991 when people in the newly independent country tried to defend key institutions from attack from Soviet military and security forces. Middle: The Anna Akhmatova Museum, St. Petersburg, Russia. Handwritten bark book with Akhmatova’s lyrics. Made by a GULAG prisoner, wife of an executed “enemy of the people”. Bottom: The Museum of Genocide Victims, Vilnius, Lithuania. -
Airbase Hardening in the Western Pacific
AIRPOWER. Airbase hardening in the Western Pacific Dr Carlo Kopp Iraqi Hardened Aircraft Shelter at Balad. The Information Age could be In a world of pervasive PGM use, the nation with probability’ of its dumb sibling, just as a basic described as a blessing and a better infrastructure hardening gains an asymmetic digital ISR sensor is ten times or more faster in advantage over its opponents with less hardened transmitting target data to a weapon system. curse, clearly evident in the domain infrastructure, as the reduced effect of PGM use That a US, EU or Israeli-built PGM or ISR system of strategy. Profound changes are in turn impacts the combat effectiveness of the might be more accurate and more technologically underway, as the globalised market attacking force. This is a replay of the 70 year old sophisticated misses the key point that those contest between tank guns and armour, resolved advantages might at best add a few per cent to for military equipment absorbs a by the PGM, as no warship or tank has yet been an already high kill probability of a PGM targeted generation of new technologies, built capable of withstanding the direct impact of by digital ISR. In a globalised open arms market including Precision Guided Munitions a smart bomb. any nation state can procure Russian or Chinese (PGM), or ‘smart weapons’ and A popular but dangerous misconception in most PGMs and sensors, which are at least as good, if Western defence establishments is that somehow not much better, than the systems that devastated a plethora of digital Intelligence PGMs and modern digital ISR systems are an Saddam’s Iraq during the Desert Storm campaign Surveillance Reconnaissance (ISR) exclusive feature of Western military forces, and two decades ago. -
Black Thunder Creek Ranch Broch.Pdf
Specializing in Farm, Ranch, Recreational & Auction Properties Proudly Presents Black Thunder Creek Ranch Newcastle, Weston County, Wyoming The Black Thunder Creek Ranch is a superb, low-overhead grass ranch consisting of 20,333± acres with an extensive variety of wildlife. LOCATION & ACCESS The Black Thunder Creek Ranch is located approximately 35 miles southwest of Newcastle, Wyoming. There is year-round access from paved Wyoming Highway 450 leading to the private driveway. To access the ranch from Newcastle, travel west on Highway 450 for 32 miles; turn onto the driveway to reach the destination. Several towns and cities in proximity to the property include: Newcastle, WY (pop 3,532) 32 miles northeast Upton, WY (pop 1,104) 36 miles north Wright, WY (pop 1,847) 37 miles west Douglas, WY (pop 6,423) 107 miles southwest Sundance WY (pop 1,182) 45 miles north Spearfish, SD (pop 10,494) 48 miles northeast Deadwood, SD (pop 1,270) 54 miles northeast Rapid City, SD (pop 67,956) 78 miles northeast Gillette, WY (pop 31,797) 77 miles northwest Belle Fourche, SD (pop 5,594) 85 miles northeast Black Thunder Creek Ranch Page 2 www.ClarkLandBrokers.com SIZE & DESCRIPTION 10,571.42± Acres Deeded 7,802.47± Acres National Grassland Lease 1,960± Acres State of Wyoming Lease 20,333.89± Total Contiguous Acres The Black Thunder Creek Ranch is located in the Thunder Basin Grassland approximately 35 miles southwest of Newcastle, Wyoming. This large, low-overhead grass ranch is easily accessible year-round. The ranch consists of 20,333.89± total contiguous acres of which 10,571.42± acres are deeded along with 1,960± State of Wyoming lease acres and 7,802.47± Thunder Basin National Grassland permit acres. -
LEGO Coasters? Maybe
The Magazine for LEGO® Enthusiasts of All Ages! Issue 25 • September 2013 $8.95 in the US The Castle Issue Builder Spotlight: Bob Carney Features Instructions AND MORE! EXCLUSIVE: A Minifigure rollercoaster? You can build it with the Rollercoaster Factory! French Castle Building 1 82658 00034 9 The Alamance County Arts Council presents AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER, 2013 One of CNN’s top 10 ‘Global Must See Exhibitions’ The Captain White House 213 S. Main Street Graham NC, 27253 336 226 4495 This exhibit is offered free and is open to the public through generous community gifts artsalamance.com Yellow by artist Nathan Sawaya Hours: Mon - Sat, 9-5 pm | Sun, 1-5 pm Issue 25 • September 2013 Contents From the Editor ...................................................2 News/Features People/Building LEGO Coasters? Maybe ...............................4 Building Castles ...............................................35 You Can Build It: Making Tracks ..................................................11 Building Castles: A Timeline ...................40 Micro Guarded Inn.....................................72 There’s a Map for That! ...............................14 Building the Perfect Castle: Community Ads .............................................78 You Can Build It: Windows and Arrow Slits ......................43 Last Word .............................................................79 London Underground Sign ..................16 Community AFOLs......................................................................80 The X-Wing® Lands in New -
Introduction to Emip Project
INTRODUCTION TO EMIP PROJECT UNDERGROUND HANGAR FOR HELICOPTERS AND F35 FIGHTER PLANES Emip srl Unip. Loc. Bagnaia, 75 – 52100 Arezzo +39 0575 364716 +39 331 9006441 www.emip.info [email protected] [email protected] P. IVA 02208110516 INTRODUCTION TO EMIP PROJECT TABLE OF CONTENTS Presentation Emip 3 UNDERGROUND HANGAR EMIP: SPECIAL MEDICAL RESCUE 4 Structure’s Description 5 Mechanical Description of the Platform 6 Covering Mechanism of the Platform 7 Electronic Automation 8 Standard Installations 9 Optional Installations 10 Typology of hangar 12 Applied Regulations 13 EMIP UNDERGROUND HANGAR MODEL HI-F35 15 EMIP PRESENTATION 16 EMIP UNDERGROUND HANGAR MODEL HI-F35 17 2 Emip srl Unip. Loc. Bagnaia, 75 – 52100 Arezzo +39 0575 364716 +39 331 9006441 www.emip.info [email protected] [email protected] P. IVA 02208110516 PRESENTATION EMIP We are an Italian company specialized in industrial mobile platform We have developed an innovative mobile electromechanical platform installed in an un- derground hangar for helicopters It is a particular hangar for the storage of helicopters, which also functions as a landing surface and which, using advanced technologies, guar- antees maximum comfort reducing to the minimum the environmental impact Thanks to this new technology, you can manage the stowage of your helicopter fast and easily without having to move it once landed and without the use of means and personnel in addition to the pilot For this project we registered the patent “Hunderground Hangar for Helicopters” n AR2013A000018 on the 18th April 2013 and then we extended this license with n PCT/ IB2014/060754 on the 16th April 2014 abroad in European as well as in International Coun- tries The Hangar Emip for its versatility, its compact size and simplicity of use, is suitable for multiple uses on land and on sea, and is intended to be used not only to give more comfort and security or to save time and money to the persons who use the helicopter for work or just for leisure ; but also to give an important support in the healthcare sector, in the rescue and the military field. -
Austenitic Manganese Steel, Called "SLL" by M.C.S.D
WELDING OF AUSTENITIC MANGANESE STEEL Austenitic Manganese steel, called "SLL" by M.C.S.D. or Hadfield Manganese ! Steel by the materials community is an extremely tough non-magnetic alloy in which the usual hardening transformation that occurs in low alloy steel has been suppressed by the high manganese content. It is characterized by high strength, high ductility and good wear resistance. The welding of "SLL" requires considerable care. Though it is very tough, it is sensitive to reheating, so caution is necessary to avoid embrittle- ment. Arc welding is entirely practical and many tons of austenitic man- ganese steel electrodes are used annually. Experience and research have shown that the following procedures are helpful: 1. Welds in which both parts are "SLL" should be made with covered man- ganese steel electrodes that meet the requirements of AWS Spec. A5.13 Classification EFeMn-A. 2. Welds in which one part is "SLLw and the other part is carbon or low alloy steel should be made with covered stainless steel electrodes that meet the requirements of AWS Spec. A5.4 - Classification E309. 3. Never weld "SLL" with carbon or low alloy steel electrodes. 4. In manual welding, the electrode is always inclined in the direction of the weld bead travel. pushing the arc might give gassy, unsound deposits. 5. Oxy-acetylene welding of "SLL" should be avoided since it is likely to cause marked embrittlement of the base metal. 6. The energy input per inch should be kept to minimum values consistent with sound welds. 7. The maximum suggested heat input for "SLL" is 65,000 joules.