TABLE of CONTENTS: Vol

TABLE OF CONTENTS: Vol. 41, No. 6, November 1988 ARTICLES Invited Synthesis Paper 450 Stability of African pastoral ecosystems: Alternate paradigms and implications for development by James E. Ellis and David M. Swift Plant Ecoloav 460 Plant Responsesto pine management and deferred-rotation yaxing in north Fior- ida by Clifford E. Lewis, George W. Tanner, and W. Stephen Terry 466 Species diversity and diversity profiles: Concept, measurement, and applh?ation to timber and range management by Clifford E. Lewis, Benee F. Swindel, and George W. Tariner 470 Control of threadleaf rubber rabbitbrush with herbicides by Steven G. Whisenant 472 Defoliation of Thurber needlegrass: herbap and root responses by David Ganskopp 477 Season of cutting affects biomass production by coppicing browse species of the Brazilian caatinga by Linda H. Hardesty, Thadis W. Box, and John C. Malechek 481 Effects of dormant-season herbage removal on Flint Hills rangeland by Lisa M. Auen and Clenton E. Owensby 483 Stocking rate effects on intensive-early stocked FM Hills bluestem range by Clenton E. Owensby, Robert Cochran, and Ed F. Smith 488 Determination of root mass ratios in alfalfa-grass mixtures using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy by M.D. Rumbaugh, D.H. Clark, and B.M. Pendery Reclamation 491 Germination of green and gray rubber rabbitbrush and their establishment on ~081 mined iand by J.T. Romo and L.E. Eddleman Plant-Animal Interaction 4% Floristic changes induced by flooding on graaed and ungrazed lowland grasslands in Argenthu by Enrique J. Chaneton, Jose M. Facelli, and Roland0 J.C. Leon 500 Grazing effects of the bulk density in a Natraquoli of the Flooding Pampa of Argentina by Miguel A. Toboada and Ralil S. Lavado 503 Stability of graxed patches on rough fescue gassiands by Walter D. Willms, John F. Dormaar, and G. Bruce Schaalje 509 Effects of phenology, site, and rumenfill on tail larkspur consumption by c8ttle by James A. Pfister, Gary D. Manners, Michael H. Ralphs, Zhao Xiao Hong, and Mark A. Lane 515 Habitat selection and activity patterns of female mule deer in the Front Range, Colorado by Roland C. Kufeld, David C. Bowden, and Donald J. Schrupp TECHNICAL NOTES 522 Separating leaves from browse for use in nutritional studies with herbivores by J.F. Gallagher, T.G. Barnes, and L.W. Vamer Published bimonthly-January, March, BOOK REVIEWS May, July, September, November 524 Photosynthesis Volume I. Energy Convenion y Plants and Bacteria. Photosyntbe- Copyright 1999 by the Society for Range aia Volume II. Development, Carbon Metabolism and Plant Productivity Edited by Management Govindjce; A Handbook of Mexican Roadside Flora by Charles T. Mason Jr. and Patricia B. Mason; by lNDlVlDUALSUBSCRlPTlONisbymembershipin Ecology: Individuals, Populationa and Communities the Society for Range Management. Michael Begon, John L. Harper, and Colin R. Townsend; The Rise of Multiple-use LIBRARY or other INSTITUTIONAL SUBSCRIP- Management in tbc Intermountain West: a History of Region 4 of the Forest TIONS on a calendar year basis are $sS.gClfor the !Service by Thomas G. Alexander United States postpaid and 3SS.00 for other coun- tries, postpaid. Payment from outside the United States should be remitted in US dollars by interna- tional money order or draft on a New York bank. BUSINESS CORRESPONDENCE, concerning sub- scriptions, advertising, reprints, back issues, and related matters, should be addressed to the Manag- ing Editor, 1939 York Street, Denver, Colorado 80206. ED~TOR~ALCORRESPONDENCE.~~~K%~~~~~~~~- scriptsor otheredhorial matters,should beaddressed to the Editor, 1939 York Street, Denver. Colorado 80206. INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS appear on the inside back cover of most issues. A Style Manual is also available from the Society for Range Manage- mentattheaboveaddress@$Z.Wforsinglecopies; $1.25 each for 2 or more. THE JOURNAL OF RANGE MANAGEMENT (ISSN W2249X) is published six times yearly for SSS.00 per year by the Society for Range Management, 1839 York Street, Denver, Colorado 90206. SECONDCLASS POSTAGE paid at Denver,Colorado. POSTMASTER: Return erttlra journal wltb address cbangtRETURN POSTAGE GUARANTEED-to Society for Range Management, 1939 York Street, Denver. Colorado 9CMtIS. The Joumel of Ren9a Managemen tsarvesasa forum for the presentation and discussion of facts, ideas, and philosophiae pertaining to the study, management, and use of rangelands and their several resources. Accordingly, all material published herein is signed and reflects the individ- ual views of the authors and is not necessarily an official position of the Society. Manuscripts from any source-nonmembers as well as members-are welcome and will be given every consideration by the editors. Submissions need not be of a technical nature, but should be germane to the broad field of range management. Editorial comment by an indi- vidual is also welcome and, subject to acceptance by the editor, will be published as a “Viewpoint.” Maneglng EdItor ASSOCIATE EDITORS PETER V. JACKSON Ill WILL BLACKBURN RODNEY HEITSCHMIDT BRUCE ROUNDY 1939 York Street N.W. Watershed Res. Center Box 1858 325 Biological Sciences Denver, Colorado 80206 270 South Orchard Vernon, Texas 78384 East Building. Univ. Arizona Boise, Idaho 93705 Tucson, Arizona 95721 Editor N. THOMPSON HOBBS PATRICIA G. SMITH CARLTON BRITTON Colorado Div. of Wildllfe PAUL TUELLER Society for Range Management Range &Wildlife Mgmt 317 W. Prospect Range Wildlife h Forestry 1339 York Street Texas Tech University Fort Collins, Colorado 80528 UNR loo0 Valley Road Denver, Colorado 80208 Lubbock, Texas 79409 Rena, Navada 99912 (303) 3%7070 PETE W. JACOBY, JR. THOMAS A. HANLEY P.O. Box l&59 RICHARD S. WHITE Book Review Edltor Forestry Sciences Lab. Vernon, Texas 79394 KSU Extension Center GRANT A. HARRIS BOX20909 Colby, Kansas 67701 Forestry and Range Management Juneau, Alaska ggeO2 HOWARD MORTON STEVE WHISENANT Washington State Univarslty 2CrCxlE. Allen Road Tucson, Arizona 93719 Texas A&M Unlvesity Pullman, Washington 99194-9410 RICHARD H. HART USDA-ARS Dept. of Range Science 9409 Hildreth Rd. Collage Station, Texas 77843-2126 Cheyenne, Wyoming 92009 Invitational Synthesis Paper TheEditorial Board of the Journal of Range Management invited James E. Ellis and David M. Swift to prepare this synthesis paper in recognition of their many, valuable contributions tu understanding of the ecology of grazing systems. Their work is characterized by a high level of imagination, by a steady commit- ment to thoroughness, and by distilled, clear thinking. JIM ELLIS took undergraduate work in animal husbandry at the University of Missouri and also obtained his Master of Science degree there studying wildlife biology. In 1970, he received his Ph.D. in Zoology at the University of California at Davis, where he was a National Institute of Health trainee in systems ecology. Shortly thereafter, he held a National Science Foundation post- doctoral fellowship at the University of Bristol working on systems analysis of mammalian social systems. He joined the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory of Colorado State University as a Research Ecologist in 1971. He is currently the Associate Director of the Laboratory. Jim has enjoyed immense success in developing research programs; during the last decade he directed or played a major role in 12 successful proposals, collectively exceeding three milliondollaninsuppott. He has publishedextensively, withmost Research Scientist. Dave has deep expertise in simulation of cco- of his work focussing on processes regulatinggrazing systems. Jim logical systems. He has worked on models investigating energy and has served as a consultant to the U.S. Senate, as well as the nitrogen balance in ruminants, control of diapause in grass- govcmmcnt of Saudi Arabia and the Norwegian Agency for Inter- hoppers, carrying capacity of elk winter range, effects of sulfur national Development. His must recent project uses a systems dioxide on grassland ecosystems, influences ofgrazing on primary approach to understand the controls on stability and persistence of production, and the nutritional benefits of herding. He frequently a pastoral ecosystem in East Africa. contributes to the applied as well as the theoretical ecological literature. Dave teaches courses in ruminant nutrition in the Range DAVESWIFTstudied forest botanyasanundergradutc at the Science and Wildlife Biology departments at Colorado State Uni- the New York State College of Forestry and received a master’s versity and has supervised the research of many masters and doc- degree in watershed resources at Colorado State University. In toral students. He is widely admired by those who have had the 1985 he earned his Ph.D. in Animal Science at Colorado State good fortune to study with him. His recent work has taken him to University. Since 1970 he has been a member of the staff of the East Africa, Pakistan, and the People’s Republic of China. Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory where he now serves as a Stability of African pastoral ecosystems: Alternate paradigms and implications for development JAMESE.ELLlS ANDDAVID M.SWIFT Abstrnd African pastoral ecosystems have been studied with the assump- tions that these ecosystems are potentially stable (equilibrinl) sys- Our view of the world, OI our perception of any system, has a tems which become destabilized by overstucking and overgrazing. great deal of influence on how we go about dealing with that Development policy in these regions has focused on internal &era- system. Believing that illness is caused by spirits

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