Biological Control of Verticillium Wilt in Cauliflower by the Native Endophyte Verticillium Tricorpus

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Biological control of Verticillium wilt in cauliflower by the native endophyte Verticillium tricorpus. Lien Tyvaert1, Soraya C. França1, Jane Debode2, Monica Höfte1 1Laboratory of Phytopathology, Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium, E-mail: [email protected]; 2Plant Sciences Unit – Crop Protection, Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Burg. Van Gansberghelaan 96 bus 2, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium Abstract Verticillium wilt is an important soil-borne disease, affecting many crops worldwide. In Belgium, Verticillium wilt causes important losses to cauliflower. The disease is caused by Verticillium longisporum. The pathogen produces microsclerotia that are very long-lasting in soil. Soil chemical disinfestation is not rentable for this crop and, additionally, not ecologically sound. In previous research in Belgian fields we found that the presence of Verticillium tricorpus in soil was negatively correlated with Verticillium wilt of cauliflower. The ability of V. tricorpus to protect potato and lettuce against virulent isolates of Verticillium dahliae has been reported in the literature. To investigate the interaction of the indigenous V. tricorpus with V. longisporum in cauliflower, V. tricorpus was isolated from the field and tested under controlled conditions. Cauliflower seedlings were inoculated with V. tricorpus and V. longisporum, using the root-dip method. Disease symptoms were recorded and fungal DNA of both Verticillium species in plants was quantified with real-time PCR. V. tricorpus did not cause symptoms in single inoculation. Symptoms and colonization of V. longisporum were clearly reduced by pre-inoculation with V. tricorpus. V. tricorpus was detected in roots and stem, although in significantly lower amounts than V. longisporum. V. tricorpus behaves as an endophyte in cauliflower with potential for development as biological control agent. Currently, we are testing the effect of inoculation of V. tricorpus in cauliflower plantlets before transplanting them into naturally infested soil. Disease development and colonization by both Verticillium species will be evaluated. .

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