DOCSLIB.ORG

The Odonata and Neuroptera of the Island of Socotra

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Odonata and Neuroptera of the Island of Socotra THE ODONATA AND NEUROPTERA OF THE ISLAND OF SOCOTRA. Department of Entomology, British Museum (Nat. Hist.). DURIKGthe period January to May, 1953, Mr. G. Popov collected on Socotra seventy-eight Odonata, representing fifteen species, of which five have not been previously recorded from the island. McLachlan (in Forbes, 1903) listed thirteen species, so that the total now stands at eighteen. Of these, two are believed to be endemic-Enallagma granti (McLachlan) and Ischnura ('2) n. sp. The latter was not described by McLachlan and I have not been able to trace the two examples in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). Four species have a wide tropical and subtropical distribution-Ischnura senegalensis Rambur, Pantala Jlav~scens(Fabricius), Trapezostigma limbata (Desjardins) and Hemianax ephippiger (Burmeister)-and are all well-known migrants. Nine species (half the recorded total) are of African origin, although occurring also on the islands in the Indian Ocean, and the remaining three are strongly flying species of Asiatic origin. The present collection thus largely confirms McLachlan's view that there is a strong African element in the dragonfly fauna of Socotra ; indeed, it would be surprising if it were not so, considering the comparative proximity of Socotra to the African mainland. It is interesting to note that this African element is composed entirely of species with a wide distribution on the mainland, and it is probable that all the non-endemic species are reinforced at intervals by immigrants, if indeed some of them are not uurelv visitors. The chleccon of Neuroptera is smaller in numbers, though fairly rich in species. It has unfortunately been necessary to leave five species incompletely determined, because the examples were either defective or few in number. It is possible that some of them may be new but equally may represent one of the numerous species from North and Fast Africa, so inadequately described by NavSs as to be unrecognisable with certainty in the absence of the types. Nevertheless, including these five species the recorded total for Socotra has been raised from four to thirteen. In view of the smaller number of determined species it is more difficult to get an accurate picture of the composition ofthe Neuropterous fauna than in the case of the Odonata, but from the available facts, four of the eight species appear to be endemic-Echthromyrmex insularis sp. n., Neleoma socotranus (Taschenberg), Centroclisis lineata (Kirby) and Croce pusillus (Taschenberg). Of the remaining four species, two are centred on the Mediterranean region and two are African. A.M.N.H. ser. 13, vol. iii. 25 386 D. Kimmins : Odonata and Neuroptera of Socotra Island List of the Odonata and Neuroptera of Socotra. 0 =Previous record. X= Present collection. ODONATA. Coenagriidae. 1. Ceriagrion glabrum 2. Ischnura senegalensis 3. Ischnura (1) sp. n. 4. Enallagma granti Libellulidae. 5. Orthetrum sabina 6. 0.chrysostigma 7. Diplacodes lefebvrei 8. Crocothemis erythraea 9. Trithemis arteriosa 10. Zygonyx torrida 11. Pantala Jlavescens 12. Rhyothemis semihyalina 13. Trapezostigma basilaris burmeisteri 14. T. limbata 15. Macrodiplax cora Gomphidae. 16. Paragomphus genei Aeshnidae. 17. Anax mauricianus 18. Hemianax ephippiger NEUROPTERA. Myrmeleontidae. 1. Palpares angustus 2. Echthromyrmex inmdaris 3. Neleoma socotranus 4. Neleoma sp. 5. Neleoma sp. 6. Creoleon mortifer 7. Solter wrgilii 8. Morter alternans 9. Centroclisis lineata D. Kimmins : Odonata and Neuroptera of Socotra Island 387 Ascalaphidae. 10. Helicomitus sp. Mantispidae. 11. Sp. Nemopteridae. 12. Croce pusillus Chrysopidae. 13. Chrysopa sp. ODONATA. Zygoptera. Fam. Coenagriidae. Ceriagrion glabrum (Burmeister, 1839). Hadibo, 21 Jan., 1 $ ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 2 6, 1 9. Distribution.-Throughout Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar, Socotra, S.E. Arabia. Ischnura senegalensis (Rambur, 1842). Hadibo, 21, 26 Jan., 2 $ ; Erhima, 5 Apr., 6 $, 3 9. Distribution.-Throughout Africa (except N.W.), neighbouring islands of the Indian Ocean, tropical and subtropical Asia. Ischnura ('2) sp. n., McLachlan. Distribution.-Socotra. The two examples mentioned by McLachlan (in Forbes, 1903, p. 403) can no longer be traced in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.). EnalZagma granti (McLachlan, 1903). Ischnura (2) granti McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 402, pl. 24a, figs. 1-2. Hanifir, 12 Mar., I 8, 1 ; Deneghan, 14 Mar., 1 $ ; Moaddhab 10 Apr., 19. Distribution.-Socotra. This species was placed by McLachlan doubtfully in Ischnura. From its general appearance, unicolorous stigma in $ fore wing and type of anal appendages, I am of the opinion that it should be transferred to the genus Enallagm. 388 D. Kimmins : Odonata and Neuroptera of Socotra Island Anisoptera. Pam. Libellulidae. Orthetrum sabina (Drury, 1770). Hadibo, 20 Jan., 1 $, 24 Feb., 1 $. Distribution.-Australia, New Guinea, E. Indies, Philippines, Asia, Somaliland, Egypt. Orthetrum chrysostigma (Burmeister, 1839). Orthetwm sp. n. (?), McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 401. Hanifii, 12 Mar., 2 $ ; Deneghan, 14 Mar., 1 $ ; Hijama, 2,500 ft., 15 Mar., 1 $ ; Asma, 21 Mar., 1 $ ; Kam, 1 Apr., 1 $ ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 19. Distribution.-Africa. Diplacodes lefebvrei (Rambur, 1842). Diplacodes Jlavistyla (Rambur), McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 401. Hadibo, 20, 21, 25 Jan., 3 Mar., 5 3, 1 ? ; Asma, 21 Mar., 1 9 ; Hanifii, 30 Mar., 1 $2 ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 1 9. Distribution.-Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius, Socotra, Palestine. Crocothemis erythraea (BrullB, 1832). Hadibo, 20,21 Jan., 2 Feb., 3 $, 1 ? ; Hanifii, 30 Mar., 3 $2 ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 1 $. Distribution.-Throughout Africa and neighbouring Indian Oceanic Islands, S. Europe and parts of Asia. Trithemis arteriosa (Burmeister, 1839). Trithemis arteriosa (Burmeister), race distincta (Rambur), McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 400. Hanifii, 12 Mar., 4 8, 1 ; Hadibo, 21 May, 1 $. Distribution.-Throughout Africa, Comoro Is., Socotra, Palestine, Canary Is. Zygonyx torrida (Kirby, 1889). Ueneghan,- 13 Mar., 1 8 ; Hanifii, 30 Mar., 1 $ ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 1 8. Distribution.-Throughout Africa, Comoro Is., Arabia, Palestine, Spain, Canary Is. Pantala Jlavescens (Fabricius, 1798.) Hadibo, 21 Jan., 1 $ ; Moaddhab, 10 Feb., 1 $ ; Deneghan, 8 Mar., 1 $ ; Hijama, 15 Mar., 1 $. Distribution.-Almost universal in tropics and subtropics. D. Kimmins : Odonata and Neuroptera of Socotra Island 389 Rhyothemis semihyalina (Desjardins, 1832). Rhyothemis semihyalina (Desjardins), race separata SBlys, McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 399. Hadibo, 28 Feb., 1 $ ; Erhima, 5 Apr., 1 3, 1 9 ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 1 8. Distribution.-Africa, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Socotra. Trapexostigma basilaris burmeisteri (Kirby, 1889). Tramea burmeisteri (Kirby), McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 398. Distribution.-Asia, Socotra. Trapexostigma limbata (Desjardins, 1832). Hadibo, 24 Feb., 30 Mar., 1 $, 1 9 ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 1 6. Distribution.-Africa, neighbouring Indian Oceanic Islands, S. Asia, Australia, Polynesia. The Socotran examples resemble those from the Seychelles. Macrodiplux Cora (Brauer, 1867). Macrodiplax vittata (Kirby), McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 399. Erhima, 5 Apr., 3 $, 1 9. Distribution.-N. Australia, Samoa, E. Indies, India, Ceylon, Socotra. Pam. Gomphidae. Paragomphus genei (SBlys, 1841). Deneghan, 14 Mar., 2 $. Distribution.-S. and E. Africa, Abyssinia, Eritrea, Palestine, N. Africa, Sicily. Fam. Aeshnidae. Anax imperator mauricianus (Rambur, 1942). Anax mauricianus Rambur, McLachlan, in Forbes, 1903, p. 401. Hanifil, 30 Mar., 1 $, 1 ; Moaddhab, 10 Apr., 1 3, 4 9. Distribution.-Throughout Africa, and neighbouring Indian Oceanic Islands. Hemianax ephippiger (Burmeister, 1839). Distribution.-Africa, neighbouring Indian Oceanic Islands, Palestine, Arabia, Persia, India. NEUROPTERA. Fam. Myrmeleontidae. Palpares angustus (McLachlan, 1898). Hadibo Plains, 8 Apr., 1 3. Distribution.-Algeria, Tripoli, Egypt, Trans-Jordan, Arabia, Brit: Somaliland. 390 D. Kimmins : Odonata and Neuroptera of Socotra Island Echthromyrmex insularis sp. n. Sagal, 19 Mar., 7 $, 7 9. Labrum and clypeus pale yellow, frons dark brown, vertex with a yellow, transverse band anteriorly and with yellow markings on a brown ground. Antenn* yellowish brown. Pronotum mainly dark brown, with a narrow, longitudinal line on each side near lateral margin and other obscure markings yellowish ; rather short and broad, strongly tapered from base to apex. Meso- and meta-nota dark brown, with obscure yellowish markings. Legs pale yellowish, marked with dark brown as follows. Anterior femur with a rounded dorsal spot about midway and a large, more diffuse spot above at apex ; tibize externally with a median and an apical band. Spurs and claws red-brown, spines black and cream. Wings hyaline, broad apically, apical margin of fore wing obtusely rounded, not excised, hind wing with apical angle slightly less than a right angle, very slightly excised. Fore wing with a conspicuous brown patch slightly basad of and behind the pterostigma, extending back about half width of the wing. Beyond it, around the apical margin are numerous small brown spots. Pterostigma cream. Venation brown and white, some of the cross-veins faintly bordered with brownish. Hind wing with its apical third brown, with three large, opaque, whitish marginal spots, at stigma, apex and near posterior basal angle of brown patch. Venation brown and white. Abdomen fuscous, with very obscure yellowish markings. $ anal appendages short, deep and rounded. Ninth sternite short, broad, apical margin slightly excised
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Environmental Factors Influencing Odonata Communities of Three Mediterranean Rivers: Kebir-East, Seybouse, and Rhumel Wadis, Northeastern Algeria
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by I-Revues Revue d’Ecologie (Terre et Vie), Vol. 72 (3), 2017 : 314-329 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS INFLUENCING ODONATA COMMUNITIES OF THREE MEDITERRANEAN RIVERS: KEBIR-EAST, SEYBOUSE, AND RHUMEL WADIS, NORTHEASTERN ALGERIA 1,2 1,2,3 Amina YALLES SATHA & Boudjéma SAMRAOUI 1 Laboratoire de Conservation des Zones Humides, University of Guelma, Guelma, Algeria. E-mails: [email protected] & [email protected] 2 University of 08 mai 1945, Guelma, Algeria 3 Biology Department, University of Annaba, Annaba, Algeria RÉSUMÉ.— Facteurs environnementaux influençant les communautés d’Odonates de trois rivières méditerranéennes : les oueds Kebir-Est, Seybouse et Rumel, nord-est algérien.— Les Odonates sont une composante importante des peuplements des milieux lotiques et leur abondance et diversité renseignent sur l’intégrité écologique de ces hydrosystèmes. L’inventaire odonatologique de trois oueds majeurs algériens : Kebir- Est, Seybouse et Rhumel, a permis l’identification de 40 espèces. Nos résultats révèlent la présence de Calopteryx exul, endémique maghrébin, dans l’oued Seybouse et semblent confirmer l’extinction de la population type dans l’oued Rhumel où l’espèce avait été découverte au XIXe siècle. Nos résultats indiquent également l’expansion de plusieurs espèces: Coenagrion caerulescens, Orthetrum nitidinerve, Trithemis kirbyi et Urothemis edwardsii dont la population relictuelle est en danger critique d’extinction. La mesure de diverses variables physicochimiques (altitude, température, conductivité, etc.) nous a permis d’explorer une possible co-structure entre les jeux de données faunistiques et de variables environnementales. L’analyse des données indique que la richesse spécifique est, selon l’oued, variablement correlée à l’hydropériode, à la conductivité et à la température de l’eau, suggérant son utilité dans l’évaluation de l’intégrité écologique des cours d’eau méditerranéens.
    [Show full text]
  • Thomas Tew and Pirate Settlements of the Indo - Atlantic Trade World, 1645 -1730 1 Kevin Mcdonald Department of History University of California, Santa Cruz
    ‘A Man of Courage and Activity’: Thomas Tew and Pirate Settlements of the Indo - Atlantic Trade World, 1645 -1730 1 Kevin McDonald Department of History University of California, Santa Cruz “The sea is everything it is said to be: it provides unity, transport , the means of exchange and intercourse, if man is prepared to make an effort and pay a price.” – Fernand Braudel In the summer of 1694, Thomas Tew, an infamous Anglo -American pirate, was observed riding comfortably in the open coach of New York’s only six -horse carriage with Benjamin Fletcher, the colonel -governor of the colony. 2 Throughout the far -flung English empire, especially during the seventeenth century, associations between colonial administrators and pirates were de rig ueur, and in this regard , New York was similar to many of her sister colonies. In the developing Atlantic world, pirates were often commissioned as privateers and functioned both as a first line of defense against seaborne attack from imperial foes and as essential economic contributors in the oft -depressed colonies. In the latter half of the seventeenth century, moreover, colonial pirates and privateers became important transcultural brokers in the Indian Ocean region, spanning the globe to form an Indo-Atlantic trade network be tween North America and Madagascar. More than mere “pirates,” as they have traditionally been designated, these were early modern transcultural frontiersmen: in the process of shifting their theater of operations from the Caribbean to the rich trading grounds of the Indian Ocean world, 1 An earlier version of this paper was presented at the “Counter -Currents and Mainstreams in World History” conference at UCLA on December 6-7, 2003, organized by Richard von Glahn for the World History Workshop, a University of California Multi -Campus Research Unit.
    [Show full text]
  • Dragonflies and Damselflies of the Western Cape
    BIODIVERSITY OBSERVATIONS RESEARCH PAPER (CITIZEN SCIENCE) Dragonflies and damselflies of the Western Cape - OdonataMAP report, August 2018 Author(s): Journal editor: Underhill LG, Loftie-Eaton M and Pete Laver Navarro R Manuscript editor: Pete Laver Received: August 30, 2018; Accepted: September 6, 2018; Published: September 06, 2018 Citation: Underhill LG, Loftie-Eaton M and Navarro R. 2018. Dragonflies and damselflies of the Western Cape - OdonataMAP report, August 2018. Biodiversity Observations 9.7:1-21 Journal: https://journals.uct.ac.za/index.php/BO/ Manuscript: https://journals.uct.ac.za/index.php/BO/article/view/643 PDF: https://journals.uct.ac.za/index.php/BO/article/view/643/554 HTML: http://thebdi.org/blog/2018/09/06/odonata-of-the-western-cape Biodiversity Observations is an open access electronic journal published by the Animal Demography Unit at the University of Cape Town, available at https://journals.uct.ac.za/index.php/BO/ The scope of Biodiversity Observations includes papers describing observations about biodiversity in general, including animals, plants, algae and fungi. This includes observations of behaviour, breeding and flowering patterns, distributions and range extensions, foraging, food, movement, measurements, habitat and colouration/plumage variations. Biotic interactions such as pollination, fruit dispersal, herbivory and predation fall within the scope, as well as the use of indigenous and exotic species by humans. Observations of naturalised plants and animals will also be considered. Biodiversity Observations will also publish a variety of other interesting or relevant biodiversity material: reports of projects and conferences, annotated checklists for a site or region, specialist bibliographies, book reviews and any other appropriate material.
    [Show full text]
  • The 20 February 2010 Madeira Flash-Floods
    Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 12, 715–730, 2012 www.nat-hazards-earth-syst-sci.net/12/715/2012/ Natural Hazards doi:10.5194/nhess-12-715-2012 and Earth © Author(s) 2012. CC Attribution 3.0 License. System Sciences The 20 February 2010 Madeira flash-floods: synoptic analysis and extreme rainfall assessment M. Fragoso1, R. M. Trigo2, J. G. Pinto3, S. Lopes1,4, A. Lopes1, S. Ulbrich3, and C. Magro4 1IGOT, University of Lisbon, Portugal 2IDL, Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Portugal 3Institute for Geophysics and Meteorology, University of Cologne, Germany 4Laboratorio´ Regional de Engenharia Civil, R.A. Madeira, Portugal Correspondence to: M. Fragoso ([email protected]) Received: 9 May 2011 – Revised: 26 September 2011 – Accepted: 31 January 2012 – Published: 23 March 2012 Abstract. This study aims to characterise the rainfall ex- island of Madeira is quite densely populated, particularly in ceptionality and the meteorological context of the 20 Febru- its southern coast, with circa 267 000 inhabitants in 2011 ary 2010 flash-floods in Madeira (Portugal). Daily and census, with 150 000 (approximately 40 %) living in the Fun- hourly precipitation records from the available rain-gauge chal district, one of the earliest tourism hot spots in Europe, station networks are evaluated in order to reconstitute the currently with approximately 30 000 hotel beds. In 2009, the temporal evolution of the rainstorm, as its geographic inci- archipelago received 1 million guests; this corresponds to an dence, contributing to understand the flash-flood dynamics income of more than 255 Million Euro (INE-Instituto Na- and the type and spatial distribution of the associated im- cional de Estat´ıstica, http://www.ine.pt).
    [Show full text]
  • The Dragonfly Larvae of Namibia.Pdf
    See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/260831026 The dragonfly larvae of Namibia (Odonata) Article · January 2014 CITATIONS READS 11 723 3 authors: Frank Suhling Ole Müller Technische Universität Braunschweig Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Gymnasium 99 PUBLICATIONS 1,817 CITATIONS 45 PUBLICATIONS 186 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Andreas Martens Pädagogische Hochschule Karlsruhe 161 PUBLICATIONS 893 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Feeding ecology of owls View project The Quagga mussel Dreissena rostriformis (Deshayes, 1838) in Lake Schwielochsee and the adjoining River Spree in East Brandenburg (Germany) (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae) View project All content following this page was uploaded by Frank Suhling on 25 April 2018. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. LIBELLULA Libellula 28 (1/2) LIBELLULALIBELLULA Libellula 28 (1/2) LIBELLULA Libellula Supplement 13 Libellula Supplement Zeitschrift derder GesellschaftGesellschaft deutschsprachiger deutschsprachiger Odonatologen Odonatologen (GdO) (GdO) e.V. e.V. ZeitschriftZeitschrift der derder GesellschaftGesellschaft Gesellschaft deutschsprachigerdeutschsprachiger deutschsprachiger OdonatologenOdonatologen Odonatologen (GdO)(GdO) (GdO) e.V.e.V. e.V. Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft deutschsprachiger Odonatologen (GdO) e.V. ISSN 07230723 - -6514 6514 20092014 ISSNISSN 072307230723 - - -6514 65146514 200920092014 ISSN 0723 - 6514 2009 2014 2009
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Report Water Research and Learning Programme Wadi Wurayah National Park Field Season 2016–2017 EWS-WWF
    Scientific Report | Water Research and Learning Programme | Wadi Wurayah National Park | Field Season 2016–2017 Wurayah | Wadi and Learning Programme Scientific Research Report | Water Scientific Report Water Research and Learning Programme Wadi Wurayah National Park Field Season 2016–2017 EWS-WWF 1 Marine Turtle Conservation Project Final Scientifc Report 1 Marine Turtle Conservation Project Final Scientifc Report Marine Turtle Conservation Project Final Scientifc Report 1 PROJECT PARTNERS HSBC Bank Middle East Ltd. One of the largest international banks in the Middle East and a key financial partner and supporter of Wadi Wurayah National Park since 2006, HSBC Bank Middle East Ltd. established the Water Research and Learning Programme as part of its Global Water Programme. Fujairah Municipality Strategic partner and driver of Wadi Wurayah National Park development. The mission of Fujairah Municipality is to provide advanced infrastructure, a sustainable environment, and excellence in services to the people of Fujairah. Emirates Wildlife Society-WWF Emirates Wildlife Society-WWF is a UAE environmental non-governmental organisation established under the patronage of H. H. Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, ruler’s representative in the western region and chairman of Environmental Agency Abu Dhabi. Since its establishment, Emirates Wildlife Society has been working in association with WWF, one of the largest and Prepared by most respected independent global conservation organisations, to initiate and Patricia Cabrera, EWS-WWF implement environmental conservation and education projects in the region. Altaf Habib, EWS-WWF EWS-WWF has been active in the UAE since 2001, and its mission is to work with Anne V. Bourbon, EWS-WWF people and institutions within the UAE and the region to conserve biodiversity and tackle climate change through education, awareness, policy, and science-based Reviewed by conservation initiatives.
    [Show full text]
  • The Identification of the Exuviae of the Genus Trithemis (Fam: Libellulidae) Found in Europe
    Boletín Rola nº 2, mayo 2013 The identification of the exuviae of the genus Trithemis (fam: Libellulidae) found in Europe Christophe Brochard, Ewoud van der Ploeg, Richard Seidenbusch & David Chelmick Contacto: [email protected] ABSTRACT An illustrated key of identification for european Libellulidae's exuviae featuring the 9th segment spiny dorsaly is provided. This includes the four species of the genus Trithemis, which are studied in more details and thoroughly illustrated. A new character establishing differences between T. annulata and T. kirbyi is established and permits to identify them in the field. RESUMEN Se proporciona una clave de identificación ilustrada para las exuvias de Libellulidae europeas con el noveno segmento espinoso dorsalmente. Incluye las cuatro especies del género Trithemis que se estudian e ilustran con más detalle. Un nuevo criterio diferencia T. annulata de T. kirbyi (1) DIJKSTRA, K.-D.B., y permite identificarlas en el campo. & R. LEWINGTON (ILLUSTRATIONS) (2006). Field Guide to the INTRODUCTION Dragonflies of Britain and Europe. British Wildlife The identification of adult dragonflies has progressed Publishing Ltd. considerably in recent years. Unfortunately, the larval stages, (2) GERKEN, B. & K. and particularly the exuviae, have been much less well STERNBERG (1999). 1 Die Exuvien europäischer covered. Indeed, DIJKSTRA & LEWINGTON (2006) , which Libellen - The exuviae provided the definitive European guide, did not brought of European dragonflies. larval information. For European larvae and exuviae, only Höxter, Jena: Arnika & Eisvogel. GERKEN & STERNBERG (1999)2 provided comprehensive informations addressing to specialists. The recent book by (3) BROCHARD, C., 3 D. GROENDIJK, E. BROCHARD et al. (2012) was the first publication providing VAN DER PLOEG & a photographic key as well as species description.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Y-Chromosome and Mtdna Variability in the Madeira Archipelago Population
    International Congress Series 1288 (2006) 94–96 www.ics-elsevier.com Analysis of Y-chromosome and mtDNA variability in the Madeira Archipelago population Ana T. Fernandes *, Rita Gonc¸alves, Alexandra Rosa, Anto´nio Brehm Human Genetics Laboratory, University of Madeira, Campus of Penteada, Funchal, Portugal Abstract. The Atlantic archipelago of Madeira is made up of two islands (Madeira and Porto Santo) with 250,000 inhabitants. These islands were discovered and settled by the Portuguese in the 15th century and played an important role in the complex Atlantic trade network in the following centuries. The genetic composition of the Madeira Islands’ population was investigated by analyzing Y-chromosomal bi-allelic and STR markers in three different regions of the main island plus Porto Santo. We compared the results with mtDNA data and used the Y-chromosome STRs to determine the variability within each haplogroup. A sample of 142 unrelated males divided into four groups (Funchal City, West Madeira, North and East Madeira and Porto Santo) were analyzed. Significant genetic differences between these regions and the population of Funchal were found. The population of Funchal had lower gene diversity than expected. D 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Keywords: Madeira Island; Y-chromosome; mtDNA 1. Introduction The Madeira archipelago is made up of two inhabited islands, Madeira and Porto Santo, and has a population of about 250,000 inhabitants, with more than half living in Funchal. The Portuguese colonized the Madeira Archipelago in the 15th century and, in the beginning of the colonization, the archipelago was divided into three parts (Southwest and Northeast in the Madeira Island, and Porto Santo) and given to three administrators [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Empty Quarter Expedition Oman 2013
    Empty Quarter Expedition Oman 2013 Observations in the Empty Quarter & A Rapid Biodiversity Assessment of Wadi Sayq, Dhofar Photo by Lawrence Ball Contents Abstract 2 Overview 2 Expedition Science report 2 British Exploring Society 2 Expedition location 3 Expedition Objectives 3 Anglo-Omani Collaboration and Acknowledgements 4 Introduction 5 Expedition Science Overview 5 Zoogeography 6 Climate 6 The Dhofar Mountains 6 Wadi Sayq 7 Research Papers 11 1.0 Bird Observations in the Empty Quarter 11 2.0 A Camera Trap Survey in the Empty Quarter 14 3.0 A Pitfall Trap Survey in the Empty Quarter 19 4.0 Actinic Light Trap Survey in the Empty Quarter 23 5.0 Opportunistic Observations in the Empty Quarter 25 6.0 Plant Diversity in the Empty Quarter, Oman 30 7.0 Plant Diversity Assessment of the Al Hashman Oasis 32 8.0 Lithic Artefacts from the Empty Quarter 34 9.0 Evaluation of Bird Species in Wadi Sayq 40 10.0 The Status of the Mammal Fauna in Wadi Sayq, Dhofar Governorate, Oman 53 11.0 An Inventory of Herpetofauna in Wadi Sayq 61 12.0 A Rapid Assessment of Bat Species in Wadi Sayq using Echolocation Detection 70 13.0 Sherman Trapping in the Empty Quarter and Wadi Sayq 79 14.0 An Inventory of Butterfly Species from Wadi Sayq 86 15.0 An Inventory of Dragonfly Species from Wadi Sayq 93 16.0 Plant Diversity in a Dhofarian Wadi 101 17.0 Conservation Implications 105 Conclusions Photo by Lawrence108 Ball Further Reading – Online Resources 110 Abstract The Sultanate of Oman is a unique land in the Arabian Peninsula, home to mankind for millennia.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter I the Portuguese Empire
    Decay or defeat ? : an inquiry into the Portuguese decline in Asia 1580-1645 Veen, Ernst van Citation Veen, E. van. (2000, December 6). Decay or defeat ? : an inquiry into the Portuguese decline in Asia 1580-1645. Research School of Asian, African, and Amerindian Studies (CNWS), Leiden University. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15783 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/15783 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). CHAPTER I THE PORTUGUESE EMPIRE The boundaries Until well into the seventeenth century, as far as the Iberians were concerned, the way the world was divided and the role they were to play therein as champions of the church was clear-cut and straightforward. Already in the fifteenth century the rights of the Portuguese monarchs on the portus, insulas, terras et maria still to be conquered had been confirmed by Papal edicts. They bestowed the privilege to intrude into the countries of the Saracenes and heathens, to take them prisoner, take all their possessions and reduce them to eternal slavery. Derived from this right of conquest were the rights of legislation, jurisdiction and tribute and the monopolies of navigation, trade and fishing. Besides, the kings were allowed to build churches, cloisters and other holy places and to send clergy and other volunteers, to spread the true religion, to receive confessions and to give absolutions. Excommunication or interdiction were the penalties for Christians who violated these royal monopolies.1 As the Castilians were just as keen on the collection of slaves and gold and the overseas expansion of the mission, a clash of interests was inevitable.2 In 1479, the Castilians used the opportunity of king Afonso V's defeat, after he attempted to acquire the Castilian throne, to establish their rights on the Canary islands.
    [Show full text]
  • Brachytron 13 (1/2)
    The Odonata of the Tassili-n-Ajjer, Algeria Henri J Dumont [email protected] Inleiding The study area: Tassili-n-Ajjer It has been pointed out to me that, in the The Tassili-n-Ajjer (‘plateau of the rivers’) is a framework of my Sahara work, I have dealt with 75,000 km2 sandstone plateau in the centre the Odonata of the Air (Dumont 1978a), the of the Sahara desert, mainly on east Algerian Hoggar mountains (Dumont 1978b), and later territory, but extending in the south-east as the with the Mouydir plateau (Dumont 2007) and Tadrart Acacus into western Libya. The area has the Tibesti and Ounianga (Dumont 2014), but I become world famous as an archaeological site, have never published on the Central Saharan where thousands of rock paintings of Neolithic plateau of Tassili-n-Ajjer. Yet, I visited this area age were found (Lhote 1958). It is well isolated of deeply dissected sandstone on six occasions from the Hoggar that extends to the south-west, between 1978 and 1991, and made observations and more or less contiguous with the Mouydir on the local dragonfly fauna. Here, I present the and Tefedest plateaus in the west. The plateau delayed results of this work. Voucher specimens is deeply dissected by the canyons of a number were collected, in addition to field notes on of oueds (or wadis). Most of these run north, observations made in situ, when no specimens although some shorter ones drain towards the were extirpated from nature. Some locations south. Many of these canyons are so deep that were only visited once, others four or five times permanent water can locally be found on their (see below).
    [Show full text]
  • Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Versus Genbank Molecular Identification of a Dragonfly from the UAE in Comparison to the Morphological Identification
    OnLine Journal of Biological Sciences Original Research Paper Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Versus GenBank Molecular Identification of a Dragonfly from the UAE in Comparison to the Morphological Identification 1Noora Almansoori, 1,2Mohamed Rizk Enan and 1Mohammad Ali Al-Deeb 1Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE 2Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, Giza, Egypt Article history Abstract: Dragonflies are insects in the order Odonata. They inhabit Received: 26-09-2019 freshwater ecosystems and are found in the UAE. To date, few checklists Revised: 19-11-2019 have been published for the local dragonflies and the used identification Accepted: 29-11-2019 keys are not comprehensive of Arabia. The aim of this study was to provide a molecular identification of a dragonfly based on the mitochondrial Corresponding Author: Cytochrome c Oxidase subunit I (COI) gene using the National Center for Mohammad Ali Al-Deeb, Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database and the Barcode of Life Data Department of Biology, United Systems (BOLD) in comparison with the morphology. The insect’s DNA Arab Emirates University, Al- was extracted and the PCR was performed on the target gene. The insect Ain, UAE Email: [email protected] was identified initially as Anax imperator based on the NCBI database and as Anax parthenope based on the BOLD. However, the morphological identification was in agreement with the one produced by the BOLD. The results of this study is a demonstration of how, in some cases, the DNA- based identification does not provide a conclusive species designation and that a morphology-based identification is needed.
    [Show full text]