>ULL£TTN OF rSYCHOLOQY AND THE !0O0 DIV. 10, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION Vol i(2) SPECIAL ISSUE: CREATIVITY AND PSYCHGPATHQLQ@Y SARAH BENOLKEN AND COLIN MAKTINDALE, EDITORS AND ON EXHIBIT AT APA: THE OUTSIDER ART OF HAI TOM ETTfNGER, EDITOR William Adolphe Bouguereau - At the Edge of the River (Detail) From the collection of Fred and Sherry Ross President Paul M. Farnsworth 1945-•1949 Robert 1 Sternberg (1999-2000) Norman C. Meier 1949-•1950 Department of Psychology Paul M. Farnsworth 1950-1951 Yale University Kate Hevner Mueller 1951 1952 Herbert S. Landfeld .1952 •1953 Box 208205 R. M. Ogden 1953 •1954 New Haven CT 06520 Carroll C. Pratt 1954 •1955 Melvin G. Rigg 1955-•1956 President-Elect J. P. Guilford . 1956•195 7 Sandra Russ (2000-2001) Rudolf Arnheim 1957-1958 Department of Psychology James J. Gibson 1958 •1959 Case Western Reserve University Leonard Carmichael 1959 1960 Cleveland OH 44106 ' Abraham Maslow 1060 1961 Joseph Shoben, Jr. 1961 •1962 Robert B. Macleod Past-President 1962 •1963 Carrol C. Pratt 1963 -1964 Louis Sass (1998-1999) Harry Helson 1964 •1965 Rudolf Arnheim 1965-1966 Secretary-Treasurer Irving L. Child 1966 1967 Constance Milbrath (1999-2002) Robert L. Knapp 1967-•1968 SigmundKoch 1968-1969 APA Council Representative Marianne L. Simmel 1969-•1970 Clair Golomb (1998-2001) Rudolf Arnheim 1970-1971 Frank Barron 1971-•1972 Michael A. Wallach Members-at-Large to the Executive 1972-1973 Frederick Wyatt Committee 1973 1974 Daniel E. Berlyne Stephanie Z. Dudek (1999-2002) 1974-•1975 Julian Hochberg 1975 •1976 David Harrington (1997-2000) Edward L. Walker 1976-•1977 Ruth Richards (1999-2002) Joachim Wohlwill 1978-•1979 Pavel Machotka 1979-1980 Ravenna Helson Bulletin Editor 1980-1981 Nathan Kogan Tom Ettinger (1998-2001) 1981-•1982 Salvatore R. Maddi Department of Psychology 1981 •1982 Stephanie Z. Dudek New York University 1982-•1983 Brian Sutton-Smith 6 Washington Place 1983 •1984 Henry Gleitman New York NY 10003 1984-•1985 Dean Keith Simonton 1985-•1986 Colin Martindale 1986 •1987 Ad hoc Committee Chairs Kenneth J. Gergen 1987-1988 Lawrence L. Marks 1988-1989 Awards: Robert J. Sternberg Nathan Kogan 1989 •1990 Margery B. Franklin 1990 •1991 Fellows: Ellen Winner Howard E. Gruber 1991 •1992 John M, Kennedy 1992 1993 Membership: Colin Martindale Robert S. Albert 1993 1994 Martin S. Lindauer 1994-1995 Nominations: John Kennedy Ellen Winner 1995 1996 Gerald C. Cupchik 1996.•199 7 Publications: Sandra Russ Mark Runco 1997-•1998 Louis A. Sass 1998-•1999 - ^fisffas Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts Vol. 1(2) 25 Contents •> Creativity and Psychopathology - Sarah Benolken and Colin Martindale, Editors 28 Introduction Colin Martindale and Sarah Benolken 28 Spiraling Upward: A Century of Research on Creativity and Psychopathology Colin Martindale 30 Genius and Insanity Cesare Lombroso 36 Creativity and the Schizophrenia Spectrum Louis A. Sass 38 Are there Mental Costs to Creativity? James C. Kaufman and Robert J. Sternberg 39 Creativity and Psychopathology from a Darwinian Perspective Dean Keith Simonton 40 Subclinical Psychopathology, Dynamics, and "Normal Creativity" David Schuldberg 42 Creativity and Psychopathology Anthony Storr 43 Creativity and Liability for Schizophrenia Dennis K, Kinney and Elizabeth Ralevski 44 "Creative Advantage," Mood Disorders, and What We All Can Learn Ruth Richards and Dennis K. Kinney 47 Fractals, Madness, and Creative Achievement Arnold M. Ludwig 48 Sensation Seeking, Creativity, and Psychopathology Marvin Zuckerman 50 Disinhibition, Dopamine, and Creativity Colin Martindale, Oshin Vartanian, and Jonna Kwiatkowski 54 Great Wits Ally'd to Madness? Is That a Fact? Gordon Claridge 55 Creativity and Psychopathology Albert Rothenberg 59 Positive Affect and Creativity: Symptom of Psychopathology or Component of Creative Process? Pamela J. Shapiro and Robert W. Weisberg 62 The Collaborative Achievement of Creativity and Pathology Kenneth J, Gergen 63 Creativity and the Stock Market Norman Holland 65 Death by Character Assassination: Or How Modernist Lies Discredited Academic Art Fred Ross ^M^^&s^m^m 26 Vol. 1(2) Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts 66 Psychopathology and Creativity in a Normal Sample of Advantaged Women Ravenna Nelson 61 The Conscious Use of Creative Activities to Combat Anxiety and Depression in Adolescents David M. Harrington 69 Creativity, Emotional Problems, and the Psychotherapy Process in Children . Sandra W. Russ 70 Creativity, Psychoanalysis, and Psychodiagnostics: Past, Present, and Future Tom Ettinger 11 Art Therapy: Creative Processes and Created Products Tom Ettinger 72 Creativity and Psychopathology: A Case Study Mary Herzog 72 The Flying Immigrant: A Reflection on Creativity and Self-Stigmatization Sarah Benolken 73 Enhancing Creativity in Therapists: What can be learned from the Shaman? Anne E. Martindale 16 Searching for the Meaning of Art Pavel Machotka Division 10 News 78 Message from the President Robert J. Sternberg 78 Message from the President-Elect Sandra W. Russ 79 Message from the Past President Louis A. Sass 80. Announcements 82 Division 10 2000 APA Program On Exhibit at APA: The Outsider Art of HAI - Tom Ettinger, Editor 85 Preface Tom Ettinger 85 Introduction Raymond D. Fowler 87 Art for Inspiration Jamie Chamberlin 89 Psychological Revelations: The Outsider Artists of Hospital Audiences, Inc. Tobi Zausner 92 List of Works on Exhibit Elizabeth Marks Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts Vol. 1(2) 27 Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema - The Discussion From the collection of Fred and Sherry Ross ;^lg|^Ji^.rf^^ 'W®^Mm$si^M$ 'ifclliiitfe 28 Vol. 1(2) Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts Scarlett Dawn Davis comes first to mind. Without her, we could never have produced this issue. We couldn't get Adobe PageMaker to do anything'of any use, and it rebelled at every turn. When Scarlett gave orders, the program Colin Martindale knew that it had better obey them. The first author would like to take this University of Maine occasion to thank Scarlett for always being there when he needed her, not only in this case but in so many others across the last 20 years. She is an expert at Sarah BenoLken desktop publishing, and could have asked a high fee for her work on this issue, New York, New York She charged nothing. Regard the layout of the issue as a gift to Division 10 from her. We thank Stevie Wilson and Sarah Jordan at APA for putting up wii h When he became president of Division 10, Robert J. Sternberg had the laud­ our questions and teaching us a lot. We'll miss them, as—shocking thougli ii able goal of establishing a journal for the division. A look at income from dues may be to them and no doubt a great relief as well—this is our final venture and how much the division has in reserve showed him that this was not a fea­ into desktop publishing. The issue was produced in spite of the incompetence sible goal. However, both he and the executive committee felt that the division of several people. Rather than naming them, we shall leave them unwept and does have enough income and reserves to upgrade from a Newsletter to a Bul­ unsung as is certainly their deserved fate. Readers may wonder where we letin that would carry substantive articles. It was felt that this would be of obtained the funds to produce so many full-color pages. They will have to keep interest to current members and would help to draw now members. Though wondering. Almost all of the money for these pages came from a very gener­ our dues are modest, one does like to feel that he or she is getting something for ous donation to Division 10 made for this purpose. The donor wishes to re­ his or her money. Whether one is starting a bulletin or a journal, it takes time main anonymous. We hope that we speak for all of Division 10 in offering our for people to hear about it and begin submitting high-quality articles. It was profound gratitude for this gift. felt that a good way to begin the Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts would be special theme-issues devoted to topics that would be of interest to all members Colin Martindale of the division. With this issue, we shall see if that is in fact a good way to start Department of Psychology This special issue of the Bulletin of Psychology and the Arts is devoted to University of Maine creativity and psychopathology. The reader will note that most of the major Orono ME 04469 theorists have contributed articles. For this, we sincerely thank them, as con­ tributors had only a bit over a month to prepare their articles. Other names one might expect to see had quite good reasons for not being able to contribute. Spiraling Upward: Kay Jamison, for example, has just sent her regrets for being unable to send an A Century of Research on article. She only learned of our invitation after returning—literally hours be­ fore the Bulletin had to be sent to the printers—from England. Creativity and Psychopathology Though there is a growing consensus that creativity and psychopathology are related, there is not unanimity, and there is not agreement as to how or to Colin Martindale what extent they are related. In the first part of the Bulletin, we have arranged University of Maine * articles roughly from those in which it is argued that the relationship is close I t through those in which it is argued that the relationship is moderate or slight to In 1900 it was widely believed that genius and insanity are intimately related | those in which it is argued that that there is little or no relationship. Articles and that creativity is in large part transmitted genetically. The same is widely ! the authors of which explore in various ways relationships between creativity believed in 2000.