Study of Natuml Gas Processing in Bangladesh Muhammed Ha>sanuzzaman Shikder !o.lASTloROF PETROLEUM" & MINERAL RESOURCES ENGINEERING ,--- ; , I. ,- III~IImIIIlIIIJIIIIIIII ,: ltl02B5~ L " Depanmenl of Petroleum Engineering & Mineral Resource> Engineering BANGLADESH UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, DHAKA BANGLADESH -,- December, 2005, RECOMMENDATION OF THE BOARD 01.' EXAMINERS The project titled "Study of Natural Gas Processing in Bangladesh" submitted by Muhammed HassanU7.7.amanShikdcr, Roll No 96130291', Session 1995-96-97, has been accepted as satisfactory in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of?elrolcum and Mineral Resources Engineering fill. /~l~l~. , ...".. " ... Chairman Dr, Mohammed Mahbubur Rahman (Supervisor) Assistant Professor Dept of Petroleum and .Mineral Re,ources Engg BUET. Dhaka. Member Dr, Mohammad T mim Professor and Head Dept ofPelroleum and Mioeral ReSOlirces Engg. "AUET, Dhaka Member MD, Rakibul Hashem Sarker Assistant Professor Dept. of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Fngg, BUET, Dhaka Date Decemher 28, 2005 " , DECLARATION It is hereby declared that this project or any part ofil has not heen ,ubmitted elsewhere for the award orany degree or diploma. Muhammed Hassanuzzaman Shikder m ACKNOWLI£[)(;EI\IENT I wOLlldlike to express my doop appreciation to Dr Mohammed MahbLlbur Rahman, Assistant Professur of the Department of Petroleum and Mineral Resuurces Engineering, for his valuable guidance, encouragement and supervision of this work. 1 would also like to express my grati(Llde to Dr. Edmond Gomes, former Professor of the Department of Petroleum and Mineral Resources Engineering, for his suggestions and inspiration at the initial stage of this work. I would also like to thank Mr Md. Rakibul Ha,hem Sarker, Assistant Professor of the Department of Petroleum and Mineral Resources for his extended support and cooperation in completing this project. I wOLlldlike to thank the authorities of different gas fields for their kind cooperation in providing me with requisite data and valuable suggestions. Last but not the least, I would like to thank the authorities ofBAPEX for giving me the opportunity to work towards this degree, and kind cooperation in pro~;ding me with requisite data and valuable suggestions. ABSTRACT Natural gas has been an important indigenol.lS hydrocarbon resource in Bangladesh It is predominant fuel for industries and commercial establishments. The natural gas produced from the reservoir is usually a complex mixture of several hydrocarbons in thcir liquid and gaseous states, intimately mixcd with water Often, solids and other contaminants arc also present in the mixturc. Therefore, some processing is fC{luiredfor the produced natural gas before it can be brought to the customer. The gas processing plants constitute a very important !legment of the gas industry in Bangladesh. Currently, there are six companies involved in producing gas ITom fifteen different gas fields in Bangladesh. These companies operate thirty-nine ga, processing plants, using a variety of technologies. Different technologies are involved in removing different elements ITom natural gas Therefore, a gas processing plant must combine the appropriate technologies to address the needs of a specific gas field. The selection and design of a processing plant i, extremely important for operating a gas ficld efficiently and economically. This study takes a closer look at an these plants in Bangladesh, A scrutiny of each plant is presented with a view to identity potential rooms for improvement. Whereas the knowledge and expertise on one particular plant is available, it is extremely difficult to get a broader perspective of the industry because no comparative literature is available This study attempt> to fill in the knowledge bage by presenting a comparative •• study uf all the plants currently in operation in Bangladesh. It will be beneficial to all partie, interested in the gas processing industry in Bangladesh. It should provide some directives regarding the future of the industry in Bangladesh TABLE OF CONTENTS page CHAPTER I .................................................................................... 1 l}ITRODUcnON \ CHAPTER II .•.•......•...•.•.•..............•..•.•.•.....•..........................•....•.•.•. 3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 3 2, I Objectives 3 2.2 Methodology 4 CHAPTER III ...............•..........•.•...•.......•........................................... 5 OlL AND GAS EXPLORATION AND PRODUCTION IN BANGLADESH 5 3.1 Exploration for Oil and Gas. 5 3. !.I Phase--l (British Period) 6 3. L2 Phase-TT (paki,tan Period) 6 3. L3 Phase-lIT (Banglade,h Period) 8 3.2 Production History \2 CHAPTER IV ..•............... .•.... .•................... .•.............. .•. 15 OVERVIEW OF GAS PROCESSING TNBANGLADESH \5 4.1 Gas Fields in Banglade,h \7 4.1 I Bakhrabad G'<lSField 17 4.1 2 Dcanibw,.ar Gas Field 20 4.1.3 FenchuganjGasFicJd ." .. ,., ... , "". 21 4.1.4 Feni Gas Field 2\ 4.1.5 Habiganj Gas Held 22 4,1.6 Jalalabad Gas field 24 4,1.7 KailastiJa Gas Field 24 4,1.8 Meghna Gas Field 25 4, I ,9 Narshingdi Gas Field 26 4.1 10 Rashidpur Gas Field 27 4.1.11 Saldanadi Gas Field 28 4.112SanguGasField , 29 page 4.L13 Sylhet Gasfie!d 29 4.1.14 Titas Gas Field 30 4.2 Process Plants in Bangladesh 34 42.1 Absorption Process Glycol Dehydmtion Plant 38 4.2 \.1 Process Equipment 39 4.2.12 Process Description 43 4,2.2 Adsorption Process: Silica Gel Dehydration Plant 49 42.2.1 Process Equipment 4, 4.22.2 Process Description 59 4.2.3 Low-Temperature EXlracion Type Plant (LIX) 68 4.23.1 Process Description ", 68 4.2.4 Low.Temperature Separation (without Glycol Injection) Type Plant.,_ 73 4,2.4,1 Process Description 73 4 2.5lAJw-Temperalure Separation (with Glycol Injection) Type Plant 77 4.2 5.1 Process Description 78 4.26 Molcwlar Sieve Turbo Expander Plant (MSTE) 82 4.2.6 I Process Description 82 4,2.71FPEXOL Process Plant _____ 107 107 4,2.7.1 Process Description ! 4,2,8 Glycol Dehydration with Turbo Expander Plant ________11\ 4.2,8.1 ProccssEquipment .. " ... ,.,. __lit eRA PTER V •••••••••••••••••..•••••••••••••••••••••• _...•••••••••••••.•••••••••••..•••••••••••• 116 COMPARA1lVE STUDY OF THE GAS PROCESSING PLANTS IN BANGLADESH. ,.... ,', .. ,' 116 5,1 Comparisions by Major Facilities and Components 116 5, 1. I Glycol Dehydration Process Plant 116 5.1,2 Silica Gel Dehydration Process Plant ,... " ... ,. 118 5.1.3 General Comparisons 121 52 Major Replacements and Repairs ...... 123 5.3 Performance of Process Plants in Different Fields .. " ... ,.. 127 5 3.1 Bakhrabad Gas Field ,.. 129 5.3,2 Beanibazar Gas Field ,130 5.3.3 Fenchuganj Gas Field. .. ... 131 page 5.34 Feni Gas Field 131 5.35 Habiganj Gas Field 131 5.3 6 Jalalabad Gas Field 132 5.3.7 KaiJastila Gas Field ." ... ,.. 133 5.3.8 Meglma Gas Field 134 5,3.9 Narshingdi (TdS Field 134 5.3,10 Rashidpur Gas Field 134 5.3,11 Saldanadi Gas Field . 135 5.3.12 Sangll Gas Field 135 5 3.13 Sylhet Gas Field 136 5.3.14 Iilas Gas Field 136 5 4 A Brief Discussion on Liquid Recovery . 138 CHAPTER VI J 42 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 142 REFERENCES ........•.•...................................................................•... 145 APPENDIX A ....••••••••••••••••••....•••••••••••••••••••••••••••...••••••••••••••••••••••.•...• 146 APPENDIX B 152 ,( , LIST 01<' TABLES page Table 3.1 Exploration Activities In Bangladesh 5 Table 3.2 Phase-1 Exploration Activities 6 Table 3.3 Phase-H Exploration Activitics 7 Table 3.4 Phase-Ill Exploration Activities (on shore) ,. 11 Table 3,5 Phase-Ill Exploration Activities (offshore) 12 Table36 Yearly Gas Production History of Different Fields 13 Table 3.7 Yearly Condensate Production History of Different Fields 14 Table 4.1 Contribution to Natural Gas Production by Different Companies., 16 Table 4.2 Field Wise Prodt.lctionRate of Natural Gas 16 Table 4.3 Current Status of Gas Processing Plants in Bangladesh 36 Table 4.4 Glycol Dehydration Process Plants in Different Fields 38 Table4,5 Silica Gel Dehydration Process Planls in Different Fields 49 Table 5 I Comparison of Equipment among Glycol Plants in Bangladesh. 119 Table 5.2 Comparison of Equipment among SilicaGel Plants in Bangladesh 122 Table 5.3 Summary ofPenormanee of Different Gas Processing Plants in Bangladesh 139 Table 5.4 - Comparison ofRecovcrable and Recovered Hydrocarbon in Different Fields ... 141 , LIST OF FIGURES page Figure 3.1 Block Map of Bangladesh 9 Figure 4.1 Location Map offields and Wells in Bangladesh. 18 Figure 4.2 Schematic Diagram ofTitas Location-I 32 .Figure 4 3 Block Diagram of Glycol Dehydration Plant 44 Fi~,'ure4.4 - Flow Diagram of Glycol Dehydration Plant ,... 47 Figure 4.5 Block Diagram of Silica Gel Dehydration Plant 60 Figure 4.6 Basic How Sequence in Adsorption Process 62 Figure 4,7 Block Diagram ofL TX Unit at Meghna Gas Ficld 69 Figure 4 8 Process Flow Diagram ofLTX Unit at Meghna Gas Field 71 Figure 4 9 - Block Diagram ofLTS without Glycol Injection Plant at Tilas f'icld. 74 Figure 4.10 _ Flow Diagram ofLTS without Glycol Injection (Plants 9 & 10) at Titas Field 76 Hgure 4, 11 _ Block Diagram of LTS with Glycol Injection Plant at Titas Gas Ficld 80 Figure 4.12 ~ Block Diagram ofMSTE Plant lit Kailashtila Gas Field 87 Figure 4, 13 _ Process Flow Diagram ofMSTE Planl at Kailashtila Gas field 95 Figure 4.14 - Process Flow Diagram ofIFPEXOL Plant at Jalalabad Gas Field ..] 109 figure 4.15 _ Block Diagram of Glycol Dehydration with Turbo Expander Plant al Sangu Field . 112 Fi!;,'ure4, 16 - Process Flow Diagram of Glycol