The Renal Vegetarian Challenge July 2011

What are the different types of vegetarian diets?

Vegan Consumes only plant products

Lactovegetarian Consumes plant products & dairy products

Lactoovovegetarian Consumes plant products, dairy products and eggs

Can a vegetarian diet be part of a renal diet?

The answer is yes. The patient with kidney disease who is a vegan has a real challenge to eat enough protein without adding too much phosphorus and potassium from the protein source. You will need to eat more tofu and fewer seeds, legumes and nuts to meet your daily protein needs. You may also need to increase the binders at mealtimes when eating the vegetarian foods.

To be used in conjunction with advice from a Registered Dietitian.

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What are the nutritional differences between vegetarian foods and non- vegetarian foods?

Food Nutritional content 1 oz meat, chicken or fish 7 g protein 110 mg potassium 70 mg phosphorus *Tofu (1/4 cup)- firm type 10 g protein (1/2 cup)- regular/silken type 150 mg potassium 120 mg phosphorus Black Beans (1/2 cup) 7 g protein 305 mg potassium 120 mg phosphorus Chick Peas (1/2 cup) 6 g protein 207 mg potassium 108 mg phosphorus Baked Beans (1/2 cup) 6 g protein 376 mg potassium 132 mg phosphorus Kidney Beans (1/2 cup) 7 g protein 355 mg potassium 125 mg phosphorus Lentils (1/3 cup) 6 g protein 244 mg potassium 118 mg phosphorus Lima Beans (1/2 cup) 6 g protein 478 mg potassium 105 mg phosphorus Mung Beans (1/2 cup) 7 g protein 208 mg potassium 100 mg phosphorus Peas, split (1/2 cup) 8 g protein 355 mg potassium 97 mg phosphorus Pinto Beans (1/2 cup) 7 g protein 400 mg potassium 137 mg phosphorus

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What are the differences between the types of tofu?

Firm/Extra-firm tofu is drier than other types and crumbles well. It can be grilled, baked or fried. Regular tofu is much softer than the firm/extra firm tofu and can be used to make patties or meatloaf. Mori-Nu tofu is a silken tofu and has a very smooth texture. It can be used in puddings or other creamy products. The firm and extra firm tofu has more potassium and phosphorus than does the regular silken types.

Recipes with Tofu

Mock Egg Salad

8 oz. firm tofu ½ tsp celery seed 1 Tbsp. prepared mustard 1/8 tsp pepper 1 Tbsp honey ¼ cup minced celery 2 tsp vinegar ¼ cup minced green pepper ½ tsp tumeric ½ tsp onion powder

Drain tofu. Crumble tofu in a bowl. Combine the next 7 ingredients in a dish and pour over tofu. Mash together well. Add celery and green pepper. Mix well. For flavors to blend, chill for 2 hours. Nutrient content (per ½ cup serving)- 96 calories, 12 g carbohydrate, 7 g protein, 285 mg potassium, 99 mg phosphorus

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Maple Tofu Pudding

Soft tofu makes the best puddings. The pudding is rich and creamy and very satisfying. This recipe makes 4 servings.

12-14 ounces (approximately 1 ½ cup) soft tofu ¼ cup corn oil 1/3 cup pancake syrup (use artificial maple flavor as real maple syrup has more potassium) ¼ tsp vanilla extract

1. Drain the tofu and cut it into small pieces. 2. Place the pieces in a blender. 3. Add the oil, syrup and vanilla. Put the lid on the blender. 4. Process the mixture for a minute or two, or until the pudding is quite smooth. 5. If necessary, turn off the blender, and scrape down the sides of the blender jar. 6. Then put the lid back on and process some more. 7. When the mixture is smooth, put it in 4 small, reusable, half-cup containers. 8. Chill until serving time, or serve right away if desired.

Nutrient content: 6 g protein, 22 g carbohydrate, 150 mg potassium, 120 mg phosphorus

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Tofu Rice Burrito (Recipe makes one burrito)

1 soft tortilla shell 2/3 cup cooked white rice 1/2 cup raw tofu cubes ¼ cup chopped green pepper ¼ cup chopped onion 1 Tbsp cream cheese 2 Tbsp salsa

Stir fry or microwave tofu with onion and green pepper until softened. Add cream cheese to tofu and vegetable mix until mixed well. Add salsa and rice; mix well. Spoon mixture in tortilla shell and bake in 350 degree oven for 10 minutes. 1 burrito: 10.5 g protein, 41 g carbohydrate, 261 mg potassium, 156 mg phosphorus

Supplements for adding protein

Beneprotein: 1 scoop (1 ½ Tbsp) powder provides- 6 g of protein (Whey protein isolate [Milk]) 35 mg potassium 15 mg phosphorus

NovaSource Renal: (per 100 mL) - 7.4 g protein (milk protein concentrate) 81 mg potassium 65 mg phosphorus

*Ensure Plus: (per 100 mL) – 5.7 g protein (milk protein concentrate) 195 mg potassium 105 mg phosphorus

*Boost: (per 100 mL) - 4.3 g protein (milk protein) 210 mg potassium 120 mg phosphorus

* Ensure plus and Boost are higher in potassium and phosphorus

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