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Research Collection Research Collection Report Bestandbeschrieb der Akten zur Geschichte der Präsidentschaft von C.G. Jung in der Internationalen Ärztlichen Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie, 1933-1940 im Nachlass von C.A. Meier C.G. Jung-Arbeitsarchiv, ETH-Bibliothek, Hochschularchiv der ETH Zürich Author(s): Sorge, Giovanni Publication Date: 2016 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010701953 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library 1 Giovanni Sorge Bestandbeschrieb der Akten zur Geschichte der Präsidentschaft von C.G. Jung in der Internationalen Ärztlichen Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie, 1933-1940 im Nachlass von C.A. Meier C.G. Jung-Arbeitsarchiv, ETH-Bibliothek, Hochschularchiv der ETH Zürich betreut von Prof. Dr. Andreas B. Kilcher Professur für Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft Departement Geistes-, Sozial- und Staatswissenschaften ETH Zürich C.A Meier (1905-1995) C. G. Jung (1975-1961) 2 Dank Unterstützt wurde das Projekt durch den Dr. Donald C. Donald Cooper-Fonds, ETH Zürich, und Stiftung der Werke von C.G. Jung, Zürich. 3 Inhaltverzeichnis I Erster Teil. Hintergrund 5 I, 1 Die „Analytische“ bzw. „Komplexe Psychologie“ C.G. Jungs 6 I, 1.1 Zur Komplexität der Analytischen Psychologie 6 I, 1.2 C.A. Meier, C.G. Jung und die Analytische Psychologie an der ETH Zürich 9 I, 1.2.1 C.A Meier. Eine biographische Skizze 9 I, 1.2.2 Die Analytische Psychologie an der ETH Zürich 10 I, 2 Analytische Psychologie, Psychotherapie und Psychoanalyse am Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts 11 I, 2.1 Jungs Ausdifferenzierung und Weiterentwicklung der Psychoanalyse 11 I, 2.2 Jungs Interpretation der (deutschen) Kollektivpsychologie und des Nationalsozialismus 14 I, 3 Zur Geschichte der AAGP-IAAGP 19 I, 3.1 Psychoanalyse, Individualpsychologie und Analytische Psychologie in der AAGP 19 I, 3.2 1933. Jungs Annahme der AAGP-Präsidentschaft 23 I, 3.3 Schema A. Wichtigere Etappen der AAGP/IAAGP 26 I, 3.4 Schema B. Landesgruppen der IAAGP und deren Mitgliederzahl 27 I, 4 Jung und die Frage des Nationalsozialismus. Problem, Kontext und Debatte 28 II Zweiter Teil. Die IAAGP-Akten aus dem Nachlass C.A. Meier an der ETH 36 II, 1 Zugang, Konsultation und jetzige Katalogisierung 37 II, 2 Beschreibung der IAAGP-Aktenbestände 39 III Dritter Teil. Erkenntnisgewiss aus den IAAGP-Akten 68 III, 1 Die spezifische Bedeutung der IAAGP-Akten in ihrem Verhältnis zu Jungs Auffassung des Nationalsozialismus (mit sieben ‚Thesen‘) 69 III, 2 Einige abschliessende Bemerkungen 92 III, 3 Appendix A. C.A Meiers Schriftleitungstätigkeit und deren Überschneidung mit Jungs Präsidentschaft 94 III, 4 Appendix B. Jungs Zeugnisse und Atteste zugunsten von Flüchtlingen und jüdischen Anhängern 96 Anhang 1. C.A. Meiers Biografie 100 Anhang 2. Schlüsselfiguren der IAAGP 102 Bibliografie 106 4 Abkürzungen AAGP Allgemeine Ärztliche Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie AAZPH Allgemeine ärztliche Zeitschrift für Psychotherapie und psychische Hygiene einschliesslich der klinischen und sozialen Grenzgebiete BK Bundesarchiv Koblenz (Bestand: „Kleine Erwerbungen der Geschichte der Psychoanalyse“) DAAGP Deutsche Allgemeine Ärztliche Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie DPG Deutsche Psychoanalytische Gesellschaft GW Gesammelte Werke von C.G. Jung, hg. von L. Hurwitz-Eisner, L. Jung-Merker, M. Niehus-Jung, F. Riklin, E. Rüf, L. Zander (Rascher, Zürich/Stuttgart; Walter, Olten und Freiburg im Breisgau 1958-1994) IAA Aktenbestände der IAAGP (aus dem C.A. Meier Nachlass am JAA) [Signatur: Hs 1069: (usw.)] IAAGP Internationale Allgemeine Ärztliche Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie (auch UAAGP genannt)1 JAA C. G. Jung-Arbeitsarchiv, ETH-Bibliothek, Hochschularchiv der ETH Zürich [Signatur: Hs 1056: (usw.)] MS Manuskript o.A. ohne Autor[in] o.D. undatiert o.S. ohne Seite[n] o. Sign. ohne Signatur[en] o.T. ohne Titel SGPP Schweizerischen Gesellschaft für Praktische Psychologie SWCGJ Stiftung der Werke von C.G. Jung TS Typoskript UAAGP Überstaatliche Allgemeine Ärztliche Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie (auch IAAGP genannt) ZBL / Zentralblatt Zentralblatt für Psychotherapie und ihrer Grenzgebiete einschließlich der Medizinischen Psychologie und Psychischen Hygiene2 1 Es sei hier bemerkt, dass die Bezeichnung „Internationale Allgemeine Ärztliche Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie für die Gesellschaft verwendet wird, die in Bad Nauheim im Mai 1934 mit der Formalisierung der neuen Statuten als „überstaatliche“ AAGP gegründet wurde. Die Bezeichnungen IAAGP und UAAGP weisen auf dieselbe Gesellschaft hin und gelten in der Korrespondenz faktisch als austauschbar. Tatsächlich wurde der Ausdruck „International“ erst später (ab 1935- 36) auch in amtlichen Dokumenten regelmässiger verwendet. Ohne dass ein Namenswechsel stattfand, ersetzte die Benennung „IAAGP“ die zuerst meist in offiziellen Urkunden (nämlich in den Statuten, Rundbriefen und Anmeldescheinen) verwendete Bezeichnung „UAAGP“. Allerdings wurde nach der Gründung der DAAGP die Bezeichnung UAAGP für die AAGP gelegentlich verwendet, um die im 1926 gegründete AAGP von der im 1933 gegründeten DAAGP zu unterscheiden. Der Einfachheit halber wird in diesem Bestandbeschrieb die Benennung „Internationale Gesellschaft“ verwendet. Der progressive Wechsel in der Benennung der von Jung gegründeten Gesellschaft von UAAGP zu IAAGP wird auch deshalb deutlich, weil die erst im Mai gegründete neue Gesellschaft noch Zeit brauchte, um sich als tatsächlich aus mehreren Landesgruppen bestehende (Dach)Gesellschaft zu profilieren. 2 Zuerst Allgemeine ärztliche Zeitschrift für Psychotherapie und psychische Hygiene einschliesslich der klinischen und sozialen Grenzgebiete. Organ der Allgemeinen ärztlichen Gesellschaft für Psychotherapie genannt. Bis Februar 1933 waren E. Kretschmer und R. Sommer, unter der Schriftleitung von R. Allers, A. Kronfeld und J. H. Schultz Herausgegeber; ab dem dritten Heft des 6. Jahrgangs (Dezember 1933) C.G. Jung unter der Schriftleitung von W. Cimbal; ab 1934 wurde C.A. Meier Schriftleiter des ZBLs für die IAAGP. Von 1936 bis 1940 wurde M.H. Göring Mitherausgeber mit C.G. Jung. Das ZBL wurde bis 1944 bei demselben Verlag (Hirzel, Leipzig) veröffentlicht, bis 1933 als Monats-, später als Zweimonatsschrift. 1933 erschienen nur zwei Hefte des ZBLs. 5 I. Erster Teil. Hintergrund Nur Götter werden wunderbar fertig hervorgebracht aus Bäumen, Bergen oder dem Haupt des Zeus. Jede Wissenschaft hat ihre Phylogenie und ihre Ontogenie, so, wie sie ihre Voraussetzungen und Folgerungen hat. Für uns Epigonen ist es deshalb Selbsttäuschung, wenn wir die geistesgeschichtliche Stellung einer Lehre oder die individualgeschichtliche Entwicklung bei ihrem Schöpfer nicht beachten. Dadurch bleibt dann ihre Aneignung sozusagen epiphänomenalistisch. C.A. Meier3 3 ‚Ein nicht ganz unnützes Vorwort‘, Die Empirie des Unbewussten (Lehrbuch der Komplexen Psychologie C.G. Jungs, Bd. I, Rascher Verlag, Zürich 1968) Daimon, Einsiedeln 1994, 9. 6 I, 1 DIE „ANALYTISCHE“ BZW. „KOMPLEXE PSYCHOLOGIE“ C.G. JUNGS I, 1.1 ZUR KOMPLEXITÄT DER ANALYTISCHEN PSYCHOLOGIE Die Lehre C.G. Jungs, nämlich die Analytische – oder Komplexe – Psychologie ist heutzutage ein fest etabliertes und international weit verbreitetes Lehrgebiet, das über eine internationale Vereinigung (www.iaap.org) mit ca. 3000 Analytikern aus der ganzen Welt, 58 anerkannten Lehrinstituten wie auch Arbeitskreisen, Gruppen, Vereinigungen und Gesellschaften verfügt, die sich von C.G. Jungs Theorie und Praxis inspirieren lassen. Als Psychiater und klinischer Empiriker wie auch als Gründer einer psychoanalytischen Strömung, und also als Pionier der Tiefenpsychologie und auch als Kulturwissenschaftler und -kritiker, wirkte Jung in zahlreichen Bereichen. Nach Sonu Shamdasani „alongside a professional discipline of Jungian psychology and Institutes, Societies, Clubs, and Associations still bearing his name, there is a massive counterculture that hails him as a founding figure – and the impact of his work on mainstream twentieth-century Western culture has been far wider than has yet been recognized“.4 Dazu schreibt Christine Maillard: The intercultural openness of his work – contemporaneous with the great theories of modern ethnology, whose discoveries it took into account – determined Jung’s concepts as he sought to show the existence of links between all civilizations through study of their myths and images. Open to dialogue with the most varied disciplines – he participated regularly at the meetings of the Eranos circle from 1933 onwards – Jung was also one of the founders of transdisciplinary thought.5 Aufgrund seines langjährigen Studiums des Christentums, der Gnosis und der Alchemie (von Paracelsus bis zu Niklaus von Flüe und Gerhard Dorn), seiner Auseinandersetzung mit östlichem Gedankengut (vom Taoismus bis zum Hinduismus, Buddhismus, Tantrismus und Yoga), sowie seiner „Hypothese-These“ der Synchronizität, welche auf das esoterische Prinzip des unus mundus und der ‚correspondences‘ (Antoine Faivre) zwischen Mikro- und Makrokosmos bezieht, geht Jungs Werk weit über die Grenzen der wissenschaftlichen Psychologie und Schulmedizin hinaus: als Komplexe Psychologie, wie diese nach dem Bruch mit Freud gegründete Analytische Psychologie in den 1930er Jahren von ihm und seinen Schülern genannt wurde, fordert sie einen stetigen Dialog und eine kontinuierliche Auseinandersetzung mit anderen Disziplinen sowohl aus den Geistes- wie auch aus den Naturwissenschaften. In den Worten von C.A Meier:
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