PASSU AI

1914

Big Future

*V': •• DaKoi•.! ';!ate j. '15f« ,.>

F- 644 . P35S S36 1964 c. c Scholz, Martha. Our 50th year, 1914-1364

BISMARCK 58501

North Dakota We Library Bismarck, NO 58505

AUG 2 6 1974 WRUmmifMnaa

.,„.1,1111111111111111111 Ml 3 3105 00052 9873 NORTH DAKOTA BOOK OR AUTHOR

PARSHALL, NORTH DAKOTA

North Dakota State Library Bismarck.'ND 58501 ... 1 a r yn

=** r. 06/

Foreword

We, of the Historical Group wish to submit this statement as a means of showing our appreciation and thanks to everyone who supplied us with the necessary material to compile this booklet. The work was not easy. It entailed a mass of research on the part of many, for old pictures had to be located, old records had to be gone through, pioneers who have moved away had to be located and contacted personally, if possible, otherwise by letter. Many old records have been lost, thus accounting for items that should be in this book and are not. It was a type of work in which we all lacked experience so - please accept our most humble apologies for errors, misconceptions, omission, etc. We did our best! Thank you. The Historical Committee Martha Scholz, Chrm. Jennie Shubert Bertie Spitzer

— 3 — Parshall, North Dakota - one year old.

Winter street scene, 1916 - Parshall, North Dakota.

.'

_. 4 _ Dedication

We dedicate this book to those hardy,

determined pioneers who had the fortitude to blaze the trail to give of their ALL that their children and children's children might be spared like situations and circumstances.

— 5 GEORGE PARSHALL — 6 — Parshall

In. or about, the year of 1910, the northern portion of the Fort Berthold Reservation became a part of the public domain. Appraisal of the land had to be made. Mr. George Parshall was a member of the group who evaluated the land. Being the son of a surveyor who had surveyed for the government in years prior to this may have been one of the reasons why George Parshall was always intensely interested in work of this type. It became their custom to apply the name of a member to a probable townsite, so when this group came upon the townsite on the land described as SE'/» - Sec. 25, Twp. 152, Range 90, to it was given the name of Parshall. This city was established in the year of 1914 and the name, Parshall, was officially adopted. An excerpt taken from the address given by Jefferson B. Smith at the 1954 dedication of the monument commemorative to George Par- shall, in the City of Parshall, he says: He was a fine, calm, undaunted, appreciative man. He loved life. He valued the friendship of every­ one, helped many, hurt few. His devotion to his family was very no­ ticeable. He was sincere and dependable. He had a strong mind and a resolute will. He loved his country; he was an outstanding citizen. Noone ever met him and left without being impressed with his goodness.

7 — Building the railroad with horse power - 1916. Parshall Township — 1914-1964 Parshall Township was organized on November 2, 1915 by petition to the County Commissioners who approved said petition. A notice of election of officers was mailed to the sheriff for posting according to law. Said election to be held at 2 p.m. on November 20, 1915. George Jordet was appointed temporary clerk of the election and it was signed by H. P. Duggen, County Auditor. According to record, the election of November 20, 1915, was held in the Congregational Church in Parshall Township to elect the first Township Officers who were to serve until the regular election date of March 21, 1916. Oscar Qualley and Jacob Lauridson were appointed Judges of Election. Elected to the Township Board as the first officials were: H. Damschen, D. C. Darringon, Axel Nelson as supervisors. George Jordet as clerk, M. E. Monson as treasurer. Ole Christianson as assessor. N. N. Aune, Ted Johnson, Justices of the Peace, Bernhard Maurer, Constable, F. F. Stanek, Poundmaster, F. F. Heuer, Road Overseer. These were the first elected men to run the business of Parshall Township. The township consisted of Indian Reservation land and 9 sections of land on the north side called "The Strip", that was homesteaded in 1906. Those early people had to walk or drive to Berthold to the nearest railroad station. The first Annual Meeting was held on March 21, 1916, and the following men were elected: N. N. Aune, D. C. Darrington and Hans P. Larson, Supervisors. George Jordet, Clerk, M. E. Monson, Treasurer. M. G. Evans, Assessor, L. E. Berntson, Justice of the Peace, Bernhard Mauer, Con­ stable. Also elected at that time were : L. E. Berntson, J. J. Balotis, John Havlis, Alf Hjelle, Commissioners of Conciliation. The newly elected Township Board began to organize a road district and began to improve bad spots on road lines. It was a four road district in the township. The township bought a school building for their township hall and it is still in use today; some over 55 years old. It had been used as a schoolhouse on "The Strip" north of Parshall. Time passed by. People got settled on this new reservation land, roads were improved, and the village of Parshall grew to be a good sized town. In Parshall township in the late 20's we had 118 voters, quite a contrast to 45 at this writing! It is also interesting to know the wages paid for labor. Records show $3.00 per day for man and team for 10 hours of work per day. Official pay for elected men was $3.00 per meeting. A list of those who held township offices for a long time were : George Jordet, clerk for 40 years, also assessor for many terms. He also held a secretary's job in the Co-op Elevator, the Farmers Telephone Co., and Farmers Union Local. M. E. Monson, Treasurer, Carl Melin, Hans P. — 9 — A. A. McNutt's "Slow but Sure" dependable power near Parshall about 1915.

Breaking virgin sod. First steam outfit in Parshall area owned by Tony Fiella.

— 10 — Larsen, John Hermundstad, John Havlis, William Bonsall, Supervisors; L. C. Berntson, Assessor and Treasurer, Also R. E. Runquist, Chris Clem- enson became a member of the Township Board in the late 30's and is supervisor at this meeting. John Hermundson served as Clerk until 1962. During the 50 years existence of Parshall Township, much has taken place. We have good roads, telephone service and electric power around the clock. A modern school costing over $1,000,000,00. The Parshall Township has more good roads than any other township around Parshall City. We should not forget to mention the ten dry years that we lived through in the 30's. As one year became worse than the other one would frequently hear that this land should be turned back to the Indians. Indeed, it was a long period of suffering. Many people did leave this part of the Parshall Territory never to return. Almost all of the people had some government surplus rations. PWA and some surplus commodities were divided among the people by county committees. We had to get seed, feed, oil and gas at loan from the government to seed the land, and by the end of the dry period we owed the government may thousands of dollars. Then, the rains began to come in the 1940's and this cursed land started to produce crops. Prices came up and the poor years were soon forgotten. We have had lean crop years after that, too, but improved farming methods have helped to raise crops with less rain. The present supervisors that have served many terms are: Oscar Skogen, Chris Clemenson, Ralph Bartelson with Raymond Hovda as the Treasurer. Those old timers still living on their farms are: Mr. and Mrs. Fred Maurer, Mr. and Mrs. Chris Clemenson, John Hanzal, Sr., John Hermund­ stad and August Haas. How will things look and be in another fifty years? The east half of Parshall Township and the Village of Parshall were organized as Parshall Common School District No. 3, September 7, 1915. First chairman was David Larin. The directors were : Hermann Damschen, N. O. Sanden, clerk; E. B. Kjelstrup, Treasurer; A. O. Fuglie. The west half of Parshall Township organized Division School District No. 20. Their first officials were; Directors, Chris Clemenson, John Ahlgren, Martin Blank. Treasurer was Carl Melin and the Clerk was Charlie Carmody. It is now a part of Parshall School District. In this 5^ years this school has grown from a few teachers to 28 who are now on the pay roll. I think it is a fine, remarkable accomp­ lishment. The foregoing is a few remarks of Parshall History in the 50 years of it's existence. —John Hermundstad. — 11 — This Is A List Of The Homesteaders In Parshall Township As Of 1917

Sec. 1 Stina Hovdestad Sec. 13 Martin Evans Sec. 26 Alfred Iverson Carl Monson Syver Hoff Olive Warren John P. Holmen August Haas Olaf Faro Edwin Monson Hans Larson Sec. 2 R. D. Ward Sec. 14 Bernt Berntson Sec. 27 Oscar Olson Charlie C Peterson David Darrington Julius Risan George Jordet John Geving Henry Olson Ben Monson David Bartelson James Higgins

See. 3 W. M. Richmond Sec. 15 Martin Monson Sec. 28 Jane Smith Ole Christianson Carl Monson Clarence Christen Mrs. Stina Wick Angel Hjelle Charles Lavean Bank of Minot Magnus Paulson John Loock

Sec. 4 Christian Ruud Sec. 17 Channey Morris Sec, 29 Chas. Hornaday Andrew Skolaas Ed. Milligan Oscar Qually John P. Mealne Chris Clemenson William Bonsell Sec. 5 Henry Bartelson Sec. 18 Violet Detienne Sec. 30 Oscar Swenson Jessel A. Malcom Moses Detienne Martin Blank John H. Anderson Reservoir Site 3 David Schroeder Elvena Theis

lee. 6 J. P. Bolster Sec. 19 Sena Baker Sec. 31 Joy Kline Emil Nelson Ida Krogan Nettie Blank Victor Bolster Adolph Evenson Aneil Blevens J. N. Reishus Chas. Milland Paul LaCrosse Sec. 7 R. T. Ward Sec. 20 Axel Nelson Sec. 32 Emma Berevick Lee N. Arne Martin Blank Signe Lundgren Victor Donet Axel Nelson Joseph Lauridson Christine Oually Gust Warner Walter Kurschinski Ted Johnson

Sec 8 Jas. R. Seimons Sec. 21 Arvid Bodin Sec. 33 John Loock Charlie L. Seimons F. W. Propp Ole Knutson Reservoir Site 3 John P. Ahlgren Peter Heuer E. W. Peterson Hermann Heuer

Sec 9 Missouri Land Co Sec. 22 Frank Stanek Sec. 34 John Trana Shaffer Bossum Anna Bjornoos Knute Bolstad Oscar D. Evanson Pensrud Smith August Johnson Edwin Hackept Helmar Hanson Evina Theis Sec. 10 Johanna Hoove Sec. 23 Nicholas Theis Sec. 35 Sven Bolstad Herman Damschen Ada Theis Knute Bolstad John Havlis Olie Boyer Alito Aune Julius Halvorson Adolph Elberg See. 11 Magda Monson Sec. 24 John Rooney Rudolph Monson Nick Nelson Fritz F. Heuer Colbin Uhre John Hanzal Sec. 25 Lizzie Beklen Sec. 12 Christine Reita Dave Larin .John Hermundstad George P. Couch Emerick Harworth Parshall City

12 — Parshall — 1914-1964

The passing of fifty years has brought about many changes in the appearance ol Parshall. Those who can look back to the beginnings of "Progressive Parshall" can remember that Main Street apparently was going to be where State Highway 37 now is located on the east side of our present town. Now a big grain storage building, a trailer court, blacksmith shot), and some residences greet the eye. Fifty years ago at least two general stores, a telephone office, and other frontier buildings were scattered somewhat heller-skelter over the prairie at. that location. It was not until railroad officials decided on the present site that lots were bought and some of the temporary structures were moved to the present locations and many more were built.

The creek was, of course, where it now wends its way, but no golf courses, baseball diamond, football gridiron, cr Hankins Airport had even been planned. Coming over the hills from the north or west, or driving over the more level area to the east or south, the vast expanse of prairie was not obstructed by the growth of trees. This lack of trees is probably the most noticeable feature ol pictures taken in those early days. It seemed then that a boundless amount of attention and coaxing was necessary to persuade even the most hardy types of shrubs and trees to take root and grow. In these later years people have seen almost myriad little seedlings springing up in gardens and yards. Some early planned projects have paid off in the boulevards and walks shaded by fine tall trees. They also afford a comforting obstruction to the eyes as one looks over the town. People who saw Pcrshall only in. her infant years find it hard to believe they are again visiting the same town when they see folks sitting in the shade of lovely shade trees. These trees had not been thought about or planted in those early days.

The rutted, grass-overgrown streets of yesteryear have given away to cement walks, curb and gutter and hard-surfaced streets.

The local pump has been cast aside in favor of a city water system. First the water tower and tank were put in and finally the big water reservoir on the north lull a mile from town.

Welfare of the youth of the city has long been a prime concern of Parshallites. There are those who would remember the playground at the north end of Main Street. It was located about where the Farmers Union Oil station now stands. A women's Club of an early era rose to the need, raised money, bought equipment and mothers took turns supervising the - 13 — •^•••••••••••••••MHHBH An average business day in the first years of Parshall's existence.

One of many early street scenes at Parshall, North Dakota. playground. Some of the present business men played there as children. This was the forerunner of the present well-organized summer recreation program.

Seeing the walls of the old school house come tumbling down at the hands of the wrecker clutches at the heart of many an old timer and even recent school grduates. This is, however, the price of progress. The old must give way to the new, and can anyone lament the passing of the outmoded school structure after seeing and inspecting the two new modern and beautifully functional school buildings? The elementary school is located on the north side of the old school property. The well- planned and constructed E. R. Hilde High School graces the hill at the north end of Main Street.

Watching the youngsters and adults of all ages enjoying the new pool many an old times harks back to the "Ole Swimmin' Hole" and later the pool provided by damming the creek In this big pond of water grate­ fully frolicked folks of all ages during the "Dirty Thirties" and the de­ pression years. The most disappointing condition about this place was that it became too stale for use during the heat of the summer when it was needed most.

A few people in Parshall still remember the first telephone exchange in the shack at the first town site. That central board was moved to the present town and for nearly forty years furnished Parshall's link with the outside world as well as the immediate neighborhood. The old "Hello" box on the wall served its purpose valiantly only to be replaced by the amazingly efficient, compact models that people now merely take for granted. It is only routine for a call originating in Parshall to connect with someone living anyplace in the world.

Progress has ever been the watchword for people of Parshall and community. To have been a part of it and to have watched this progress afford keen satisfactions to all past and present residents. Perhaps the younger generations need to be reminded that it was not always thus. These things have come because of the vision and constant struggle of people who care. Where once only rutted prairie trails stretched, hard- surfaced all-weather highways beckon travelers to far away places in the luxury of comfortable, dependable automobiles. Garrison Dam has backed up water so that fishing and water recreation are now available to all who desire such sport. In fact, this wonderful community seems much like a grand dream which has come true during the passing of the fifty years, 1914-1964. Iris Kline.

— 15 — We hereby dedicate this page of this book to our own Mr. and Mrs. D. E. Richardson who have earned much credit as true pioneers. Were it not for such foresight, stamina and endurance, our first merchant of Parshall, who it still in business today, would not have been able to withstand the privations of life in the early years and still greet us with a smile and morning greeting.

16 Mr. and Mrs. D. E. Richardson

Mr. and Mrs. D. E. Richardson and their little daughter came from Winnebago, Minnesota to North Dakota in 1911. After working in hardware stores in Dickinson, and later Plaza, they filed for a homestead, and settled on a quarter-section of land, halfway between Plaza, and what is now, Parshall. During the fourteen months on the land, Mr. Richardson built many of the claim homes of his neighbors, as he was a carpenter and tin-smith by trade. There were no roads, only trails, and travel was by horseback or horse and buggy. Many nights, he found his way home by the light from a kerosene lamp placed in a window. One thrilling event was the prairie fire that threatened to destroy his house and barn, but luckily the fire-fighters subdued it, with water-soaked gunny sacks. In May of 1914, the Richardsons bought the Baker Trading Post, a general store located just southeast of what is now Parshall. The up­ stairs of the store served as a hotel when necessary, and when the telephone line was first put in, the store served as it's first central office. Since there was no railroad west of Plaza, all merchandise had to be hauled from Plaza to Parshall by horse and wagon. Mrs. Richardson, who was hauling goods home one day, had a terrifying experience when a wolf took after her. With a whip as her only weapon, she raced the horses at breakneck speed over the prairie trail, and arrived home safely, just as darkness fell. That fall the new townsite, to be called Parshall, was laid out, and the scattered businesses moved onto the town lots. Mr. Richardson was the first to move his building on Main Street. Parshall was a typical Boom Town, with almost every kind of business being represented in a very short time. A couple years later, Mr. Richardson built a new addition to the north of his building, thus making a fifty foot front. The north half was hardware and dry goods, and the south half, groceries. There was a wide opening joining the buildings on the inside, and two entrances from the street. Working hours were long, from seven in the morning until eleven or twelve at night. Sunday was the only day off. One of the problems facing the merchants was the fact that very few Indians spoke English, so sign language was used. The Indians had little money, but brought in fence posts and traded them for goods.

- 17 — Since the farmers needed the posts . for fencing, many fence posts were traded. However, trying to figure out what the Indian wanted in ex­ change sometimes became a difficult problem. To fully appreciate the condition, try to get "rice", for instance, from your grocer using sign language only! Stores looked very different those days, as most things came in bulk. There was the old sauerkraut barrel, the cranberry barrel, the pickle barrel, the old coffee grinder, for the bulk coffee, and let us not forget, the old "pot belly" store around which the men sat and talked over the issues of the day. There were exciting days, such as: the eventful day when the train first lay her tracks into our town, the Indian pow-wows, the Fourth- of July celebrations (with fire crackers and picnics), and just going for a bumpy ride in the new Overland or the Model T. Parshall was also battered and bruised a few times, too, like the fires that almost took the full block on Main Street, the tornado that ripped away buildings, the elevator fires, and the terribly beautiful, terrifying fire that blew up the gasoline tanks in the bulk station. But as Parshall kept growing, business places came and went. Mr. Richard­ son sold the original building, and it is now the Niche Cafe and ex­ tended the new building as you see it today. Hitching posts have long since been taken out, sidewalks have re­ placed board-walks, a new modern front has been added, and many changes mark the passing years, but Mr. Richardson still serves the community, as he has in the past half century. In 1958, Mr. and Mrs. Richardson observed their 50th Wedding Anniversary. In May 1964 they will have observed their fiftieth year in business. Although Mr. Richardson is known mainly as a merchant, he likewise continued farming, sometimes extensively, and finally sold his last quarter section in 1960. Thus, he spent 47 years farming. The Richardsons have a son-in-law and daughter residing here in Parshall, Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Okeson, and a grandson and wife, Dr. and Mrs. Gyman Okeson living at Fargo, N. D., and one great grand­ son, Steven.

18 — CONGRATULATIONS PARSHALL On Your Golden Anniversary

From The MAKOTI COMMERCIAL CLUB

LARSON IMPLEMENT CO. MAKOTI ELECTRIC MAKOTI DRUG MAKOTI CAFE MAKOTI RECREATION SMITH HARDWARE MAKOTI LUMBER CO. SMITH GROCERY PETERSEN INSURANCE AGENCY LIFFRIG TAVERN SHAMROCK TAVERN RENSCII GARAGE MARKS STORE MAKOTI FARMERS ELEVATOR CO. MAKOTI GRAIN CO. KLEMENHAGEN BARBER SHOP RENSCH MANUFACTURING CO. LARSON TV REPAIR DOBRINSKI FLYING SERVICE BLOWERS STANDARD BULK PETRICK TV REPAIR STATION, PEOPLES STATE BANK

May We Wish You Many More Birthdays

19 —

North Dakota State Llkraly Bismarck, ND 56501 "Our Town" Some 50 years ago, dear friends This land was wild and free. The buffalo grass and rolling hills Was all the eye could see. It was the home of Indian Till the whiteman staked his claim, And built his little homestead shack With fortune as his aim. But hearts were young and men were brave. They put their trust in God. And built the many miles of fence And tilled the Virgin Sod! Then, across the rolling prairie, Came the mighty iron steed To bring us news from our old homes, And all our wants and needs. Along the miles of railroad, Smali towns bJgan to grow, To name each town was one big job, Is as the story goes. Once again it was the Indian With some city dads and marshall That put this place upon the map— And called this new town - Parshall! That first year the red man came, With wagon, team and tepee, To help us celebrate the Fourth And make a little whoopee! And so it was that streets were laid, And many lots were sold, To maidens fair, with light brown hair. And bachelors brave and bold. There came a strong Norwegian. Carl Westermark, by name. Who built a mighty blacksmith shop For help, the farmers came. It was later sold to Shubert. For a light plant in "Our Town" The lights were served so faithfully. As we heard those engines pound.

20 Then, to the south of Sanden's Store, There stood a hitching rail Where weary travelers tied their mounts In from the dusty trail. As the need for a Meeting House Pete Krogan built a hall. We held our Christmas programs there, And young people had their "ball". So, to "Our Town" came many men, And some from every creed That's how our churches all were built To fill man's Holy need. A man that's lived here fifty years Who never had a son To run his department store Is, D. E. Richardson, It was the year of Seventeen That fire hit our town It took a lot of landmarks And laid them to the ground. But, men were brave, and hearts were strong They clung to one another They started to rebuild "Our Town" As each man was a brother. So now we have a Clinic, Big Super Market Stores A park to have our picnics,. How could we ask for more? We have a big Memorial Hall We're proud of our new school. And at the end of the day, to dip and play, In our new Swimming Pool. And last, but surely not the least They chose "Our Town" the place To put those mighty missiles down That guard the human race. And so, the bent and aged man That o'er ihis earth has roamed Has come back here to Parshall And called "uur Town" his home! — Ida Stavros

21 FROM THE PIONEER DAYS IN PARSHALL 1912 By John Iverson When I first saw the townsite of Parshall, North Dakota, it was on a hot day in July in 1912. My wife and I, and two children, Mabel and Carl, and a few in-laws and neighbors, were on our way home from Shell Village where we had been picnicking for a couple of days. At that time we lived on our homestead about six miles northwest of Plaza. We came to Shell Creek about south of where the Soo Line Depot now stands and upon crossing the creek and going on due north for a way we came upon a mass of survey stakes, so knew immediately that we were on the Parshall Townsite. I immediately felt that this was the place where I was going to set up my General Merchandise Store so started at once to lay my plans. I rented my farm and bought lumber for a building which I in­ tended to set up on my lot which I owned in the village of Plaza. My plans were to build it there nearer to my home and move it on the snow to Parshall in the spring. So, after having an auction sale of my stock and machinery at the farm the following spring, I moved to Parshall. I had kept a team of horses to use for freight hauling and several head of cattle which I intended to butcher and sell to the Indians as the need arose. I hired a carpenter to help me put living quarters in to shape, to build shelves and counters in my store, and to erect a small stable for my livestock. Settlers were moving in and we were fast making the acquaintance of some wonderful people. Many buildings were going up. Parshall was definitely on the move. In June, 1914 we had our first Primary Election on Parshall Town- site. I recall receiving the election supplies from Stanley and being told to act as inspector and go ahead with setting up the necessary election board. That election was held in my store and there were about a dozen voters. We had a lot of trouble getting those votes and supplies back to Stanley for by the next morning it was raining and it continued to do so for several days. With the poor road conditions in those days making auto transporation impossible, I finally had to hire a man with a team and buggy to take me to Stanley. We got there on Saturday ^nd I think I was the last man to get my supplies returned to the Court House. We stayed over night and it took all next day to return home. I had several interesting experiences with Indians due to the fact that neither of us could understand each other, but, in the course of time we all became very good friends. In 1914 we had our lot sale and there were difficulties with that which required much thought and good management. After all, we were on Indian land and if it hadn't been for the good foresight of David Larin, who was serving as U. S. Land Commissioner at the time, I think there might have been some trouble over a few deals. Mr. E. W. Jermarck was Elbowoods Agency Superintendent at the time and he made several trips up here to straighten things out. I dug the first well in Parshall about ten rods from my score and

— 22 — Iverson's Pioneer Store — Parshall 1913

j^gjj 1 WMWM •• . 4»

j '• ii 1' 1 r^ • 1 1 1 "jf^lRPISpK B**i? wA if-kjfc ' IIBJS&J a: .... .<— mmm L•"»*'• IN r • • * ' • 4 ** ^ . * ! ' ^I ' • t . '< < - *w 1 JO H v ">nSi. M * w •**" r :••' BJlfU.llG NORTH .<• L OF PL*S*; #. o. \ • 1 A 12-Bottom Outfit at Work in the Parshall Area. John Holman in the Buggy

NEWS TAKEN FROM THE PARSHALL PIONEER LEADER . . . January 1, 1915 — Bishop Wherle of Bismarck was here last Sunday and held services for the benefit of the local Catholics. He advised the building of a church, promising a substantial sum toward the edifice next fall. A pledge has already been made by those present for sufficient funds to erect a basement with work on the church proper to commence by the first of May.

23 — when we got down about eight feet we struck a spring. There we got the best spring water in the country and for many years that spring was in use until just a few years ago. After the railroad came in the fall of 1914 we all moved up on Main Street and then the town boom was really on. Elevators went up, and several new businesses. The town had their first Fourth of July celebration the following year and we did celebrate. All of us! The Indians were given a beef which they barbequed and everyone had one grand time. We operated our business in Parshall for several years but found it necessary to move because of the health of our youngest son, Julian, who had developed hay fever, which necessitated our moving to a differ­ ent climate. So, 1920, was our last year in Parshall. We left many good friends and neighbors and I still think Parshall is a very wonderful little city.

JULIUS RISAN FAMILY 1912 Julius Risan left his home in Frosta, Norway, about the age of 17 and •came to the U. S. where he settled in Iowa. Later, he moved to Minneapolis "where he worked for the railroad at the roundhouse. Gurina Rolseth came from Trondhjeim at the age of 16 to make her home in Minneapolis with her brother Gunder. They met in Minneapolis and were married in 1907. John and Oscar were born in Minneapolis and the family then moved to a farm near Grafton, N. D., where Gladys was born. Julius left the family there while he came to the Parshall vicinity to file on a homestead claim in the fall of 1912. The family joined him in the spring of 1913. Their first home was a tar paper shack located about 100 rods south of the house now occupied by the Clayton Hovda's There was a sod barn which housed the two head of livestock, one horse, and one cow. Fifteen acres of the virgin prairie was broken by steamer the first year. Five more children were born to this union making 8 in all. Six boys and two girls. The frame house built in 1916 still stands on the farmstead. At one time the farming operation consisted of 5 quarters of land, a fair sized dairy herd which supplied milk to the village people of Parshall. The milk was delivered in a 1914 Model T Ford touring car, which was also used part time for a school bus. In 1910 children attended school in the Congregational Church basement. Con­ struction was begun on the Parshall school and in 1917 it was ready for use. With preseverance and much hard labor families on the prairie had a comfortable living during these years. In the 30's however, everyone suffered from the drouth, hard winters, grasshoppers and the depression. Many lost their farms and left the community. Others managed to hang on till better times. In 1928 the Risan family suffered the loss of the mother. Anna, the baby of the family was just five at the time. In 1934 Julius was married to Ann Swenson and one child. Jeannette was bcrn to this union. Names, addresses, and occupation of the Risan children are as follows: John at Parshall, Farmers Union Oil Co.; Oscar, Seattle, Auto- caster and camber mechanic; Gladys, Mrs. Leon Constantine, Seattle;

— 24 - Dr. and Mrs. Robert Blatherwick And Family

PARSHALL, NORTH DAKOTA

Congratulations Parshall

On Your 50th Anniversary

OSBORNE MCMILLAN ELEV. CO. Your Neighbor Since 1887 EMIL ROGSTAD, Mgr.

— 25 George, Parshall, Farmer; Martin, died in 1960 while in Seattle; Alvin, lost his life in service of his country during World War 2. In 1942 he was on the U.S.S. Quincey off the coast of Qualacanal when it was torpedoed and went down with his ship. Orval, recently moved to Walla Walla, Wash., after living in Seattle for many years, Supt. of a Freight Line Depot; Anna, Mrs. C. C. Wood, Jr., Alameda, Calif.; Jeannette, Mrs. John Rovig, Seattle. Julius jassed away in Seattle in 1952. Mrs. Ann Swenson Risan passed away in Seattle in 1961.

JOY H. KLINE 1912 Joy H. Kline filed on a claim October 1912 about half way between where Parshall and Van Hook were to be located two years later. His closest neighbors were to be Walter Kurschinski, Paul LaCross, William Bonsai, Pat Jones and Charles Hornaday. He continued to farm his homestead until 1918 when he went to Kongsberg to manage an I. L. Berge grain elevator. The house Joy had built on his farm was moved into Parshall a number of years ago and is the residence of Mrs. Sofus Estvold. The Berge Elevator changed hands twice while Joy was manager, but he continued to manage it through these changes of ownership. In 1933 Joy changed over to working for the Parshall Farmers Union Coop Elevator and with only a brief move to Rugby in 1936-'37 he continued as an employee of this company until his final retire­ ment in January 1961. Joy Kline and Iris Hanlon were married June 17, 1921. Three sons and a daughter were born to them. James who now farms southwest of Parshall spent six years in the United States Navy before settling on the farm. He married Arline Hilltren. They have one daughter, Sharon, who is now Mrs. Clayton Hoffman, and she has a little daugh­ ter, Vonee Sue. Clayton and Sharon are students at North Dakota State University at Fargo. Arline (Sis) is bookkeeper at the Farmer's Union Elevator. Parry Kline, the second son, spent three years after high school graduation in service in the United States Navy. After his return from service in the South Pacific while a student at Minot Statp college Parry met and married LaVonne Dickey of Minot. Parry coached athletics at Medicine Lake, Montana for six years before moving to Oregon. He is now in administration in the Days Creek School Dis­ trict, Canyonville, Oregon. Parry and LaVonne are the parents of five children: LaJeanne, Renee, Valerie, John and Pamela. Joyce attended Jamestown College for two years before meeting and marrying Bernard Keogh. Bernard is a professional Air Force Major, who has had assignments in many parts of the world, where they have made their home. They have one son, Patrick. At present they live in Charleston, South Carolina, but plan to make their permanent home in Boulder, Colorado, quite soon. Hugh Kline, too, is a professional service man, being a sergeant in

— 26 — A Breaking Outfit on the Move South of Parshall in 1914

**"^*hr " * *"**

Turning the Virgin Sod Near Parshall in 1914 - 27 — the United States Army. He has had numerous tours of foreign duty but at present lives in Parkland, Washington, a suburb of Tacoma. Hugh is on duty in Communications at Fort Lewis. Hughs' wife was the former Sonja Eide of Ryder. They have two children, Brian and Lorna. Iris Kline has continued her school teaching activities and has now completed twenty-eight years — nearly all in Mountrail and Ward County high schools. She is at present teaching at Parshall High.

JOHN GEVING 1912 I, John Geving, came to Parshall in the fall of 1912 to home­ stead 2M> miles north of Parshall. At that time there was no Parshall— only the name, but it was not long before things started to move. The first one that started a store was John Iverson from Plaza. The next one was Richardson, and the next was Sanden and so on down the line. Inside of two years we had the railroad. I sold my home­ stead to my brother Henry and I moved to Parshall and started to work for the Brye-Ellingson Lumber Company. I was there for 13 years. After that I began working as a janitor at the Parshall School and was there for about two years. Then World War II started so I left for the shipyard at Portland Oregon, and worked there for 3 years. When the war was over I came back and worked as a carpenter for about 3 years. In 1948 I moved to Minnesota on Lake Kabekona where I have my home. I like it here and have lots of fun out of life, fishing and hunting. My home is 5 miles from Laparte, Minnesota, and the mail route goes right by my door so I can't ask for anything better.

LAWRENCE MADSONS' 1913 Lawrence Madsen arrived in Parshall in 1913 and he filed on a homestead in Banner Township. This homestead is now owned by Thomas Elton. Lawrence enlisted and served in the army from 1917 till 1919 with 11 months of this time being served over seas. (World War I). After his return he was employed in the Hardware and Implement business in Parshall. Mrs. Madsen (Grace Funk) came to Parshall in 1915, with her father, the late J. 0. Funk, who was then, grain buyer for Minnekota Elevator Company. Grace has many years of experience as a clerk to her credit. Her 25 years of experience as clerk and assistant Postmaster at Par- shall is an outstanding commendable record. She also, has had experience working in the Depot and the Telephone Office. Grace and Lawrence were married in 1922. They have one daugh­ ter, Mrs. Ken Jones (Audrey). There are two grandchildren, Larry and Vicki. All are residing in Parshall. Lawrence passed away in 1952.

— 28 — One of two of the first customers of the newly organized People's State Bank of Parshall. Taken in 1914. Edgar Kjelstrup as cashier and E. B. Baker making the deposit.

One of the first buildings on the Parshall Townsite built by Miller Brothers for Locater's Office

God grant me the serenity to accept things I cannot change, Cour­ age to change things I can, and wisdom to know the difference. — 29 — CASPER C. TANGEDAHLS' 1913 Casper (Cap) C. Tangedahl came to this area in 1913. He had been a railroad worker at Cutbank, Montana, where he met with an untimely accident which cost him one arm, and in searching for work of a different type in which his handicap would not hinder, he came to Parshall. The family had resided in Ryder for a short time prior to locating in this new venture here. Mr. Tangedahl built and operated the Elgin House in the early days until the hotel was destroyed by fire in 1916. A pool hall was operated by "Cap" in connection with this restaurant. Mr. Tangedahl and Karen Rasmussen were married in Minneapolis on January 1, 1900. Eight children were born to the Tangedahl's, namely: Ruby, Adelaide, Kenneth, Raymond, Dorothy, Carl Lester and and Vivian. Lester and Vivian were both born here in Parshall. In later years both Mr. and Mrs. Tangedahl made their home on the West Coast and Mr. Tangedahl passed away there on December 12, 1960. Mrs. Tangedahl came back to Parshall and spent her re­ maining years with her daughter, Adelaide (Mrs. William McGarvey) where she passed away on May 4, 1963. Kenneth did some good reminiscing when he wrote the following concerning his recollections of boyhood days in Parshall: My First Trip To Parshall "My dad and I drove to Parshall from Ryder in a horse and buggy and I recall that the trip took us just about all day. There were only about four or five buildings in town. My dad's restaurant and pool hall, John Iverson's Store which was the building used for a telephone office for many years and which now stands back of the present Parshall Gas Co. Richardson's Store which was the old Baker Store, the first store in Parshall which Earl Richardson had just taken over. (In later years this was called "The Niche Cafe") Ed Kjelstrup's Bank building which when moved to the new townsite became B. E. Crippen's Law Office. Then there was the telephone office which was in the Tom A. Davis home in what was lated caller the Davis Pasture. Dave Larin's house (the old Landaker house, west of the school) — (now the Charles Phinney home) — which housed the first post office. These buildings were all located in a cluster just across the road from the Davis home, about where the Ivol Bartelsons' house is now located on the east side of town. Richardson's Store was in the next quarter section south which is about where Harlan Bolkan's home now stands." Ken stayed in this area about a week when he began to get so homesick that something had to be done about it, so Ed Kjelstrup and Miss Clara Berg took him to Plaza to catch the train back to his family at Ryder. The train ride was a memorable one for Ken never forgot Ed's Model T Ford. The nearer the train got to Ryder the better he felt so that by the time that the train landed him in Ryder he was completely well again. In the early days business came from the mule-skinners on the

— 30 — Congratulations

P ar shall

ON YOUR 50th Anniversary

Grand Theatre

Phone UN 2-4100

Parshall, North Dakota "Okie" and Nora Okeson

— 31 railroad and people traveling through looking for homesteads to file on. There were practically no roads, a few Indian trails cutting across the land with no fences to block them. Coyotes howled at night and prairie fires loomed up in the west, presumably in Montana, making a red glow across the western sky. To a young lad this was all exciting and a real adventure. I Remember When: "That disastious fire of 1916 was really something! One of the business places that burned down was the bowling alley that was owned by a fellow named Laveen. The bucket brigade, the dynamite that was thrown promiscuously into buildings to break them down so it wouldn't spread and which only made matters worse. The tractor that was used to pull the buildings down to control the flames and the hopeless­ ness of all the efforts. This fire proved to be a real dilemma in our case as we lost everything dad had worked for, in that fire and he never again got over it. I recall how Roy Sund worked to help anywhere that he could assisting everywhere possible." "Old Dad Cane used to be the printer helping Old Man Rodgers on the Plainsman and he was the backbone of many editorials and news items in the Plainsman. Being that he was a little, witty, old, Irishman, he was able to provide us with plenty of laughs every now and then. He helped me with those sketches that I used to put in the paper called, "Who's Who in Parshall". That was a job to get those things ready. They had to be just the right size for one column width which was 1% inches. I would get a piece of shoe leather and nail it onto a block of wood to fit into the type section, I would pinpoint the sketch from the paper to the leather; then cut out the lines in the leather with a knife. Some of them were only silhouetted. I never could see how any of them came out to be a likeness of anyone for it surely was a crude way of making an etching. The job did create consider­ able interest in the paper but had to be discontinued for it was taking too much time to create them. As I recall, I made profiles of A. A. Aune, E, M. Hovey, Dr. Carter and another fellow with a wooden leg whose name I can't recall anymore (Charlie Pierce). These men used to play cards in Barth's Pool Hall and I used to sit in Curley Tomper's Barber Shop and sketch them as they were concentrating on their gin rummy hands. This system got me a good "sitting" for a portrait. They didn't move and it was a cinch to copy their features."

January 13, 1915 — Lots for Sale: I have eight lots for sale in what I consider will be the best residence part of town. Two corner lots at $100.00 each, $30.00 down, and three years with interest or taxes in which to pay the balance; $75.00 each for six inside lots. $20.00 down and same length of time terms. These are what I consider the best residence lots in town. David Larin, Parshall Leader.

— 32 — FRED II. HANKINS' 1914 First lumber dealer in Parshall, North Dakota and veteran insurance agent for New York Life Insurance Company. Mr. Hankins was born in Illinois and came to North Dakota in 1904. Prior to 1913 he was attending coll­ ege and then was engaged in edu­ cational work in the eastern part of the state. In the summer of 1913, he came to Plaza and bought a relinquish­ ment and while proving it up he worked for Bovey-Shutc Lumber Co. in Plaza. In July 1914, when the Soo Line extended it's line west to the Miss­ ouri River, he came to the future site of Parshall and established the first lumber yard on the Tom Davis Homestead just across the present Highway No. 8 adjoining the townsite (the present Rakstad Blacksmith Shop site) Lots were sold by the govern­ ment November 2, 1914, and Mr. Hankins bought the present site of the Great Plains Lumber Company for Bovey-Shute, and the same day he broke ground for the permanent heme of the business. In 1918, he severed his connections with the lumber company and entered the hardware business with his brother, S. T. Hankins. When S. T. sold his business to Jay Brower, Fred continued in business with Brower until 1925 when he signed a contract with the New York Life Insurance Company and he still represents them in this territory. Fred was married to the former Emma Eckes of Lidgerwood, North Dakota on June 24, 1916, They had three children, a daughter and two sons. The daughter, Helen Jean and her husband Wade Wil­ liamson, own and operate the Williamson Funeral Homes in Parshall and New Town. Their eldest son, Lt .Frederick Jr., a night fighter pilot in the U. S. Navy in World War II, lost his life in the service of his country on December 14, 1944. Their youngest son, Dr. Robert E. Hankins is a physician and surgeon located at Mott, North Da­ kota. Mr. and Mrs. Hankins have seven grandchildren. The Hankins family moved to Lidgerwood, North Dakota, in 1930, and while there Fred and his daughter established the Hankins Funeral Home, which was brought to Parshall in 1941. In 1954 Wade and Helen Williamson bought Fred's interests in the business. Mr. Hankins has been a consistent booster for the city of Parshall since it's beginning. He has identified himself with all movements for the betterment of the city and community, having served on the City

— 33 — Congratulations Parshall

On Your Fiftieth Anniversary

A & J HOTEL

ALICE & JESSE TORGERSON

Parshall, North Dakota

Congratulations to Parshall

50th Anniversary

SCHROEDER MOTOR COMPANY

UNion 2-6475 Parshall, N. Dak.

CHEVROLET — BUICK — MASSEY FERGUSON

34 — Council, the School Board, for twelve years, and the Fire Department. He was one of the organizers of the Civic Association and served as it's first secretary. He has been active in all projects such as better roads, the Community Hall, swimming pool and golf course. He is past presi­ dent of the Lions Club at Lidgerwood and holds a life membership in the Fire Department there. He has always been interested in every kind of sport, espcially basketball, football, baseball, golf and track. Many in this community can vouch for his activities in the early years of this area.

W. T. KENADYS' 1914 Greetings to all as you approach the golden anniversary of your fair city. It is, indeed, a great pleasure to me that I was privileged to have been one of the charter citizens of Parshall. I cannot claim to have rendered any very substantial service to the town's early growth and progress. However, I was there, and the town and it's good people did a lot for me and my family during our residence there from 1914 to 1925. It left us a living heritage and a very fond remembrance of many friendships which still hold fast and grow fonder with the con­ tinuation of time. Having passed the octogenarian milepost of life, these memories woven into my heart are real treasures. The older citizens will remember me as your depot agent. I was a little cranky at times, no doubt, but I am sure that you have forgiven and forgotten that long ago and now share with me only the happy events of that day. Like so many others, I was drawn to the community there through the good graces of our government — the homestead drawing of the summer of 1912. We came, for better or worse, from all walks of life, from every county of the state, and most every state of the union, representing the cream of the nation. We knew when we decided to give up our homes elsewhere to establish new ones upon that virgin soil that it would not be easy, that we would face many hardships and privations along the way, but we were made of good stuff. It had to be good, or else! But, everyone was everyone else's friend, just one great family of good neighbors. We worked and built together, dug the stone and turned the sod. It was this solid pioneer stock that blended itself into Parshall's early beginning. Many of the business men were themselves, home­ steaders, coming out of this vast melting-pot of God's finest people. Naturally, the young town got off to a good start under the wisdom and guidance of these noble God-fearing sons and daughters. The town was blessed by being nestled snugly almost in the heart of the reservation and secured by the warm friendship and patronage of all the new families living on almost every quarter of land for miles in all direc­ tions. Every citizen of the village and everyone in the surrounding community could say in their heart, "This is my town and my country." By God's grace, there are some of these early settlers still among us today and we hold sacred the memory of many who are no longer

— 35 — here. They have gone on to their reward, while others came along from time to time to take up the challenge and carry on, and well they did. The town and the community grew along to gether and has continued to develop through the years. I could mention many names of the early days, both townsfolk and countryside, but that would be impossible here. Suffice to say, that living now in the golden age of Dreamland, I love to sit down and think of you each one by your first name, spend a while with each one individually in memory of the many nice things you have done for me and mine. My sons and daughters join me in these greetings. They, too, have many happy memories of their school days there. And now, we all salute you — the iolKs of Parshall and the entire community. We will be with you in '64, if the good Lord is willing. Our sincere love and may God bless you everyone! W. T. (Bill) Kenady & Family

E. B. KJELSTRUPS' 1914 When it comes to reminiscing about the past 50 years in this com­ munity one's memory rather fails, which may be a good thing, because all things were not pleasant, so you take the good with the bad. To write about the "Good Old Days," well, you can have it! They were just rough. I enjoy today! Take away your TV's, radio, auto­ mobile, mail service, frigidaires, electric washers and dryers, super markets, electric lights. I like all these modern conveniences, and. you do, too. It was through my good fortune that I had reached my limit in salary in a bank in Minnesota ($45.00 a month) so accepted a position with the Pioneer State Bank of Plaza in June of 1913. That is how I am here. The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation was opened for settlement in 1912 with hundreds of homesteaders settling here from every state in the Midwest. What I have enjoyed most about this area is the different nationalities and religions which help to create a good com­ munity to live in. My first day in Parshall was April 13, 1914, when I opened the Peoples State Bank and the first depositor was John Iverson, first resident and merchant who now resides in Portland, Oregon. E. B. Baker, a homesteader, formerly from Minneapolis, Min­ nesota, was also, a merchant adjoining Parshall townsite and a retired official of the Bell Telephone Co., which he helped to organize. Mr. Baker sold his merchandise and building to D. E. Richardson, who still is in business. Naturally, being the senior citizen in resident I assisted in every civic activity that totk place to make Parshall a better place to live, organizing the settlement into a Village, School, commercial club, church, telephone company, farmers elevator, city band, baseball team, golf course, men's chorus, grandpa's bowling league, cooperating where- ever and whenever possible.

— 36 — We were concerned whether the Soo Line would extend the rail­ road to Sanish, but were pleasantly surprised on May 1, 1914 when a trainload of horses, railroad building equipment came into Plaza to begin building the extension from Wabek Junction to Sanish. The rails were laid on the townsite of Parshall on Sept. 1914. The town lot sale was held by a U. S. Department Official on Nov. 2, 1914. First lot sold to N. 0. Sanden (now Hanson Department Store) for $1500.00 on these wide, open prairies. Kathryn Mahoney and I were married in 1926, Kathryn taught school in Parshall for several years and has always been intensely interested in promotion activities, also. I am proud of our city and enjoy every new improvement made. I hope that Parshall will continue to grow and grow, and prosper, and I hope it will always be a pleasant place for others to come to and establish their homes.

W. B. SOLBERGS' 1914 I came in 1916 and located on a homestead southeast of Raub where I farmed for six years. In 1922 I moved to Parshall to work for Nels Hobson who was in the Restaurant business. Later, I worked for Benell Bros., in the OK Cafe for a period of three years. I, then, moved to Stanley and worked for Corrigan Brothers for two years after which I took over A. B. Veum's Lunchroom. (Gratz's Bar). After beer and liquir became legal, I operated a bar until 1948 when I retired. I married Hattie Hass in June of 1918. We have one daughter, Mrs. Del Tripplette (Delores) who lives with her family at Lansford, North Dakota, where both she and her husband are teaching school. We have three grand children. 37 N. O. SANDENS' 1914 In the early spring of 1914, N. 0. Sanden and a group of business­ men from Donnybrook, North Dakota, went on an extended trip to the country west and south of Plaza. They wanted to investigate the glowing reports they had received as to business possibilities and after traveling west to a small village on the Missouri River, which was then called Sanish, and south to Elbowwoods, they returned with the firm decision that Parshall was the Promised Land. Plans were made immediately to build a general merchandise store. In June of that year, Dad brought carpenters along with him to begin the construction. Milton, who had just graduated from the eighth grade, came along to cook for the crew, and everyone would live in tents. The building was erected on the first Parshall townsite, about one- half mile east of the present location. At that time the village consisted of just a few buildings, such as John Iverson's Store, Ed Kjelstrups' bank, Tangedahl's Pool Hall and Restaurant, a barber shop, a few other business places and a few homes. In six or eight months the townsite was moved to the present location, and Parshall began to grow! "The Big Store" as our store was called, was moved to it's present site, and later on, a brick build­ ing was added which separated the store from Austin's Restaurant and Meat Market. Two banks and a Farmer's Implement Store were con­ structed on the other three corners of the main intersection of town. In the summer of 1915, the Sanden family moved from Donny­ brook to Parshall. That fall, Oranda, Norman and Milton went to Bot­ tineau, North Dakota, to live with our mother's sister to attend high school. Florence and LeRoy, being younger, went to school in Parshall. Florence became a member of the school track team and when the team went to Plaza for a track meet, the boys on the Plaza team became very irritated that they had to run against a girl, and threat­ ened to call off the meet. However, the meet went on, — Florence was the fastest runner, and won the races. Evenually, all the children graduated from high school, and began our college careers. Oranda, Florence and LeRoy went to North Da­ kota University, Norman to Carlton College at Northfield, Minn., and Milton to Northwestern University at Evanston, 111. Both the girls joined the Alpha Phi Sorority. LeRoy and Milton joined the Sigma Nu Fra­ ternity at their respective universities. Later on, both the boys joined the same Dental Fraternity, and graduated from Northwestern Uni­ versity Dental School. What great fun it was to return to Parshall at Christmas time, and for the summer vacation. The train was due in Parshall at six o'clock in the evening, but in the winter, it might be nearer midnight at Christmas. That was alright, however, as long as we were on it. After school, Oranda returned to Parshall, and a short time later, married Rev. Melvin O. Andrews, who had come to the Lutheran Church. They had two children; Ramona, who now lives in Lomita,

— 38 — The Mules That Hauled the First Load of Merchandise for the N. O. Sanden Store From Plaza. A. A. McNutt behind the mules. Calif., near Oranda and Melvin, and John, who passed away in Ger­ many while he was in the service. Florence began a teaching career in South Dakota, where she met Tom Kloster. They were married in Chico, Calif., where Norman lived. They have two children: Ann, who lives in Denver and Tommy in Moorhead, Minn. Norman came back to the store after school, and in a year or so, married Bella Bjorn. When we sold the store, Norman went to Chico, Calif., and bought a fine motel. Two sons were born to them, Norman and Franz. They are both teaching school near San Francisco. Norman passed away in January of 1934. After graduation, LeRoy opened his office for the practice of Dentistry in Hinsdale, Illinois, where he is still located. He is married and has three daughters: Nancy Lou, Janet and Ginny. Milton opened his office in Evanston, Illinois, and was in practice there until World War II, when he was called to the service. He is married and has two sons and one daughter: Robert, Helen Lee and Howard (twins). Shortly before my leaving for the South Pacific, Dad passed away in Minnesota in July, 1944. It was our second loss in the family, but fortunately, with the war going on, we were all in the United States at the same time. Dad was buried in Long Beach, California. In 1928, Dad decided to sell the business, and rent the store build­ ing. For the next few years, mother and dad traveled around, visiting their children and grand children during the summer and spending the winters in the south or California. They decided to buy a house in Long Beach, and settled there in 1939. After Dad passed away, mother had a hard time adjusting herself to a new life. She enjoyed visiting we children, but something was missing for someone who had depended so much on Dad. We decided to sell the house in Long Beach, to relieve

— 39 — mother of any responsibility. Mother took her first airplane ride in the fall of 1949 to Oranda's house in San Pedro, Calif. On February 4, 1960, mother passed away, and was buried alongside dad's grave in Long Beach. Oranda and Melvin continued their church work in Minnesota for several years after leaving Parshall. Their final church assignment was at a Lutheran Church in San Pedro, Calif., where .they remained until Rev. Andrews retired from the ministry. They now live in Lomita, Calif., where Melvin is still called upon to preach at various churches in addition to teaching at Chadwick private school. Oranda is still busy with her many church and civic activities. Florence and her husband Tom, decided to remain in the field of education, and located in Moorhead, Minnesota. Tom became principal of the Junior High School, which position he held for more than 30 years, until illness forced him to give it up, six weeks before his retire­ ment. Tom passed away in May, 1962, Florence was influenced by Con­ cordia College at Moorhead to help them with their teaching. She taught there for many years, and tried to give it up many times, but was persuaded by the faculty to remain, which she did until the spring of 1962. She is now, the House Mother of about 100 girls at the Alpha Phi House at the University of Colorado in Boulder. During her spare time, she lives at her home on Pelican Lake, Minnesota, or visits her children and grandchildren. LeRoy is busy practicing dentistry, and when he gets too tired of working, he and his wife, Fran, like to call on their married daugh­ ter, living in Madison, Wisconsin, or visit with the other two daugh­ ters, both of whom are in college. When they want a better rest, they take a trip. In 1947, Milton was returned to civilian life after serving over five years as a Dental Officer with the Army. In 1949, he was recalled to the service, but was fortunate enough again to be in this country in 1950, when mother passed away. He, too, enjoys visiting with his chil­ dren. Two of them live in the Chicago area, and one in Michigan. After retiring from the army in 1961, Milton decided to travel and rest, but loafing became very tiresome after one year, so he is now practicing dentistry at the Family Dental Clinic, Lowry Air Force Base, Denver, Colo. All of the family have traveled a great deal, even around the world since leaving Parshall, but we always like to return to this very fine town. This is one place where we call people by their first names, and it really feels like home. In this day and age, many small towns throughout the land are no longer existing. As a former family of Parshall, we would like to con­ gratulate the Chamber of Commerce and the Parshall Community for a successful endeavor in celebrating your 50th Anniversary. As long as you maintain this Civil and Spiritual Leadership, — there will always be a "PARSHALL"! Sincerely Yours Milton Sanden, D. D. S.

— 40 — Welcome to Parshall's

50th ANNIVERSARY

MOBIL OIL BULK SERVICE

George, Cecelia and Gary Milbrath

If you have a car, a home, a family, one man can solve all of your insurance problems. He is your friendly State Farm agent. See him soon.

R. O. TORGERSON

Parshall, North Dakota

Phones: Office UNion 2-5415 Res. UNion 2-4388

State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company State Farm Fire and Casualty Company State Farm Life Insurance Company

41 — LON AUSTINS' 1914 One of the big events in the life of the Austin family occurred in the summer of 1914 as Dad made arrangements to sell his blacksmith and garage business in Ryder, North Dakota, and plan for a new location. The railroad was going through and many new towns were spring­ ing up along the way. Dads' selection for our new home was Parshall, All family possessions were loaded on a large hay wagon, the team of horses hitched up and the driver sent on his way. The members of the family, Lon and Rose Austin with children Lloyd, Beulah, Harold, Thelma, Mae and Don piled in the family auto, a Stoddard-Dayton touring, and followed. Our first home in Parshall was a two story farm house located on the eastern side of the townsite. The railroad had not yet arrived. The existing business buildings consisted of a store and post office and bank. Later that summer the railroad came through and the depot was built, main street laid out, lots were sold, buildings were either moved or new ones erected and the town began to grow. Remembered happenings of those days were the many disastcrous fires which seemed to plague the town. At one time the new hotel and several other buildings, including Dad's went up in smoke. Other fires took grain elevators, the lumber yards and various build­ ings, but building continued and so did growth. Dad's rebuilding program included another restaurant and meat busi­ ness in joining structures. Also, we moved to a new house in town. During the first year the older children walked to a country school located out of town to the northwest. Later, school was held in tem­ porary buildings and for a while a church was used. Then, a school was built and the members of the family of school age enrolled. The family attended the Lutheran Church where the children were baptized. In March 1915, another son was born, the first baby to arrive in the new town. Many suggestions were made that the new arrival be named Parshall after the new town and much discussion was held by the family and friends. However, a family name was selected and Glenn became the latest addition to the family. We lived and continued going to school in Parshall through the school year of 1918 at which time we again were on the move. Dad sold his business and in the summer of 1919 left for Spring Valley, Wisconsin. The following spring, 1920, mother passed away and the family returned to Dad's former home in South Dakota. As the children grew up they began to scatter. In 1935, Harold died in Fargo, North Dakota. In 1946, Dad died in Everett, Washington. Beulah. who had remained in Wisconsin, died in 1962 at Hudson, Wisconsin. Mae is now living near Denver, Colorado, after making her home in Southern Texas for many years. Thelma, Glenn, Don and Lloyd all reside in the Pudget Sound area of Western Washington. Thirteen grand­ children of Lon and Rose Austin, and several great grand children, are also scattered through out the States.

— 42 — Welcome to ParshaWs 50th Birthday

PARSHALL REXALL DRUG — Prescriptions — Sundries — Jewelry — Gifts — Fountain PARSHALL, NORTH DAKOTA

43 — B. G. SHUBERTS' 1914-15 Bert came to North Dakota in 1914 and to Parshall in 1915. His first job here was running a tractor for Herman Butt, plowing. When land south of Sanish was opened to homesteaders, Bert filed on a quarter six miles from town. Having no means of transportation he walked to Sanish for mail and groceries. He, also, brought mail for his neighbors, among them the W. H. Summers family. It was here he met his future wife, the former Lilyan Summers. Bert enlisted in the U. S. Army March 27, 1918, and served overseas from May 1918 to June 1919. After his discharge on February 14, 1919 he returned to Parshall. He and Dewey Shubert then bought the Parshall Power Plant located on the lots where the Carl Kvale and Alice Evenson houses now stand. On October 8, 1919, he and Lilyan Summers were married. They set up housekeeping in Parshall. Four children were born to them, three daughters, Doris, Marjorie and Bette and one son, Jacque. The first radio in Parshall was owned by Bert, an Atwater-Kent with ear phones. Baseball fans would gather at the house and listen to the world series. The power plant was operated by Bert until 1927 when it was pur­ chased by the Ottertail Power Company. Bert continued to work with this company until he again enlisted in the services of Uncle Sam; this time in the Navy on April 17, 1943. He served as Chief Electrician's Mate in the Navy Construction Battalion until he was discharged on December 22, 1944. When he returned home again he took over his former job with Ottertail Power Company and continued there until he was appointed Postmaster in March of 1946. He held that position until his death July 14, 1962 He would have retired January 4, 1963. Lilyan worked along with him in the Postoffice, being clerk during the time that Bert was Postmaster. Bert was always interested and active in civic affairs. At one time he was Deputy Sheriff of Mountrail County. He was a Charter Member of the Arthur-Solie Post No. 121 of the American Legion, a member of the World War I Veterans, The Civic Association and the Lions Club.

HANS SKOGEN'S 1915 Hans Skogen came to Parshall in the spring of 1915 from Litch- ville, North Dakota. He married Karen Trenflaten at Litchville in 1907. She passed away April 8, 1922. Mr. Skogen worked in the butchering business for a number of years but finally gave that up and went back to carpentering work. He retired from that work in 1956. He passed away June 2, 1957. The Skogens had four children, namely: Oscar, Betty, Harold and -Helen. Oscar lives on a farm just north of Parshall, Betty lives in Granville, North Dakota, Harold passed away as a child and Helen is a mathematics teacher in a school in Richland, Washington.

— 44 — S. T. HANKINS' 1915 Mr. S. T. Hankins, Mrs. Hankins (Minnie) and daughter Beth moved to Par-shall in the fall of 1915. Mr. Hankins built "The Hankins Hardware" store and at that time it was just across the street from the Richardson's General Store (The south half of the present Coast to Coast Store). He felt this a good place to set up 'shop' because the town was on the boom, the people were a young set, full of ambition, loyalty and perserverance and he proved his point for they made good and enjoyed the time spent here to the utmost.

..BE H ^*gfv«

S. T. Hankins Hardware. (Note the balcony stairs)

The Hankins Hardware handled the line of goods necessary for a growing farm community and also the John Deere line of machinery. Mr. Hankins also, built a home here in town which is presently owned and occupied by his brother, Fred R. and Mrs. Hankins. In Minnie Hankins' letter to us she tells of their store purchasing Majestic coal-burning types of kitchen ranges and Hot-Blast Heating Stoves by the car load as there was a ready demand for plenty of them at this time in Parshall and surrounding territory. The Hankins Hardware grew and at various times during the busy season of the year they hired as many as five or six extra helpers besides Mr. and Mrs. Hankins. The harvest season was the busiest and the Saturday nights were something eventful. Oftentimes one could barely get across Main Street for it seemed that everyone for miles around was in town shopping and visiting. On son, John, was born while the family lived in Parshall. He is now an educator in the Clover Park School System, as is his brother George, in Tacoma, Washington. Beth, who was six months old when

45 — the family came to this fair city is now a Professor in the Education Department at the University of Puget Sound. After leaving Parshall, Mr. Hankins taught school for a time in Bellington, Washington and later spent about 20 years working in the Real Estate Business. He passed away in 1947. Minnie Hankins continues to be interested in Educational Problems of the day. She is also interested in politics.

C. E. SHUBERTS' 1915 Court Shubert first came to Parshall in July of 1915. His first job in this area was with Butt & Maurer during harvest. On June 27, 1917, he enlisted in the army and served until July 9, 1919, with nearly a year being spent overseas. He then returned to Parshall and continued working at various jobs. On December 27, 1922, he married Jennie Jacobs, whose family was among the early settlers in the Van Hook area. In 1924, they decided to go into business and bought the City Dray Line and Feed Barn from Wm. Carmody. The 'ice business' was added in 1925. Ice was harvested on the Missouri River at Sanish and shipped to Parshall by Soo Line. The large chunks of ice were packed in saw dust which had been shipped in from Minnesota. During the summer, ice was delivered 3 times a week by team and dray wagon. Customers included both business places and homes as there were no electric refrigerators. The ice business was discontinued in 1936. In the early days farmers hauled all their grain by team and wagon so the barn was usually filled with farm teams and Indian horses. Anyone coming a distance stayed in town overnight. One man was always kept busy hauling hay and feed and the hay loft never failed to be a popular place for transients. Draying involved many kinds of work and long hours. For many years Court got up at 5 a.m. hitched up the team, picked up the mail at the Post Office, cream at the Creamery and laundry at the Barber Shops and met the train at 6 a.m. No matter how late the evening train came in he had to be there to take the mail to the Post Office. Oliver Johnson, Olaf Edwardson and Oscar Skogen were among his assistants in those days. They hauled out many an ash pile every spring and plowed most of the gardens in town. Lignite coal was sold and delivered for many years. A great deal of concrete work was done by Court and his crew. As a side line, he was Police Chief for many years. A brickcrete plant was built in 1947 and Court manufactured brik- crete for a time. This material was used in several buildings in Parshall. When Court retired in 1959, the Dray Line was sold to Albert Erickson, who had been his faithful assistant for many years. The coal business was sold to Ken Elton. The Brikcrete Plant was sold to the City in 1960 and has been remodeied for a Fire Hall. Court and Jennie have one daughter, Clarice, who is a graduate of Concordia College, Moorhead, Minnesota, where she majored in music. She is now a vocal music instructor in Cheyenne. Wyoming.

— 46 — Congratulations Parshall

ON YOUR 50th Anniversary

from WESTLAND OIL COMPANY A NORTH DAKOTA INDUSTRY

and PARSHALL PROPANE

LEONARD MAC'HEEL, Local Agent PARSHALL, N. DAK.

- 47 A. O. RAMBECK FAMILY 1915 Mr. and Mrs. Adolph 0. Rambeck and three sons lived north of Parshall (2 miles) until 1936 when they moved to Tacoma, Washing­ ton. Married in 1915 (date not verified) Mr. and Mrs. Rambeck had four sons. The first-born, Ralph (1917) died in infancy of pneu­ monia. LeRoy, born in 1919 and Harold, born in 1923, and Oscar born in 1921 all finished high school in Tacoma, during the late thirties. Harold, his wife, two sons and a daughter, live in Tacoma, Washing­ ton; and Leroy, his wife and two sons live in Seattle, Washington, are the only surviving Rambecks. Mrs. A. 0. Rambeck died in 1939 and Mr. Rambeck died in 1954. Oscar, a 1st Lt. in the Air Force was killed while leading a bomber squadron over Germany in 1945. Adolph Rambeck must have been one of the early settlers in the Parshall community. While the dates can't be completely verified, the chronology was something like this: Mr. Rambeck came to Parshall in 1912 to set up a homestead. While others farmed his property, he worked in Sanden's store for from three to four years (1912 to 1916) He was married in 1915, August 28th to Maren Anna Oksness of Doran, Minnesota. Mr. and Mrs. Rambeck lived in the town of Parshall about two years, believed to be from 1915 to 1917, meaning they must have been there at the time of the town's incorporation. The Rambeck farm (two miles northeast of Parshall) was their home until 1938. Mr. A. 0. Rambeck was always very active in community affairs of the city in addition to maintaining his farmland. He was several" years an assessor in Model Township, and he was long on the school board in one of the districts. He was on the board of the local telephone company several years, and was long a deacon in the First Lutheran Church of Parshall. During the depression years he was an agent for the Federal Bureau that administered seed and feed loans to farmers. The Rambeck farm was the site (we believe) of the first Dalen coal mine (pictures included). It was located about a quarter mile from the L. 0. Lande farm. Not knowing who presently owns the property, we believe it was owned or rented by a Bengston family, just after we left in 1936. (Now owned by Orris Benson).

RICHARD F. JAHNKE 1915 Richard F. Jahnke was born in June, 1885 in Cass County, near Fargo, North Dakota. He was baptized and confirmed in the Moravian Church at Casselton, North Dakota. He grew to manhood in that area, was educated in schools there and attended Fargo College in 1908 and 1909. After working for a time in Fargo he came to the Plaza area in 1912 and filed on a homestead in the Raub vicinity. At this time he bought a well-drilling machine and commenced drilling wells in addition to operating a stage line between Minot and Sanish. In this venture he worked in partnership with his brother Herman of the south New Town-Sanish area.

— 48 — S gg)(gM|H|HMgjg|t ^MMRfe «••• LINE Between Minot, Makoti, Plaza, Parshall and Van Hook Daily Service Except Sundays or wl en roads are impassable

C«ra will lea\ Minot about 8:45 A* M., arriving at Mnkott and P\nr,i\ before po*»* thus bringing passenger* to thctte point* 6 to 9, hour» earlier that* ram service, and will return to Minot the same day.

Why waste a d«y of valuable time on the train whan you can make the name trip in * few hour* by stage? Our drt*w« are familiar with the road condition* and «r«; compet­ ent driver*, heving driven these road* for year*. Commerc'&l men can work these town* as they pass thru. Leave your order for the trip with the clerks at the W«v«.rly, l,t- l*nd and Or* rid Hotels, whe*« we will stop and m»* n*»r». R.F.JAHN K In 1915 "Dick" came to Parshall and with his brother Herman, they sold Kissill cars until the company discontinued manufacturing them during World War I. Dick Jahnke was an ardent hunter of water fowl, especially geese, and he was much interested in wild life conservation. He earned quite a reputation for himself in connection with his well-drilling work for it is said that he never completed a well, that he didn't turn over to the owner an exact report of the soil structure encountered while drilling, an analysis of the quality and the type of the water found, the depth of the well, etc., along with a most precise and accurate well-drawn up summary of all activities and expenses of the job just completed. He passed away very suddenly, of an unexpected heart attack on December 27, 1953, at the F. H. Hankins home where he had roomed for years. He had just completed digging a well at the Arthur Tor- gerson farm and the day of his death he had moved his outfit into Parshall to lay it up for the winter. Funeral services were held at the Congregational Church of Par- shall on December 31, and committal was at the Parshall cemetery. Quite a sizeable memorial was tendered Mr. Jahnke at the time of his death by Parshall friends, to be used for improvements at the local cemetery, thus showing the esteem by which this man was respected by Parshallites.

WADE H. WILLIAMSONS', SR. 1915 Wade H. Williamson, Sr., was born in 1878 at Pierce City, Missouri. He obtained his education in the schools in that area and came to West- hope, North Dakota in the early days where he was engaged in an oil drilling business. In 1912 he came to Mountrail County and filed on a homestead in Banner Township and he made his home in that area for a time. In 1915, Mr. Williamson married Minnie Roesch at Fort Dodge, Iowa, and they made their home in Parshall from that time on. They were the parents of one son, Wade Edward, who now operates the Williamson Funeral Home in Parshall. The Senior Williamson was always interested and took an active part in all civic affairs of the City of Parshall. He was always concerned for progressiveness of the young people of Parshall. He worked with the Boy Scouts, was a teacher in the Congregational Sunday School and was also a member of the church Board of D/rectors. He was responsible for the building of many of the cement founda­ tions of the early buildings here in the city as he spent many years as a contractor .building roads and bridges throughout Mountrail County. He passed away on March 24, 1939.

When the optomist gets up in the morning, he says, "Good Morning, Lord!" When the pessimist gets up in the morning, he says, Good Lord, Morning?" 50 — Congratulations

TO P ar shall

ON YOUR 50th Anniversary

Farmers Union Locker Association Dealers In: CREAM — POULTRY — EGGS COLD STORAGE LOCKER SERVICE PROCESSING — CURING — HIDES — FEED — SEEDS MR. and MRS. HIRAM NELSON, PROP. Parshall, North Dakota Phone UN 2-6100

51 CLAUDE CHRISTGAU 1915 Reminiscences of an "Ole-Timer!" I came to Parshall area the first time in 1915. On April 3, I got off the train in Plaza around midnight. Carl Knutson was waiting at the depot and after getting something to eat we went to our room. We drove to Carl's homestead the next morning, arriving about noon to find chicken dinner waiting for us which four of Carl's neighbors had fixed and ready for us. They had butchered his only rooster! After dinner and a lot of kidding we started to clip mules. John A. Johnson and his hired man arrived while Jack Nelson and I were finishing the last mule and the talk drifted to the subject of haircuts that were sorely needed. So several of the men got clips too, while we were in the business. That was my initiation to a friendly neighborhood. Along about the middle of May Carl and I drove in to Parshall one day, and while Carl bought groceries at Richardson's I bought a Savage 22 calibre rifle and 500 shells for $12.50. On July 4th I went in to Parshall's celebration. I think right then, Parshall's present slogan was born "Parshall Has It". September 1915 I moved to Plaza and worked in the Farmers Elevator. September 1918 the Mountrail County Group entrained at Stanley for Camp Dodge, Iowa and Ed Kjelstrup was in charge of the group on that train. I think he walked all the way to camp, calling roll to see if he had lost anybody. After my army experience which included a year of action in France, I returned to the area that I was homesick for—Parshall, where I knew I was going to live. Blaine Hurst was manager of the elevator just west of the stock yards and I worked with him. It was sold to J. O. Berg and Joy Kline managed it for a quite a number of years. The winters of 1919 and 1920 were rugged years. Much intense cold and lots of snow and blizzards day after day. Railroad tracks were blocked for 10 to 20 days but Parshall continued to thrive in spite of the weather. Chris Barth's Pool Hall was a busy place. There, one could play whist, Fan-tan (Up the River) or rummy. If one wasn't a card player he could sit on the sidelines and listen to Axel Wold recite Shakespeare while playing a fast game of call shot or bank pool with Julius Brendle or D. V.Poland. I used to let Poland beat me so he could keep in shape. Any kid in kindergarten the first day could keep track of the games that 1 won. Johnnie Housauer racked pool balls and was official bouncer. Homer Gage operated a barber shop and one could get their while side walls trimmed or chin scraped while waiting for an opening in a card game or pool table. One night after a 3-day blizzard the Pool Hall was filled and the fire tell rang. The Bovey-Shute Lumber Yard Office was on fire. A dozen or more men ran to the Fire Hall to get the chemical hose-carts. This time there happened to be a 5-foot snowdrift in front of the door. -52- I Congratulations Parshall

ON YOUR 50th Anniversary

KUEHN IMPLEMENT CO. UNion 2-4800 UNion 2-4800 Parshall, N. Dak.

The Trademark of Quality Made Famous by Good Implements

ANN, BILL AND THE KIDS

— 53 — One cart was hauled through that snowdrift some way but Bennie Dahl and I, in working with the second cart, got it stuck in that drift for the snow was more than knee deep there. Help came and we finally were able to puff our way to fire only to find out that the hoses were froze up! The office, paint and finishing lumber building, burned to the ground while we fought to keep the fire from spreading to the north. Luckily the lumber under the shed was covered with snow. It was a sight to see those paint cans blow up in that fire. We used shovels of snow to put them out. In 1921 I farmed a section of Indian land southwest of Parshall and after I harvested my 1922 crop I found that I had farmed for two years for the fun of it. I then, had a sale and went back to Minnesota. In the spring of 1923 I came back to Parshall, bought a truck and with Andy Kramer and A. C. Roderick we drove our trucks to Shelby, Montana to work in the oilfields and to see the Dempsey-Gibbons Championship fight. I roamed for a couple of years, then, in 1925 I was again back in Parshall working for E. E. Robideaux Grain Company. I also worked for the Woodworth Elevator. It burned while I was in the Veteran's Hospital in Fargo. The next four years will long be remembered with their long hours of dusty work in the elevator mixed with baseball games, card parties, and American Legion Meetings once a month. After the Legion affairs were taken care of, card games and refreshments were in order. Harry Watson's Special was our favorite sandwich. It included two slices of fresh rye bread with pickle relish on one slice, then a raw hamburger patty on the other slice topped with a slice of raw onion. Put them together and we had it! No member ever had to tell his wife why he came home late; she knew the minute he stepped inside the door. I could write lots more but time and space will not permit. I am enjoying myself, the weather is fine, my health is good and I hope that all in Parshall are doing likewise. Greetings to everybody! An 'Old-Timer' Claude Christgau.

NEWS TAKEN FROM THE PARSHALL PIONEER LEADER . . . January 15, 1915 — Parshall City with a Bis Future Pete Krogen plans to put in all equipment to make his garage complete in every way. Charles Lance arrived from Ryder and began construction of a building 25 x 60 which will be used as a Hardware and Furniture Store. Austin-Tangedahl have just completed a 60-ton ice house which they are having filled. The Railroad Company is preparing to build a passenger and freight depot, thus encouraging passenger service and making daily mail service for Parshall. Earl Richardson will increase his line of merchandise. Oscar Solie will build an addition to his hotel in the spring giving him about 20 additional rooms. — 54 — Bundle Threshing in 1915. Note the Oxen on the Bundle Wagon

-Of. ' **"*.*'fin'

A Typical Grain Hauling Scene in the Early Days

Birds-Eye View Looking South — 55 — NELS LARSON'S 1915 Mr. and Mrs. Nels Larson and daughters, Lucille and Bernice moved to Parshall in April of 1915. Mr. Larson owned and operated a hardware store in the new town for a time but sold the building to Henry Sell in 1917. (This building was south of George Volimas' Beer Parlor and it burned down while Wm. Kuehn was operating a grocery store in it.) In 1917 the Larson family moved to Raub and again were in the Hardware business. This was operated continuously by the Larson's until in 1938 when Mr. Larson was forced to close up the business due to ill health. At this time the family moved to Minot where they made their home. Mrs. Larson passed away in October of 1950. Mr. Larson made his home with his daughter, Mrs. G. A. Momerak (Lucille). He passed away in December, 1960. Bernice is married to a former Parshall lad, namely C. C. Michael and they now live in Burlington, North Dakota. Bernice has worked at Minot Federal Savings and Loan Association for many years. The Larsons have two grand children, Wayne Momerak and Lorriane Momerak Montgomery of Elko, Nevada.

ANDREW B. VEUMS' 1916 The Andrew B. Veum family came to Parshall in the early part of April in 1916. Dad had at an earlier date homesteaded at Esmond, North Dakota, later moving to Maddock, then to York, North Dakota, before coming to Parshall. My father, Andrew, or "A. B.", as he was known, made arrange­ ments to rent and manage a new hotel, still in the process of construc­ tion, but finished in the fall of 1916. A couple of years later he acquired the property and continued to operate and manage the Utopia Hotel for a period of 32 years. The hotel was sold to Mr. and Mrs. Melvin Holmen in 1948. The primary motive for my father coming to Parshall was much the same as other people. It offered new oportunities in securing land, openings for businesses, new people and making a new life in a 'New Frontier.' I recall that evening in April, 1916 very vividly. We came by train, after a seemingly long ride, walked up Main Street, and stopped in at the E. M. Hovey Drug store to warm ourselves. We made our acquain­ tance with Elmer and Em, who extended their hospitality and generous heat from a large, coal-burning heater. In recalling early history in Parshall, one would have to mention some of the families of early pioneers, such as: Austins', Tangedahls', Sandens', Kjelstrups', Solies', McKecknies', Carmodys', Larins', Dam- chens', Krogens', Gevings', and Schrams', and possibly others that I have failed to mention. Well, I am able to recall several important events such as World War I — it's beginning and end — Armistice Day, the influenza out­ break with my aunt, Mrs. Stolquist of Bemidji, Minnesota, being the first 'flu' victim in the Parshall vicinity. Yours truly was indeed a busy

— 56 — Congratulations TO PARSHALL Our Home Town

ON ITS Golden Jubilee

HEDBERG MOTOR COMPANY Arthur Hedberg, Jr., Prop.

17 Years of Reputable Service

Authorized Dealer Dependable Used Cars Ford Cars and Trucks Modern Repair Shop Genuine Ford Parts Experienced Mechanics 24 Hour Wrecker Service AAA UNion 2-1680 After Hours: UNion 2-6900

— 57 — — GEORGE THE GREEK —

Forty-one years in business here in Parshall I left Greece, my home-land, in 1913 In 1923 I came to Parshall. Started a Confectionary "on a shoestring". After ten years I turned it into a restaurant for fifteen years. Then it became George's Bar. All this in the same place. • Except for a short vacation to my home-land I have been here every day putting in long hour, Tending a business that could not close at six. Sometimes I gave twenty-four hour service. Waiting on my innumerable customers, And being a good taxpayer.

Watch your step when you walk in the door, And see how the doorstep is wore. Wore down by the innumerable customers From back in the days of yore. Let's wear it down some more. • CONGRATULATIONS to PARSHALL'S GOLDEN ANNIVERSARY AND MY BEST WISHES TO MY FELLOW BUSINESSMEN AND TO OUR CUSTOMERS OF THE PAST AND OF THE FUTURE.

I could have said it better in Greek but then you no could understand. Patronize George's Bar A nice and respectable place to lounge.

— 58 — Welcome to Our City

ON ITS 50th Anniversary

WE ARE HAPPY TO EXTEND YOU A FRIENDLY WELCOME.

GEORGE'S BAR

George Volimas, Prop. Parshall, N. Dak.

— 59 person delivering medicine, doing chores, delivering groceries, messages, etc. It seemed that the 'flu bug' had no time for me! Pleasures and fun possibly stand out most vividly in a youngsters life. These. I shall enumerate briefly: Seeing Pete Krogen's silent movies, skiing, sledding and skating in the winter time east of town, swimming in the creek south of town in the summer time. Ball games were the big entertainment feature with rodeos, big Fourth of July" celebrations and the County Fair at Stanley as well as Minot were always looked for attractions to attend. Our two dogs, Rosie, a St. Bernard, weighing 160 pounds was the dog of the town, After her passing, Rex, a German police dog took over. Our family and others living in Parshall felt a close attachment for these two wonderful dogs because they were very friendly and were both fond of children. Many tragic happenings took place in these early days, also, particu­ larly in the way of fires. The burning of the Tangedahl Hotel, several places on Main Street and the elevator fires. The International Oil Company fire, to me, was the most sensational as it reminded me more of a Fourth of July Fireworks display. Tragedy nearly overtook me on a couple occasions. The first was a coalmine explosion north of town and the second was when Ted Schubert and I broke through the ice on the Missouri River. I suppose one might say the passing of the citizens to the Reaper over a span of many years is, also, in the tragic category, not to mention the departure of good friends to other places of living. My parents originally came from Spring Grove vicinity of Houston County, Minnesota. A sister died in infancy. Burney, my older brother and myself, Wilfred, known better by the name of "Wally", were the children. My father passed away in Minot in 1954. He left Parshall in 1948 to retire and make his home in Minot. My mother, Julia, passed away in February of 1963, at Bemidji, Minnesota . At the present time my stepmother resides in Minot. Her name is Selma, and Burney and I are very fond of her as she is a most wonderful person. Burney is a practicing attorney at Law at Sault St. Marie, Michigan. He has been quite successful in his law practice and has been honored by the Law Profession on a couple of occasions, having headed the State Bar Association of Michigan in 1960 and was made a "Fellow" in the "College of Law" in 1963. He is married and has one son, Tom. Lastly, the writer of this script is Wally. I am engaged in farming and have done reasonably well by it. My wife and I have one daughter, Marsha, who is married to Robert Scheer, a local Parshall boy. They, in turn, are the parents of a daughter and a son, and they live in Minot where Robert works on the staff of the Minot Daily News. In closing, I hope to see many of my friends and old-timers at the 50th Anniversary Celebration in 1964, and if an opportunity presents itself I'd like you to visit our home. To the people who have worked so hard and diligently to make this event a success and reality, I must say: "A Very Hearty and Sincere Thank You!" Wally Veum

— 60 — Congratulations Parshall

ON YOUR 50th Anniversary

Parshall's One Stop Shopping Center Richardson's PARSHALL, NORTH DAKOTA

Groceries — Clothing — General Merchandise

50 years of service to this community. The first store on the first lot in Parshall.

EDITH & EARL

61 — B. E. CRIPPENS' 1916 Beatty E.. Crippen was born in 1887 at Vermillion, South Dakota. He married Miss Juna Kephart in 1912 and they came to this community in 1916. Mr. Crippen's interest in this area was that of a land seeker, practically like everyone else in the early years of Parshall's begin­ nings. He, too, homesteaded in Fertile Township, but he had his private law office here in Parshall, established in 1916. The Crippen's owned the home on north Main Street, presently owned by William F. Kautt. Mr. Crippen maintained his law office in this fair little city for 13 years. He passed away in October 1929. The Crippens' were the parents of three children: Mrs. Edward D. Anderson (Carol) who lives with her family in Fort Collins, Colorado; Robert lives in Fargo with his family Rollo is deceased. Mrs. Crippen now lives in Mandan, North Dakota, and does a little private tutoring along with some clerical work from time to time.

GEVING FAMILY HISTORY 1916 The Henry Geving family moved to the Parshall community in April 1916, from Hunter, North Dakota, in the Red River Valley to their farm home northwest of Parshall. The family included Mr. and Mrs. Geving, Bertha, Sidney, George, Herbert, Frances, Alice and Almond. The youngest member of the family Maynard, was born at the Geving farm home. Several members of the Geving family still reside in the Parshall community. Bertha, Mrs. John Havlis, has a home in Parshall but spends the winters with her daughter, Louise, Mrs. Dell Thomas in Grace, Idaho. Bertha has three step children, John, Jr., of Stark­ weather, Victoria and Sibyl of Yakima, Washington. She had two grand­ children and six step grandchildren. Sidney also resides in Parshall as does his daughter, Marion, Mrs. Loran Hauge and her husband and six children. Herbert Geving passed away in 1950 but his son Herb, Jr., lives on the old Geving farm. His mother, Charlotte, spends her summers at the farm home. Her oldest daughter, Darlene, Mrs. David Moland, lives in Moorhead, Minnnesota, but works with the Extension Service at the North Dakota State University. Ronald and family have been living in Parshall but will begin his teaching career in Lignite, North Dakota this fall. He has three children. LeRoy, the youngest boy, recently married lives in Roy, Utah. He has one step daughter. Cheryl, the youngest daughter, just completed her sophomore year at North Dakota State University, where she is majoring in music. She completed re­ cently in the Miss North Dakota Pageant as Miss Gateway, representing the Parshall community. George Geving lives on a farm at Spring Grove, Minnesota. He has three children, two sons and a daughter, and nine grandchildren. Almond and Maynard Geving both reside in Minot, North Dakota, where Al is in the Retail Credit Business and Maynard works with him in the Business Service Bureau. Almond has three daughters,

— 62 — Welcome to

P ar shall

ON ITS 50th Anniversary

Tony's Bar Tony & June Gratz, Props. Parshall, N. Dak.

63 — Sally, Jesslyn and Jeanne all of Minot and one granddaughter, Keri Jean. Maynard has two daughters, Jackie, attending the University at Grand Forks, and Linda, a student at Minot High School. Alice and Frances both became California residents in 1960. Alice is working in San Francisco and Frances and husband, Walter Knutson, live in Merced, California, where she teaches school. The Geving family have a record of attendance in the Parshall school of which they are justly proud and which they are sure cannot be topped by any other Parshall family. Members of the Geving family have been enrolled in the Parshall Elementary and High School for 45 years without a break, from April 1916 through May 1961, with the graduation of Cheryl, daughter of Herb Geving. The following Gevings have attended Parshall school, beginning with the children of Henry Geving: Sidney, George, Herbert, Frances, Alice, Almond and Maynard. Following these were Marion, daughter of Sidney; Darlene, Herb, Jr., Ronald, LeRoy and Cheryl, children of Herbert Geving, deceased; Louise Thomas, daughter of Bertha Havlis, also at­ tended grade and high school at Parshall. Although there is no one bearing the Geving name enrolled in the Parshall school at the present time, four children of Marion Geving Hauge, 'Terry, Kristi, Sidney and Jorn) are enrolled in the elementary school. The Gevings are truly proud of this record! Henry Geving passed away in March 8, 1946 at the age of 76. Mrs. Geving passed away on June 14, 1944 at the age of 72. Both Mr. and Mrs. Geving were active in church work, being members of the First Lutheran Church.

NEWS TAKEN FROM THE PARSHALL PIONEER LEADER . . . January 20, 1915 — Flax Straw Farmers! I am still buying flax straw delivered in Parshall at the Woolwonh Elevator. For nice, clean, dry, straw I will pay $1.50 per ton. Syver Hoff C. J. Barth plans extensive improvements on his pool hall. January 27, 1915 — N. 0. Sanden runs an ad with special buys for quantity purchases. With the first three orders en a special sale day amounting to $15.00 he would give the buyer 25 pounds of the regular 20 cent coffee for $4.00. April 23, 1915 — N. G. Johnson, manager of the Farmers Elevator at Makoti was in town Sunday to see what Parshall looked like. He found it pretty healthy-looking for a six months old baby! April 30, 1915 — Parshall will play it's first game of ball on the home grounds this coming Sunday afternoon. Be on hand and root to beat the band! Plaza plays Parshall. May 13, 1915 — Fred Hankins spent Sunday and Monday on his farm. He is now harvesting rocks and they will average 50 loads to the acre. Some crop, What?

— 64 — JOHN AHLGRENS* 1913 John Ahlgren and Emily Anderson met and were married in Chicago May 21, 1901. Emily was working in Chicago and John had a small moving business there. They had originally come from Sweden, quite young. Three children (Arthur, Harry and Mildred) were born thire and John had an urge to go to North Dakota, so they packed up and moved out to Burlington, North Dakota in 1910. They were fortunate to rent a nice farm there and John was lucky enough to file on a home­ stead which is now five miles west of Parshall. Margaret was born in Burlington and in 1913 we moved by wagon loads and horses to our newly built homestead shack. Many trips were made by horses between Burlington and our new home. We always remember our first night on the prairies, sleeping on top of a hayload in the yard of Johanna Qualley's with coyotes howling. Johanna Qualley was a dear soul and many travelers were made welcome there on their way out from Plaza as Parshall did not exist then. We got our mail at Plaza until the City of Parshall was organized and the Soo Line extended. On April 2, 1915 we were surprised to find out we had 2 new babies, the twins Fred and Florence were born at our little homestead shack with the able assistance of Dr. Blatherwick Sr., of Van Hook. We suppose they perhaps were the fist set of twins born in that vicinity. On June 6, 1921 our yongest sister, Vivian, was born, making it a family of 7. The family includes Arthur, who passed away in November, 1959. He was married to the former Marie Maloney from Esmond and they had one daughter, Carol, who is 15 and they live in Stanley. Harry was married to the former Eunice Kringle of Minnesota. They have a son, Bob, who teaches at Pocatello, Idaho, and Jean who teaches at Pelican Rapids, Minnesota. Harry and Eunice have resided in Fosston for many years. Mildred is married to Marvin Sanderson, formerly from Van Hook. They have a daughter, Shirlee Mason, 24, of Houston, Texas and she has 3 children, Vicki, Rusty and Kim. They also have a son, Larry, 21, who is serving in the Armed Forces in Korea. Margaret is married to Harold Debertin, a local goy, and they live near the old homestead. They have 2 sons, Richard, 20, who has gone 2 years to college and is working for Western Hotels and plans for more college, and David, who is a Junior at Parshall High School. Florence is married to Alvin Mortinsen, a native of Wisconsin and they reside at Longview, Washington. Fred is married to the former Irene Remme of Makoti and they live in Parshall. They have 3 children, Phyllis, 19, who works for Western Hotels, Wayne, a Junior in high school and Donald, a 6th grader. Vivian is married to Joe Schneider, a native of Hastings, Nebraska and they live in Longview, Washington. They have 4 children, Dale, 17, a senior, Gary, 14, Jean, 12 and Connie, 6 years old. John Ahlgren passed away November 21, 1931. Emily Ahlgren lived on the farm for a few years but in 1936 bought a house in Parshall and moved in. She spent several years there and then lived at Vancouver, Washington, where she passed away March 26, 1946, — 65 — A SAGA OF PARSHALL, NORTH DAKOTA By C. Ken Tangedahl Yes I remember Parshall Famous for all its wheat It had its many problems The bitter cold, the heat It had its crop failures The army worms, the rust The grasshoppers and the hailstorms The blizzards and the dust Thru many days of anguish It languished thru the drought It took a heap of courage To stay and work things out Thru all the years of turmoil When other towns went dead The lively town of Parshall Kept looking far ahead It set a pace for living Its standard it set high This all began in those early days When men first learned to fly. Yes I remember Parshall Modern in all its ways Down thru the roaring twenties And Prohibition days It had its own true flappers The Charleston they could do The sack and sash dresses The ear puff hair-does, too Dudes and handies played their part Traditionally possessed They strolled about with silken shirts Bell bottoms neatly pressed Hair parted in the middle As slick as it could be And the undies that they covered were the good old B. V. D.'s It had its good time Charlies Who would easily bet a fin They would swim the Great Missouri — 66 — For a pint of bath tub Gin And let me tell you stranger 'Twas not to keep in trim For a bath was known in those days As a rubber tub swim This my friend was Parshall In the days when things weren't tame When to mention "Running Water" Was just an Indian name. Yes I remember Parshall From its birth in the year fourteen The year the world went changing From the horse to the vast machine Ironically speaking a fact we can't deride The birth of Parshall changed the world These dates do coincide From the days of peaceful travel Dependent on the sturdy steed To this fast and furious, fearsome age Of supersonic speed From the first World War to end all wars A promise that wars would cease Is sad but true that since that time The world has seen no peace Yes I remember Parshall remote from worldly cares That paid no mind to foreign land That was not their affair But the world just kept on changing Growing smaller every year Now the missile base and nuclear bomb Has filled the world with fear But time and change put us all in range Our attitude grows tense The perimeter of defense Though time has passed and mighty fast A thing we can't explain How all these things have all occurred Since Parshall got is name Yes marvelous things have taken place During Parshall's short life span Since man set out to harness the world But Alas! The world has harnessed man.

67 — DR. G. S. FROGNERS' 1916 Dr. G. S. and Mrs. Frogner and daughter Elaine came to Parshall in January, 1916, from Berthold, North Dakota. The former home of the Frogners' had been Mayville, North Dakota. Their first home was in the southeast section of town at the site of Mrs. Caroline Nelson's home at the present time. The doctor's office was at that time over the Sell Brothers Store (the site of the present Skogmo store). In 1916 Dr. Frogner built a residence for himself (the present home of the Max Adams family). In 1918 Dr. Frogner was called up for military duty in World Warl and after his discharge from the service he took up residence in Plaza for a short time where he practiced until 1925 when he again returned to Parshall to resume medical practice here. At this time he purchased the Elmer Hovey residence where he continued to reside until 1936. (This is now the home of Ed Nelson.) During 1927 - 1928 Dr. Frogner was resident physician and surgeon at the Parshall Hospital. The building converted for this service was then known as the Tomper's Residence and is now owned and occupied by the Truman Olsons on Main Street. While living in Parshall, Dr. Frogner was very active in community development. He served as president of the School Board for quite a length of time. He partook generously of various sports, chiefly, golfing and hunting. After leaving Parshall in 1937, Dr. Frogner continued the practice of medicine for a time at Thompson Falls, Montana. Both Dr. and Mrs. Frogner are now deceased and the daughter, Elaine, married Henry Stewart and lives at Provo, Utah. They are the parents of four children. Elaine works at the present time as dietician in the State Training School for Mentally Retarded at Provo.

EDWIN W. NELSONS' 1916 About January 5, 1916, I arrived at Plaza, North Dakota. There I was snowbound for 21 days so I returned to my home in Minnewaukan, North Dakota. In March, I came again and went on to Sanish, but I did not care for that town, so came to Parshall and made up my mind to the fact that "this is going to be my town". Everything was booming, with cafes open night and day and the streets alive with cars. Ole Njos and George Johnson were building a repair and blacksmith shop which they named "Reservation Garage". I made a deal with them to run the repair shop and in the fall of 1916 I bought the building and operated a repair ship until 1950. The first car I worked on belonged to Nels Larson who had the hardware store here. That was my first work in Parshall — May 5, 1916. George Johnson, my partner, and I ran a livery between Parshall and Minot, too, but this was soon given up as the Model T Ford and Crow Elkhart open cars couldn't stand up over those terrible roads. We spent more money getting pulled out of mud holes, fixing front spring

— 68 — I

The "Rotary" After the Big Snowstorm — 1916

A Snow Plow Scene — 1916

May 14, 1915 — George Jordet has recently bought an auto. A Ford. With a big, new house and a car, George is really pushing into the bonanza farm class! Work was commenced on the fence and grand stand at the Ball Park on Wednesday. When completed we will have one of the best ball parks in the country. — 69 — and tires, and other repairs than we took in. I will never forget those roads! They were always changing as some farmers would break up some land or fence across the road and we would have to make a new road around his fence. My first trip to Elbowoods in the fall of 1916 was a wonderful trip to me. I met several tractors hauling grain, every tractor pulling 4 or 5 wagons to town loaded with wheat or flax. It looked like trains coming down the road and was quite a sight to me. Melvin Larson, the first mechanic to work for me, came in the summer of 1916. He worked for me in the garage at various times until he moved to Thief River Falls, Minnesota in 1936. In the spring of 1917 Ed Bakke started to work at the garage and continued to work there for many years. One day Bruce Van Sickle's father brought his Model T in to my shop to have the rear axle repaired. I was very busy and he had tools so pro­ ceeded to do the work himself. He took the rear axel apart and was very careful to keep each part in it's proper place, but when he went out to lunch I threw in a few extra parts! Such a commotion as there was a little later when he tried to assemble all those parts. He had plenty of advice from bystanders, too. On July 4, 1917, Parshall held its first big celebration. People came from many miles around and the town was overflowing with cars and people. The garages were all open that day and we were all plenty busy keeping all those cars running. March 29, 1918, I was drafted into the U. S. Army. Ed Bakke and John Stall took over the garage. I saw real action in France; was gassed and hospitalized for months. After discharge from the Army I again took over the garage as soon as I was able. Business was poor for several years due to poor crops. In 1919, I started selling Delco Light Plants to farmers and to the Mission Church and Schools at Elbowoods. I, also, took the J. I. Case Agency and sold tractors and threshing machines. In 1923 I took over the Overland and Willys-Knight Car Agency. Later, I sold Whippet cars. I had purchased a lathe, a welding and boring machine. With the lathe we made parts for a lot of tractors and farm machinery as it was hard to get parts in the early years. The country was full of large tractors pulling 6 to 10 plows and one fall we ran that lathe machine 24 hours a day. I also sold International gas and oil. The manager of the International Company was a friend of mine by the name of Sam Drablos. We decided to have a double wedding, so on February 28, 1925, Sam and Mildred Cronholm; Marguerite Colclough and I were married by Rev. Erickson in Minot. Then along came the "dirty thirties" with it's drouth, dust storms, golf and spiked malt. We had a lot of poor crops for several years and no one was making any money. Nearly all the businessmen in Parshall went crazy over this game of golf. They would go out at the break of daylight and play until sundown. It was hard to catch a business man in his place of business. In 1936 I bought an old Garr Scott steam engine from Spalla, north

— 70 — Congratulations To P ar shall

On Their 50th Anniversary

We are proud to be providing modern dial telephone service to Parshall and surrounding area.

RESERVATION TELEPHONE COOP. Main Office PARSHALL, NORTH DAKOTA

— 71 of Plaza to use as a heating plant in the garage. Olaf Lyson ran the engine in to Parshall for me. After we got on the road one of the flues started to leak so badly that we lost all the steam and water. We came back to town and made some steel and wood plugs to stop the leaking. As we did not dare to have too much steam pressure, we came about 25 miles in three days. The younger set in town played with that steam whistle most of the first night. During World War 2, with all the rationing and shortages in pro­ ducts, parts, gas, etc. it was indeed difficult to try to run a business. We, also, had government inspectors checking on practically every business transaction made. Kenneth, my oldest son, was working in the garage with me until he was called into the army. Thus, after a few more years, I decided to quit and sell out. In the spring of 1943 I went out of the garage business. I sold the building to the Hedberg Motor Co. and they have used it to store cars. I built the Mobil Service Station in 1953 and leased it to the Mobil Oil Co. Some of the men who worked for me in the early years were: Mel­ vin Larson, Ed Bakke, Elmer Sorenson, Bert Warren, George Harris, Melvin Trana, Carl Nyreen, Halver Lokken, Sam Hunter, Bud Smith, Matt Bahler, C. M. Martin and Lewis Pappel. The first house that we lived in was a two-room house (part of the Tom Elton home now). We lived there the first summer and in the fall we bought the house where Roy Sund lives now, from T. E. Hulberg. Our five children were born at that home. In the fall of 1936, we bought Dr. Frogner's home (previously built by E. M. Hovey in 1916) where we now live. We are the parents of five children. Kenneth died on July 20, 1946 in Japan, while in the Service of Uncle Sam during World War 2; Mrs. Stanton Nelson (Elaine) lives at Parshall; Mrs. Andrew Deardurff (Doris) lives at 1418 Maple Avenue, Wyoming, Ohio; Mrs. Paul Nemetz (Eunice) 3503 Lobelia Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio; Leonard Nelson, 735 West 2nd, Prineville, Oregon. We have ten grand children, eight girls and two boys.

EARLY MEMORIES OF PARSHALL By Elmer M. Hovey 1916 Having sold my Drug Store in Forrest River, North Dakota, a small town north of Grand Forks, I was looking for a new location. I had heard of the three new towns of Sanish, Van Hook and Parshall in western North Dakota and decided to investigate their possibilities. My destination was Sanish, located on the Missouri River, but when I ar­ rived there I found that a Drug Store had already been started, so I proceeded to Van Hook and luckily there too, a Drug Store had been started, for I then drove on to Parshall. I arrived in Parshall on a beau­ tiful Sunday afternoon and checked into the hotel operated by a man named Gagnon. I had a very fine visit with Mr. Gagnon and decided that Parshall was good enough for me. I got in touch with David Larin and from him I purchased the lot where the present Drug Store stands. Mr. Larin was truly the "Father" of the Village of Parshall. He was

— 72 — IT PAYS TO LOOK

WELL GROOMED.

For Your Barbering & Hairdressing

come to

PARSHALL BARBER & BEAUTY SHOP

HARRY & ALICE PALS

73 — the first Postmaster, First Editor of the paper and had homesteaded adjoining the village on the west. He was an avid booster for Parshall, and with the aid of E. B. Kjelstrup, banker, and Fred Hankins of the lumberyard, they proved to be the "Three Musketeers" of the new western village. Already established when I arrived to build were: D. E. Richardson, N. 0. Sanden, John Iverson, General Merchandise Stores; Darms Bros. Auto Repair and Livery; Wm. Kennedy, Depot Agent; Blum and Kroske Grain Elevator; Peter Krogan, Theater and Implement Dealer; C. H. Withers, Implement Dealer; Chris Barth, Rcreation Parlor; Peder Geiger, Jeweler; Blevins Bros., Livery and Feed Stable; McKechnie, Police Magis­ trate; C. L. Elkins, Lawyer; J. Brown, Barber; Cap Tangedahl, Hotel; Bennie Dahl, Tire Repair Shop; C. R. Sund, Barber; Lon Austin, Meat Market and Restaurant; and the following churches: Lutheran, Congre­ gational and Catholic. There were many obstacles in the settling and building of this fast growing community. The first of which was the Dig fire which burned eight business places to the ground, several of these were never re­ built. Prairie fires were of great concern during the first years, and breaking up of the vast prairies by the homesteaders was hard and time consuming. As the village of Parshall was growing, it was decided to incor­ porate as a city, which we did with Scott Hurst as its first Mayor. The need of an organized Fire Department for the new city was evi­ dent, and it was my privilege to serve several years as the Fire Chief. The members of this department did a commendable job, with the equip­ ment available at that time, to prevent any major disasters. I think the work of Roy Sund, as the Fire Chief of Parshall in the later years, will be remembered by the citizens of Parshall as "outstanding". It was my pleasure to serve as Alderman at one time on the City Council and as Mayor for two terms. I also was a member of the Parshall School Board. My term as President of the Commercial Club will always be remembered as having had the cooperation of the business men and the farmers for the betterment of the community, not only for the city. My years as your druggist in Parshall had to come to an end, so I decided to sell my store to Dr. C. J. Mahowald and I moved to California where I now make my home. I look back on the years that I served the community and feel with pride that I had a hand in the building of this fine locality. Now I read and hear of the good work the daughters and sons of the first settlers are doing and I know the work of we first settlers will continue on. Editor's Note: Emma Sell and Elmer Hovey were married in the early years of Elmer's tenure here in Parshall. Three children grew up in the Elmer Hovey home. Bernice Warren, a step-daughter of Elmer's. Beverly who is married and lives in Cali­ fornia and Donald, also married, and has been associated with the Northwest Clinic in Minot, North Dakota for many years. Mr. Hovey passed away in June of 1963.

— 74 — The "Maintainer" at Work. Parshall, N. D. — 1916

A. A. McNutt Breaking Virgin Sod

May 21, 1915 — Parshall was real well represented at the "doings" in Van Hook on Monday. Parshall wants: A Physician, A Jewelry Store, A Drug Store, Harness Shop, Confectionery, Bakery and Real Estate Firm. — 75 — THE SELLS' 1917 Arthur H. Sell and Frank E. Sell arrived in Parshall shortly after E. M. Hovey arrived from Forest River, North Dakota, and these two men started the Parshall Mercantile Company. They had been in business at Forest River, but at the insistence of Mr. Hovey, they sold out there, built the building across from the present Drug Store with a General Merchandise, Grocery and Meat establishment. Shortly after coming to Parshall, a brother, Henry Sell, purchased the hardware business of Nels Larson. Henry or "Heinie" as he was more commonly known, operated this store until he was drafted into World War I. The business was operated during the war by his father, Hermann Sell. Hermann later bought the farm now owned by Meinart Kruse, now deceased, and operated by his two sons, Amiel and George. Hermann Sell was a colorful figure of the early days, and people enjoyed his German philosophy and wit. Grandpa Sell operated the farm until his 80th birthday, at which time he sold it to the Kruses. He then retired to Grafton, North Dakota where he died shortly after his 92nd birthday. Frank E. Sell now lives in Grafton, North Dakota and is retired. The two brothers, Arthur and Henry have both passed away, as well as another brother, Lloyd, who had been associated with them in business.

W. R. MYERS* 1916 In Plaza, North Dakota, on June 12, 1912, a great adventure began for me when I hopped aboard a wagonload of lumber with a tent, a big box of groceries and a kerosene stove and headed for the Southeast Quarter of Section 33-150-89 with George Purdue at the reins. We headed south, across the big coulee, then the trail angled off southwest and along about noon we came to a strip of freshly broken sod where a man with a drill and four horses were parked eating a lunch. After several sly and humorous glances at the "stiff cady" which I happened to be wearing, the gentleman invited us to stop, feed our team, and eat our lunch with him, which we did. I knew by the twinkle in his eyes that I had better keep that "cady" on my head and not lay it down or he would somehow accidentally step on it and I think you would agree with me when I tell you the gentleman's name was none other than Bill Patten. He was seeding flax on the Blackburn homestead somewhere north of Jay Binkley's homestead. We had many a laugh in after years about that first meeting and Bill often remarked later that he gave me just two weeks of solitary homesteading and I would be heading back east, but, by the time my shack became a reality, others began to appear and by the time fall began, they popped up all over and excitement began to run high. New faces to meet and always the same greeting, "Hi Neighbor, where are you from?" and from then on we were all friends. There were no "high-hats" as financially we. were all on the same level looking for a place to live and get a start. There happened to be two drug stores in Plaza and I spent two exciting summers working there, one summer in each store. The winters I spent back in Illinois. Then, when the Soo Line began to build west and Parshall, Van Hook

— 76 — Congratulations

TO P ar shall

ON ITS 50th Birthday

MOTOR SERVICE COMPANY DISTRIBUTORS OF AUTOMOTIVE PARTS & EQUIPMENT Minot, North Dakota

— 77 and Sanish began to become a reality, I was transferred to Sanish by Harry Emanuelson to open up a drug store there for him. It was on this trip that I met a gentleman from Minnesota by the name of Elmer Hovey who happened to be looking for a location to start a drug store. He rode out to Sanish with us along with his young son Don, who later became a Registered Pharmacist and resides in Minot. I opened up the store in Sanish and Mr. Hovey came back to Par- shall and located there. In 1917 Ann and I were married in July and we came back to Parshall and purchased the house just south of the Lutheran Church which later became the Lutheran Parsonage. In the meantime, Mr. Hovey had sold the Drug Store to a young gentleman by the name of Shunk who was drafted that fall and naturally took it back when Mr. Shunk left for the service. In a conversation a little later, Mr. Hovey remarked to me that the Drug Store was still for sale. So, an evening or two later, I dropped into the Drug Store as Mr. Hovey was closing up to talk about the deal. As I remember, it was about midnight when I left there and I remember saying "I'll let you know in a day or two. Ann was back in St. Paul visiting with her par­ ents and I expected her back any time. Anyway, I went home and the next morning I slept in a bit late. I was suddenly awakened by some­ one pounding on my bedroom window. "Russ, are in there?" "Yes, why?" "I didn't see you down at the fire last night. Didn't you hear "Holy smoke, the whole town burned up last night. Didn't you hear the fire bell?" Never heard a thing! However, I was out of bed by this time and around to the back door and here was Dr. G. S. Frogner after a pail of water from our well, and then he told me about the fire. The Tangedahl Hotel, the Drug Store, Pool Hall and Restaurant and I can't remember what else. Anyway, that was the finish of that deal. Soon after that Elmer and I formed a partnership and together built the two story brick building that has housed the Drug Store all these years, although It has been enlarged since. Mr. Hovey and I enjoyed a very nice business there for the next eight years and in 1925 I purchased Mi-. Hovey's interest and kept it until 1930 when I sold it back to him. And then I discovered California! In closing I wish to say it was so wonderful to have met so many nice people - in Plaza, in Sanish, in Van Hook, in Parshall and in the Cremerville and Raub Community, many of them life-long friends. I wouldn't have missed it for anything.

FIRSTS IN PARSHALL The first Postmistress in Parshall was Mrs. David Larin. The first Postoffice was located in what is the present home of the Chas. Phinneys. The first paper of Parshall was called the Parshall Post and editor was George J. Smith. The first mayor was Scott Hurst at the time that Parshall was in corporated into a city.

— 78 — TOM COOPERS' 1917 The lure of the "Wild West" and tales of fabulous hunting brou­ ght Tom Cooper to North Dakota in 1910. He came from Tracy, Iowa, where he was born in 1886. He was enrolled in the public schools there and also attended College at Iowa State University at Ames. He was first associated with the International Harvester Company in Minot, North Dakota and in 1917 he moved to Sanish, North Dakota, and was established there as an Inter­ national Harvester Dealer. Tom married Ruth Spaulding in January of 1915, at Sherwood, North Dakota. In January of 1917, Mr. and Mrs. Cooper moved to Parshall having secured temporary living quarters in the Stengel house (now occupied by the Harold Nissen family), Tom bought an interest in the C. H. Wi- ther's Implement business as Mr. Withers wanted to give his Minot auto business the bulk of his attention. In January of 1918, Tom, Ruth and baby daughter, Ramona, moved back to Minot where he worked with the International Harvester Com­ pany again. During this time he wrote the Postmaster's examination and in December of 1918 he was appointed permanent postmaster of Par- shall. He moved his family back to Parshall and on February 13, 1919, he took office as postmaster. In May of 1919, he rented the Lockensgard Building next to the Leader Office and opened a Farm Machinery Business, handling the International Harvester line. Hfc was later associated with Mr. J. Brower for a number of years, Mr. Brower being a partner in the business. He bought Mr. Brower's interests in the thirties and continued to operate the business by him­ self. Mr. Red Martins worked for him for many years. In the early 40's Tom Cooper suffered a serious illness and sold the International Implement part of his business, but continued to operate the Hardware Store. During this time Mr. Melvin Holmen came into the business as a partner. Mrs. Cooper was well known in the early days as a very capable piano teacher. In 1933 she was appointed permanent postmaster in Par- shall and held this position until 1945 when she resigned. Upon his return from the service in 1949, Mike Mursener (Ramona's husband) bought out Mr. Holmen's part of the business and together

— 79 — with Jack, continued to operated the Cooper Mercantile Co. Tom and Ruth retired at this time and enjoyed many days at their cabin at Lake Kabekona in Minnesota. They also did a bit of traveling. In the fall of 1948, Tom suffered a heart attack from which he never recovered. He passed away in November of that same year. In 1952 Tom's son, Jack, bought out the Murseners and he continues to operate the same business which his father started. Old timers remember Tom and Ruth as good workers in their com­ munity. Tom served as fire-chief, mayor, en the Parshall School Board and held many other civic positions required of businessmen in a small town. His pleasant personality, cheerful smile and good humor made many friends. He loved the outdoors and the hunting in this part of the country. Ruth passed away in 1960, after an illness of two months. Ramona (Mrs. Howard Mackey) lives in Roundup, Montana where she teaches in the public school. Ramona's daughter, Michelle, is at­ tending school in San Francisco, California. Jack continues to operate the Coast-to-Coast Store in Parshall to­ gether with his wife, the former Rojean Scheer. They have two children, Mary and John Thomas who are both of school age. the family continues to live in Parshall. Both Jack and Jean take a very active part in all community activities connected with city, church and school.

H. H. WESTLIES' 1917 The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation was opened for homesteading in the fall of 1911. I was working in a bank in southern Minnesota at the time and I came to Minot to register. I drew a fairly low number and came to North Dakota to file for my homestead in the spring of 1912. Scott Hurst, a neighbor of mine, and I decided to go in the business of building homestead shacks. We built quite a number of shacks during the summer of 1912, but in the fall of 1912 I got a job as book­ keeper at the Farmer's Union Elevator in Plaza. Plaza was a town at the end of the Soo Line and with homesteaders coming in from all over, business in Plaza was very good. In 1914 the Soo Line built a spur from between Plaza and Makoti and west to the Missouri River. That was the start of Parshall, Van Hook and Sanish. A friend of mine, Clarence Holt, who was in the hardware business in Plaza had the Ford agency for a large area and asked me to go in with him. I hesitated about doing that, as at that time I was manager of the Farmer's Elevator at Plaza. However, Holt started to build a garage at Parshall and one Sunday evening he tock my wife and I over to Parshall to attend the church services there. The name of the preacher was Shaw and he was a very good speaker. On the way home that evening I told Mr. Holt that I would go in with him as part­ ner in the Ford Agency at Parshall In September 1917, we moved to Parshall, where I took over as man­ ager and part owner of the Ford Agency. We rented a house in north­ west Parshall to start with, however, a little later on, I purchased Dr. Frogner's house as he was leaving to go into the Army. This house

— 80 — * WiLLiam±on±. FUNERAL HOME

HELEN &• WADE WILLIAMSON

KEEPSAKE DIAMOND RINGS

BULOVA — WYLER — HAMILTON WATCHES

GIFTS FOR THE OCCASION

BUTLER JEWELERS

Phone UNion 2-6060 Parshall, N. Dak.

81 was the first house north of the Fred Hankins' home. (Now owned by the Max Adams family.) After Dr. Frogner left, Dr. Carter took over the practice in Parshall and this was about the time there was a terrible flu epidemic in North Dakota and many people died from the effects of this terrible sickness. Parshall was a real bustling city at the time that we lived there, and it still is. I cannot remember the names of the people who were in business there at that time, but I remember D. E. Richardson had a general merchandise store on the west side of the street and he still is in business at the same location. Nels Sanden had a store directly west of our garage. Then there was Fred and Sam Hankins in the block south of us where they had a hardware store. The Sell Brothers were in business in that same block, also Tom Cooper. There were three banks and if I remember right, they were run by Oscar Fuglie, Hans Dahl and Ed Kjelstrup. There were, of course, many other businesses up and down the street .B. E. Crippen was an at­ torney in Parshall at that time and I also remember that we had a very efficient Chief of Police in Parshall then. I believe his name was McKechnie. When I arrived in North Dakota to homestead in the spring of 1912, North Dakota, to me, was a land of opportunity. Now after more than 50 years North Dakota, to me, it is still a land of opportunity. We enjoyed living at Parshall very much but in the fall of 1920 I had an opportunity to purchase the Ford Agency in Minot, North Dakota. So, about Jan­ uary 1, 1921, we moved to Minot. Two of our children were born in Parshall, namely Charles and Gordon. I hope we can be in Parshall for the 50th Anniversary Celebration in 1964.

FIRSTS IN PARSHALL The First fire chief was Elmer Hovey. The first depot agent was William T. Kenady. The first load of wheat shipped out of Parshall was October 5, 191S. The first principal was Mr. Larin. The first City Election for Parshall was held in 1917. The first Village Election for Parshall was in 1915. The first Primary Election was held in 1914 in John Iverson's Store. The first building in Parshall was the Baker Store. (Now the Niche Cafe and vacant at the present time, but still stands on Main Street.' The first telephone line was constructed by Mr. Baker. The first house on the townsite was Lars Landes. The first train came through to Parshall in January of 1915. The first well-driller in this area was Richard (Dick) Jahnke whose work began in 1915.

— 82 — "THE ORDER OF UNCLAIMED TREASURES" Andes Place, Monday Evening, June 4, 1917 Krogen's Opera House, Parshall, June 6, 1917 Cast of Characters Charity Longface (Pres.) _. Mrs. John A. Johnson Amarilla Hopewell (Vice Pres.) Mrs. Chas. Herring Melinda Ketchum (Sec.) Mrs. H. H. Westlie Melissa Wireworker (Treas.) Mrs. Joe Manley Belinda Bluegrass (Debater) Ida Johnson Betsey Robbinet (Debater) Mrs. Levi Perry Pricilla Hodge (New Members) : Clara Blonde Luella Primrose (New Members) Alma Johnson Calamity Higgins Myrtle Otterness Polly Pratt Mrs. C. A. Scroggs Miranda Slocum ... Laura Hagan Hannah Biggerstaff Mrs. J. H. Schram Josephine Green Elizabeth Henry Tiny Short Viola Andes Prof. Pinkerton (Inventor of Remodeloscope) Chas Phinney His Assistant Clarence Anderson His Sample Maude Halligan Beautiful Remodeled Ladies: Alma Knudtson, Mrs. E. E. Hagan, Effie and Lillian Otterness (twins), Mrs. A. K. Swein, Mrs. G. E. Solomonson, Clara Westlie, Mrs. H. G. Shafer. Pianist Mrs. Julia Linde

83 — C. ROY SUNDS C. Roy Sund and Ruth Hansen were both born in the state of Min­ nesota. Mr. Sund first came to this area in the fall of 1915 and came to this area with the idea of establishing himself here in March of 1916. This couple were married at Van Hook, North Dakota in June of 1925. Their first home was in Fertile Township but they established their permanent residence in Parshall in about 1917. Roy saw active service overseas in World War I. He joined the army in 1918 along with many others from this area. Roy always has taken an active part in civic affairs. He has seen the town of Parshall materialize from about it's beginning. He recalls very strenuous work on the Firefighters Team. He became a life member of both the State and City Firefighters Organizations in 1916, He recalls with much fervor Parshall's Big Fire on October 31, 1917 which caused so much destruction but luckily spared all lives concerned. Roy takes a great deal of pride in Memorial Day Services held an­ nually in Parshall as does the entire city. He regrets the inability to continue with celebrations at Elbowoods, North Dakota due to the Garrison Dam. The trips to that area, the picking of wild fruit along the river, the big Indian Fairs south of the village in Elbowoods' natural grown picnic area, the round-ups at the Santee Corral plus many other activities which were of much interest to the entire family. The Sunds' were the parents of five girls, all married and in homes of their own. Carmen Hay who lives in Bismarck, North Dakota. Joanne King is in Muncie, Indiana. Jeanne Dalby lives at Raub, North Dakota. Joyce Westrum lives at Beach, North Dakota. Ruth Beth Mar lives at Anchorage, Alaska. Mrs. Sund passed away in 1960 after a prolonged illness.

LOCAL ITEMS TAKEN FROM EARLY EDITIONS OF THE PARSHALL LEADER The highest averages for the month: 7th. Grade — David Larin, Thora Evans, Florence Sanden. 6th. Grade — Beulah Austin, Ted Larin, Adelaide Tangedahl. 5th. Grade — Marvin Clark, Maude Evans, Kenneth Tangedahl. 4th. Grade — Theodore Damnschen, Ralph Richmond, Charlotte Solie. 3rd. Grade — Floyd Damnschen, Dorothy Tangedahl, Arthur Clark. 2nd. Grade — Helen Hurst, Richard Blickard, Luella Solie. 3rd. Grade — Lucile Larsen, Nora Richardson, Athenais Davis. Pupils neither absent nor tardy during the month of December, 1914. Beulah Austin, Thora Evans, David Larin, Florence Sanden, Harry Ahlgren, Thelma Austin, Evelyn Heuer, Adelaide Tangedahl, Theodore Evans, Melvin Hclmen, Palmer Holmen, Lenore Larin, LeRoy Sanden, Mildred Ahlgren, Ida Heuer, and Thomas Rice, Clara Blonde, Principal

— 84 — John Stall's "Myra"

JOHN STALLS' 1918 John Stall became acquainted with the Parshall area in 1914 when, as an expert with the Aultman Taylor Company, he delivered and ser­ viced the Aultman Taylor tractor throughout western North Dakota. The old timers will remember the Aultman Taylor as the big tractor pulling seven breaker bottoms turning the prairies into farm land. In the spring of 1916 he moved his family from eastern North Dakota to the homestead, 8 miles south and % mile east of Parshall. After several years of farming he moved into Parshall and was in the garage business for some time. Later he was with the International Oil Company delivering fuel to the farms in the area with a solid rubber tired truck. One point of delivery was Nishu, 42 miles to the south along the river, and this was a full day's trip in the old solid-tire track on the dirt roads and prairie trails. In 1927 he purchased the ferry boat, Myra Woods, and operated a ferry service from the mouth of Deepwater Creek to Independence, North Dakota, for the next 14 years. Thousands of horses and range cattle, as well as all types of vehicles, were transported across the Missouri River at this point. The old ferry landings are now covered with over 100 feet of water in the Garrison Reservoir. During World War 2, he spent 3 years as a ship-fitter at Portland, Oregon shipyards. Upon his return to Parshall he spent the next 10 years as a radio serviceman at the Radio Electric Shop. He retired in 1959 and since then has spent many pleasant hours fishing in the Garrison Reservoir. The entire Stall family still live in Parshall! — 85 M. J. BOHENSTINGL — VETERAN MERCHANT OF PARSHALL Martin was born in Richland Coun­ ty. He was in the Mercantile busi­ ness in Lidgerwood before coming to Parshall. In 1917 he opened a Ready-to-Wear Store, known as The Parshall Toggery - Outfitters for the entire family. He married the former Anna Eckes, daughter of Mr.and Mrs. M Jacob Eckes of Lidgerwood, Nov. 1917. He and Mrs. Bohenstingl oper- H ated the Parshall Toggery until 1938 H when he became associated with an H advertising firm, a business in | which he is still active. He was a trustee of St. Bridget's Catholic Church and is a 4th degree member of the Knights of Columbus. He held offices of City Treasurer, School Treasurer, City Auditor and was Assessor for a number of years. Mrs. Bohenstingl passed away in May, 1963.

HARRY A WATSONS 1918 Harry Watson operated the first bakery that came to Parshall in 1918. The Watson children came here as little folks with their parents and as the business flourished a step son of Mr. Watson's, Vance Rem­ ington, by name, got to helping a lot in the Bakery. Mr. Watson bought the Confectionary from the Williams Brothers and during World War I he made a doughnut the size of a wash tub which was auctioned off in Minot and the proceeds of something well over $1000.00 were used for charity. In the early '30's the Watsons operated the first bread route which delivered bread to Raub, Plaza and Makoti. Mr. Watson would not give up the former home in Sanish so tore the building down and moved it to Parshall and rebuilt it for living quarters for the family here. (Later purchased by Ted Wenzel and now owned by John Gillespie.) The Watsons spent several winters in California and while there they wculd have some hired party operate the business here in town. The Watsons were the parents of three girls, namely: Ruth, Grace and Isabel. All are now married and living in western states.

FIRSTS IN PARSHALL The first lumber yard in Parshall was the Bovey-Shute Lumber Co., owned by Fred Hankins. The first hotel was owned by Cap Tangedahl and was destroyed by fire in 1917. The first church was the Congregational Church. It stood approx­ imately at the south end of 3rd St., S. W., in Parshall.

86 — G. T. A. ELEVATOR CO.

SEED & FEED

GRAIN CLEANING

HENRY BRUNSELL, Mgr.

Parshall, North Dakota

WALSH'S BAR

Bob and Vcrna

"ONLY A STRANGER ONCE"

You Call — We Deliver

UNION 2-4282 PARSHALL, N. DAK.

Air Conditioned

— 87 — R. A. NORDBYES' 1919 R. A. Nordbye arrived in Parshall in January, 1919 to take over the management of the First National Bank. One of the most severe winters experienced in North Dakota was during the next year—1920. On March 15th of that year R. A. accom panied Jack Finke, an auctioneer, to clerk a sale at the farm of Abner Bradley, who lived about 15 miles southeast of Parshall. Snow was falling when they left town. Arriving at the farm, the storm had worsened to such a degree that visibility had become practically nil. When carrying water it was necessary to stretch a rope from the kitchen to the pump to insure a safe return to the house. The storm continued all of that day and through the night. None of those attending the sale dared risk leaving the farm. Each room became an improvised bedroom with people sleeping on the floors. Not until the third day following the storm were Jack and R. A. able to return to town where they found the snowbanks in the street reaching to tops of the store windows. During this blizzard four children of Gust Wolk perished in an effort to reach their home after school. On June 14, 1923 R. A. Nordbye married Irene Stenson of Rolla, North Dakota and they established their home at the present location in Parshall. In January of 1924 the Nordbyes' bought half interest in what was then the Westlie-Roct Motor Company. R. A. resigned as cashier of the First National Bank to take over the management of the Westlie-Nordbye Company but remained a director of the bank. Later he became sole owner of the Ford Agency until selling out to Arthur Hedberg, Sr., in July of 1947. Since 1947 the Nordbyes' have continued living in Parshall, but spend their winters in California where golfing is one of the main pastimes. When spring comes the urge to return to good old North Dakota is strong and Parshall with all it's various attractions will always be home. During April, May and early June the opportunity to check the many feathered migrants is amply afforded. Many remain for the summer and others go farther north to nest. Since the Central Flyway crosses this part of North Dakota many birds are seen. During one season as many as 79 species were noted in this area. So—here's locking forward to 1964 and a very successful 50th Anniversary for the City of Parshall.

FIRSTS IN PARSHALL The first blacksmith shop was owned by Carl Westermark. The first policeman was Bill Carmody. The first baby born in Parshall was Glenn Austin. (Son of Lon and Rose Austin). The first schoolhouse was erected in 1915. The first school was held in the Town Hall, Congratulations PARSHALL

On Your 50th Anniversary

SELECT White's DAIRY PRODUCTS AT YOUR GROCER

Leading Name In Dairy Products

89 PARSHALL — MY HOME by Ernest E. Rodibeaux Parshall is my home town and 1 love it, I like to live in a little town where you wave your hand and say "Hello" to everyone you meet. Life in a small town is just one long visit with the friends you know and like to see. You share their joys and sorrows as they daily come and go. I like to stand and listen to the friendly talk of the folks who live next door — where every house it not just a house, but a friend's home — so, with a scng in my heart, I'll always sing my praise of my home town. But to reminisce a bit, my first journey to the Reservation was when the Miller brothers, claim locators, transported Dr. William O. McFall, my father-in-law, and myself to locate a claim for "Doc". This country was the wide open spaces in those days. The whole countryside was vacant like a desert — no buildings, no life, no birds and bees, not even a dear old buffalo track could we find. The only thing moving in the landscape were the jackrabbits. "Doc" McFall staked his claim on the lighest level in whai is now known as Banner Township. He stated that "he wanted to be up on a hill so he would be able to see if any ether 'moron' would be crazy enough to come and build a cabin in this seemingly No Man's Land." We had made the trip from Minot via Ryder over trails with deep ruts and high centers. It wasn't easy - where we stuck on high centers, we jacked the car up, dug and carried stones to place under the wheels, backed up, and then made a detour. On the way back we ran into a heavy rain storm, got stuck on a high center with all four wheels in the mud, walked two miles, found a deserted shack in the hills, and spent the night in hunger and misery in wet clothes. Having talked "Doc" into this trip, I began to wonder if I had gotten in bad with my father-in-law. To make a long story shorter, several weeks later "Doc" built his home on the ranch where the coyotes howled at night and a fox stole his chickens. He bought a "tin lizzie" that balked for better roads so he sold it and got a horse and buggy. He and Mrs. McFall settled down for a six months stay, figuring that by that time they would find a potential buyer of their relinquishment in the amount of about a thousand dollars. Nettie McMillan, a school teacher, came and buiit a cabin on the east, within a stone's throw of their house. Old Man Kane and his two daughters settled across the trail. Hugh Miller, a college professor, located on the northeast. Captain Murrill and an attorney from Minot took up a claim on the west and on the south quarter were Mr. and Mrs. Quam from Pekin, North Dakota, His best neighbor and friend was Wade Williamson, cornering "Doc's" quarter on the southwest. S. Hankin's land joined his on the northwest. Finally every quarter of land in the township was taken and cabins had sprung up all over the countryside. Their lamplights at night gave "Doc" a lift and he finally fell in love with the place and the people around him. The cabins were filled with women and children, single men and young women from all walks of life, In 1915, while travelling for the Hoist Publishing Company, I pur­ chased a relinquishment, also in Banner Township, and built a small

— 90 The "Pay-off" William F. Kautt, Frank Lindstrom, Elmer Hovey, Court Shubert home. I spent time there in both the spring and fall looking after my crops with my old friend, Gus Giesie, as my operator on a cash basis. In 1915 my farm yielded 26 bushels to the acre of blue stem wheat, my best crop until 1926 which practcically doubled my 1915 yield in amber durum. On returning from a fifteen month tour of the European Con­ tinent, I arrived in Parshall on August 26, 1962, and was overjoyed at the beauty of the Autumn harvest. Across the Dakota Prairie was a crop so vast that in the earlier days the farmer, without his modern equipment of today, would have been asking the Man above for help in bringing in the sheeves he had so graciously given them. In all my years at Parshall I have never witnessed such broad grins on every­ body's faces—even the dogs had a laugh in their bark! But to return to my reminiscences of the early days, in 1918 I ac­ cepted a position as bookkeeper for the Parshall Farmer's Cooperative Elevator and quit the road as that was the year Pauline, my youngest daughter, was born. I rented the Elmer Hovey house where Ed Nelson now lives. The following year I moved my cabin home in from the farm to Parshall and bought grain for twenty straight years there before I went with the United States Agricultural Department in Minn­ eapolis. Thinking back, one of the funniest stories of my years in Parshall, was about the time I tried to get my daughter Polly to the Northwest Ski Carnival in Minot. In 1936, Minot featured a Northwest Ski and Ice Carnival. Each county elected a queen who was to compete for the Queen of the Carnival in Minot. Polly was elected Queen of Mountrail — 91 — County. The night before the Carnival was to begin, we had one of the most terrific snow storms in our history. All roads were blocked so I told Jessie, my wife, that she and Polly wculd have to take the train to Minot. We went down to the station and waited around until the word came through that there would be "No Train Today". My problem now was to get Polly transported to Minot some how, some way, but it was a $64 question if there ever was one. The lines were still up so I kept the wires hot to Minot and the State Highway Department demanding they open up the roads. They assured me that they were sending out a rotary snow plow, but late in the day I was informed that the snow plow had broken down and had to return to Minot. The next morning we got up and went down to the station again, hoping that the train would come through. No such luck though, the word oame over the wire again "No Train Today" Again I burned up the wires to Minot, but the snow plow was still out of commission. I decided a plane was the only answer and tried to get a plane from Minot or Bismarck. None of the pilots there would take a chance. Then I thought of a friend of mine, Ben Hatfield, in Williston, I called him and he had the guts to try it for a price. I agreed to get out the population to clear off a strip south of the city in the pasture that later became our golf course. With the aid of a hand snow plow pounded together out of plow shears by the local blacksmith and attached to the front of a Ford pickup truck, and a hundred shovels manned by men and boys, we cleared a strip approximately 200 yards long. Then, out of the clouds, came the first airplane ever seen by many of the Parshall kids to land in the deep, soft snow. Jessie, Polly, and I climbed into the small plane and waved goodbye to our friends and helpers. We taxied down the 200 yard runway but the plane didn't take off and ended up in a deep drift at the end. Again the shovels were put to work to dig the plane out of the drift. The pilot advised that we would have to lighten the load so Jessie agreed to stay home. Again we taxied down the runway—and ended up in the snowdrift. The snow was too soft for a take-off. Next I got out and the pilot attempted to take off with just Polly aboard but by this time the plane engine was overheated and the pilot had to give up. We went home to dinner and I told Polly I was sorry that I had failed her. Just then we received a call from Minot saying that the snow plow would reach Plaza by eight o'clock that night. The Carnival officials called to say that they were holding the judging at the opera house for our arrival if we could make it by ten o'clock. The news of Parshall's attempt to get their Queen to the contest was all over the front page of the Minot paper. However, the roads to Plaza were still blocked and getting there took work, courage, speed and combined effort of a lot of friends with muscles. We got a caravan together of men with shovels and literally dug our way to Plaza, arriving around nine p.m. From there we flew through snow banks to Minot at a speed that I have never admitted to anyone. Polly placed second but I think this story a good example of the friendly helpful spirit of the Parshall people.

— 92 — Greetings, Good Luck

AND Much Happiness

TO

PARSHALL — NOW AND ALWAYS

JOHN and MARTHA SCHOLZ

Welcome To Parshall ON ITS 50th Anniversary

We are happy to have a part in extending all a warm welcome.

TED'S LAUNDROMAT TED ZAVALNEY, Prop. PARSHALL, N. DAK.

93 HISTORY OF PAT JONES FAMILY 1919 In the spring of 1916 Patrick Hiram Jones of DeGraff, Minnesota came to Fertile Township to file on a homestead. Pete and Alfred Hilleran, neighbors in Minnesota, also made this trip. That fall, Pat, with the help of Pete Heuer, built a house on the farm now belonging to Rudolph Brendle. When Pat came back to Parshall to build his home, he came by emmigrant car on the Soo Line. He brought his machinery, household furniture, 4 cows and 4 horses at a cost of about $50.00 Mrs. Jones arrived in Parshall on December 20th with four small children. Pat's uncle, Hiram Suydam, had come with her to help with the children. In the spring of 1919 he proved up on his homestead. During these years on the farm Pat and the postmaster, Tom Cooper, had become friends, both being Irish. Torn urged Pat to take the postal exams, which he did on June 12, 1919. He received his appointment on November 18, 1919. A daughter Hazel, was born on November 30th of that year and the family moved into Parshall in December. Pat began his career as mail carrier in January, 1920 with two teams of horses and a sled with a cab on it. For twenty years he carried mail and many students attending school in town, got fresh bread, meat, eggs, milk and cream by way of Pat. Also many a patron got his Copenhagen or she, her yeast of thread with the help of Pat. He passed away in a Bismarck hospital on July 31, 1940 following surgery.. Mrs. Neva Jones still resides in Parshall as do their children, Mrs. Spencer Scheer (Erma), Merle Jones, Kenneth Jones, and Mrs. Robert Spitzer (Hazel) and families. On August 11, 1960, Harley Jones passed away from a heart attack. He was buried in the National Cemetery at Fort Snelling, Minnesota.

ARCHIE SEVERANCES' 1919 I moved to Parshall in the spring of 1919 and operated the Livery Barn which was across the corner from the Berntson Cream Station (Locker Plant). I, also, operated a Dray Line while I lived in Parshall. Our house was just north of the livery barn at that time. I recall a severe snow storm in 1919 while I was driving a school bus which became so severe that I had to walk and lead the horses to deliver the children wherever they had room to accomodate them. This storm was on the 15th of March. After this storm subsided I took two men out tc Berntson's Coal Mine for so many were desperately in need of coal. My next job was a sad, sad mission, for it fell to me to deliver three small caskets to the family home of Gust Wolk whose three little children had frozen to death in attempting to get nome from school. The family moved to Idaho in 1936 and we are now living in California. I haven't been so well of late. Am at present recovering from a hip operation.

— 94 — Sjol's Market in Parshall in the early years. Hans Sjol behind the counter — Nels Sanden in the foreground.

HANS J. SJOLS' 1919 One of our early Parshall merchants, Hans J. Sjol, homesteaded northwest of the present town of Plaza in 1903. Another homesteader, Marie T. Kilen, from Lake Mills, Iowa, also lived in that vicinity. She and Hans Sjol were married March 15, 1906. They lived on the farm until 1916. During that time five of their children, Clara, Alice, Selmer, Helene and Thelma were born. They lived in Minot for a time where Hans worked as a salesman in a garage. A son Julian Melvin was born October 10, 1916 and died in May of 1917. In 1918 the family moved to Van Hook where Hans worked for his brother Thorwald in a meat market, while he was looking for a business of his own. In 1919 Mr. Sjol, in partnership with his brother Carl, bougnt we City Meat Market and a house in Parshall. A cafe occupied the south half of ^e down-town building. After Carl's marriage he sold out to Hans and moved to Max to open a meat market of his own. Twin girls, Anna Louise and Amy Laura were born in Parshall. Amy died soon after birth. In the succeeding years four of the Sjol Brothers operated meat markets in this section of North Dakota. They were: Carl at Max, Flans at Parshall, Thorwald at Van Hook and John at Shell Village, mis trade they learned from their father who supplied some of the larger markets from his place in Sande, Laurvik Amt, Norway. — 95 — For many years the Meat Coolers were chilled with ice. Many of the present Parshall residents will remember the employment fur­ nished during the winter months in cutting, hauling and packing with sawdust in an icehouse behind the store building. Mr. Sjol custom-cured and smoked hams and bacon. He also stuffed sausage for weiners and bologna before curing. Many changes were seen during ind after the quarter of a century that Mr. Sjol was a merchant: great changes in transportation from the horse and buggy, through the Model T, to the diesel locomotive and diesel trucks; from the single wireless between towns to our RTA, the radio and television; from our prairie roads and rutty streets to gravel or pavement in towns and from farm to market and from coast to coast; bulk handling of many goods changed with different merchan­ dising methods, individual packaging and cellophane, home deep freezers and REA. The credit extended by these early merchants helped carry many a farmer through the "dirty thirties" with their poor crops and low prices. The credit remaining on the books of these early merchants was their investment in a growing community and a prosperous and united America. Mr. and Mrs. Sjol and family were members of the First Lutheran Church, where they were active in all departments. Mr. Sjol served on the School Board for 9 years and was also an active member in other community activities. Mr. Sjol passed away January 10, 1947 and Mrs. Sjol on June 10, 1952.

HENRY W. ARVESON'S "SALUTE TO PARSHALL 1919 The citizens of this friendly and enterprising community are this year celebrating the Golden An­ niversary, commemorating the foun­ ding and inception of a city which has stood the test of time through fifty long and rewarding years. We, who are former citizens are happy and proud to join in this glorious celebration. Like the old saying goes, "There is a time and place for everything." The time has come to rejoice and recognize the things that have been important in our lives. Everyone does something, sooner or later, to contribute to the well-being of those around you. It's the good things in life that count. That is why we are inspired and glad over the victories that have been won, over many obstacles, these past 50 years. No one can say that it has been all rosy. There has been plenty of blood, sweat and — 96 See Us

FOR ALL YOUR

Service Station Needs

WAYNE'S FRIENDLY SERVICE

Wayne Peery, Prop. Parshall, N. Dak.

Welcome To Our City ON ITS 50th Anniversary

We will be happy to have you stop in and visit us.

CENTRAL CAFE BUD ZAVALNEY, Prop. PARSHALL, N. D.

— 97 tears over this long period of time. We can be comforted with this thought, "the tougher the battle, the sweeter the victory." Yes, the time has come to get together, renew old acquaintances and remember those that have been called to the Great Beyond. There are no friends like old friends and the time we spent in Parshall, almost 45 years ago, will never be forgotten. In turning the spotlight on myself, will say that I arrived in Parshall, in February of 1919, which was immediately after World War 1. While there I was employed by the First National Bank. I found a thriving city, with 3 banks, 3 general stores, 3 restaurants, 5 or 6 elevators and many other establishments. Oh yes, it is quite a live town. Everything was new except the prairie, and that was being plowed up by the "Homesteaders", for the planting of hard wheat. Those huge Altman- Taylor tractors were really busting up the sod. Soon the buffalo grass was laid low and the new-sown wheat was peeping through. In those early days we would get together for parties and dances during the long winter months. The men would have their "Smokers" which were really card parties and they proved to be very enjoyable. We also, had some road shows that would make our town once in a while. Just after World Was 11, Taxi dances were in style for a short time. This is when you pay 10 cents to dance a dance with the show girls. This was very popular and enjoyable with many eligible bachelors around town. (Would you like to know some of their names?) Baseball was the real sport in the summer time. There was a game every Sunday and on various other occasions when something was going on. Some of the players were: Roy Sund, Ed Kjelstrup, Cecil Kungate, Fred Hankins and myself. The names of the others have slipped my mind, but would remember them if I heard them mentioned. Two of our good supporters and friends were: Rev. Andrews and Rev. Ernett. They fitted in well with the community. Would also like to mention Mr. Soiien in this connection.. He was at the head of the school. Then, I would like to pay my respect to some of the old-timers who I think still live in Parshall. They are Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Hovey, Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Nordbye, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Hankins, Mr. and Mrs. D. E. Rich­ ardson, the Pioneer Merchant, Mr. and Mrs. Bill Solberg and August Haas. Also, many other friends of those bygone days. Besides baseball, I was always very fond of music, especially sacred music, popular songs and folk songs. On one occasion while at Parshall, we attended a dance in a hall south of town. During an intermission we were favored with some special entertainment. It was a vocal solo by that ever-popular young man, Edgar Kjelstrup. He sang that in­ spiring and beloved song "The Holy City". It sure made an impression on the audience. The sentiments expressed in that lovely, sacred number would guide us confidently over the yars that lie ahead. Best Wishes to All! Henry W. Arveson.

Few of the things that comes to the man who waits are the things he has been looking for. — 98 — Welcome To The CITY OF PARSHALL'S 50th Anniversary

We Too Are Celebrating Our 50th

AND ARE HAPPY TO HAVE A PART IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY AND ITS TRADE AREA. WE EXTEND YOU A CORDIAL INVITA­ TION TO VISIT OUR MODERN BANKING FACILITIES.

PEOPLES STATE BANK Parshall, North Dakota

— 99 — AMELIA WOESSNER 1914 Mrs. Amelia Woessner's family originally came from the Harvey, N. Dak. area and settled in the Epworth territory. Her father, Knute Settra, operated a coal mine in that vicinity. Amelia's brother Charles had bought a relin- guishment in the Epworth neighborhood prior to 1914, hence the reason for the family getting out in this area. Clara Settra, a sister of Amelia's had homesteaded 1 and one half miles northeast of Parshall and the homestead shack from Epworth was moved to this location. The shack is now permanently located at the south end of Parshall's Main Street, where it is being set up as an attraction for Par- shall's 50th Anniversary in true homestead fashion. The late William Sellers bought the house from Clara Settra, and his daughter gave it to the City of Parshall after her father's death in 1962. Amelia recalls the time that her mother joined the Lutheran Ladies Aid here in Parshall in 1914. Jacob Vig and Amelia Woessner were married in 1917 and they lived 6 miles east and one-half mile north of Parshall. Two sons were born to them, namely, Alvin who is married and lives in Minneapolis. Kenneth, also mar­ ried, lives in Grand Forks. Mr. Vig became a victim of the flu in 1920 and passed away at that time. In 1926 George Richler and Amelia Vig were married. Amelia tells of one rather interesting incident happening at the Richter home. Amelia's two sons were trying to persuade the step-father and their mother to take them to their cabin at Detroit Lakes for an outing, but the hesitancy of the step-father resulted in words between them. He finally saying, "Well, what does the wind blow down there?", to which one of the boys replied, Right toward the cabin." In 1945 Amelia Vig Richter and Gene Woessner married and lived on A- melias farm until 1952 when Mr. Woessner passed away. Amelia sold most of her interests here later and tried living near the son, Alvin, in Minneapolis, but the adjustment to city life did not materialize and she came back to Parshall where she now makes her home on 1st Street S.E. Amelia prefers the wide-open spaces of North Dakota, likes her friends in Parshall and maintains that Parshall will always be home. Amelia does have some trouble with asthma and says she is more comfortable here than any other place she has been. Mrs. Woessner has 6 grand children and 2 step grand children.

THE RULE OF THREE Three things to govern: Temper, Tongue, Conduct. Three things to love: Courage, Gentleness, Affection. Three things to hate: Cruelty, Arrogance, Ingratitude. Three things to wish for: Health, Friends, A Cheerful Spirit. Three things to fight for: Honor, Country, Home. Author Unknown. — 100 — JOHN W. JONES' 1915 John W. Jones was born in Pum- pienp Carmarthun Shire, Wales, in 1879 and came to the United States with his parents when an infant. The family lived in Wales, Wise. Mr. Jones was an early arrival in this area, coming to Mountrail County in 1906, where he homestead- ed in Wayzetta Township. Mr. Jones married Miss Lydia M. Evans in 1916 at Wild Rice, Wis­ consin. As a young man, Mr. Jones spent several years teaching in schools in Minnesota, South Dakota, and finally in Mountrail County in North Dakota. At different times, Mr. and Mrs. Jones lived in Parshall for a while, and then they would locate at the farm site. Mrs. Jones was an asthma victim and went through periods when she was most uncomfortable. While at Parshall, Mr. Jones was manager of the Farmers Store for many years, and he served as clerk from time to time in several of the other stores here in town. He was, also, Postmaster for several years. He was a member of the Farmers Union Board and, also, served on the Farmers Union Elevator Board. Records show that he was a mem­ ber of the Wayzetta School Board for several years. Mr. and Mrs. Jones were both members of the Congregational Church. The Joneses had one adopted daughter (Mrs. Carol Bolkan) of Paler­ mo. Carol is a graduate of Parshall High School. The Bolkan's live on the Jones homestead. In 1960, Mr. and Mrs. Jones retired from farming and at that time they moved to Wild Rice, Wisconsin, where Mrs. Jones passed away after a time. Mr. Jones died on December 20, 1963, and was buried by his wife's side at Wild Rice, Wisconsin.

"My fellow Americans: Ask not what your country can do for you - ask what you can do for your country. My fellow citizens of the world; ask not what American will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man." John F. Kennedy

A heap o'sun an' shadder, an' ye sometimes have t' roam. It takes a heap o' livin' in a house t'make it home. Afore ye really 'predate the things ye lef behind, An' hunger fer'e, somehow with 'em alius on yer mind. —Edgar A. Guest. — 101 — FRED PROPPS* 1921 Fred Propp came to Parshall in 1921 with a breaking outfit consist­ ing of a Titan engine, ten plows, cook car, a wagon with a 500 gallon gas tank, two drills, a harrow, a packer, two wagons and one horse with a top buggy. One amusing incident relative to this move was the fact that the horse ran away with the buggy and about twelve quart bottles of beer which was their first loss. The group came overland from Tolley with the breaking rig pulling the wagons, gas tank, drills and cook car and the trip took two days. They did have the sport of killing a big badger which was on the road. Fred homesteaded three miles northwest of Parshall in 1912 and went right to work breaking up the land. He worked quarters of land within a radius of ten miles all around Parshall in some form or another. He helped build the first telephone line in to Parshall, Wabek and Elbowoods. He helped with the moving of several of the buildings from the crossing southeast of the present city to the present location.

HpPl ^^*^B VOTE FOR I ''-•• v-~. I «gsfflj Fred WR Propp Candidate For Re-election FOR mm ;• -•' ' '. ' - ' :

'%. -flfldifliRTsSBi SBP^ ;'^^B HH Clerk of Court H &L MR Prompt, Efficient, Courteous mam' *wk Service

Pol. Adv. Spon. and I '&. for By Fred W. Propp

Campaign Cards Used By Fred Propp

He served as assessor for Parshall Township for 10 years. Was then elected County Commissioner, a position which he served for four years. At that time he moved to Raub where he purchased a store which he operated for 11 years. He sold out during the "dry thirties" and went to work for McLean County as Road Patrolman, and served in that capacity for four years at which time he was elected Clerk of Court in McLean County, a position which he held for 29 years. Due to the loss of population in McLean County to below 15,000, the Clerk of Court's office was consolidated with that of the County Judge. — 102 — Mr. Propp also served as treasurer of the First Lutheran Church in Washburn for several years. In 1920 he married Ellen Nelson of Niobe, North Dakota. This union was blessed with six children, three boys and three girls. They now have 14 grandchildren and three great grandchildren. Fred tells us that he has enjoyed the ups and downs of life in gen­ eral. He apprciated the various Parshall contacts and hasn't found any­ place throughout his various jaunts that he likes any better than Parshall.

SAM DRABLOS' 1922 Sam Drablos came to Parshall in 1922 from Elbowoods where he had been serving as Postmaster and storekeepr there to take over the oil business of the International Oil Company in this city, of which a Mr. H. M. Wilson of Minot was then president. Prior to that, the old buildiing had been destroyed by fire so Sam initiated the new building for his business and managed this until In­ ternational Oil was sold to White Eagle Oil Co. In 1925 Sam Drablos and Miss Mildred Cronholm of Minneapolis were married at Minot in a double wedding cermony with Ed Nelson and Margaret Colclough. Both famiies have continued to live in Parshall all of their married lives and they do get together yearly to reminisce. The Drablos' are the parents of two fine children, Mrs. Jack Fair- brother (Betty) who lives with her family at Towner, N. D., and Capt. Donald Drablos who lives with his wife at Rapid City, S. D., where he is stationed in the Air Force. Al Thorson was a partner of Sam's in the oil business for several years and after a period of time the White Eagle Co was absorbed by the Socony-Mobil. Mr. Drablos's time working with the oil business extended over a period of twenty years. Sam retired after reaching retirement age but continues to live in Parshall. Mildren has worked as clerk in the Drug Store for many years and has earned fcr herself a record of patience and dependability while serving the public. The Drablos's recall many pleasant memories and a few not so welcome as everyone does. They recall the 3-day blizzard with no train or mail service for weeks at a time. The dust storms of the "dirty thirties" which tore at the hearts of everyone. The devastating fires which relentlessly destroyed holdings of land-owners from time to time. But, all in all, those early, pleasant memories of times in Parshall and on the old North Dakota prairies, with it's picturesque scenes at dif­ ferent times of the year are treasures very dear to the hearts of both Mildred and Sam, and they are happy to have had a small part in Parshall's growth.

"Dear Teacher," wrote an indignant mother, "you must not whack Johnny. He is a delicate child and isn't used to it. We never hit him at home, except in self defense." 103 OLIVER JOHNSONS' 1922 We, Oliver and Lulu Johnson came to the Parshall vicinity in 1922. Oliver worked at various jobs including the Peterson Ranch, Bloom Elevator, Carmody Dray line and the Steven's Farm. In 1924 we moved to Parshall, where Oliver worked for C. E. Shubert on the City Dray Line. In 1925 he worked at the Farmers Elevator under It. 0. Torgerson. Lulu taught schools in the community including Spring Valley, Banner and Model School east of town. In the fall of 1925 she cooked in John Stall's cook car with Dorothy Benson as helper. We attended and worshiped in the Lutheran Church. The big snow storm of May 9, 1927 will never be forgotten. One couldn't get down through Main Street that day! In 1928 we left Parshall to manage an elevator at Glenfield, N. Dak. Later, we went west and are now living in Vancouver, Wash. We have many nice memories of the "Good Ole Days" and friends we've cherished down through the years.

NELS MELANDS' 1923 Nels Meland moved to Parshall in April, 1923, and for a time lived in a house which Bon Bart had lived in. Then, he built a new home which he sold to Martin Bohenstingl just prior to his leaving in 1925. Mr, Meland was manager of the Erickson-Hellickson-Vye Lumber Yard for a time. The Melands' two older children were born while they lived in Parshall, Marline and Donald. They now have their own lumber yard at Northwood and Larimore.

CARL MONSONS' 1923 On Feb. 12, 1923 Carl Monson was ready to take the train to Parshall to establish a grocery store. But, this trip was delayed until Feb. 22, 1923, because of a three day blizzard, one of the good, old-fashioned kind that caused the branch line (Soo Line) to be blocked for ten days. When the first train to get through after the storm arrived at Parshall in the wee hours of the morning Carl was on that train. There were many passengers and the entire train was loaded to capacity getting badly needed supplies, mail, etc. to it's destination. The opening date for the grocery store was March 9, 1923 and Carl operated a Cream Station in connection with the store. He bought cream for the North American Creamery Company of Paynesville, Minnesota. June 25, 1923, Mr. Monson married Alice Maxwell Bryan of Min­ neapolis, Minnesota. They had one son, Maxwell who is married and lives in Brainard, Minn. He has one son, Michael. The Monsons' continued in business until failing health forced their retirement, Sept. 3, 1951. They then moved to Minot where Carl passed away on October 15, 1957. — 104 — 1923 GEORGE VOLIMAS' George Volimas came to Parshall in the early 1920's. George Volimas and Esther Huseby were married in 1930 in Minot. They are the parents of three children: George Jr., John and Mary Ellen. John passed away in 1962. The Volimas' have six grandsons; Mark, John Jr., and Gregory, who 'live in St. Paul with their mother the former Theresa Kohls of Parshall. Jeffrey, Craig and Dwight live with their parents in California.

P. C. TOMPERS' 1923 Curly and Hazel Tompers and their three small daughters arrived in Parshall in the spring of 1923. The children were Geraldine, Mary and Dorothy. Mr. Tompers was employed as a barber by Homer Gage and the shop was located in the Barth Pool Hall at that time. Mrs. Tompers is a nurse and worked for many years with Dr. Frogner. During the years there were four sons added to the Tompers family; Albert, Clem, Rodney and Richard. In 1944 the family left and moved to Garrison, North Dakota. Geraldine served as an Army Nurse in World War II in England. Albert, also served in World War II in the European Theater. Clem served 5l/z years in the U, S. Navy spending most of the time in the United States. Rodney served in the Army of Occupation in Japan. Mr. Tompers passed away in 1948. All the family are married, giving Mrs. Tompers seventeen grandchildren. At present Mrs. Tompers lives in Minot with Mary and two grand­ daughters.

H. A. JACOBS' 1924 I came to Parshall in 1924 and was there until the "dirty thirties" chased me out in 1938. During my time there I was one of the busy grain buyers as the Parshall elevators did a booming business. One year we handled over a million and a half bushels. Then the dry years put an end to that boom! And, to my job! There was lots of spare time in those years so 1 did some sharp­ ening, built two or three trailers and one of them came to be our home for a long time. When my job petered out so there was no more pay

— 105 — check and nothing to do we sold our home for about a third of what it cost us, paid our back taxes, had an auction, hooked our trailer to the old gas-eater and pulled for the south. The first years of our trailer-fanning wasn't any boomer either, but we made a good living. Better times came again and we finally built the small house on our acre and happy days are here again. We live one mile east of good old Aurora, Missouri, near the busy Highway 60. We are happy. We made a good move. By and by, the crops came through up that way again and the people that were able to stay there, also, did very well. Good crops, good prices for the grain. The trailer that I built there, just before our time to leave, was one of the first house trailer to wheel in that part of the North. Soon after that the Covered Wagon Co., came out with a trailer. Time does move, move too fast. Now we are great grand parents. Our Priscilla has five lovely children and is making a go of their Motel in Powell, Wyoming. Her husband passed away in 1962. Hope that all goes well so that we will get to see you when the big celebration is on in Parshall in 1964, We will be looking forward to that.

FRANK WARDEN RODGERS 1920 Frank Warden Rodgers, well known Parshall publisher and printer came to Parshall in 1920 from Stanley, North Dakota where he had been managing the Stanley Sun. Born July 14, 1867 at Chetak, Wisconsin and reared there, he became a school teacher and principal before entering the printing business. He came to North Dakota in 1908 and took charge of a school at Dogden, North Dakota, now called Butte. He also taught school in South Dakota. In 1912 he established a newspaper at Wildrose, North Dakota which was called the Plainsman. Rodgers then moved his plant to Parshall where in 1920 he resumed publication of the Plainsman. He continued as editor and publisher of the Plainsman until he was hurt at Parshall when struck by a bicycle. On May 28, 1942, he disposed of his interest in Parshall. In April, 1938, Williiam Langer, then Governor of North Dakota appointed Rodgers as an honorary colonel on his staff. He passed away in Minot June 12, 1943.

D. C. DARRINGTON 1921 D. C. Darrington came to Plaza in March 1908 from Iowa, where he had looked after his father's farming interests. He lived in Plaza for two years and filed on a claim in 1912. He remained on the homestead until 1916 when he moved into Parshall and continued to farm until 1922. He went to work for Erickson-Hellickson-Vye Company in 1921 and was • appointed manager in 1924. He remained in that capacity until the company sold out in 1951 At the present time he is City Police Magistrate and has been City Assessor for a number of years. - 106 — Congratulations PARSHALL

ON YOUR 50th Anniversary

We're Glad We're Here! Mr. & Mrs. Einar Haugen

107 LAWRITZ LYSON Lawritz Lyson was born in 1863. Olivia Arneson was born in 1872 and they were married in 1889 at Elizabeth, Minnesota. Both of these people were born in Norway and come to the United States with their parents as small children. Lawritz Lyson's homesteaded in the Palermo area in 1890 and moved to Parshall in the summer of 1915. They built a cafe building that summer which stood where the present Harry Pal's building is and which was burned in that furious, tragic fire that hit Parshall in the early years. In 1926 the family built a new home which is now owned by John Gillespie. Mr. and Mrs. Lyson were the parents of eight children, several of whom are deceased. Mr. Lyson passed away in 1927 and Mrs. Lyson in 1922. One son, Oscar, who was born at Hankinson, N. Dak., came to Parshall and remained to make it his home.

GEORGE W. NULPHS* George W. Nulph was born in 1857. Lena Cook was born in 1867 and they were married in 1884. They came to Parshall in the spring of 1923. Mr. Nulph spent some time working at the John Ferris Coal Mine and worked at odd jobs around the town. Mrs. Nulph worked in the Bendell Cafe, the Kothe Cafe and spent considerable time doing practical nursing. They were members of the Congregational Church. Their home which stood on the present site of the Oscar Lyson home was destroyed by fire in 1925. They were the parents of seven children, namely: William, Ray, Clarence, Hazel, Ina, Vida and Marvin. Mr. Nulph passed away in 1953. and Mrs. Nulph in 1941. Daughter Vida married Oscar Lyson and has lived in Parshall since that time.

OSCAR LYSONS' 1924 Oscar Lyson and Vida Nulph were married in July of 1924 at Stanley, N. Dak. Mr. Lyson worked in the Williamson Coal Mine some time and for the past 35 years he has worked for the Soo Line Section Crew. Mrs. Lyson worked at the Dilly Drive-in and also worked for Walt Knutson when he owned the Drive-in. Mrs. Lyson is a charter member of the Army Mothers' Post No. 8 of Parshall. The Lyson's are members of the First Lutheran Church of Par- shall and Mr, Lyson has served as it's janitor for several years. Mr. and Mrs. Lyson are the parents of 13 children, Mrs. William Werlinger (Olivia), Parshall, N. Dak, Harlan who serves on the Police Force in Bismarck, N. Dak. Bruce who works in the Parshall area. Junior whose address is unknown at the present time. Mrs. Duane Edwards (Virginia), Camp Rucker, Alabama. — 108 — Herbert who is the High School Principal at Hunter, N. Dak. Perry who is at present a high school teacher at Walhalla, N.Dak. Stanley who serves on the Police Force at Williston, N. Dak. Mrs. James Akers (Gwendolyn) Couer d'Alene, Idaho. Mrs. Eric Jager, Jr., (Nita Kay), Glasgow, Montana. Roland is enrolled in Minot State College, Minot, N. Dak. Royal is attending High School in Parshall. Russell Clarence passed away while still an infant. The entire group of children with the exception of the last three listed are all married and in homes of their own. Mr. and Mrs, Lyson are grand parents to 38 children.

•S^-'-'-'-JN**—--

Active Methods of Commerce Across the Missouri

H. C. LINDSTROMS' 1924 The "Hank" Lindstrom family came to Parshall from Underwood in May, 1924, when he began his duties as Depot Agent for the Soo Line here. He continued in that capacity until ill health forced his retire­ ment in Aug. 1959. During his stay here, he served as City Auditor for a time and also as clerk of the School Board for a number of years. He was active in the Civic Association and the Golf Club. Two daughters were born to Hank and Echo. Betty, who is Mrs. Ivan Avery, lives with her family on a farm south of Parshall. Marilyn is Mrs. Art Moerke and she and her family live in Harvey, N. Dak. Both girls completed their grade and high school education here in Parshall. Betty is a graduate nurse and graduated from Abbott Hospital in Min­ neapolis. When Hank retired, he and Mrs. Lindstrom moved to Harvey, where Echo still makes her home. Mr. Lindstrom passed away August 22, 1960. — 109 — Great Plains Supply Co.

Parshall, North Dakota

Everything to Build Anything

Free Estimates

: • • n 1 i. : i' 1

Visit Our Movable Homes

Phone 862-4141 Lawrence Theil, Local Mgr.

110 R. 0. T0RGERS0NS' 1925

Mr. and Mrs. R. O. Torgerson

Robert 0. Torgerson was born in Norcross, Grant Co. Minnesota in 1886. As a young man he ran a grain elevator at Hereford, Minnesota in 1907 for 5 years. Robert Torgerson and Anna Berg were married in 1908. In the spring of 1912 they moved to Beardsley, Minnesota, and worked in a hardware store there until they got the urge to file on a home­ stead out in North Dakota which they did in 1913 near Raub, N. Dak. They lived on the farm for 12 years and then decided to move to Parshall to get better accommodations for educating their children. At this time, Mr. Torgerson took over the management of the Farmers Elevator which he continued to operate for 19 years. He then entered into the Implement Business in 1944 dealing with th Minneapolis-Moline line of machinery. He also, farmed and is farming at the present time. The Torgerson's have a nice home in Parshall. They are the parents of three children, Mrs. A. C. Horn (Irene) of Anchorage, Alaska; Ray of Parshall; Mrs. D. B. Debertin (Louise) of Blue River, Oregon. They have 2 grand children. — Ill — R. O. Torgerson Seeding on the Lease

W. C. McGARVEYS' 1925 Wm. C. McGarvey came to Parshall, N. Dak., in 1925 from Brins- made, N. Dak. He worked for R. A. Nordbye as bookkeeper in 1925 and 1926. He also played ball on the local ball team for several years. In 1926 he took over the Standard Filling Station and managed that till 1928, when he went to work for Cooper-Brower Hardware as bookkeeper. In 1931 he took over the mail route extending into the Raub area and has served continually in that capacity since. Many vouch at Mac's persistence in driving Model A's year after year on his mail route before roads were what they are today. Mac was looking for cars with height to enable him to buck the snow better when roads were rough and the weather was tough. In those times there was too much snow to shovel but the mail had to go through, and through with it, Mac went! In 1928, Mac McGarvey and Adelaide Tangedahl were married in Minot. They are the parents of two children. Adele (Babe) — Mrs. Tracy Koenig who lives at Lewistown, Penn­ sylvania. Wm. Jr., who is teaching school at Watsonville, California. The McGarveys have six grand children. Parshall will always be home to the McGarveys. Addie and Mac always have taken a keen interest in community activities of the day, have been very active in the Congregational Church, and probably the high spot of their lives is locking forward to the visits of their grand children in the summer time, when their lovely home and surrounding yard provides much for growing children. They spend considerable time studying bird lore and their beautiful lawn and trees continually show the McGarveys' interest in accomo­ dating the birds. Mac and Addie are both ardent fishermen. — 112 — A. C. PLANTINGS' 1926 When the Soo Line Railroad extended their lines to Max and on west to Sanish, I heard that business was very good so decided to take a trip out that way and see for myself. I had a cousin who was teaching school in Douglas and upon asking his advice he told me to go to Parshall. I arrived there in 1926. There I found that the Farmers Store was for sale and I made a deal with them but had to take over their remaining stock. I made a deal with C. P. Kjelstrup for the Damchen house so I could have living accomodations for my family. I then returned to Brins- made which had been my former home to dispose of my property there which I didn't care to take back to Parshall with me. The first week that I was in Parshall I was invited to a meet­ ing of the Civil Association and the boys started talking about organ­ izing a baseball team. I was asked if I could make contacts with a good batter. I knew of Sam Bennett and Bill Darke, two negroes who we had in Brinsmade, who were no longer there. After some cor­ responding I got in touch with Sam who was then in St. Louis and who know of a real good pitcher who had played with the St. Louis Colored League. Parshall went to work getting up donations to pay their transportation here. In due time they arrived. We immediately went to work getting a ball diamond into shape and in one week's time we had a game scheduled with Minot. Our little pitcher, Logan Hasley, pitched a dandy game and we beat Minot 5 to 0. That set us up in business pretty well so we were easily able to schedule games with other towns like Sanish, Minot, Kenmare, Bismarck and several traveling teams. We had a lot of spcrt, furnished a lot of entertainment and came out $300.00 ahead at the close of the season. This was in 1927. I had been hired manager of the team so was pretty busy keeping games lined up. The next year most of the towns were hiring salaried players, so we had to do the same. We had a pretty good team but several of our scheduled traveling teams were rained out, SJ financially we fell behind a little that season. Made some of the loss up whan we had a big game scheduled with Bismarck on July 4th, 1928. On the morning of the 4th we played the Penitentiary for Which we only received $60.00 as that was all that they could pay. We played two games with Bismarck in the afternoon and evening and cleaned up a little over $800.00 for the day. That really put Parshall on the map! After 1928 we continued to play ball locally and did very good until the dry years came in the late '30's. If there was anything to eat the grasshoppers took it so the farmers were without feed. The Government took all the nice cattle and paid the farmers $20.00 per head as there was nothing else they cculd do. In these hard times the WPA furnished work for people and paid them about $25.00 par month fcr themselves and their families. Rationing came in to being and you had to have stamps for about everything you bought. I had to spend my Sundays counting stamps for my orders fcr the next week in my stcre. In the early '40's the rains began to coir.e so we ba^an to get crops — 113 — Congratulations To A Fine City On Their 50th Anniversary

•

The Union National Bank In Minot

Congratulations TO THE CITY OF PARSHALL On Your 50th Anniversary %£% Minot, North Dakota "Just the best in Men's Wear"

— 114 — again. Business began to pick up and gradually things were getting back to normal again. In 1941 I joined the Red Owl Organization and that was the best turn I ever made, for I started making a little money again. In 1945, I sold my Parshall interest to a Mr. Paul Nolting who was the Red Owl supervisor. In the fall of that year Mrs. Planting and I took a trip east to visit relatives and friends. Did quite a bit of traveling in the southern states, and were ont to California. I bought an 8-unit Court out there which I sold after a couple of years, then bought a 6-unit Apartment House which I later sold to Elmer Hovey. Did some more traveling about that time, all up and down the western coast visiting re­ latives and just enjoying ourselves in general. We spent sometime with our daughter Alma who is going to Business College in Spokane. We were very glad to make yearly contacts in Parshall. Mrs. Planting passed away August 31, 1962. I made a couple of trips to North Dakota alone but that bothered me as the weather was too hot. I did make one mere complete trip to the West and down the coast but after returning to Minnesota I decided it was time to sell the car. I bought myself a little elecric car and it is the handiest little thing for my use that I've ever had. I can go to market, to church, visit my friends close by, go down town once in a while and can drive on the sidewalks. I'm now living in an Old Peoples Home in Norwalk, California. I am nearly 86 years old and am happy to be here. In the 19 years that I lived in Parshall we shared much joy and we feel deeply grateful for having had the opportunity to have walked with our friends in Parshall on the Highway of Life. Every person we meet and associate with leaves an impression on our lives in some way and I know I have gained by knowing you all and participating in the Christian Fellowship that was such an outstanding feature among our friends in Parshall. I am sorry that I cannot be with you for your Fiftieth Anniversary. My thoughts and prayers will be with you always and I would deeply appre­ ciate being remembered by all my friends in Parshall. I hope your cele­ bration will be a great success. Yours very truly, A. J. Planting. Editor's Note — Mr. Planting passed away in August 1962.

C. W. AUNGERS' 1926 We moved to Parshall, N. Dak., in February of 1926 and I was manag­ ing officer of the People's State Bank until it was absorbed by the First National Bank of Parshall in 1929. In July of that year I was employed by the First National Bank until it was closed in 1931. I then, worked for the Receiver, Mr. Robert M. Crighton until the spring of 1935. We had charge of six National Banks in our office there. When I came to Parshall I remodeled a building owned by the People's State Bank into a residence. This was located back of the - 115 — d

DICK DAVIS' GATEWAY LANES Salutes Parshall on her 50th Anniversary

WE VISITED PARSHALL. WE LIKED WHAT WE SAW. WE DECIDED TO MAKE IT OUR HOME.

We are proud to be a part of this progressive and energetic community.

— 116 Catholic Church. I lived there until I purchased a residence located two blocks east of the Westlie-Nordbye Garage, and we lived there until I left the city the summer of 1935. While I was in Parshall I served as a member of the Town Council, Secretary of the Fire Department, Clerk of the School Board and took part in other civic affairs. I retired in December of 1957 and we have moved to Florida as we wanted to be closer to our children. Francille, our daughter is married and has two boys. They live at Charlston, South Carolina. They are about 450 miles from here. Our son, Robert and family live at San Francisco, California, where he had recently been transferred from Ft. Pierce, Florida. They have two sons. From information we have received from our many friends in Par- shall, there has been many changes since we left, many improvements have been made, public as well as private, remarkable recovery has been made since the setback suffered during the "dirty thirties". Hope to be seeing you for your celebration!

JAMES J. CONNOLLY 1926 Jams J. Connolly came to Parshall from Douglas, N. Dak., in Feb­ ruary, 1926 to work with C. P. Kjelstrup and Lawrence Flatness in the Farmers Exchange Bank. He recalls the Shubert Brothers in the oil business, Jimmy Herbert in the restaurant, Curley Tompers the speed demon barber, Ben Lynn and Art Holm in th First National Bank, Oscar Fuglie and Thompson in the People's State Bank; the Sanden General Store, The 0. K. Cafe, the Parshall Paper and the Hotel all on the west side of the street. The Theatre, Ford Garage, Farmers Exchange Bank, George and Nelse Confectionary, Tom Cooper Hardware Store, Parshall Toggery and the Postoffice on the East side of the street. The summer of 1926 I can recall some of the baseball players on the Parshall team, Ade Lungow, the pitcher from St. Olaf College, Mac McGarvey and Christ Anderson, Joy Kline in the outfield, Roy Sund on third base to name a few and D. V. Poland served as manager. My best recollections are of the fine hunting we got in the fields south of Parshall in the late fall when the green head mallards came through. Sometimes I had Guy R. Thompson from Bismarck with me, C. P. Kjelstrup, Mac McGarvey and the Corrigan boys from Stanley, N. Dak. Well do I recall the Worlds Series between St. Louis and the Yankees. Babe Ruth and Roger Hornsby were in their prime in those days and how we hung around the radio listening to the broadcast from the Banker's Life at Des Moines, Iowa. I remember how Guy Thompson and myself lost our shirts betting on Jack Dempsey to defeat Gene Tunney in their first fight. We were betting two to one on Dempsey and how Tom Cooper ribbed us on that one. Although 1926 was a very dry year and the crops were poor the community was noted far and wide for it's wheat production. I left Parshall for Coleharbor, N. Dak., in mid December, 1926. — 117 — PETER HEUERS' 1927

Mr. and Mrs. Peter Heuer. Married Aug. 11, 1907 Peter Heuer was born in Dysart, Iowa and grew to manhood in that state. He filed on a homestead in Fertile Township in the fall of 1912. He married Maude Lauman in 1907, also an Iowan, and came to the Parshall area with his wife and daughter Ida in the spring of 1913. The family lived with Pete's brother, Fritz Heuer in Plaza when they first came to North Dakota until a homestead shack could be built on the claim. This job took about two weeks. The Heuer Brothers, Hermann, Peter and John, all homesteaded in this area at the same time. The Heuers recall driving to and from Plaza for groceries by team and wagon, the trip taking an entire day each way. Peter Heuer always did carpenter work, cement work or moving of buildings in connection with his farming until 1927 when he discontinued the farming operations and moved directly into Parshall. To Pete Heuer goes the credit for building the first Postoffice in Parshall in 1914, of which David Larin served as first postmaster. He recalls having worked on almost every business place in town from — 118 — time to time in those early years until just a few years ago either alter­ ing or making improvements as needed to meet the expanding public as the city grew and flourished. In 1941, Mrs. Heuer passed away after a lengthy illness. In 1949, Peter Heuer married Berniece Johnston of Primghar, Iowa and they have continued to live in Parshall since that time. In 1951 Pete established a Harness and Shoe Repair Shop near his present home in northeast Parshall which he has continued to operate, until ill health necessitated discontinuance of the business in 1963. While visiting with Pete he tells us that he was the person who brought the first mail bags from Plaza to Parshall by horse and wagon. He recalled with much interest the recollection of his first visitor at the homesite in the person of Arthur Hedberg, Sr., a young man at that time who was wearing long curls .and the sight of this man coming toward their shack riding a horse from over the hills aroused quite some concern at the time. When Mr. Hedberg came the second time he no longer bore the curls and the Heuers didn't recognize him.

JOE E. LOHMANS' 1928 Mr. and Mrs. Joe E. Lohman came to Parshall in the fall of 1928 from Bassivane, Manitoba, Canada where Mr. Lohman was employed by the Great Northern Railroad as a depot agent. In Parshall, they bought into the store business with a sister and a brother-in-law of Mrs. Lohman's, namely Mr. and Mrs. Walter Anders- gard. Here they purchased the store, then owned by Mr. and Mrs. Nels Sanden. After some years had gone by they purchased the remaining interest in the business from the Andersgard's and then continued to operate a General Merchandise Store known as "Lohman's Store". The Lohman's were the parents of two children, William and Helen. Helen is married to Lloyd Grove and they are the parents of three child­ ren: Billy Joe, Judy and Renea. The Grove's live in rural Parshall. Mr. Lohman was born at Red Wing, Minnesota in 1895 and grew to manhood at McHenry, North Dakota. He was a veteran of World War I. Mrs. Lohman (Alma Scheer) was born at Hamberg, North Dakota and was married to Mr. Lohman in 1919 at New Rockford, North Dakota. Mrs. Lohman passed away at her home in Parshall in 1946 and Mr. Lohman passed away in the Veteran's Hospital in Minot in 1960. Both are interred at Parshall.

JOHN SCHOLZ' 1929 John J. Scholz was born at Meyers Grove, Minnesota. The family moved to the Park Rapids area when John was just a small boy. He is the oldest son and is of a family of eight children. John came to Plaza in 1920 with the idea of looking for work. Being interested in the mechanical line he hired out to Robert Rasmussen of the Raub area as an engineer where he operated a large breaking outfit. After the season's work came to a close he returned to Minnesota, but the yen for this area drew him back again within a year. — 119 — In 1921 he purchased a garage in Raub, from Lynch and Whitson and operated same until disposing of his interests to Clarence (Doc) Woiwode in 1928. John then mover to Parshall early in the year of 1929. John Scholz and Madelon Foster of Underwood. No. Dak., were married in 1923, at Elbowoods, N. Dak. Their three children, John Jr., who is at present teaching chemistry in the University of Nebraska, Mrs. R. W. Hjelmstad (Mary Jo) who lives at Billings, Montana and Morris, stationed at Fairbanks Alaska, and who serves in the Air Force, are all graduates of Parshall High School. John has five grandchildren. Madelon Scholz passed away in 1947. For several years John worked as a mechanic for R. A. Nordbye, but went into business for himself in 1944. Since that time he owns and operates the Scholz Magneto Service located on First Street in Parshall. John has always been known for his dependable work in mechanical lines and for his punctuality in connction with his business. In 1953 he married Martha Matheny Woiwode of Raub, N. Dak. Martha's two children, Paul and Jean Woiwode are both married and in homes of their own. Paul lives in Kent, Washington and Jean Blilie lives in Houston, Texas. Martha has two grand children in Wash­ ington. The Scholz' are both active members in the Congregational Church in Parshall. Martha is a retired school teacher, having 26 years of experience in rural, consolidated and graded schools, to her credit, all in the western half of the state.

Erickson - Hellickson - Vye Lumber Company Office Oscar Risan, Peter Heuer and Dave Darrington — 120 — THE LERBERGS' 1931 Emil and Gladys Lerberg and their son Gary came to Parshall in 1931 when Emil became the cashier of the People's State Bank, which had ceased business in 1929 after selling out to the First National Bank. The People's State Bank did not relinquish its charter, hence a little over two years after disposing of its assets to the First National, the People's State was back in business, and a poorer time for reactivating a bank could hardly be imagined, with the poor crops preceding 1931 and the many that followed. The Lerbergs have all been active in church and civic affairs. Emil served as Clerk, Treasurer and President of the school district, also served as city alderman and for many years as city treasurer. He serves as Legion Finance Officers and for nearly a quarter of a century as treasurer of the Congregational Church. Gladys has served in many capacities in the church; President of the ladies aid, Sunday school superintendent for many years, director of daily Vacation Bible School, and treasurer of the Ladies Aid for over twenty years.

AL BOYCE 1932 The Boyce's came to Parshall from Underwood in 1932 and left here again in 1937. They have lived in Missoula since. Their two children have grown up.

MRS. MARY McIIATTIE 1937 The McIIatties did not move to Parshall until 1937 but Mrs. Mc- Hattie did file on a homestead on the Fort Berthold Reservation in 1913. She taught school in the area for several years while proving up on her homestead and then was gone from the territory for a time. She returned in 1922 and taught at Mountrail School. Mr. and Mrs. McIIattie were married in 1923 and lived on his farm south of Plaza until they moved to Parshall. Mr. McIIattie passed away in 1939, but the family continued to live in Parshall until Mrs. McIIattie moved to Harvey, North Dakota, to be with her daughter, Margie and family. Marlys, an invalid daughter, passed away in 1945, and Mrs. Mc- Hattie's patience in caring for this daughter was an inspiration to her many friends. Her pleasant personality is outstanding. She always was an extremely willing person in helping out anywhere, at any time, when the need arose. She was a member of the W. C. T. U. She served as Sunday School Superintendent for some time, taught in the Sunday School several dif­ ferent periods of time and was always willing to substitute teach if the need arose. She holds her associations and memories of the Congrega­ tional Church as being very dear to her. She is looking forward to being in Parshall to help with the 50th Anniversary Party in 1964. — 121 — Roadgrading the Hard Way Near Parshall CHARLES A. WALES* 1942 Charles A. Wales, former published of the Mountrail County Record, was a comparative late-comer as a resident of Parshall and cannot be classed with the old-timers as the city celebrates its fiftieth anniversary. However, he is an "old-timer" of Southern Mountrail County and the community of Parshall and has been a part of it's growth and development. Charlie, as he was called by his friends and who is now a resident at the Lutheran Home in Minot, has been a resident of southern Mountrail since 1912 when he filed on a homestead a mile west of the Van Hook townsite. But, after having worked for various newspapers in Minnesota and publishing his own newspapers at Thorne, Souris, and Portal (all in North Dakota), the call of the publishing field was too strong for Charlie. He started the Van Hook Journal, which he operated until 1916 when he sold out to construct and operate the first motion picture theatre in Van Hook. A disasterous fire in 1917 took everything they owned and with five youngsters to raise he and Mrs. Wales moved back to the "shanty" on the homestead. The family was later increased to nine with the arrival of two more daughters. Mr. Wales was not a professional farmer but he went into the dairy business and with the help of his family built up a fine herd of Guernsey cattle. Being primarily a businessman and promoter he helped organize the North Dakota Guernsey Cattle Club, serving one year as a director and two years as president. He helped organize the first 4-H club in Mountrail County and for four years was its leader. He helped train prize-winning livestock judging teams and demonstration teams. His 4-H club members exhibited club calves at county and state fairs. It was through these activities that Mr. Wales became well known throughout Mountrail County and North Dakota.

122 — Mr. Wales also found time to play with city bands and all of the Wales seven children learned to play a musical instrument. Most of the youngsters played in school bands as well as city bands. When the drought of the 30's persisted the Wales' were no longer able to feed their large herd of Guernsey cattle and eventually the herd had to be sold. Mr. Wales felt the call of the newspaper business again when in 1932 he was offered the opportunity to take over the Van Hook Re­ porter which had succeeded the Van Hook Journal and Tribune. In May of 1942 he purchased the Parshall Plainsman from Frank "Old Man" Rogers. He moved the Van Hook plant to Parshall and con­ solidated the papers to form the Mountrail County Record. He was joined by his son Ralph in January of 1947 and as the business grew the old Plainsman building became too cramped and the Wales' constructed a new concrete block building adjoining the old building which was then sold and is now a part of the hotel. Mr. Wales was active in civil affairs and served as president of the Parshall Civic Club for several years. He was interested in the growth and development of the community and of Parshall. As former Mayor Elmer Hemingson used to say, "We probably wouldn't have got our City Water Works installed when we did if Mr. Wales hadn't kept prodding us (the council) about it. Not only was Mr. Wales interested in the growth and development of the community but he was also interested in the welfare and de­ velopment of the youth of the community. He served in various capacities as a Scouter in the Great Plains Area Council of the Boy Scouts of America. For his devotion and activities in this work he was presented with the "Silver Beaver", highest award in Scouting. Mr. and Mrs. Wales, members of the Congregational Church in Par- shall, were always active in church work. For several years Mr. Wales sang in the church choir and Mrs. Wales served a term as president of the Ladies Aid. The new Pulpit Bible is a gift to the church from the Wales family in memory of Mrs. Wales, who passed away in 1960. Mr. Wales, who over the years was assisted by his wife, retired in 1950 and they continued to live in their home on North Main street until 1960 when he and Mrs. Wales moved to the Lutheran Home in Minot Yes, in a quiet, unassuming way, Charlie Wales contributed his talents to the development cf Parshall and the community of southern Mountrail County. Ed. Note: Mrs. Wales passed away in 1961.

The best and most important part of every man's education is that which he gives himself.

I shall pass through this world but once. Any good that I can do or any kindness that I can shew to any human being, let me do it now. Let me not defer or neglect it, for I shall not pass this way again. —Stephen Grellet. — 123 — HAROLD WALLS' 1946 Harold Wall was born and grew up at Lansford, North Dakota and graduated with a B. A. from Minot State Teachers College. He did com­ plete graduate work at the University at Grand Forks, North Dakota. Marjcrie Landen was born and grew up at Ryder and graduated from the Minot State Teachers College. Marjorie and Harold were married in the early years of the war and Marjorie taught school at Ryder and Max while Harold served in the Armed Forces in the South Pacific. After bringing the U. S, S. Rio Grande, aviation fleet tanker, back from the South Pacific for the commissioning at San Francisco in Feb­ ruary of 1946, both Mr. and Mrs. Wall went back to college and came to Parshall in August of 1946. A shortage of teachers required extra loads for the entire faculty, resulting in Harold's teaching five subjects as well as coaching basket­ ball and the senior class play. Marjorie taught 5th and 6th grades and handled the High School Glee Club. The Walls resigned from school responsibilities in 1948 to build a new business which the city needed, known as the Parshall Dry Cleaners. Proving quite a success, it was sold in 1949 to Mr. Bertelson. For the next 18 months Harold worked as salesman for Mr. M. W. Arndt, Dis­ tributor for General Motors and International Harvester. In 1951 he built and operated Parshall Dairy Land, where milk and cream was pasteurized and bottled, soft ice cream was made, and lunches served to the public in conjunction with Wall's Insurance Agency and a trailer court for 8 trailers. Shortage of milk supply in the area along with poor crops resulted in the sale of these ventures and the return to School Administration work at Tioga, North Dakota from 1953 to 1955. The Walls moved to California in 1955 where work with the North­ western Mutual Life Insurance Company has turned out very success­ fully and where they plan to continue to make their home. While in Parshall Harold Wall built three homes and two business places, served as Superintendent of the Public Schools, 1 year in Junior Chamber of Commerce work and 1 term on the City Council. The Wall's have two children, Michael Steven who is 12 years of age and Wendy Lee who is 4 years old.

ANDREW MOERKES' 1947 Mr .and Mrs. Albert Moerke, together with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Carl Moerke, settled on homestead land about ten miles northwest of Parshall in 1908. The Albert Moerkes lived there until 1947, when they moved to Parshall, where Mrs. Moerke still has her home. Mr. Moerke passed away on April 2, 1960. Mr. Moerke was a member of the Parshall Band under the direction of Mr. Paul Curtis, and later became director of the band homself. Mr. Moerke represented the 44th Legislative District in 1945, 1947, and 1949. — 124 — Congratulations Parshall

ON YOUR 50th Anniversary

CO**1 TO~cQ4jr TORES/

JACK & JEAN COOPER, Owners Parshall, North Dakota

UNion 2-4950

LOCALLY OWNED — NATIONALLY ORGANIZED

Formerly Cooper-Brower — 1916

125 AUGIE JACOBS' 1943 The Parshall City Council sold the northeast corner of the Golf Course to Augie and Dorothy Jacobs on June 2, 1946 with the stipulation that a welding shop and a modern motel would be constructed thereon. Work on the shop began at once and although some materials were hard to get, Augie began operation of the Parshall Welding Company in October of that year. It was impossible to buy new machinery in 1946, but much of the old could be repaired and kept working through that harvest. The years that followed have brought a variety of work and many friends. When Parshall's city sewer and water system was available in 1950 the Jacobs Motel was built on the east end of the property on Highway 8 and Airport Road. It was difficult to finance such a big project in such a small town, but with the help of the Reconstruction Finance Cor­ poration, five rental units were built of Bricrete, a masonry block manu­ factured by C. E. Shubert, locally. It was opened in October of that year and at that time was the only modern motel accomodations between, Minot, Williston and Bismarck.

ANDREW VOIGTS' Andrew Voigt was one of the most highly respectel pioneer ranchers of this area. He was a hard-working cattleman as well as an extensive farmer. Probably one of the mcst outstanding memories to linger in the minds of neighbors and friends was his ability to make things move and progress the "hard" way. His farming operations for many years were all carried on with horses and mules. Mr. and Mrs. Voigt settled in the Taylor, North Dakota area in about 1902 with their family of seven sons at that time. They moved to Elbowoods, North Dakota in 1912 and 1913. Mr. Voigt played a big part in the growth of Parshall in the early years as many can attest to the massive wagon trains pulled by mules in the early years, and trucks at a later date, as Mr. Voigt transported his wheat to this rail­ road for shipping to eastern markets. In the winter time sleds were used to haul the grain. The trip always took two days with a supply of living accomodations from the stores in Parshall being hauled on the return trip to the ranch. The massive Voigt ranch home known for its hospitality to every­ one, regardless of race, creed or color. Voigt's herds of cattle were run in various areas on both sides of the Missouri and Little Mis­ souri Rivers. They had a large barge which would accomodate 50 head of cattle which they used at times of need for transportation purposes. At marketing time much of their cattle were shipped from Parshall in the early years and in later years some shipping was handled from Halliday. To date, five sons and two daughters remain of the family: William, Edward Joseph, Victor, John, Rose and Clara. Two brothers, George and Frank and the parents are now deceased. (Both the girls were born after the family moved to Elbowoods). Due to the erection of the Gar- — 126 — Andrew Voigt managing the horse-driven threshing outfit in the early years of his reign in this territory.

rison Dam and the rise of Lake Sakakawea, the families have all had to relocate elsewhere. The sons have all followed in their father's footsteps and if they are not ranching they can be found working with stock somewhere. Quoting from "50 Years In The Saddle", we find mention of Mr. Voigt's Indian name, given to him by Crows Heart, who was a famous Sioux Indian as, "Andrew Big Heart White Man Can't Say No". How typical! Andrew Voigt was the only senior honoree from the state to be named to the National Cowboy Hall of Fame in 1962. A truly fitting tribute to a man who helped blaze the trail in Western North Dakota!

Andrew Voigt's "Power-Plus" Outfit — 127 — MEMORIES OF MY EARLY HOMESTEAD DAYS By Frank Traynor Well, I do remember my early days, my homestead days, on the Fort berthold Reservation. My first three days, back in 1913, on the reserva­ tion were spent in the building of my 12 x 14 shack on the banks of what formerly was called Crane Creek. My homestead was the NE'/t of Section 18, Township 15 Range 91. I shall never forget the hum of those millions of "skeeters" that sang over me as I lay on my lumber pile at night with nothing except my coat to cover my head. It took me three full days from day­ light to dark to complete my little mansion and then I had only half of the floor in. The last evening I had only a couple of spuds left. I fried these over an open fire and that was all I had to eat. Fortunately, there was a spring on my land so I did not thirst for want of water. On the morning of the fourth day when the sun was just peeping, and in July that was early, the problem of getting something to eat was the "$64.00 question". With no other shack in sight, there was nothing to do but turn the key in the door and start walking toward Plaza which was some twenty eight miles away, mostly east and north. I headed in that general direction. When I came to Shell Creek, where there was a considerable amount of water, I took off my clothes and tied them in a knot with a stone and threw them across a narrow place. Then I swam the creek. About half way between what is now the fair city of Parshall and Plaza there came into view a nice little shack. As I approached it, I saw a pump, and I was getting thirsty. When I got to the pump, however, it was neatly chained down with a padlock on it. So there was nothing for me to do but keep walking on toward Plaza. I had to reach there in order to have breakfast. The next year there were just lots of shacks and lots of good people and I attended a reservation picnic south of where Parshall now stands. Then in 1915 Parshall had a celebration where the city now is and that is where I first met Ed Kjelstrup. Here he was cashing checks in what I am sure was a "two-holer" and I am sure it was, for Ed has been a good Democrat ever since. In the spring of '16 or "17 I had quite an experience. Early one morn­ ing I was awakened from my slumber by a party by the name of Leonard Parry who lived on the west side of Crane Creek about one and a half miles from my shack. He was on his way to get Dr. W. E. Blath- erwiek of Van Hook for a neighbor of his by the name of Henry Prester who was expecting a new born babe. Parry had trouble with his buggy and had to ride horseback to Van Hook and then hire a livery team and buggy from Carl Husa who was the livery man to take Dr. Blather- wick out. When they returned to my place it was just breaking day­ light. You could hardly see. And Old Crane Creek was raging; the water was high and I was afraid the ice had gone out of the creek which would make it almost impossible to cross. I did not want to scare the doctor too much but I warned him to take off his coon skin overcoat. — 128 — Threshing Prior to 1920

=wPK«ft J*^HB

Threshing After 1920

NEWS TAKEN FROM THE PARSHALL PIONEER LEADER . . • January 8, 1915 — Ed Kjelstrup was around on Monday with a subscription list obtaining funds to enable us to secure tri-weekly mail service. Pete Krogen has been engaged and will carry the mail on Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday. This service is to continue until March I, when it is expected Parshall will have daily mail service via the Soo Railway. 129 "Oh", he said, "I will stand up in the seat and be all right." I still warned him that he might have to swim but he insisted that he was all right. I feared that there was going to be trouble and I slipped into my shoes and followed them to the creek. Everything went 0. K. until they hit the main channel and sure enough the ice was out and the water was deep. The buggy, Dr. Blatherwick, Parry and all went out of sight. I hardly knew what to do. The top of the Buggy appeared and then I could see Parry swimming for the other shore as he had taken off his overcoat when I warned them; he knew the creek better than Dr. did. I then saw Dr. Blatherwick's head and the collar of his coonskin coat above the water, floating. I then ran down the creek about twenty rods and started to wade in that ice cold water. I want to say it was really refreshing, I could hardly get my breath but the Dr. was floating downstream and almost helpless with the big overcoat on. He struck a big piece of ice and was floating with the stream. I was lucky enough to get ahead of him and when I could reach him I grabbed for that coat collar and took off for the shore which was only a short distance until we could touch bottom. I got that coonskin coat off him which was a load. Then got him to my shack and warmed up and dressed him in my clothes which at that time just fit. I then took Dr. Blatherwick back to Van Hook and he had to walk the roalroad track west to get across the creek. I don't think I can ever forget just how cold that water was. Well, my friends, even though there was some hardship, those were happy days and I would not mind going through it all again although "Time is marching on", from '13 to '63 is fifty years. This is something I just can't figure out because I am only thirty-nine! Friends, the progress we have made in these fifty years is truly most wonderful. Things that we pioneers had in that little world of ours on the reservation just had to do, but they were unbelievable to the present generation. The good roads, the modern homes, the mod­ ern machinery of the push-button type that takes the drudgery out of almost everything are just taken for granted. When I think of breaking sixty five acres of sod without changing a lay on my walking plow - pounding it out cold at the end of each round on a piece of railroad iron -- I am sure I was born too soon. My motto is: "If a community is worth living in, it is worth working for." That is what I try to practice and I sincerely hope that I can go out that way. I am still working on my first million and I am sure I am as happy as if I had made it, for I expect to go out of this world as I came in. I am sincerely yours for a new world to explore.

Usually the fellow who is in a hurry has nothing else to do.

"Let every nation know, whether it wishes well or ill, that we shall pay any price, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty." John F. Kennedy — 130 — Parshall's Water Tower Taken Down in 1963 and Sold to Ryder

Dr. Fink, Elmer Hovey, Jay Brower, Oscar Fuglie, Jay Kline, Gus Planting, Edgar Kjelstrup, Sam Hankins, Russ Myers

Let us have faith that right makes might, and in that faith let us dare to do our duty as we understand it. —A. Lincoln — 131 — J. E. COLLINS COMPANY, INC. OF NORTH DAKOTA

Operating

IN PARSHALL

JAKE UNRUH, Manager

and

CxcumSCe

IN PARSHALL

CECIL LAWRENCE, Manager

Congratulating Parshall On Their 50 Years Of Progress.

— 132 Left Mr. and Mrs. Tom Dalen, Coal Mine Operators and at the right, Mr. and Mrs. Hans Sjol, Meat Market and Grocery Store Operators. THE DALENS' Thomas J. and Laura; sons, Gilman, Maurice, Robert, George, Donald, and daughter, Viola. The Dalens' were interested in coal-mining and Parshall looked to them like the area where there was plenty of business in their line. Thomas and Gilman arrived in August of 1923, and purchased a mine from Westermark and Warren. Their first home in Parshall was at Bill Carmody's until the family came in September when they moved into the house now owned by Berdie Spitzer. Their first winter in this area was a mild one but the second winter of 1924 went down in history as being rather rugged, thus being a good one for the coal business. That winter the Dalen's used a 10-horse- power Mogul engine for hoisting coal from the shaft mine. They negotia­ ted for a cutting machine for undercutting coal and the next year this objective was attained by getting an electric cutting machine. At this time they bought a generator and installed a Fairbanks-Morse diesel engine. In the fall of 1927 they converted from gasoline and diesel to steam. A minneapolis double 30 horse power engine was purchased from a farmer north of Van Hook. This engine was used for running the gen­ erator and the hoist. In 1928 they obtained a Nichols & Shepard 30 horsepower steam engine from near Makoti. The generator was transferred to this and the other engine was used for the hoist. By changing coal cars from the steel side dump (% ton capacity) to the end dump woodcars (1 ton capacity) the run output was increased to well over 100 tons per day. Operation of the mine was continued in this manner until 1933, when they moved to the August Haas farm where they sank another shaft mine. Here, a re-designed tipple was built which included shaker screens — 133 — Congratulations Parshall

Parshall Farmers' Union Co-operative Elevator Co.

•

GRAIN — FEED — SEED — TWINE

Custom Cleaning - Treating - FEED ROLLING

Phone UNion 2-6141

Parshall, North Dakota

— 134 — An Undercutter Coal-Cutting Machine in Action at Parshall Coal Company Thomas Dalen, Owner for lump, nut and stoker coal. In 1935, during the winter, the community went through a terrific storm, in which all the roads were blocked. The City of Parshall was so hard up for coal that all the able-bodied men in town closed up shop and shoveled out the road so that Maurice (Shorty) would be able to get back and forth with the much-needed coal. In 1938, the Dalens' dismantled the tipple and mine and moved to a mine in the Sawyer, North Dakota area. Gilman Dalen married Clara J. Sjol and Maurice married Betty Skogen. These were two of our local girls.

The Tipple at the Dalen Mine — 135 — ADDITIONAL COAL DATA GATHERED AT RANDOM OF INTEREST TO PARSHALL CITL5ENS In the early days this community was fortunate to have lignite coal outcropping out at various places in the entire are. It was comparatively simple for our early settlers to obtain this fuel for heating their homes. The homesteaders would usually get together in the fall and mine enough coal to last through the winter months for their own use. In this area we have had several good lignite mines. Landaker, Sellers and Dockter all had mines north of Parshall. Williamson and Woods (later operated by Sommerfield) had a mine south of town. In the early 1920's, Westermark and Warren opened a mine 1% miles north of Parshall on the Herman Butt farm. This mine was sold to Tom Dalen in 1923. He operated it for several years at this location, then opened a new mine across the road on the August Haas farm. He supplied Parshall with most of it's fuel during these years. This mine was abandoned in 1938 when Mr. Dalen moved to Sawyer, North Dakota.

C. E. Shubert and Harry Dilley Coal Tipple — 1942

In the early 1940's, C. E. Shubert and Harry Dilly opened a mine near the one which Dalen had abandoned. This was known as the Black Diamond Coal Company. When World War 2 was declared, help got scarce and coal prices were frozen so they were forced to cease mining. Ted Bechtold then bought the mine and continued to operate it for a time. Since then, most of the coal usel in this vicinity has either been trucked in or shipped in by rail. At present there are no coal mines in operation in this vicinity and many have reconverted to either oil or gas for heating facilities. — 136 — Glen Austin, V/z years, son of Mr. and Mrs. Lon Austin. "First baby born in Parshall." Tom Cooper — March of 1943

An Early 1916 Scene — 137 — Congratulations Parshall

From WESTLIE MOTOR CO.

Minot, North Dakota

North Dakota's Largest Automobile Dealer

FORD LINCOLN MERCURY FALCON COMET Sales: Parts: TE 2-1156 TE 5-4111

THE LIVELIEST, MOST CAREFREE CARS COME FROM FORD

NORTHERN BOTTLING COMPANY Bottlers Of

JtQJU&*

DrPepper

138 — Main Street Looking North

Main Street Looking South

January 15, 1915 — Parshall: City with a Big Future N. 0. Sanden will add a 40 foot addition to his store. The People's State Bank will be housed in a new edifice. John Iverson plans to enlarge the Pioneer Store. The Bovey-Shute Lumber Co. plans to put in a line of implement and farm machinery. — 139 — THE PARSHALL LIONS CLUB The Parshall Lions Club was organized in Sep­ tember of 1960 with fifteen members making the charter organization. The charter members were: Donald S. Dally, president; Gerald W. Kregel, Secre­ tary: E. 0. Lerberg, treasurer; Rev. Douglas Torkel- son, Dr. Robert Blatherwick, Gary Lerberg, Armond Wittmayer. C. W. Okeson, E. R. Hilde, Donald Olson, Einar Haugen, Ernest Haugen, Carl Bartz, Arthur Hedberg, Jr., and W. H. Kuehn. Some of these members have moved to other towns. New members have joined with the result that we now have a membership of 12. The purpose of the Lions Club is summed up in the two words of the Lions Motto: "We Serve". It is not a business organization, nor was it designed as such. It's purpose is to serve humanity and in so doing leave this world a better place than we found it. A few of the projects which have been undertaken by the Club are: providing glasses for needy children, administering some 3500 doses of Sabin Oral Polio Vaccine, widely publicized the Medic-Alert program in this area, assisted with the placement of Christmas food boxes in the city for needy families, etc. The Club is currently spearheading the Community Betterment Program in Parshall. Some of the projects are continuing in that they are undertaken each year as a constant effort. The Club meets each Monday at noon in the Bank basement for an hour long luncheon meeting. Our present members are varied in pro­ fession and all are active in other organizations with the result that we are able to correlate our activities with that of other organizations quite easily. This in itself, is a great help to prevent duplication of projects. At the present time the officers of the Club are: Carl Bartz, President; Herb Stall, Secretary; E. 0. Lerberg, Treasurer; Herb Stall, 1st Vice- president; Art Hedberg, 2nd Vice-president; Tony Gratz, 3rd Vice-pres­ ident. Other members include: Fred Ahlgren, Tail-twister; Einar Haugen, Lion-tamer; Court Shubert, Greeter. Gary Lerberg, W. H. Kuehn, E. R. Hilde, and Lloyd Edwards.

LAUREL CHAPTER NO. 87 O. E. S. The members of the Eastern Star, in and around Plaza, after holding several meetings in the early spring of 1917, decided to organize a Star Chapter located at Plaza. Several meetings were held and after several matters were taken care of, the members met at Marian Olson's home and it's first officers elected. These were Grace C. Linder, Worthy Matron; Earl Huber, Worthy Patron; Julia Debertin, Associate Matron; Caluade E. Pickles, secretary, and other appointed officers. On June 17, 1917, Laurel Chapter was instituted and officers were installed by Grand Chapter. Several members of Venus Chapter N. 14, Minot, were present and assisted with the ceremonies. On June 17, 1917,

140 — Laurel Chapter received it's charter from the Grand Chapter of North Dakota, 0. E. S. During the intervening years, Laurel Chapter made rapid growth and played an important role in the lives of its members and in the community. Many pioneers were associated with this fraternal order. However, now there only remains a few older members in the immediate area: Mr. Ray Ashley, Mr. and Mrs. Herman Selvig. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Westlie and Fanny Pease Vesey. Laurel Chapter of the 0. E. S. was moved to Parshall on December 14, 1956, following the Masonic Lodge which moved earlier. The Chapter has a regular membership, while not large, in it's District, has been quite active. On two occasions it has held yearly Schools of Instruction since 1956, helped in several community efforts and has lent support to the Lodge besides serving it's membership. The members of Laurel Chapter 0. E. S. join with others in ex­ tending their congratulations and best wishes to all in this great union and observance of the 50th Anniversary of Parshall, North Dakota. By: Wally Veum, W.P.

PLAZA LODGE NO. 104 A. F. & A. M. Plaza Lodge No. 104 A. F. & A. M. was chartered June 17, 1917. A group of Masons in Plaza and its immediate area organized to form this lodge. In its early years, the Lodge played a most prominent part in the social and community affairs of Plaza and vicinity. George Prehal served as Worshipful Master; Victor Torbenson, Senior Warden; and Andrew F. De- bertin as Junior Warden, with Henry Westlie as Sec­ retary. The Lodge continued its growth up iro World War 1, and the late twenties. As a result of the depression and the drowth in the early thirties many members left Plaza and vicinity, thus the Lodge lost membership and support. On November 14, 1956, the Grand Lodge of North Dakota concurring with the remaining membership felt it to be to the best interests of Masonry that the Lodge be moved to Parshall, The membership at that time decided to retain the original charter and name of the Lodge. Since locating at Parshall, the Lodge increased it's membership the first several years. The present membership totals 54 including 5 life members. Many problems had to be met in the relocation of the Lodge, but despite this, we have been able to maintain a creditable operation. We regret, with sorrow, the passing of many Brothers throughout the years, but know that this is only one of the inevitables that happen: This last year, four Brothers passed away: Brothers Arthur Sell, Elmer M. Hovey, Alfred J. Strehmel and John W. Jones, all of whom, being respected citizens of the Parshall community in its early days. The Plaza Lodge history reveals many acts of charity, community endeavors, and acts of love and kindness towards its members and friends. This 17th of June, 1964, will merk the 50th Anniversary of our Lodge. We as members of Plaza Lodge No. 104 A. F. & A. M. extend a

— 141 — Dockter's TV Service We service all makes of radios and televisions The difficult we do immediately — The impossible takes a little longer. Shop Phone UN 2-6446 Home Phone UN 2-4861 We Sell 2-way Radios and All Types of Television Antennas RAY & JUDY DOCKTER Parshall, North Dakota

Ray's Sporting Goods & Appliance

Fishing — Hunting — Golfing — Archery Televisions — Stereos

R. R. WITTMAYER, Prop. Parshall, North Dakota

Millie's Shop

Sportswear — Dresses — Sweaters — Blouses

MILDRED WITTMAYER, Prop. Parshall, North Dakota

Reynolds Insurance Agency

H. F. REYNOLDS

New Town, North Dakota

— 142 — hearty welcome to the pioneers returning, and our congratulations to the City of Parshall. The growth of our Lodge depends upon it's membership; however, it is contingent upon the growth and prosperity of Parshall and it's community. Our wish and desire is to be a part of it1 By Wally Veum, Sec, Plaza Lodge No. 104 A. F. & A. M.

THE STAR-'NADERS SQUARE DANCE CLUB In the fall of 1958 a group gathered at Raub Hall to form a class to learn how to Square Dance. Mrs. Joyce Zander came from Velva to do the calling. We met weekly and most of the time we had 7 squares. We had a grand time learning and even thought we could dance good enough to go to a big dance in Minot. When spring came, the season kept us too busy to dance until the next fall. We called our club the "Whirls and Twirls". In the fall of 1959, Mrs. Zanders started calling for us again. This year we held our dances at the Raub Hall and at the Fertile Township Hall. Mrs. Zanders did the calling for us until Christmas. George Hovey and Eddie Austad did the calling for the rest of the winter. We didn't get to meet as often as it was a struggle to keep our groups dancing. 1960 found us dancing at the Fertile Hall again about every two weeks. Mi-s. Zanders came back and did some calling for us, but most of the time, Bud Rice of Tioga did most of the calling. This year we organized our club and elected Bud Hoff as president with Gayle Brendle as the Secretary-treasurer. In 1961, we again met for our dancing at Fertile Hall. This year we chose a new name, "The Star-'Naders" and ordered badges for the members to wear. Don Dalen came from Sawyer to call for us. Don Dalen did the calling for us again in 1962, and we sponsored a beginners class, whereby we added more new members to our club This year saw us dancing at the Memorial Hall in Parshall. Carl Carlson was our president and Jane Waldock was Secretary-treasurer. We danced every Saturday night from October through April. During the summer months we had one dance a month. In February of this year we had a Callers Jamboree and had 11 callers from all over western North Dakota. A crowd of about 180 dancers filled the floor of the auditorium. We made a banner for our club this year and held a graduation dance at which we all received diplomas. In 1963 and 1964 we decided we wanted to have different callers come. Those who have been calling for us this year are: Bud Rice, Don Dalen, Ralph Sylstad, Harold Bugge and Big Timber Ccok. Arnold Hilleren is our president and Ann Hovey is Secretary-trea­ surer this year, As the years have come and gone so have some dancers, but all in all, we still have about 4-5 squares at most of our dances. Those who have danced with us through the years are: Eddie and Marian Evenson — Clark and Gloria Hendrickson — Bud and Helen Grove — Ben and Jane Waldock — Jim and Cora Waldock — Bob and Olive Andes — Carl and Alice Carlson — Rudolph and Evelyn Brendle — 143 — Clark and Etna Van Horn — Arnold and Lois Hilleran — Norin and Violet Rakstad — Ralph and Gayle Brendle — Marvin and Ann Hovey — Leo and Karen Vossler — Bob and Harriet Nelson — Bud and Lu Hoff — Vance and Eva Onstad — Charles and Isabelle Luchsinger — Art and Thelma Hedberg — Addison and Doris Hedberg — Ronald and Lillian Broste — Arnold and Betty Johnson — George and Doris Ruud — Carl and Betty Johnson — Orval and Solvig Hovey — Alex and Vera Auch — Marvis and Janet Paulson — Dennis and Marlys Nordquist — Fred and Irene Ahlgren — Jimmy and Arlene Kline — Ronald and Lillian Broste — Ralph and Olga Bartelson — Lyle and Nettie Holtan — Dennis and Pearl Dalby — Tom and Veronica Eagle — Ray and Marian Hovda — John and Clarice Hanzel — Delvin and Ardis DeTienne — Olaf and Inez Loen.

GIRL SCOUTS Girl Scouting was organized in 1953, in Parshall, under the sponsorship of the American Legion Auxiliary. Mrs. Ray Newnam our Youth Council Re­ presentative, was the primary promoter. She had always been very active in both Cub and Boy Scouts, thus she saw the need for an organ­ ization for the girls. All girls between the ages of 7 and 17 were contacted and ladies were recruited. The Northwest Council Chairman from Minot came out to help with the organizational work and the groups were set up at this time: Brownies, Intermediates, Juniors and Seniors, with a leader and an assistant leader for each group. Miss Gertrude Lennertz, from Minot, came out for two different sum­ mers to assist with Day Camp, which was held at the Paetz Grove in Banner Township (formerly the Adolph Gast farm). The Northwest Council gave training sessions for leaders. Mrs. Mattie Butler conducted one-day camp sessions. Our camp took the name "U-Wan-A-Cum" as it's official title. The big problem now was to raise the area fee, which was to be paid to the Council each year. It was finally decided that the Auxiliary, the Leaders and the girls would do this. Then, with the help of a few fathers "the little white popcorn stand", located on Main Street was erected, and it still used every summer by the Auxiliary for a money raising project for them. Girl Scouting was discontinued in 1957, due to the sad fact that adult leaders could not be found. Mrs. Ed Nelson was a member of the Council for two years and is still a paid up Girl Scout member at Minot.

U. S. ARMY MOTHERS POST NO. 8 The U. S. Army Mothers Post No. 8 of Parshall, North Dakota was organized in October, 1944. It is an independent organization, not an auxiliary, of mothers, wives, sisters, and daughters of men and women 144 — of the Armed Forces of the U. S. Headquarters of the National U. S. Army Mothers is in Kansas City, Missouri. The purpose of the organization is to unite all eligible women in an effort of service to those near and dear to them who are serving, or have served, in the armed forces of the U. S. This effort takes the form of serving in Veteran's Hospitals as volunteers monetary and material donations to Veteran's Hospitals, as well as remembering those who are serving in the several branches of the service. Support of civic projects is recommended as far as possible within the Post. A member, Mrs. John Risan was elected to the office of National Commander in 1954. Mrs. Joy Kline, who has served several times, is the present Commander of Post No. 8.

AMERICAN LEGION AUXILIARY On November 6, 1922 Wesley Williams, Com­ mander of the Arthur Solie Post No. 121, of the American Legion, called a meeting for the purpose of organizing an auxiliary to the Legion. Fifteen ladies attended and Mrs. Mae Nelson was chosen as temporary president. The following ladies joined: Mrs. Hazel Bard, Mrs. Julia Aune, Mrs. Marian Do- ten, Mrs. Mamie Sell, Mrs. Emma Hovey, Mrs. Emma Hankins, Mrs. Bessie Kjelstrup, Mrs. Hannah Kjel­ strup, Miss Patricia Kjelstrup, Mrs. Laura Darrington, Mrs. Anna Bohen­ stingl, Mrs. Hazel Funk, Mrs. Eva Root, Mrs. Mae Nelson and Mrs. Georgia Frink. The regular meeting was held in the Congregational Church. The following officers were elected: Mrs. Mae Nelson, President; Mrs. Eva Root, Secretary; Mrs. Grace Madsen, Treasurer. The date of our charter is April 16, 1924. The charter was signed by Evelyn Nickerson, Department President and Helen Bishop, National President. The poppy was adopted as the memorial flower. We sell 10G0 poppies each May. These proceeds are designated for Child Welfare and Rehabil­ itation. Our Auxiliary has accomplished many things through these activities: Child Welfare, Rehabilitation, Community Service, National Security and Civil Defense, Boys Chorus, Americanism, Girls State and Junior Auxiliary. Our unit has sponsored Girl Scouts, Boys Chorus, have an adopted veteran's child whom we help, secured medical aid for children, aided needy families, sent boxes, local paper and letters to boys in service, contributed to Gift Shop and money to V. A. Hospitals, collected 50,500 ixwnds of old paper and helped load a box car to ship during World War 2. We have also collected used clothing for "Korean" and "Save the Children's Federation", Collected Butternut Coffee Strips, collected for Red Cross, Cancer, Heart and March of Dimes, dressed dolls for the Salvation Army, aided in school and X-Ray clinics, bought a book each year for the high school library, held Civil Defense meetings and sponsored

— 145 — Congratulations on your 50th Anniversary

Coca-Cola Bottling Co. Minot, North Dakota

BIRKHOLZ AIR SERVICE

Parshall Airport Parshall, North Dakota MAURICE & JANICE BIRKHOLZ, OWNERS

a $urt iign of r^mhmeni" tastee-freez &

TASTEE - FREEZE Parshall, North Dakota Jeff - Carol - Colin & Bruce Evenson

Congratulations On Your 50th Anniversary, Parshall

PARSHALL ELECTRIC TED & ELLEN SHUBERT

— 146 — a basket social and bond sale in February, 1943 which netted $8,205,50. All hospitalized members and veterans are remembered with a gift and a card. The Auxiliary presented a home talent play, sold 58 flags to business places and homes; sponsored candidates for the Fall Festivals and also made floats. Doris Nelson was our candidate in 1946 and she was chosen Queen. Karen Miller was a candidate in 1962. Our unit transferred with the Legion Post from 9th District to 6th in 1945. The Unit was proud to have had two District Officers, Mrs.C. Roy Sund, being first District Child Welfare Chairman and Mrs. Edwin W. Nelson, the first appointed District Vice President in 1949 and elected District President 1950-1952, Mrs. Nelson attended the National Convention in October, 1950 at Los Angeles, California. Mrs. Ray Newnam was district secretary-treasurer. Before the state conducted Girls State, our unit sent Kenneth Nelson to Boys State. The Legion and Auxiliary have joint Memorial Services and dinners as well as Legion birthday parties. In 1962, Mrs. Ray Newnam presented the Legion birthday gift of a beautiful 3 by 6 foot hand painted picture, depicting a peaceful scene of a "Deer By A Lake". •The Auxiliary has a membership of seventy. Gold Star Mothers are: Mrs. Johanna Qualle (deceased), Mrs. Hannah Kjelstrup (deceased), Mrs. Fred Hankins, Mrs. Sloan Dolan and Mrs. Edwin Nelson. Gold Star Sisters are: Mrs. C. P. Kjelstrup and Mrs. D. C. Darrington. Three charter members are still members of the unit, the Mmes. Madsen, Hankins and Darrington. The present officers are: Mrs. Einar Haugen, President; Mrs. Steven Hansen, Vice President; Mrs. Delvine DeTienne, Treasurer; Mrs. Gordon Klabo, Secretary; Mrs. Elsie, Chaplin; Mrs. Ken Elton, Historian and Mrs. Ted Binkley, Sargeant-at-Arms,

PARSHALL WEATHER An article headed "Parshall Weather" appears in each issue of our local paper. It seems rather insignificant, but when we check back and realize these readings have been going on since November of 1930, it represents a lot of recordings. C. E. Shubert began keeping precipitation records for the United States Department of Commerce Weather Bureau in November, 1930. The next October, thermometers were added and then began the recordings of high and low temperatures as well. Our lowest reading was on February 15, 1936, when the minimum thermometer stood at 60 degrees below zero, to establish a new record, not only for Parshall, but for North Dakota, also. That same year the maximum thermometer soared to 112 degrees on July 12th of that year, and that, also, established a new record. These two records have never been broken here. However, these are unusual readings. When Court is out of town, Mrs. Shubert takes over the readings, and — 147 — if they both are out of town, Albert Erickson does the necessary reading and recording. Weather always makes good conversation. While we have mentioned only the unusual here, we do believe Parshall's weather is the Best, and we invite anyone to give it a try!

THE GRANDPA BOWLING LEAGUE

Grandpas' Bowling League: top row — Alfred Hilleren, Ed Nelson, Har­ old Larsen, Martin Bohenstingl, Osmund Haugen, Ernest Roberts, Court Shubert and R. A. Nordbye; third row — Herman Jahnke, Ray Newnam, Howard Steffen, Roy Sund, Lester Schram, John Onstad, Henry Rambur, and Ed Kjelstrup; second row — Ellis Starleaf, George Klemcnhagen, Elvin Aamot, Ben Staflien, Alvin Anderson, Jerry Sjordahl, and Red Martins; first row — Albert Amundson, Christ Christianson, Vade Rankin, Julius Mattson, Ernest Giffey, Alger Arness, Art Skeitan and Scotty Skeitan.

The Grandpa Bowling Leauge of Parshall was organized December of 1961 at the Gateway Lanes here. To qualify for membership in this League you have to be 60 years or older. Our senior member is John Onstad, 83 years old, and the Junior member Lester Schram—but now the baby is Pete Yri. We have a waiting list of some future members to reach their 60th birthday. Some of these Grandpas had never tried bowling before and some had not bowled for fifty years. This group meets every Wednesday afternoon at 2:30 p.m. and all eight lanes are reserved for them. The highest score is recognized as well as the top ten bowlers of that day get on the honor roll. They are a group to be admired. All have some physical exercise— and at the same time spending a sociable afternoon with his age group and competition is keen. The average age of the group is 73% years. — 148 — THE PARSHALL CREDIT UNION The Parshall Credit Union was organized on June 7, 1952. The orig­ inal members were Donald Olson, Paul Debertin, James Klesalek, Reuben Olson, John Hanzal, Silas Sjol, Ernest Roberts, George Risan, Axel Olson, George Ruud, John Risan, Hiram Nelson and Fred Ahlgren. The Credit Union has increased from the original 13 members and $70.00 in assets to 131 members and assets of $36,456.74 in 1964.

PARSHALL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE In tracing back through the available records that could be found, mention was made of an active Women's League in October of 1915, with one aim being to promote the upkeep of the then-existing cemetery of Parshall. A note was found concerning the reorganization of the Parshall Community Club in 1917, with it's aim being to promote civic issues of the day. The Parshall Commercial Club was organized in 1920. The early records are most inadequate; either they seem to have been lost or poss'jly destroyed. The oldest record of the present organization is a news article announcing the appointment of various committee workers which include the names of: Ross Hudson, Dorman Hamre, E. J. Pfugarth, Dr. C. J. Mahowald, Elmer Hemmingson, F. H. Hankins, E. O. Lerberg, John Risan, A. R. Newnam, C; W. Okeson, Martin Kraft, E. B. Kjelstrup, Olaf Olson, and C. E. Shubert. Mr. A. F. Miller was the secretary at that time. On November 19, 1945, Mr. Hemmingson reported that results of the Bond Sale on the Sewer and Water Project had not been received from the County Auditor. Mr. Hankins suggested that the Bond Committee start action at the eariest possible date, in order to get results. — On February 18, 1946, two newly-returned servicemen, Ralph Wales and Donald Debertin were introduced to the group. — At this same meeting the motion was carried that the Association extend a vote of thanks and appreciation to the firemen for the fine job they did the night of the Kuehn fire. — On March 18, Court Shubert, as general chairman of the Hall Committee gave a few remarks. The first mention of the president's name is recorded in the minutes of the December 5, 1946 meeting. At that time W. H. Kuehn was presi­ dent with H. 0. Stall as the secretary. — On January 19, 1947, a report on the progress of the Community Auditorium was given by Mr. Notting which was followed by a lively discussion on the needs for such a building. — In the August 18, 1947 meeting, there was mention of the Air Port progress being made. — On December 14, 1947, Mr. Charles Wales gave us some good news on the latest census. The figures were not final at this time, but it was determined they would exceed the expected 800. — On February 16, 1948, Ralph Wales revealed the information that the census of the city had been approved and that the reduced rate in electricity from the Otter Tail Power Company would go into effect that same month. This reduction would amount to about $3,000.00 per year. On March 20, 1950 a regular meeting and 7:00 a.m. breakfast was — 149 — held at Walt's Drive-In with President Jack Cooper taking charge of the meeting, following a good meal. C. W. Okeson was secretary at this time. On September 19, 1960, a meeting was held, and at that time a motion was made and seconded that the by-laws be amended so the name of the organization be changed from Parshall Civic Association to Parshall Chamber of Commerce. These are but a few of the highlights of the organization's activities. In reviewing the records of the minutes over the years, one gets the impression that the organization has always been abreast of local affairs, and has contributed mightily to making our City of Parshall the fine community that it is. No one person has been responsible for the progress made in Parshall History, but many people working together have created this advancement. The Parshall Chamber of Commerce is deeply grateful to them all for the efforts they have put forth.

THE PARSHALL DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION The Parshall Development Corporation was organized in early 1959. Partly due to renewed interest in community betterment which was aroused by joining the state contest that year, but also partly by discus­ sions that had been underway for some length of time. Two new buildings were built on Main Street of Parshall, the bowling alley and the de­ partment store, (presently Skogmo's Dept. Store on the east side of Main Street) a block south of the bowling alley. About $56,000.00 worth of stock was sold in the community to about seventy-five individuals, four of whom had sizeable investments. With this money and a first mortgage, it was possible to build these two build­ ings and buy the land for them, as well as some other land, at the cost of about $85,000.00. The original Board of Directors were: E. O. Lerberg, H. O. Stall, Spencer Estvold, W. H. Kuehn, Donald Olson, Gary Lerberg and Dr. Robert Blatherwick. That same year in addition, through no credit to the Development Corporation, three other business buildings were built. The Development Corporation has continued to operate these two buildings by rentals to the present managers who own their own stock and equipment. We hope, in the near future, to be able to construct further buildings to assist in the Main Street development, as managers and businesses show a desire to locate or expand in Parshall. This is a very worthwhile adventure and we only hope that more and more individuals will participate in this ownership. The original incorporators and stock holders have not as yet received any dividends from their investments, but the mortgage loans are being paid off and the corporation is being operated in the black. This is the way that the entire community can help and assist in it's own progress. — 150 — CITY COUNCIL (EARLY PROCEEDINGS) The first meeting of the Village Board was held September 21, 1915 with D. E. Richardson, Peter Krogen and John Iverson as trustees. John Iverson was asked to act as chairman. Others elected were H. Edson, Assessor; E. B. Kjelstrup, Clerk; W. P. Carmody, Marshall; N. 0. Sanden, Treasurer; A. G. Austin, Justice of the Peace. Some of the first ordinances called for sidewalks on 3rd Street. Instructions were given to hackman, dray lines and auto liveries to obtain licenses. On March 3, 1916, the Franchise of the Parshall Farmers Telephone Co., was granted. Ordinances were drawn to compel all business places to have brick chimneys built. On March 16, 1916, E. B. Kjelstrup was elected chairman. Dr. G. S. Frogner was elected chairman of the Board of Health. Westermark and Johnson were given a 10 year franchise to furnish electric lights for the Village. March 27, 1917, Mr. H. L. J. Dahl was appointed chairman. On May 15, 1917, Mr. B. E. Crippen was appointed to the position of City Attorney. In the fall of 1917 Parshall was incorporated as a city. At a special meeting held on November 27, 1917, the following officers were sworn in by A. O. Fuglie, Clerk. Scott J. Hurst — Mayor E. B. Kjelstrup, Fred H. Hankins, C. C. Tangedahl and C. A. Pierce — Aldermen N. 0. Sanden — Treasurer Thomas Cooper — Magistrate The Village Board was then honorably discharged. Since that time our mayors have been: C. P. Kjelstrup Elmer Hemmingson J. H. Brower F. W. Bertelson C. P. Kjelstrup Clarence Butler R. A. Nordbye C. W. Okeson Elmer Hovey Albert Spitzer J. A. Bower H. 0. Stall E. E. Robideaux Kenneth Elton R. 0. Torgerson Gary Lerberg Christ Braa PARSHALL POLICE DEPARTMENT Our Police Department originated with the appointment of W. P. Carmody as Marshall on September 21, 1915. In December of 1916 John Selthun was appointed night watchman and tender of the Fire Hall. The duties of the Police Department were many and varied and the salary very meager at times. The Village Board — and after November 27, 1917 — the City Council has tried to supply adequate police protection. Other early police officers were: Wm. Damschen, M. McKacnie, fol­ lowed by B. G. Shubert, C. E. Shubert, J. H. Kline, Hans Skogen and Bill Kramer, C. E. Shubert was again appointed in 1936. He was succeeded — 151 — Congratulations On Your 50th Anniversary

HAMM'S BEER KNUDSON BEV. CO. Minot, North Dakota

CONGRATULATIONS TO THE COMMUNITY OF PARSHALL ON YOUR GOLDEN ANNIVERSARY Sullivans' Floral and Gift Minot, North Dakota

Congratulations compliments from INTERSTATE SEED GRAIN Ted Klugman, Manager Fargo, North Dakota

CONGRATULATIONS PARSHALL ON YOUR 50TH ANNIVERSARY from Farmers Union Oil Co. MELVIN JENSRUD, Mgr. Plaza. North Dakota

-152 by Martin Kraft in 1940. Then came Ivol Bartelson, Dean Horton, Ray Kraus, James Blowers, Folke Borgeson, Charles Patalas and Edwin Olson. The present acting force consists of Art Anderson serving as Police Chief with Donald Moll as assistant. Harold Arends is the present main­ tenance man and assists in police protection when an extra man is needed. Parshall is very proud of the present set-up. The force dresses in very snappy, trim, uniforms and they have a new Police car with telephone at their disposal, with the latest of modern police equipment.

P T A "Old-timers" vouch for the fact that there was an active Parent- Teachers Organization for Parshall in the early years of it's development, but, a substantial record of it's progress prior to 1950 has not been located. Notes taken from the secretary's books from that time speak for them­ selves, as the progress of this organization and it's coincidence with the development of our school system. 1951 — The P.T.A. put on a one-act play for the purpose of raising money to promote the band. They, also, supported a Youth Council in co­ operation with the Civic Association. 1952 — A pancake supper was given to raise money for the Band. The fund now reaches $825.00. P. T. A. purchased band uniforms. The name chosen was "Harvesters". The Band Mothers were very active in this project. 1953 — A skating rink promoted for the children. It was arranged for additional cars to transport all children to the basketball games. 1954 — P.T.A. raised money to purchase a used school bus to trans­ port children to basketball games. This bus was available for other uses in the area, also. The cost was $350.00. This year arrangements were made to have milk available for the first 3 grades in school. Research being done to try to establish a library. Discussions were held on en­ larging the school plant and redistricting to enlarge the school district. 1955 — Efforts were made to have milk available to all school chil­ dren. Further discussion on redistricting was held. P.T.A. promoted safe driving programs by having patrol talks, etc. 1956 — Plans were submited to P.T.A. for a new elementary school. P.T.A. gave full support to this new project. Having a P.T.A. makes it pos­ sible to reach the people. 1956 — The new Public Library is located in the Parshall Auditorium. It is well-stocked with books and it is appreciated very much and is used by many — young and old. 1958 — Mr. and Mrs. Ray Newnam was presented with Life Mem­ berships in the P.T.A. Plans for school reorganization were advanced and explained by Gary Lerberg and Supt. Hilde. Reorganization becomes a reality by July 1, of this year. Band uniforms were purchased by P.T.A. and Band Parents. 1959 — P.T.A. activity increased because of rural people. We have Future Farmers Chapters and Future Homemakers of America partici­ pating in our P.T.A. programs. Arrangements were made by the P.T.A. for places for country children to stay in town in case of inclement — 153 — weather. $150.00 turned over to the Band for additional instruments. Films were shown on cancer. Home Economics girls put on a style show with garments they made themselves. A microscope was purchased by the P.T.A. and presented to the Elementary School. 1960 — We have held discussions and explanations concerning the bond issues for new Junior and Senior High School. The P. T. A. contributes $15.00 towards the purchase of a Woods lamp used for detecting ringworm. The P. T. A. purchased a Junion Trampoline at the Elementary School. The P. T. A. provided entertainment after the Junior-Senior Prom. 1961 — The P.T.A. engaged speakers to educate the people on Civil Defense. 1962 — Room visitation was arranged by the P. T. A. At several meet­ ings means of taxation were explained concerning schools. Several flags for rooms at the Elementary School were also purchased. 1963 — The P. T. A. purchased a dictionary stand for the library. Arrangements made by a P.T.A. committee to have the County Book Mobile stop at the Elementary School every 3rd Tuesday. Parent-Teacher conferences were arranged by the P. T. A. at the Elementary School. 1964 — Spring — A commitee has been appointed to have the P.T.A. sponsor and pay for landscaping the Elementary and the Junior-Senior High School. This is a very large project likely to be carried as the project for 1964-65. The school board feels that the school district cannot afford to landscape at this time.

CUB SCOUTS Mr. Frank Bauman, a teacher in the Parshall High School in 1947-1848, and now on the faculty of Minot State College, promoted the forming of a Cub Scout Pack, here in Parshall. He induced the Lutheran Brotherhood to sponsor this project, and he was appointed institutional representative. Records of the early committees are not readily available by years. However, some of the leaders were: Ray Newnam, Lester Lorvig, John Risan, Theo­ dore Binkley, Donald Olson and Pastor Thompson. Den mothers during the early years included: Mrs. Ray Newnam, Mrs. Oscar Lyson, Mrs. Gordon Galliger, Mrs. Jim Bartelson, Mrs. George Milbrath, Mrs, William Kuehn and Mrs. William Werlinger. Many of the Parshall Cub Scouts of past year have distinguished them­ selves, worthily: Gary Wittmayer, who is now a Lutheran pastor; Donald Drablos, who is now a career officer in the U.S. Air Force; Perry Lyson and Thomas Risan are both teachers and Stanley Lyson serves on the Police Force in Williston. The Brotherhood continues to sponsor this organization and at the present time there are four dens functioning, consisting of eight boys in each. We apologize for items and names which might be omitted. Inade­ quate records and failing memories just can't put things right up-to-date at times. — 154 — Parshall's First Band — 1917. Left to right are Lokensgard, England, L. E. Perry, Otterness, Otterness, Learn, Otterness, P. Broste, Ellingson, Kjelstrup, Carver (?), Simonson, Young, Otterness, Krogen and Wally Veum (little boy). Sitting — 1. to r. Henry Herfindahl and Smith.

PARSHALL W.C.T.U. The Women's Christian Temperance Union is an organization of Christian women banded together for the protection of the home, the abolition of the liquor traffic and the triumph of Christ's golden rule in custom and in law. The Parshall Union was organized November 3, 1927 with the following as charter members: Mrs. Juliete Hove, President; Mrs. J. D. Remple, Vice President; Mrs. W. F Willing, Secretary; Mrs. J. W. Jones, Treasurer; Mesdames R. 0. Torgerson, P. H. Jones, Eric Johnson, John Roberts, Sallie Steffen, Tom Cooper, Axel Olson, Henry Geving, Hans Sjol, R. Justad, Bert Warren, J. A. Johnson, Miss Pfaff, Miss Gurntholtz and Miss Hallie Brower.

PARSHALL JAYCEES The Jaycees of Parshall were first organized in 1945 through the efforts of Mr. Fred Hankins, Paul Nolting and the Minot Jaycees. The first president was Wallace Hovey. Some of their projects were Fall Festivals, Community Clean-up and obtaining finances for the Parshall Memorial Hall. This group lasted a few years and then lost interest in their or­ ganization. The Parshall Jaycees of today were extended through the Watford City Jaycees in 1961. Twenty-five members were 155 — Congratulations Parshall On Your 50th Birthday

PARSHALL DRY CLEANERS Parshall, North Dakota MR. & MRS. ROBERT SPITZER, Proprietors

KAUTT'S

For 40 Years — We aim to make it 80.

IT'S STILL THAT BEST DRINK IN TOWN.

Rakstad's Blacksmith Shop

CONGRATULATIONS PARSHALL ON YOUR 50TH ANNIVERSARY! NORIN & VI RAKSTAD

Congratulations Parshall On Your 50th Anniversary 50 Years Of Progress HILDA LUCKSINGER Representative for "AVON" Products

— 156 — signed up by the time of the Charter night. Today our chapter has a total of 45 members. Don Neprash was the president for 1961-1962; Herb Geving for 1962-1963; Marvis V. Paulson for 1963-1964. James Weigum is the present secretary and Willie Martens is the Treasurer. Achievements of the Jaycees to date have been very rewarding with many projects such as the Fall Festivals, Miss Gateway Pagant, Dances, Community Clean-up, Tennis Court, Fund-raising for the Paul Broste Museum to be build in 1964 in Parshall, D. S. A. - O. Y. F. Ban­ quet and other forms of entertainment. Winners of the D. S. A. Award for 1963 was Herb Geving, both local and State Winner. Winner for 1964 was Marvis V. Paulson, Local Outstanding Young Farmer for 1962 was Wayne Zahnow and 1963 was Gordon Evenson. Mr. E. A. Hilde was judged the Outstanding Boss for 1963. The Jaycees were presently working on the 50th Golden Jubilee for Parshall, House Numbering Project, Community Clean-up for 1964. The Jaycees are also working for Herb Geving for State President of North Dakota Jayces for 1964.

BOY SCOUTS Troop 76 was first organized in March 1932, and was sponsored by the Parshall P.T.A. This troop was in existence until April of 1940. Members of this original troop were: Daniel Brugh, Douglas Crich- ton, Robert Dalen, George Dalen, Kenneth Elton, Myron Freeze, Merlin Gavin, Wallace Hovey, Orval Hovey, Stanford Justad, Stanley Justad, Norman Jordette, Donald Kjelstrup, Charles Kenney, Lee Mc­ Laughlin, Paul Martens, Paul Nickels, Martin Risan, Alvin Risan, LeRoy Rambeck, Eugene Solomonson, Kenneth Vig, Alvin Vig, William Warren and Ken­ neth Hoff. The Scoutmaster was Dr. G. S. Frogner, Committeemen were: E. O. Lerberg, J. E. Lohman and H. J. Sjol. In December 1940, a Neighborhood Patrol was organized and the charter in December 1941. The Scouts registered at this time included: Charles Butler, Jr., Elmer Butler, Harlan Lyson, Kenneth Nelson, John J. Scholz, Jr., and Billy McGarvey. The Scoutmaster was J. J. Seher. Com­ mitteemen were Tom Cooper, Joy Kline and Henry Rambur. In May 1942, the Volunteer Firemen sponsored Troop 76, and the charter expired in May, 1944. Scouts registered were: Kenneth Nelson, Dale Johnson, Robert Hankins, John Schram, Bruce Lyson, Albert Tompers, John Scholz, Albert Kraft, Wm. McGarvey, Wm. Lohman, Jack Hem­ mingson, George Volimas, Jerome Kraft and Charles Butler. The Scout­ master was J. Daniel Brugh. Assistant Scoutmasters were Wade Wil­ liamson and Gary Lerberg. Committeemen were Wilton H. Kuehn, J. H. Kline and Edwin W. Nelson. From October 1945 to the present time the Parshall Civic Association has sponsored the troop. In 1945 members of the Troop were: Jack Hem­ mingson, Johnny Volimas, Eugene Glasner, Morris Scholz, James Butler, — 157 — Herbert Geving, Darrell Hanlon, Jacque Shubert, Donald Drablos, Ervin Zavalney, Leonard Nelson, William McGarvey, Herbert Lyson, Lowell Hudson, Kenneth Erickson, Gordon Evenson, George Volimas, Teddy Zavalney, Buddy Zavalney, William Spitzer, Joseph Kraft, Floyd Ander­ son, Larry Hudson, Elroy Rakstad and Vance E. Olson. Rev. Roland Hauser was Scoutmaster. Committeemen were: E. J. Pflugrath, Rev. M. B. Iverson, Herbert Geving, Wade Williamson, Jack Cooper and Paul Nolting. In January of 1958, the Troop became known as Troop 476. From 1955-1959, Arthur Hedberg was Scoutmaster and Chet Ruland served as the Assistant Scoutmaster. Mr. Ruland took over as Scout­ master in 1959 with Clarence Erickson serving as Assistant Scoutmaster. In 1961 Clarence Erickson assumed the duties of Scoutmaster to be followed in 1963 by Allan R. Bergland. Present committeemen are Orville Nord- quist, F. W. Ahlgren, Donald Miller, Einar Haugen and Max H. Adams. Wayne W. Peery is institutional representative. In 1964, the present members of Troop No. 476 are: Larry Hedberg, Bob Blatherwick, Donnie Morlang, Wayne Ahlgren, Tim Nordquist, Chris Rogstad, Roger Kostenko, Bruce Edwards, Bruce Blatherwick, Mike Annala, Eugene Eisenzimmer, Forrest Hornaday, David Engel, Lynn Lavanger, Wade Williamson, Jr., Lee Walsh, Rodger Werlinger, Francis Walsh, Timothy Werlinger, Ricky Bushore, Tony Kautt and Gordon Kostenko.

THE NORTH DAKOTA COMMUNITY BETTERMENT PROGRAM FOR PARSHALL Parshall joined in the initial North Dakota Community Betterment Program in 1959. This was an effort by the newly organized state economic development commission to make towns more conscious of themselves and what they could do to improve themselves. In conjunction with this and at about the same time a local development corporation was organized, and through the Betterment Program and the Develop­ ment Corporation, a sizeable impact was made on the community in the year of 1959. The impact was such that at the award banquet held in Jamestown in 1960, Parshall received recognition for first place in it's population class, in advancement made in the previous year. Also, they were for­ tunate enough. to win the sweepstakes award for all towns in the state. Not only was this recognition something wonderful for us, but the cash prize of $1200.00 was particularly welcome. One of the main develop­ ments in that year, for which credit was received in our sweepstakes winning, was the fact that five new business buildings were erected in this one year; two of them through the help of the Development Cor­ poration and three of them privately. There were other advancements made as well as this, but this was the outstanding one. In addition to the bowling alley and Skogmo's Dept. Store, Ray's Sporting Goods, the Tastee Freez and the new Doctor's Clinic were erected. Much can be said for the advertising value and the impetus that it gave to community spirit in winning the first state contest. Again in — 158 — 1960, Parshall joined the Betterment Program and came in fourth place and for which we received another $400.00 cash prize. Parshall did not enter the Betterment Program the following year and the year follow­ ing that no program was held. Parshall will again join in the Better­ ment Program for 1964 and the recognition awards will be held some time late in the year to cover the calendar year of 1963, and about three- fourths of 1964. Regardness of it's placing, Parshall will have a good report to make for it's progress in the last two years. Part of the prize money was spent for Main Street Christmas de­ corations and most of the balance was invested in the Fund Drive for the Broste Museum.

PARSHALL COMMUNITY MEN'S CHORUS JERRY SPITZER — DIRECTOR

Mrs. Richard Muhlbradt — Pianist Mary Muhlbradt — Helper Reading right to left — First Row: Clarence Butler, Edgar Kjel­ strup, Gary Solomonson, Donald Roberts, Daniel Nordquist, Gordon Klabo, Kenneth Haugen. Second Row: Ronald Broste, Rodney Hudson, Clark Van Horn, Marvin Hovey, Herb Geving, Gene Solomonson, Charles Butler, Leo Vossler. Third Row: Peder Yri, - Harold Nisson, Leonard Macheel, Richard Muhlbradt, Carl Bartz, Herman (Jr.) Muhlbradt, David Muhlbradt. Fourth Row: Jack Cooper, Donald Kohls, Norlan Rue, Arnold Hilleran, Hiram Nelson, Oscar Hovey, Carl Kvale, Albert Tompers, Lester Lorvig.

The Parshall Community Male Chorus was formed in December of 1960 by a group of interested singers in the community. Jerry Spitzer became our Conductor with Mrs. Dick Muhlbradt our Accompanist. Mr. Spitzer at the time was majoring in Music at the Minot State Teachers College. — 159 — Originally their were 51 members. The chorus had the pleasure of singing and entertaining at a number of State Conventions, Banquets- Hospitals, Memorial Day program and many other events. They sang at the Inauguration Ceremony of Governor William L. Guy in Bismarck on January 4, 1961. At a later date they were designated the "OFFICIAL GOVERNOR'S CHORUS" for the year 1961 by Governor Guy. They presented two outstanding shows, "Land of Cotton" minstrel and Robert E. Lee, "Show Boat". The Chorus is a credit to the Parshall Community and the finest Musical group ever organized in this area.

PARSHALL AMERICAN LEGION ARTHUR SOLIE POST 121 The Parshall American Legion, Arthur Solie Post No. 121 was granted it's charter on December 23, 1919. The Post was named in honor of Arthur Solie who was the first soldier killed in action on the battle­ field in France during World War I, from this com­ munity. His parents lived here a short while. The Original charter members are as follows: Henry Sell R. L. Bard J. P. Brendal Jacob H. Withers Lawrence J. Madsen Nick Nelson Martin Sorenson E. B. Kjelstrup Art H. Sell Claude J. Christgau John O'Hanlon Henry W. Arnson Andrew J. Cremer Bert G. Shubert J. Arthur Solien The Post has been active in many community affairs in assisting in organizing and promoting civic and sports activities, such as: Legion Baseball, Basket Ball, Boxing, Swimming Pool, Boy Sccuts, Boy's State, Supporting High School Band and Memorial Hall. At the present time they have 72 active members. Each year the Legion conducts an outstanding Memorial Day Program in the Memorial Hall and cemetery ceremonies commemorating our soldier dead. May they rest in peace! American Legion Honor Roll Joe Lohman (1) Arthur Solie U) Elmer LaRoche (2) Sly van Baker (2) Lyle Wolanski (2) Norman Kjelstrup (1) Emil Pappenfus (1) Otto Pappenfuss (1) William Ehlert (1) Paul G. Nichols (2) Ingvold Nelson (2) Roy Folkerson (1) Julius Brendal (1) Kenneth Nelson (2) Arthur Lyson (1) Martin Aubo) (1) Reuben Ruud (2) Jerald Hermundstad (Korea) Arthur Aune (1) Alvin Risan (2) Elmer Butler (1) Olav Haave (1) Sam Williamson (1) Martin Kraft (1) Sjur Onstad (1) Loftie Flow (1)

160 — Lubrication — Washing — Pickup & Delivery Atlas Tires — Batteries — Accessories "As You Travel Ask Us" DAN CHAYS, Prop. FOR FREE PICK-UP & DELIVERY CALL UN 2-6262 Dan's Standard Parshall, North Dakota

Congratulations Parshall on your 50th Anniversary

Fargo Paint & Glass Co. Fargo, North Dakota

Congratulations from the Minot Office Equipment Ass'n CLUTE OFFICE SUPPLY GAFFANEY'S CENTRAL OFFICE SUPPLY MINOT TYPEWRITER CO.

Congratulations to Parshall On Its 50th Birthday

Gamble Robinson Co. Minot. North Dakota

— 161 — Peter Tompers (1) Fred Dewel (Sp. Amer.) Bert Larson (1) Henry Sell (1) Fred Hankins, Jr. (2) Fred Wheeler (1) Cladwyn Roberts (2) Charles Deardruff (1) Albert Spitzer (2) Virgil Christiansor, (1) Harley Jones (2) Ardian Baker (2) Paul Martens (2) Bert Baardson (1) Francis Newnam (Civil) John Irwin Jr. (Korea) Herman Hoffman (1) Lawrpnce Madson (1) Raymond Nelson (2) Frank Travers (1) Albin Waldock (2) Bert Shubert (1 & 2) Arthur 0. Johnson (1) Art Sell (1) American Legion Auxiliary Honor Roll Ruth Cooper Julia Aune Mrs. LaValley Mary Colclough Bessie Holmen Alma Lohman Rita Frogner Johanna Qualle Ellen Dye Dora Edwards Ruth Sund Emma Newnam Hannah Kjelstrup

THE PARSHALL HOMEMAKERS CLUB In August of 1930 a group of ladies gathered at the home of Mrs. M. E. Monson, then living north­ west of Parshall, for the purpose of organizing a homemakers club. At that meeting "Our Com­ munity Homemakers" club was organized and it has been functioning continuously since that time. To this club goes the honor of being the oldest club to organize in the southern portion of Moun­ trail County (Parshall area). The club still has two charter members with them, namely Mrs. Milla Iverson and Mrs. Bertha Hovlis. The Parshall Homemakers Club sponsored by Our Community Home- makers Club was organized on August 7, 1947, at the home of Mrs. Charles Butler. The first slate of officers for this new club were: President — Mrs. Spencer Estvold; Vice-president — Mrs. Merle Jones; Sc.-Treas. — Mrs. Jack Cooper; Program Chairman — Mrs. Spencer Scheer. Other first-year members- of the club were: Mrs. Ken Krueger, Mrs. Lee Steffen. Mrs. Carl Erickson, Mrs. Fred Ahlgren, Mrs. Ralph Wales, Mrs. Don Martins Mrs. Marvin Sanderson, Mrs. Bernie Storlie, Mrs. Ben Collins, Mrs. Lester Clark, Mrs. Don Binkley, Mrs. Rudolph Brendle, Mrs. Addison Hedberg, Mrs. James Kline, Mrs. Art Hedberg. Original members still belonging to the club are: Mrs. Jack Cooper, Mrs. Addison Hedberg, Mrs. Art Hedberg, Mrs. Spencer Estvold. Over 70 ladies of the Parshall community have belonged to this club one time or another. Besides studying the main projects lessons on foods, clothing and — 162 — WE CONGRATULATE PARSHALL ON YOUR 50TH ANNIVERSARY REESE GROCERY C. REESE, Prop. Telephone GY 7-5445 Plaza, North Dakota

Congratulations To Parshall On Their Fiftieth Anniversary BAHR'S Inc. Beauty & Barber Shop 69 North 5th Street, Fargo, North Dakota

PARSHALL WELDING COMPANY

Welding Specialist — 35 Years Experience AUGIE JACOBS, Proprietor

JACOBS MOTEL

Member: Greater North Dakota Association North Dakota Motel Association American Motor Hotel Association Augie & Dorothy Jacobs Owners - Managers

— 163 home management each year, the Parshall Homemakers Club has taken an active part in, and contributed to many organizations for the better­ ment of Parshall and the surrounding area, as well as the state. List of homemakers presidents, homemakers clubs in Mountrail County: Bandal — Mrs. Stanton Nelson, Parshall Fertile Banner — Mrs. Eugene Solomonson, Parshall Happy Home — Mrs. Dennis Nordquist, Parshall Harmony — Mrs. Oscar Huus, Parshall Merri-Niters — Mrs. Helmer Wiesz, Parshall Our Community — Mrs. Einar Jacobson, Parshall Parshall — Mrs. Peder Yri, Parshall Parshall Star — Mrs. Ruth Bolman, Parshall or Ina B. Hall, New Town Raub — Mrs. Ivan Avery, Parshall

4-H CLUBS 4-H work has been very active in this portion of Mountrail County since that branch of extension service was instituted. Neither time, space, nor auth­ entic knowledge will permit us to list, at this time, the vast number of outstanding accomplishments which our younger set has gleaned from this most important and worthwhile vocation. Charles Wales was the prime factor in organiz­ ing the first 4-H Club in Mountrail County. The present active 4-H Clubs working in this area and their respective leaders are: Parshall Beef Growers — Spencer Estvold, Leader Little Women — Mrs. Eugene Solomson, Leader Parshall Pixies — Mrs. Spencer Estvold, Leader Hillbillies — Arnold Hilleren, Leader Farmerettes — Mrs. Loren Hauge, Leader Fort Berthold Boosters — Girls Leaders: Joy Paetz, Phyllis Grinnell, Christine Young. Boys Leaders: Francis Young, Rev. Jim Engel, Asst. Leader, and Grace Henry. Lucky Mound Lakers — Lucky Mound Lakers — Mr. and Mrs. Adrian Foote, Leaders

LIBRARY The original planning for the present Library was done by the PTA in 1954. During the winter months, interested persons collected book donations from the townspeople. The purpose of the groups was to educate the readers in the proper cataloging of a library as well as to furnish books. The need for this had been examined by state librarians who felt the young college students neglected the college libraries because of the lack of familiarity with the system. With this goal in mind, many hours were spent by volunteers in properly cataloging over 1,000 books. — 164 — From April, 1955 to April, 1957 the Library purchased new books with money donated by individuals and organizations in Parshall. Since April, 1957 the Library has been supported by taxation. In 1963 the Library had grown to 3,000 volumes and could no longer be contained in the City Council room. The American Legion then per­ mitted the Library to take over its larger quarters. The list of persons who have made this Library possible through the donation of their time and effort is too long to publish. However, there's is the satisfaction of knowing that this Library is one of the very few that acually spends almost all its money on books rather than on salaries, maintainence or rent. Future goals include still larger quarters with reading rooms and more hours of service to the public. Special mention should be made of Mrs. Olga Estvold and Mrs. Claudia Risan who have so generously given of their time to serve as our indispensible librarians.

JANUARY 22, 1915 — THE CITY BEAUTIFUL The symphony of hammers and saws can be heard night and day in Parshall. To say that this town is enjoying a healthy growth is but a maxim. Our citizens are not in a comotose condition, but are imbued with the spirit of the West, which causes them to keep alive and alert, and never overlooking for a chance to put in a word of praise for the little paradise of southern Mountrail. There are a few good opening here for live, young business men, and to those who want to leave the congested cities of the East, and get into business on their own hook, we extend a welcome. Today is the morning of opportunity; pin your faith in Parshall, the town with a present as well as a future!

January 27, 1915 Mr. and Mrs. Hovey entertained at a six o'clock dinner last Tuesday evening. Those attending were: Mr. and Mrs. Rodgers, Mr. and Mrs. Walmsby, Miss Blonde and Dr. Frogner.

The first fire bell and curfew was set up for use on September 13, 1917. This was a 32 inch bell.

The first fire siren for fire alarm and curfew was set up for use on January 7, 1926.

The first cement sidewalks for Parshall were put in by contractor Wade Williamson. They were laid down for N. 0. Sanden, 0. K. Cafe, and City Meat Market.

Our First Brick Front on Main Street - August 13, 1915. It sure presents a fine appearance.

The first local boy ordained into the ministry from Parshall was Garland Wittmayer, who returned to his home church in 1963 for ordina­ tion services. — 165 — ' • ' >Lss

Clara Blonde, first principal and Adda Parizak, an early teacher.

Parshall Public School P*nhtU, Mountrail Co., North D«ke "pupil* Oct. n, 1915- June 23, HIS

WVEWTH GRADE : tortnct S.Hici'Ili M.•(•,!,:! i'JY & David Larin Ruby T.lni>.B'l.\hi Aun.i 5-;v-ii., [vHjjh C.unvi'ly Helm Natwlok Loyd Austin Burney Veum L«it«i Scbratn CLARA BLONDE, SIXTH MADE T«ach«r Adelaide Taujldab] B irnlea Hovey :•"!:, ,''! i'i: JgJ Larin 'i' ' : '

J Remembrance of Parshall Public School — 1915-16. 166 PARSHALL SCHOOL 1914-1964 Parshall education system got its start in 1916. The first school opened in the Congregational Church with Clara Blonde as principal. She taught grades 5, 6 & 7 while the lower grades were instructed by Mrs. Davis. Later the basement of the Lutheran Church housed the school before a building could be provided for this important activity of the new but rapidly growing community. The previous picture shows Clara Blonde and an early teacher, Adda Parizak. The two teachers lived together in Clara Blonde's house locat­ ed near the present elementary school. It is now a part of the home occupied by the William Hanson family. By September 1916 there were 114 children of school age so the Saint Bridget's Catholic Church basement had to be pressed into service as a grade room. The school basement was not ready for service until 1917. When it was ready it provided four rooms and by 1921 a room had been prepared for high school classes. By 1917 ten students were ready to enter high school.

Pniynam . "ThPrtaEt diameters: Eats. A Student at BfukrUla ffignSeoool Ora, Hw Sitter. A(,c-li

Syiio(>?f An t. Heater raaeti her conscieot <-•: ako Cir..l(n.i; and -i plol unfolds. "Stolen." Act i. A class reception with a mfi ling host—. "Boy Wanted!" A forecaal o7 the future, "Coma right in, Ijoysf" •The Woodland Spring." Kink,' . Heulii Austin and MabeJ [rerson Act 1. "Miinii Triumph»(*," Gopfcaert', Dp. 85. Tlnodon, Floyd and Edna Damachan. "Atl'lay." C, (liirlitt, Dorothy Tangadahl. "Al Poncing School," \l. Arnold. Tl ' ,i ' '.irnioilv. "Tin Mlage Blaclk imlth," Unw, Nora Richardson, Edna DamKhen. "Sing, :,'',l,in, Sinjr," Spauldina. Unore Urin. Act 2. •'.U.iri'li," Lemon, Tilrodm,'. Kl„,'r| .ilnl Ivln.i |i.iiii..rli,.Ti. •1,-r.ly l''.iir" Beula Auatln. "Noctorne," ftrorao Op. 47, DnvidUrin. "Alpln Vii.ln," l„ Andre, Flonnca landan, Ruby Tangidahl, Sooa>PantoralB», By SI* fill-'-

— 167 — Providing high school facilities proved to be a difficult problem in those pioneer days. Only a partial list of the students is available of those who graduated from other schools before Parshall had a four year high school. Of the Colclough family five members were graduated from Minot High School. They were Florence, Marguerite, George, Gertrude and Pearl. Frank also attended high school in Minot but was graduated from a school in another state. Adelaide and Dorothy Tangedahl were graduates from Minot, but Kenneth from Gilmonton, Wisconsin, and Raymond from Stanley. Florence Sanden completed at University II. S. Grand Forks. Nora Richardson and Hester Johnson finished in Minot. Albina Hanzal, Bernice Evenson, Maude and Anna Evans, Pearl Clemenson, Viola Andes, Gladys Andes, Valera Schram, Elian Fosberg and Berdie Stall are all graduates from Plaza High School. Bernice Hovey completed her high school at Ryder and Phyllis Robindeaux at Bismarck. No doubt there are others who should be listed, but time and space do not permit more detailed reports. Inadequate records have made the compiling of a complete record most difficult. Two newspaper reports provide the following information: July 12, 1923 — "Brick masons arrived Sunday P. M. and work of erecting the walls of the new school building is progressing at a lively clip." From a letter issue came the information — "Everything will be ready for the opening school in the new building on January 7, 1924. On Friday afternoon and evening of January 11, the building will be open for public inspection." By September 1925 a full story providing four more rooms had been completed. So in addition to all eight grades many high school subjects were being taught. J. M. Learn was the principal and the total teaching staff numbered six. John Geving was janitor. Not until 1926 did Parshall have a graduating class. Records show that there were three members. Anna Hines, Beulah Needham, and Omar Jacobson. The lists of the rest of the classes are to be found at the end of this article. Growth continued even during the early, "dirty" 30's when another story was added to the school house to accomodate the steadily in­ creasing enrollment. This afforded ample study hall and class room space. Part of the basement area had been converted into a gymnasum- auditorium with a stage which could be raised and lowered as the need required. This third story addition, however, proved to be too heavy for the foundation. For many years the school directors were plagued with the problem of providing an adequate, safe building for the ever increasing school population. Much diligent planning and work had to be done. In 1956 the board of directors were fortunate in securing the services of E. R. Hilde for school superintendent. He came equipped with considerable experience as an organizer and builder. Mr. Hilde's skills, his vision and patience along with those of the whole community were sorely taxed during the reorganization and construction period. — 168 — ADMINISTRATION DURING CONSTRUCTION Rev Robin Hauser President, Board of Education Ralph Bartelson Member, Board of Education Raymond Hovda Member, Board of Education Oscar Huus Member, Board of Education John Risan Member, Board of Education Mrs. Lee Ella Schram Clerk Josephine Hauser Treasurer E. R. Hilde Superintendent of Schools

ISBSSfSSi

By September 1958, the eight room modern grade school was occupied and in operation. Open house was held October 3. Almost immediately it was evident that more room was needed. In 1959 another four rooms were added assuring adequate space under normal conditions for the six elementary grades.

— 169 — A Herculean job still remained to be done to provide for the junior- senior high school. Much of this time there was a very real danger that parts of the old building might fall down upon the heads of the occupants. A number of chunks actually did fall, but fortunately no one was in­ jured. A location rather far removed from the elementary school was finally decided upon. Work of clearing and leveling the north hill began in 1960. Throughout the winter of 1961-1962 and the spring and summer of '62 work proceeded. The old school building had been condemmed so the new building was moved into while the workmen were still continuing the finishing proceedures. Faculty and custodians with school teaching equipment literally followed behind the construction workers. All during the school year finishing activity continued. By November the Vocational agriculture wing and the excellently planned music department were occupied. The quarters of the athletic department and the auditorium were the last to be com­ pleted so it was 1963 before all departments were functioning in the new building. The first part of the basketball season had had to operate in the Memorial building on Main Street where for years all athletic and school functions had been held. ADMINISTRATION DURING CONSTRUCTION Wade Williamson President, Board of Education Alex Auch Member, Board of Education Marvin Hovey Member, Board of Education Ralph Bartelson Member, Board of Education B. J. Waldock Member, Board of Education Eugene Solomonson Member, Board of Education Mrs. Lee Ella Schram Clerk Mavis Hames Treasurer E. R. Hilde Superintendent of Schools

The dream had finally come true. Reorganization of Parshall Com­ munity School District had been achieved. Construction costs for the two buildings had amounted to $1,020,024.16, but it was a proud, satisfying day of open house and dedication Sunday, April 7, 1963. A well kept sur- 170 — prise was made known when Board president, Wade Williamson presented a beautiful bronze plaque dedicating the new high school to Superintendent E. R. Hilde.

sMhM '

Minuteman Missile Complex activity made a definite impact on en­ rollment in Parshall School during 1963 and 1964. Peak enrollment was reached with 854 pupils in 1964. High school was 222 but dropped back to a normal of 176 before the end of the 1964 term. Think back to the two teachers in 1914 and then consider that the reorganized district in 1963-1964 employed thirty. That rather well illustrates the growth of the Parshall Community School system.

Superintendent and Mrs. E. R. Hilde came to Parshall in July, 1956, where Mr. Hilde has since served as Superintendent of Schools. During his tenure as Superin­ tendent, a plan for school district reorganization was prepared, and adopted in 1958 creating a district of 351 sections of land taking the place of thirteen former one-room schools and two former two-room Consolidated Schools. In 1961, six­ teen sections were added making a district of 367 sections. In 1958 a new modern eight room elementary school was com­ pleted and in 1959, four class rooms were added. Plans were already underway for a new high school which was occupied in the fall of 1962 and completed in 1963. School Board members who served before reorganization were: Supt. E. R. Hilde, 1956 - 1964 Rev. Robin Hauser, President, Ralph Bartelson, Ray Hovda, Oscar Huus, and John Risan. Board members serving since reorganization were — 171 Wade Williamson, President, Alex Auch, Ralph Bartelson, Marvin Hovey, Eugene Solomonson, B. J. Waldock and Gordon Evenson. Clerk has been Lee Ella Schram and Treasurers have been Josephine Hauser and Mavis Hames. Mr. Hilde grew up in Williams County, received his B. A. Degree from Minot State College, took his graduate work at the University of North Dakota and at Oregon State College. Superintendencies besides Parshall were Van Hook, Noonan, Grenora, County Superintendent Williams County, and Washburn. Mrs. Hilde is the former Lillian Hynek. She grew up in Mountrail County and lived for a time in Nebraska where she attended school. Mr. and Mrs. Hilde were married in 1927 while he was attending the University of North Dakota. They have two children, Donna Mae and Thomas Wayne Clark. Both are now married and live in San Diego. Donna is a reading supervisor in San Diego Schools, and Thomas is a Geologist with Scripps Institute of Oceanography. Donna's husband, Fred­ eric Jefferis, formerly of Washburn is editor of a magazine published by San Diego Light and Power Company, Tom's wife, a teacher in San Diego, is the former Dianne Fundingsland of Parshall. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hilde are happy and proud to have had a part in the life of the Parshall community for the past eight years and to work with the wonderful people selected by the community to serve as school officials. During 1963, Mr. Hilde was nominated for the National Who's Who in Education, received the Honorary Degree of State Farmer at the State University in Fargo, and the new High School was dedicated in his honor. Mr. Hilde states that they will leave for San Diego in July, but they will never forget the wonderful people, school officials, staff members and students, that they have had the pleasure of working with at Parshall. They plan to establish themselves some where in Southern California and will welcome visitors from the Parshall Community at any time. An honor "which gives Mr. Hilde a real feeling of satisfaction came to him January 18, 1964 when the Parshall Junior Chamber of Com­ merce awarded him a certificate of appreciation as the outstanding boss of the year.

SCHOOL GRADUATES 1926 THROUGH 1964 1926 Omar Jacobson Beulah Needham Anna Hines 1927 Ruth M. Aubol Frances B. Geving Alice C. Moerke Lloyd James Needham Bernice Bjerk Herbert 0. Stall 1928 Irene Torgerson Alice Sjol Agnes Carlson John Risan Clara Sjol Eleanor Jordet Ross Johnson Hattie Stall — 172 — 1929 Carma Knutson Lloyd Olson Margaret Ahlgren Solveig Lande Harold Quale Viola Dalen Clarence Michael Esther Shobe Lillian Finke Minnie Needham Pearl Tommerdahl Evelyn Jacobs

1930 Pearl Evans Harley Jones Arthur Gregory Celestine Jordet Alice Geving Otto Lande Clarence Michael Laura Mae Peterson George Odermann Selmer Sjol Harold Ytreeide Esther Nordquist LeRoy Finke Pauline Anderson Beatrice Skogen Harold Pusc

1931 Almond Geving Leone Moxley Gladys Risan Opal Steen Mildred Larson Ed C. Odermann Hazel Moxley Violet Bolkan Evelyn Landaker John Brendal Erma Jones Spencer Scheer Irene Carlson Clement Landaker Helene Sjol Leon Lande Madeline Debertin Alma Planting

1932 Lillian C. Bolstad Pauline A. Gaardsmoe Frances Gast Evelyn Finke Olga Jordet Genevieve E. Solomonson Norma C. Lunde Marjorie Olson Victoria D. Havlis Isabel Holman II. Merle Jones William J. Blum Emery S. Nordquist Marvin E. Steffen Raymond E. Torgerson Ted Olson Elmo Allenson

1933 George Hovey Dorothy Torgerson Orrin Luchsinger Donald Miller Ivol Bartelson Lloyd Lande Olive Carlson Jack Boyce Florence Peterson Florence Ahlgren Nettie Erickson Carol Crippen Charles Kinney Elaine Frogner Ted Binkley Russell Brugh Marion Allenson Harry Mortenson Gladys Brekke

1934 Ruth Gast Delpha Bolkan Lois Sellers Priscilla Jacobs Dorothy Anderson Paul Nichols Elsie Nordquist Fay Davis George Risan Louise Torgerson Elvira Norby Gladys Myers Leslie Ytreeide Beatrice Luchsinger Esther Luchsinger Juanita Tatman Francis Rarnbur William Theobald Gladys Finke Evelyn Fuglie Georgia Mortenson Lela Bolkan Irene Johnson

173 — 1935 Kathleen Woken Charles Miller Caroline Klesalek Merlin Olson Mabel Theobold Evelyn Edwardson Ruth Lunde Dora Bolkan Charles Kaplan Gordon Galligher Donald Schroeder Maxwell Bryan William Crlchton Donald Binkley Eugene Solomonson Irene Ruud Mildred Soderberg Delia Jordet Vivian Tangedahl Agnes Anderson Kenneth Hoff Gerald Blum Kenneth Jones Sybil Havlis Kenneth Steen Viola Vorwerk 1936 Reuben Torgerson Rachel Thorn Elaine Ytreeide Lynn Swanson Muriel Doten Lee Martha Sholaas Arthur Hedberg Olive Elton George Kaczor Irvin Wutzke Ruth Sethen Weldon Hendrickson Peter Woken Marjorie Binkley Elmer Aanerud Doris Ruud Olive A. Sholaas Donald Debertin John Rambur Minnie Torgerson Matthew Odermann Randolph Estvold Lorna II. Homme Carl Carlson Jeanne Rodgers Helen Skogen Max Scroggs Adeline Sorenson Kenneth Elton Eddie Nordquist Isabelle Watson Robert Crippen Marvin Hovey 1937 Vincent Pusc Lee Steffen Martin Risan Florence Stanek Helen Rambur Robert Dalen Lillian Schnase Orphie Lunde Luella Rapp Ardyce Iverson Grace Finke Gladys Folden Hazel Jones Paul Martens Rita Nichols Hazel Schnase Myrtle Hilleren Orville Overmoen Irma Woessner Albin Waldock Miles Woken Geraldine Tompers Eunice Peterson Bertha Miller Geneveive Nichols Janet Runquist Ella Johnson Pauline Robideaux Alice Klesalek Isabelle Nelson William Warren Reuben Ruud Bernice Schultz 1938 Lawrence Steen Lois Meyers Kenneth Shaffer Gladys Nordquist Erma Torgerson Lawrence Meyers Theodora Hedberg Stanton Nelson Maynard Geving Oranda Aseheim Bernie Storlie Doris Shubert Alice Brugh Ella Putz Myrtes Grove De Ilia Klesalek Laurin Knutson Anna Sjol Doris Lundgren Marvin Bolkan Roland Ytreeide Roberta Edwardson Betty Lindstrom Maynard Clauson Leo Kraft 1939 Roy Hovey Jack Cooper Frank Stanek Francis Paetz Arnold Hilleren Fern Bolkan — 174 George Dalen Harold Nelson Vivian Ahlgren Harold Maurer Wallace Myers Ellen Baldwin Bernadine Spitzer Eliot Runquist Arline Hilleren Mary Ann Finke Wade Williamson Kenneth Moyer Milford Smith Jennie Helgeson Wallace Nelson George Ruud Isabelle Scholaas Howard Berntson Milton Justad William Rambur Ethel Lonnquist DuWayne Woken

1940 Johnnie Havlis Delores Solberg Verda Elton Emma Schnase William Riggs Marjorie Shubert Rueben Olson Norman Ascheim Norma Clauson Marilyn Tompers Beverly Jacobson Eunice Myers Francis Clark Lyle Wolanski Thelma Billadeau June Ringdahl Margaret Knutson Glen Hoff Gloria Hemmingson John Casey Catherine Snyder Raymond Phinney Ruth Luchsinger Clair Nichols Nettie Monson Evelyn Dilley Helen Lohman Spencer Estvold

1941 Orval Risan Ruby Peterson Robert Nichols John Justad Eva Hoff Orville Nordquist Carl Jordet Luella Phinney Donald Needham Rolo Crippen Clayton Warner Robert Odermann Ethel Finke Russell Pusc Elnora Knutson Evelyn Grove Vivian Ytreeide Cleo Hemmingson Blanche Klesalek Ruth Peterson Eldon Woken Edith Erickson Anna Risan Eldon Schultz Helen Howen Beverly Hovey Clara Onstad Dorothy Soderberg Beatrice Olson Norma Hovda Mabel Lundgren Walter Wolanski Louis Wanner Mae Kurschinski

1942 Beatrice Edwardson Gary Lerberg Rosemary Wolanski Richard Casey Donald Olson Leo Rambur Robert Casey Marlys Scheer Robert Hove Lillian Kraft Beatrice Struck Dorothy Tompers Jorgena Olson Gladwin Roberts Kenneth Krueger Parry Kline Lyle Iverson Lorretta Clark Gordon Olson Betty Steffen Priscilla Myers Audrey Madsen James Klesalek Wilfred Myers Clara Kraft Edythe Finke Clark Hendrickson Albert Tompers Phyllis Werlinger Grace Lunde Paul Warren Donald Miller Annie Brugh Ruth Olson Earl Liebel Helen Erickson Elaine Jensen Marion Monson Edith Nelson

— 175 1943 Catherine Clyde Doris Huseby Doris Debertin Beulah Baardson Arlene Hove Helen Odermann Orrin Hilleren Eunice Roberts Kenneth Nelson Rosemary Mitchell Bobby Kautt Delores Smith Jewell Grove Olivia Lyson Richard Muhlbradt Carol Ruud Mavis Hilleren Doris Edwardson Lorraine Woessner Doris Olson Audrey Klesalek 1944 Harlan S. Bolkan Marilyn J. Lindstrom Florence C. Finke Bette M. Shubert John J. Scholz Lorraine Kraft Lois J. Hay Betty I. Drablos Marion Rakstad Gayle L. Stall Florence Gesell Charles 0. Butler Lloyd H. Knutson Edward R. Wahner Doris M. Erickson Signe Gloria Deardurff Everett Debertin Clarice J. Shubert Naomi N. Myers Robert E. Hankins Carmen R. Sund Marie J. Kurschinski Carol N. Jones Creighton John Overmoen 1945 Elaine Nelson Evelyn Kunde Jerome Kraft Isabell Rambur Rodney Tompers Marilyn Hoffman Gerald Gesell Celine Kohls Phyllis Peterson Oscar Hay 1946 Melton Aune Samuel Andes Ronald Hamre Josephine Hauser Jerald Hermundstad DuWayne Hanzal Marie Stavros Andy Deardurff Pauline Kraft Donald Roberts Peggy Schram Lois Hoffman Billy McGarvey Myra Hovey Willard Woken Doris Nelson Norman Folden Clayton Huus LaVonne Baardson 1947 Lois Vorwerk Jerry Bonsall Orin Hermundstad Helen Stavros Evelyn Oss Jean Hemmingson Shirley Young Jack Hemmingson Nona Reese William Schroeder Esther Vorwerk Donald Elton Patricia Casey Carol Anderson Kenneth Kloppedal Clayton Hovda John Schram Florence Ulledahl Dawn Clements Florence Moyer Henry Martens Robert Rakstad Shirley Dilley 1948 Lois Avery Delores Hovda Joanne Sund Norman Bischke Raymond Waldock Jeanne Sund Catherine Casey Edna Johnson Donald Weigel Marlys Hanzal Mary Jo Scholz LeRoy Woken Joseph Holt George Volimas Floy Steffen Doris Hermunstad Shirley Olson Marvel Zavalney

176 — 1949 Lee Ella Erickson Virginia Lyson Mildred Severance Marion Geving Herman Muhlbradt Rose Marie Rambur Martha Kraft Ada Maurer Pearl Phinney Roland Hauser Adele McGarvey Orville Ulledahl Hugh Kline Eunice Nelson Jacque Shubert 1950 Darlene Geving Lavonne Glassner Carole Weinberger Vance Olson Ervin Zavalney Herbert Lyson Jean Kautt June Andes Elaine Stravros Marlene Bischke Lorella Heuer Teresa Kohls John Hay Jack Woken Leona Paetz Coral Dilley Jean Andes Morris Scholz Leonard Nelson 1951 Gordon Evenson Lila Olson Lester Severence Herbert Geving Mary Landsiedel Franklin Andes Donna Huus Austin Beston Edythe Grove Fern Hauser Patricia Risan William Martens Donald Drablos Louise Havlis Irene Young James Butler Janice Holmen Eugene Werlinger Donald Kohls 1952 John Risan Patsy Swartz John Volimas Ardis Skaar Jerome Dalby Betty Stavros Carolyn Whitwer Charlotte Wenzel Robert Woken Ralph Nelson Beverly Young Darlene Henseler Rosella Kraft Rose Doran Wesley Vorwerk Donna Johnosn Ileen Ulledahl Evelyn Holt Carleen Johnson Ariene Hanzal Ted Zavalney Irma Kunde Mavis Zavalney Loren Ehlert Delores Kraft Larry Roberts

1953 Ariene Clemenson John Landsiedel Perry Lyson I^unice Rakstad Elda Peterson Larry Hudson Mavis Lind Gary Swartz Lynn Patten lone Woessner Kenneth Knutson Loren Olson Duane Glassner El Roi Rakstad 1954 Ariene Hovda Edna Heuer Marcella Richeson Tom Risan Marjorie Nelson Richard Krause Beverly Hanzal Mathilda Paetz Gyman Okeson Joyce Skaar Shirley Peterson Emerson Packineau Thressa Hoffman Violet Ulledahl L. G. McMahon Delores Aune James Vorwerk Russell Johnson Roxy Hay Violet Severance Daniel Kraft Duane Risan

— .177 1955 Shirley Avery Jerry Spitzer Marlys Smith Sherry Avery Beverly Butler Terry Owens Erwin Rakstad Palmer Peterson Gary Wittmayer Donna Risan Florence Kunde David Muhlbradt Joyce Sund Stanley Lyson Donna Patten 1956 Janice Anderson Elmer Harney Shirley Nelson Miriam Baardson Lyle Hildreth Gordon Patten Vera Doran Sharon Hoffman Barbara Rood Diane Fundingsland Charles Kraus Robert Seheer Darlene Glassner Ncreen Landsiedel Mary Stall Gwenda Hanzal Gwenda Lyson Margaret Wells 1957 Myrtle Severance Wayne Nelson Jerome Struck Danny Muhlbradt Janice Clark Ruth E. Sund Avlin Holtan Curt Clemensen Nita Lyson Shirlee Sanderson Darlene Collins Merwin C. Torgerson Dorothy Seheer Delores Erickson Kenneth Haugen Burton Olson Janice Zavalney Gloria Glassner Margaret Rambur Joe Ritzke Bernard Smith 1958 Marilyn Chinburg Gordon Huus Darwin Kulland Frank Doran Jr. Robert Martens Janice Olson Gary Solomonson Dennis Nordquist Robert Loock James Senger Nina Mae Collins Lloyd Vorwerk Florence Peterson Fred Martens LeRoy Geving Cheryl Patten Bernice Rood Sharon Day Gary Macheel Beverly Hall Rodney Hudson Patricia Jones Marlys Skaar Donald Ehlert Dorothy Vorwerk Mary Lou Butler Gerald Eisenzimmer Terry Seheer Dorine Clemensen Michael Waldock 1959 Bonnie Schoeder Lowell Olson Gerald Jorgenson Jo Ella Risan Judith Elton Aaron Wenzel Donald Holtan Kathleen Heuer Darlene Wenzel Feryle Borgeson Lynn Hornaday Richard Young Neil Bartelson Sharon Rakstad 1960 Janice Clemensen Eunice Evans Gerald Olmstead Michael Cross Franeille Doran Roland Lyson Dmetra Dau Richard Debertin Robert Torgerson James Bushore Sandra Jacobson Larry Sanderson Larry Brekke Lorraine Huus Richard Rood Colin Bearstale Larry Hovda Judy Morlang Robert Andes Wilton Kuehn Karen Wutzke 178 Dorothy Edwards Merle Lind James Young Janice Elton Sharon Kramer Richard Waldock Nyla Hanson Larry Jones Virginia Wittmayer Harlan Hanson Ann Patten Marsha Veum 1961 Cheryl Geving Ann Brunsell Ronald Miller Rodney Olson Larry Haugen Rodney Marmon Joanne Clemensen Clayton Hoffman Lawrence Ulledahl David Binkley Ronald Jones John Solomonson Robert Bartelson Sharon Kline James Sjol Laree Bartelson Grace Knutson John Waldock John Hanzal Bernice Knudtson Judy Waldock Michael Dietrich Sharon Rodne Jacy Whitman Curtis Wittmayer Karen Wittmayer

1962 Phyllis Ahlgren Connie Fredericks Joanne Pechacek Kathleen Avery Clyde Galliger Gloria Reznick Stephen Auch Joanne Hauge Susan Schroeder Joan Bartelson Linda Hovey Carol Slind John Bartelson Ardyce Huus Sharon Spitzer Judy Bartelson Randy Jorgenson Wilbur Spotted Wolf DeWayne Brekke Ronald Loen Maxine Stringer Curtis Carlson Karen Miller Barbara Torgerson Sharon Diffely Virgil Mortenson Fern Ulledahl Raymond Dockter Mary Olmstead James Wenzel Jacqueline Elton Harriet Pappel Sharon Young 1963 Thomas Abe Terry Ibach Robert Nelson Ronald Baker Delayne Jacobson Enola Packineau Diane Bartelson Warren Jones Lyal Rakstad Sharon Bolkan Robert Kemper Leonard Ringdahl Diane Brendle Shirley Knudtson Lois Ringdahl Paul Bushore Marian Kraft Donald Schroeder Marlene Erickson Robert Kunde Gayle Solomonson Joann Evans Myra Maggard Joan Spitzer Joel Evans Daniel Martens John Torgerson Robert Finn Gary Milbrath Ann Waldock Rose Hedberg Joann Miller Clinton Weedeman Sally Hudson Judy Needham Nancy Williamson Kerry Ibach 1964 Michael Avery Oscar Hovey Marilyn Nelson Janice Bartelson Susan Hovey Terry Nelson Robert Blatherwick, Jr. Janice Jensen JoAnn Olson Laureen Carlson Bill Kraft Gary Ringdahl Robert Diffely, Jr. Alan Loen Beverly Ritzke Donna Dockter Charles Luce Helen Slind

— 179 — Dennis Hanson Gretchen Mahowald Joyce Slind Larry Hedberg Amber Makar Robert Solomonson Terry Hoff Jackie Morlaug Marcella Weedeman Fern Hornaday Patricia Neet

The first person to cross the railroad tracks in to Parshall was Mrs. Howard (Erma) Steffen.

LARSON IMPLEMENT CO. Phone 726-4310 Makoti, North Dakota

CONGRATULATIONS TO PARSHALL AND COMMUNITY ON YOUR 50TH ANNIVERSARY E. G. Blegin, Pres. J. G. Blegen, Vice Pres. A. E. Simonson, Sec. & Treas. Simonson-Ames Company Circle Store PLAZA, NORTH DAKOTA GENERAL MERCHANDISE

180 A VERY BRIEF HISTORY OF THE FT. BERTHOLD PEOPLES From the very beginning, Parshall's history has been, and still is, closely tied to that of the Ft. Berthold people. A brief look at some facts will show the truth of this statement: — Parshall and much of its surrounding trade area were carved out of so-called surplus lands of the Ft. Berthold Reservation. — Ten acres of the original townsite and 20% of the purchase price of all town lots were given to Parshall for public use. — A number of Ft. Berthold families from the beginning have made it their shopping center. — Parshall public schools have received substantial federal aid through the presence of Ft. Berthold families. — Important opportunities for future economic growth are possible through cooperation with the Ft. Berthold people. — The very name of Parshall comes from a prominent Ft. Berthold family. The reader is asked to keep these facts in mind as he reads the following brief history of the Ft. Berthold people. The Ft. Berthold Reservation, created in 1851 by the Treaty of Ft. Laramie, is the present home of the Three Affiliated Tribes: Mandans, Hidatsas (Gros Ventres), and Arickaras (Rees). The early explorers of the 18th Century give us the first written records of the Tribes' early history and customs; they spoke highly of them as a simple, friendly, sedentary, agricultural group of proud and noble people who had solved the pro­ blems of life on the prairies and were living happily and prosperously. They were plaines tribes, but their ingenious earth-lodge architecture, their agriculture, their judicial system and their way of life was far superior to the nomadic tribes that surrounded them. Had they not setled in the Missouri Valley at the crossroads of the White man's empire, they would have developed and thrived. The first small pox epidemic hit the Mandan villages, near present-day Bismarck, in 1792, cutting their population by 50%. The second epidemic hit in 1837, cutting the population by 90% and leaving only 23 males, 40 women, and some 60 to 70 children. The Arickaras and Hidatsas were also hard hit. Desperate in the fact of continual attacks by the Sioux, the three Tribes banded together for mutual survival at Like-a-Fish-Hook Village located at a peculiar bend in the Missouri River some 30 miles south-south west of present day Parshall. By 1862 all three of the tribes were living at this Village of earth lodges surrounded by a stockade. Their combined population had ben cut from some 15,000 in 1750 to less than 2,000. Life in the Village was hard. Continued attacks by the Sioux, an in­ different Government that allowed fire arms to reach the Sioux but not the friendly Tribes, growing scarcity of wild game, the exhaustion of wood and good gardening land close to the Village, fur traders who used liquor in a ruthless competition for wealth, Indian agents who cheated and stole annuities, and undesirable Whites who took every possible advantage left the Tribes on the edge of starvation much of the time. In 1868 the Government established an Agency at Ft. Berthold; Anthro­ pologist Edward Brunner calls this a significant event: — 181 — "A realistic cultural alternative was introduced which legitimized the efforts of some individuals to break away from the native system, to strive for leadership, and to seek rewards on a new basis — one provided by the American government. This tended to split the native population and was the beginning of modern factionalism." The 1870's saw a lessening of tribal warfare and the first feeble efforts at education by the Government and by Christian missionaries. The 1880's saw two groups join efforts to produce dramatic changes in the life of the Tribes, Well-intentioned reformers on the one hand and land-hungry Whites on the other pushed for settling the Indians on individual allotments of land and helping him to begin farming like his White neighbors-to-be. in 1882 the first group of 20 families left the Village to begin farming. In 1885 a larger group followed; the harvest that year was exceptionally good, and the following pear practically all at the Village left to settle on allotments. And then the Tribes were "per­ suaded" to give up their "surplus" lands. In December 1886 they agreed to give up 1.6 million acres, 2/3's of the Reservation, in return for financial help to settle in a system of land-holding that was alien to their ways. The agreement was not ratified until 1891, a milestone in Ft. Berthold history, for it marked the relinquishing of vast potential for a pittance and the final destruction of Indian society. Stripped, disorganized, and forced by Government policy to accept the White man's individualistic way of life, the decline of Indian society was heralded. Slowly and relentlessly the White man's civilization changed the In­ dian way of life: the children were all in schools, the men were farm­ ing, the "surplus" lands had been sold, and a few were earning cash by hauling in supplies from Minot. In 1910 Congress passed a law providing for further allotments and, again, the sale of "surplus" lands east and north of the Missouri. This brought the Reservation down to its present recognized boundaries and provided for the establishment of Parshall, Van Hook and Sanish. In 1934 the Tribes accepted the Indian Reorganization Act and or­ ganized themselves with a constitution, by-laws, and Tribal Council. Over these decades the Fort Berthold people gradually learned the White Man's ways, achieved an effective working synthesis of the old and the new, and developed many fine homes and agricultural operation in the Missouri River botorns. Grandmother River continued to provide many of the basic necessities of life: timber for homes, corrals and fuel; coal; fresh water for man and beast; fish and wild game; fertile gardens; wild fruit and nuts; natural shelter for cattle; and the age-old sense of belonging to a place and to a community. Welfare payments and social problems were at a minimum. Deep within themselves, the old values held strong, as Brunner says so clearly: "The Indian value system has been relatively unaffected by White influence. A good man was, and is, one who respects the old people, is brave and demonstrates fortitude, conforms to the obligations of the kinship system, is devoted to village cooperation and unity, is generous and gives away property in public, gets along well — 182 — with others, and avoids overt expressions of aggression in inter­ personal relationships." Then came the most recent, and in many ways, the most devastat- in blow from the White man. In spite of valiant efforts, the Tribes were forced to give up 155,000 acres to the Garrison reservoir. Tribal Chairman George Gillette, now pastor of Snow Bird Congregational Chapel, wept as he signed the documents in Washington, for he was signing away 25% of the Reservation's remaining land area, 50% of its agricultural potential, and practically all of its communal wealth that had nourished his people for centuries. For this the Tribes were paid some $12 millions, little enough for the final destruction of a way of life. Homes, villages and churches were scattered out across the barren prairies and into nearby towns. As predicted, there was a great increase in alcoholism, welfare payments, unemployment, broken families, and social problems of every kind. The Reservation was now broken into five separate and isolated Segments. Whereas Grandmother River had been the source and focus of their life, now it was a great sprawling body of water, dividing and isolating, of little use to the Ft. Berthold people; others would profit from their tragic losses. Now their backs were to the water and they were looking outward at a surrounding White world with which once again they were being forced to relate. While many have overcome their hostility and despair and built a new life in a new setting, many others have not. Over-all, the present istuation on and near the Reserva­ tion is one of deep resentment, suspicion, indifference, disgust, and mis­ understanding between Indian and White. The Tribal Business Council now has its offices at the Bureau of Indian Affairs Agency at New Town. Under the leadership of Tribal Chairman, Carl Whitman, Jr., of rural Parshall, it is working on pro­ grams of agricultural credit, vocational training, industrial development, low-cost housing, and new approaches to education. Mrs. Ina Hall of Parshall is a leader of extension work among the Ft. Berthold people and a member of the five-man Ft. Berthold Housing Authority. Some forty Ft. Berthold families make their home in Parshall and another 25 families live in the Parshall trade area. The George Parshall Com­ munity Development Club, like several similar clubs in other parts of the Reservation area, is working to uplift the life of Ft. Berthold fam­ ilies; its present officers are: Chairman, Francis Young; Vice Chairman, John Rabbithead; Secretary, Ina Hall; and Treasurer, Phyllis Grinnell. In conclusion, if the intertwined histories of Parshall and the Ft. Berthold are to bear good fruit, there must be better communication, understanding, respect and cooperation between the Indian and White in Parshall and throughout the Reservation area. It is a task on which both groups must work to overcome the things that divide them.

"Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country". —John Fitzgerald Kennedy.

Memories of success and failure help guide many along the dif­ ficult path of the future. — 183 — ^ ^^: -+3 _•

•5

«J

>< ^ /if' * Phi:,, B»Jt7*i $ Qarr-it P.Jfis* fl

, , Jemts O. Utki+t- p i I

%« e.a. JUTZSTZ j.n.Br;33s 6U*n,£y-;fli,

- <-A**»"r "•'<•»•'•> firstly £*orj* c*J*.y

,. iM. a. Shew »{,>.;.«r*,r.r - W. 8, Farroy" Lillititd.ll/i/Ii

„ J. £.jTneS ff[atjo>itS),.uJ [firs Dehorth "'rfs- O /9 //e/t'/pf? v era Jfuly/anyedaht

/71r*Mrs£Ja*rSlHii kiztni ContnLu^no fon-fftmhiy Worth of /fltakri J i CiuJ+;r, Enfe/ l9,f ^==- =-"-JL I -

- * fir v ff(n £pa* t. vans ^ — ' rXfcf) ard QndrAws mr */firs£a. IK'Httf I7irs kllp„ji*L*rf 171, r /ft,j fr*4Wy" CMU1CME

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL UNITED CHURCH OF CHRIST

With the influx of people into this area in 1912 and 1913, the question arose as to a place of worship. Rev. E. A. Johannson had been conduct­ ing worship services in various homes throughout the area. Rev. W. Knighton Bloom of Minot, who then represented the Congregational Home Missionary Society of New York, was asked to visit the area and report. In the fall of 1913, a temporary building was secured, and regular services commenced, until an unused pool hall from the then little, in­ land town of Epworth, N. Dak., was purchased and moved to Parshall, and located on the Soo Line Right-of-Way. After surveys were completed, it was found necessary to move the building and it was then located ap­ proximately at the south end of 3rd Street S. W. in Parshall. This was Parshall's first permanent House of Worship. Here, Rev. Knighton Bloom conducted organizational services for the First Congre­ gational Church in August 1913. Articles of Incorporation were drawn up and adopted in February 1915, and soon thereafter, the church was received into the fellowship of the Mouse River Association, and placed under the membership list. At this time, the Church Board decided to dispose of the old building and take steps toward securing a loan from the Congregational Church Fund to build a new church. Wm. Carmody purchased this building and moved it to what was then northeast Par- shall, and remodeled it into a residence. He later sold it to 0. P. Thompson. In 1926 it was purchased by the Congregational Ladies Aid who redecorated it and made it ready for use as a parsonage for the —186 — Rev. John Roberts who lived in it as long as they lived in Parshall. Once again, the building was sold and it is now owned and occupied by the Lester Schram family. The erection of the new Congregational Church located on Lot 3, Block 10 was begun in August 1915. Again, Rev. Bloom officiated at opening services which were held on September 20, 1915. Dedication services were held on Nov. 28th of that year with Dr. Stickney of Fargo preaching the dedicatory services. An excerpt taken from the local paper at that time said, "The com­ munity can point with self-elation to the first, fitting House of Worship built on the north end of the Reservation." Thus, we see, this church qualified as the first church not only in name. During the "dirty thirties" the Church suffered as did everything and everybody. Our dearly beloved Rev. Roberts, who came to be with us from 1928 until 1943 was the main factor in holding things together enough, so that when climatic conditions reversed to something of a worthwhile nature again, the church was able to progress once more. It celebrated its 25th Anniversary in October of 1938. Rev. Amel Whitwer came to serve our church in 1950. At this time the Church Board was faced with the provision of a home for the minister. Due to the impending completion of the Garrison Dam and the absolution of the Village of Elbowoods, N. Dak., the purchase of the J. A. Rapp home there, for a nominal fee, was consummated and the building was moved to Parshall and located on the block very near to the church, to serve as a parsonage for the ministers. About this time the congregational began to envision a new church. A larger basement was dug, which upon completion, was to serve as a worship center with the old church facilities being converted into class rooms for Sunday School use. Constant thought were with the congre­ gation through the years, as to the fulfillment of the dream of the com­ pleted church over the basement. In 1957, Rev. William Wilcox accepted a call to our church and he was instrumental in organizing various boards and stimulating active interest in progressive lines for the erection of the completed structure. Due to his initiative and leadership the congregational carried out the building schedule as planned, even though Rev. Wilcox was called to another pastorate in Jamestown in 1962. So, with the 50th Anniversary date approaching, Parshall Congre­ gational Church dedicated their wonderful, new, completed edifice in August of 1963, thus rounding out the dream long cherished by it's members. We have been without a resident minister quite a bit of the time, but we have striven to hold things together and with interim and student ministers to help us out from time to time, we feel we are succeeding. At present, Rev. Richard Andrews from New Town is serving as interim minister and we appreciate his efforts very sincerely.

Actions, not words, are the true characteristic mark of attachment of friends. —George Washington. — 187 REV AND MRS. JOHN L. ROBERTS In the lovely Welsh Village of Maesglas 'Greenlands), Wales, in Great Britain, John Roberts was born on November 26, 1869. His mid­ dle class parents and fore-fathers were deeply religious people who made their living from renting homesteads and land. All his reli­ gious instruction came from his father, and John used it to help many people who could not read or understand the Bible. At the age of 15, he and his parents moved to the Welsh city, Swansea, where he attended high school and graduated from the "Countess of Hintington College". Since he "topped" his class in mathematics, his father bound him Rev. John Roberts, 1928 - 1943. over for ten years to an accounting firm, where he received his accounting credentials and later he became a part of the firm. It was during this period that he and three Christian friends laid the foundation of a Mission Church in Wales, Great Britain, for outcast children and their families. In 1895, he resigned from the Accounting Firm to help his parents manage their new homestead at Bourne End on the River Thames, just eight miles from the old, historic city of Windsor, England. At this time he was placed in charge of a Congregational Church which he served until 1919. During this period of World War I, he was very active in hospitals, homes and everywhere that people might feel the need for him. Then, in the spring of 1920, he came to the United States, via Canada, as a representative for his brother who was an importer of fabrics, and who was then living in South Africa. While in Canada, his cousin, Tim Lewis, invited him to take a trip through North Dakota, and visit one of his homesteads at Bordulac (this state). Meanwhile, in the fall of 1920, a young woman named Hannah Rich­ ards, from South Wales, arrived in Minneapolis, Minnesota, as per ar­ rangement. There, in October of 1920, at the First Congregational Church, Hannah Richards and John Roberts were united in marriage. Soon after their marriage they settled (temporarily, they thought) on the cousin's homestead at Bordulac, N. Dak. Before long, John Roberts was elected one of the trustees for the Congregational Church there. He later served as Sunday School teacher and church treasurer. Finally, during a vacancy in the pastorate, he had the honor of becoming their pastor, which position he held until the fall of 1926, when he resigned and accepted a call to Parshall, Plaza and Max parish. After three and one-half wears the Max Church was voted a part of the Garrison — 188 Parish, so Mr. Roberts had only the Parshall - Plaza parish to serve, a position which he held for seventeen and one-half years. It was during this period of time that he had the great privilege of being ordained by Dr. A. C. Hacke, State Superintendent, Rev. J. D. Dickey and Dr. Frank Beardsley. A daughter, Gwenda Mas, was born to Mr. and Mrs. Roberts on June 23, 1928, while they were living in Parshall. Early in 1943, Rev. Roberts accepted a call to the Beach, Sentinel Butte and Medora parish where he ministered to it's people until he retired in the fall of 1950 at the age of eighty-one years. Rev. and Mrs. Roberts moved to Beresford, S. Dak., that same year to live with their daughter, Gwenda Mae, who had married James Gackle, an engineer with North American Aviation, in August of 1950. In February of 1951, they parted from Mrs. Roberts who went on to her glory. Rev. Roberts moved with the Gackles to Richland, Wash.; Canagae Park, Calif., and now resides with the family at Thousands Oaks, Calif. He is a member of the Church of the Oaks (United Church of Christ) and still remains healthy, active and has an exceptionally keen mind for his 95 years, even though his vision and hearing have become severely impaired. He loves to serve his Lord and Master. He loves his four grandchildren, Debra, Diane, Dean Roberts and Dana. He sends his best wishes to former acquaintances in Parshall and regrets that he will be unable to be with us for Parshall's 50th.

REV. AMEL WHITWERS Amel Whitwer, born Tilden, Ne­ braska April 20, 1909. Education: Tilden high school; William Jewel College, AB 1932; Andover Newton Seminary, BD 1939. Ordained, Holt, Missouri in 1930. Married Elise Ssk- wor, St. Louis, Missouri, Aug. 5, 1930. Children: Rev. Clarence, Bil­ lings, Montana; Mrs. Carolyn Mac- Phee, Kellogg, Idaho; Mrs. Peggy Winters, Neligh, Nebraska; Jon, Glidden, Iowa. Six grandsons. Elise Sskwor, born Liberty, Mo., November 29, 1910. Education: St. Louis high school" and William Jewel College. Licensed Congregational minister 1943 - present. Presently minister of Brunswick (Nebraska) United Church of Christ. Rev. Amel Whitwer, 1950 - 1955. We moved to Parshall in August 1950 and lived there for 4V4 years, until January 1955. We accepted the call to the church in March 1950. From that time on helped with the work getting the parsonage ready for occupancy; then the building of the new church with the exception of the sanctuary. While the church was being 189 — built all church meetings with the exception of the worship service and one Sunday School class met in the parsonage. Sunday noons presented quite a scramble getting things back into place so we could have Sunday dinner! We so much appreciated the help of Mrs. Ed Nelson. All four children, besides ourselves, were members of the Parshall church. Carolyn was graduated from the high school there and for at least one term was president of the Northwestern P. F. Elise played the organ and taught in the Sunday school and had other responsibilities in the church. While in Parshall I was minister of the Plaza Congregational Church and supply minister of the Ryder and Mt. Zion Presbyterian churches from the summer of 1953 to January 1955. During the time that we were in Parshall I was chairman of the Conference Indian Affairs Committee, a liaison commission involving all parts of the life of the people of Ft. Berthold and many groups else­ where, even going to Chicago. In September of 1953 the Conference engaged me as the minister of the New Town Community Congregational Church and it was my privilege to lead in the organization of the church, the covenant meeting being held on the 16th of May, 1954. Present that day were Mr. and Mrs. Ed Schroeder, representing the Parshall Church and Ralph Wales representing the Conference. I was the editor of the Mountrail County Record for a year, 1952 - 1953, and wrote several series of articles besides. Much of what I wrote and edited was also published in the Sanish and later the New Town papers. With Dr. and Mrs. Blatherwick, Wade and Helen Williamson, Elise and I organized the library and got it going and rejoiced in the fine and favorable response of the community. Elise worked with the Girl Scouts. I was Scoutmaster for about 3 years with two of the boys, Tom Ri­ san and Gary Wittmayer, getting their Eagle awards. In the summer of 1954 I took 13 boys from Parshall, New Town and neighboring towns on an Explorer Scout canoe trip into Canada. For part of the time I was on the Great Plains Boy Scout Board of Directors; the North Da­ kota Congregational Conference Board of Directors; and the Pilgrim Park Committee for the Conference. I suppose there are other things that might be mentioned such as being author of the Minot Greater Parish plan of Rural Church Work which is mentioned in Dr. Truman B. Douglass' book, Mission to America. And author of an illustrated lecture, "North Dakota Beautiful" which was given in quite a few places. Probably the things that mean most to us in reflection; the wonder­ ful response on the part of the people of the parish in the expanding work of the church and its new buildings; the opportunity of being with so many of the youth in so many different ways; the fine group of young adults and their participation. Amel Whitwer Neligh, Nebraska

I had no shoes and complained until I met a man who had no feet. — 190 — FIRST LUTHERAN CHURCH

Fort Berthold Reservation was opened for homesteading in the spring of 1912 and in 1913 many of our people began meeting for divine worship Rev. J. N. Dieson drove from Washburn, N. D., with his horse and two wheeler cart, a distance of 100 miles, as often as possible to hold services. Rev. O. L. Brevig of Plaza, also came whenever he could. On Pentecost Sunday, Mey 31, 1914, at 4 P.M. Rev. Brevig had services in a school house one mile northwest of Parshall. At the close of that ser­ vice, the First Evangelical Lutheran Church of Parshall was organized. Rev. Brevig served as Chairman and A. 0. Rambeck was elected tem­ porary secretary. The following were charter members: A. 0. Rambeck, Mrs. J. C. Roomey and children, M. G. Evans and family, Mr. and Mrs. Carl Monson, Morton Monson and Nick Nelson. This made a total of fifteen charter members. Rev. Brevig was immediately called by the congre­ gation to become it's pastor. He accepted and served them for several years. A more complete organization was brought about after services on November 22, 1914. At this time the following officers were elected: Chair­ man - Rev. 0. L. Brevig; Secretary - John Iverson; Treasurer - Martin G. Evans; Trustees - L. 0. Lande, George Jordet, and Julius Ascheim. Shortly thereafter, the old Congregational Church was rented and ser­ vices were held there from January to December

DR. SETH EASTVOLD'S REMINISCENCES OF PARSHALL I shall never forget the winter morning when I came to visit parshall for the first time, about a day or two before Easter in 1920. There was a little struggling group of Lutherans trying to keep a Christian church in the community. When the old Soo Line Railroad rolled into the com­ munity, I was met by three very fine young men who came to extend the hospitality of those they represented. Among them was one of the finest men I have ever known, namely, Mr. Albert Ellingson, who was at that time operating a lumber company. He took me to his hospitable home and I was their guest until I left again on Monday morning fol­ lowing the Easter services in the basement of the old church which has

—192 — since been abandoned. Times had been hard and money was scarce. The congregations there in the com­ munity voted an $800.00 salary and a house in which to live. I furnished my own car. The Church in Minneapolis sub­ sidized the salary with $600.00. This gave me a total of $1400.00 to operate a home and run the parish car. It cost me $800.00 the first year to op­ erate the Ford, counting the many breakdowns that came to the second- handed piece of machinery. The price of gas and oil at that time was exhorbitant. I had to carry a half- gallon of oil with me on every trip to Raub because it lost so much oil Rev. Seth Eastvold, 1920 - 1923. on the way. The congregation grew and we built that fine church which I thought would stand always and be useful for all time to come. In the meantime, progress marches on. I came out and dedicated the old building in about 1924. I never thought that it would be my privilege and pleasure to come back in 1960 to dedicate the beautiful new church which is there today. It certainly must be the pride and joy of all the people in the Parshall community to have such a wonderful building, but still more, such fine people who worship in that building." Note: Dr. Eastvold passed away in 1963 in Minneapolis and lies buried at Thousand Oaks, California.

O. O. BJERTNESS' It was in 1923 that my husband, O. O. Bjertness, received the call from Parshall, North Dakota. He had for about eight years, previous to the seminary, been a high school teacher (three years as high- school teacher at Kindred, N. D., one year at Aaker's Business College and four years as business manager and then acting president of Waldorf College); when the call came to go to Parshall our Iowa friends were quite dis­ mayed: "Go out to North Dakota where there are only Indians and gophers?" In spite of this, we decided to accept the call. In July 1923, with our four young children (Martin Lutheran,6; Eliza­ beth Victoria, 5; Harold Olaf, 3 and Sigurd Johan, 1) we drove to Par- shall in a third-handed model T Ford (with side curtains). When we ar­ rived we found the house locked and had to sit outside and wait for Mr. Geving to show up and let us in. The Ole Njoses graciously invited us for supper and told us where to get milk for the children. Our first impression of that part of North Dakota were not very favorable; too much open spaces and too few houses. My husband said as we drove out from Minot that he wondered why they wanted a pastor out there as there were no people to minister to. The houses 193 — in Parshall seemed so terribly far apart and there was such an abun­ dance of Russian Thistle and Tum­ ble weed! It was queer how our opinions changed as we lived there and got acquainted. The houses drew closer together, as we learned to love the people who lived in them. Even the Russian Thistles made lovely bou­ quets when there were no other flowers! That first year the church base­ ment had to be used for school for the lower grades and since Luther started school that year it was very convenient for us. The Holtz sisters were the teachers and became our Rev. O. O. Bjertness, 1923 - 1926. good friends. The new sehoolhouse was completed the next spring and on the day Adelaide was born, in June, a tornado came through and carried off the roof. I remember so many things from our stay in Parshall. After only three short years of ministering to the four congregations, my husband passed to his reward at Easter time in 1926, leaving me with my five young children. I remember above all the wonderful sympathy and kindness shown us during his illness and death, and all through our stay there. I remember Mr. Butt was our Sunday School superintendent for many years until I took over in 1927. I remember how Mrs. Court Shubert, Mrs. Johnson and I started a Willing Workers' Society for little girls. Harry Ahlgren was Luther League president and was so nervous the first time he presided that we could see his knees shake. That summer Clara and Alice Sjol, Solveig Lande, Eleanor Jordet and I carried through a vacation Bible School for one hundred and fifty pupils. The Ladies Aid served full dinners each time they met and took in fifty dollars a meeting. Mrs. Sanden, Mrs. Berntson, another lady and I served a pork roast and apple pie dinner and ended upeating cream and bread ourselves. I remember my husband's enthusiasm in watching and helping in the building of the Wabek church; the great controversy there about whether to permit the English language to be used; all the wonderful people in each church, among them at Lucky Mound, Knute Lees at Raub. I remember Irene Norby singing "Consider the Lillies" for Easter; Grandma Kjelstrup and Petra and the Rodgers being good neighbors; the Norbys, Njass and Kjelstrups taking care of my children so I could ready myself to support my family. I remember the consideration and patience I met with as I struggled to keep my family together; the helpfulness from all sides; the Stalls, Monsons, Evans, Swansons, Gevings,

194 May 31

l/tfr /f.O. /So.™ *> eck- 1 tfrj«tar/vn /"/onsen ft7r-«/1rJ C^-/Mona*n \

' f-'/rs. J C faon * y a «

A Residential District of Parshall, 1953. First Street West looking south.

July 2, 1915. The election for incorporation of Parshall took place last Tuesday, June 22nd. The motion carried and an election will be held in a short time for the election of necessary officers. — 196 BRIEF HISTORY OF ST BRIDGET'S CHURCH OF PARSHALL

In the fall of 1914, lots were sold in Parshall and it became a village. Prior to 1914, Catholics in this area attended Mass and other services at Sacred Heart Church of Plaza, N. D., which was then served by Rev. Ro­ bert Wewers OSB who was then stationed at Garrison, N. D. In 1915-1916 Father Robert Wevers OSB came to Parshall and cele­ brated Mass along with other church services in the David Larin home (now owned by Charley Phinney in the western part of the city). At one time services were held in the Congregational Church, or at the building which is now the Grand Theatre. Services were infrequent due to poor roads and transportation problems. In 1916 a small church — a frame building — was erected and named: St. Bridget's Church. This building was constructed by George Blaha with the assistance of parishners. It had a seating capacity of 100 people. In 1917, St. Bridget's Church became a Mission of Sacred Heart Church of Plaza, N. D., with Rev. Fidelis Lucking OSB, as pastor. He served that church from 1917 till 1927. Services were held at Parshall once every month. The first organist and choir director of the Parshall Church was Mrs. Martin Bohenstingl. She was helped by her sister, Mrs. Fred Hankins, and these two women served for many years in thas capacity, whichever was most easily available, until 1960, when Mrs. Hankins retired. Mrs. Bohenstingl passed away in 1963. The first trustees of the church were: Messers. Barth, Blank and Bohenstingl. The first boy baptized in the Parshall Church by Father Wewers OSB., was Vincent Manley on January 17, 1917. He is the son of Mr. and Mrs, Joseph Manley. The first girl baptized in the Parshall Church by Father Robert Wevers — 197 — ,, Koymond «»ldoe,c «orgur„t ,

1 >> ... Wl"" >"•»..Florence Berryhlll 1r0. ^ "*"««>, -jf> fecio. Lso BotB0h O.J. Bohnor «V ' * ""Ulr,/^ ° «0 • A «^ . u»*', (,!' lvV6r Ihoo ».,,, '+. , *»

.*> ff "•""•y St. fetor .ZT ^ B n ,r "—--_ _^/ *"*1» „ * "™S **> *' *. O.S.&. I "

c*r. Anthony

/7 (1917 -1927) \ Vtr. Fidolle O.S.B. \ " (191*) Fr. Robert- Wevoro G.S.B,

THK al, BRIKiST'S riMILX, TREE OSB., was Elizabeth Rebecca Maris. She is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Frank Maris. The first marriage in the Parshall Church was the union of John Burke and Carrie St. Peter, in September of 1918. The first Communion Class of the Parshall Church that consisted of five boys and girls, took place on June 3, 1917. The first confirmation class which consisted of six people, took place in August 1919, with the Rt. Rev. Vincent Wehrle OSB, Bishop of Bis­ marck, N. D., officiating. The first funeral in Parshall Church was that of Benedict Effinger, and this took place on October 20, 1918. The first lad to enter the priesthood from St. Bridget's Church of Parshall was Michael Casey, son of Mr. and Mrs. Mike Casey, former residents in the early days, and who now live in Spokane, Washington. Many young men from St. Bridget's served their country during war times, but the only member to give his life in the service of his country in World War II was, Lieutenant Frederick H. Hankins, Jr., who was listed as: "Missing in Action" in the taking of the Phillippines on December 14, 1944. The present new church and rectory was built under the supervision of Father Clark, with Frank Doran being the main contractor, in 1948. The rectory was completed in 1951, by Father Chambers.

ST. BRIDGET'S ALTAR SOCIETY Beginning with eleven members St. Bridget's Altar Society was organ­ ized in 1918 and three of the charter members are still active in church work at the present time. Mmes. Theodore Paetz, Joseph Waldock and Fred Hankins. The activities of the Altar Society were numerous and beneficial.. Among others, they purchased the pews for both the old frame church as well as the new brick structure; they purchased the vestments and altar supplies, tiled the floors, bought all the equipment for the kitchen and dining room of the parish hall, as well as equipment for the parish house, linens, bedding and many other items. The ladies also pay for the annual Vacation School which is conducted by the Sisters each summer.

July 2, 1915. Charles Withers, who is engaged in the machinery business in Par- shall, was in the city Monday. Mr. Withers reports 20 places of business in the thriving little city. More than 500,000 bushels of grain are stored in the elevators in Parshall, indiczating prosperity among the farmers of that area.

July 9, 1915. The new school district to be known as Parshall School District No. 3 was organized the past week from districts No. 1 and 2. This new district takes in a total of 66 sections running 3 miles west and 3 miles south of Parshall. — 199 — IMMANUEL LUTHERAN CHURCH

During the spring of 1917, the Rev. P. Schumm of Anamoose, North Dakota led a small group of German speaking Lutherans in the Parshall community to organize what is known os the Immanuel Lutheran Church. A call was extended by the congregation to the Rev. W. J. Kemnitz. The Rev. Kemnitz, a recent graduate of Concordia Seminary accepted the call and was installed as the first pastor on August 5, 1917. The newly organized congregation received its Certificate of Incorporation for the State of North Dakota a month later. The official name was listed in the Articles of Incorporation was Parshall First German Lutheran Emanuels Church. The certificate of Incorporation was applied for under the names of Messers Julius Mueller, H. A. Frank and Gust Giese and was dated Sep­ tember 20, 1917. The Hon. Thomas Hall was then the Secretary of State. The first elected officers of the congregation were Messers Mueller, Frank, Giese, Carl Hoffman and John Schnase. In the Fall of 1917 a house to serve as a parsonage for the resident pastor was purchased for $1400 from Mr. F. Davis. In 1918 a church building of frame construction was built, measuring 20' x 32' x 10'. Until that time the congregation had worshipped in the basements of First Lutheran Church and the Congregational Church. The records indicate that Mrs. James O'Brien (nee Mildred Giese) was the first baby baptized. However, Pearl Madsen and Hildegard Zehner were both baptized in August of 1917. Charter members of the congregational are listed as being, Wm. Blume, Wm. Kirchoff, August Ziebarth, August Hass, Fred Propp, Wm. Woessner, Fred Mauer, Ernest Vorwerk, Louie Roessler and David Kunde. The Rev. Kemnitz left in 1919 and was succeeded as pastor of the congregation by the Rev. P. Ernest who remained until 1924. From 1924 — 1930, the Rev. O. G. Tiemann was pastor. During his

— 200 — pastorate, a 10' x 10' addition was added to the front of the Church. The interior of the church was finished and equipped with pews and electric lights. The Rev. George Gessel faithfully served the congregation during the hard, lean years of the thirties and the war years of the forties. In addition to Parshall, he also served congregations at Epworth, Berg, Crofi and Stanley. At times Pastor Gesell served Sanish, Keene and Ryder as well. 1944 — 1946 saw Rev. Roland Hafner as pastor. In 1945 additional money had been added to the Building Fund which originated under Pastor Gesell's guidance. In the summer a new basement was dug along the north side of the church. The basement was poured in October. The church was then raised and moved to it's new foundatiodn (almost single-handed by Mr. Eric Erickson) in the bitter cold of November. Other improvements were made to the church and parsonage during this year. The name of the congregation was changed to Immanuel Lutheran Church of Parshall on August 22, 1945. However, many of the old timers still refer to the congregation as the "German Lutheran Church", even though it has long outgrown this nationalistic identity. In May of 1946 Immanuel Lutheran Church became a member con­ gregation of the Lutheran Church, Missouri Snyod, the second largest Lutheran body in America. Subsequent pastors and their terms of service were; 1946—1949 Rev. Elmer Schultz 1950 Rev. M. Vajda 1950—1953 Rev. A. A. Brand 1954 Rev. R. Wyssrnan 1956—1961 Rev. Richard Ames Several interim pastors have served the Parshall congregation. Dur­ ing the 1920's, the Rev. A. Grumm from Garrison and Rev. Aldermann from Sanish served as interim pastors. Later, during the 1950's and 60's the congregation was served from Garrison by the Rev. Mundinger and from Minot by the Rev. L. Ruthenbeck. Two vicars (Seminary students) also served the congregation. Mr. D. Hesse in 1955-56 and Mr. Warren Fanning 1959-1960. Rev. Fanning is presently serving congregations in England. The present pastor, the Rev. Jerald L. Smith, was ordained and installed at Immanuel Lutheran Church on July 9, 1961. Rev. Smith lives in Stanley since the Parshall congregation is a part of a three congre­ gation parish (Parshall, Stanley and Ryder). A congregation near Keene, N. D„ is also served by Pastor Smith. Immanuel Lutheran Ladies Aid was organized March 9, 1927, and later affiliated with Lutheran Women's Missionary League. Present officers are: Dora Galliger, President; Edith Bushore, Vice-President; Ann Kuehn, Secretary; Lois Thiel, Treasurer. Present membership of Immanuel Lutheran Church consists of ninety adults and fifty children. Although small in number, the congregation has a budget of $8,000. Of that amount, $1,200 goes to the support of Synod and Missions.. Through the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod and the Lutheran — 201 — VLSJLD^^ '•

euA^^

ta

|fft^Ulbr>

' a**r rJ

.KV'-r?^- Layman's league, the congregation sponsors and supports "This is the Life" on T. V. and "The Lutheran Hour" on radio. The congregation is also a supporting member of the Dakota Boys Ranch Assn. which operates an institutional home for boys in Minot, N. D. and a ranch near Tolley, N. D. Immanuel Lutheran Church has had it's place in the Parshall Com­ munity for forty-six years. By the Grace of God, the congregation plans to remain in Parshall for another forty-six years, at least. The members are joined in close fellowship with one another by their common Christian Faith and their dedication to the confessions and principals of conservative Lutheranism. In the near future it is hoped that the congregation can be of more service to the community through the facilities of a new church and educational building. For the forty-six years of faithfulness to the Gospel Message of Salvation through Faith in Christ Jesus, the congregation says: "To God Alone Be the Glory" and for forty-six years of undeserved blessings from the Almighty, they san: "Now thank we all our God." Immanuel Lutheran, and Parshall, are so very proud of one of their local boys. Garland (Gary) Wittmayer, who graduated from our local high school with the class of 1954, went on for advanced study in pre­ paration for the ministry. He came back to Parshall and was ordained in his home church here, in June of 1963. Congratulations to Gary! Gary, and his wife, the former Marcia Rump, a registered nurse, from Fort Wayne, Indiana, are now serving churches in Tampa and Durham, Kansas. They live in Tampa.

GEORGE G. GESELLS' I graduated from Concordia Seminary at St. Louis, Missouri in 1925. In 1925 Effie Hahn and I were married at Fergus Falls, Minnesota. My first parish was at Bridger and Belfry, Montana and both Florence and Gerald were born there. I accepted the call to serve Immanuel Lutheran Church at Parshall, North Da­ kota in April of 1930. My parish there con­ sisted of congregations at Parshall, Ep­ worth, Stanley, Berg and Croff. Ruth was born in 1932, and Carol was born in 1937. I served this parish until October 1944. Until 1949 I served two congregations Deep and Deep River, northeast of Minot. From July 1949 to March 1956, I was pastor of the congregation at St. Thomas, Rev. Geo. G. Gesell, 1930 - 1944 North Dakota. I then accepted a call to serve the congregation at Alamosa, Colo­ rado, where we lived for three years. I was then called to Immanuel Lutheran Church at Sterling, Nebras­ ka, for a little over two years.

— 203— In 1961, I moved to Ogallala, Nebraska where I am at the present time serving their church. Florence was married to Donald Needham. They live on a farm south of Parshall, and have five children: Judy, Barbara, Thomas, Ter­ esa and Bruce. Gerald was married to LaVonne Glassner of Parshall. He made the army his career until his untimely death February 3, 1963 in San Antonio Texas. LaVonne continues to live in that area with her four children: Gregory, Greta, Gren and Gordon. Ruth married John Gilbert. He is teaching Industrial Art in the High School at New Baltimore, Michigan. They have one child, Jeffrey. Carol married James Oby. He is working for Frontier Airlines and is stationed at Tuscon, Arizona. They have three children: Kelly, Bradley and Scott.

Rev. C. A. Thompson and Rev. George Clements, pastors in the Northwestern Holiness Association, first came to the Epworth and Plaza vicinity to hold meetings in the year 1909 or 1910, and they held services in different homes and in school houses through the country. After some of these meetings the worshipers were organized into bands which continued to hold regular services at different localities. In about 1914 a church was built on land which was deeded to the group by Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Swenson, on their farm which was located 8 miles north and east of Parshall. A cemetery was also started there which remains to this day. The name of the church was changed in March 1920 from North­ western Holiness Association to Holiness Methodist and the names of some of the early days pastors are: Reverends, F. E. Whitney, Q. B. Stangfleld, Edward Carvell, P. C. Jones, 0. D. Manning, A. K. Irwin, Severin Aarnes, and Clarence Miller. In September of 1938 the present property in Parshall was purchased and the church and the church building was moved into Parshall. The parsonage was built later, out of two old Van Hook buildings which

— 204 — were torn down and moved piece by piece to Parshall. Since that time there have been many improvements made among which are: the fin­ ishing of the basement, completion of Sunday School rooms, installa­ tion of an oil furnace in the church, purchase of a piano, all inside walls finished and later painted, new florescent lights have been installed, etc. Rev. Clarence Miller was pastor when the church was moved in to town and he served until May, 1942. Rev. Robin Hauser with his family moved into the parsonage in June of 1942 and remained the pastor there until his retirement in June of 1962. He came from a pastorate in Neb­ raska and has since moved to the state of Washington. The present pastor is Vernon Aarnes, and he is a grandson of one of the church's early pastors, Q: B. Stanfield, and is, also, the nephew of the former pastor, Severin Aarnes. Among the names of the early members are: Mr. and Mrs. A. ,C Swenson, Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Frink, Mr. and Mrs. Matt Hansen, Mr. and Mrs. W. A. Wing, Mrs. Syver Quammen, and the Krinkes of the Epworth country. There were many others whose names are lost to the present historian. Mark Frink, youngest son of Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Frink, has spent 7 years in LaPaz, Bolivia, South America as a missionary together with his wife and family. Roland Hauser, son of Rev. and Mrs. Robin Hauser has been a pastor of the church at Colbert, Washington for the past 8% years to­ gether with his wife and family. Mrs. Clarabel Fish, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Swenson, is a pastor at Deercreek, Minnesota and is also the elected Deaconess Super­ intendent of the Holiness Methodist Church.

REV ROBIN HAUSER AND FAMILY

Rev. Robin Hauser (1942 - 1962), Ronald, Mrs. Hauser, Mrs. Frith, Fern and Josephine. 205 — 4iWiiVM*4^s* Mink ?A'/4:*\

^^(/L^lU,^ rsll^(jJ,M3,,)^\\ tl,& UhsM'lt*

lissis It/Alk*Mtt-kMtime*' Al'irJf,// yJisii

Cfty»lWfllS Sdiih C\j/iMfAi*J JrW^j or' MF*J,;, WriflJWi, nf MrNtiiiM- Y J/Hh/i) taui/iRas

HrVk/rtii RtnhUnts

Tif/fi ,V/V<:yAA

t\\(\ HtlllR \ f^A Qlltliildiutll£Alrla fcjWu Rev. Robin Hauser came to Parshall with his family in June of 1942, to serve as pastor in the Holiness Methodist Church. He remained in that capacity for twenty years, until his retirement in Juhe 1962. Rev. and Mrs. Hauser were the parents of three children: Roland, who is now a minister and serves a church at Colbert, Washington; Josephine, the wife of Dr. Orval Dean, of Spokane, Washington, and Fern, the wife of Willard Farrel, now living at Colbert, Washington. These children all are graduates of Parshall High School. Parshall regretted having the Hausers leave their midst, for the entire family were very active in civic and community affairs besides their regular church affiliations. Rev. Hauser served on the local school board for some time and was serving as Juvenile Officer for our city at the time that he moved away. Mrs. Hauser served as President of the local W.C.T.U. for some time, in addition to being 'on call' for other civic duties that might arise from time to time. Josephine was a very capable employee of the People's State Bank for many years. At the time the family moved she was serving as As­ sistant Cashier, and her leaving the Bank was deeply regretted by the entire force. Josephine was, also, an outstanding piano player and played for various occasions throughout the City of Parshall. Fern was a teacher and taught in the Williston School System for several years. She served as assistant-helper in the Girl Scout work during the summer when she was home. The families are all located in the State of Washington at present and are near one another. They extend their best wishes for Parshall on their 50th, and hope to be around for the celebration if at all possible.

THE CHURCH OF GOD The Church of God was organized by Rev. Paul H. Walker on January 26, 1926 in Plaza with seventeen members and Rev. T. H. Rasmussen was the first pastor. Services were held in various homes and a hall in Plaza until the Church was built. In the fall of 1948 it was voted upon and passed that the Church be moved to Parshall where it would be more centrally located for the members. A parsonage was also purchased in Parshall and Rev. Fred Lenning served as pastor. The interior of the Church was redec­ orated and Sunday School rooms were added in the basement. Various pastors have served this congregation—Rev. James Kirschman,

— 207 r-'J 'c,h',««lnp" yhi"Nsi\ «««« Hsiu*j JYR"th o„i^ty\aE pAuls"J Y'UJ"" »*"*»J i **. tM' _ .OA^ L. .. P /. c.i„ /.. ..

S7aV* 6./«^ /% •*» 4, -^. ** «

U ^ * V* CUR ^Y+\M'l^^Jf '^T^Ur "*%•£&& *»%>*

Sw Aj«e..c»iJ Wi *"U,;J L °-^./ */

^

U-7 fe

AAWA /l/dWsfirt

l/Wlrl- nwdeVSe

iru\;^ FCUJ

! Nen/t'i Hitthtserl [Aft A/tJcrsetf ]Andrew HelltriJ i, /<9/y) i\?uiri '(3froiLU ~Weum

Morr.s fW*« Airs //I E»>We Rev. Emmerson Abbott, Rev. W. Collins, Rev. B. Knispel and Rev. R. Bershon as well as student pastors from time to time. In November, 1963 the Rev. Willard Irwin and Mrs. Irwin, daughter Gloria and son Delwin came to Parshall. Rev. Irwin has accepted the pastorate of this church and plans are to move forward under his lead­ ership and help of his talented family.

One To Whom Honor Is Due THE REV. PAUL H. WALKER The Church of God in Parshall, as well as all the Churches in North and South Dakota, feel they owe a great deal of tribute to a very out­ standing minister, namely, Rev. Paul H. Walker. The enduring qualities that Bro. Walker showed in endea­ voring to start pioneer churches, cannot be surpassed. He preached for thirteen years without a home that he could call his own. He lived in the homes of friends, going from one to another in order that the true Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ could be brought to this new field of labor. There were many hardships that accompanied the task before Brother and Sister Walker; one was the laying to rest of their Walker twin girls who are buried in the yard of Brother and Sister Teige. Brother Walker made their caskets out of wood that he gathered together. Even through all of this he found no place for stopping. He continued to work and it was through his faith­ fulness and sacrifice that we have many churches in North and South Dakota today. Brother Walker started preaching in 1919 and was promoted to the office of State Overseer at the age of nineteen. After serving elsewhere for quite some time, he felt led to come back to the Dakotas, and at the present time, he is the State Overseer of North Dakota and South Dakota. He presently lives in Minot, North Dakota. We are most grateful and appreciative of the fine work and courage of Rev. Paul H. Walker.

July 16, 1915. Last Sunday afternoon a few of the young men in town drove out to Sand Rock, where they spent the afternoon fishing. Whether some of the boys didn't make enough 'noises', or the fish weren't biting good that day, we haven't decided, but the nibbles seemed to be very scarce and far between. — 209 — FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH OF PARSHALL

Rev. Faulkner Mercer

The First Baptist Church of Parshall was established June 4, 1961. First services in the church were held that day. Filling in as temporary pastors were Rev. Joe Hefta of Stanley, North Dakota, Rev. Reeder of Berthold, North Dakota and Rev. Woeller of Tioga. The old Lutheran Church was purchased by the American Baptist Convention and plans were made to remodel the building. In November, Rev. Faulkner Mercer was called to fill the pastorship of both the Parshall and the New Town Churches, coming to the Parshall- New Town area from Michigan. Pastor Mercer has served for twenty- five years on the Home Mission field. Installation services were held on December 10th, with Rev. John Barkam, state secretary, being present. The church first began with five families and now serves a grow­ ing congregation. There are seventy-seven enrolled in the Sunday School. Many of the parish have come with the missile program and will be here only temporarily. A Baptistry was completed and a beautiful background painting was painted especially for the Parshall Church by Rev. Hans Jorgenson, a retired ministser. The First Baptist Church is especially proud of it's fine group of teen-agers who are very faithful in taking part in church activities, singing in the choir, youth fellowship and recreational programs. Regular Sunday morning Services are held followed by the Sunday School hour. Sunday evening services begin at 8:00 p.m. Wednesday evening prayer meeting and Bible Study begins at 8:00 p.m. All are welcome. — 210 —

THE FORT BERTHOLD CONGREGATIONAL MISSION

On May 9, 1876, Dr. Charles L. Hall and his wife, the first resident missionaries at Fort Berthold, arrived at Like-a-Fish-Hook Village on the steamboat "Josephine". Because the "Josephine" and other river boats were hauling supplies for the ill-fated Custer campaign, Dr. Hall's supplies were delayed at Fort Lincoln, near present-day Bismarck. Finally, lumber and other supplies arrived, and the Halls built a combination home and school near the Village. The following spring a Chapel was built; when the Three Tribes abondoned the Village and the Mission moved to Elbowoods, in 1892 to 1895, the Chapel was moved to Plaza where it still stands. From the beginning, the Mission placed strong emphasis upon edu­ cation. Dr. Hall established a school near the Village; no school bell was available so he would raise the American Flag to signal the be­ ginning of classes. First the adults were urged to come; huge sheets of paper or canvas hung from the walls with English words and sentences; this led to the winning of confidence of the older people and soon the children attended school; eventually this school reached at least one member or more of every household on the reservation. At the same time, Dr. Hall worked hard to get government schools on the reservation so that children would not have to go to far-off schools for years at a time without seeing their parents. A horticulturist in his own right, he also established a Mission Farm School toi help the people learn improved farming methods. Dr. Hall's friendship and patient teaching over the years finally resulted in the Christian baptism of Otter Wolf and Mark Beard, about 1886, some ten years after his arrival. From that slow beginnig, the Mission work grew steadily. In time, churches were organized and places of worship erected at Nishu, Elbowoods, Independence, Nueta, and Shell Creek. In addition, congregations gathered in homes and schools for worship at Beaver Creek, Charging Eagle, and Lucky Mound. Dr. Hall's teaching and love brought forth Indian lay pastors, men who assisted him in the preaching and teaching and carried on in his — 212- absence: John P. Young, Ernest Hopkins, Peter Beauchamp, Lawrence Howling Wolk and Harvey Hopkins at the Nishu Church; Edward Good Bird at Independence; and Robert Lincoln at the Nueta Church. Of this group Howling Wolf and Good Bird were ordained to the Christian ministry by the Congregational Churches. In 1922 Mr. and Mrs. Harold Case were placed in charge of the Mission. With their guidance, more Indian leaders came forward to take their place as lay pastors: David Painte and Robert Fox in the Nishu Church, Francis Charging at Independence, and George Gillette at Snow Bird Chapel. Mr. and Mrs. Case continued the strong emphasis on education. They worked hard and successfully to establish a public school at Elbowoods; they pushed for Federal day schools in the outlying communities of the reservation. The Mission school and dormitories were continued at Elbo­ woods for as long as needed, as was the Mission Farm School. The Cases worked in countless ways on community development across the reservation; helping civic groups to function on their own, bringing the first motion pictures to the reservation, directing community recreation, improving home settings with those few added touches, en­ couraging landscaping, and working with Homemakers groups. Most important of all was the intense, warm pastoral visiting done by Mr. Case in every home of the reservation, listening to problems, sharing friendship and guidance in prayer. Always he would encourage and urge the people on to more education and seek to strengthen faith in themselves as children of God. The people responded to this warm friendship, so that in 1958 Mr. Case could tell of 70 in the civil service, 90 carpenters and mechanics, 80 laborers and janitors, 12 registered nurses, 20 teachers, 30 nurses aids, and 8 interior decorators and painters. More than 700 Fort Berthold people went out from the reservation before the Garrison Dam to find their place in the cities and towns in 41 different states. During these years the Mission center at Elbowoods became known as a place of gracious hospitality for all. From across the reservation people came for worship, friendship, books, clothing, warm meals, guidance, a place to sleep, schooling for their children, livestock, seeds, household hints, and help of all kinds. Mr. and Mrs. Case welcomed all with genuine warmth and concern. When the Garrison Dam threatened the Three Tribes, the Mission worked hand in hand with tribal leaders to defeat it. Failing in this, local and national church leaders worked hard to see that Fort Berthold people got as fair a settlement as possible. Trips to Washington, the writing of thousands of letters, the hiring of anthropologists which led to the BIA hiring a community analyst, helping people plan their move out of the river valley—all were part of the Mission effort. Congregations were scattered out over the prairies and into nearby towns. All of the church buildings had to be moved. Since those con­ fusing years, the following pattern of churches and pastors has emerged: the Arickara Church located at White Shield and the Memorial Church located south of Parshall are served by Robert Fox; the Shell Creek — 213 — Church located south of New Town is served by Robert Cherries; Snow Bird Chapel located west of New Town is served by George Gillette; Mandaree and Independence Churches located in the western Segment are served by John Heine; and Twin Buttes Church located north of Halliday is served by Walter Stark. In addition, Mr. and Mrs. Case in Bismarck and Mr. Austin Engel in Parshall are serving as workers-at- large. Several descendents of the early church leaders are presently living in Parshall; Dora Hertz, daughter of Dr. Hall; Francis Young, son of John P. Young and his family; Ina Hall, daughter of Peter Beauchamp, and many of her family; and John McKenzie, son of Edward Good Bird; Phyllis Grinnell, a daughter of Robert Lincoln. In addition, many members of the Memorial Congregational Church make their home in Parshall and in the trade area south of Parshall.

THE CATHOLIC MISSION OF ELBOWOODS, NORTH DAKOTA (Now Inundated by Garrison Dam) •

Elbowoods was an outgrowth of Fort Berthold, a Fort located down the river some fifteen miles east of where Elbowoods was located and Father DeSmet had visited the Indians many times between 1840 and 1868, promising to do all that he could do to establish a much-needed Mission School for them. Father DeSmet died in 1873 with the feeling that he had failed in his promise for the establishment of the school, as the idea then seemed to be very remote. However, the Indian continued to ask for a "Black Robe". The hundreds of children whom Father DeSmet had baptised had now attained adulthood and their cry was more pronounced than ever. Federick Gerard, a close friend of Father DeSmet had chosen a site near the villiage of Elbowoods, and upon approval of Father Craft of the Standing Rock Reservation, building material was obtained and hauled in by horse-drawn wagons in the summer of 1889. Due to the difficulty of obtaining material and lack of funds the project did not materialize until 1910. Bishop Wherle of Bismarck invited four Benedictine Sisters from Pennsylvania to come to teach in the Mission School. They arrived before they were expected and found that no conveniences had been -- 214 — set up whatever for them and they even had to go to the Missouri River to obtain a drink of water! They enrolled more than forty Indian children who lived right at the school with the Sisters. By the following Spring the Sisters saw forty-seven of their charges receive first Holy Communion, and by the Fall of that year the school was placed under Federal super­ vision. Sacred Heart Convent at Elbowoods was completed in 1912. Years passed by; the enrollment increased with the Indians helping by paying a small fee for their children for board. Father Paul Lotter developed the farm to produce most of the necessary meats and vegetables for both the schools at Elbowoods and Deep Water Creek. In 1939 the Mission School was completely destroyed by fire and was not rbuilt. Two Sisters remained to do catechetical work and continuet this work until the Garrison Dam was completed. They then moved to St, Anthony's, Mandaree, North Dakota, to con­ tinue their catechetical work among the relocated Indians. The word "Mandaree" was the name coined from a combination of the names of three remaining Indian Tribes living on the reservation by Father Reinhard Kauffman who did much to relocate this mission— Mandan, Hidatsa and Arickara (Ree).

July 15, 1915. The Soo Construction crew have completed the water tank and the erection of our new depot will start on Tuesday.

IT -'" to' \

Main Street looking north, taken about 1953. — 215 — HUP PARSHALL TOWNSHIP

AUGUST HAAS 1912 August Haas was born in Germany and came to America as a lad of 15 years. He lived at Anamoose, N. D., as a young man and came to Parshall in 1912, at which time he took up a claim 2 miles north of Parshall. In coming to this area he drove with 4 horses from Anamoose and the trip took him 3 days as he could only average about 35 miles per day. He lived in a tent while he built his little shack and had to drive to Plaza for all of his supplies. He retired from farming in 1947 and moved in to Parshall. In 1957 Mr. Haas lost his eyesight.

MR. AND MRS. SIGNAR LUNDGREN Signar Lundgren came to Ameri­ ca in March of 1909. After working in Wyoming and Oregon for one and a half years, he came to the Kulm community. On July 1, 1912 he was united in marriage to Jennie Lund- strom of Swede Township, she being the first baby girl born in that Township. The wedding reception was held in a newly built granary on her parents' farm with the en­ tire community as guests. In 1914 the Lundgrens moved to Parshall, N. D., where they home- steaded for four years. Three of their children were born at Par- shall, Evelyn, Robert and Caroline. After four years, they moved back on to a farm at Kulm. Mr. Lundgren was actively engaged in farming until 1960, and still goes out and helps run the tractor during seeding and harvest. In 1959 they built a lovely new home in the City of Kulm together with their daughter Evelyn, and moved in on New Year's Day of 1960. Of their family of nine children, six are still living in the Kulm area. They are: Edwin (on the home farm), Robert, Evelyn, Mrs. Edwin Lindgren 'Caroline), Mrs. Carlton Lindgren (Rose) and Mrs. Vernon Lindgren (Esther). Mrs. Milton Lindgren 'Erma) lives in Yakima, Wash­ ington and Mrs. Arthur Anderson 'Mildred) is a resident of Willow Lake, South Dakota. One son, Clarence, passed away at the age of twenty- seven years in 1948.

— 216 In 1946, Mr. Lundgren made a trip back to Sweden to visit the sister, brothers and other relatives he had not seen for thirty-seven years. Since his trip, his brother, Henning, and family have moved from Sweden to Kulm. On July 1, 1962, Mr. and Mrs. Lundgren celebrated their Golden Wedding Anniversary at an Open House planned for them by their children and held in their home. With a host of friends and relatives attending, this celebration was a most happy one.

THE OSCAR QUALLEYS Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Qualley were married on April 2, 1913 and came to the Parshall area in May of that same year. They homesteaded and lived west of Parshall. They became the parents of two children while living in this area — Orville and Josephine Qualley Lien of Brocton, Mon­ tana. Upon leaving this community the family moved to Brockton, Mont., where they made their home until 1953, at which time they retired and moved to Culbertson. While living at Brockton, three more children were born to the Qualley's and at this writing they are the grandparents of nineteen and have one great grandchild. They wish the best for Parshall and hope to share the "good times" of Parshall and community on the observance of it's 50th Anniversary.

MR. AND MRS. MATT CASEY I came to Parshall oh March 19, 1922 and farmed my brother Jack's farm for seven years. The farm was four miles north of Parshall just north of what was known as "The Strip". Location was NW Section 12, Twp 152, Range 90. I lived there until 1935 and my address was Plaza. This land was known also as the Ed Monson Homestead. My neighbors were John Hermanstad on the east, Mrs. John Holman and family on North, George Jordet to the west and John Hanzal to the south. In the fall of 1929 I went to work for the North Dakota Highway Department maintaining a new highway between Parshall and Plaza. This road ran to the Ward County line just east of Plaza. I worked this with horses up to 1933. The Highway Dept. brought in a Motor Patrol in January of 1933 as this road was graveled in the fall of 1932. After this, I worked various roads out of Parshall, In 1940 I was sent to McLean County working south to the Missouri River which brought me to the Four Bears Bridge at Elbowoods and east of Raub. In 1935 I bought a small city block in the northwest part of the City of Parshall. This I purchased from David Larin. I received from him the original patent, this being signed by President Woodrow Wilson. Then I purchased a house north of Parshall and moved this in on one of those lots. Edwin Evans moved this house over to Highway 23. Then Ed Kjelstrup sent a rubber tired tractor, which was something new at the time, and hauled it to the lot for me. Many of the neighbors helped me at this time also, namely: Nick Nelson, Julius Risan and Fred Maurer, Tom Dalen — 217 — and his two sons. Then I sold two lots to George Risan, two to Sidney Geving and two to Ole Boyer. In 1942 I went to work at janitor in Parshall School and stayed until 1948. I then, sold my house to Joe Paetz and when school was out that spring I moved out here to Spokane. Margaret took an active part in community affairs and was instru­ mental in organizing the following: the first Hot-lunch Program in Par- shall School District in the fall of 1943 under the National School Lunch Act. With the help of Mrs. J. Gummer, she organized the first Home- maker's club in the fall of 1930. It was called "Our Community Club." She, also, organized the first Girls' 4-H Club in Parshall area in 1938.

CHRIS AND TRESSIE CLEMENSEN Chris and Tressie Clemensen and their 22 month old son, John, better known as Jack, left their home at Sherburne, Minnesota, to build a home on the North Dakota prairies in March, 1913. Their present home was built and they were moved in before Pearl came to join the family September 2, 1913. All lumber and supplies were hauled by team and wagon from Plaza, N. D. On September 27, 1915, Francis, better known by his friends as "Tike," came to join the family. The Clemensens were instrumental in forming the Division School District as it was so far for little children to ride in winter to go to Parshall school as the buses were horse drawn wagons or sleds. Tressie was clerk of Division School District until about three years before redistricting, and Chris was a board member until redistricting. Chris is still a member of the Parshall Township board. Jack Clemensen married Edith Anderson from Van Hook and had three children, Ariene, Joyce and Gary. Ariene is married to Wayne Heimbigner, has one daughter Lisa and lives in Spokane, Washington. Joyce is married to Dave Young, has one daughter, Kelly and lives in Indianapolis, Indiana. Gary is at home and is a student in High School in Spokane, Wash. Edith died in March, 1951. Jack is remarried and lives in Spokane, Washington. Pearl Clemensen married F. E. (Gene) Twidt of Minot, N. D., and lived in California until her death in March, 1958. Francis Clemensen married Myrtle Hilleren of Parshall and lives on a farm near the Clemensen homestead and to this union were born five children, Curtiss, Dorine, Janice, Joanne and Carol, Curtiss is at home and farms with his dad. Dorine is married to Wayne Zahnow; his three daughters, Terri, Beverly and Karen. They live on a farm south of Raub, N. D. Janice is married to Lloyd Brown, has one son, James and lives in Stanley, N. D. Joanne is married to Alfred Brown, has one daughter, Donna. They live en a farm west of Parshall. Carol is at home and is a student in Parshall Junior High. Chris and Tressie are still living on the homestead and have livestock and farm. They wish to congratulate Parshall on its 50 years and are proud to have grown older with the community. — 218 — NELS AUNE'S Mr. and Mrs. Nels Aune filed on land in 1912 one mile west of Par- shall. They with their 5 children came to Plaza on June 12, 1913, with two box cars of machinery, household goods, wagons, horses, cattle, etc. Parshall was just a prairie; there were no buildings. A prairie fire had just gone through the country and everything was black. Mr. Aune had built a 12 x 12 foot shack without a floor. As this was too small for sleeping quarters for the entire family, an additional sleeping room was made with potato and oat sacks with a tent or canvas put over them. Two bed springs were put into this shelter for the children to sleep on. If it rained everyone went into the shack and by putting the table boards on the ground in an effort to try to keep the bedding dry. Now and then we had a three day rain! We hauled water from the creek in barrels for the cattle, horses and chickens. We would picket the horses and cows to keep them from wander­ ing away. In the fall of 1913 Pete Heuer commenced on the building of our home. Mr. Aune had a milk route for 27 patrons in Parshall. In 1943 Mr. and Mrs. Aune retired and moved into Parshall. Mr. Aune passed away in August of 1948 and Mrs. Aune in April of 1949. The Aune's were the parents of five children: Arthur, deceased; Mrs. Blevens (Hazel) deceased; Norman, Duluth, Minn.; Mrs. Louis Evenson, (Alice) Parshall, N. D.; Ernest, Brea, Calif.

MODEL PIONEERS SETRAS' Miss Clara Setra and her parents lived on her farm for a few years. Then she married Louis Stanle and lived in Parshall until her death in 1923. Amelia Setra married Jacob Vig and they lived on his farm. They had two sons; Alvin and Kenneth. Jacob died from influenza in 1920. Amelia still owns the farm, but she makes her home in Parshall. Alvin Vig is married and lives in Minneapolis. Kenneth Vig is married and has several children. They live in Illinois.

BUTTS' Mrs. Hilma Butts homesteaded on her land in 1913 and the Butts made their home there for many years. Herman was active in township affairs and served as clerk of the district for 20 years. He was a state legislator for several terms. They moved to Minot in 1937 where they lived the remainder of their lives. A daughter Ruth lives in Oregon, and a granddaughter Pauline lives in Minot.

RAMBECK'S A. 0. Rambeck did not live on his homestead until about 1920. He worked in the N. 0. Sanden store in Parshall. Three children were born to the Rambecks, namely LeRoy, Oscar and Harold. In the late 1930's they moved to Tacoma, Wash., to make their home.

— 219 — ERICK AND JENS JENSONS Erick Jenson came to Model Township in 1913. He had been a blacksmith at Dickey, N. D. where he had come from Denmark. In 1914 he sent for his son Jens, and in 1916 his daughter came. A few years later another son came. Erick farmed as long as his health permitted, and then his grand­ son, Egan.took over the farming and still lives there. Jens and his wife Alice have now moved to Williston. For many years they lived in Minot. They have four children: Junior of Billings and Lola, Marie and Dorothy of Williston. Other grandchildren are: Mrs. Clayton Weedeman (Letha) and Mrs. Lillie Helgeson.

GILBERT NESS' Carelius A. (Charley) Ness and Clarissa Mathison were married at Hector, Minnesota in 1889. Their four children were all born in Minnesota. Gilbert wos born on September 20, 1890, and Alvilde was born on August 20, 1895. Two boys, Olaf and Hans, died while they were quite young. In the fall of 1913, the Ness family moved to Model Township where Mr. Ness had a homestead. Gilbert homesteaded on an adjoining quarter of land. Alvilde taught school near Cooperstown, N. D., and later on in the Model School District. During World War I, Gilbert was in the Army for two years and was stationed for some time at an Army Hospital near Fort Worth, Texas. Mrs. C. A. Ness died in the fall of 1922. Mr. Ness died in March in 1945. Gilbert Ness and Katherine Pappel were married in 1930. They own both Gilbert's and his father's homestead.

LARS O. LANDES' Mr. and Mrs. Lars 0. Lande were among the early pioneers who staked their claims and settled in Model Township in the spring of 1912. They came from Mayville, N, D., where they had been in the restaurant business fcr a number of years. Their nearest trading center was then Plaza which was about 9% mils away. With their family of four children they re­ mained on the homestead farm until August of 1936, when they moved to Everett, Wash. Mr. Lande passed away in July of 1945. To Lars Lande goes the credit of erecting the first building in Par- shall which later became the Post Office. Mrs. Lande 'now Mrs. B. A. Folden) and her husband live in Belling- ham, Washington. Mrs. J. E. Hays (Solxeig Lande) lives with her family at Sunnyside, Washington. Otto Lande and family live in Minot, N. D. Otto is vice-president of the Northern School Supply and Equipment Inc. of Fargo, N. D. Dr. Leon Lande and his family live at Lincoln Park, Michigan, Lloyd Lande and his family live in Seattle, Washington. There arc twelve grandchildren.

— 220 — FRANK LIDGREN'S Frank Lidgren came to the United States from Sweden in 1914 and homesteaded one-half mile east of Parshall. He became a citizen of the United States and lived and farmed in the Parshall area until his health failed in 1951. Mr. Lidgren was very fond of the associations he made in this area and did enjoy visiting with "old timers" when the opportunity presented itself. He passed away in 1959 on St. Patrick's Day. Mrs. Lidgren now lives in Portland, Oregon.

JULIUS ASCHIEMS' Mr. and Mrs. Julius Ascheim came to the Parshall area in 1913 and settled in Model Township. The family moved to Sunburst, Montana in 1940. Mr. Ascheim served on the Model School board for a time. He loved to play the violin and often entertained by playing at various house parties in the area in the early years. Mrs. Ascheim was a charter member of the Lutheran Ladies Aid. There were eleven children in this family but as far as is known none are living in North Dakota at this time. They were: Orville, Lester, Minnie, Esther, Clara Benn, Newton, Marvin, Emmet, Oranda, Norman and Geneva.

EMIL SODERBERGS' Mr. and Mrs. Emil Soderberg came to Model Township in 1914. Mr. and Mrs. Emil Soderberg and Mr. and Mrs. Frank Soderberg had a double wedding ceremony in Minot in the fall of 1914. Emil bought the McCannan Homestead. Mrs. Soderberg passed away in 1916, and a few years later, Mr. Soderberg remarried. He continued to live on the farm until he retired in 1959, at which tim he moved to California. They have one daughter Who is now married and also, lives in California. Mr. Soderberg passed away in 1963.

ERICK JOHNSONS' Erick Johnson homesteaded in April of 1905. He and his family lived there until his death in 1920. Mrs. Johnson remained on the farm for one year, at which time she sold out and moved elsewhere. There were ten children in the family, Martha, Agnes, Ella, Walter, Silas, Clarence, Alice, Ina, Esther and Roy.

KOENIGS* Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Koenig (Emma Fredericks) each had a home­ stead and they built their farm on his land, where they made their home until his death. Mrs. Koenig then sold the farm to Hermann Wenzel who come there from Minnesota. Arnold Wenzel now owns the farm and resides there with his family.

— 221 — SMITHS' Roy and his father each had a homestead in Plaza Township. Roy married Minnie Johnson and they lived first on his farm; then moved to the Albert Olson farm in Model Township where they farmed until 1934. They later bought the Gustafson land which formerly belonged to Ellen Skuttle and her mother. They farmed this for many years but are now retired. They have three children, namely; Milford who Iivevs at home, Mrs. Robert Andes, (Olive) of Parshall, Mrs. Gilman Engen, (Marlys) Raub, North Dakota.

JIM JENSONS' Jim Jensen came to Parshall and homesteaded in Model Township in 1913. He and Alvilda Ness were married in 1918 and have three children, Roy, June and Elaine. Both Roy and June were born on the homestead. After living on the Fred Dewell farm in 1921-1922; the C. A. Ness farm in 1923, the Jensen family moved away for a time and then returned to the Ness farm and in 1940 they bought the John A. Johnson farm in Banner Township. The Jenson's tell of the battle with the army worms in 1918. The side of the house on which the sun shone would be covered with them. Pre­ ferring green leaves they were extremely hard on garden and trees but were not so devastating in the grain fields. However, they did strip the Russian thistles until only the stalks remained standing. Berrypicking was a marvelous adventure. They would pack their lunch and start out very early in the morning to pick juneberries, chokecherries or plums on the Indian land where the best fruit was. The Indians charged for the picking so it was a game to try to get into the best picking areas without being seen. Seme of the Indian could not speak English so the trading and haggling had to be done in the sign language. At houseparties, when the homesteaders decided to dance, all the furniture would be moved out of one room and set outside. In Model Township, Julius Ascheim and Henry Mortenson usually furnished the music for the dances and Fred Dewell was the square dance caller. Almost everyone liked to dance so the dance floor was crowded — as many as 13 couples dancing in a room only 12 x 12. Mrs. Jensen passed away in March, 1964,

MARKENS' Robert Marken lived on his farm for 15 years and then moved his family to Sanish. The farm was sold to Chris Olson in the 1930's, and Mrs. Olson now operates it but she has her home in Parshall.

VIGS' Oscar Vig had a claim next to his sister, Mrs. Wadholm for 2 years. He then moved back to Sharon where he continued to farm. His claim shack was one of the first schoolhouses in the area. Mr. and Mrs. Vig now reside at Sharon, N. D.

— 222 — FOSTER MOYERS' Foster Moyer, one of the pioneer settlers in the Parshall area, took up his homestead in the Parshall area, 2% miles southeast of Parshall in the spring of 1913. In June of that year he was united in marriage with Lulu E. Grady, and on their homestead they raised a family of six chil­ dren. They are: Alice (Mrs. Jesse Torgerson) Parshall, N. D.; Irene (Mrs. Harvey Markwardt), Velva, N. D.; Helen, (Mrs. John Keane), Venturia, Calif.; Kenneth Mortenson, Jamestown, N. D.; Betty, (Mrs. Dale Kippler), Minneapolis, Minn., and Florence (Mrs. Delbert Baese), Minneapolis, Minn. On July 2, 1956 Mrs. Moyer passed away, and at the present time Mr. Moyer has retired from farming, but still spends most of the summer months on his farm that he homesteaded fifty-one years ago.

DRONENS' Mr. and Mrs. Dronen moved to Model Township in October, 1916 to a quarter of land they bought from Mrs. Philips, the homesteader. They had three children born at Parshall; others were born at Zion, Illinois. In June, 1923 they sold their farm, to Bert Baardson and moved to Zion. There, Mr. Dronen died in December 1958 after suffering a heart attack. Their children are: Alta, a nurse who has-been in Ethiopia since 1947. Warren, who graduated from College in Colorado and is in the Service. Beulah, a nurse, who is an anesthetist in Wawkegan, Mich., Hans, Jr., who lives at home and works in Zion. One daughter died in childhood. Mrs. Dronen still lives at Zion, 111.

ESTVOLDS' Mr. and Mrs. Sofus Estvold were married in 1922 and moved onto the Olaf Storlie farm, where they lived until 1S47, when they moved into Par- shall. Their son, Spencer and family live on the farm at the present time. Mr. Estvold passed away in 1963.

HENRY MORTENSONS' Henry Mortenson came to Plaza, N. D., April 1st, 1913 and walked to Parshall the next day. A little later he filed on a homestead and built a house there that first summer. The next spring, in April of 1914 Henry with his wife, Annie, and 5 month old son, Harry, came to live on the North Dakota Prairies. October 28, 1915, a baby girl, Georgia, arrived. Both Harry and Georgie graduated from Parshall High School. They lived one mile east of Parshall for 26 years, until in 1939 they moved back to Minnesota and bought a small farm. These last 10 years they have lived in their home in Pelican Rapids, Minn. Harry and family live in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He has been working for Honeywell Regulating Company for over 20 years. They have three children: Karen — 18, Lorraine — 16 and Dennis — 12. Georgia, (Mrs. Victor Onstad) and family live at Fergus Falls, Minnesota. They have one daughter, Carole — 16.

— 223 — OSCAR JOHNSONS' Oscar bought a relinquishment in 1914, and then moved his wife and 6 children: Minnie, Emma, P'lorence, Clarence, Clifford and Ella from Pelican Rapids, Minn., to the homestead. Oscar was active in community affairs and township business. While living on the farm three more children born to this couple, namely: Ruth, Gerald and Lynn. Oscar passed away in 1922, but his wife remained on the farm until 1927. She later married Axel Wall, another pioneer of Model Township and they moved to Michigan, where he and some of the children still live. Mrs. Roy Smith (Minnie) of Parshall. Mrs. Carl Krueger (Florence) of Ross Clifford died a few years ago.

KACZORS' Mrs. Mary Tomko homesteaded in 1913 on her farm. She came from Pennsylvania with her three children: John, Annie and Helen after the death of her husband in a coal mine. In 1914 she married Joseph Kaczor and five children were born to them. They are: Joseph Jr., George, Mary, Susie and Evelyn. The Kaczors lived on the farm until 1930, when they moved to Parshall. Mrs. Morris Knutson (Annie) lives on a farm south of Makoti. George lives at the West Coast and the others live in Minot.

FRED EDINGERS' Fred Edinger came to file on his homestead in Model Township in March, 1913. In June he went back to Wells County to get his wife and two children, Clifford and Elsie. Fred hauled lumber for his buildings from Plaza, and all of their shopping was done there. They traveled with a team or horses on a wagon. "There were many hardships to bear in those years such as, drouth, hail and insect pests which caused crop failures," said Mr. Edinger. Four more children were born to the family. One girl, born in 1914, died of diphtheria in 1924. Mr. Edinger was very active in the community. He was Township clerk, and clerk of the school board for years. He was township assessor for 20 years. In 1927 the Edingers moved to Epworth, where they lived until they came to Parshall in 1955. Their children live as follows: Mrs. Milford Halvorson, (Elsie) Palermo, North Dakota, Clifford Edinger, Detroit, Michingan, Mrs. Myrtle Lorent- zen, Lodi, California, Mrs. Carlton Holmen, (Mildred) Powers Lake, North Dakota, Mrs. Fred Barenthsen (Alta), Stanley, North Dakota.

RUUDS' Iver Ruud and Signa Hovda were married on April 29, 1916 by Judge Crippen. Iver Ruud homesteaded the SVfe SW 8-152-89 in 1913. Their children were are follows:

— 224 — Doris — Mrs. Clifford Lerum, Ft. Benton, Montana. Irene — Mrs. Erwin Kroeplin, Tucson, Arizona. Rueben — (Deceased) World War 2, Tararwa, Nov. 1943 George — Now living on the original homestead. Lester — New Town, North Dakota, Lavonne — Mrs. Kenneth Hemmerling, Medford, Oregon. Carol — Mrs. Normand Raymond, LaMonte, California. Iver Ruud passed away in February of 1937. Mrs. Ruud is now Mrs. Signa Dolan of Medford, Oregon.

HOVDAS' Edward and Julia Hovda came from Grandmeadow, Minn., and home­ steaded the NWVt of Section 8-152-89 in 1805. Julia Hovda died in 1925 and Edward moved to Canada about 1930 where he passed away in 1938. Their children were as follows: Silas — passed away in 1960. Nervin — Valley City, N. D. Signa — Mrs. Signa Dolan, Medford, Oregon. Elger — Hay ward, Calif. Emory — passed away in 1952. Alice — Eugene, Oregon. Arthur — Stanley, N. D.

ARTHUR NELSONS' Emma Larson homesteaded in Model Township in 1912. She lived on the land and working with cooking jobs here and there. At one time she was the chief cook in John Holmen's cook car. Emma married Arthur Nelson in Wells County in 1914. He came from Hardin, Mont., in 1914 and bought a quarter of land one mile east of Emma's land. They lived on Emma's farm until 1948, when their son, Stanton, took over. Emma then purchased a home in Parshall where she lived until her death in 1954. Art farmed near Douglas for years and passed away in 1958. Emma was a member of the First Lutheran Church and was active in Aid and Sunday School work. They had three children; Raymond who lived in California and passed away in 1961. Stanton and Harold who lived at Parshall, N. D.

STORLIES' Olaf Storlie took his claim one mile east of Parshall July 9, 1913. The family, Mrs. Storlie, Myrtle, Lloyd and Gladys arrived in October of that year. There was one building in Parshall at the time, and that was the John Iverson home and store. The mail at that time was hauled from Plaza by Mr. Baker. The first school the children attended was at Miss Anderson's home­ stead. This was near the Oscar Johnson homestead. Mrs. James Jensen (Alvilda Ness) was their teacher. Olaf worked hard on the farm, breaking sod, putting up buildings

— 225 — and fencing the land. He also did some carpenter work for others; helped to build the Lutheran Church basement, which was used for his funeral a little later. He was chairman of the Highway Commissioners; was taken sick in the winter of 1915, and passed away June 10th, 1916. After the father's death, a cousin, Mabel Nicholson, came to live with the family. She taught school in Model No. 1. Later she taught in Wabek. Mrs. Storlie was one of the charter members of the Lutheran Aid and served as it's president for several years. Lloyd and Gladys were confirmed by Rev. S. E. Eastvold, a pastor who is well remembered for his church and community work in this area. Mrs. Storlie lived in Spokane, Wash., her last years, and passed away there February 13, 1956, at the age of 83 years. The children are: Mrs. Henry Hollis (Myrtle), The Dalles, Oregon; Lloyd, Cheney, Wash., and Mrs. Henry Seibt (Gladys), Anaconda, Mont.

JOHN ANDERSONS'

John Anderson came to his homestead N E 17 Model Township in Dec­ ember 1912, and he was instrumental in starting the Erickson-Hellickson Lumber Co., in Parshall in 1914. After six years on the farm and eight years in Stanley, Mr. and Mrs. Anderson moved to Tacoma, Wash., where they now reside. Mr. and Mrs. Anderson were married ift Fargo in 1916. They are the parents of three children, Agnes, Harold and Wallace who were all born in Parshall and who are now deceased.

BENGTSONS' Otto Bengtson was born in Hoff Solar, Norway in 1872. When a young man he migrated to Iowa, then to Mineapolis, where he did masonry work. In 1905 he came to this vicinity and filed on a homestead in what is now Model Township.

— 226 — Since Berthold was the closest town, he made many trips there on foot that first year for groceries. He married Julia Hermanson, who was a neighbor on her homestead. She had been born at Capron, Illinois, in 1882, but grew up in Iowa. She worked in Minneapolis before coming to North Dakota to file on land. In the early days he owned an Aultman-Taylor tractor, with which he helped the farmers to break up the new land around Parshall and what used to be the Van Hook community. He later owned a big thresh­ ing rig and worked till late in the fall each year threshing for the farmers for miles around. Mrs. Bengtson died in 1926 at Plaza. In 1936 Mr. Bengtson and fam­ ily moved to a farm 1% miles northeast of Parshall, where he continued to farm until his death at Minot in March of 1947. They had 7 children: Lloyd, who married Ann Ebel of Lidgerwood where they now live. They have four children Harry of Dane, Wise, who married Irene Longeman and they have 11 children. Mrs. Iver Butler (Grace) of Woodlawn, Oregon, They have three sons. Orris of Parshall who married Gladys McLaughlin of Plaza. Mrs. E. L. McCrea (June) of Havre, Montana. They have six children. Mrs. Richard Muhlbradt (Gayle) of Parshall who has two girls. Mrs. Oscar Braaflat (Dorothy) of Plaza who is the mother of four children. Dorothy's husband, Oscar Braaflat is also a pioneer. At the age of 6 years he came with his widowed mother and three other children to the Plaza vicinity in 1906. The mother later married Gust Hendricks and remained in that com­ munity until her death.

HENRY TUVESON Henry was a pioneer who lived his life from homestead days to his death (1956) in Model Township. He was Justice of the Peace for many years and was known as "Judge Tuveson".

KOEHLERS' Ragnald Skarstad, a school teacher, lived many years on her land. She married Paul Koehler in 1930 and they farmed here for 10 years. They moved to Dishman, Wash., and remained there until their deaths.

MALCOLMS' — CORA AND JOHN Cora lived for a few years on her homestead; then she married and moved to Oregon. John married Myrtle Storlie and they had four children. He sold his farm and they moved to South Dakota in the 1920's.

WADHOLMS' — LARS AND HANS Lars homesteaded in Model Township in 1913, where the family lived until 1920, when they moved back to Aneta, North Dakota. During the early days they shopped in Plaza. Mrs. Wadholm recalls driving to the Missouri River to fish. As they crossed the Reservation they saw Indians wearing shawls and feather- headgear.

— 227 — Congratulations Parshall

on your 50th Anniversary

Best Wishes For A Successful Anniversary Celebration

Continued Progress for You, Our Neighbor, Is Our Wish

New Town Chamber of Commerce

— 228 — One of the horses got sick at the river, and ran away, so Lars took the other horse and rode after the sick one. The family was forced to sleep in their wagon that night. On their return trip to Parshall the next day, they stopped to buy groceries and could get only soda crackers. What a trip! Their four children are: Maurice of Grand Forks, a contractor; Ada, who lives on a far mat Northwood, N. D.; Dick was teaching in California, but died of a heart attack; and Dewey is now living in Devils Lake. Lars died of a heart attack in 1934. Hans Wadholm's land was north of Lars'. Hans only spent a few years here and then moved to South Dakota where he married and now resides.

BAARDSONS' Bert L. Baardson was born on a farm near Baldwin, Wise, in 1890. In 1911 when the Fort Berthold land opened up for homesteading, he drew No. 1456 and filed on land in Model Township. Later he bought the Rich­ ardson quarter and the Hans Dronen land where he later moved with his family. In 1919 he married Anna Johnson from Mento, Minn., and in 1948 the family moved to Parshall where they bought a home, but continued to farm. Bert died in 1954. Mrs. Baardson lives in Parshall at the pre­ sent time. They had four children. They are: Mrs. Jesse Andes (Beulah) of Seattle, Wash.; Mrs. Mel­ vin Kirkeide (LaVonne) of Fargo, N. Dak.; David, who lives near Parshall; and Mrs. Rodney Anderson (Miriam) of Minot, N. Dak. There are ten grand children and one great grand child.

JOHN SKAKUN John came to his homestead in the fall of 1914, and built a claim shack with lumber hauled from Max by team and wagon. He farmed with four oxen for several years. In 1920 he bought the Lars Wadholm farm and moved there to live. About 1930 he bought a farm in the Van Hook vicinity and there he lived until his unfortunate death.

STORLIES' Mr. and Mrs. Tobias Storlie came to the homestead in the spring of 1914 from Wells County and lived there until they retired in the 1940's. Tobias helped organize the township and served on both the Township and School Boards. They had 7 children: Hazel, Milton and Alice, who were born before they moved there, with Lila, Elmer, Bernie and Loren being born on the farm. Loren died when he was 8 years old. Mrs. Walter Swenson (Alice) lives near Plaza. The others live in Washington and Idaho.

TORKELSONS' John and Ole Torkelson lived on the former's homestead until they retired and moved out west. — 229 — OLE T BUTLER When Parshall was born in 1914, Mr. and Mrs. Ole T. Butler had already resided in Model Township for 8 years. In the spring of 1906, on May 2nd, Father and my two brothers, Chester and George moved out to the homestead. Their first undertaking was to dig a well which went to the depth of 48 feet by hand; they broke some sod for the first crop, built something to live in and also constructed a sod barn. The digging of the well was dangerous work but they did not know it at the time. Father told later that he found breathing difficult down in that well, but the job had to be done so they continued on with their work. Later, he learned that the homesteaders who were digging a well about 2 miles from his operation had succumbed at their work from the effects of some sort of gas. How thankful we all were that our dad and two brothers had been spared. In the fall dad brought mother and the rest of the family from Clif­ ford, North Dakota out to their new home. In 1914 the family consisted of eleven children, namely: George, Chester, Earl, Katy, Charles, Clarence, Carrie, Clara, Eva, Iver and Esther. At the time of this writing nine of we children are still enjoying good health. Mother and father have long since passed on to their heavenly reward. Mother in 1918 and father in 1939. Sister Katy passed away in 1917 and brother Chester passed on in March of '63. Charlie and Clarence live in Parshall and the other 7 brothers and sisters are scattered throughout several of the states. 1914 — what a wonderful year that was to be a young boy. The Butler farm, by that time, was fairly well established. There was a nice grove of trees underway, the house was fairly spacious and quite well furnished for that day. The other buildings such as barns, granaries and machine shed were well-painted and kept in good repair. There also was a small underground ice-storage house that supplied the ice for those Sunday afternoon ice-cream treats. There was plenty of livestock around the farm including a pony or two, and for faster transportation dad had his Model T Ford which he had purchased in 1911. And then, of course, there was that massive assembly of iron and steel which was beautifully covered with red and green paint. It was known as a Big Four Gasoline Tractor and was hocked to eight breaking plows and had already turned over a lot of sod for the new homesteaders just south of us. Our farm was located on one of the main roads leading to the homestead area. There just seemed to be no end to the traffic coming from the east. Mostly teams of horses hitched 2 - 4 - 6 - or more to the load. Many of the travelers would notice the windmill on father's farm and would stop in for a cold drink of water. A common remark by the new-comer was "I haven't had a decent drink of water since I left Minnesota", or wherever they came from. Then, of course, to a young boy, the most interesting things on the road were those clanging, banging or puffing things called tractors. Most of them were massive in size and they made the earth fairly tremble as they lumbered slowly by. What a treat it was to go with Dad in his Model T down to the home-

— 230 — stead area where he would check on the progress of his breaking outfit. There always was something new for a boy to see. On one occasion we came upon a massive steam engine stuck in a mud hole. It was lying over on it's side, snorting and puffing like some sorely wounded animal. There were men and teams hauling rocks and timbers trying to get something as a footing for the creature to roll out onto. What heroes those fellows who ran those tractors were! that is to a boy, and the greasier they were the better, and a much smarter engineer they had to be. Yes, great days those had to be! Everyone had their big hopes and dreams! Many people worked too hard but the bond of fellowship of those early days was the real McCoy! Truly, those were the days when the latch string hung outside! What a big, wide, wonderful world it was for young boys! I am thankful I was one of them! Clarence S. Butler

LEONARD COLCLOUGHS* In June of 1914, Leonard Colclough came to Plaza in search of a homestead which he secured in Model Township. He located near the Erick Jensen farm and Jensen's team and wagon were used to haul much of the lumber from Plaza for the Colclough house. At this time, the Soo Line, which runs diagonally across the Colcough farm was just being built and the Colclough children used to enjoy them­ selves by watching the progress of building that railroad grade and the laying of the rails. By September of that year, Mr. Colclough returned to Dickey, North Dakota for his family. Cattle, horses, machinery, household goods, cat and dog arrived in due time by emigrant car, with Leonard and son, George, accompanying same. Mrs. Colclough, Florence, Marguerite and Gertrude arrived in Plaza on September 28th. On the trip out to the farm that evening, the family stopped at the L. T. Shie farm for drinking water. This was all so exciting for the Colclough children. The contrast between the barren prairies, with no trees in this new territory, with the wooded, well-settled home surroundings which they had left in the James River Valley area was very noticeable to this group, and needless to say, the contrast offered quite a challenge to them, fcr a time. As lets were being sold in Parshall, Leonard took his carpenter tools and went to work with building projects. He made the acquaintance of a Mr. John Bachman, who was a painter and the two men worked together. Mr. Bachman often spent his weekends at the Colclough farm. Mrs. Col­ clough and the children remained at the farm doing the general work, digging and hauling rocks, building fences, etc. John Skakun's homestead joined the Colclough's and he was a real friend. He farmed with four oxen and the children were so fascinated with watching this progress. A real, true pioneer sight for their memory's recollection. Hugh Miller came up from Banner Township and helped to organrze a School District in 1915, Model Township's first school was a claim shack. — 231 — (E. M. Antrim's) which was located about 2V2 miles southeast of Col dough's. The children either walked or drove "Old Maude" to school. This place burned down and then Oscar Vig's shack was used for a time, as was Miss Skutle's shack, until Model School was built in 1917. Two acres of the Colcough land were set aside for this purpose. The first train came through in January of 1915, and readily do the Colclough's recall this important, progressive step towards progress Win­ ters in these years were rugged with lots of snow. Oftentimes Mrs. Col­ clough helped the crew shovel to dig out the train and many times she fed the crew at her home. In those days it was a common occurrence for a prairie fire to start from the sparks from the railroad engine. The freight cars would be heavily loaded with grain from this vast farming area and as they laborously crawled over the tracks it was easy for a fire to get started in the luxuriant growth along the way. In 1918, during the flu epidemic Mrs. Colclough went from house to house helping to care for the ill. She always took food along on these trips, truly portraying her role as a pioneer mother. The depression years of 1929 - 1938 left some of those difficult mem­ ories. In 1923, the army worms and grasshoppers destroyed everything in their path. 1934 was the hardest year of all. Many of the farmers were forced to sell their cattle to the government. Wheat was 28c per bushel. Eggs sold at 5c a dozen. If someone was lucky enough to get a little wheat it was taken to the mill and ground into flour and taken home again. It would take 3 bushels of wheat to make 100 pounds of flour. With the coming of a little more moisture in 1939 things began to brighten up. Land was selling cheap and many sold out and returned to their former home, or went elsewhere. Leonard Colclough was one of the first assessors of Model Township and he did serve on the school and township boards for many years. Four boys and four girls grew up in this home. Rowland still lives on the original homestead. Florence, Marguerite and Pearl all live in the Parshall area. Gertrude, George, Fred and Frank live elsewhere. All are married and in homes of their own, with the exception of Row­ land who never found a partner.

FERTILE TOWNSHIP FERTILE BIRTHDAY CLUB On April 11, 1918, a township southwest of Parshall was named "Fer­ tile". That same year the Nonpartisan Club was organized in this town­ ship. It wasn't easy to get to the meetings, which were held in the home­ steaders' homes, for so many of the young mothers had to walk and carry their little children, but many social and political gatherings are well remembered by the early members. Both men and women were members. In 1923, it was decided to change the name to "Fertile Community Club". This name was used until March 5, 1937, at which time the Club met at the home of Mr. and Mrs. Henry Niklason, and then the name was changed to "The Fertile Birthday Club". It was decided to have it only a ladies club of about 20 mem­ bers. The club's purpose is purely social, and it meets to celebrate

— 232 — each member's birthday. They, also, have an annual family picnic and an annual Christmas party. Seven of the present club members are of the old Nonpartisan Club. They are: Mrs. Alfred Hilleren Mrs. Fred Klesalek Mrs. Joe Waldock Mrs. Ed Edwardson Mrs. Christ Spitzer Mrs. Clarence Runquist Mrs, William Woessner Many of the other Birthday Club members are of the second genera­ tion, who are at present living in Fertile Township. This Club has reached a 45 year goal and will continue to meet in Fertile Township. We hope to continue same for another 45 years, at least!

AXEL OLSONS' Axel Olson was born September 16, 1877 at Baldwin, Wise, the son of a Norwegian immigrant. He grew to manhood in Wisconsin. He and Miss Grace Williams were married June 3, 1908 at Mara, Min­ nesota. They lived in Vining, Minn., until Axel homesteaded in Mountrail County in 1912. Mrs. Olson and the three boys, David, Wade and Lloyd joined him here in the spring of 1913. Ted or Axel Theodore, was born in the spring of 1913 (May) and is believed to be the first white child born on the reservation. Five more children were born on the farm in Fertile Township, They were: Ruth, Marjorie, Col. M. R. Olson, Reuben and Beatrice. David, the oldest son, died accidently at the age of 20 and is buried at Parshall. Axel Olson was a member of the First Reservation School Board and the Olson children attended the first school in Parshall, until schools were built in Fertile Township. Before her marriage, Mrs. Olson taught schools in Minnesota. After attending the Normal School at St. Cloud, Minnesota, Mrs. Olson taught the first consolidated school at Hannaford, N. Dak. After her marriage, in spite of being very busy rearing a large fam­ ily, Mrs. Olson still found time to fulfill her church obligations and pro­ mote the WCTU work. It was customary for Mrs. Olson to hold various offices in the organizations to which she belonged. She passed away in July, 1962, and is remembered by her family and friends as a loving and devoted person. Mr. Olson served on many local boards during his years in Parshall and he served in the State Legislature from 1935 until 1957, from Moun­ trail County, until ill health forced him to give up much of the outside activities. He is presently residing with his daughter who lives in Tacoma, Washington. We must mention that four of the Olson sons have a commendable record in the service of their country, namely: L. Lloyd (Dutch), Air Force; Axel T. 'Ted), Navy, Commander U. S. N. R.; Merlin (Cubby), Colonel U. S. M. C; and Reuben U. S. M. C. R.

Labor to keep alive in your heart that little spark of celectial fire callen conscience. —George Washington.

— 233 — BERNARD SCHULTZS' Bernard Schultz of Fremont, Io­ wa and Iva Gibbs of Marietta, 111., were married in June of 1915, at the home of the bride's parents, Mr. and Mrs. Elmer Gibbs, of Plaza, North Dakota. They returned to Iowa soon af­ ter their marriage, but they must have been very interested in this country, for Mr. Schultz drew a num­ ber which entitled him to file on a Bernard ShuUz with the Titan trac- quarter of land. Consequently, in tor purchased in 1920 which was also May of 1916, Mr. Schultz came back the first tractor sold by Tom Cooper, to Parshall where he had his choice from Parshall. cf settling in one of three areas a- round Parshall. His choice was the quarter of land 5 miles west of Parshall in what is now known as Fertile Township. He returned to Iowa until the fall of that same year when he moved to the location that was to be his home for about half a century. Among the things which Mr. and Mrs. Schultz brought to the new home were a team of horses, a cow, a few household goods and an old well-drilling machine. With this machine and three others he has pur­ chased over the years, he has drilled at least 175 wells in the surrounding area going back and forth by horse and buggy at least twenty miles to his work, at times, in those early years in this territory. The land that was "opened up" southwest of Parshall was settled by many young couples, who had left their comfortable homes in the East, and settled in this desolate country, where their joys and sorrows were shared in common, by all. For entertainment they visited amongst the neighbors. They played cards, square-danced and had many good, old-fashioned house parties. A considerable amount of work went into the job of preparation for these house parties, for all the furniture, including the kitchen stove was set out­ side to make room for the guests. One organ furnished the music for these parties, being transported by horse and sleigh from place to place. In making these trips from one home to another, the organ, the women and children were protected from the cold wind and snow by horse blankets draped over the sleigh. During the long, winter months the men would go in groups to town because of the fear of getting lost in a blizzard while traveling across the prairie, for sometimes those storms could come up real quickly and be mighty fierce. These trips were only made every few weeks as most of the groceries were ordered in boxes and kegs from a mail-order house. Fuel was lignite coal which came from mines in the township and the farmers usually worked together in groups with this work. In the spring of 1920, Mr. Schultz purchased his first tractor - a Titan. This was the first tractor that Tom Cooper sold from his store in Par-

— 234 — shall. With this added help, wheat farming became quite important for a number of years. Meanwhile, the one cow he had brought with him from Iowa and three others which he had purchased had grown into quite a sizeable herd In 1928, the original homestead shack was moved from it's site and a new home was erected on the site. Two children were born to the Schultz's. Berniece (Mrs. Gervase Mil­ ler) who with her family resides in Parshall; and a son Eldon, with his family live on the original farm. The Senior Schultzs left the farm in 1956, and moved to Parshall. Bernard is still active, however, as he goes to the farm daily to help care for the livestock and assist with the farming. One interesting fact brought along from Fertile Township is the close friendship that began fifty years ago, amongst those neighbors has never faded. Several of the older generation have retired and new live in Par- shall, but they do enjoy getting together with the grandchildren now, and do continue having their good friendly "get-to-gethers". The Schultz's, too, are looking forward to the real reminiscing that all will experience during the 50th Celebration Days. RECOLLECETIONS OF MELVIN PETERSONS' "I came to Parshall in 1914 and began hauling folks from Minot across the prairie where there were no roads nor bridges - just trails and small rivers which we crossed by fording. The "Big Muddy" 'Missouri River) we crossed on a flimsy ferry in a tin lizzie taxi wihch I had bought for $300.00, with no title, license or insurance. Everyone was on their own, taking their own chances. That year, I made over $3500.00 clear, despite the no-tax gas at 39c per gallon, oil at 50c a quart, and no-good tires at $18.00 a piece. When the Soo Line extended from Plaza to Wabek, Parshall, Van Hook and Sanish, with the two latter being under the waters of the Garri­ son Dam now, there was a big boom. City lots sold rapidly, with the highest being a $1,000.00 lot, where Steve Hanson's Store now stands, which proved that Parshall had the right kind of progressive-minded civic leaders - the bold, daring, far-sighted, live, up-and-coming toys that built and made Parshall the Soo Line leader that I liked so well. I settled there, married and farmed 1120 acres. I threshed and broke up countless acres of virgin sod on Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, which had been opened up for homesteading. This brought folks from all over the nation who were of different faiths and nationalities, but all with the determined spirit of friendliness for progress, coupled with a get- up-and-go again and again, following-through-spirit that made Parshall the ambitious little city that it is today. You may take your hats off to those pioneers. Many of them have passed on, but the same progressive, forward spirit lives on stronger than ever in the sons of these pioneers. This is evident wherever you look - new buildings, homes, churches, schools, water system, sewer, electricity, paved streets and sidewalks, roads, etc. You can look at the beautiful trees and flowers that have materialized out of the raw barren prairie that I first saw in 1911, as I passed through on one of the last big cattle

— 235 — Patten's Repair Shop Parshall, North Dakota

Forge Work, Welding, Stair Railings, Truck Hoists, Any kind of precision lathe and milling machine work. Internal and external threading, keyways. Located North End of Main Street.

LELAND PATTEN, Proprietor Parshall, North Dakota

C & D DRIVE INN

Serving the finest in Steaks, Sea Foods and Chicken Also orders to go. Open 7 Days A Week — 6:00 A. M. To 2:00 A. M.

Best Coffee In Town!

COLETTE AND DUANE EVENSON

NYGAARD HARDWARE

COMPLETE LINE OF HARDWARE

Ernest & Lucille Nygaard

PLAZA, NORTH DAKOTA

— 236 — drives from the Big Muddy to Plaza. We bedded down and slept on the ground at Wild Horse Spring. We crossed Shell Creek southwest of where Parshall now stands. There were about 50 of us with chuckwagon and all. I met some wonderful men in those days - the Voigts, Godahs, Fred­ ericks, Powers, Ward with his 101 ranch, and many more. A lot of good outstanding Indians were among some of the fine people that I met and dealt with - Chief Old Man Bear-On-Flat and his son Mark Matoo, Ted and Frank Spotted Bear, Owns Long Corn Silk; V. F. W. Earl Wheeler, Henry Sears, Many Ribs, the Indian Police and many more. By the way, Mark Matoo was a college graduate who won over a one million dollar lawsuit for his people, singlehandedly, in the Court of Claims. I farmed in that area until 1935, and leased 1120 acres from those people at $1.00 per acre, yearly, for cash rent. When the drought and the 18c per bushel wheat price hit us, and forced lease rentals which could not be met, they were most understanding, tolerant and lenient toward all of us. The old chief was 96 when he left for the Happy Hunting Ground. In accordance with their customs, he married a red-headed white woman, whom the Indians had found as a baby amongst an outlaw destroyed wagon- train, and had raised. Years later, the Bureau of Indian Affairs had located her folks and brought them together, but she being fully grown, and used to the Indian ways, decided to remain with them. They were her only way of life, language and all, they had always been so good to her, so she married the chief. Oh, I could write a bock about the happiest days of my life in Par- shall, and it's surrounding area, but it is a little bit hard for me to pass 'the past' around, so will close with this, wishing you all the best of every­ thing in your achievements and success for the big celebration for the 50th. I am retired now and living in Southern California, where I do meet a few occasional Parshallites. I get lonesome to come back and I do plan to see all of you in June of 1964."

MR. AND MRS. FRED KLESALEK In the years previous to our marriage, Fritz drilled wells in the Plaza and Makoti vicinity. After we were married, we lived in Mandan and in 1916 we filed on our homestead and Fritz built cur first home in Fertile Township. On February 2, 1917, we came via Soo Line Railroad from Mandan to Parshall and spent our first night in Parshall at the hotel. The following morning, we picked up our horses and wagon that Fritz had left with the Senior Aune's, loaded our furniture (which was at the depot and consisted of necessities only) bought food supplies at Richardson's Gen­ eral Merchandise Store and started out to our homestead. Since there was a lot of snow at that time of the year and no roads, we went di­ rectly to our homestead, about Vk miles, which took most of the day. We stopped at Ole Hanson's on our way and with his help, we moved into cur house. The next months and years were not easy. We had many disappoint­ ments, many good times and a lot of hard work. Our closest neighbors were the Sid Fosters who lived a mile away, the Ole Hanson's and Ley-

— 237 — ders about a mile and a half; with the Spitzers being about four miles away. The same spring (1917), Alfred Hillerens, Albert Liens, Joe Krafts, Ziebarths, Eddie Edwardsons, George Holts, William Woessners, Art Hed- bergs, and Henry Niklasons were among our new neighbors. We hired our soil broken the first year of our farming, as did most of our neighbors, and in the following years, we slowly acquired our needed machinery. Fritz continued with his drilling and repairing wells in the community. Our social life was centered around house parties. The Non-Partisan League (NPL Club) was formed and we became members of this club along with many of our neighbors. During our first ten years in Fertile Township, our six children were born, five girls and one boy, Karoline, Alice, Dellla, Blanche, James and Audrey. We acquired our first automobile, a Model T Ford, and the Zie- barth quarter of land. In 1928, we bought a Model A Ford and began building our "new" home which we completed and occupied in 1930. James married Cora Loen (daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Rasmus Loen of the Van Hook vicinity. They now farm on the heme place and have a family of four girls, Jan, Kelly and Kay (twins), and Becky. The Rasmus Loens were early homesteadeds in this area and their experiences in the early days are well worth mention, but due to limita­ tions of Parshall's book and territory, we were obliged to omit most of their story. They came here in 1912 and traveling cross-country in those days was no lark, from Plaza to their homestead claim in the south Van Hook territory, a trip of approximately twenty-five miles. The trip of the Loen's to their homestead must have been one to thrill the memory for their "caravan" consisted of the lumber wagon loaded with all of their earthly possessions. Behind the wagon was the buggy with the bride sitting there-in, with seme groceries, and a dog with a pup. The cow was tied behind the buggy. The birth of a calf to this migratory cow on the first trip out caused some delay and confusion, and the inability to get a stovepipe through the roof before darkness set in, forced them to spend their first night in the claim shack without heat. This was in November, too! Luckily, the winter was comparatively mild and the following season saw sod broken up and seeded to oats and flax. Having to be satisfied with bare necessities, and the exertion of much patience, the family sur­ vived without untold suffering. When supplies were needed a trip was made to Plaza, which always took two days.

PETER STAVROS' Peter Stavros came to this country from Greece. He was born at Beaunera Massina, Greece in 1893, and came to the United States when a lad of 14 years. He was accompanied to this country by an uncle and his first job in this country was with the Minneapolis-Moline Company in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1915, "Pete" came to Valley City, North Dakota, and worked for Mike Pusc there for a time. Peter Stavros enlisted in Uncle Sam's Army in World War I and served

— 238 — a hitch of 18 months, with 16 of those months being in some of the roughest fighting in France. After returning to the United States he applied for citizenship and was granted such, immediately. Before entering the service of his country, Pete filed on a homestead in Fertile Township, so upon discharge he returned and at that time he bought the Martha Pavalock relinquishment and proceeded to farm. Ida Heuer came to this area with her parents in 1913 from Iowa. Some of the Heuer's had been here prior to that, including Peter, who thought this territory looked full enough of promise that he was eager to stake his claim and grow up with the country. Consequently, in 1913, the Heuer immigrant car came to the end of the line- Plaza - at that time, and Ida recalls that first wagon trip over the prairies to the homestead 3'/2 miles west of Parshall. The furniture, a little farm machinery, about a dozen chickens, pulled by a favorite team of horses shipped up from Iowa, with the family pet cow, "Blue Bell" tied on behind. It didn't take Mr. Heuer long to erect the homestead shack, as he was a carpenter by trade, but the family lived with an uncle of Ida's in Plaza for a couple of weeks, until the new home was ready for occu­ pancy. At that time homestead shacks of the neighbors could be seen in the distance, but as there were no roads to speak of yet, one of the first necessary things to do was to plow a firebreak as the prairie grass in those days made wonderful cover, and a fire could hardly be quenched, once it got started. It was an awesome sight to see the prairie blackened in large areas in those days and it was a common occurence. Ida recalls the times that she and her mother walked north from their home about a mile to watch the railroad crews building the grade and laying the rails for the Soo Line as everyone was eagerly waiting for it's completion from Plaza to Sanish. She also recalls when the townsite was laid out for Parshall, and when the first lots were sold. The coming of the railroad brought many new people and interesting things to the territory, especially to a young girl with no brothers nor sisters who had to look elsewhere for enter­ tainment! The turning over of that virgin sod, the erection of fences, prairie fires, the lining out of trails along the section lines, instead of hit and miss across the prairie. To become of school age presented another problem to Ida and her parents. She attained the age of eight years before she had the opportun­ ity to even attend a school. Her first years were spent in attending the school held at the Congregational Church in Parshall; then later the township was divided and the closest school was Division School, a mere 2% miles from home. She recalls a group of husky, young, lively children, predominately of Scandanavian ancestry enrolled there. The time that a group of ranch horses broke into the school house at night, and raised havoc with things in general, disrupting the regular routine until many of the neighbors worked hard to scrub, clean and repair the damage done by those horses, so that school could reconvene as soon as possible Another time, as Ida was on the way to school and had just come up through a draw a short distance from her home, she heard a lound re- — 239 — port behind her, and upon looking back saw her mother standing out in front of the house banging a large spoon on a dishpan as she had seen four coyotes who were attempting to follow Ida. This alarm put Ida on guard and frightened the coyotes who ran off into the hills. Ida's parents were often called to help neighbors in times of distress and some startling experiences they had through the years when the territory was growing up. Mrs. Heuer was often times called to assist births, and various illnesses in the area. One time, Mrs. Heuer assisted in the removal of a huge sliver which a husky, young neighbor lad had embedded in himself as he slid across a wooden bench. It took the kitchen table, a razor, a bottle of Lysol, two people with good grips and plenty of nerve on the part of everyone concerned, to remove that sliver in short order. Upon removal, it proved to be about the size of a carpenter's pencil and half as long. The wound was washed and cleaned and healing progressed as rapidly as possible with no ill effects except that "Jess" preferred to stand up for a few days to eat his meals. As Ida grew to womanhood she had the urge to earn money for herself, so went to work as assistant cook on a cook car during harvest time. Wages were $2.00 per day and Ida was thrilled. The threshing out­ fit would go on regular runs every fall. Here is where Ida became acquainted with Peter Stavros, for one of the "stops" for the outfit was to the farm of Peter Stavros. They were married in 1925 and continued to live en Peter's farm for 25 years. They became the parents of five children. Two of these have Army careers to their credit. Elaine (Mrs. Andrew DeMalia) served in the Air Force and now lives at Schrewsbury, Mass. James served in the Navy. Both served extensive time in foreign areas. Marie (Mrs. Walter Hovda) lives at Burlington, North Dakota. Betty (Mrs. John Borseth) lives in Seattle, Washington. Helen lives in Denver, Colorado. Today, the son, James, lives on the home place in Fertile Township and continues to operate the farm. There are two grandchildren in the family. The Senior Stavros' retired in 1951 and moved to Parshall where they have continued to make their home. They are looking forward to Parshall's Fiftieth and hope to renew ac­ quaintanceship with many old friends and neighbors at that time.

MR. AND MRS. OLAF EDWARDSON Mr. and Mrs. Olaf Edwardson came to Parshall from Kenmare in the spring of 1918. Olaf had been in the territory in 1917 and filed on a claim in Fertile Township. Mr. and Mrs. Edwardson lived in a 10x12 foot claim shack the first year they were in this territory. They built their home in 1919. Edwardson's were always active in community affairs and many gatherings were held in their farm home. In 1934 they moved in to Par- shall and at that time they bought the house located just east of the Elementary School and now owned by Bill Hanson. Olaf Edwardson worked for Court Shubert on the Parshall Dray Line for five years. Children of the day recall their fondness for Olaf

— 240 — Edwardson, for he seemed to have a kind spot in his heart for all of them. Mrs. Edwardson was very active in church and Sunday School work. She enjoyed her hobby of making piece quilts. In 1940 the Edwardson's left Parshall and moved back to Mrs. Ed­ wardson's home in Missouri where Mr. Edwardson passed away after a short time. At the present time, Mrs. Edwardson lives at 312 McNatt, Aurora, Missouri. Their one daughter, Mrs. Edgar (Roberta) Gensch lives at 3862 N. 75th Street, Milwaukee, Wise The old farmstead was sold to Clark Van Horn who lives there at the present time. George Tenant, Mrs. Edwardson's son, lives in Texas.

MR. AND MRS. WILLIAM WOESSNER In 1916, Mr. Woessner, along witsh 29 other young men from Elbow Lake, Alinn., came to Minot, North Dakota, when it was learned that they could get a quarter of land by drawing a lucky number. Number 22 happened to be the lucky number and "Bill" was the recipient of that Number! In the fall of that same year he came out here and built him­ self a house and a barn and dug a well. During that time he lived with the Elmer Allenson's and Ed Erickson's as both were near neighbors. William Woessner and Myrtle Wohlers were married at Brainard, Minnesota on March 17, 1917. On April 7, 1917, the Woessner's arrived with two immigrant cars, three cows, five horses, chickens, machinery and household goods. They were not fortunate in having too bountiful crops for a few years, so pro­ gress was a little slow at first, although prices were good at that time due to the war. Five children were born to the Woessner's: Mrs. Larry (Irma) Anderson of Minot, North Dakota. Irma is a re­ gistered nurse at the Medical Arts Clinic where she has worked for many years. Mrs. Lorarine Butler, who lives in Denver Colorado, and has one son, Mark. Her husband, Charles Butler, Jr., a Parshall lad, passed away in 1961, as did a daughter, Constance, in 1963. Donald Woessner passed away in 1924 and another son, Donovan, in 1949. A little girl died at birth. The Woessner's sold their farm in 1956 to Orval Hovey, and at that time they bought a home in Parshall where they have continued to live.

JOE WALDOCKS' Mr. and Mrs. Joe Waldock were both born at Silver Lake, Minnesota, and were married there in 1912. They farmed in Minnesota for the first few years of their married lives, but the tales of this part of the country intrigued them to such a degree that Mr. Waldock decided to come out to this territory and look things over for himself, in 1916. He was so fa­ vorably impressed that he went back to Minnesota and at once began - 241 — preparations for moving. He sold his property there and shipped utilities, machinery, etc., by freight to this area in 1917. The family came by Model T with the bare necessities to get along with, enroute. Mr. and Mrs. Waldock and three sons, Leo, James and Bennie. The trip out here from Minnesota took four days on the road. As there were no highways at that time, they were guided by red trail marks on the telephone poles. They bought the Jimmy Jones relinquishment in Fertile Township, and with the arrival of their immigrant car about three weeks after shipment from Minnesota, they set up farming operations. Albin and Raymond were born after the family came to this area. The family continued to live at this site until 1941, when Mr. and Mrs. Waldock retired and moved in to Parshall where they live at the present time. All the sons are married with Leo living in Chehalis, Wash,, where he owns a Coast-to-Coast Store. James and Bennie are farming and ranching in Fertile Township, with Bennie now living on the home place. Raymond, also, does diversified farming in the Ryder area. Albin worked in the Civil Service at Enumclaw, Wash., but passed away in July of 1961. Bennie, Raymond and Albin all have very commendable records earned while in the service of their country. The Senior Waldocks have thirty grandchildren. They celebrated their Golden Wedding Aniversary in 1962. In reminiscing a bit they recall both good and bad times, like everyone else, with some incidents standing out in their memories more pronounced than others. They are most thankful tor the opportunity to have had a share in the development of this community. They know that the Fertile Township neighbors and friends that they had are among the best, and they are looking forward to seeing old acquaintances once more when Parshall celebrates in June of '64.

CLARENCE RUNQUISTS' In 1917, when the government opened school sections 16 and 36 in Fer­ tile Township for homesteading, Clarence Runquist was lucky to draw the SW quarter of Section 16. Olaf Edwardson, Raymond Brey and Heine Sell each drew one of the other quarters in the section. Clarence broke around 100 acres of this land and seeded it into flax before returning to Minnesota to sell his meat market at Cokato. In June 1917 he married Alice Mattson in Minneapolis, Minnesota. They then returned to Parshall and lived in the little homestead shack that still stands on the place today. In September of that same year, he was called into military service so they again left for Minnesota leaving the crop unharvested - a complete loss. Later, he received word that the camps were overcrowded and he was told to go back to his homeland and put in another crop which was done. The war was over and the family continued to live in this happy, friendly community ever since. Two children were born to the Runquist's. Janet and Eliot. Both fin­ ished grade school in Fertile Township and high school in Parshall.

— 242 — These were at times of the "dry thirties" but the children continued their education with probably a nickel a week for spending allowances. Janet is a graduate nurse and works at a hospital in Albuquerque, New Mexico. She married Lee Steffen of Parshall and they had four children. One son, Robert, passed away in the spring of 1963. Eliot attended the Wahpeton School of Science, served three years in World War II and one year in Korea. He now works at the Postoffice in Jamestown, North Dakota. He married Marjorie Shubert of Parshall and they have three children. The Runquists recall many difficult circumstances over the years. Some severe weather and blizzards. On Feb. 15, 1936, the thermometer registered 60 degrees below zero. That was a record! They recall the "dry thirties", the depression, and the struggle to survive. A clipping on the prices of farm products as of March 1933 listed wheat a 36c a bushel; barley 10c; rye 17c; oats 5c; flax 80c. Cream was priced at 10c. Butter at 10c per pound. Eggs were 7c per dogen. Beef and pork at 6c per pound and potatoes were listed at 40c a bushel. The Runquists have many memories of the kind friends and neigh­ bors. In 1954 a 'seeding bee' came to the farm and put in the entire crop for them as Mr. Runquist was not well. He passed away in 1955.

ARTHUR HEDBERGS' In the fall of 1911 Arthur Hedberg homesteaded 3% miles southwest of Parshall. He had a bicycle which he rode to visit his older brother 12V2 miles north of Carpio. Like cars, they sometimes broke down, and then it was not the bicycle that carried the man. In the spring of 1912 a younger brother, Axel, learning that the quarter next to Arthur's (tho' less desirable) was still unclaimed, decided to homestead it. That winter they lived together, walking to Plaza to get groceries which they put in a sack and carried on their backs. Time was plentiful in those days and homesteaders often got together for card parties, etc. The men baked their own bread in an oven on the stove pipe which held three loaves. In the spring of 1913 a disasterous prairie fire (rumored to have been started by a lady homesteader burning rubbish during spring cleaning) swept over a large area from southwest to northeast. Both their shacks escaped being burned even though the fire burned up to and under Axel's shack which stood on rocks. Arthur's escaped because it was banked with dirt. In the winter of 1913 they bought their first team of horses. Crossing the creek in the spring often presented problems. Their first crop son- sisted of 30 acres which they had broken. Arthur's first tractor was called a Titan. Later he farmed with an Altman Taylor until 1928. In 1914 Axel proved up his homestead claim and returned to Carpio to work for his older brother. A homesteader had 7 years in which to "prove up" and at any time he decided to "prove up" he paid from $4.50 to $7 an acre to obtain title to the land. When the second opening of land was held in 1916, Maria Bernhardt

— 243 — homesteaded 8 miles southwest of Parshall. On January 2, 1917 in Minnea­ polis, she married Arthur Hedberg whom she had known in Minneapolis where both had worked earlier. They resided on her homestead until 1920 when they moved her homestead shack to his hcmstead. In 1925 they built a new home there. Both Mr. and Mrs. Hedberg are now deceased.

THE ED T. SCHROEDERS' Edward T. Schroeder was born at Hankinson, North Dakota in 1889 and lived there until 1913 when he came to Plaza, North Dakota. After a few weeks he came to Parshall and happened to arrive on the day that the city lots were sold. That same summer he filed on a homestead (1913), two miles west of Raub. He worked for E. E. Doten, a machine dealer during the sum­ mers, while making proof of his homestead. In 1916 he sold this land to Mrs. A. P. Blonde. In June of 1916, he married Reba Hardacre of Lanark, Illinois, whom he met in Richland County in 1913. They lived on the homestead in Fertile Township which had been filed on by Mrs. Schroeder for ten years. In 1926 they bought the Walter Perry homestead and built their permanent home there where they continued to live for 30 years. Both Mr. and Mrs. Schroeder served on the Fertile Township School Board for many years, and Mrs, Schroeder was one of Fertile Township's earliest teachers. Two sons were born to the Schroeders. Donald E. was born on April 1, 1918. He is at present the Chevrolet Dealer in Parshall and he also farms land south of town. William W. was born August 19, 1929 and is at present living on the home place, which was vacated by his parents in 1957, when they retired and built themselves a nice home in Parshall, where they now reside. Mr. and Mrs. Schroeder are members of the Congregational Church in Parshall. They have seven grandchildren.

JOHN SCHRAMS' John Scvhram was born at St. Louis, Missouri on October 18, 1875. When but a small boy the family moved to Garner, Iowa, where he grew to manhood. Mr. Schram was married to Alice Melcher in 1900. Their two children, Lester and Valera were both born in Garner. In 1907 the John Schram family came on an immigrant train to a farm about 18 miles southeast of Minot, in the Sawyer vicinity. In 1910 they moved to a farm near Lisbon, North Dakota, where they lived until 1916 when they came to Parshall. Here they located on their homestead farm which is located 6J/2 miles south and 1 mile west of Parshall, in Fertile Township. In 1

— 244 — They celebrated their Golden Wedding Anniversary in 1950 and in 1960 Open House was held at the Schram home in honor of their 60th Wed­ ding Anniversary. Mr. Schram passed away in 1961 at the age of 85 years. Mrs. Schram now makes her home with her son, Lester, of Parshall and her daughter, Valera Nichols, of Crownpoint, New Mexico. Gordon Galliger, a nephew of Mrs. Schram, came to live with the Schrams at the age of 8 years. He also resides in Parshall with his family.

CHR1STOPH SPITZERS' Christoph Spitzer arrived from Kassel, Russia in 1884 with his parents, Mr.and Mrs. George Spitzer, at the age of 9 months and located at Eureka, South Dakota, where his parents homesteaded. As a young man he came to Cando, North Dakota to seek employment. Amelia Wagner Spitzer accompanied her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Fred Wagner, from Ukraine, Russia in 1890 at the age of 4 years. Her parents located at Mt. Ridge, Kansas, where they lived for three years then moved to Webster, South Dakota by covered wagon. After three years at Webster, they moved to Cando, North Dakota, where they home­ steaded. It was here where Christ met Amelia and they married. Mr. and Mrs. Christ Spitzer farmed in Towner County until 1916, then decided to sell their crop and go west to homestead. They bought a new Model T Ford and moved the family of six children in September, 1916. A freight car of stock and furniture was shipped. After arriving at Par- shall the new car was traded to Martin Miller of Raub for five milk cows. The family lived north of Parshall on the Bill Richmond farm while their home was being built. In May, 1917, they moved to the home­ stead in Fertile Township. Christ and Amelia felt very fortunate in find­ ing a natural flow of spring water on their land. They also found coal, where later Christ, together with his sons stripped and mined coal, which provided much of the fuel for Fertile Township and the surround­ ing communities, including Parshall. The sale of coal, milking cows and large gardens were the means of a living for the family. There on the homestead four more children were born. There were many trials and hardships, also happiness, as all the new settlers experienced. Mr. and Mrs. Spitzer left the farm in 1944 and moved to Parshall, where Christ was on the police force for 7 years. He continued to farm until he passed away in September 1954. Two weeks prior to his death he and his wife celebrated their Golden Wedding Anniversary. Mrs. Spitzer still resides in Parshall. She is now a great grandmother. The family consisted of 7 boys and 3 girls. Two boys, Melvin and Bernard, met with accidental deaths, while living on the homestead. Their son, Albert, met with death in a truck accident in April, 1961, at the Farmers Union Elevator where he was employed. His wife Norma and three daughters reside in Parshall. Mrs. Tom Johnson (Erna), Robert, Mrs. George Risan (Edna), Christ Jr., and LeRoy reside in Parshall. Mrs. V. J. Ness (Bernadine) and family live at Grand Island, Nebraska, and Billy and family at Rapid City, South Dakota. — 245 — ALFRED AND SELMA HILLEREN Alfred and Peter Hilleren came to North Dakota from Benson, Min­ nesota to take up homesteads in 1917. Alfred went back to Minnesota and married Selma Sather December 30, 1918. He brought his bride to the North Dakota prairies in March of 1919. In the fall Selma went home to Minnesota where Alfred later joined her for the birth of their first child, Myrtle, on November 21, 1919. The twins, Arline and Arnold, were born March 30, 1921. Mavis joined the family September 11, 1926. Peter Hilleren moved his family back to Minnesota in 1924. Alfred was active in town­ ship affairs, having been clerk of Fertile Township for many years, and was also a director on the school board for several years. Myrtle married Francis Clemensen of rural Parshall and to this union were born five children, Curtiss, Dorine, Janice, Joanne and Carol. Curtiss is at home and farms with his father. Dorine is married to Wayne Zahnow and his three daughters, Terri, Beverly and Karen. They live on a farm south of Raub, North Dakota. Janice is married to Lloyd Brown, has one son, James, and lives in Stanley, N. D. Joanne is mar­ ried to Alfred Brown, and has one daughter, Donna. They live on a farm west of Parshall. Carol is at home and is a student at Parshall Junior High. Arnold is married to Lois Hay of Raub, N. D., and they have seven daughters: Kristi, Barbara, Nancy, Cheryl, Lynda, Marcia, and Kari. They are all at home and the five older girls are all students at the Parshall School. Arline is married to James Kline of Parshall and they have one daughter, Sharon, who is married to Clayton Hoffman and has one daughter, Vonee Sue. They are living in Fargo where Clayton is a student of NDSU. Mavis is married to Kenneth Krueger and they have six children: 4 boys and 2 girls: Keith, Steven, LeAnn, Geneil, Loree, and Keven. They are all at home and the six older children all attend Parshall Schools. Alfred and Selma moved into Parshall in 1944 and are proud that all their children live on farms near Parshall with Arnold living on the home farm which in reality was Peter Hilleren's homestead. Alfred and Selma are proud and happy to have been a part of Parshall in its growing years. Congratulations on your 50th!

JOE WOLANSKIS* Joe Wolanski came to Makoti in the spring of 1916 with four mules all ready to work. He came to Parshall in June of that year and bought the relinquishment from Mr. A. Rust. He found plenty of work on threshing outfits for himself and mules in the Makoti area all that fall. On his land was erected the first shack which was built west of what later became Highway No. 8, south of Parshall. Mr. Rust didn't think so much of the country and one interesting incident of the time was the fact that he had his barn and shack anchored down on all four corners. The wind in those days seemed so much worse than now, for it had full sweep ahead as there still hadn't been any trees planted in the area. The Wolanskis' enjoy the attachment of that old homestead shack for a part of the lumber was built into their present home in Parshall. — 246 — Joe Wolanski and Angeline Clausen were married in 1920 and three children were born to this family. Lyle, the oldest son, grew to manhood and passed away in 1951. Walter lives in this area and farms the home place. He married Gwen­ dolyn Odemann in 1963. Rosemary, who married Robert Pratt, lives in Seattle, Wash. There are three grandchildren living in Seattle who dearly love to come back to Dakota to visit with their grandparents. The Wolanski's have wondered sometimes just what kept them in this country, for they have gone through rust, hail, dust, wind, grass­ hoppers, drought and one year they had frost every month in the year, in their 47 years in this country, but still it is "home". The roots of ap­ preciation have gone so deep that they just don't want to think of another place to hang their hats!

FRANK CLARKS' Mr. and Mrs. Frank Clark and their five children came to the Par- shall vicinity in the fall of 1915. They came by horse and wagon from a farm southwest of Berthold in Ward County, where all their belongings, buildings, hogs and chickens had been destroyed by fire which had swept over many acres of land in that area. Mr. Clark homesteaded 40 acres of land one mile south of Parshall. They erected a tent close to the road and lived therein, until they had time to build a one-room homestead shack about one-fourth mile west from the road. The children walked to Parshall to attend the school there. Mr. Clark was a well-driller and dug many wells in Fertile Township and surrounding territory. Later, Mr. Clark built a one-room house in Parshall where the fam­ ily lived. This house was later moved to the farm south of town in Fertile Township. In 1925, the family moved back to Parshall and Mr. and Mrs. Clark continued to live there for many years. Mr. Clark passed away in 1939 and Mrs. Clark in 1949. Three of those children are now living in Parshall: Arthur and Donald and Mrs. Otto (Dolly) Hoffman. Marvin lives in West Glacier, Montana, and Lester, who was born in Parshall in 1918, lives at Harvey, North Dakota. Ervin passed away at Cut Bank, Montana in 1962.

PAUL A. BROSTE — FROM CLAIM SHACK TO MUSEUM In the middle of the summer of 1916 I drove out to Parshall by hired horses and wagon with a load of lumber. My destination was only seven and a half miles southwest of my homestead claim, which was then virgin prairie, not even scratched with a garden hoe. I was born and raised a pioneer and as a child, I went through the hardships and privations of early pioneering with my parents. Consequently in 1916, I started anew from the ground floor again in what is now Fertile Township. My father started out with a yoke of oxen. The was only thirty-three

— 247 — years back. There was a rig of oxen working in a field near Parshall even in 1917 that I remembered seeing. I was, at any rate, one of the earliest tractor farmers. I was listed as such in the Saturday Evening Post, so I can justly claim that distinction. This shows that tractor farming was a little premature yet. All of my neighbors started out with horses or mules, but none with oxen, however. There were big tractors doing the breaking of the prairie, but the general working of the land with tractors was barely begun in it's stage of development. Thorval Shelver and Gust Iverson had homesteaded near me at that same time and it developed that we three bachelors proved up on our claims living together and this creates a fond memory. Thorval worked for me for many years. Right south of my claim was Ben Krieger who married after a few years. One mile west of me H. D. Horst homesteaded at that time and as his boys grew up they worked for me. Luther Horst, the oldest boy, worked for me for eighteen years. As my farming operations extended, my whole crew and myself got our meals at Horst's, with Mrs. Horst and the girls preparing them. Thus, this whole family worked for me and

— 248 — this added convenience gave me ample opportunity in regard to my farm­ ing. My neighbors made it very nice for me. Because I had tractor power I could rent and farm land of the home­ steaders who had no equipment. And, because, there were too few thresh­ ing rigs in the country, I bought myself a separator and did my own threshing. At one time I was farming nine quarter sections and had almost all of it in to crop. It was not like now, when you can only put in about half. I dropped one quarter of land and have been farming two sections since. Incidentally, I might have done my two-cents worth of help to my neighbors, as I occasionally did farm work for them, for a very reason­ able charge, sometimes for nothing. One fall when wheat was worth 25c a bushel and farmers were unable to meet this expense as the price for combining was $4.00 per acre. This, you can see, would mean a 16 bushel yield to break even with necessary seed for the next season of 25c wheat. I combined three of my neighbors crops for $1.00 per acre. A family man, north of me, had no equipment himself, and no means of harvesting his crop. He came to me, explaining his plight and wot wanting to sell his crop snowed under we went in and combined his crop at once, without talking about prices. It so happened that Luther and I finished just before a rain shower. That same year my big twenty-foot combine went over more than 1200 acres. The big Holt combine was a life-saver for us in those dry years. One time we swept over a field with the 20 foot cutting bar all afternoon and only got 60 bushels in the hopper. And, it is highly probable that many of the fields we went over would never have been harvested. I am sure they never could have been harvested with a binder. In the summer time things were humming with activity in great shape here. But, in the winter I was a lone bachelor plying away at my arts, and crafts. This, I had to do by myself as noone could help me with it. Some winters I spent at the Chicago Art Institute studying the fine arts. Three seasons I did not even return for spring's work, leaving it to Thorval Shelver to take care of. Eventually, I started lapidary work and have developed that so now I have a museum of arts and crafts, of oil paintings and lapidary work on display which is generally referred to as "Broste's Rock Collection." When writing this, I am seventy-five years old, retired completely from farming, but own the land and making my home on the old home­ stead. I have no time to twiddle my thumbs for I am working at my arts and crafts and doing some writing, having written three books. My nephew, Ronald Broste is operating the farm, and making his home with his family on the Ben Kreiger homestead. Thinking back over the years of long hours and hard work; hardships as well as crop failures and disappointments, of which I have not spoken here, I take satisfaction in closing with the words, "All is well that ends well."

The most natural beauty in the world is honesty and moral truth. For all beauty is truth. — 249 — BANNER TOWNSHIP ELMER ALLENSONS' On July 17, 1912, Elmer, Elmo and I started homesteading 5 miles south of what is now Parshall. Our closest town at that time was Plaza which was 18 miles away. Our first home consisted of a room 14x16 which we built ourselves. That first fall Elmer worked 18 miles northwest of Plaza, threshing grain. The average wage at that time was $5.00 per day for man and team. The team he had purchased from George Smith. RElmo, who was but one year old remained with me there on the homestead. One particular time we had been alone for ten days when an Indian came and asked for some horses. The next visitors were a Mr. and Mrs. Linder from Plaza. Mr. Linder was connected with the bank in Plaza and he had some land interests down on the reservation that they had been looking over. On seeing our shack all alone on the desolate prairie, they decided to stop. They thought it quite remote that I should be so alone there with my one baby for there wasn't a neighbor to be seen and the prairie needles waved in that two-foot high grass. A day or two later he went out to find Elmer and offered to assist him financially to give him the opportunity to stay nearer to his family for he thought too many things could happen to us all alone out there on that lonesome prairie. In those days the roads were mere trails and we used a trail to Plaza occasionally to buy supplies. Our mode of travel then was the old lumber wagon and for one year I never got to Plaza! By the end of the first year more homesteaders began to come and buildings were springing up all over the prairie. The breaking was being done all around and by 1914 we built an addition on to our little shack. In 1915, our girl, now Mrs. Marion Simonson, was born. She now lives in California. Banner School No. 3 was built on our section of land. A big prairie fire went through the area in 1913 and made every­ thing real black for a time. We continued to live on the farm until 1948 when Elmer passed away at the age of 61 years. Elmo died in December of 1960. by Mrs. Allenson

MR. AND MRS. JACOB A. FINKE J. A. "Jack" Finke was born at Hills, Minnesota and when very young the family moved to a farm near Flandreau, South Dakota. He attended school there and at Sioux City, Iowa.

— 250 — He married Stella Bebo at Elkton, South Dakota in 1907, and lived on a farm north of Flandreau where their two oldest children were born. In 1912, encouraged by a brother, wht had homesteader near Berth- old, Jack came to North Dakota, and took part in a land rush from Plaza. He was fortunate to get a claim in Banner Township, so he shipped his belongings in an immigrant car to Plaza, then, trans­ ported them by team and wagon the rest of the way. Somewhere along the line his dog, "Nellie", got cut of the car and was forgotten. She followed the train and was discovered at the next stop. Her feet were very sore but she was determined not to be left behind! Mother and the children came to North Dakota in 1913 after a house was built. Some of the nearest neighbors were Frank and Emil Soder­ berg, Lars Urdahl, Foster Moyer, August Ziebarth and John A Johnson, No. 2. In 1914, Dad went to an auctioneering school in Kansas City, Mo. He was kept busy for many years, traveling by buggy, in summer and fall, and by sled in the winter. In later years he went by car. We will never forget the big box of tin cups that he carried along. They had to be washed, dried and packed away for the next time. Charcoal bricks were heated red-hot and put into a gadget called a footwarmer. With this, warm clothing and fur robes he managed to keep from freezing in bad weather. Many times he was caught in blizzards and had to depend on his team, Beauty and Daisy, to find the way home. One time he had a sale in the Raub-Roseglen area and was caught by a storm. He had to stay there until the storm let up, and as everything had been sold, he and the clerk of the sale, and the owners had to eat left-over sandwiches and sleep on the floor. They tied a rope to the well so they wouldn't get lost when they went out. They were always much relieve when he got back safely, after one of those storms. He said he wished he had kept a bill from each sale he cried. It would have made quite a book. Dad also warked for a time at the Peoples State Bank in Parshall. When LeRoy started school his teacher was Miss Rosalia Wilkowski, who homesteaded over near Henry Frank's place. The school was a mile and a half away from home, across from Elton's. Lillian's first teacher was Mrs. Cosgrove. Some other teachers were Miss Clara Blonde, who was also a homesteaded in Banner, and Miss Mary Callaghan whose parents lived south and west of our place. She is now Mrs. Bill Hoffman and lives in Michigan. Some of the other pupils were: John, Edwin and Philip Johnson, Walter Nelson and Reuben Madson. After we moved to town, Mrs. Francis Wharton was a teacher some of us had, and she was one that I never will forget. Dad bought the Pete Melnick and Tom Skarbo farms, also in Banner Township, and the Charles Gallup quarter in Model Township. Later on he bought a quarter once owned by Charles Busk, also in Model. There were a lot of hardships in those early years on the farm, but I know our folks were happy there and Dad was never very impressed with any other part of the country. — 251 — There were some very good crops, an outstanding one in 1915, as well as some failures. Dad always said the homestead always returned something if only the seed. One time the crop was put in for feed, and was sold to a man from Sanish, who came with a baling machine operated by a horse driven in a circle. In 1928 there was a big crop which Mother Nature harvested in the form of a terrific hailstorm! The threshing season was always a busy, busy time for everyone. Many strawpiles were burned as people couldn't use all the straw. The grain was hauled into Parshall Elevators in those days by team and wagon. We lived on the farm until 1920 when we moved into Parshall, living there in the winter and on the farm in the summer. Evalyn, Grace and Gladys were born on the farm. Mary Ann, the twins Edith and Ethel. Florence and Joan (who passed away when eleven months old) were born in Parshall. Dad played baseball for many years with the Parshall team. We dearly loved the ballgames, especially when Dad hit a home run or a three base hit, because the local confectionary always gave an ice cream treat to the hitter. When a house burned next door to ours, we kids thought we should be sure to save Dad's baseball things in case our house caught fire, too. Dad helped organize the Parshall Telephone Company and served on the Board of Directors for many years. He served on the Farmers' Elevator Board and started a boxing club for boys. Several of them got to go to the State Golden Gloves Competition. After Lillian graduated from school she went to work as switchboard operator in Parshall and was there for 18 years. LeRoy married Mae Matiskainen of Van Hook and lived in Helena, Montana for several years. They had no children and LeRoy passed away in 1957. Lillian (Mrs. Joe Blegan) of Plaza, North Dakota, has a son, Joey. A son, Jimmie, died in 1980. Gladys married Otto Lauf of Golden Valley, North Dakota. They have a son, Mike, and a daughter, Jane. They live in Couer d'Alene, Idaho. Grace married James Watson of Minot, North Dakota. He recently retired as Lt. Col. from the Air Force. They have a son, James and a daughter, Dorothea. They live in Columbia, South Carolina. Mary Ann is Mrs. Wallace Nelson and lives on a farm near Par- shall. They have two sons, Tim and Don, and one girl, Karolyn. A son, Jerry, died soon after birth. Ethel is Mrs. Peter Sertich of Post Falls, Idaho. They have three sons, Peter, Steven and Phillip, and three daughters, Reggie, Estelle and Yvonne. Edith, Mrs. Earl Cherrey of Fairview, Montana, has five boys: John, Pat, Mike, Kevin and Kelly, and two daughters, Kathy and Elaine. Florence is Mrs. Jack Dietz of Greenville, South Carolina. They have a daughter, Alice. — 252 — Evalyn married Ivol Bartelson of Parshall. They have twin girls, Judy and Joan. Mother passed away in February of 1943 and Dad in May or 1957.

MR. AND MRS. ED A. ERICKSON In the spring of 1915, Ed A. Erickson came to Parshall from HBBJM Lidgerwood, N. D., to look for land, and he bought the John Harstad P homestead five miles south of Par- shall. In the spring of 1916 he shipped in a carload of horses and machin­ ery. Ed and his brother, Erick, and brother-in-law, Ole Ronning, came with the emigrant car, and the fam­ ily came a little later by train. They went right to work and built the spacious barn right away that spring, which became very well known in years to come for its wonderful barn dances which were held there for many years. "Erickson's Barn" became known over a wide territory. Ed and his family went back to Lidgerwood to take care of the har­ vest there and in the fall they had an auction sale prior to moving out to Parshall, where they continued to farm until 1942. Ed Erickson and his two sons were growers of State Certified Seed Potatoes from 1929 until 1942, shipping seed to the south: Louisiana, Ala­ bama, Florida and Texas. In 1938 they shipped 6 carloads of seed potatoes to Cuba, and in 1939 they shipped 4 carloads. The years 1938, and 1939 were good crop years. 18,000 to 19,000 bushel crops. In the spring of 1943, Mr. and Mrs. Erickson left Parshall and now live at Spokane, Washington. The Ericksons are the parents of four children: Leonard who is married and lives on the home place. Nettie (Mrs. Lyle Holtan) who lives on a ranch south of Raub. Gladys who is married and lives at Snohomish, Washington. Art is married and lives in Spokane, Washington. The Senior Ericksons have eleven grandchildren and twelve great­ grandchildren.

MRS. HILDA EISTEN LUCHSINGER On the 28th of September, 1912, my mother and I arrived via Soo Line at Plaza. My father and brothers were already out here. They were nowhere in sight, but they had instructed us by letter that we were to look up someone called Hamburgher Joe, so many blocks from the depot. We located him and found out how to get to our homestead. I had ac­ companied my mother out here because she didn't want to be the only woman out here. — 253 — My brother, Emil, arranged for a job for me with the Paukert fam­ ily. Mr. Paukert was running the Plaza Grain Elevator, while the wife and children were holding down the homestead. So I worked for them doing everything from bottle washing to chores for $3.50 per week. It meant pumping water for 6 or 8 bronchos who were wild enough to kick at their own shadows. We had three big blizzards that winter of 1912 and '13. The snow was what we called "belly deep" on horses. Sometimes we hitched rides to town with our neighbors once a month. We get mail once a week. Some of our neighbors were the Rev. Ingebretsons and family, Jonathan Steffens, Charles Schaeffers, Ole Aases, Ytreides, Larsons, Millers, Knutsons, J. Johnson No. 1, Paukerts, Hursts, Groves, Calli- gans, and some bachelors John and Henry Luchsinger. Several of the neighbors would gather at Mrs. Charles Schaeffer's to hear her play her piano and Henry play his fiddle. I had saved my money to return to Minnesota in the spring, but Mr. Luchsinger wanter a housekeeper instead, so we were married on April 24, 1913 at Minot. We lived in a 18x10 homestead shack. Our first son, Orrin, was born in 1914, and our first daughter in 1915. In 1915 this country had the largest crop it ever had seen so far. The farmers used horses or tractors to pull the wagons loaded with grain to market. Three sons and three daughters came to bless our home: Orrin, Cherles and Dewey (deceased), and Beatrice, Esther and Ruth. We also have twelve grandchildren. Henry Luchsinger passed away in 1940. I moved to Parshall in 1944 where I now make my home.

MR. AND MRS. EDDIE JORGENSON Eddie Jorgenson arrived from Fergus Falls, Minnesota in 1912 and filed on a homestead in Banner Township. Mabel Swenson and Eddie Jorgenson were married October 9th, -1915 at the home of Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Allenson on the Allenson's sixth wed­ ding anniversary. Mrs. Jorgenson taught school on the Jake Eltz farm and this farm was later sold to Edwin Kaste, of Henning, Minnesota. Eddie Jorgenson and Tom Olson dug the basement for the Farmers Exchange Bank and John Iverson's store in 1913, in Parshall. In 1928, the Jorgensons moved to Robinhood, Sask., Canada where they continued farming.

MR. AND MRS. CARL HOFFMAN Mr. and Mrs. Carl Hoffman and their youngest son, Otto, came to Parshail from Lidgerwood, N. Dak., in the spring of 1913. Mr. Hoffman homesteaded on a quarter of land in Banner Township. Parshall had not been established at that time and the nearest town for them was at Plaza. Their oldest son, William, also had a quarter of land in this same township. In the fall of that same year the rest of the family, who were

— 254 — still living in Lidgerwood came out to this area. That included Edward, Hermann, Louise and Minnie. Of this group, Edward and Otto are now living in Parshall at the present time. William lives in Allegan, Michi­ gan and the balance of the family are now deceased.

OLAF J. OLSONS' Olaf J. Olson came to Parshall when it was a few years old. He was born in Northwern, Norway and came to the United States when he was 18 years of age. Because of the difficulty encountered with his name, Olaf J. Gulbranson, he had it changed to Olaf J. Olson. The reason for thus changing his name was because he was the son of Ole Gulbranson. After coming to Parshall he encountered the same trouble with Olson here, as he had with Gulbranson in Minnesota. South of Parshall is where Mr. Olson started his farming career. Here, was where he brought his bride, Miss Harriett White from Des Moines, Iowa. The little claim shack was 3% miles south of Parshall. The bride got a grand initiation for she had never cooked for more than a few and here she had to put on meals for a hungry threshing crew! The kitchen on wheels - a cookcar it was called in those days, followed the crew of men from farm to farm. This same cook-car was blown over in the big storm of 1928. It was rebuilt using what lumber- was usable. The outer shell still remains, but in 1940 the interior was completely remodeled by Mr. Olson. In 1947, it was put on a foundation and became the kitchen of the first home of Olaf and Harriett's daughter, Jorgena and her husband, Mr. and Mrs. Donald Olson. Olaf Olson became one of the larger farmers in the Parshall com­ munity. At one time he had around 3000 acres of land under cultivation. Mr. and Mrs. Olson moved into Parshall in 1930 when their daughter started school. He continued his farming operations from there, and the "cook-car" which was parked on the Fort Berthold Reservation 10 miles south and 2 miles west, until 1947. Mr. Olson's health began to fail in 1943, but he continued to farm until 1947, when his son-in-law, Donald Olson, took over, after returning from service with Uncle Sam in World War II. Mr. Olson passed away on April 10, 1951 and Mrs. Olson on October 13, 1957. They are survived by one daughter, Jorgena and two grandchildren, Jchan (Skip) and Donna Rae Olson.

MR. AND MRS. ALBERT A. LARSON Mr. Albert A. Larson and a close friend, Pete Anderson, were like ethers in that era, very interested in homesteading privileges in and around Parshall, North Dakota, so they boarded the train to Plaza to see these challenging offers for themselves. After leaving the train, they still had a 16 mile trip ahead of them, by car, before getting into the part of the country they wished to see. Consequently, on the return trip through Minot they stopped where each filed on 160 acres of land. They were fortunate to locate just across the road from one another in the present vicinity of the Henry Kunde farm. — 255 — Best Wishes On "Our" Anniversary

We're pretty proud to he able to say a our" anniversary. Checking the records Otter Tail folks find that we've been serving the Parshall community for 36 of the past 50 years!

SO FROM CARL BARTZ, AND THE REST OF THE GANG AT OTTER TAIL, OUR CONGRAT­ ULATIONS AND ASSURANCES OF CONTINUED DEPENDABLE ELECTRIC SERVICE IN THE YEARS AHEAD!

POWER COMPANY

256 — This was in October of 1912, although they didn't return until April of 1913. This land was valued at $8.00 per acre and they paid $2.00 per acre down, until after proving up. On April 10, 1913, Mr. Larson packed all his belongings in his wagon and started for his new home, the entire trip taking 2V2 days. His first responsibility was to build a new house and some sort of a shelter for his faithful team. He hauled two loads of lumber from Plaza, 16 miles away, and built a 14x16 shack with a shed on the side for his team. As it was then too late to break up the land and plant a crop, he hired out to haul rocks for Mr. Tracey, who was also hauling lumber for the new homesteaders who were coming in. One of these loads of lumber was the first of it's kind to be hauled into Parshall, to be used for the first store building, owned and operated by Mr. Baker and Mr. Gallup, recent arrivals from Minneapolis. This, in addition to being the first store, was also the temporary mail-sorting corner for mail brought from Plaza. On December 29, 1913, Mr. Larson went back to Bismarck and mar­ ried Maria Carlson, at the home of Rev. Hughes, the Presbyterian min­ ister there at that time. With the coming of the first fall and winter at Parshall, time was spent hauling both freight and mail, by team and wagon from Plaza to Parshall, a complete trip of about 35 miles. There wasn't a railroad into Parshall at that time. In the spring of 1914, Mr. Larson hired a steam outfit to break up 80 acres of land, seeding it to flax. This produced a crop of 9 bushels to the acre with the price being $1.10 per bushel. The spare time was spent fencing 70 acres of pasture for our two cows and six horses with the wire being purchased from Plaza and the posts from Indians, living in the vicinity. Water was hauled in barrels from "Wild Horse Spring", about two miles away. Upon tiring of this arrangements, the Larsons had a well dug of their own, and found water at 140 feet, but it was of such poor quality that it was unfit to drink. On October 3, 1914, the Larson's first son was born. The faithful friend, Pete Anderson was sent to get Dr. McFall at midnight, who was a retired doctor, living just two miles away on his homestead. Harold, the new son, was very small, but was strong and healthy. About this time the family felt a pang of homesickness, so decided to go home for Thanksgiving. Mrs. Larson and baby stayed for a longer visit and they were the first woman and child to arrive in Parshall by train, upon their return. The neighbors were people of all occupations and walks of life. Two of them were school teachers: Miss Blonde and Miss Wilkowski, who arrived from Minnesota to take up homesteads and teach school part of the time. They accompanied the Larson's on a picnic to Shell Village about 12 miles away to a Fourth of July celebration in this new country. By this time a 10x10 addition had been built on the house, and a barn had been built as these farmers now had four cows. The homestead was sold in 1916, to a Mr. Ole Ronning, for $20.00 per acre.

— 257 — Upon moving away, the family settled in the Baldwin and Wilton vi­ cinity for a time, and finally moved to Bismarck where the married son and Mr. Larson still reside. Mrs. Larson passed away several years ago.

A TRIP OVER THE RESERVATION, EARLY HISTORY OF BANNER TOWNSHIP AND REMINISCENCES OF HOWARD STEFFEN In August, 1911, when the Government announced the opening of the Reservation for homesteads, five of us young fellows from Des Lacs decided to make a trip down into this area to see if it was worthwhile to try to obtain a homestead. We started out southwest of Des Lacs in a triple box wagon with a frisky team, owned by Ross Leyder, who at the present time lives in the East. We took supplies, (blankets, clothing and food) to run us for one week. We arrived in Plaza the latter part of the afternoon and took a look into all of the business places. I recall one, 0. C. Dosseth, who was erecting a new bank building and invited us all to do business with him if we were lucky enough to get a homestead. Going southwest from there we got into a coulee and decided to put up for the night. We weren't fortunate to find water for the horses, so tied them to the wagon and all five of us got into the box and covered it with blankets. But it soon get too hot and we had to discard those blankets! Next morning, we started out to the south again and soon came upon a path which we followed to the northwest and came to another coulee, now Walter Nelson's quarter of land in Banner Township. Here we found water for the horses and once again started south, coming to an old Indian trail which led us towards Elbowoods. After following it for some time, we decided to turn due north and came to the area where the south cemetery of Parshall now is located. There were about a thousand horses in the flats in this area and here we again watered our horses then started back to Plaza and home. Later, we all went to Minot to register and my father and uncle got numbers. In the spring of 1912, all who had numbers were called into Minot to select their land from the map. They were then taken out to the area to see their land and if they were satisfied they filed on it. My uncle had selected, but did not file, on the quarter which Carl Hoffman later got. On this trip, my father met a man from Antler, North Dakota, who selected a quarter joining east of him. The man was Olaf Nordquist. On this trip they agreed that the one who was there first, and had buildings, was to stable the other's horses until they also had shelter. My father happned to be first. In the early part of August we rigged up two hayracks with a mower, hay rake, food and a little building to cook and sleep in. Paul Johan- ningsmeier who had a ciaim over near Makoti, Harry Shaffer and I started out for the reservation to put up hay. A day or two later, my Dad and my uncle came with more food for us. We started haying on Paul's land for he had a good slough and made lots of hay. Later we made hay on Dad's quarter, too. My uncle was a carpenter and was interested in building Dad's house.

— 258 — He and Dad started working on the foundation while we were still haying. I took my old shot gun along for an emergency, and an emergency it was! We needed more meat, and the ducks in the slough adjoining us to the north saved the day for us. Harry Shaffer was the one selected to get the ducks. He didn't want to get his feet wet, so he took a horse and rode into the slough to get the ducks that fell into the water. To get all of them, the horse had to swim, so Harry got a lot more than just his feet wet! Orville Nordquist, son of Olaf, has been farming that same slough many years since. My uncle and aunt came out from Pennsylvania in 1911 and went back in the fall. They returned in 1912, bringing Harry Shaffer with them. He remained here until the fall of 1913. In the spring of 1917 he came back bringing his young bride, Blanche, with him. Dad's house was finished in November, 1912 and we moved in. One evening, Abner Bradley stopped by to ask for lodging for himself and horses, as he was on his way to his claim with two loads of supplies. I knew we had room and was helping him to get his horses taken care of when another fellow came along driving a well-matched roan team and asked for the same privileges as Bradley. He objected to being told we couldrr't accommodate him. He explained his name was Nordquist and the arrangements previously made between he and Dad. So that night we had stock crowded into our little barn so tightly that they couldn't begin to think of lying down! During the summer of 1912 many homesteaders were moving in and hauling lumber for themselves and others. Among those were Carl Knutson and Elmer Allenson of our township. I was hauling for Dad's house. When October 1st came, the land was opened up for everyone and at that time I got my claim. Most everyone put up a small shack until they had time to erect decent living quarters. I started with 7x10 scrap lumber that my uncle would not use in Dad's house. That winter, Harry Shaffer and I made a trip over to Lonetree almost every week hauling feed, seed, some furniture and all our machinery for two out­ fits. We got stuck many times and slept in hay-stacks, on binder plat­ forms and on the ground, but were fortunate never to catch cold. J. A. Andes shipped in a car of furniture and a team of horses and Harry and I helped him haul it to his farm from Plaza. I soon learned that what J. A. told you, you could rely on for he had no time for false­ hoods. He always did very good farming and his boys were taught to do the same. The first organization of Banner Township was held in the Andes heme. The first election was held in John A. Johnson's house (Uncle Sam). Later on his garage was used for elections. The usual hardships were endured by all of us with these inadequate setups, but we lived through it. At one time elections were held on Hugh Miller's porch and in their house in inclement weather. Finally, we got into the schoolhouse for such occasions. Hugh Miller, Frank Leyder, Dad and I were hauling lumber one time and had stopped to re-arrange someone's load which was slipping. All of a sudden Hugh jumped, grabbed his neck and told us in no un- — 259 — ^midqeman

Grade "A" Dairy Products

Nordica Cottage Cheese

"flp&' "*A m^

^dqema„ Our dairy products r are checked in our own laboratory daily — for your protection! m

— 260 — certain terms that a bee had stung him. It all turned out to be a spark from Dad's pipe, but it sure created some excitement for a few minutes. The first political meeting on the reservation, or Banner Township, was held in Lester Stead's barn. This was, I think, in 1914, and Senator Gronna and Congressman Sinclair were the speakers. The place is now owned by Hassell Peterson. On July 4, 1913, a township gathering was held at the Gene Hagen farm to select a name for our township. This meeting was well represented and seemed more like a picnic. The name "Banner" was decided on. David Larin was one of the speakers at this meeting and his intention was mainly to organize another county. It was supposed to take in the reservation south up to the river, north to Plaza and east to Makoti and Garrison. Our first teachers were Clara Blonde (Bierman), Bessie Brier (Skoggs), Marie Callaghan (Hoffman), Mrs. John A. Johnson and Marie Albertson (Mrs. Carl Knutson). They all taught in homestead shacks. The first married couples were greeted with "charivari's". Carl Knutson would usually start out with his wagon and the further it went, the larger the crowd would get. Our first stop was at Walter Madsen's and to get them out, someone get on the roof and dropped fire crackers down the chimney to blow the lids off the cook stove. Charley Scroggs was next, with the third stop being at Foster Moyers, who was finally routed out with water. Did we have fun!!! In the spring of 1913, I got a bike and one day I started out west as far as Sarah Fena Callabrez's place; then turned toward the northeast and went to the place where Parshall is now. John Iverson had moved a little building on the east side of Parshall to use as a store. This build­ ing later became our telephone office, and at present, is a vacant build­ ing located next to the alley back of Parshall Propane. I bought cheese and crackers from Mr. Iverson that Sunday. A year later the Soo Line came through and my wife, Erma Steffen, was the first person to cross the railroad tracks in Parshall. She had to wait until the train crew had laid the rails and the train pulled up at the crossing. Mrs. John A. Johnson put on a play called "The Order of Unclaimed Treasurers". This was held in J. A. Andes barn and Krogen's Opera House in Parshall. There were many gatherings held in Banner Town­ ship which spread as far east as Levi Perry's, near Plaza, and as far west as John Schram's in Fertile Township. These were in the nature of whist parties and holiday dinners prepared by the ladies of the group. We came to Banner Township from many different localities, different states, and were of mixed nationalities, but we were one great family, as God intended us to be. I am sure that those of us who are still living are all still very good friends. One evening I walked out to Eddie Jorgenson's place. Mrs. Jorgen­ son (Mabel) was out in the garden hoeing. She was working so fast and the dirt was flying in a cloud. I never forgot that picture. The family left for Canada over 30 years ago and we had the chance to visit them there not long ago and had such a wonderful visit. Elmer Allenson was one of the first settlers. He was very pro- — 261 — gressively minded, farmed on a large scale and did threshing for many years. He was an avid politician. I never knew of him refusing to help anyone. E. E. Robideaux, as a young traveling salesman, settled on a quarter of land to the south of Banner Township, and farmed it for a few years. He also farmed the land of Dr. McFall, his father-in-law. He was in the elevator business in Parshall most of the time. Dr. McFall, who drove a black horse and buggy the first years he was in the area, was a good neighbor. An Englishman by the name of Alex Fraser homesteaded south of J. A. Andes. He shipped most of his rough lumber for his building up from Minnesota. In 1915, Mr. Fraser, becoming worried over the lack of rain, sold his farm for $4000 to one of the Otterness boys. John Onstad got a good piece of land and was interested in building a nice home on it. His place was always so orderly and neat. John has always been that way. Cornelius Onstad, who was John's brother, was a bachelor and homesteaded on NE of Section No. 1 in Banner Township. Joe Myhra homesteaded west of Cornelius on Section 1, also. The St. Peters', Joe and Henry, came from Hartland, North Dakota to the reservation. Henry (Pete) married soon after he came here and later moved back to the cities. Both these men were interested in horses, and would buy and sell whenever they could find an interested party. Later, Joe also moved to Minnesota and continued on in the horse marketing business. In the spring of 1913 a fire from the southwest burned a missive wide area of the prairie. All of Tom Carroll's, Clara (Blonde) Bierman's, about a third of Joe Stengl's, and some of my land was burned. After that fire we could see the true extend of the amount of rocks we had to move before we could expect to do a decent job of farming. Fuel was our main problem in the early days. Many of the home­ steaders had gone down to Shank's mine to get coal, but that mine was later closed to us. Soon, someone discovered that there was coal in the coulee just south of town and Banner Township got coal from that mine from then on, John A. Johnson who had homesteaded east of Albert Elton, was digging next to me at one time, and we uncovered chunks of coal about 18 inches long that looked like chips of petrified wood. Another time we rolled out a stump like the stump of a tree. Many tons of coal were taken from that mine. Thomas Elton had homesteaded southwest of Van Hook, but he was a frequent visitor in Banner Township in those times, for his brother lived there. Finally, we saw the reason for it all, for he persuaded Mamie Madson to change her name to Mamie Elton. He bought land adjoining that of his brother's and later purchased four more quarters. He con­ tinued to live in Banner Township until he retired from farming and moved to Parshall. In the early days, people living to the southwest of Tom's place, crossed his land as a short-cut to Parshall and would come out in the coulee right near the coal mine. Jacob Finke (Jack) was another homesteader of Banner. He was an auctioneer and held many sales in this area. He was also the first

— 262 — assessor after the township was organized and our first school trea­ surer. After he quit, I held the job until 1935, when we moved to Parshall. In the early days, Rev. Van Horn organized Sunday School and held services in the empty houses in southern Banner Township. Later on, a young minister from Makoti held Methodist services regularly in the Wm. Ratke, the Emil Engebretson, or the Hallie Brower houses. Sunday School was always held in conjunction with these services until cars came into prevalent use. Henry Frank had the first dairy in Banner Township and delivered milk in Parshall. I owned the first Brown Swiss cattle in the township and my place was later known as the "Brown Swiss Dairy of Parshall". John R. Kane, another homesteader, who had been a Minot Police­ man, got some land broken up and seeded to crop. After harvest he started out with a walking plow and two horses to do some back setting. He got one furrow down through the field about 80 rods, quit, and de­ cided then and there to rent his land. Hugh miller built himself a lovely home and owned considerable land, but his health began to fail so he moved to California. His beautiful home was later sold to Ralph Lee, now owned by Mrs. Florence Lee, and still located in Banner Township. Charley Scroggs worked so hard on one quarter of land and built a house on it. He passed away early in life and the house is now in Par- shall and is owned by Leo Vossler. Henry Kunde bought a relinquishment from Peter Anderson. He served in World War I; came home and bought Bill Kenady's quarter of land. Henry bought a Rumley threshing outfit and threshed for many of the farmers in the vicinity. He was unfortunate in that he lost an arm in this work, but that didn't dampen his ambition for work as he is still farming in Banner.

JENS OTTERNESS FAMILY In the fall of 1912, when the Fort Ber­ thold Reservation was opened to homestead­ ers, Jens Otterness and sons, Robert and Oscar, from Dennison, Minnesota filed on homesteads in Mountrail Township. Early the following spring, Mr. and Mrs. Otterness and family of five sons and three daugters moved to their new home on the prairie; the oldest son, Henry, having re­ mained in Minnesota. The oldest daughter, Nettie with her husband, Neds Flom and family also homesteaded nearby. This was indeed a new country, there being no roads—only Indian trails—no tele­ phone lines, no mail routes, no schools nor churches. A few people came in the fall of 1912, many came in the spring of 1913 and soon every quarter of land was occupied by a homesteader. — 263 — People came from many states and every walk of life. Thousands of acres of virgin prairie was broken up the first spring and seeded to flax. Large tractors pulling 10 to 12 bottoms were a common sight. As time went on, roads were graded, telephone lines built, mail routes established. Coal was used for heating the homes and the first mine opened was the Paul Warren mine one mile south of Parshall from which the coal was mined and hauled in the early days, all hauling being done with horses. In the early days of homesteading, Mrs. Otterness kept a light burning in the upstairs window to which many a lost homesteader came and from there got his bearings. Their home was also the scene of many homesteader's gatherings and it was not unusual to have overnight guests. Everyone enjoyed the life on the prairie, neighbors were friendly and helpful to each other and there was much visiting back and forth. The first school attended by the younger members of the family was held in the Paul Preus homestead shack with Mr. Preus as the teacher. Mr. Preus' homestead was across the road from the (present) Lucky Mound Church. The next school was held in the homestead shack of Mr. and Mrs. Radtke. At a later time, a consolidated school was built in approximately the center of Mountrail Township. This building stands although not in use at the present. In the early days of homesteading church services were held in the rather large granery of the Otterness farm. A country church—known as Lucky Mound— was built one and a half miles south from the Otterness homestead. The land was donated by Mr. and Mrs. Julius Peterson. This church was built about 1916, the labor being donated by the homesteaders. Rev. Melland was the first pastor. Services are still held in this well kept church, which is an inspiration to all passers-by. Robert married a local girl, Gyda Noss. He and Mrs. Otterness live in Minneapolis. Clifford Otterness, youngest member of the family, also reside there. Ed Otterness makes his home at Tower City where he is employed as a salesman. Lillian Otterness, who resides in California with her nephew Morris Flom, passed away in 1959. Effie and her husband, Mr, and Mrs. Henry Anderson, live in Kenyon, Minnesota. Their daughter Eloyce, Mr. and Mrs. Jerome Berg and Elrene are farmers near Kenyon. Stuart and his wife, the former Geneva Scott, spent many years in Michigan. They moved with their two sons to Denver, Colorado in 1946, where Stuart passed away in 1960. Myrtle and her husband, the late Carl Noss, farmed in Mountrail Township for many years. Their son, Claude, passed away in 1948 and Mr. Noss died a few years later. Their daughter, Gloria, Mr. and Mrs. John Huber and family, live on the home farm. Mrs. Noss makes her — 264 — home in Minot with her daughter, Joyce, Mr. and Mrs. Ed Larson and family. Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Otterness moved to their farm in Banner Township in late 1925 where they farmed for three years. Their son, Durward, was born there in 1927. In 1929, Oscar sold the farm and moved his family to Tower City where he continues to farm. His son and family live on the adjoining farm and together they operate a dairy and grain farm. An only daughter, Delores, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Quigley and family, live in California. Mr. and Mrs. Jens Otterness retired from the farm to Minot where they observed their 60th wedding anniversary in March 1947. Although they passed away later the same year their family are still frequent visitors in the Minot and Parshall areas recalling fond memories and renewing acquaintances of the homestead days.

SHELL TOWNSHIP The first recorded meeting of Shell Township was on November 24, 1908. This was a special meeting called to elect township officials. The meeting was held in the "School House", later described as Shell School- house. At this' time, Mountrail County was included in Ward County and the following year, 1909, it was divided into the present Mountrail County. There was considerable dispute as to where the County Seat should be located, and the city of Epworth was considered, as the rail­ road was then proposed to go northwest from Plaza to Epworth. Some of the names appearing on the township records included R. Clouson, E. Burdick, Peter Westgaard, Ben Henry, W. L. Sellers, Olaf Myhre, Ole Amundson, Paul Debertin, Wm. Patten, H. Dye, Matt Myhre, A. C. Swenson, Jack Ramsey and Hans Sjol. One of the big problems seemed to be gophers as many entries are made as to the purchase and distribution of poison. Some made money by pulling mustard. Road work is a main item of consideration with the township divided into two road districts. Interesting to note is the personal property tax list for the year 1908. The total of taxes assessed runs from a low of five cents to a high of four dollars and forty-one cents. The real property tax on a quarter of land varied, but it did average around two dollars with the tvssessed valuation being around five hundred dollars. What a comparison to our taxes of today! At one time there were about fifty families in Shell Township with someone on nearly every quarter. Now there are about fifteen families in Shell Township, showing the movement from farm to city.

PAUL DEBERTINS' Hans Berg filed on a Dakota Homestead in Shell Township in 1903. They lived there for a time and then returned to Churches Ferry where they were in the restaurant and hotel business. Emil and Henry Berg filed on homesteads and later sold them. Mollie Berg came to Minot to file on a homestead in July of 1908 and arrived in the fall of that year to prove up on it. This involved living on the land for a year which — 265 — scared little Millie Berg. Can you feature a young lady today, looking forward to spending a winter alone on the prairie with no means of transportation, etc? Mollie had her brother, Emil's claim shack to live in that year. Someone had made the remark that if Mollie wanted that land she had better stay there. To stay is just what Mollie did, for that land is a part of the Debertin farm today! Paul Debertin came to Plaza with his brother, Andy, in 1905, where he worked for a time with the dray line. He hauled freight from Ber­ thold, the nearest railroad, to Plaza with Clarence Butler's father. In the course of the dray business Paul was called upon to drive the Deputy Superintendent of Schools to the Lovdahl School. There he met Mollie Berg who proceeded to talk him out of his .22 rifle. She kept talking, and in August of -1910 they were wed. Paul worked as assistant postmaster at Plaza for three years. The folks purchased the Hans Berg farm and along with Mollies' home­ stead they established their farm. There was a large house on the farm which burned in the fall of 1930, just at the beginning of the depression, but with the same staying-power that first got this couple their land, they hung on, and still own the farm today. The Debertin's family consists of a pair of "queens" and three "jacks". Madeline, married to Elvin Kvale has three girls and a boy. They own the Minot-Bottineau Transfer business. They make their home at Bottineau. Doris married Peder Yri, and they live on the original farm where they raise sheep. Doris is a registered nurse and works for Dr. Blatherwick in Parshall. Harold married Margaret Ahlgren. They have two boys and practice diversified farming west of Parshall. A missile launch control center is located on their farm. Donald married Louise Torgerson, is with the Corps of Engineers, and works at the pre­ sent time on Cougar Dam near Blue River, Oregon. Everett is married to Cora Fiskum and they have two girls and a boy. Everett is manager of the Westland T&A Store in Minot and is, also, a Minot City Alderman. This is a short history of the Debertin family. Paul is the only member left of the large family, whose parents came from Germany to Baltimore, Maryland and then to Pepin, Wise Mollie has two brothers, Henry and Emil and three sisters, Kenny, Clara and Helen. Their pa­ rents came to America from Norway and settled at Eau Claire, Wise, and later they moved to Churches Ferry, North Dakota. All are true pioneers, witnessing the change of the century from the days of oxen, horse and buggy days, to the space flights and the proposed trip to the moon. Who can say what the next generation will witness?

DAVID & JOHN BARTELSON David Bartelson was born in Shelby County, Iowa and lived there until he was about fifteen years old when he went to Gordon, Nebraska and got a job on a ranch punching cattle. He came to Ward County in 1906 and, with his brother John, bought two quarters of land southeast of Minot. He married Laura Mae Ross, also of Iowa, in 1907 at Minot. Their three oldest children, Elsie, Myrtle and Allan were born there. — 266 — In 1910 he homesteaded in Wayzetta Township, northwest of Parshall. Some of their neighbors were — Albert Moerke, Jacob Gaub, Gus Rose- nau and George Spitzer. Dave and his brother went back and forth to the farm near Minot. Their wives stayed on the homestead, taking care of the children and milking cows. They had to haul water for the cattle from a spring about a mile away. They used a horse and stone-boat. They churned butter and sold it for their groceries. In 1912 they rented land from the Fliegeanbaum Land Company and moved to the ranch in Shell Township, north of Parshall, where Virgil, Ivol and Donald were born. Some of the neighbors were Henry Dye, Rolla Richmond, James Johnson, Louis Anderson, oJhn Holmen, George Jor­ det, John Hanzal, John Havlis, Herman Damschen, Fritz Heuer and John Mealue. John Bartelson died during the flu epidemic in 1918. There were four sons — George, Ralph, Glen and John. Hattie later marrier George Spitzer and they have one son, Harold. About 1926 Dave bought the ranch they lived on and in 1930 he hired Bernie Berntson and Oscar Renstrom to build a new barn. In 1931 Leo­ nard Colclough and Berntson built a new house for them. At one time Dave raised a lot of Hereford cattle, and during the drouth years, they drove them down to the Cannonball River in southern North Dakota to pasture. There wasn't enough grazing here. They finally sold them when the government bought so many of the cattle in this area. Dave bought a few sheep at Minot and in 1935 went to Montana and bought some more. He managed to find enough grazing for them, and continued to build up the flock through the years until there were about two thousand head. The children went to school north of their place, about a mile and a half away. Some of the teachers they had were — Miss Olive Warren, who homesteaded near Parshall, Miss Paradis, Mrs. Edward Casey, and Miss Winifred Snee. Some of the pupils besides the Bartelsons were Joe Landakers children, Charles, Cora and Clifford, the Richmond boys, and Francis Dunkley. Clement and Evelyn Landaker, children of Sam Landaker, also went to school there for a while. The schoolhouse burned and they went to school ever by William Patten's place .until a new one was built. Some of the teachers there were Miss Calhoun and Miss Borghild Tonneson. Dave helped organize the Farmers Union Oil Company, served on the school board, was a director on the Farmers Elevator and Farmers Telephone Company boards. For many years he was a wool buyer for the North Dakota Wool Growers Association. His daughter Myrtle was a telephone switchboard operator for several years at Parshall. Mrs. Lloyd Galway (Elsie) lives at Post Falls, Idaho. Sons Ben, Gary and Gene are married. Mrs. Arnold Steffen (Myrtle) lives at New Town, N. D. Her daughter, Yvonne, now Mrs. Bruce Parsons lives in Spokane, Wash. Allan married Anna Brunsell. They have a son, Robert and a daughter, Arline, now Mrs. George Sherven of Parshall. Virgil mar­ ried Margie Olson, has four sons, Dean, Byron, Douglas and Kent. Three daughters, Shirley, Barbara and Peggy. Dean, Shirley, Barbara and

_ 267 — Douglas are married. They all live in the state of Wshington. Donld mar­ ried Lorraine Peterson, has two sons Craig and Brian, and one daugh­ ter, Kathy. They live near Parshall. Ivol married Evelyn Finke and also lives near Parshall. They have twin girls, Judy and Joan. Dave died in September, 1942 and Mae in July 1950. George Bartelson married Florence Peterson, has a son Larre. A daughter Cheryl died in December, 1959, after a long illness. They live on the former Bernie Berntson place. Ralph married Olga Jordet, has one son, Neal, three girls, Diane and twins Jean and Jane. They live on the George Jordet farm. Glen is unmarried. John marriad Helen Howen. They have a son, John and daughter, anice. They live on a farm south of Parshall. Harold Spitzer married Beverly Clemens, has three children, John, Penny and Mike. They live in Sterling Colorado. Hattie and George Spitzer live in Parshall.

ANDREW SWENSONS' The Andrew Swenson family settled on their homestead the first part of October in 1906. They had immigrated from Baldwin, Wisconsin, Mr. Swenson was a blacksmith by trade and operated a shop on his farm until 1923, when he moved his business to Plaza, and continued with his work until his death in 1937. Mr. Swenson served as Township Treasurer for twenty years and also served e few terms on the school board. Mrs. Swenson passed away in February of 1949.

CREMERVILLE TOWNSHIP For a short time in the early years, Cremerville Township had a postoffice called "Cremerville" and it was in what is now a part of Wally Veum's house in Cremerville Township near Raub, North Dakota.

OMER P. AAMOTS' Omer P. Aamot was one of those present for both Parshall's and Makoti's 25th Anniversary celebrations and is looking forward to being with his old friends for Parshall's fiftieth.

- - _ . • "• ' • f Omar Aamot moving his house onto his homestead. — 268 — In 1921 Mr. Aamot married Miss Minnie Brown of Nome, N. D. They are the parents of: Odell, Mignon (Mrs. Roy Randall) and Hanley, all of Wendell, Minnesota. Omer Aamot liked the soil and he started farming when just a mere lad with oxen. He used to dig rock as a sideline while the oxen moved across the field. Due to their extreme deliberateness the average dis­ tance covered by a span of oxen was not more than thirteen miles a day, and that was considered a long day's work. During Omer's first six years in North Dakota he farmed north of Makoti. In 1912 he squatted on a homestead of 160 acres in McLean County, fifteen miles southeast of Parshall, proving up in 1917. In 1918 he filed on another homestead in Mountrail Co., nine miles southeast of Par- shall, and on this one he proved up in the following year. Fired with ambition and knowing no limits to the amount of work he could do, at the age of 21 years, in 1912, he bought a complete steam threshing rig, and had the distinction of being the youngest member of his crew of 18 men. In 1916 he bought his first tractor, a single cylinder, and that marked goodbye for the oxen. Always mechanically minded he early recognized the development and approaching era of mechanized farming equipment and it naturally fol­ lowed that he should engage in the farm implement business. So, he set up shop in Wendell, Minn., and has reared his family there

TORVAL T. HAGEN'S Torval T. Hagen homesteaded in Cremerville township in the spring of 1913 and has lived here most of his fifty years since homestead days. He served as township treasurer for twenty-seven years, as clerk of Spring Valley school for twenty-four years and took an active part in other com­ munity projects. He married Anna Gronvold on October 27, 1915. Anna Gronvold Hagen came to homestead in Cremerville township in the spring of 1913. She served as teacher of Spring Valley school at the time that it was organized. The Hagens spend the winters in the city of Parshall and summers on the farm, although they have retired from farming.

PETER B. TORGERSONS' Peter and Carl Torgerson came to this area in the spring of 1913 from Hereford, Minnesota. They looked things over and decided that they would homestead in Cremerville Township, so went back and started preparations to move at once. They shipped thirteen car loads of farm equipment, stock, machinery household goods, etc., out to Plaza which was the end of the railroad at that time. The sixteen horses were put to good use immediately, as there was plenty to do. Mr. and Mrs. Peter Torgerson had been married about a year, and being imbued with the spirit of adventure, they have never regretted coming into this area. For the first month or so of their living in this community they shared living accomodations with the Eldor Arness family of Plaza, until their own homestead could be equipped for living purposes. Lumber had to be hauled from Plaza to erect a homestead shack, the hauling — 269 — Mr. and Mrs. Peter B. Torgerson being done the slow way — horses and wagons. The Torgersons' were extensive farmers for many years and have leased much land on the Reservation for farming purposes. They recall so much grief in connection with the prairie fires in the early years. Devastation connected with these episodes was something fearful for seldom were one of these fires small. In the first years the average mode of transportation was horses, so trips for supplies were a laborious undertaking. There were no roads, so everyone struck out cross-country. In the spring coulees and creeks full of water had to be forded and of course, there were precarious instances in regard to this at times. Occasionally there were most disasterous results. Mr. Torgerson recalled the experience he had with his first car in this community. It was a Kissell which he had bought from Richard Jahnke and he had been in Parshall this particular day. Enroute home he got stuck in a massive scnow drift right near his home. After much shoveling and working trying to free the car he had to walk home and get a horse to hitch on to the car and pull it out. The famous "Riley Hill" south of town was a sore spot for many a traveler until the roads became so im­ proved that the spot has literally been forgotten in these later years. Mrs. Torgerson recalls the time that the Bellmores' house burned, and she spent one entire day traveling around from farmstead to farmstead obtaining clothing for the family as they barely got out of their home with the clothes on their backs. This was in the winter time, too, when the weather was cold. The Torgerson's celebrated their Golden Wedding Anniversary in Par- shall in 1962. They have one daughter, Dorothy (Mrs. Donald Waggoner) who lives in New Town, N. D. The Torgersons' are grandparents to four children.

— 270 — LARS AND HATTIE LUNDE We were living on a farm near Aneta, N. D., when the Fort Berthold Reservation opened for filing on homesteads and we were lucky to get a number. The spring of 1913 we shipped our cattle, horses and household goods to Plaza, N. D., our nearest town, and on April 20th, we started out from Plaza. Elie Fuglem, Lars and I each driving a team of horses pulling a load of lumber. It was a beautiful day, but windy. We finally drove near to where a man was plowing with some oxen and after a time we found out this was M. E. McCurdy who in later years became Supt. of Schools in McLean County. We did not get to see Mr. McCurdy as he was at the other end of the field. We could not make the speed they do now days to make a round. Oxen are so deliberate! Mr. McCurdy was breaking sod and a prairie fire had gone through which had blackened the ground as far as the eye could see. We got to the homestead and were met by two close neighbors, the Raffertys' and Mrs. Minnie Lawrence who were already living there. The Rafferty's are now living in San Diego, California and Mrs. Lawrence passed away several years ago. They were very good neighbors to help and were sorely missed when they proved up and left our nighborhood. Our children were all born on the homestead, attended Spring Valley School and finished High School at Parshall. The children were baptized and confirmed in the Lucky Mound Lutheran Church where the family were members. I was also a member of it's Ladies Aid. Mr. Lunde died in September, 1929. I always think of Parshall and community as "home" and always look forward to going back to visit. Norma lives with me here in Minot, N. D. Henry lives and works in Thermopolis, Wyoming. Ruth and Grace live in Wheatland, Wyoming, where both are on the public school faculty. Orphie is the nursing super­ visor in the Surgical Dept. at Trinity Hospital in Minot, North Dakota. Mrs. Hattie Lunde

JAMES T. NEEDHAM One of the early homesteads of this North Dakota Territory was James T. Needham. He was born in Canada and became an American citizen in 1884. James Needham married Ingiberg Johnson on November 21, 1908 at Winnipeg, Canada. In 1916, Jim put in his claim for 144.56 acres with the U. S. Land Office in Minot. In 1919 he received his final papers from the office of the President Wilson saying he was the owner of the land. When the Needhams came to Parshall they camped on the west side of the railroad in a tent until they could make arrangements to get their barn built on their place. How this good old North Dakota wind could blow all their belongings around! Jim, being a lover of horses, fanned for years with them and this meant many long hours of hard work. Maggie worked side by side with her husband through all the years, — 271 — whatever it may be. Picking rock, seeding, threshing or milking cows. She always raised a large flock of chickens and turkeys and had the largest garden around, from which the winter supply was canned. The butchering for the winter was done and the meat was canned, salted, put into brine and later smoked. Never was Maggie too busy to help someone in need. Many a child did she nurse back to health. Then, she turned her home into a haven for expectant mothers. Never was a woman turned down, there was always room for one more! Long is the list of people who can say that Maggie Needham helped to bring them into the world! She was known for her devoted, wonderful care for her patients, and the many favors she extend­ ed to all. The Needhams were blessed with four children. Beulah (Mrs. George Dodge) who passed away in 1954. Lloyd of Anaheim, California, Minnie (Mrs. Verne Martins) of Wheatland, Wyoming, and Donald who lives on the old homeplace south of Parshall. There are eleven grandchildren and one great grandchild. Mr. Needham passed away in 1951 and Mrs. Needham in 1963. Their memories will be cherished by everyone.

Eric Aanerud harvesting oats. (Note the stand of oats).

THE ODERMANNS' In 1913, Joe Sr. (Grandpa Odermann) Joe Jr., and Frank Odermann, took up homesteads in Spring Valley Township. (At that time it was known as Cremerville.) In the spring of 1914, their families came, and in 1915 Mrs. Joe Oder­ mann Sr., and their two teenage boys, Adam and Henry. Those first years were filled with a lot of hardships and hard work with the building of their homes and breaking of new sod. The picking of rocks and hauling of them was no small item as the work was mostly done by horses, except for the breaking which they hired done by tractor. Chet Heinikin, Ed Paulson and Frank Homme were some of the people that did that type of work and with large tractors and plows they would turn ten cr twelve furrows at a time. For many years the Odermanns' did a diversified type of farming.

— 272 — Through the years the families grew and received their grade school education at SSpring Valley Consolidated School, which for a while even had two years of High School. A few of the girls went to Garrison to finish their high school work at Sacred Heart Academy. In the early years a missionary, Father Paul Lotter from Elbowoods, came to their homes to have religious services, and later the Odermanns' attended Queen of Peace Church at Raub, N. D. Grandpa Oderman passed away in 1926 and Grandma in 1934. Joe and Mary (Pusc) had 8 children. Ralph was married and has 2 children. At present he lived in Great Falls, Montana. George was married and had 4 children. He passed away in 1955. They made their home in Glasgow, Montana, where his family still resides. Gilbert and his wife and daughter live in Stanley, N. D. Marie and Margaret were twins. Marie, (Mrs. Lloyd Smith) with her husband and 4 sons live in Vancouver, Wash. Margaret passed away in 1963. Madeline (Mrs. Wilbert Voigt) has three children and at present she and her husband live ni Parshall. Robert was married and had 6 children. They re the family living on the old home­ stead. Robert passed away in 1963. Helen (Mrs. Paul Organ) with her husband and 3 children live in Portland, Oregon. Joe and Mary lived in Parshall for several years after retirement. Joe passed away in 1958. At present, Mary, the mother, makes her home with the Wilbert Voigt's. Frank and Sophie (Pusc) had 9 children, Edward is married and makes his home in Dickinson. Herbert and his wife live in Portland, Oregon. Frances and his wife and family of 4 children are at Portland, Oregon. Matthew is married and they have 5 children at Plainview, Minnesota Alice, (Mrs. William Lanahan), husband and 2 children, Deloris (Mrs. Wm. Boyd), her husband and 2 children and Raymond and his family of 5 all live in Portlnd. Theodore took over the homestead when Frank and Sophie retired. He and his wife and their 5 children live there at the pre­ sent time. Frank passed away in 1959 and Sophie in 1960. Adam served in the Armed Forces in 1918, and is at present in the Veteran's Hospital at Ft. Meade, South Dakota. Henry was married to Regina Landwehr at Elbowoods in 1924. They lived on the Joe Sr., homestead until 1928, when they moved to Elbowoods, and from there to Richardton, N. D. in 1952. The 8 children are: Doris Mae (Mrs. Wilman Stevenson) who has 5 children and the family lives at Cavalier, N. D. Harold and his wife and 7 children live at Belfield, N. D. James (Father John O.S.B.) is at present Ass't. Pastor at St. Joseph's Church at Devils Lake. Lloyd is married, has 7 children and they make their home at Richardton, N. D. Phyllis (Sr. Marie Therese S.C.S.C.) is at Holy Cross Convent at Merrill, Wisconsin. Theresa (Mrs. Thomas Wcin- and) with her husband and family of 6 live at Raub, N. D., Joan, an R. N. is presently employed at Yankton, S. D., Cecile (Mrs. Alfred Volesky) with her husband and 2 little girls lives in Dickinson, N. D. In the years passed, when family and friends got together there would be a let of conversation about the early years, and what good times every­ one had, building a community in a new land. Surely it was a challenge and alos a privilege. We can be so grateful and thnk "God" every day, for having given us a small part in building up the community of Parshall.

— 273 — A Spring Valley Consolidated School Bus is the early years. Mrs. Ferris driver. Children from left to right: Minnie Needham, George Hovey, Olive Carlson, Irene Carlson, Agnes Carlson, and Norma Lunde.

C. J. CARLSON I arrived in Plaza March 10, 1913 with one carload of machinery and a team of horses. We started the next worning for the homestead as I know there was a barn and a little house close by. The first settler I met was Mr. Stead who lived four miles from my claim and his brother-in-law who lived just a mile from my homestead. My brother and I stayed with them for about a month while I built a little house and barn. I went back to Minnesota for the last of the horses and cows and got back to Plaza again on March 30th and started out the next day for the homestead. I had two neighbors besides by brother to help chase the cattle. The snow was melting and water was running in all the coulees. When we got to within one half mile of the buildings Jake Eltz went into the coulee to see if the water was too deep for the cattle to go through. We all got wet to above the knees. Mrs. Carlson and the two girls came on the 25th of April. The train came in to Plaza about 8 o'clock in the evening and we started right out on the eighteen mile trail across the hills as there was no road to follow. It was dark soon after and not a light was to be seen in any direction. Finally, we got to Dr. McFall's place and then we had only three more miles to go to reach home. A prairie fire had burned all the grass be­ tween my place and Dr. McFalls so the ground was all black. Mrs. Carlson asked, "Do you know where you are?"' "Well," I replied, "I think I am still in North Dakota!"

Liberty means responsibility, that is why most, men dread it.' —Bernard Shaw.

— 274 — EP WORTH TOWNSHIP

NEWNAMS'

Three Generations of Pioneers — Ray, Robert and Frank Newnam.

Francis A. Newnam was born at Edina, Knox Co., Missouri, February 17, 1839. He was the son of a pioneer minister that had established the first Protestant Church west of the Mississippi River. Robert A. Newnam, son of Francis A. Newnam was born at Plevna, Mo., December 28, 1872. Arthur Ray Newnam, son of Robert A., was born at Shelbina, Mo., December 21, 1896. About the middle of March, 1902, the Newnams all arrived in Rugby, N. D., with a few household goods, 4 horses, 2 cows, a plow and seeder, some blacksmith tools and very little money. The second day at Rugby, "Bob", as all his friends called him, hired out for a year at the McClain Blacksmith Shop. The salary was low, but it would keep the wolf from the door until he could make a new start in a new country. A few days later F. A. rented 200 acres of farm land from Andy Jones, the banker. The landlord agreed to build two more rooms on the house and when the new rooms were enclosed all the Newnams moved in; eight in all. Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Newnaw and daughter Cora shared two rooms. Mr. and Mrs. R. A. and three sons occupied the other two rooms, and at this home on Sept. 20, twin sons were born, thus making ten people in the four rooms. That spring, Bob, after having his breakfast would walk the three miles to Rugby to work in the shop from 7 a.m. to 7 p.m. He would then re­ turn home and work in the fields as long as he could see. At Minot, N. D., on June 2, 1902, F. A., R. A. and Cora Newnam each filed on a homestead in newly surveyed S. W. Ward County. These homesteads were described as: F. A. Newnamm — NW'/i Sec. 35, 154-90, R. A. Newnam NE34 154-90; Cora Newnam SW 35-154-90. This later be­ came known as the Epworth Country, the name it is still known by and lies in the Parshall trade territory today. In the early winter of that year, Mr. and Mrs. F. A. Newnam and Cora moved to Stanley, shipping her household goods, livestock, and sev-

— 275 — eral sacks of wheat oats and flax for seed. Frank purchased 2 lots in Stanley about 2 blocks east of the present Great Plains Lumber Yard. There he built a two room shack. Due to the small choice of lumber in town this shack was all sided, roofed and floored of 4-inch flooring lumber. This building was moved to the homestead the next spring, an addition was build on, but the original middle two rooms are still standing there today. After Bob's year of work in the shop, he went to Stanley where Ray had been living with grandpa, since Christmas. Bob hauled out lumber and built a small house on the claim, also took out the machinery and the sacks of seed, which he stored in a small building that was to become his shop later on. Tne gophers were plentiful everywhere and they got under the walls and proceeded to eat most of the wheat and oats. On April 1, 1903 the Newnam residence in Stanley was vacated and 2 wagons loaded with household goods and groceries and the 4 children started for the new home. Bob and Ray, on foot, followed with the cattle now numbering 5 which included a 5 week old calf. Ray thought it was quite a lark running to head off calves and bringing them back on the trail. All went well for about 12 miles when young boy and calf began to tire so a rest was called for and the sandwich in dad's pocket was a happy surprise. The cattle were also happy to lie down for a time after they had grazed for a while. The horses and wagons had long since gone on miles ahead and when Dad remarked that they were about half way home Ray wondered if they could make it in one day. They started on and had gone about 3 or 4 miles when they saw a wagon coming behind them. This proved to be John J. Sjol, a bachelor, who was to be the Newnam's neighbor on the quarter just south of Bob's. As his wagon was not loaded full, he agreed to put the young calf in it and let Ray drive his team behind and he would walk for a while and help with the cattle. That was a thrill for Ray to be allowed to sit up on that wagon seat and drive a team on a loaded wagon for the first time in his life. About 4 o'clock that p.m. Grandpa, his wagon unloaded, came to meet them, bringing along some more sandwiches and a pail to get some fresh milk to drink. Another halt was called to take care of those details, after which the last five miles home passed rather swiftly. It was then that Ray learned that a boy could recover vitality faster than animals after a lunch and a short rest. On that moving day they saw only two houses between Stanley and their home on the farm. The first one was a family named Oliver about 5 miles south of Stanley and the other was H. W. Dennis who located four miles from their new home. However, that summer, quite a few settlers came along and put up homestead shacks all around the surrounding area. The Big Prairie Fire In July of that same year the Great Northern Railway set the long grass afire. It burned south along the east side of Shell Creek to near where Parshall now stands. The wind then changed and drove the fire west to the Missouri River near Shell Village. The Indians backfired to stop it there and the wind changed again, this time taking the fire north to just

— 276 — one-half mile east of the Newnam home. Every man in the country and some of the women fought that fire for over 36 hours to save their homes. Only a few were lost. Some cowboys were grazing cattle, num­ bering about 400 head near where Alfred Kulland now lives. They were from Cooper's Ranch, west of the present site of Belden, and when they moved the herd over on F. A. Newnam's place and held them there over night. They rode their ponies and sang songs all night to keep those cattle from stampeding. Epworth Postoffice was established in the summer of 1904. F. A. Newnam was the first Postmaster and the office was named by Cora as a small town bore that name where she attended school back in Missouri, Uncle Frank, as the neighbors called him was Postmaster until 1912 when he resigned after becaming partially paralyzed. He passed away in Sep­ tember of 1923. Dymond School District was organized in 1904. Robert A. Newnam was elected President of the district that contained all of what is now Oakland, Shell, Wayzetta and Austin Townships. Bob served as president continuously until 1918 when all of his six boys had finished their eighth grade. He also, was township supervisor for six years. He was a lover of fine horses and a breeder of Clydesdales. When the Farmers Elevator was organized at Parshall he was elected on the Board of Directors. He also, served on the Parshall Farmers Tele­ phone Company Board for a three year term. On certain occasions he would remark, "I really should not leave my own work to fix it for you, but if I was in your shoes and you in mine, I would want you to help me out, so I will do it!" Ray was taught at an early age to work hard and long at any task given him. Many a day he had to take a long sleep in the afternoon, as a little boy, so he would be able to pump the bellows on the forge after supper. He was to keep the fire going to heat one plow lay, while his dad, by the light of a kerosene lantern and the glow from the fire in the forge, would hammer out the edge of another. There never was any rest as long as there was a plow lay to sharpen for the next morning. Ray and brother Charles, and Aunt Cora spent many a forenoon in those early years snaring gophers. They were to plentiful and so hungry that they were destroying the crops. At the age of ten, Ray got his first big job which was working around a big threshing machine. In those days self-feeders on separators were unknown. The man hauling the bundles would drop them one at a time on the feeding table, A boy on each side of the "feeder" with a sharp pocket knife would cut the twine and spread out the sheaves so the feeder man could take the grain from each side and push it directly into the feeder. Ray and two neighbor boys, each one year older than him would keep the "bands cut" working in shifts. One hour of working and then a half hour of rest. The term "rest" can be used if we call pulling a whetstone out of the pocket and steadily grinding to sharpen one's knife during the one-half hour rest period. Boys of today, that never heard of such a job cannot imagine just how fast a knife, by continual hacking at straw and twine can lose it's cutting edge. For this work we were to receive 75c per day credit on dad's threshing bill. By

— 277 — 1&&A

Printing Office, Plummers Store, Bank, Post Office, F. A. Newnam Res.

day was meant from daylight until dark, Ray's arms ached so badly at times that it was hard to get to sleep. Years rolled by and Ray took his turn at farming 320 acres with horse-drawn machinery. For recreation, Ray, after a day's work in the field would mount his pony and ride five miles to practice baseball for a game on the coming Sunday. In 1914 a Rural Mail Route had been establishing at Epworth and Bert Larson was appointed temporary carrier. When Ray was 19 years of age he decided to take the examination for regular carrier. The next year he re­ ceived the appointment to become effective July 2, 1917. He accepted this position with the idea in mind to try to earn money enough to attend the Agricultural College at Fargo. His ambition was to take up Animal Hus­ bandry. However, about thirteen months on this job and Ray's draft number came up for World War I. A member of the draft board who was a friend of the family wrote Ray he should come to Stanley at once and file for exemption under government employment. Rays' grandfather, a Civil War Veteran, upon hearing of the letter came over to our house and said, "My boy, come sit here. I want to talk to you for one minute. Son, our country is at war; it is the duty of every man to answer the call of our President to help defend our beloved country and trust the Lord for an early peace." With that he got up and walked out. Ray's decision was made and late that afternoon he went to the draft board and made appli­ cation to go with the next call for troops. An August 14, 1918, Ray with 18 other young men boarded a train at Stanley with the destination being Fargo. That night Ray arriyed at the A. C. not under the condition he had planned, but as it turned out, it was the only time he would attend the A. C. The next day he was sworn in as Recruit Arthur R. Newnam 3477818 U. S. Army. After 7 weeks of army drill and schooling and 1 week in the hospital the company entrained for Camp Pershing, Fort Bliss, Texas. There they had 3 days cf extensive examinations, hypo shots one after another and more drills. At 4 p.m. on October 10, 1918 they were grven their assignments. Ray was to be a motor cycle Dispatch Rider. They were given the order, "Go take a bath, come out in full dress uniform and be prepared to move upon the call of the bugle!" October 11th was

— 278 — spent in writing home, resting on our cots, or singing pep songs such as: "We're Going Over and Won't Come Back until it's Over, Over There." Shortly after retiring that night there was a loud report from the cannon at Fort Bliss. Whistles were blowing, bells ringing and it seemed as though the entire population of El Paso were at the gates of the camp shouting, "The War Is Over." The next day the bugle sounded for as­ sembly on the drill field and all were told to unpack our bags and stand by to report by companies to the personnel office. When Company A came up, Ray came before Capt. Pearsall where only one question was asked, "Were you a rural mail carrier in civilian life?" The answer being, "Yes, sir!" office." The command came, "Report to the Sgt. Patterson at the camp Post- office. That is where Ray participated in "the battle with the letters." After discharge, Ray returned to the carrier job on Route 1 Epworth, N. D. On August 7, 1937 he married Emma Mundehl, a former teacher in Dymond School. On May 1, 1941, he was transferred to Route 2, Parshall, N. D., where a vacancy had developed due to the death of Patrick Jones. March 1, 1957, Ray retired from active service, but he continues to make Parshall his home. On July 9th, 1962, his beloved went to her eternal rest and now Ray sits at home alone to reminise of Pioneer Days in North Dakota. "The Best of the West."

EPWORTH PERSONALITIES Per A. Anderson — The first chairman of Austin Township Board of Supervisors. Established the first Post Office which he named Dymond. He carried the mail from Palermo on horseback twice a week. Three years later the office was named Epworth with Francis A. Newnam as Post­ master. Herbert D. Dennis — Homesteader, teacher, bookkeeper, Clerk of Austin Township, County Auditor, County Treasurer. The man retired two years ago and is a well-known figure all over the county. Chester Dymond — A Civil War Veteran, also, the oldest homesteader in the country. The first Postoffice in the community and the school dis­ trict were named in honor of him. His son, Perry, also a homesteader in the area owned the first threshing machine in the community. John W. Jones — Farmer, school teacher, township clerk and an avid baseball player. He later moved to Parshall where he worked as salesman for Thomas Cooper. He was appointed Postmaster in Parshall to which he served for a period of about six years. In later years he returned again to his farm in the Epworth area. He was very successful in his vairous enterprises. Gotlieb Iinobersteg — This man was a Swiss cheesemaker. He built a — 279 — cheese factory on his farm and purchased milk from his neighbors to manufacture cheese. 'Cr Ole M. Kilen — Farmer, school teacher and publisher. He taught Dy­ mond School for three years and resigned when Mountrail County was organized to become the County Superintendent of Schools. He purchased a newspaper at Ross and moved it to Stanley where it became the Moun­ trail County Promoter. Hans Larson — He was an early settler on a farm three miles S. E. of Epworth where he farmed for many years. He was, also, a County Commissioner from District No. 3 of Mountrail County, a member of the school board, an officer of the Farmers Elevator and of the Telephone Company. Peder Larson — A brother of Hans Larson was a prosperous farmer. His daughter, Johanna, became County Superintendent of Schools. Peder and his wife retired and moved to California. Beth are now deceased. Charley Madison — Farmer and horse breeder. An ardent baseball fan and organized the first team in the community. The team was given the name of the "Austin Colts" and under the coaching of Charlie they became a very fine team. In 1920 Charlie moved to Stanley to become the Chief of Police. In 1923 he was shot and killed in the line of duty. Almond D. Pierce — Farmer and dairyman. He was Superintendent of the Epworth Sunday School for many years. After retirement he moved to Stanley where he was caretaker of the Tourist Park. Lynn A. Plumnier — Owner of "Farmers Handy Store" — Dealer in Everything, Epworth, N. Dak,, His advertisement in the Epworth Examiner once read: We will trade sugar for seed wheat, Horse collars for butter, Clothing for eggs or What have you?" John Johnson Sjol — A pioneer farmer, butcher and thresher. Business lured hirh from the farm. He had a store on the reservation and later ran a cafe in connection with a butcher shop in Parshall which was owned by his brother, Hans. Ben Tayler — Typist and printer. He published the Epworth Examiner for three or four years. He played baseball, boxing and like to do foot rac­ ing for recreation. George Yepson — He was cashier of the Northwestern Bank of Ep­ worth, N. D. His hobby was baseball and he was a very good pitcher. He had a wonderful personality and everyone liked him. Anna Weigen — The first school teacher in Dymond District. After her marriage to Mr. McBain she held county offices for many years. Gale Woodworth — A farmer, coal miner, President of Township Board, director of Robideau Elevator Co. Several years ago Gale and his wife, Maude, moved to Seattle, where he purchased several tracts of land and being a good carpenter, he built houses on these lots and sold them. Now in his 81st year of age, Gale has retired and plans to return to Mountrail County "to make his home among his friends," he says.

— 280 — ERICK TANGEDAHLS' Mr. and Mrs. Erich Tangedahl moved to Parshall in the fall of 1947, after having been forty years on a farm five and a half miles northeast of Van Hook. Both Mr. and Mrs. Tangedahl came from Norway in the spring of 1907. Mr. Tangedahl had filed claim on a quarter of land in Mountrail County where they came to live. Mrs. Tangedahl spent the summer of 1907 in Griggs County with her Aunt and Cousin while Erich went to get a small one room house built on the land. Mr. Tangedahl came down from Palermo and with some relatives bought lumber from Plaza. With this he built the small house in what later became Van Hook Township in Mountrail County. South of their home was the reservation with Indians and cattle roaming around. The other neighbors had sod houses and sod barns. After the house was built, a horse and buggy secured Mrs. Tangedahl came. The first winter was often a lonely one as Erich often went to do carpenter work and could not always get home at night. Soon the land was broke up and farming was started. Erich had to haul water in barrels on a stone boat for drinking and other uses. This was about a half mile from their house. This water was a luxury so had to be used with care especially on wash days. More horses and machinery were bought as well as cattle, chickens and pigs. Later a well was dug in the yard and a windmill put up. The house enlarged and a barn and granary built. The neighbors started building and the sod houses disappeared. This led to more social life. Mrs. Tangedahl did not mind it if she walked sev­ eral miles to visit a neighbor for an afternoon. The Christmas holidays were great events. It was usual to have neighbors in for the day or to go visiting. Plaza was the first town until Van Hook was started about 1912. The trips to Plaza were usually made by horse and buggy or by wagon and this was about twenty miles. A small store and postoffice was located in the Epworth Community and this was called Amanda. Many things were ordered through the catalogs in those days. Schools were organized but as the closest school was some distance away Mr. Tangedahl built a small one room building for a school closer. Children walked to school in those days. The little school house had a small heater in the middle of the room. Later this was replaced by a more modern school. More settlers moved in and the reservation was opened up for home­ steaders. A Scandinavian family lived a few miles from their home and they would spend time together visiting. Mrs. Tangedahl's brother who came from Norway at the same time they did spend some time with them. A pastor came down from Palermo and had services in a school house. The first Lutheran Church in the neighborhood was build about 1915. Later telephones were installed which added much to the social as well as business life for the farmers. It was many years later before electricity came that way, but the kerosene lamps and lanterns were in good use. The family wash was usually done by hand on a rubbing board. Some women later got washing machines which they ran by hand. The — 281 — wood churn was a familiar sight in many homes. Without the modern con­ veniences of today the people worked hard but enjoyed life. The grain was usually put up in shocks and a great event was when the threshing rig came into the community. To Mr. and Mrs. Tangedahl were born three children; Elizabeth, Mar­ garet and Thorfin. Elizabeth Erickson and family live in Parshall. They have two girls. Margaret is at home and is still teaching. Thorfin and family live in Bismarck. He is with the Child Welfare Department and they have three boys. Mrs. Tangedahl passed away December 10, 1957. Mr. and Mrs. Erick Tangedahl observed their fiftieth anniversary at their home in Parshall in April 1957. The Bethlehem Ladies Aid had charge of this event. They had then lived in Parshall for about ten years and had many good memories of those years, but their happiest years were the forty years at the farm where they spent the best years of their lives.

A BRIEF HISTORY OF WAYZETTA TOWNSHIP AND ORGANIZATION OF HARMONY SCHOOL DISTRICT 43 Prepared by S. G. Warbcrg Wayzetta Township was first settled in 1902 and at that time was a part of Imperial Ward County. The real settlers, however, did not start living on their claims until 1904, and it took ten years before the whole township was settled. The last homestead entries were S. G. Warberg and P. C. Bernts on who took claims under the United States Enlarged Home­ stead Entry by the laws of Congress of 1911. Each of these men filed on 320 acres in section 24a.d25 of Wayzetta Township. This township was organized December 20, 1909, but the first board meeting was held January 10, 1910. No records are available concerning the first permanent board of township officers. During the first years not much interest was taken as there was no tax money to spend except for a few dollars of poll tax money. Not until about 1914 when all the township was settled and people started to prove up their claims and to pay real estate tax did residents begin to show interest in township affairs. The elections were generally held at the Frank and Hank Esferding Ranch located in section 9 and 10. Many of the early setlers stayed just long enough to prove up their claims, sell them, or borrow all they could on their lands. They then left for other parts of the country. Quite a few, however, started farming, cattle raising, and building up the country and neighborhood. Getting the virgin soil broken up and tillable was quite a job. Breaking with oxen or even horses was very slow. Soon a few steam rigs were shipped in. They could be hired to break at $4.00 per acre. A great deal of land was broken up by these steam rigs. This virgin soil raised some wonderful crops these first years and the community began to grow and build up. Homestead shacks, sod houses, and lean-tos disappeared. Houses and barns took their places. The distance to town had been made shorter when the Soo Line built its branch line in 1906 as far as Plaza. Someone made a "Bee-line" for town in the best possible places to drive. The rest would follow and so the roads were made. In some pasture land can be seen the old ruts from the

— 282 — wagontrails. The only real obstruction for the pioner road was old Shell Creek. In the spring when the snow began to melt, the creek often became a roaring stream a quarter of a mile wide. There was no chance then to get to town. The flour barrel had to be scraped clean, the coffee pot rationed, and the kerosene lamp watched carefully. As a rule though, neghbors were friendly and helped each other. Fuel was often a problem in early years, but Wayzetta Township was very fortunate in this respect. The south half of the township was under­ laid with a big bed of lignite coal varying in thickness of from two to fifteen feet. The early homesteaders discovered this when digging their wells. Most of this was strip-mined, but some of it was mined underground. Many people drove twenty-fiv miles to come and get this coal. Two mines were opened up on or near Shell Creek which croses Way­ zetta Township in about the middle. One mine was the Herman Moerke Mine, later sold to Joe Landaker. The other was the Alb Roseno Mine. Thousands of tons of coal have been mined and sold commercially during their years of operation. In addition to these many small dug-pits were made and operated by a bunch of neighbors going together and digging their own winters' coal. Time went by and the Soo Line extended the branch line west to the Missouri riverbank. The Fort Berthold Indian Reservation was opened up for settlers and three more towns were platted and organized — Parshall, Van Hook, and Sanish — from east to west across our county. The township jobs were passed around among the settlers. Most of them served a few years in different offices. S. G. Warberg served the longest terms in years in any one job. He served twenty-six years continuously as township assessor. At present the township officers are all second gener­ ation officers, sons of the old settlers, and they are doing a good job of it. Schools The Harmony School District was organized in Wayzetta Township in 1908. Mrs. Clarence Miller donated two acres of land for the site in the northeast section of section 14. Mrs. Miller also coined the name for this school district. The first school was opened in Otto Schmitt's homestead shack in the spring of 1908. It was taught by his wife Esther. The names of the first school board are as follows: Tira Corpron, director; Pryor Lindly, director; Clarence Miller, president; F. 0. Ehr- hard, clerk; Peter Oberst, treasurer. The first school house was built in section 29 on ground donated by Ole T. Hauge. Later one was built on section 5 on Peter Oberst's home­ stead. Two more were built in sections 14 and 30. The section 30 site was donated by Mrs. Julia Pettengill. Later on the so-called "Strip" was opened up for settling. This added a six mile long and one and three quarters mile wide strip to Wayzetta Township. A school had to be built in Section 2 of what is now Parshall Township. Summer terms were taught here for seven years until 1915 when a deal was made with Parshall school district to make over the school for a sum of $125. It. was added onto the village school. Education has always been a hrgh priority in Wayzetta Township. One school superintendent, a doctor, a professor with the nuclear commission

— 283 — are a few who have come out of these schools. Space will not permit the mention of the names so all the college graduates and well qualified teach­ ers who have been born and reared in this community. A fire in 1914 when the home of J. W. Jones burned destroyed the school records of the district. J. W. Jones was school clerk at the time. P. C. Bernston was appointed as clerk and served for several years. After his term, H. B. Schmit served for 4 years. When he quit, S. G. Warberg was appointed clerk and served contiuously for thirty-two years or until Parshall district reorganized and the east half of Harmony joined with Parshall. The west half went to New Town and the old school district was dissolved. The officers at that time were: Silas Sjol, president; Floyd Hauge, director; Charles Lindly, director; Harold Skaar, treasurer; S. G. Warberg, clerk. Much more could have been written but space will not permit.

Slow but dependable power in the early days. Adolph Waller near Cremerville.

RAUB AND LOQUEMONT TOWNSHIP In 1912 a part of the Fort Berthold Reservation was opened for home­ steading. Jacob Raub, Amos Jorgenson, Barron Gage, Sr., Richard De- Remee, Dick Varney, (who seeded a flax field in 1912 which could not be harvested until the following spring, and then it yielded 22 bushels to the acre), and a few others spent the winter there. In the spring of 1913, Charles Leissman, Charles Weikert, Florence Ward and her daughter, Aldyth, A. H. Willis, James White, Ernest Nel­ son, Earl Slagg, Margaret Rothenberger, Ennis Selthun and others started building homes and getting their land broken up. Clifford and Herb Jorgenson broke land with their 20-40 Case; Bill Stevens had an oil-burning Rumley, Ole Torgerson a steam engine. Tom Slutz had two or three small Avery tractors and Lars Gaardsmoe broke land with oxen. Ryder was the trading post at that time and a trip there took three

— 284 — days. With a team of horses they would drive in one day, transact busi­ ness for the entire neighborhood the second day and return on the third. Lights from the homes along the way were the road markers and the trails were scattered with buffalo bones. As the driver approached home territory the first home-area light would be that of Ella Peterson. The Weiekrt home always kept a light burning, also. Herb and Cliff Jorgenson, Jake Heibar and others were sworn in as mail-carriers. Nancy Taylor had a postoffice at the Jake Raub farm, therefore mail was addressed to Raub. Here a store was set up as a convenience for the settlers. Later, the postoffice and store were moved to the A. P. Blonde homestead, where Lou Blonde was postmaster. In 1915, the postoffice and store were moved to the present site of Raub where Tim Veum had built the first store, and he then became the postmaster. The name "Raub" went right along with the moves. Suc­ cessive postmasters have been Jennie Van Home, Marie Ludwig, Angeline Overmann and currently Ethel Ludwig serves in that capacity. The present postoffice building is Emanuel A. Jorgenson's homestead shack. "Joe", as we all knew him, was a graduate of the Congregational Seminary of Chicago. He held worship services in various homes on the reservation and is listed as one of the early ministers in charge of the Congregational Church of Parshall. While a student at the University of Chicago, "Joe" became a lifelong friend of William Jennings Bryan. Joe was always deeply concerned about the welfare of his farm neigh_ bors and originated many fine ideas put to use by political figures of North Dakota. Storekeepers over the years have been Roy Schuler, Jacob Rapp, Art Schlottman, Fred Propp, Charles Deardurff, Eric Wilke, Glen De- Haven, Erling Kvale, George Liebel and now George's son, Earl, owns and operates an unusually good country store. Pioneer Implement Dealers have been Weikert and Siverts, Everett Doten and Nels Larson, who also operated the first gasoline pump in connection with his Hardware Store. Other businesses came — Kothe's Restaurant and Pool Hall. Frank Peterson's Blacksmith Shop, later bought by Pete Ankerberg. Later Frank again became owner, then Henry Bergan took it over. Lynch and Whitson from Plaza built a garage in Raub, and it was operated for a time by Lynch, before John Scholz took it over in 1921. John, in turn, sold out to Clrence "Doc" Woiwode in 1929. That building was destroyed by fire and Doc bought the old bank building, relocating it south of Liebel's Store, where he operated a garage until selling to Henry Bergan in 1942. A. B. DeGree was Raubs' first barber, followed by Homer Gage, Bill Akan, Wm. Galliger, Fred Braunberger and Erling Kvale. Alvin Araby was cashier at the Bank and later George Ranum ser­ ved in that capacity. The Bank discontinued business in the drought years of the "dirty thirties". After Ed Kothe's moved to Parshall, Mrs. Ncrris Lind operated a cafe in what was at one time the Deardurff Store. She was followed by Mrs. Machado. Now, we have a very nice modern Steakhouse, owned anl operated by Georgia and Frank Tomhave, in what was at one time

— 285 — School No. 4, which was located near Severin Johnson's farm, and known as the Johnson School. It is now located on the corner, near the highway, across the road from the Standard Filling Station in Raub. Ray Torgerson, son of Mr. and Mrs. Robert Torgerson of Parshall, was the first white child born in Loquemont Township. All are living in Par- shall at the present time. Albert Renner was the owner of the first car in the township. The first well was dug by Richard DeRemee on the northeast corner of Section 21. Dort and Floyd Myers started well-drilling as well as did Dick Jahnke. The first school was in Heibar's homestead shack and was then moved to the hall north of Herb Jorgenson's farm. Later there were four functioning schools in Loquemont Township, prior to redistricting. Plans were made for the mail route from Ryder; for a rural route from Parshall; for a telephone exchange at Veum's Store; for buying formaldehyde in quantities for farm use. All meetings took place at the farm homes. Mr. Gage was the first to serve lunch, and meetings were held twice a month. Jake Rapp, George Ranum and John Scholz had the first radio in Raub and what a sensation it created! The three owners used to pass it around from time to time, but there was trouble as the reception at night was hard to decipher til it was found that Kothe's light plant was the offender. Finally, it was moved to the Community Hall where it was permanently set up, it's crowd of listeners following it to that place for the evening's entertainment. Nellie Taylor Raub organized the first women's club. It's first of­ ficers were: Aldyth Ward, President, and Louise Kothe, See-Treas. In winter time the women drove horses many miles in order to attend meetings and in the summer it was a common sight to see the women pushing their baby buggies across the prairies. Mrs. George Purdue, who has a warm place in our hearts, lived where Ernest Roberts farm home now it, and the story goes that one of the times as she was coming down the road pushing her baby buggy, that the sight of her small family frightened Hans Monson's horses as he was on the way to the field to work. Walking was the thing in those days and a neighbor's visit was a highly prized incident. On December 6, 1913, a mass meeting was called at the home of E. Doten to organize a Community Club of some sort. Committees were named and the Constitution and By-Laws were drawn up in due form naming the club from the French word 'L "Eau Qui Monte', meaning "the water that rises". This word was pronounced Loquemont by the In­ dians, but the settlers twisted it to Lucky Mount. (This information was obtained from the late Dr. C. L. Hall, Missionary from the Fort Berthold Mission at Elbowoods, N. Dak.) In the Lewis and Clark records, they believed and recorded our creek (Loquemont) to be the- headwaters of the Mouse River. After the men had convened for a few months, they asked the women to join them. Many interesting meetings were held with debates, readings and lectures. Messrs. White, Doten and Monson were the first trustees of the hall,

— 286 — built in 1915 and located about one-half mile north of Herb Jorgenson's farm. On July 4, 1916, the community held a celebration. They put on a patriotic pageant which netted $223.56.

Picture: July 4, 1916. From left to right, standing: Hilma Chambers, Ag­ nes Jorgenson, Marie Ludwig, Pearl Whitehead, Emily Cross, Mrs. Duffy, Ennis Selthun, Mrs. Tim Veum, Inez Gage, Rose Anderson, Mrs. Leo Slagg and Eva Theobald. Sitting: Mrs. Homer Ball, Louise Kothc, Mable White, Madge Ball. Below in high hat, A. P. Blondie as Uncle Sam.

The Club had been grudgingly laboring under this long title and changes had been in the offing so it finally wound up to be srmply the "Farmers Community Club". In December 1936, a large garage was purchased and remodeled for a Club Hall. On April 11, 1949, this was destroyed by fire and by August of 1950 plans got underway for the present Raub Memorial Hall. The first church services were held in Jacob Raub's home, then in Jake Heibar's. Rev. C. E. Van Horne preached, followed by Rev. Theo­ dore Torgerson. Rev. Frisbee preached occasionally and at times a Miss Esther Candee spoke. The Methodist Episcopal Church was disbanded in the drought years. It exchanged hands a couple of times and presently is the home of Mrs. Barnstorf in Parshall. In 1949, the Bishop Vincent Wehrle, M. G. Hiltner and Father Conrad Letter (better known to us as Father Paul, who was at Elbowoods for many years), were instrumental in signing Articles of Incorporation for the Church of St. Mary Queen of Peace, located in the Village of Raub. Father Paul served the Raub Church for several years and he is now re­ tired and lives at the Garrison Hospital. Father Peter Fahrenback was here in 1924, Father Benedict was here for a short time, then in 1930, Father Reinhard Kauffmann came to our parish. He served for twenty-

— 287 — five years at Raub and now is at Crary, North Dakota. The past eight years the parish priest has been Father Aloysius Bittman. An organization meeting was held November 7, 1921, in the Com­ munity Hall and Pastor S. C. Eastvold organized the First Lutheran Church of Raub. The name was changed to Bethesda Lutheran Church on May 2, 1922. At this meeting the Ladies Aid was organized. Pastors who have followed are: B. B. Bjertness, Andrew Norduane, Norris Stoa, Maynard Iverson, T. G. Thompson, 0. G. Sahl, Robert Cordes, Douglas Thorkelson, Richard Larson and at present Alton Hillesland.

MR. AND MRS. MARTIN MILLER Martin Miller came to Plaza, North Dakota on April 19th, of 1913. He filed on a quarter of land 14 miles south of Parshall and returned to Minnesota until October of that same year when he returned with one team of horses and a wagon. He im­ mediately began digging rocks and breaking sod that fall. Inga Gunderson came to Par- shall in 1915, and June of 1916 she and Martin were married. They continued to farm the land and raised cattle for over fifty years. In 1927 Martin built a new home for his family as the old homestead shack had become far too small. Three children were born to the Millers': Charles who married Lu­ cille Berg, and they live on the original homestead. Gervase married Berniece Shultz and they live in Parshall. Bertha married Gordon James and they live at Kenmare, North Dakota. In 1945 Martin bought the farm to the north of the original homestead and on this location he built another home where he and Inga live at the present time. The Millers are the grandparents of eight grandchildren.

Mrs. Chct Heinsken and son Paul - Cremerville, N. Dak. Southeast of Parshall

288 — SPANISH WAR VETERAN Charles Leissman

WORLD WAR I VETERANS Arthur Campbell Carl Nelson Otto Christenson Ernest Roberts Barron Gage Jr. Lloyd Sharp Oscar Hay Sr. Mable White Brown Sam Haugen Gus Wilke Clifford Jorgenson George Willis Alvin Larson Frank Liebel WORLD WAR II VETERANS Gladwyn Roberts Robert Johnson Andrew Deardurff Earl Liebel Robert Deardurff Gervase Miller Kenneth Haugen Lawrence Myers Knute -Haugen Clarence Nelson Oscar Hay Jr. Gerald Theobald Milton Justad William Theobald John Justad Mable Theobald Walter Johnson Ray Torgerson Dwayne Johnson Marion Billadeau KOREAN WAR VETERAN Leonard Weinand Teachers Having Served Loquemont Township Until 1958 Redistricting Hattie Macheel Leona Radditz Vera Kvale Berniece Zimmerman School No. 1 Amelia Myers Helga Bergquist Gunhild Johnson Hannah Jones Edmund Szelap Claire Bergquist Darlene Johnson Alma Johnson Lorraine Zahnow (Billadeau) Ella Peterson Margaret Tangedahl Inga Olson Rose Anderson (De La) School No. 2 Josephine Draffehm Verna Frank Doris Van Sickle (Muhlbradt) Stella Osburn Mary Weikert (Drablos) Ernest Roberts Sylvia Reinertson Pearl Ryan (Hay) Martha Matheny (Scholz) Delia Miller Dorothy Stillings Olga Forthun Olga Forthun Effie Hembroff Freda Reiman Berniece Evenson (Momerack) Bertha Miller (James) Irene Myers (Gilbertson) Clara Kraft Geraldine George E. Annetta Myler Wallace Hovey

289 School No. 3 — Raub Village Signe Deardurff (Giffey) Myrtle Roberts LeElla Schram Madelon Foster (Scholz) Harold Szelap Edna Anderson (Larson) Clayton Heib Sophie Forthun (Haugen Martha Merriam (Kolden) School No. 4 Alma Carlson Erma Ainsworth Lucille George Grace Skarvold (Bolme) Eleanor Weikert (Officer) Irene Zeigler Delia Strand Eleanor Officer

HISTORY OF LOQUEMONT TOWNSHIP 149 — RANGE 89 H stands for homesteader C stands for community landowners moved away or deceased. 0 stands for present owners. 15. Ella Myers H Ole Risberg Gordon and Dorothy Lyon Ernest Nelson 19. Jake Heibar H Emanuel A. Johansson C Axeline V, Nelson Art Woods 0 Robert and Harriet Nelson John Eide Mathilda Heibar J. D. Myers Herbert Jorgenson Dell Bartch Solomon and Robert Bird Bear O Oscar and Pearl Hay Nora Bell John Eide Tribal 40 20. 16. H Ed Anacker N. Dak. School Land C Henry Hay C Forrest Theobald O Oscar and Pearl Hay 0 Leon Billadeau Gervase Miller- Everett Moll State Land 17. Eva Theobald H Emma Cross 21. Melvin Burtch H Herbert Jorgenson Hubert Theobald School Land Margaret Theobald 0 Forrest Theobald C Mearl Myers 0 Herbert Jorgenson Ole Hansen Charles Miller 0 Norma Myers Eva Theobald Nettie Nelson 22. Floyd Myers H Amos Jorgenson Walter Myers Olaf Solwold 18. Clifford Jorgenson H. Henry Aherns Joe Vasson Floyd Myers C Inez Johnson Bill Muhlbradt Otto Moll C Lillian Newton Ernest Raddatz 0 George Gilbertson Caroline Jorgenson Walter Myers O Clifford, Agnes, Herbert, Maude, 290 Mildred, Lyman Jorgenson 28. Freada Campbell H Claus Reimar Roland and Ida Moll George Willis Wm. Vogel Otto Nocnagol Zahnow Bros. Albert Renner 23. C Hubert Theobald H Jacob Raub (First P. O.) Forrest Theobald Haaken Olson O Eva Theobald Barron Gage Cr. Vernon Grant C Conrad Olson 29. A. L. Noriing H Henry Hay 0 Carl and Mary Drablos Alma Johnson Charlene Raub Carney Emmet Chambers L. T. Noriing Gusta Jensen Ernest Roberts C Frank Rothenberger Solomon Bird Bear O Eva Theobald 24. Pearl Hay H Manfred Linseth John Eide O Sam Haugen Jerome Dalby Edna and Harold Larson 30. State Lands II John Sethun 25. I. O. Scholaas H Richard Varney Holtan Scholaas Ingeborg Justad John Jones Wm. Teeters Edward Konrud Nels Lunberg 0 John Sethun 0 Sophie Haugen John Eide Ragna Justad State Land Bonnie B. Bently 31. Einar Justad H Ole Scholaas 26. Fred Blair H Wm. Stevens Henry Gray Richard DeRemee Holtan Scholaas T. F. Estell C Sarah Hotvedt R. Roberts Williams and Lindell C Severin Johnson O Nellie Miller Claus Knudtson John Eide and Ruth Sethun Wil. 0 Zahnow Bros. Hams Mrs. Philip M. Carlson George Gilbertson 27. 1. H E. J. Michael H Baden Kotke G. W. Beardsely Ada Weikert Guy DeFrance Louisa Kothe Earl Slagg Curtis Peterson C Andrew Stevens O Sacred Heart Indian Mission Theresa DeFrance Eleanor Officer 0 Ava Billadeau 2. Everett Moll H A. H. Cross Glen and Alma DeHaven Aldyth Ward 291 — Charles Leissman Ennis Selthun Ole Volk John Engebretson C Torger K. Torgeson Herman Muhlbradt Erick & Marie Wielke Louis & Wilhelmina Barnstorff 0 Robert Torgeson O Martin Miller Curtis & Hattie Peterson Doris Muhlbradt Fred Ludwig Donald Binkley Leon Billadeau 7. Everett Moll H Martin Miller 3. Fred Bellmore HR.O, Torgeson Dort Myers A. Strehmel Tom Slutz E. T. Doten C Bill Skank Lee Gagnum DeWitt Van Home C Francis Cumpfert Carl Myers Ole Olson Minah Gunderson Richard Ludwig George Gilbertson Otto & Fae Anderson Charles Miller Stanton Lee Gordon Lyon 0 Rudolph Folden U. S. Government Herman F. Muhlbradt 8. Fred Ludwig H Edward Schroeder 4. Henry Egtvet H Andrew Eide A. P. Blonde Josephine Numedahl Otto Papenfuss Frank Liebel C Nettie Nelson Dick Jahnke Mearl Myers C C. C. Heineken Norma Myers Herman Muhlbradt 0 Dort Myers A. P. Johnson Henry Egtvet 0 Anna Torgerson Herman F. Muhlbradt Robert Torgerson Gordon Lyon Doris Muhlbradt 9. Ivan Avery H N. A. Bassett 5. Wm. Fielding H Rev. Nils Mehlen Lillian Newton Henry Thorpe Hubertson Town Site J. A. Turnquist C Marie Bassett Moore Oliver Egtvet Andrew Barton C Petra 0. Eide 0 Ava Billadeau Carl Nelson Curtis Peterson Frank Rothenberger State Land 0 Arnold Johnson 10. Ole Oss H Richard Ludwig Heirs of Carl Nelson Tim Veum 6. Jacob Moll H Cora Dubay George Ranum Rev. C. E. Van Home Hans Monson Rev. Peter Ruder C George Leibel

292 — Hans Monson Tribal Land 0 Leon Billadeau 32. Vivian Leibel Earl Leibel H Gusta Jensen Anton Jensen Zahnow Bros. E. C. Fritz 11. H Arthur Braund Eva White Harry Whitehead C Charlotte Fritz Tom Purdue Solomon Amnion Hans Monson 0 Jerome Dalby C E. F. Kothe Leonard Weinand Pearl Whitehead Eva Theobald Otto Moll 33. 0 Everett Moll H Clara Tripp Ragna Justad Mabel White Frank Dahlberg James White Zahnow Bros. George Serk 12. C S. Frances White II Charles Weikert O Eva Theobald Lars Gaardsmoe Oscar Hay Nellie Raub 0 Carl and Mary Drablos 34. Alvin and Eleanor Officer H Walter Stemboel Curtis and Hattie Peterson E. K. Mason Martin Nygaard C Hubert Theobald Charlene Carney Severin Johnson 13. 0 Jacob Weikum II Elizabeth Fredrickson Clifford Jorgenson Nancy Fredrickson Zahnow Bros. Tribal Land Susan Hopkins C George Ranum Rosalie Bird Bear Charlene (Raub) Carney 35. Peter Bender 0 Susan Hopkins 0 Edna and Harold Larson Zahnow Bros. Ernest and Donald Roberts Martin Cross Martin Nygaard Robert Burdell 14. Sidonia Brunner H Leo Slagg Patricia Youngbird George Purdue Carl Knudtson 36. Nancy Taylor Raub II Lloyd Sharp C C. P. Kjelstrup Orianna Tibbs Vera Beaks E. T. Butler- Nellie Taylor Raub Annie Void Hans Monson Nellie Raub 0 Ernest Roberts 0 Donald and Lillian Roberts Frank Dahlberg Orianna Tibbs Zahnow Bros. Zahnow Bros. Heirs of Eva Beaks Mildred Erickson etal

293 OTTERTAIL POWER CO., Parshall's first electricity was generated at a Light Plant owned by Westermark and John­ son. It was located on the corner where the Carl Kvale residence now stands. After a time Bert Shubert bought out Johnson, and later Dewey Shubert bought Wester­ n-ark's share and the Shubert Brothers built, a new olant on south Main Street. In about 1929 they sold to Otter Tail Power Company. Howard Wamby was the first local superintendent with Bert Shu­ bert being plant superintendent. Others who have worked through the years were: Vern Ost, George Harris, Ted Shubert, Joe Hornet, Dorman Hamre, Hans Sjol, OsCc.r Fuglie, Ken Jones and Fred Simon- son. Carl Bartz is the present manager. Services through the years have increas­ ed considerably. In the early years the engines were shut down at midnight. Now, we have continuous power, with a stand-by plant ready to take over in case of emergencies.

THE JACOBS MOTEL was built in 1950 by Augie and Dorothy Jacobs and operat­ ed by them continuously since.

THE PARSHALL WELDING COMPANY was built and opened for business in its present location by Augie Jacobs in Oct­ ober 1946, and has been continuously operated by him since.

HEDBERG MOTOR CO. In 1917, the Ford Garage staged out in Parshall with Messrs. Westlie, Wright and Holt being the original instigators. In 1920, there was a shift in management with Tom Nielson taking over the interests of the garage and Mr. Root buying out the interests of Holt and Wright. By 1924, Mr. Root sold his interests to R. A. Nordbye and Mr. West- lie, who had moved to Minot, also, sold his interests to Nordbye, The Hedbergs be­ came interested in 1947 with Arthur Sr,, Arthur Jr., and Addison all acquiring in­ terests from Mr. Nordbye. After the Sen­ ior- Hedberg's death and the dissolving of the partnership between Addison and Ar­ thur Jr., the Hedberg Motor Company is now under the sole managership of Arthur Hedberg Jr. — 294 — FARMERS UNION BULK STATION has been in business about 34 years. The first bulk tanks had a capacity of 30,000 tral., \ but have now increased to 92,000. That has been the extent of the alterations with the exception of the office locations. Far­ mers Union Oil Co., started in Plaza in the late '20's. Bert Shubert was the first manager of the Parshall plant with the offices in the present Otter Tail building. Jake Spitzer and Chester Johnson became managers in 1933. Chester left and John Risan took his place. Offices were then moved to the old blacksmith shop which stood where the present Community Hall is now located. In 1935, the original 20x20 Service Station building was erected and offices were then moved to that location. From the beginning until 1950, the com­ pany was known as the Farmers Union Oil Co., of Plaza. At a stockholders meeting in 1950, held at the Grand Theatre, it was voted by the members of that company to separate the two communities and the F. U. Oil Co., of Parshall was incorporated. WEATHER OBSERVATION RECORDERS are handled so efficiently by Mr. and Mrs. C. E. Shubert since 1930. They keep a pre­ cipitation record as well as high and low temperature readings. The work entails a measure of precision recording and ac­ curate readings. THE BOWLING ALLEY officially named "Gateway Lanes" was constructed by Par- shall Development Corporation in 1959. Virgil Miller was hired as first manager and served in that capacity for a little over three years, fn August 1963, Richard Davis purchased the establishment and has operated it since that time. COAST-TO-COAST STORE is an outgrowth of various enterprises down through the years. The south side was built in 1915 and owned by S. T. Hankins who operated a hardware store which Jay Brower later bought. Tom Cooper- was in partnership with Jay Brower for years, finally assum­ ing sole ownership. The north half of the store served as a Pool Hall and Soft Drink business by men named Vick and Galan­ tine. Later Bill Franklin owned a Clothing Store with Tom Cooper later acquiring it for a Furniture Department. Using dif­ COAST TO COAST STORES HOUMWARM ferent titles from time to time as different HAROWAM • AUTO IUPPUM P* partnerships operated successively with Cooper, Brower, Holman, Mursener, and Tom's son, Jack, acquiring an interest in 1940. In 1951, a new front was put on, en­ closing both buildings with Jack assum­ ing full ownership, after- the death of his father. Today, the establishment is known as " Jack and Jean Cooper's Coast to Coast Store at Parshall". — 295 — RESERVATION TELEPHONE COOPER­ ATIVE was chartered in 1951 and began operations January 1, 1953. The first of­ fices were in the present Council Rooms of the Memorial Hall; then operated for a time in what is now Williamson Funeral Home with the company moving to the present location in 1957 upon completion of their new building. F. W. Ahlgren was appointed manager in 1952 and serves in that capacity at the present time. To date, the company has about 3350 phones in service, 13 exchanges, 16 employees and has $2,900,000.00 invested in the plant.

A & J HOTEL was built by a Mr. Gagnon who gave it the name "Utopia" in 1915 and who was the original builder and own er. Andrew ( A. B.) Veum was the second owner of the establishment and he operat­ ed it for 32 years. Melvin Holmen bought the Hotel in 1948. Earl Berner, also, was the owner- for a short time and Alice and Jesse Torgerson purchased the building in 1961 changing the name to the "A & J Hotel" at that time. They are the present operators.

BUSSHORE'S WRECKING SERVICE was established a few years ago and Mr. Bushore is kept real busy continuously. The building is one of the earliest in Par- shall, being built by Everett Doten and Bill Poler for use as an Implement Busi­ ness and Garage, Soon after that Everett moved to Raub to establish a business there and Harry Doten, a younger brother, operated the business here in Parshall. The building has served the purpose for var­ ious uses and storage from time to time down through the years until Mr. Bushore took it over,

PARSHALL DRY CLEANERS have been in business lor 17 years. The building was built by Harold Wall who established the cleaning business therein. F. W. Bertelson bought the place and operated it for four years. Robert Witham was the next owner and he, too, operated the shop for 4% years. Chet Ruland was the next in line and he operated for a 4 year period. Hazel and Robert Spitzer bought the place in I960 and are the present owners.

296 — RAKSTAD BLACKSMITH SHOP has func­ tioned for 30 years here in Parshall. Norin commenced working for Leonard Patten when he first came to town; then set up in business for himself in various loca­ tions throughout the city - east of John Deere Implement and near the site of the present Memorial Hall. At present the shop in use was a garage moved from the Cooper Lot to a location across the highway east of the city with an addition added in 1954.

FARMERS UNION SERVICE STATION with the original building being erected in 1935. A grease-room addition was built in the '40's and another more complete ad­ dition was added in 1950, with the 40'x44' addition added in 1958. Prior to 1935 the service station was located across the street. Jake Spitzer and John Risan oper­ ated this for years. Mr. Spitzer is now de­ ceased but Mr. Risan continues with a force of 4 or 5 men to help him.

WAYNE'S FRIENDLY SERVICE. Edwin W. Nelson built the Mobil Gas Station in 1954, on lots which used to be Nelson's Garage. Chester Hoverson operated the station until Wayne Perry purchased the shop in 1955, and has continued to oper­ ate since, sometimes employing several men to help.

SKOGMO STORE A new building built on the present site in 1960. The Skogmo Stores are affiliated with Gamble-Skogmo since 1961. The building was built by the Parshall Development Corporation and was operated by Ernest Haugen for a time who moved his stock of goods into it from across the street upon its completion. Ja­ cob Unruh is the present manager.

— 297 THE CENTRAL CAFE has had several owners and has been used for several varied businesses, but it as Parshall's First State Bank in 1915 with August Peterson being the main stockholder. In 1917, it was merged with the Farmers Exchange Bank across the street. It, also, housed offices of the Federal Land Bank manager by C. P. Kjelstrup. Several beauty operators have worked from head­ quarters in the building. For a time it served as private living quarters. Edgar Zavalney operated a Gamble Store and a Shoe Shop finally converting it into a Cafe which he operated for 7 years. At present, Bud Zavalney is owner and operator of the Cafe,

RICHARDSON'S STORE D. E. Richard­ son moved his first store (the now vacat­ ed Niche Cafe) to the townsite from across the road east of town in 1914. The present building was built in 1919. It has been en­ larged once and altered some as progress demanded, but has continuously been operated by "D. E." as we all call him. A new attractive front was put on the building in 1956.

MASONIC TEMPLE has housed various businesses since the early days. Tom Cooper used the place as a location for has International Line of parts and ma­ chinery and as a warehouse. Ennie Hau­ gen rented the building for an Army Sur­ plus and Variety Store for a time. The building was sold to the Masons in 1956 and has been remodeled to serve their needs.

GRAfZ'S BAR AND BEAUTY SHOP this building was built by the North Ameri­ can Creamery Association in 1931 and was used for that purpose for some time. The first operator was George Butt. William Solberg bought the place in 1933 and operated a bar there, selling to "Tony" Gratz in 1948, who continues to operate the liar. Mr. Gratz has a small barber­ shop in the rear of the building which he has operated part-time for the last few years.

— 298 WILLIAM F. KAUTT'S RECREATION PARLOR. The present brick building un­ der title of Parshall Billiards was erected by Christ J. Barth. Mr. Barth operated this Pool Room until the fall of 1926 when he sold his interests to Wm. F. Kautt of Ashley, N. Dak. The place was placed out on rental for several years. In April of 1929, having disposed of his other interests in Ashley, Mr. Kault moved his family to Parshall and took over the interests of his own business which consisted of pool tables, tobacco, soft drinks and candy. When liquor was legalized in the state, off and on sales were added to the establish­ ment. Mr. Kautt reached his retirement age in 1960 and turned his business over to his son, Bob, who up to the present hime is the manager of Parshall Billiards.

SCHROEDER MOTOR CO. has been in business for the past, ten years in the building which in years past housed the Erickson-Hellickson Lumber Co., Parshall Lumber Co., and Great Plains Supply. It was completely remodeled in 1955 and reconverted (nearly rebuilt) into the pre­ sent structure. The original is a 50 year old structure. The lumber bunker storage sheds were torn down in 1955, also.

PARSHALL SUPER.VALU building was erected in 1946 by R. J. Ulrich with the present owner, Einar Haugen, becoming the sole owner of the building in 1955, aftei having worked in partnership with R. J. Ulrich since 1948. The south half of the building was a Clothing and Dry Goods establishment operated by Ernest Haugen. In I960 the Dry Goods Dept. vacated to a location across the street, thus giving the entire building to house groceries.

FARMERS UNION LOCKER ASSN.. has been in operation since 1945. The Locker Plant is the reconverted Lokensgard Lum­ ber Yard. A cream station and poultry- dressing plant was in operation there prior to absorption by the Farmers Union. Lud Berntson operated that business in 1938, LOCKEBSEH'ICE .fe selling out to Caroline Nelson in 1942. The , I I CBEA i-POULTRY-EGGS present Co-op setup bought all interests in 1945 and it was then managed by George Risan. Better meat cooling facilities and FiMflS UNION LOCKER ASS r locker boxes were set up in 1947 and Hi­ ram Nelson is the present manager. ii 299 RADIO ELECTRIC. This building is one of Parshall's early business establishments. We think that Lon Austin operated a Lunch Counter in coneotion with a Meat Market in the early years. It, also, housed the 0. K. Cafe. Sometime later Hans Sjol operat­ ed the City Meat Market for quite a period of time. Herb Stall opened up "Radio Electric" in 1945. He leased the building .in 1960 to Ray Wittmayer and Tom Allison for use as "Ray's Sporting Goods & Alli- .son's T. V. Service". In 1962 the business was sold to Ray Dockter who operates the business known as "Dockter's T. V. Ser­ vice" at the present time. Clarence Butler cpened up a Jewelry Store in the south half of the building for a few years. Herb Stall is the present owner of the place.

ANDERSON TRAILER COURT has been in business for 10 years. During the sum­ mer the court is usually full to capacity and they operate on the overage of five trailors. They appreciate the contact made with people all over the United States.

BARTELSON CHICKEN FARM is one of the newest businesses in Parshall. The building was erected at the time the busi­ ness was set up in 1963, and business is very good. Customers all appreciate good fresh eggs.

GAMBLE STORE has served various pur­ poses over the years. J. W. Jones was manager of a Farmers Store there for many years. D. V. Poland, also, served as manager for a time. An I. G. A. Store op­ erated there by Planting and Miking and during that time the place was changed in title to "Red Owl", but continued to be operated by Planting until he moved to California, Paul Nolting, Harold Hiteman, Curtis Keek, Ken Elton and Ken Jones, and Armond Wittmayer have all served as .managers. The building was vacant for a while after Red Owl closed all their stores west of Highway 83. Armond Witt­ mayer started Our Own Hardware in Ap­ ril, 1958 and on January 1, 1962, Don Olson .changed over to Gambles, He quit in Au­ gust of 1963 and Cecil Lawrence is the present manager. Olson still owns the building. — 300 — MOUNTRAIL COUNTY RECORD. The pa­ per business in Parshall has a shifting history, but publishing a paper for the booming town commenced as far back as 1913. For a short time the town had two papers — "The Parshall Post" and "The Parshall Leader. Later "The Parshall Plainsman" and "The Mountrail County Record". Editors serving our needs at first were a man named Smith and David Larin, and are recorded as being our first publishers. Frank "Old Man" Rodgers, Charles and Ralph Wales, Donald Dally and George Cokens. The printing office burned in 1924 while located on the east side of the street near the present Coast- to-Coast Store. Charles Wales replaced the old wooden structure with the brick build­ ing in use today.

CLARK'S TRAILER COURT was set up ten to twelve years ago with it's owners being Mr. and Mrs. Harry Clark of Par- shall. The court has provided trailer space for 30 trailors, and has been occupied al­ most continuously. During the harvest rush season it has been taxed to capacity. It is Parshall's largest and best-equipped trailer court.

TASTEE-FREEZ was one of the estab­ lishments to be erected in 1959, the year that Parshall won the Community Better­ ment Award. A seasonal activity, being very active during the summer. The chil­ dren go wild for a time, when the Grand Opening is announced each spring.

ZA/ALNEY'S LAUNDROMAT. W. R Olson built this building about 1945 and he and Mike Arndt operated the Interna­ tional Harvester Line of machinery with the Chevrolet Car Agency there lor sev­ eral years. Later Creighton Overmoen as­ sumed managership for a trme, followed by Victor Reese. The building was rented by the School District and used as a re- ,pair shop for school busses for a year or two Hoeing used it's facilities as a repair shop for their trucks, etc., for about a year. Ted Zavalney bought the building and has completely remodeled it for use •as a laundromat for the people of Parshall since January 1, 1964. 301 — THE GRAND THEATRE was built by Pete Krogen in the early years of Par­ shall's existence and through the years it has witnessed several alterations, an en­ largement and some remodeling as needed for the increased demand when more up- to-date and modern equipment has been installed. Owners besides Mr. Krogen have been C. P. Kjelstrup and the present owner C. W. Okeson.

PARSHALL GAS CO. This building was erected in 1915 by Edgar and C. P. Kjel­ strup. It housed the Farmers Exchange Bank to begin with and later the Post- office was within it's walls for a time. Addison Hedberg bought the building and started up a propane gas and gas and electric appliance business for a time. Westland Oil Co. purchased the building in 1950 with Charles Butler and Son opera­ ting the business. In 1953 the business was taken over by Leonard Macheel who oper­ ates it at the present time.

GEORGE'S BAR This building was built by Edgar and C. P. Kjelstrup in 1915. It has housed several businesses, namely: a clothing store operated by John Iverson a confectionary operated by Williams Brothers. In 1923 it was sold to George Volimas and Nelcs Marottis who convened it into a restaurant business. George be­ came the sole owner of the establishment in 1948, at which time, he opened up a bar which he continues to operate at the pre­ sent time.

PATTEN'S REPAIR SHOP was built in Parshall by Leonard Patten about 1926 and was located just west of the Peoples State Bank. It has always been used for this type of work. After Leonard Patten's demise in 1947, Leland Patten took the building over and had it moved to it's present location, when it was set on a con­ crete foundation and floor in 1948. It con­ tinues to be used as a blasksmith, welding any kind of precision lathe and milling machine work.

— 302 — TORGERSON BUILDING, probably built by C. H. Withers in about 1915, who held the Aultman-Taylor and International agencies in the early years. Robert Tor­ gerson is the present owner and for years the place has been known as the Parshall Tractor and Implement Business. A ga­ rage has teen in operation in the rear of the building, and at the present time Mr. Torgerson has an insurance office in the front of the building. It, also, housed of­ fice space for the missile program while they were operating in this area, and Ray Gaub operates a garage in the rear of the place at the present time.

HANSEN'S STORE was the first building moved to the townsite of Parshall in 1915. The building was erected by Mr. Sanden at a location east of the highway and as soon as the sale of lots was opened up he purchased the present lot whore the building now stands (this was the highest priced lot at the time). An addition was added at the time the building was moved over. Various owners of the store since Sanden have been Andergard, and Lohman, with the present owner, Steve Hanson, purchasing the building and goods therein in 1950.

*^ GREAT PLAINS SUPPLY CO., was erect­ ed in 1915 with Fred Hankins as the first manager. It went by the name of Bovey- Shute and Jackson Lumber Co., during the first years and has been the leading cor­ I q\4k

C & D DRIVE-IN was built by Ray Witt­ mayer about 1949 and Mrs. Dilley took the managership of a cafe there soon after it's completion. Walt and Francis Knutson op­ erated the cafe very efficiently for a num­ ber of years followed by Richard Holm and by Adrian Baker. Lester Lorvig as­ sumed ownership about this time and Chet and Jane Hoverson were the Cafe operators for a time following this period. After being closed for a few years, Mrs. Jim Bartelson and Mrs. Tom Johnson as­ sumed the managership with Collette and Duane Evenson operating at the present time. PARSHALL POSTOFFICE is located on the ground floor of the Court Shubert building at the south end of Main Street at the present time. The present Charles Phinney home housed the first postoffice for Parshall as far back as 1914. Succes­ sive locations have been Sells Hardware building (between Volimas's Bar and Ma­ sonic Temple and destroyed by fire in 1922); Torgerson Building; 1st National Bank building (Zavalney's Cafe); Farm­ ers Exchange Bank building (Parshall Propane); John Dsere building (Kjelstrup Implement at that time) and the present location in the Shubert Building.Postmast­ ers serving the Parshall office have been: Mrs. David Larin, Mrs. Martin Bohen­ stingl - acting, Tom Cooper, Grace Mad­ sen - acting, D. V. Poland, Mrs. John A. Johnson - acting, John W. Jones, Mrs. Thomas Cooper, Bert Shubert and Ken I. Jones - acting and permanently appornted in April of 1964. THE SHUBERT BUILDING on South Main Street was completed in 1952. It houses THE HOBBY & GIFT SHOP was started the Post Office and the Hobby and Gift by Jennie Shubert in November of 1954 Shop on the ground floor. Upstairs there in the Shubert Building on South Main are four apartments which are always in Street. She deals in Hobby and Gift mater­ demand. The building is owned by Mr. and ials and enjoys the many contacts made Mrs. Court Shubert, there Her assistant is Mrs. Carl Erickson.

STANDARD OIL SERVICE STATION. The .Standard Oil Filling Station was erected after several earlier buildings had been moved out of the space on the corner. The original building was moved back on the lot and an addition added to it in 1951. Managers have been several in this ven­ ture, namely: Neal Twedt, Harry Ahlgren, C. 0. Spitzer, Wm. McGarvey, Emery Nordquist, Earl Nordquist, Frank Probst, Ray Wittmayer, Gordon Evenson. Ray Evenson, George Milbrath, Eddie Kosten­ ko, Don Allen and Daniel Chays, the present operator.

LESTER DIRK'S CARPENTER SERVICE Lester Dirks came to this area in 1947. He left and returned two or three times, but in 1949, he came to stay. His work as a carpenter is unsurpassed in this area, being so much in demand, that his cus­ tomers will wait two or three years to ob­ tain his services. In the picture, he is on top of the roof of the new C. E. Shubert home, which he is at present erecting. Les is handy in other lines of work as well, and Parshall is thankful for his pre­ sence. His headquarters are in his fine new home built on the east side of town. STANDARD OIL BULK STATION was er­ ected in the early days and has been func­ tioning steadily since that time. Capacity lias been increased several times to fill demand. Managers through the years have been Matt Doheney, Mr. Michaels, Art McLaughlin, Joe Probst, Eddie Nordquist, George Milbrath, Clarence Erickson and Robert Mahoney. The area served by this station is massive.

PARSHALL BODY AND REPAIR SHOP The building is owned by George Volimas ,-uid was moved to the present location a few years ago and operated by John Voli­ mas as a Car Body and Repair Shop. Gor­ don Galliger operated a same type of busi­ ness for a time. Russ Hokenson operated a garage in the place for a short while. The ibuildmg has been vacant for short per­ iods but Kenneth Krueger set up a Car- Body and Repair Shop in the fall of 1963 and continues to operate same.

BIRKHOLZ AIR SERVICE is owned and operated by Janice and Maurice Birkholz. This service provides crop-spraying ser­ vice for farmers and also passenger ser­ vice if the need arises. They have hangar- facilities at Parshall Airport.

IVOL BARTELSON'S STOCK MARKET Ivol Bartelson and family moved into Par- shall in the fall of 1946 from the Bartelson Ranch north of the city and "Ivie" as he js better known by, went into the stock- buying business. He has ample yard space, feeding bunks, etc., to accomodate all needs and Parshall merchants appreciate this added convenience very much for they are assured of good fresh meat at all limes, locally.

— 305 LEGION HALL was a part of the old .school at Shell Village. The building was bought by the American Legion shortly •before Shell Village was flooded by the Garrison Reservoir. It has been remodeled .some, with more work in progress, and is used as the Legion meeting place and for other activities.

PARSHALL FARMERS' UNION CO-OP. ELEVATOR CO. Forty-nine years ago the farmers in this area felt the necessity of their own grain-marketing facilities and they desired the privileges that go with the ownersnip and management of their own elevator. Consequently, they built the first Farmers Elevator- in 1915. It's first officers were: H. Damschen, Hans Larson, and P. C. Berntson. Directors were: Buch­ anan, Bertelson, MrFall, Neuman, Otter­ ness, Jameson, Weikert, Soderberg, Knut­ son and Anderson. Jake Damschen was the first manager. Twice their establish­ ment was destroyed by fire and by 1927 an all-concrete elevator was built, thus giving to this area the honor of having the first all-concrete grain elevator in the Great Plains area. And, the building still stands and is in use today. What a fitting memorial to those early pioneers! The need for expansion was apparent and in 1939 with the opportunity to purchase the Rcbideaux elevator they took action and had that ready for service for the 1939 crop. In 1950 a 150,000 bushel annex was added, the office was rebuilt, a weigh room was added and two more steel tanks erect­ ed. In 1959 the Columbian building was set up on the east side of town and a Roller Mill was installed to replace the old feed mill. Now, this cooperative is one of the largest grain elevators in the Northwest with a storage capacity of 750,000 bushels. It has had the distinction of being the larg­ est spring wheat shipper many times. It has grown from a cooperative of $15,000 to one of over a million dollars in assets. Other- managers of this vast enterprise in­ clude the names of: E. E. Robideaux, R. O. Torgerson, F. W. Ahlgren, Albert Spit­ zer, Russell Nylan and the present mana­ ger, Glen Landsiedel.

— 306 — HANKINS AIR FIELD is an outgrowth ol school land purchased entirely by solici­ tations from Main Street and cooperation with Federal Aid in 1951. William Kuehn and Eddie Anderson were the promoters of this venture. The original Air Port Com­ mittee as set up by the Chamber of Com­ merce with Keuhn, Anderson, Mahowald. Blatherwick, Risan and Schram compris­ ing the Executive Board. The Air Field was named in memory of Lieut. F. 11 Hankins, Jr., a night fighter pilot living F67-5N-Hellcat No. 71316. who lost his lilt- in the retaking of the Philippines in Dec. 1944. The Administration Building was constructed at Hankins Field. Parshall's municipally owned airpart in 195). The Runway lights were installed by Lester Dirks. The Beacon is a Federal Aid Pro­ ject of 1952 and was obtained from Air_ lines Flightway. It is equipped with an automatic switch.

THE ADMINISTRATION BUILDING is constructed at Hankins Field which is Par­ shall's municipally-owned airport, in 1951. It was through the insistence of the go­ vernment that this piece of construction was undertaken as there were 30 people flying planes at that time in this area, thus causing a strong possibility of com­ mercialization at. Parshall. The building is a very nice piece of work, suitable for office space and ample storage.

DR. ROBERT BLATHERWICK'S MEDI­ CAL CENTER is a most attractive asset to Parshall, built in 1959 and opened for business early in I960. Dr. Blatherwick came to Parshall to begin his practice of medicine in 1946 alter completing his Army Service. The first offices were over the Drug Store until moving into his new Clinic which has provided an up-to-date medical facility for Parshall and surround­ ing territory. PARSHALL DEPOT, This, of course, came with the railroad and is the age of Par­ shall. Bill Kenady was the first agent at the time the station opened for business in 1914. "Hank" Lindstrom came in 1925 and remained in that capacity for 35 years. He retired in 1960 and the present agent, Thomas Lynch, came at that time. No al­ terations have ever been done to the depot save a little once or twice in the living apartments upstairs.

PEOPLES STATE BANK has been in bus­ iness since April 14, 1914. The first frame building which housed the bank is now a part of Erick Erickson's house. Much al­ tering and improvement has been done over the years to meet the increased busi­ ness and work demanded to accomodate the public. The front has been rebuilt, in­ surance offices and bookkeeping depart­ ments have been added. In 1956 the en­ tire interior was remodeled with new fur­ niture and fixtures being installed. In 1957 the entire basement was remodeled with electric stove, refrigerator, sink and dis­ posal unit installed together with chairs and tables being added to add to the use­ fulness as a Community Room. In March, 1929, the People's State disposed of their assets to the First National but did not relinquish their charter, and in Novem­ ber of 1931, at the urging of the business men and area farmers, the stockholders of the Peoples State Bank reopened for business with E. 0. Lerberg chosen as cashier. He has been active in the man­ agement since that time. After graduating from the University of North Dakota, and since serving his hitch with Uncle Sam, the son, Gary, has been very active in the bank and civic affairs of the city. He presently serves as mayor of Parshall.

CLOUD MODIFICATION SERVICE began business in 1961 with Maurice and Janice Birkholz as owners. This is the only modi­ fication program of this type in North Dakota. At present four aircraft are used in this service.

FARMERS UNION GRAIN TERMINAL ASSN., was built here and operated by Blum and Kroskie to begin with. It was later purchased by Elmer Hemmingson, and who later sold to Terminal Assn., of St. Paul. Wm. Werlinger operated it for a time and now it is managed by Henry Brunsell. 308 HARRY'S BARBER SHOP has been func­ tioning for about 12 years, although not in the same building. Harry operated a Bar­ ber Shop in the building on the east side of the street owned by Lester Schram for several years (Parshall's Location Office in 1916) but bought the Wittmayer building about five years ago and has a nice shop set up there at present. Rosalie and Pat Murphy operate a beauty shop in the building also.

BUTLER JEWELERS has been in busi­ ness in Parshall since 1951. For several years Mr. Butler's Jewelry Store was lo­ cated in a portion of the H. 0. Stall build­ ing, but he moved into the new Wittmayer building as soon as it was completed in 1956. The building is now owned by Harry Pals.

TORGERSON'S UPHOLSTERING SER­ VICE has more work than he can do. Jesse Torgerson operates a complete up­ holstery service in a shop at his home. He refinishes and reconditions furniture and is kept more than busy. Mr. Torger­ son has operated this shop since 1956.

THE "AVON" LADY headquarters in her home and drives her own car. Mrs. Luch­ singer has lived in this area for 51 years with 19 of those being spent here in the City of Parshall. She has been an Avon representative for 13 years. DR. H. D. STEWART'S DENTAL OFFICE is located above the Drug Store and is a due necessity for Parshall. Dr. Stewart is a native of Garrison, North Dakota, and has been with us for five years. He has installed much modern equipment of late. PARSHALL DRUG CO. Elmer Hovey's Drug Store 'a wooden structure) burned down in the fire of '17, and he immediate­ ly went to work to rebuild a brick struc­ ture on the same site which he completed in the spring of 1918. The Drug Store was under joint management for a number of years with various operators and own­ ers, namely: Elmer Hovey, Russell My­ ers, Dr. C. J. Mahowald, W. C. McGarvey, James Jacobson, Mrs. Arlin Mahowald and Lloyd Edwards, Some altering has bc-ii done over the years, particularly when the south half of the building which i.-i.-il l.o house the Kothe Cafe was remod­ eled into the south half of the present Drug Store The upstairs houses the Den­ ny's Ofiice and some apartments. 309 RAY'S SPORTING GOODS was set up several years ago by Ray Wittmayer of Parshall. The present building was built in 1959 and had been rented by Kenneth Berry of Mott, N. D., for use as Parshall's First Laundromat. Later it was rented by Ted Zavalney who continued to operate until moving out in the fall of 1963. Ray then moved his Sporting Goods stock into the building after completely renovating it where he is operating at the present time.

MILLIE'S READY-TO-WEAR SHOP has been operated by Mildred Wittmayer since 1962. The building was erected for this purpose.

PARSHALL DRAY LINE is an outgrowth of the City Dray Line and Feed Barn, and was sot up by William Carmody in Par­ shall's earliest years. It was purchased by Court Shubert in 1924. "Parshall Dray Line" was sold to Albert Erickson in 1959 and he has continued operation of same since that time.

WALSH'S BAR started out in 1916 with a man named Randolph building a Confec­ tionary. Williams Bros., also operated a Confectionary for a short time and then Harry Watson operated a bakery in the building and sold soft drinks and candies. He was followed by Mr. and Mrs. Fay Davis who sold beer, soft drinks and can­ dies. Woodrow Overlie opened the first bar in the building and operated for a time when Robert Walsh took it over about 1954 and has continued to operate since. "Bob" did some quite extensive remodeling about a year ago.

WILLIAMSON FUNERAL HOME. In 1941 Hankins Funeral Home came into exist­ ence and by 1940 it became Hankins-Wil- liamson Funeral and it operated in the present home of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Han­ kins. By 1961, after extensive remodeling the Parshall Dairyland, built and operated by Harold Wall for a time, was reconvert­ ed into the Williamson Funeral Home, and is owned and operated by the present owners, Mr. and Mrs. Wade Williamson.

— 310 - OSBORNE-McMILLAN ELEVATOR CO. The "first" elevator for Parshall has been in business at the present location since 1939. The original was built in 1914, and was owned by the Minnekota Eleva­ tor Co. A considerable amount of improve­ ments have been done over the years. A steel tank on the west side was built in 1949 and 2 steel tanks on the east side were built in 1955. In 1956 and 1957 new, improved driveways were built, a work floor and a new modern office and scale room were added. Managers have been Stengal, Funk, Jacobs, Hanson, Weaver Fundingsland and Rogstad listed in order of their terms of tenure.

SCHOLZ MAGNETO SERVICE has been in operation at this location since Jan. 1, 1950. This building was moved into Par- shall from south of Van Hook and rebuilt to make it suitable for the present busi­ ness. John Scholz is a mechanic and has been in Parshall since 1929. He special­ izes in the Briggs-Stratton line of parts and repair work and does generator, rad­ iator repair, lawn mowers, reboring and light repair jobs of various types.

JOHN DEERE IMPLEMENT CO., has had a number of owners but all have work­ ed under the trade name of "John Deere". This establishment was built by Ole Njos in the fall of 1916 with sole owners and part owners being: A. 0. Fuglie, Chris Braa, Ed Kjelstrup and Wilton Kuehn who owns the establishment at the pre­ sent time when he bought out Mr. Kjel­ strup in the early '50's.

MOBIL BULK STATION is an outgrowth of the International Oil Co., in the earliest years of Parshall's existence and later known as the White Eagle Oil Bulk Sta­ tion. In it's beginning it was owned by a man from Minot named Wilson and Tom E. Holberg was probably the earliest manager. Other managers have been Ed Hintz, Sam Drablos, Al Thorson, Russ Ho- kenson, Kenneth Jones and now operated by George Milbrath.

311 — PARSHALL FIRE DEPARTMENT has been organized since 1915. The Fire De­ partment first functioned as a bucket bri­ gade, followed by an investment of two 40 gallon chemical tank-; which were pulled bv hand. A large bell was the fire call. The first Fire Hall and Jail 'Roy Sund's Barber Shop) were located a half block went of the Peoples State Bank. In 1925 a brick building was built south of Pete Krogan's and an electric pumper with a 1300 barrel cistern, 1800 feet of three-inch hose and two 40 gallon chemi­ cal tanks were added, all pulled by hand. By 1948 the city bought a good fire truck with pump and a 500 gallon water tank, 200 ft. of one-inch hose; 500 feet of 14 inch hose and 1000 feet of three.inch hose. Fire Chiefs serving down through the years began with Elmer Hovey (1st), Christ Barth, Tom Cooper, Ed Kjelstrup, Roy Sund, E. E. Robideaux, Harlan Lyson and Jack Cooper.

PARSHALL ELECTRIC, Ted Shubert is Parshall's only resident Master Electri­ cian and has done electrical contracting since the early twenties. He owns a well- equipped truck for this work and his of­ fice is at his home.

PARSHALL FIRE HALL is a rebuilt es­ tablishment serving the present needs of the city, being originally built bv Court Shubert for use as a Brikcrete Plant in 1947. For a time the building was the headquarters for Court's Dray Line. The City appreciates the place as a storage area for the fire trucks at the present time, plus some office space. 1 y 1 » i I 1 a • ; l : . J !tk l_. .JLv... i a^MgHMMM

312 PARSHALL COMMUNITY WORLD WAR MEMORIAL BUILDING or Auditorium was completed in 1950. This was a ful­ fillment of one of the city's most ur­ gent post-war needs. Constructed of brick. and tile, the 100 by 140 foot building houses one of the finest basketball playing floors in the state, which was extensively used by the school until the new High School was completed recently. The Public Lib­ rary, City Council Chambers, and City Au­ ditor's Offices are located therein. The Hall, located at about the north end of the Business Section of Main Street, has been built on land formerly occupied by the Curtis Blacksmith Shop.

ELTON'S COAL BUSINESS operated for many years by Court Shubert in connec­ tion with the city dray business and taken over about 1951 by Kenneth Elton and Ken Jones, when the two businesses were se­ parated and sold to two different parties.

Happy 50th Birthday Parshall

MAY YOU CONTINUE TO GROW AND PROSPER FOR MANY MORE YEARS.

The Hobby & Gift Shop Court and Jennie Shubert

313 — Signature Page You've helped us print our book, To record the past we treasure, As through these pages we look - Our "Thanks" we cannot measure.

/ -%. .** ""

/ X / .,/ •/-"

1 J ' '-4 ?. "• Toyman ' ***it % "•"'«' or lw>'" ' 'IcvatLi ratrfAon

% s : 1 -^ "*la » , • •J/ . V -• / ;> X i4 rn/ViT V i I'Wtf / v "*•» ""S

(,**» f,.^<^ '"• V 314 — Parshall Business Houses In The Early Years 1914 - 1915 - 1916 West Side of Street East Side of Street Dorms Living Quarters and Garage Show and Dance Hall and Pete Krogan's Darin's Blacksmith Shop Apartment. Torgerson Photo Gallery Pete Krogan's Machine Shop & Twin City Agency B. E. Crippen Law Office Utopia Hotel operated by A. B. Veum Storlie's Hotel C. Elken's Law Office Jail with McKechnie as Policeman Randolph's Confectionary Implement Building with C. H. Withers selling Aultman-Taylor and Interna­ Shillings Notions and Novelties tional Lines Meat Market and Restaurant Edson, first operator A. G. Austin operated a little later Bakery - Herman Haas, proprietor Sjol's Meat Market Kelrn - a small store after World War I Sanden's Store Peoples State Bank - E. B. Kjelstrup, 1917 first cashier. A. 0. Fuglie - H. L. J. Westlie - Holt Garage, 1917 (Ford Agency) Dahl, bankers First National Bank (Central Cafe now) D. E, Richardson's Gen. Merc. & Hdwe Farmers Exchange Bank, 1917 Carver's Confectionary C. P. & Ed Kjelstrup, owners Cap Tangedahl's Hotel John Iverson's General Store Brown & Keene Ladies Ready-to-Wear Nels Larsen Hardware Stenerson Law Office David Larin Newspaper Office E. M. Hovey Drug Store Postoffice (destroyed by fire in 1924) Dr. Frogner's Offices Barber Shop - H. 0. Free, barber Lokensgard Furniture Christ Barth's Pool Hall Crystal Cafe, G. Wamsley, operator Al Vick Pool Hall (Vick was first operator- Red Lalond's Cafe (fire started here that Galantine came later) burned the west side of the street on October 31, 1917.) Barber Shop, Curly Tompers, operator Barber Shop - John Brown, a Negro, was S. T, Hankins Hardware the first barber- Miller Brothers Locating Office Pool Hall and Lunch Room - B. Warren Sell's Store - Gen. Mdse. & Meat Markel and Blackie Dolan, operators Lyson's Hotel Looysen's Mens' Ready H-Wcar Bovey-Shute Lumber Yard, Ellingson and Geiger's Jewelry Store Fred Hankins. Managers Erickson-Hellickson & Vye Lumber Yard Doten and Poler Garage Lester Stead's Livery Stable — 315 Parshall Jubilee Program June 26 - 27, 1964

Friday, January 26, 1964 7:00 — Pancake Breakfast (free to all) (Memorial Hall) 8:30 — Old-Timers Meeting (Memorial Hall) 9:00 — Old Machinery and Displays Open 10:30 — Parade (Main Street) 1:00 — Band Concerts (Main Street) 2:00 — Kiddies Parade (Main Street)

3:00 — Gubernatorial Candidate's Address (Main Street) Democratic 3:30 — Indian Dancing On Main Street 4:00 — Threshing Bee and Baseball Game 4:30 — Style Show (Memorial Hall) 6:30 — Indian Dancing (Pow-Wow or Contest) 10:30 — Dance (Little German Band) till 2 A. M.

Saturday, June 27, 1964

10:30 — Parade (Main Street) 1:00 — Band Concerts (Main Street) 2:00 — Kiddies Parade (Main Street) 3:00 — Gubernatorial Candidate's Address (Main Street) Republican 3:00 — Indian Dancing (Main Streets) 4:00 — Awarding of Prizes - Paraders, Indian Dancers, Kiddies, etc. 6:30 — Indian Dancing -open- 8:30 — Show at Memorial Hall — "The Original Ink Spots" — Square Dancing immediately following show

316

Worth Dakota Sfafe D&rtfjy Bismarck, ND 58505

!orth Dakota St, !flr?Iffi SSsfliarck,Nfl 5850