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2019 in the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU)
THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER FACTS AND FIGURES 2020 2 The University 4 World ranking 6 Academic pedigree 8 World-class research CONTENTS 10 Students 12 Making a difference 14 Global challenges, Manchester solutions 16 Stellify 18 Graduate careers 20 Staff 22 Faculties and Schools 24 Alumni 26 Innovation 28 Widening participation UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER 30 Cultural institutions UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER 32 Income 34 Campus investment 36 At a glance 1 THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER Our vision is to be recognised globally for the excellence of our people, research, learning and innovation, and for the benefits we bring to society and the environment. Our core goals and strategic themes Research and discovery Teaching and learning Social responsibility Our people, our values Innovation Civic engagement Global influence 2 3 WORLD RANKING The quality of our teaching and the impact of our research are the cornerstones of our success. We have risen from 78th in 2004* to 33rd – our highest ever place – in 2019 in the Academic Ranking of World Universities (ARWU). League table World ranking European ranking UK ranking 33 8 6 ARWU 33 8 6 WORLD EUROPE UK QS 27 8 6 Times Higher Education 55 16 8 *2004 ranking refers to the Victoria University of Manchester prior to the merger with UMIST. 4 5 ACADEMIC PEDIGREE 1906 1908 1915 1922 1922 We attract the highest-calibre researchers and teachers, with 25 Nobel Prize winners among J Thomson Ernest Rutherford William Archibald V Hill Niels Bohr Physics Chemistry Larence Bragg Physiology or Medicine Physics our current and former staff and students. -
Proteins: a Theoretical Perspective of Dynamics, Structure, and Thermodynamics
PROTEINS: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE OF DYNAMICS, STRUCTURE, AND THERMODYNAMICS CHARLES L. BROOKS I11 Department of Chemistry. Carnegie-Mellon IJniversity, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania MARTIN KARPLUS Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts B. MONTGOMERY PETTITT Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston, Texas ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS VOLUME L.XXI Series editors Ilya Prigogine Stuart A. Rice University of Brussels Department of Chemistry Brussels. BelRium and and The James Franck Institute University of Texas University of Chicugo Austin. Texas Chicago. Illinois AN INTERSCIENCE” PUBLICATION JOHN WILEY & SONS NEW YORK CHICHESTER BRISBANE TORONTO SINGAPORE PROTEINS: A THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE OF DYNAMICS, STRUCTURE, AND THERMODYNAMICS ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL PHYSICS VOLUME LXXI EDITORIAL BOARD C. J. BALLHAUSEN,Kobenhaven Universitets Fysisk-Kemiske Institut, Kemisk La- boratorium IV, Kobenhaven, Denmark BRUCE BERNE, Columbia University, Department of Chemistry, New York, New York, U.S.A. RICHARDB. BERNSTEIN,University of California, Department of Chemistry, LOS Angeles, California, U.S.A. G. CARERI,Instituto di Fisica “Guglielmo Marconi,” Universita delli Studi, Piazzle delle Scienze, Rome, Italy MORRELCOHEN, Exxon Research and Engineering Company, Clinton Township, An- nandale, New Jersey, U.S.A. KARLF. FREED,The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. ROBERTGOMER, The James Franck Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A. RAYMONDE. KAPRAL, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada WILLIAMKLEMPERER, Department of Chemistry, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, U .S. A. Yu L. KLIMONTOVITCH,Moscow State University, Moscow, USSR V. KRINSKI,Institute of Biological Physics, USSR Academy of Science, Puschino, Moscow Region, USSR M. MANDEL,Chemie-Complex der Rijks-Universiteit, Wassenaarseweg, Leiden, Netherlands RUDYMARCUS, Department of Chemistry, California Institute of Technology, Pasa- dena, California, U.S.A. -
8.701 Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics, Recitation 19
Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Physics Course: 8.701 { Introduction to Nuclear and Particle Physics Term: Fall 2020 Instructor: Markus Klute TA : Tianyu Justin Yang Discussion Problems from recitation on December 1st, 2020 Problem 1: Bubble Chamber Carl David Anderson discovered positrons in cosmic rays. The picture below shows a cloud chamber image produced by Anderson in 1931. The cloud chamber is positioned in a magnetic field of 1:5 T with field lines pointing into the plane of the paper. A cosmic ray particle enters the chamber from below and leaves a circular track. There is a 6 mm thick lead plate in the cloud chamber visible as a horizontal line. The radius of curvature is 15:5 cm before and 5:3 cm after the passage through the lead plate. 1 Figure 1: Cloud-chamber image of a positron. This image is in the public domain. a) Estimate the momentum of the particle before and after the passage through the lead plate. What is the charge of the particle? b) Compare the energy loss during the passage through the lead plate for a proton, a pions, and an electron. For the energy loss calculation, you can use the approximate Bethe formula below and assume constant energy loss. dE Z 1 m γ2 β2 c2 = −4 π N r2 m c2 z 2 ·· ln e (1) A e e 2 dX Ion A β I Explain why this is sufficient to exclude the proton and pion hypothesis. The con- 23 −1 −12 A s stants in the equation are NA = 6; 022 × 10 mol , 0 = 8; 85 × 10 V m , me = e2 511 keV, re = 2 , Z = 82, A = 207, and I = 820 eV, the ionisation energy in (4 π0)me c lead. -
April 17-19, 2018 the 2018 Franklin Institute Laureates the 2018 Franklin Institute AWARDS CONVOCATION APRIL 17–19, 2018
april 17-19, 2018 The 2018 Franklin Institute Laureates The 2018 Franklin Institute AWARDS CONVOCATION APRIL 17–19, 2018 Welcome to The Franklin Institute Awards, the a range of disciplines. The week culminates in a grand United States’ oldest comprehensive science and medaling ceremony, befitting the distinction of this technology awards program. Each year, the Institute historic awards program. celebrates extraordinary people who are shaping our In this convocation book, you will find a schedule of world through their groundbreaking achievements these events and biographies of our 2018 laureates. in science, engineering, and business. They stand as We invite you to read about each one and to attend modern-day exemplars of our namesake, Benjamin the events to learn even more. Unless noted otherwise, Franklin, whose impact as a statesman, scientist, all events are free, open to the public, and located in inventor, and humanitarian remains unmatched Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. in American history. Along with our laureates, we celebrate his legacy, which has fueled the Institute’s We hope this year’s remarkable class of laureates mission since its inception in 1824. sparks your curiosity as much as they have ours. We look forward to seeing you during The Franklin From sparking a gene editing revolution to saving Institute Awards Week. a technology giant, from making strides toward a unified theory to discovering the flow in everything, from finding clues to climate change deep in our forests to seeing the future in a terahertz wave, and from enabling us to unplug to connecting us with the III world, this year’s Franklin Institute laureates personify the trailblazing spirit so crucial to our future with its many challenges and opportunities. -
A Short History of Physics (Pdf)
A Short History of Physics Bernd A. Berg Florida State University PHY 1090 FSU August 28, 2012. References: Most of the following is copied from Wikepedia. Bernd Berg () History Physics FSU August 28, 2012. 1 / 25 Introduction Philosophy and Religion aim at Fundamental Truths. It is my believe that the secured part of this is in Physics. This happend by Trial and Error over more than 2,500 years and became systematic Theory and Observation only in the last 500 years. This talk collects important events of this time period and attaches them to the names of some people. I can only give an inadequate presentation of the complex process of scientific progress. The hope is that the flavor get over. Bernd Berg () History Physics FSU August 28, 2012. 2 / 25 Physics From Acient Greek: \Nature". Broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves. The universe is commonly defined as the totality of everything that exists or is known to exist. In many ways, physics stems from acient greek philosophy and was known as \natural philosophy" until the late 18th century. Bernd Berg () History Physics FSU August 28, 2012. 3 / 25 Ancient Physics: Remarkable people and ideas. Pythagoras (ca. 570{490 BC): a2 + b2 = c2 for rectangular triangle: Leucippus (early 5th century BC) opposed the idea of direct devine intervention in the universe. He and his student Democritus were the first to develop a theory of atomism. Plato (424/424{348/347) is said that to have disliked Democritus so much, that he wished his books burned. -
Appendix E Nobel Prizes in Nuclear Science
Nuclear Science—A Guide to the Nuclear Science Wall Chart ©2018 Contemporary Physics Education Project (CPEP) Appendix E Nobel Prizes in Nuclear Science Many Nobel Prizes have been awarded for nuclear research and instrumentation. The field has spun off: particle physics, nuclear astrophysics, nuclear power reactors, nuclear medicine, and nuclear weapons. Understanding how the nucleus works and applying that knowledge to technology has been one of the most significant accomplishments of twentieth century scientific research. Each prize was awarded for physics unless otherwise noted. Name(s) Discovery Year Henri Becquerel, Pierre Discovered spontaneous radioactivity 1903 Curie, and Marie Curie Ernest Rutherford Work on the disintegration of the elements and 1908 chemistry of radioactive elements (chem) Marie Curie Discovery of radium and polonium 1911 (chem) Frederick Soddy Work on chemistry of radioactive substances 1921 including the origin and nature of radioactive (chem) isotopes Francis Aston Discovery of isotopes in many non-radioactive 1922 elements, also enunciated the whole-number rule of (chem) atomic masses Charles Wilson Development of the cloud chamber for detecting 1927 charged particles Harold Urey Discovery of heavy hydrogen (deuterium) 1934 (chem) Frederic Joliot and Synthesis of several new radioactive elements 1935 Irene Joliot-Curie (chem) James Chadwick Discovery of the neutron 1935 Carl David Anderson Discovery of the positron 1936 Enrico Fermi New radioactive elements produced by neutron 1938 irradiation Ernest Lawrence -
STIX 394372 1 En Bookfront
Quantum Systems in Physics, Chemistry, and Biology Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics VOLUME 30 Honorary Editors Rudolph A. Marcus (California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA) Roy McWeeny (Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy) Editors-in-Chief J. Maruani (formerly Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Paris, France) S. Wilson (formerly Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Oxfordshire, UK) Editorial Board E. Brändas (University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden) L. Cederbaum (Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Heidelberg, Germany) G. Delgado-Barrio (Instituto de Matemáticas y Física Fundamental, Madrid, Spain) E.K.U. Gross (Freie Universität, Berlin, Germany) K. Hirao (University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan) Chao-Ping Hsu (Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan) R. Lefebvre (Université Pierre-et-Marie-Curie, Paris, France) R. Levine (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel) K. Lindenberg (University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA) A. Lund (University of Linköping, Linköping, Sweden) M.A.C. Nascimento (Instituto de Química, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) P. Piecuch (Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA) M. Quack (ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland) S.D. Schwartz (Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA) O. Vasyutinskii (Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg, Russia) Y.A. Wang (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada) Former Editors and Editorial Board Members I. Prigogine (†) W.F. van Gunsteren (*) J. Rychlewski (†) H. Hubač (*) Y.G. Smeyers (†) E. Kryachko (*) R. Daudel (†) M.P. Levy (*) M. Mateev (†) G.L. Malli (*) W.N. Lipscomb (†) P.G. Mezey (*) Y. Chauvin (†) N. Rahman (*) H.W. Kroto (†) S. Suhai (*) H. Ågren (*) O. Tapia (*) V. Aquilanti (*) P.R. Taylor (*) D. Avnir (*) R.G. Woolley (*) J. Cioslowski (*) †: deceased; *: end of term More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/6464 Alia Tadjer ⋅ Rossen Pavlov (†) Jean Maruani ⋅ Erkki J. -
Nobel Lectures™ 2001-2005
World Scientific Connecting Great Minds 逾10 0 种 诺贝尔奖得主著作 及 诺贝尔奖相关图书 我们非常荣幸得以出版超过100种诺贝尔奖得主著作 以及诺贝尔奖相关图书。 我们自1980年代开始与诺贝尔奖得主合作出版高品质 畅销书。一些得主担任我们的编辑顾问、丛书编辑, 并于我们期刊发表综述文章与学术论文。 世界科技与帝国理工学院出版社还邀得其中多位作了公 开演讲。 Philip W Anderson Sir Derek H R Barton Aage Niels Bohr Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar Murray Gell-Mann Georges Charpak Nicolaas Bloembergen Baruch S Blumberg Hans A Bethe Aaron J Ciechanover Claude Steven Chu Cohen-Tannoudji Leon N Cooper Pierre-Gilles de Gennes Niels K Jerne Richard Feynman Kenichi Fukui Lawrence R Klein Herbert Kroemer Vitaly L Ginzburg David Gross H Gobind Khorana Rita Levi-Montalcini Harry M Markowitz Karl Alex Müller Sir Nevill F Mott Ben Roy Mottelson 诺贝尔奖相关图书 THE PERIODIC TABLE AND A MISSED NOBEL PRIZES THAT CHANGED MEDICINE NOBEL PRIZE edited by Gilbert Thompson (Imperial College London) by Ulf Lagerkvist & edited by Erling Norrby (The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences) This book brings together in one volume fifteen Nobel Prize- winning discoveries that have had the greatest impact upon medical science and the practice of medicine during the 20th “This is a fascinating account of how century and up to the present time. Its overall aim is to groundbreaking scientists think and enlighten, entertain and stimulate. work. This is the insider’s view of the process and demands made on the Contents: The Discovery of Insulin (Robert Tattersall) • The experts of the Nobel Foundation who Discovery of the Cure for Pernicious Anaemia, Vitamin B12 assess the originality and significance (A Victor Hoffbrand) • The Discovery of -
Nuclear Energy 2 Editorial out Ofhealthcare Taking Thepollution Unpopular Sector the Benefitsofan Nuclear Energy Tion Whichhasbeenignoredfortoolong
954050_RDT40_EN 19-02-2004 07:51 Pagina 1 a ISSN 1024-0802 Nuclear 15 KI-AB-03-040-EN-C Energy Can we do without it? Environment Taking the pollution out of health care p. 15 Science and ethics Protecting the ‘whistle-blowers’ p. 35 954050_RDT40_EN 19-02-2004 07:51 Pagina 2 2 RTD info N° 40 February 2004 Editorial Science under pressure Sacked or suspended… while others are being individuals acting as the ‘conscience’ of sci- one and the same time. This causes confusion, prevented from publishing – it is not unusual for ence do not always have the legal or legislative conflicts and sometimes irregularities. It blurs scientists who publicly express doubts or fears tools to ensure their voices are heard and their their image and that of science along with it. about the consequences of their research to find rights are respected. In this respect, science is Aware of the problem, the publishers of certain their civic conscience causing them profes- a very human and mundane activity, with its fair journals now require their contributors to cite sional problems. At a time when science is per- share of conflicts, slip-ups and moral issues. the source of their funding as proof that an art- haps too often seen as the universal magic icle deemed to be scientifically correct is not, at Researchers must therefore be able to speak out wand, there is the temptation to have scientists the same time, potentially biased. freely on the ethical aspects of their research, say what the politicians or captains of industry subject of course to the exclusion of ‘denounce- Until researchers speak openly and transparently would like to hear. -
Facts and Figures 2013
Facts and Figures 201 3 Contents The University 2 World ranking 4 Academic pedigree 6 Areas of impact 8 Research power 10 Spin-outs 12 Income 14 Students 16 Graduate careers 18 Alumni 20 Faculties and Schools 22 Staff 24 Estates investment 26 Visitor attractions 28 Widening participation 30 At a glance 32 1 The University of Manchester Our Strategic Vision 2020 states our mission: “By 2020, The University of Manchester will be one of the top 25 research universities in the world, where all students enjoy a rewarding educational and wider experience; known worldwide as a place where the highest academic values and educational innovation are cherished; where research prospers and makes a real difference; and where the fruits of scholarship resonate throughout society.” Our core goals 1 World-class research 2 Outstanding learning and student experience 3 Social responsibility 2 3 World ranking The quality of our teaching and the impact of our research are the cornerstones of our success. 5 The Shanghai Jiao Tong University UK Academic Ranking of World ranking Universities assesses the best teaching and research universities, and in 2012 we were ranked 40th in the world. 7 World European UK European Year Ranking Ranking Ranking ranking 2012 40 7 5 2010 44 9 5 2005 53 12 6 2004* 78* 24* 9* 40 Source: 2012 Shanghai Jiao Tong University World Academic Ranking of World Universities ranking *2004 ranking refers to the Victoria University of Manchester prior to the merger with UMIST. 4 5 Academic pedigree Nobel laureates 1900 JJ Thomson , Physics (1906) We attract the highest calibre researchers and Ernest Rutherford , Chemistry (1908) teachers, boasting 25 Nobel Prize winners among 1910 William Lawrence Bragg , Physics (1915) current and former staff and students. -
(Owen Willans) Richardson
O. W. (Owen Willans) Richardson: An Inventory of His Papers at the Harry Ransom Center Descriptive Summary Creator: Richardson, O. W. (Owen Willans), 1879-1959 Title: O. W. (Owen Willans) Richardson Papers Dates: 1898-1958 (bulk 1920-1940) Extent: 112 document boxes, 2 oversize boxes (49.04 linear feet), 1 oversize folder (osf), 5 galley folders (gf) Abstract: The papers of Sir O. W. (Owen Willans) Richardson, the Nobel Prize-winning British physicist who pioneered the field of thermionics, contain research materials and drafts of his writings, correspondence, as well as letters and writings from numerous distinguished fellow scientists. Call Number: MS-3522 Language: Primarily English; some works and correspondence written in French, German, or Italian . Note: The Ransom Center gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the Center for History of Physics, American Institute of Physics, which provided funds to support the processing and cataloging of this collection. Access: Open for research Administrative Information Additional The Richardson Papers were microfilmed and are available on 76 Physical Format reels. Each item has a unique identifying number (W-xxxx, L-xxxx, Available: R-xxxx, or M-xxxx) that corresponds to the microfilm. This number was recorded on the file folders housing the papers and can also be found on catalog slips present with each item. Acquisition: Purchase, 1961 (R43, R44) and Gift, 2005 Processed by: Tessa Klink and Joan Sibley, 2014 Repository: The University of Texas at Austin, Harry Ransom Center Richardson, O. W. (Owen Willans), 1879-1959 MS-3522 2 Richardson, O. W. (Owen Willans), 1879-1959 MS-3522 Biographical Sketch The English physicist Owen Willans Richardson, who pioneered the field of thermionics, was also known for his work on photoelectricity, spectroscopy, ultraviolet and X-ray radiation, the electron theory, and quantum theory. -
Communications-Mathematics and Applied Mathematics/Download/8110
A Mathematician's Journey to the Edge of the Universe "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." ― Socrates Manjunath.R #16/1, 8th Main Road, Shivanagar, Rajajinagar, Bangalore560010, Karnataka, India *Corresponding Author Email: [email protected] *Website: http://www.myw3schools.com/ A Mathematician's Journey to the Edge of the Universe What’s the Ultimate Question? Since the dawn of the history of science from Copernicus (who took the details of Ptolemy, and found a way to look at the same construction from a slightly different perspective and discover that the Earth is not the center of the universe) and Galileo to the present, we (a hoard of talking monkeys who's consciousness is from a collection of connected neurons − hammering away on typewriters and by pure chance eventually ranging the values for the (fundamental) numbers that would allow the development of any form of intelligent life) have gazed at the stars and attempted to chart the heavens and still discovering the fundamental laws of nature often get asked: What is Dark Matter? ... What is Dark Energy? ... What Came Before the Big Bang? ... What's Inside a Black Hole? ... Will the universe continue expanding? Will it just stop or even begin to contract? Are We Alone? Beginning at Stonehenge and ending with the current crisis in String Theory, the story of this eternal question to uncover the mysteries of the universe describes a narrative that includes some of the greatest discoveries of all time and leading personalities, including Aristotle, Johannes Kepler, and Isaac Newton, and the rise to the modern era of Einstein, Eddington, and Hawking.