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International Journal for Scientific Research & Development IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 3, Issue 12, 2016 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613 Removal of Heavy Metal in the Godavari River Basin Using Corncob Adsorbent Hanit Kumar Thapak1 Maharshi Garg2 Mohammed aqeel3 Govardhan Reddy4 1Assistant Professor 2Student 1,2Department of Chemical Engineering 3,4Department of Pharma Analytical 1,2Jiwaji University, Gwalior (M.P), India 3,4Lupin Research Park, Pune, Maharashtra, India Abstract— In the present case on Godavari River, a few metals were found in Godavari River at time of Idols Immersion& industrial Effluents. These heavy metals are not only danger for human being but also small species present in River. An inexpensive and effective adsorbent was developed from waste corncob for the dynamic uptake of heavy metal. There are various types of adsorbent such as tea waste, rick husk, sawdust etc but activated corncob shows very good as compare to other adsorbents. The results show clear concentration of water on passing corncob adsorbents. Key words: Corncob, Heavy metals, adsorbent, industrial wastewater I. INTRODUCTION Fig. 1: Pictorial view of Godavari River Godavari is one the prominent river of our contry it is second Due to its wide catchment area of river flow and largest river after ganga [1]. it basically originate from wider flow area nearly about 350 major and minor dams are tryambakeshwar in Maharshtra then it flow through Madhya constructed on it also flow though though many industrial Pradesh , telegna ,Andra Pradesh,Chhattisgarh ,odisha and area such as manmad ,nashik due to this the contamination karnataka in all its way it the distance of 14625 kilometer[2] of pollutants are rising above the optimum level which is red and finally it end up in bay bangal it has one the strong light indicator of us. since most of irrigation of peninsular network of tributaries and it from largest river basin in india region is based on this river the industrial pollutants which it is the largest river of peninsular india. are released by industry are creating the problem of biological Godavari river is sacred to Hindus and has Different magnification which is not good for the mankind. the places on its banks that have been places of pilgrimage for alkalinity of waste had disturbed the pH of water and the thousands of years. Amongst the tremendous numbers of presence of heavy metal had not only endanger the aquatic people who have bathed in Godavari river for cleaning her spice but also the human life [4,7]. souls. , Pushkaram fair is held Every twelve years on the banks of the godavari river. Sage Gautama lived with his wife Ahalya in the Brahmagiri Hills at Trayambakeshwar . then village "Govuru" which is now called "Kovvur"[Cow = ఆ푁/屋푁] The couple lived the rest of their lives [3]. Ahalya lived in a nearby place "Thagami" after the British rule which in due course of time changed to the name "Thogummi". The Rishi as reason for Annadanam , started cultivated rice crops and other crops. Lord Ganesh created a holy cow (maaya-dhenu) on the wish of munis, which resembled a normal cow entere his abode and starte deteroriated the rice while he was Fig. 2: Pictorial view of pollutant Godavari River. meditating. he put the dharbha grass on the cow ,Knowing that a cow shall not be treated harshly and to his surprise it II. METHODOLOGY fell dead. “we thought that Gautama maharshi is an Uttama, but he did Go-hatya!” said by munis and muni-patnis . Corn cob was collected from the local market of Gwalior, killing a sacred cow-The Rishi wished to atone for the sin of India and was washed with Distilled water. The collected ‘Gohathya’ . on the advice of the other rishis He went to sample was the dried in tray dryer at 85°C for 12 hours, then Nashik and did Tapas to Lord Tryambakeshwar (Lord Shiva) pulverized and sieved using various size sieves. Finally, 200- .by making the River Ganges flow over the cow The rishi micron size particles were used for further experiments requests the lord to release him from the sin[3] . the Rishi and diverted the river Ganges to flow over the cow where it died III. RESULT AND DISCUSSION which is in "Govuru"by pleased Lord Shiva . The River The sample of water was collected from Godavari River and Godavari is thus born in Nashik and flowing past the village were tested to UV- Spectrophotometer the residual Kovvur and merge with the Bay of Bengal at last. concentration of heavy metals were determined by its wavelengths these are given below [9]-: All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 308 Removal of Heavy Metal in the Godavari River Basin Using Corncob Adsorbent (IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 12/2016/080) Heavy Metals Wavelength(nm) Nickel (Ni) 392nm Copper (Cu) 312nm Zinc (Zn) 310nm Cyanide (CN) 283.2nm Cadmium (Cd) 382nm Lead (Pb) 389.6nm Chromium (Cr) 540nm Arsenic (As) 360nm Mercury (Hg) 396.8nm Tabel.1 Water sample were collected from Godavari River and passed from experimental setup as given below fig.1 then this sample is filtrate from Whiteman filter paper to get final concentration of water sample. Fig. 5: Pictorial views show effect of concentration Godavari River sample on passing corncob adsorbent. The experimental show change in concentration of water (shown in fig.2 & fig.3) on passing corncob adsorbent in 300-600nm wavelength. The removal efficiency of heavy metal is calculated by following formula Metal ion removal (%) = [(C0 – Ce)/C0] *100 Where C0 is the initial metal ion concentration of test solution, mg/l and Ce is the final equilibrium concentration of test solution, mg/l. IV. CONCLUSION Experiment results showed major change of concentration form 300-600nm wavelength on passing corncob adsorbent. Fig. 3: Pictorial View of corncob experimental setup However, percent removal of heavy metal is 31 %( appox.). The final sample is tested from UV- Spectrophotometer by its wavelength then following graphs ACKNOWLEDGEMENT are obtained as shown in figure. fig.2 shows the Godavari I express my deepest sense of gratitude, Prof. P.Rajaram, sample while as fig.3 shows water sample pass from corncob Department of Physics, Jiwaji University Gwalior (Dupty adsorbent. director IEJU Gwalior). He deserves special thanks for his constant encouragement, invaluable guidance, supervision, precious suggestions, insightful advice and faith on me. The technical Support with LLC TEAM SPECIAL 26 (Lupin Ltd.) who were always been highly interactive and I will always be indebted to him for all the knowledge he shared with me. I truly appreciate the space he gave me to work in the area of my interest. I am also thankful to Rustam sir Phd Research scholar IIT Bombay for providing the necessary facilities for completing the work. I am very much thankful to faculty members of chemical department for their valuable suggestions and encouragement that I got during my work. I also express my sincere thanks to all batch mates who helped me in carrying out this work successfully. REFERENCES [1] Adebisi, A.A. 1981. The physico- chemical hydrology of a tropical seasonal river, upper Orgunriver Nigeria. Fig. 4: Pictorial views show effect of concentration of heavy Hydrobiol. 79 (2) : 157-165. metal present in Godavari River [2] Chaturvedi, Y.N. 1985. Observations of pollution of river Yamuna in U.P. Civic Affairs. 32 (11) : 71-75. [3] http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/assess- godavari-pollution-levels-plan-remedial-steps/ All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 309 Removal of Heavy Metal in the Godavari River Basin Using Corncob Adsorbent (IJSRD/Vol. 3/Issue 12/2016/080) [4] Namasivayam C, Prabha D and Kumutha M.,Removal of direct red and acid brilliant blueby adsorption on to banana pith, Biores. Tech,64 (1998) 77–79. [5] Malarvizhi T S, Santhi T and Manonmani S, AComparative Study of Modified Lignite FlyAsh for the Adsorption of Nickel from Aqueous Solution by Column and Batch ModeStudy, Res. Jour. Chem. Sci, 3(2013) 44- 53. [6] Lakshmi Narayanan S, Venkatesan G and Arunkumar C, A Batch Studies on Adsorption of Nickel (II) using Redmud, Int. Jour. Advan. Res, 1(2013) 465- 472. [7] Manjeet B, Diwan S, Garg V K and Pawan R,Using agriculture waste to remove Nickel ionsfrom solutions, Int. Jour. Civ. and Envir. Engi,27 (2009) 108-114. [8] Rudre G, Nataraj A G and Manamohan R N,Using coconut leaves to remove Nickel fromelectroplating industries. Int. Jour. Scien. &Engi. Res, 2 (2012) 1-5. [9] Mohammad Muzzammil, Pradeep Lakher, Kuldeep Chaudhry, Shrashti Jain “Purification of Tighra Reservoir of Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India By Tea Waste Adsorbent”in Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) ISSN : 2454-1362 Vol-2, Issue-3 , 2016. All rights reserved by www.ijsrd.com 310 .
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