Official Journal C 327 of the European Union
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The UK in the European Union: in Brief
The UK in the European Union: in brief Standard Note: SN/IA/7060 Last updated: 15 December 2014 Author: Vaughne Miller Section International Affairs and Defence Section The European Economic Community (EEC) was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957 and the UK joined the EEC in 1973. This Note looks at some of the main events of the UK’s membership of the EEC/EC/EU. This information is provided to Members of Parliament in support of their parliamentary duties and is not intended to address the specific circumstances of any particular individual. It should not be relied upon as being up to date; the law or policies may have changed since it was last updated; and it should not be relied upon as legal or professional advice or as a substitute for it. A suitably qualified professional should be consulted if specific advice or information is required. This information is provided subject to our general terms and conditions which are available online or may be provided on request in hard copy. Authors are available to discuss the content of this briefing with Members and their staff, but not with the general public. Contents Introduction 3 1951– Treaty of Paris 3 1955 – Messina Conference 3 1957 – Treaty of Rome 3 1959 – UK joins European Free Trade Association 3 1961- UK bid to join EEC 3 1967 – French veto of UK EEC membership 3 1969 – Third UK application 3 1973 – UK joins the EEC 4 1975 – UK Referendum on EU membership 4 1977 – First UK Presidency 4 1979 - European Monetary System 4 1981 – EU enlargement 4 1984 – UK Budget Rebate 4 1986 -
Mintage of Irish Euro Coins
Central Bank of Ireland - UNRESTRICTED Central Bank of Ireland Currency Centre MINTAGE OF IRISH EURO COINS FIGURES COMPLETED UP TO 31 DECEMBER 2019 COINAGE DATED 2002 – 2019 2002 2003 2004 2005 20061 20072 2008 2009 1 cent 404,340,000 77,900,000 174,830,000 128,550,000 110,930,000 163,800,000 46,120,000 52,170,000 2 cent 354,640,000 177,290,000 143,000,000 74,650,000 26,550,000 200,940,000 35,800,000 44,250,000 5 cent 456,270,000 48,350,000 82,330,000 56,510,000 89,770,000 136,210,000 61,870,000 11,300,000 10 cent 275,910,000 133,820,000 36,770,000 7,150,000 9,600,000 76,990,000 56,530,000 11,740,000 20 cent 234,580,000 57,140,000 32,420,000 40,490,000 10,360,000 34,470,000 45,970,000 5,390,000 50 cent 144,140,000 11,810,000 6,750,000 17,310,000 7,460,000 8,680,000 1,190,000 2,900,000 1 Euro 135,140,000 2,520,000 1,630,000 6,820,000 4,000,000 5,700,000 2,560,000 3,290,000 2 Euro 90,590,000 2,630,000 3,740,000 13,470,000 5,080,000 12,110,0003 6,080,000 1,010,0004 Total 2,095,610,000 511,460,000 481,470,000 344,950,000 263,750,000 638,900,000 256,120,000 132,050,000 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 20156 20168 2017 2018 2019 1 cent 10,920,000 40,950,000 61,370,000 61,464,000 35,131,000 40,000 210,000 9,170 19980 - 2 cent 3,470,000 4,700,000 11,910,000 34,799,000 3,112,000 40,000 160,000 9,120 19990 - 5 cent 990,000 990,000 1,020,000 1,042,000 1,055,000 1,100,000 80,000 782,980 30,066,180 30,000,000 10 cent 1,050,000 920,000 1,060,000 936,000 1,080,000 9,160,000 2,280,000 189,255 179,800 10,000,000 20 cent 1,000,000 1,140,000 970,000 1,284,000 1,183,000 -
2 Euro Kibris 2008
2 euro kibris 2008 click here to download We offer the lowest price online for the Cyprus 2 euros coin. The coin depicst a cruciform idol from the Chalcolithic period ( BC). [eur]. Jul 10, As from 1 February , only euro banknotes and coins may be The Cypriot 2 euro coin edge inscription Image of Cyprus 2 euros coin. Detailed information about the coin 2 Euro, Cyprus, with pictures and collection Lettering: ΚΥΠΡΟΣ KIBRIS Engraver: Tatiana Sotiropoulou, Erik Maell. Cypriot euro coins feature three separate designs for the three series of coins. Cyprus has been In and , the Mint of Finland was chosen to mint the coins (except the €2 1 Cypriot euro design; 2 Circulating Mintage quantities; 3 Identifying marks; 4 Design National Identifier, "ΚΥΠΡΟΣ (Kypros) and KIBRIS". Worth - Cyprus 2 euro in the coin catalog at www.doorway.ru Edge description, '2 EYPΩ 2 EURO 2 EYPΩ 2 EURO' Obverse, KIBRIS / ΚΥΠΡΟΣ. Find 2 euro kibris from a vast selection of Coins. Get great deals #e Zypern Kursmünzensatz Euro-Set Cyprus * Kibris 1 Cent bis 2 Euro. EUR Find great deals for Cyprus 2 Euro, Shop with confidence on eBay!. Find great deals for Cyprus Euro, Shop with 2 Euro Coin Cyprus Gem Uncirculated Cyprus 2 Euro Cents~Double Ram~Free Shipping. Text picture side: ΚΥΠΡΟΣ KIBRIS (CYPRUS) Text value side: 2 EURO. Design, Picture side: Tatiana Sotiropoulou, Erik Maell Value side: Luc Luycx. www.doorway.ru is a complete online catalog of values for euro coins with daily updated market prices for your Click here to access Cyprus 2 Cent Coin 1 cent, 2 cent, 5 cent, Cyprus, подробнее. -
ANNUAL REPORT 2014 in Charts, the Dots Indicate the Actual Data, and the Lines Reflect the Smoothing Approximation of the Data
ISSN 1407–1800 LATVIJAS BANKA: ANNUAL REPORT 2014 In Charts, the dots indicate the actual data, and the lines reflect the smoothing approximation of the data. The smoothing approximation of the daily data is more distinguished than the curve of the actual data. Details may not add because of rounding-off. – no transactions or no outstanding amounts in the period. x no data available or no computation of indicators possible. 0 the indicator is below 0.5 but over 0, or the result of the computation of the indicator is 0. © Latvijas Banka, 2015 The source is to be indicated when reproduced. Photos: Ieva Lūka and Andris Tenass The cut-off date is 27 April 2015. ISSN 1407–1800 Latvijas Banka K. Valdemāra iela 2A, Riga, LV-1050 Tel.: +371 67022300 Fax: +371 67022420 http://www.bank.lv [email protected] CONTENTS Foreword of the Governor 5 3 Statements of Vision, Mission and Values of Latvijas Banka 8 Economic Environment 9 Global and Euro Area Economic Environment 10 Currency and Financial Markets 10 Real Sector 12 Latvia's Economic Environment 14 Inflation and Prices 14 Gross Domestic Product 15 Labour Market 18 Foreign Trade, Balance of Payments and External Debt 19 Fiscal Developments 21 Credit Institution Developments 23 Money Supply 24 Lending and Deposit Rates 28 Foreign Exchange and Interbank Market 30 Securities Market 33 LATVIJAS BANKA: ANNUAL REPORT 2014 REPORT ANNUAL BANKA: LATVIJAS Operations and Activities of Latvijas Banka 35 Legal Framework and Functions. Latvijas Banka in the Eurosystem and Institutions of the European Union 36 Development, -
Coin Accessories Catalogue 2021
COIN ACCESSORIES CATALOGUE 2021 www.leuchtturm.com Dear collectors, Passion and pleasure are two terms that have linked us, at LIGHTHOUSE, with our accessories for more than 100 years. We are very pleased to publish this Accessories for Numismatists catalogue, containing our extensive range of accessories for coin enthusiasts. More than 6,000 products now bear the LIGHTHOUSE brand name, which has become a symbol of practicality and quality. We are always on the lookout for new, original products which will make your hobby even more enjoyable. Your feedback is very important to us. Please support us with your comments, suggestions and even criticisms. Why not take a look at our bestsellers as well as exciting new arrivals: the new safe disguised as a book can be hidden away elegantly in your bookcase, providing an excellent hiding place for your valuables. Then there are new magnifiers, LIGHTHOUSE ring binders in attractive metallic colours as well as accessories for gold bars that we wish to present to you. If you would like to know more about our coin capsules that actively stop the tarnishing of coins (INTERCEPT®), we would be more than happy to send you our separate flyer. For further details, please contact your local store, or visit www.leuchtturm.com/intercept Here’s wishing you hours of pleasure with your hobby along with our matching accessories for your collection! Kurt StürkenAxel Stürken Max Stürken LEUCHTTURM GRUPPE GMBH & CO. KG · Am Spakenberg 45 · D-21502 Geesthacht · Germany Tel. +49 (0) 4152 / 8 01 - 0 · Fax +49 (0) 4152 / 801 - 222 · E-Mail: [email protected] www.leuchtturm.com GB EURO • Effective 1 October, 2019 • Ref. -
The Euro: a Social Accentuation Experiment
A Service of Leibniz-Informationszentrum econstor Wirtschaft Leibniz Information Centre Make Your Publications Visible. zbw for Economics Molz, Günter; Hopf, Andreas Article The euro: A social accentuation experiment Economic Sociology: European Electronic Newsletter Provided in Cooperation with: Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies (MPIfG), Cologne Suggested Citation: Molz, Günter; Hopf, Andreas (2002) : The euro: A social accentuation experiment, Economic Sociology: European Electronic Newsletter, ISSN 1871-3351, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies (MPIfG), Cologne, Vol. 3, Iss. 2, pp. 26-31 This Version is available at: http://hdl.handle.net/10419/155805 Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen: Terms of use: Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Documents in EconStor may be saved and copied for your Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden. personal and scholarly purposes. Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle You are not to copy documents for public or commercial Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich purposes, to exhibit the documents publicly, to make them machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen. publicly available on the internet, or to distribute or otherwise use the documents in public. Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, If the documents have been made available under an Open gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort Content Licence (especially Creative Commons Licences), you genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. may exercise further usage rights as specified in the indicated licence. www.econstor.eu 1 THE EURO – A SOCIAL ACCENTUATION EXPERIMENT By Günter Molz & Andreas Hopf Justus-Liebig-University Giessen [email protected] The introduction of the euro released both hope and fear. -
E Euro Symbol Was Created by the European Commission
e eu ro c o i n s 1 unity an d d i v e r s i t The euro, our currency y A symbol for the European currency e euro symbol was created by the European Commission. e design had to satisfy three simple criteria: ADF and BCDE • to be a highly recognisable symbol of Europe, intersect at D • to have a visual link with existing well-known currency symbols, and • to be aesthetically pleasing and easy to write by hand. Some thirty drafts were drawn up internally. Of these, ten were put to the test of approval by the BCDE, DH and IJ general public. Two designs emerged from the are parallel scale survey well ahead of the rest. It was from these two BCDE intersects that the President of the Commission at the time, at C Jacques Santer, and the European Commissioner with responsibility for the euro, Yves-ibault de Silguy, Euro symbol: geometric construction made their final choice. Jacques Santer and Yves-ibault de Silguy e final choice, the symbol €, was inspired by the letter epsilon, harking back to classical times and the cradle of European civilisation. e symbol also refers to the first letter of the word “Europe”. e two parallel lines indicate the stability of the euro, as they do in the symbol of the dollar and the yen. e official abbreviation for the euro is EUR. © European Communities, 2008 e eu ro c o i n s 2 unity an d d i v e r s i t The euro, our currency y Two sides of a coin – designing the European side e euro coins are produced by the euro area countries themselves, unlike the banknotes which are printed by the ECB. -
Estimation of Euro Currency in Circulation Outside the Euro Area1
EXTERNAL STATISTICS DIVISION ECB-PUBLIC 6 April 2017 ETS/2017/091 Estimation of euro currency in circulation 1 outside the euro area 1. Introduction Recent empirical evidence on currency in circulation has shown a significant inconsistency between total currency in circulation and the estimates of holdings in various statistical domains.2 Some of the evidence points to the European Central Bank (ECB) estimate of euro currency circulating outside the euro area as a prominent cause of this inconsistency.3 In this context, in 2015 and 2016 the European System of Central Banks (ESCB) discussed alternative methods for the estimation of circulation outside the euro area. A new methodology was approved in December 2016 and introduced on 6 April 2017 with the release of quarterly balance of payments (b.o.p.) and international investment position (i.i.p.) statistics for the last quarter of 2016. The following sections present and explain the new methodology used to estimate euro currency holdings by non-euro area residents. 2. New estimation method: lower and upper bounds Given the large variability in the results of the various estimation methods tested and discussed by the ESCB Statistics Committee (STC) in 2016, it was decided to continue using a linear combination of two methods rather than selecting a single method. Two estimates have been chosen to set boundaries to circulation outside the euro area by establishing a lower limit (an estimate of minimum circulation under certain reasonable assumptions on not observable data) and an upper limit (an estimate of a maximum circulation, also on under certain assumptions). -
5068/07 ADD1 REV 1 TB/Pm 1 DG GI COUNCIL OF
COUNCIL OF Brussels, 21 February 2007 THE EUROPEAN UNION 5068/07 ADD 1 REV 1 UEM 2 ECOFIN 4 COVER NOTE No Cion doc: SEC(2006) 1786/2 Subject: Commission staff working document Annex to the communication from the Commission to the Council, the European Parliament, the European Economic and Social Committee, the Committee of the Regions and the European Central Bank - Five years of euro banknotes and coins Delegations will find attached a new version of Commission document SEC(2006) 1786. ________________________ Encl. : SEC(2006) 1786/2 5068/07 ADD1 REV 1 TB/pm 1 DG G I EN COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Brussels, 20.2.2007 SEC(2006) 1786/2 CORRIGENDUM: Ce document annule et remplace le SEC(2006)1786 du 22.12.2006. Concerne la page 28 de la version EN. COMMISSION STAFF WORKING DOCUMENT Annex to the COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE, THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS AND THE EUROPEAN CENTRAL BANK Five years of euro banknotes and coins {COM(2006) 862 final} EN EN TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction.............................................................................................................................................4 2. General trends of the circulation of euro banknotes and coins................................................................4 2.1. Use of cash as a means of payment in the euro area ...............................................................................4 2.2. Evolution of the circulation level of euro cash........................................................................................5 -
Commission Guidelines on the Implementation of the Regulation 1210/2010
Ref. Ares(2017)3114527 - 21/06/2017 EUROPEAN COMMISSION DIRECTORATE GENERAL ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL AFFAIRS Fiscal policy and policy mix Euro Protection and euro cash ETSC - Guidelines On the implementation of Regulation (EU) No 1210/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 December 2010 concerning authentication of euro coins and handling of euro coins unfit for circulation. (May 2017) Table of contents 1. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 3 2. AUTHENTICATION OF EURO COINS .......................................................................... 4 2.1. Detection test .............................................................................................................. 4 2.1.1. Purpose ................................................................................................................. 4 2.1.2. Test procedure ...................................................................................................... 4 2.1.3. Period of validity of test results ............................................................................ 4 2.1.4. Detection test report summary ............................................................................. 5 2.1.5. Declaration of conformity .................................................................................... 5 2.1.6. Consolidated list of coin processing machines .................................................... 6 2.2. Training practices for manual authentication -
The Road to the Euro
One currency for one Europe The road to the euro Ecomomic and Financial Aff airs One currency for one Europe The road to the euro One currency for one Europe The road to the euro CONTENTS: What is economic and monetary union? ....................................................................... 1 The path to economic and monetary union: 1957 to 1999 ............... 2 The euro is launched: 1999 to 2002 ........................................................................................ 8 Managing economic and monetary union .................................................................. 9 Looking forward to euro area enlargement ............................................................ 11 Achievements so far ................................................................................................................................... 13 The euro in numbers ................................................................................................................................ 17 The euro in pictures .................................................................................................................................... 18 Glossary ........................................................................................................................................................................ 20 2 Idreamstock © One currency for one Europe The road to the euro What is economic and monetary union? Generally, economic and monetary union (EMU) is part of the process of economic integration. Independent -
Number 37 May 2000 Euro Coins from Design to Circulation
EUROPEAN COMMISSION Number 37 May 2000 (XURFRLQV From design to circulation © European Communities, 2000. (XURFRLQV )URPGHVLJQWRFLUFXODWLRQ 'LUHFWRUDWH*HQHUDOIRU(FRQRPLFDQG)LQDQFLDO$IIDLUV EURO COINS 7+(/(*$/%$6(6 7KH7UHDW\ 7KHWZR5HJXODWLRQVRI0D\ &5($7,1*7+((852&2,16 &KRRVLQJWKHQDPH &KRRVLQJWKHGHQRPLQDWLRQVRIWKHFRLQV 'HWHUPLQLQJWKHWHFKQLFDOVSHFLILFDWLRQVRIWKHFRLQV &KRRVLQJWKHFRPPRQVLGHRIWKHFRLQV &KRRVLQJWKHQDWLRQDOVLGHRIWKHFRLQV &UHDWLQJFROOHFWRUFRLQV…………………………………………………………………………..16 352'8&,1*7+((852&2,16 'HWHUPLQLQJWKHTXDQWLWLHVWRSURGXFH &RQWUROOLQJTXDOLW\ 3527(&7,1*7+((852&2,16« )LOLQJDFRS\ULJKWRQWKHFRPPRQVLGHV 3UHYHQWLQJDQGVXSSUHVVLQJFRXQWHUIHLWLQJ ,1752'8&,1*7+((852&2,16 )LQDOLVLQJWKHVFKHGXOHIRUWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIWKHFRLQV 'HILQLQJWKHOHQJWKRIWKHSHULRGRIGXDOFLUFXODWLRQ ,1)250$7,216+((76 1R7KHFKRLFHRIWKHHXURV\PERO««««««««««««««««««««««««« 1R6LWXDWLRQRI0RQDFR9DWLFDQ&LW\DQG6DQ0DULQR« 1R8VHIXO,QWHUQHWOLQNV« 1R$GGUHVVHVDQGFRQWDFWVRIWKHFRLQWHVWLQJFHQWUHV« $11(;(6 $UWLFOH H[D RIWKH7UHDW\HVWDEOLVKLQJWKH(XURSHDQ&RPPXQLW\« &RXQFLO5HJXODWLRQ (& 1RRI0D\RQWKHLQWURGXFWLRQRIWKHHXUR &RXQFLO 5HJXODWLRQ (& 1R RI 0D\ RQ GHQRPLQDWLRQV DQG WHFKQLFDO VSHFLILFDWLRQV RI HXUR FRLQV LQWHQGHGIRUFLUFXODWLRQ««« 2/45 &RXQFLO5HJXODWLRQ (& 1RRI)HEUXDU\DPHQGLQJ5HJXODWLRQ (& 1RRQGHQRPLQDWLRQV DQGWHFKQLFDOVSHFLILFDWLRQVRIHXURFRLQVLQWHQGHGIRUFLUFXODWLRQ««««««««« &RPPLVVLRQ5HFRPPHQGDWLRQRI-DQXDU\FRQFHUQLQJFROOHFWRUFRLQVPHGDOVDQGWRNHQV«« 5HSRUWIURPWKH&ROOHFWRU&RLQ6XEJURXSRIWKH0':*IRUWKH(XUR&RLQ6XEFRPPLWWHHRIWKH()&«« &RXQFLO 'HFLVLRQ RI $SULO H[WHQGLQJ (XURSRO V PDQGDWH