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Guidance on Identification of Alternatives to New Pops
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants Guidance on identification of alternatives to new POPs Secretariat of the Stockholm Convention Concept of “Substitution” under the Stockholm Convention • The substitution is a strategy promoted by the Stockholm Convention to reach its objectives • Parties that are still producing or using the new POPs listed in Annex A, will need to search and identify alternatives to replace them • In the case of PFOS and for the exemptions for uses allowed by the Convention, these group of chemicals will be eventually prohibited and Parties are therefore encouraged to find alternatives to substitute them 2 Availability of alternatives • Currently, some countries have phased out the use of some of the new POPs, and there are feasible alternatives available to replace them Alternatives Chemical Name Use Ethoprop, oxamyl Pesticide to control banana root borer Cyfluthrin, Imidacloprid Pesticide to control tobacco wireworms Azadirachtin, bifenthrin, boric acid, carbaryl, Pesticide to control capsaicin, cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, ants and/or deltamethrin, diazinon, dichlorvos, cockroaches esfenvalerate, imidacloprid, lamda-cyhalothrin, Chlordecone malathion, permethrin, piperonyl butoxide, pyrethrins, pyriproxyfen, resmethrin, s- bioallerthrin, tetramethrin Bacillus thuringiensis, cultural practices such Pest management as crop rotation, intercropping, and trap cropping; barrier methods, such as screens, and bagging of fruit; use of traps such as pheromone and light traps to attract and kill insects. 3 -
Isothiazolinone
Patient Information Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone Your TRUE TEST ® indicates that you have a contact allergy to Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone. Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone in contact with your skin may result in dermatitis. Brief or occasional contact may not pose a problem. Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone (Kathon CG ®) is a preservative with a broad spectrum of application, and is effective against bacteria, fungi, yeast and algae. Where is Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone found? Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone is found in many cosmetics and toiletries such as moisturizers, foundations, powders, self-tanners, sunscreens, makeup removers, eye shadows, mascaras, shampoos, liquid soaps, hair conditioners, gels, baby wipes, some toilet papers etc. It is found in topical medicines, detergents, fabric softeners, cleansers, pesticides and polishes. Industrially Cl+ Me- Isothiazolinone is used as a preservative in waterbased metalworking fluids, water-cooling and slime control agents in paper mills. It may be found in water based paints/lacquers, cleaning agents, printing inks, coloring agents, curing agents, adhesives and glues, impregnating agents and radiography liquids. If you are very sensitive you may react to airborne Cl+ Me- Isothiazolinone released from newly painted rooms where water based paints have been used. 2012 ©SmartPractice Denmark Page 1 of 2 How to avoid Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone It is important to use only ingredient-labeled cosmetics and other skin care products that do not list Cl+ Me– Isothiazolinone or any of its synonyms on the label. Avoid exposure to chemicals containing Cl+ Me- Isothiazolinone such as water based surface coatings. If you suspect that you are being exposed to this allergen at work, consult your employer regarding Material Safety Data Sheets. -
Transport of Dangerous Goods
ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS Model Regulations Volume I Sixteenth revised edition UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2009 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Copyright © United Nations, 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the United Nations. UNITED NATIONS Sales No. E.09.VIII.2 ISBN 978-92-1-139136-7 (complete set of two volumes) ISSN 1014-5753 Volumes I and II not to be sold separately FOREWORD The Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods are addressed to governments and to the international organizations concerned with safety in the transport of dangerous goods. The first version, prepared by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, was published in 1956 (ST/ECA/43-E/CN.2/170). In response to developments in technology and the changing needs of users, they have been regularly amended and updated at succeeding sessions of the Committee of Experts pursuant to Resolution 645 G (XXIII) of 26 April 1957 of the Economic and Social Council and subsequent resolutions. -
Pesticide Registration Review; Testing, Vehicle Testing, and Modeling Proposed Interim Decisions for Several A
Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 218 / Tuesday, November 12, 2019 / Notices 61055 mile benefit. Finally, Calsonic Kansei ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION number: (703) 305–7106; email address: used the LCCP model to estimate the AGENCY [email protected]. benefits of the technology, and this [EPA–HQ–OPP–2017–0750; FRL–10001–71] SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: modeling also supported a credit value I. General Information of 1.1 grams/mile. Details of the bench Pesticide Registration Review; testing, vehicle testing, and modeling Proposed Interim Decisions for Several A. Does this action apply to me? are available in Nissan’s application. Pyrethroids; Notice of Availability This action is directed to the public III. EPA Decision Process AGENCY: Environmental Protection in general, and may be of interest to a Agency (EPA). wide range of stakeholders including EPA has reviewed the applications for environmental, human health, farm ACTION: Notice. completeness and is now making the worker, and agricultural advocates; the applications available for public review SUMMARY: This notice announces the chemical industry; pesticide users; and and comment as required by the availability of EPA’s proposed interim members of the public interested in the regulations. The off-cycle credit registration review decisions and opens sale, distribution, or use of pesticides. applications submitted by the a 60-day public comment period on the Since others also may be interested, the manufacturer (with confidential proposed interim decisions for the Agency has not attempted to describe all business information redacted) have following pesticides: cyphenothrin, the specific entities that may be affected been placed in the public docket (see flumethrin, imiprothrin, by this action. -
(Bpeo) Assessment: Discharge of Fish Farm Chemical Treatment Agents from a Wellboat
MARINE (SCOTLAND) ACT 2010, PART 4: MARINE LICENSING BEST PRACTICABLE ENVIRONMENTAL OPTION (BPEO) ASSESSMENT: DISCHARGE OF FISH FARM CHEMICAL TREATMENT AGENTS FROM A WELLBOAT 1. Introduction 1.1 Background to application This Best Practicable Environmental Option (BPEO) assessment supports an application for a sea disposal licence under the Marine (Scotland) Act 2010, Part 4, Marine licensing. The purpose of this application is to ensure that all possible options are available as a treatment disposal method which in turn allows greater flexibility and allows all options for the fish to have an effective treatment when needed. The sites currently use tarpaulin treatments to administer any necessary sea lice medicines however as a responsible operator we are ensuring that all treatment methods are available to use to use to ensure best welfare of the stock. 1.2 Source of materials List the treatment products you wish to discharge following treatment. Excis, Alphamax, AMX, Salmosan, Salmosan Vet, Azasure or Paramove 50 E.g. Materials –Excis- are supplied by: Materials are manufactured by: Novartis Animal Health UK Ltd Vericore Ltd New Cambridge House Kinnoull Road Litlington Kingsway West Nr Royston Dundee DD2 3XR Herts SG8 0SS Alphamax/AMX Materials are supplied by:- AMX™ Company name:PHARMAQ Limited Address:Unit 15, Sandleheath Industrial Estate Fordingbridge, Hampshire SP6 1PA Telephone:01425 656081 Fax:01425 657992 Materials are manufactured by:- PHARMAQ AS Skogmo Industriomrade N-7863 OVERHALLA, Norway Tel - +47 74 28 08 00 Email:[email protected] Website:www.pharmaq.no Salmosan/Salmosan Vet Manufacturer/Supplier: Fish Vet Group Tel: +44 (0) 1463 717774 22 Carsegate Road Fax: +44 (0) 1463 717775 Inverness eMail: [email protected] IV3 8EX Scotland UK · Further information obtainable from: +44 (0) 1463 717774 eMail: [email protected] · Emergency telephone number: UK : +44 (0) 845 0093342 International: +44 (0) 1233 849729 (24/7) AZASURE Materials are supplied by:- Europharma Scotland Ltd. -
Genetically Modified Baculoviruses for Pest
INSECT CONTROL BIOLOGICAL AND SYNTHETIC AGENTS This page intentionally left blank INSECT CONTROL BIOLOGICAL AND SYNTHETIC AGENTS EDITED BY LAWRENCE I. GILBERT SARJEET S. GILL Amsterdam • Boston • Heidelberg • London • New York • Oxford Paris • San Diego • San Francisco • Singapore • Sydney • Tokyo Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier Academic Press, 32 Jamestown Road, London, NW1 7BU, UK 30 Corporate Drive, Suite 400, Burlington, MA 01803, USA 525 B Street, Suite 1800, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, USA ª 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved The chapters first appeared in Comprehensive Molecular Insect Science, edited by Lawrence I. Gilbert, Kostas Iatrou, and Sarjeet S. Gill (Elsevier, B.V. 2005). All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Permissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (þ44) 1865 843830, fax (þ44) 1865 853333, e-mail [email protected]. Requests may also be completed on-line via the homepage (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/permissions). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Insect control : biological and synthetic agents / editors-in-chief: Lawrence I. Gilbert, Sarjeet S. Gill. – 1st ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-12-381449-4 (alk. paper) 1. Insect pests–Control. 2. Insecticides. I. Gilbert, Lawrence I. (Lawrence Irwin), 1929- II. Gill, Sarjeet S. SB931.I42 2010 632’.7–dc22 2010010547 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-12-381449-4 Cover Images: (Top Left) Important pest insect targeted by neonicotinoid insecticides: Sweet-potato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci; (Top Right) Control (bottom) and tebufenozide intoxicated by ingestion (top) larvae of the white tussock moth, from Chapter 4; (Bottom) Mode of action of Cry1A toxins, from Addendum A7. -
4. Chemical and Physical Information
PYRETHRINS AND PYRETHROIDS 131 4. CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL INFORMATION 4.1 CHEMICAL IDENTITY The naturally-occurring pyrethrins, extracted from chrysanthemum flowers, are esters of chrysanthemic acid (Pyrethrin I, Cinerin I, and Jasmolin I) and esters of pyrethric acid (Pyrethrin II, Cinerin II, and Jasmolin II). In the United States, the pyrethrum extract is standardized as 45–55% w/w total pyrethrins. The typical proportion of Pyrethrins I to II is 0.2:2.8, while the ratio of pyrethrins:cinerins:jasmolins is 71:21:7 (Tomlin 1997). Information regarding the chemical identity of the pyrethrins is presented in Table 4-1. Pyrethroids are synthetic esters derived from the naturally-occurring pyrethrins. One exception to the axiom that all pyrethroids are esters of carboxylic acids is noteworthy. There is a group of oxime ethers that exhibits insecticidal activity similar in nature to the pyrethrins and pyrethroid esters (Davies 1985). Little data exist regarding these compounds, and no commercial products have been produced. Commercially available pyrethroids include allethrin, bifenthrin, bioresmethrin, cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate (fenvalerate), flucythrinate, flumethrin, fluvalinate, fenpropathrin, permethrin, phenothrin, resmethrin, tefluthrin, tetramethrin, and tralomethrin. Information regarding the chemical identity of pyrethroids is shown in Table 4-2. With the exception of deltamethrin, pyrethroids are a complex mixture of isomers rather than one single pure compound. For pyrethroids possessing the cyclopropane moiety, isomerism about the cyclopropane ring greatly influences the toxicity of these insecticides. The presence of two chiral centers in the ring results in two pairs of diastereomers. The diastereomers and their nonsuperimposable mirror images (enantiomers) are illustrated in Figure 4-1. -
Kinetic Study of Hydrolysis of Tri-2,5-Diethoxy Aniline Phosphate (An Organo Phosphorus Pesticide) in Acid Medium
International Journal of Chemistry February, 2010 Kinetic Study of Hydrolysis of Tri-2,5-diethoxy Aniline Phosphate (An Organo Phosphorus Pesticide) in Acid Medium Alka Tangri Dept. of Chemistry, Brahmanand P.G. College, Kanpur Flat No.- 38 Ram Kuthr 3A/206, Azad Nagar, Kanpur (U.P.), India Tel: 91-983-950-1085 E-mail: [email protected] Pradeep Mishra Dept. of Chemistry, Brahmanand P.G. College, Kanpur 113/115-A, Swaroop Nagar, Kanpur (U.P.), India Tel: 91-983-911-6593 E-mail: [email protected] Praveen Kumar (Corresponding author) Dayanand, Near the Railway Station Road Rura, Kanpur Dehat (U.P.), India Tel: 91-933-544-9365 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The present work pertains to synthesis, kinetic behavior and mechanism of hydrolysis of some organophosphorus pesticides. The compound investigated here was 2,5-diethoxyaniline in particular. The corresponding tri-phosphate ester was prepared in the laboratory by phosphorylation with POCI3. The process involved is that of the substitution of –OH group of orthophosphoric acid by aryl radical. The kinetics of the hydrolysis of the above ester was studied in acidic media. The acid employed was HCI. In acidic media, hydrolysis was carried out at three different temperatures 80, 90 and 980C (keeping other parameters of the experiment unchanged). The rate of hydrolysis is found to follow the Arrhenius equation. The values of the Arrhenius parameters-energy of activation and change of entropy-point to the bimolecular nature of the hydrolysis of the triester. It can be inferred from the ionic strength data in the range 0.01 to 5 M-HCI, the reactive species of the present triester is conjugate acid species. -
Pyrethroid Registration: Review and Updates Daniel Dawson, Phd AMCA Legislative and Regulatory Committee Chemical Control Subcommittee Talk Outline
Pyrethroid Registration: Review and Updates Daniel Dawson, PhD AMCA Legislative and Regulatory Committee Chemical Control Subcommittee Talk Outline Pyrethroid Overview Re-registration Registration Food Quality Protection Act Safety Factor Pyrethroids Synthetic pyrethrins Natural pesticides derived from chrysanthemums Neurotoxic Mode of Action Sodium channel blocker Paralyzes effected organism Toxic to arthropods Generally of low toxicity to vertebrates Can be toxic to fish Pyrethrin I Pyrethroids Pyrethrins degrade rapidly via solar radiation Pyrethroids chemically altered Be more resistant to solar degredation Resmethrin: Class 1 Pyrethroid Increase bio-activity Useful for Agricultural production Pest control Vector risk Changes bring increased risks Humans Cypermethrin: Class 2 Pyrethroid Non-target species Cyano-group Pyrethroid Use >3500 registered products Pets Treated Clothing Agriculture Mosquito Control Permethrin Resmethrin D-Phenothrin Re-registration As part of the Federal Insecticide Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA): Pesticides registered before 1984 had to be reviewed Ensure compliance with scientific and regulatory standards Authorized reregistration reviews 1988 Scientific studies Input from stakeholders Summarized in Reregistration Eligibility Decisions (REDs) Completed some 384 “cases” of pesticides by 2008 Concurrently, the Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) required the reassessment tolerances of pesticides in food for human safety Completed 99% of tolerance assessment -
Isothiazolinone Content of US Consumer Adhesives: Ultrahigh- Performance Liquid Chromatographic Mass Spectrometry Analysis
HHS Public Access Author manuscript Author ManuscriptAuthor Manuscript Author Dermatitis Manuscript Author . Author manuscript; Manuscript Author available in PMC 2020 March 01. Published in final edited form as: Dermatitis. 2019 ; 30(2): 129–134. doi:10.1097/DER.0000000000000455. Isothiazolinone Content of US Consumer Adhesives: Ultrahigh- Performance Liquid Chromatographic Mass Spectrometry Analysis Molly C. Goodier, BS*,†, Lun-Yi Zang, PhD‡, Paul D. Siegel, PhD‡, and Erin M. Warshaw, MD, MS†,§,∥ * University of Minnesota School of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, MN † Department of Dermatology, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center, MN ‡ Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV § Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV ∥ Park Nicollet Contact Dermatitis Clinic, Minneapolis, MN. Abstract Background: There are limited data regarding the prevalence and concentration of isothiazolinone preservatives in consumer adhesives. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and concentration of 5 specific isothiazolinones (methylisothiazolinone [MI], methylchloroisothiazolinone [MCI], benzisothiazolinone [BIT], butyl BIT, and octylisothiazolinone) in US adhesives. Methods: Thirty-eight consumer adhesives were analyzed using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatographic–mass spectrometry. Fisher exact tests were used to test for isothiazolinone content and: 1) glue format (2) application purpose and 3) extraction method. Results: Nineteen adhesives (50%) had at least 1 isothiazolinone, and 15 contained 2 isothiazolinones. Frequencies and concentrations were as follows:MI (44.7%; 4–133 ppm), MCI (31.6%; 7–27 ppm), BIT (15.8%; 10–86 ppm), and octylisothiazolinone (2.6%; 1 ppm). Butyl BIT was not detected in any of the adhesives. -
(Aegls) for TRIMETHYL PHOSPHITE CAS Reg. No. 121-45-9
ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS (AEGLs) FOR TRIMETHYL PHOSPHITE CAS Reg. No. 121-45-9 INTERIM TRIMETHYL PHOSPHITE Interim: Sep-2010 1 2 ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS (AEGLs) 3 FOR 4 TRIMETHYL PHOSPHITE 5 CAS Reg. No. 121-45-9 6 7 8 9 PROPOSED 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 2 TRIMETHYL PHOSPHITE Interim: Sep-2010 1 2 3 PREFACE 4 5 Under the authority of the Federal Advisory Committee Act (FACA) P. L. 92-463 of 6 1972, the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous 7 Substances (NAC/AEGL Committee) has been established to identify, review and interpret 8 relevant toxicologic and other scientific data and develop AEGLs for high priority, acutely toxic 9 chemicals. 10 11 AEGLs represent threshold exposure limits for the general public and are applicable to 12emergency exposure periods ranging from 10 minutes to 8 hours. Three levels C AEGL-1, 13AEGL-2 and AEGL-3 C are developed for each of five exposure periods (10 and 30 minutes, 1 14 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours) and are distinguished by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. 15 The three AEGLs are defined as follows: 16 17 AEGL-1 is the airborne concentration (expressed as parts per million or milligrams per 18 cubic meter [ppm or mg/m3]) of a substance above which it is predicted that the general 19 population, including susceptible individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or 20 certain asymptomatic, non-sensory effects. However, the effects are not disabling and are 21 transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure. -
B REGULATION (EC) No 1334/2008 of the EUROPEAN
2008R1334 — EN — 13.05.2016 — 011.001 — 1 This document is meant purely as a documentation tool and the institutions do not assume any liability for its contents ►B REGULATION (EC) No 1334/2008 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 16 December 2008 on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods and amending Council Regulation (EEC) No 1601/91, Regulations (EC) No 2232/96 and (EC) No 110/2008 and Directive 2000/13/EC (Text with EEA relevance) (OJ L 354, 31.12.2008, p. 34) Amended by: Official Journal No page date ►M1 Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 872/2012 of 1 October L 267 1 2.10.2012 2012 ►M2 Commission Regulation (EU) No 545/2013 of 14 June 2013 L 163 15 15.6.2013 ►M3 Commission Regulation (EU) No 985/2013 of 14 October 2013 L 273 18 15.10.2013 ►M4 Commission Regulation (EU) No 246/2014 of 13 March 2014 L 74 58 14.3.2014 ►M5 Commission Regulation (EU) No 1098/2014 of 17 October 2014 L 300 41 18.10.2014 ►M6 Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/648 of 24 April 2015 L 107 15 25.4.2015 ►M7 Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1102 of 8 July 2015 L 181 54 9.7.2015 ►M8 Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/1760 of 1 October 2015 L 257 27 2.10.2015 ►M9 Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/54 of 19 January 2016 L 13 40 20.1.2016 ►M10 Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/55 of 19 January 2016 L 13 43 20.1.2016 ►M11 Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/178 of 10 February 2016 L 35 6 11.2.2016 ►M12 Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/637 of 22 April 2016 L 108 24 23.4.2016 2008R1334 — EN — 13.05.2016 — 011.001