DOCSLIB.ORG

Antigua and Barbuda

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

© 2009 BirdLife International Juan de Dios Martínez Mera N35-76 y Av. Portugal Casilla 17-17-717 Quito, Ecuador. Tel: +593 2 2277059 Fax: +593 2 2469838 [email protected] www.birdlife.org BirdLife International is a UK-registered charity No. 1042125 ISBN: 978-9942-9959-0-2 Recommended citation: DEVENISH, C., DÍAZ FERNÁNDEZ, D. F., CLAY, R. P., DAVIDSON, I. & YÉPEZ ZABALA,I.EDS. (2009) Important Bird Areas Americas - Priority sites for biodiversity conservation. Quito, Ecuador: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 16). To cite this chapter: PROSPER, J., JOSEPH, V., OTTO, A. & PROSPER,S. (2009) Antigua and Barbuda. Pp 53 - 58 in C. Devenish, D. F. Díaz Fernández, R. P. Clay, I. Davidson & I. Yépez Zabala Eds. Important Bird Areas Americas - Priority sites for biodiversity conservation. Quito, Ecuador: BirdLife International (BirdLife Conservation Series No. 16). The purpose of the information contained in this book is to support conservation initiatives in the Americas, for which it may be reproduced. Using this information for commercial purposes is not permitted. If part or all of this information is used or included in any other publication, BirdLife International must be cited as copyright holder. Those who provided illustrations or photographs in this book have copyright over them and these are not permitted to be reproduced separately to the texts accompanying them. The presentation of material in this book and the geographical designations employed do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of BirdLife International concerning the legal status of any country, territory or area, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Membership of BirdLife International does not imply any opinion or position with respect to sovereignty issues on the part of BirdLife International Partner organizations. Graphic design: Alejandro Miranda Baldares ([email protected]) Translations: Christian Devenish, Ítala Yépez Zabala & Amiro Pérez-Leroux Maps: David F. Díaz Fernández, Ítala Yépez Zabala & Christian Devenish Edition of Spanish language country chapters: Ítala Yépez Zabala, Carlos Huertas Sánchez & David F. Díaz Fernández Graphic design volunteer (Spanish language country chapters): Adriana Valencia Tapia 3ULQWHGLQ(FXDGRUE\3ROLJUi¿FD&$ This publication and all country/territory chapters in their native languages are available for download at www.birdlife.org/ 0TWVY[HU[)PYK(YLHZAMERICAS /1ÊEÊ , 1 1VZLWO7YVZWLY=PJ[VY1VZLWO(UKYLH6[[V :OHULL7YVZWLY ;OLLUKLTPJHUK5LHY;OYLH[LULK)HYI\KH>HYISLY+LUKYVPJHZ\IP[HPZVUS` 53 YLWYLZLU[LKPUVUL0)(*VKYPUN[VU3HNVVUHUK[OL*YLLR(. 7OV[V!(UKYL^+VIZVU *V\U[Y`MHJ[ZH[HNSHUJL (YLH! RT2 7VW\SH[PVU! *HWP[HS! :[1VOU»Z (S[P[\KL! ¶T 5\TILYVM0)(Z! 11 ;V[HS0)(HYLH! OH 0)(JV]LYHNLVMSHUKHYLH! 13% ;V[HSU\TILYVMIPYKZ! 182 .SVIHSS`[OYLH[LULKIPYKZ! 1 .SVIHSS`[OYLH[LULKIPYKZPU0)(Z! 1 *V\U[Y`LUKLTPJZ! 1 .LULYHSPU[YVK\J[PVU The nation of Antigua and Barbuda comprises three main islands – Antigua, Barbuda and Redonda – all at the northern end of the Lesser Antilles. Antigua is the largest island (280 km2) and lies 40 km northeast of Montser- rat (to the UK), 67 km east of Nevis (St Kitts and Nevis) and 60 km north of Guadeloupe (to France). Barbuda is smaller (161 km2) and located 42 km north of Antigua. Redonda is the smallest island (just 2.1 km2) and is situated 45 km west-south-west of Antigua, between Nevis (St Kitts and Nevis, 25 km to the northwest) and Montserrat (20 km southeast). Antigua and Barbuda are emergent parts of a 3400 km2 submarine platform. The depth of water between the two islands is just 27 to 33 m. Antigua is 19 km across (east to west) and 15 km from north to south. It has an intricate, deeply indented coastline with numerous islands, creeks, inlets and associated sand-bars (behind which wetlands KDYHGHYHORSHG $ODUJHSRUWLRQRIWKHHDVWQRUWKDQGVRXWKFRDVWVDUHSURWHFWHGE\IULQJLQJUHHIV$ÁDWORZ lying dry central plain gives rise to gently rolling limestone hills and valleys (vegetated with xeric scrub) in the north and east. The higher, volcanic mountains of the south-west support moist evergreen forest. Barbuda is a low limestone island with a less varied coastline although it supports extensive reef systems, especially off the east coast. Codrington Lagoon in the northwest is a large, almost enclosed saltwater lagoon bordered by mangroves and sand ridges. An area of highlands (c.35 m high) on the eastern side of the island is an escarpment with a scarp slope on the north and west, a gentle slope to the south, and sea cliffs on the east. Redonda is the cone of a volcano that rises abruptly from the sea in steep cliffs that surround the island. Antigua and Barbuda support some of the most extensive mangrove woodlands in the eastern Caribbean. 4HNUPÄJLU[ -YPNH[LIPYK -YLNH[H THNUPÄJLUZJOPJRH[*VKYPUN[VU 3HNVVU[OL*HYPIILHU»ZSHYNLZ[ MYPNH[LIPYKJVSVU` 7OV[V!1PT2\ZOSHU Antigua and Barbuda’s climate is tropical maritime and average annual precipitation is 1050 mm but severe droughts are experienced every few years (Barbuda is drier than Antigua). Rainfall is concentrated between Sep- tember and November, while January to April is considered the driest period. Most of Antigua’s land area (up to 92%) was under sugarcane cultivation for 300 years (the industry closed in the 1960s). The abandonment of sugar (and cotton) has resulted in a large increase of livestock production (especially cattle, but also free-roaming sheep and goats). However, tourism is now the island’s major industry. 54 Legislation for the establishment of formal terrestrial protected areas in ¸*\YYLU[S`]LY`SP[[SLMVYTHSWYV[LJ[PVU Antigua and Barbuda is lacking. In the 1990s, a draft of a new Forestry Act was written, making provision for the designation of protected areas. PZHMMVYKLK[OL[LYYLZ[YPHSIPVKP]LYZP[`PU However this draft has not yet been enacted. The Government’s Environ- ment Division is currently engaged in the (GEF-funded) Ridges-to-Reef (U[PN\HHUK)HYI\KH¹ SURMHFWWKDWPD\GHFODUHVSHFLÀFDUHDVDVQDWXUHUHVHUYHVRURWKHUSURWHFW- ed areas, but currently, very little formal protection is afforded the terres- The EAG and its partners in the Antiguan Racer Conservation Project trial (and land-based wetland) biodiversity in Antigua and Barbuda. The (ARCP) and the subsequent Off-shore Islands Conservation Project have marine environment is better catered for legislatively. The Fisheries Act been leading an international effort to eradicate black rats (Rattus rattus) allows for the designation of marine reserves, and in 2005 the North-East from approximately 15 islands, and to raise awareness of the need for an Marine Management Area (NEMMA) was declared – a 3100-ha area that effective off-shore island management system. The ARCP has, to date, extends from the northern tip of Antigua to its eastern extremity, and in- reintroduced the endemic and Critically Endangered Antiguan racer cludes 30 offshore islands. This protected area receives more than 50,000 (Alsophis antiguae) to three rat-free islands, resulting in an increase in visitors each year, yet tourism contributes nothing to protected area man- the population from 50 snakes in 1995 to 300 in January 2008. Interest agement or conservation. The Fisheries Division (of the Ministry of Lands that the ARCP generated, coupled with the realization that many jobs in and Fisheries) has formally invited the NGO, Environmental Awareness WRXULVPDQGÀVKHULHVGHSHQGRQDKHDOWK\DQGELRGLYHUVHHQYLURQPHQWUH- Group (EAG) to participate in a quasi-autonomous Site Management cently culminated in proposals for a new protected area system to promote Entity for the area’s management. There is a keen desire to ensure that conservation and sustainable use. Proposed areas encompass the ranges 1(00$ EHFRPHV ÀQDQFLDOO\ VHOIVXVWDLQLQJ DQG FRQWULEXWHV WDQJLEO\ of Antigua and Barbuda’s most threatened species and habitats, from to both biodiversity conservation and local livelihoods. Unfortunately, at coral reefs to dry forests, and will afford an unprecedented opportunity the moment, this piece of legislation provides legal authority only for the for biodiversity restoration and protection in the country. Other than pro- management of the marine and not terrestrial habitats within the protected tected area designation, Antigua and Barbuda urgently needs greater en- DUHD7KH:LOG%LUG3URWHFWLRQ$FWLVDVSHFLÀFSLHFHRIOHJLVODWLRQIRU forcement and awareness of species protection laws, and an improvement bird protection. However, the act currently allows for an open hunting sea- in hunters’ abilities to distinguish between protected and game species. son (July 16–January 31), and thus provides little protection, for example, There is also a need for training professionals involved in developing to the Vulnerable West Indian Whistling-duck (Dendrocygna arborea) or and administering conservation programs, and technicians involved in the Near Threatened Caribbean Coot (Fulica caribaea), both of which are ÀHOGLPSOHPHQWDWLRQ$WWKHVDPHWLPHEDVLFUHVHDUFKLVQHHGHGWRDVVHVV OLVWHGDVJDPHVSHFLHV(QIRUFHPHQWRIWKLVDFWDQGVSHFLÀFSURYLVLRQVIRU population size, habitat use and threats to the country’s key bird species to threatened species likely to be hunted are needed if this legislation is to ensure that major conservation initiatives are based on sound science, and assist bird conservation in the country. WKHLUHIÀFDF\PRQLWRUHG ,NYL[JVSVU`H[4J2PUUVU»Z:HS[WVUK(.VULVMVUS`[^V5L^>VYSKIYLLKPUNZP[LZMVY3P[[SL,NYL[,NYL[[HNHYaL[[H 7OV[V!1PT2\ZOSHU Effective biodiversity conservation is severely constrained
Recommended publications
  • New Species Accepted –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Swinhoe’S Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma Monorhis )

    New Species Accepted –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Swinhoe’S Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma Monorhis )

    his is the 20th published report of the ABA Checklist Committee (hereafter, TCLC), covering the period July 2008– July 2009. There were no changes to commit - tee membership since our previous report (Pranty et al. 2008). Kevin Zimmer has been elected to serve his second term (to expire at the end of 2012), and Bill Pranty has been reelected to serve as Chair for a fourth year. During the preceding 13 months, the CLC final - ized votes on five species. Four species were accepted and added to the ABA Checklist , while one species was removed. The number of accepted species on the ABA Checklist is increased to 960. In January 2009, the seventh edition of the ABA Checklist (Pranty et al. 2009) was published. Each species is numbered from 1 (Black-bellied Whistling-Duck) to 957 (Eurasian Tree Sparrow); ancillary numbers will be inserted for all new species, and these numbers will be included in our annual reports. Production of the seventh edi - tion of the ABA Checklist occupied much of Pranty’s and Dunn’s time during the period, and this com - mitment helps to explain the relative paucity of votes during 2008–2009 compared to our other recent an - nual reports. New Species Accepted –––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– Swinhoe’s Storm-Petrel (Oceanodroma monorhis ). ABA CLC Record #2009-02. One individual, thought to be a juvenile in slightly worn plumage, in the At - lantic Ocean at 3 4°5 7’ N, 7 5°0 5’ W, approximately 65 kilometers east-southeast of Hatteras Inlet, Cape Hat - teras, North Carolina on 2 June 2008.
  • S Montserrat National Trust, Montserrat Tourist Board, That Rats Rattus Spp

    S Montserrat National Trust, Montserrat Tourist Board, That Rats Rattus Spp

    Important Bird Areas in the Caribbean – Montserrat ■ MONTSERRAT LAND AREA 102 km2 ALTITUDE 0–914 m HUMAN POPULATION 4,819 CAPITAL Plymouth (defunct due to volcanic eruption) IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS 3, totalling 16.5 km2 IMPORTANT BIRD AREA PROTECTION 48% BIRD SPECIES 101 THREATENED BIRDS 2 RESTRICTED-RANGE BIRDS 12 GEOFF HILTON (ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF BIRDS), LLOYD MARTIN AND JAMES ‘SCRIBER’ DALY (DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENT, MONTSERRAT) AND RICHARD ALLCORN (FAUNA AND FLORA INTERNATIONAL) The endemic Montserrat Oriole lost 60% of its forest habitat during the eruptions of the Soufriere Hills volcano. (PHOTO: JAMES MORGAN/DWCT) INTRODUCTION in the lowlands, through semi-deciduous and evergreen wet forest in the hills, to montane elfin forest on the highest peaks. Montserrat is a UK Overseas Territory in the Leeward Islands There are small areas of littoral woodland, and in the driest towards the northern end of the Lesser Antilles, just 40 km areas of the lowlands, the vegetation is xerophytic scrub, with south-west of Antigua and between the islands of Nevis and numerous cacti. All but a few small forest patches were Guadeloupe. The island is about 16 km long and 11 km wide, apparently cleared during the plantation era, and the bulk of and its volcanic origins are reflected in an extremely rugged the remaining forest is therefore secondary. In the Centre topography. There are three major volcanic hill ranges—the Hills, the largest remaining forest block, native trees are mixed Soufriere and South Soufriere Hills, the Centre Hills, and the with numerous large, non-native fruit trees—remnants of Silver Hills.
  • 2013 Geelhoed Et Al Important Bird Areas in the Caribbean Netherlands

    2013 Geelhoed Et Al Important Bird Areas in the Caribbean Netherlands

    Important Bird Areas in the Caribbean Netherlands SCV Geelhoed, AO Debrot, JC Ligon, H Madden, JP Verdaat, SR Williams & K Wulf Report number C054/13 IMARES Wageningen UR Institute for Marine Resources & Ecosystem Studies Client: Ministry of Economic Affairs (EZ) Contact: Drs. H. Haanstra P.O. Box 20401 2500 EK The Hague BO-11-011.05-016 Publication date: 6 May 2013 IMARES is: an independent, objective and authoritative institute that provides knowledge necessary for an integrated sustainable protection, exploitation and spatial use of the sea and coastal zones; an institute that provides knowledge necessary for an integrated sustainable protection, exploitation and spatial use of the sea and coastal zones; a key, proactive player in national and international marine networks (including ICES and EFARO). P.O. Box 68 P.O. Box 77 P.O. Box 57 P.O. Box 167 1970 AB Ijmuiden 4400 AB Yerseke 1780 AB Den Helder 1790 AD Den Burg Texel Phone: +31 (0)317 48 09 00 Phone: +31 (0)317 48 09 00 Phone: +31 (0)317 48 09 00 Phone: +31 (0)317 48 09 00 Fax: +31 (0)317 48 73 26 Fax: +31 (0)317 48 73 59 Fax: +31 (0)223 63 06 87 Fax: +31 (0)317 48 73 62 E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: [email protected] E-Mail: [email protected] www.imares.wur.nl www.imares.wur.nl www.imares.wur.nl www.imares.wur.nl Cover photo: Red-billed Tropicbird, Great Bay Sint Eustatius December 2012 (Steve Geelhoed) © 2013 IMARES Wageningen UR IMARES, institute of Stichting DLO The Management of IMARES is not responsible for resulting is registered in the Dutch trade damage, as well as for damage resulting from the application of Record nr.
  • The Birds of BARBADOS

    The Birds of BARBADOS

    BOU CHECKLIST SERIES: 24 The Birds of BARBADOS P.A. Buckley, Edward B. Massiah Maurice B. Hutt, Francine G. Buckley and Hazel F. Hutt v Contents Dedication iii Editor’s Foreword ix Preface xi Acknowledgements xv Authors’ Biographies xviii List of tables xx List of figures xx List of plates xx The Barbados Ecosystem Introduction 1 Topography 3 Geology 7 Geomorphology 7 Pedology 8 Climate, weather and winds 9 Freshwater and wetlands 13 Vegetation and floristics 14 Non-avian vertebrates 16 Freshwater fishes 16 Amphibians 17 Reptiles 17 Mammals 18 Historical synopsis 19 Prehistoric era 19 Colonial and modern eras 20 Conservation concerns 23 Avifauna 25 Historical accounts 25 Museum collectors and collections 26 Field observations 27 Glossary 27 vi Frequency of Occurrence and Numerical Abundance 28 Vagrancy 29 The Species of Barbados Birds 30 Vicariance, Dispersal and Geographical Origins 36 Historical Changes in the Barbados Avifauna 38 Extinction versus Introduction 39 The Role of Vagrancy 39 Endemism 42 Molecular Insights 42 Seabirds 45 Shorebirds 45 Land-birds 46 Habitat Limitations 46 Core Barbados Species 47 Potential Additions to the Barbados Avifauna 47 Annual North- and Southbound Migration 48 Elevational Migration 49 Recovery of Ringed Birds 49 Radar and Mist-net Studies of Migration 50 Inter-island Movements by Ostensibly Resident Land-birds 52 Austral and Trinidad & Tobago Migrants 53 Overwintering Migrants 54 Oversummering Migrants 54 Fossil and Archaeological Birds 55 Research Agenda 56 Systematic List Introduction 59 Taxonomy
  • The Lesser Antillean Bullfinch in the Virgin Islands

    The Lesser Antillean Bullfinch in the Virgin Islands

    338 THE WILSON BULLETIN . Vol. 89, No. 2 successful feeding attempts. We noted, however, that aggressive and non-aggressive sandpipers had similar feeding attempt rates. According to Recher and Recher (Wilson Bull. 81:14%154, 1969) a point is reached when the frequency and intensity of aggression among sandpipers declines as they be- come more concentrated in an area of abundant food. The adult sandpipers we watched may have reached this point but the juveniles may not have-possibly because they were less efficient than adults (see Recher, Ecology 47: 393-403, 1966) in catching prey and therefore had a higher threshhold for lowering aggression. We thank D. G. Ainley, J. P. Hailman, and M. A. Howe for their helpful comments. This report is part of the results we have obtained in studies of migratory shorebirds funded by the Migratory Bird and Habitat Research Station, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Contract No. 14-16-0008-687.-B~1~~ A. HARRINCTON AND SARAII GROVES,& ano-‘ met Bird Observatory, Manomet, MA 02345. (Present Address SG: Dept. of Zoology, Univ. of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.). Accepted 9 Apr. 1976. Herring Gull eating bayberry.-Several studies of the Herring Gull (Larus argen- tutus) (Harris, Ibis 107:43-53, 1965; Threlfall, C an. Field-Nat. 82:176-180, 1968; Tin- bergen, The Herring Gulls’ World, 1960) h ave demonstrated the omnivorous and opportunistic qualities of its diet. In addition to the well known animal and garbage com- ponents, Herring Gulls consume grasses, grain, and blueberries (Vaccineurn angustifolium) when available (Threlfall, Nature in Wales 11:67-73, 1968; Davis, Br.
  • THE LESSER ANTILLES: Aboard the Sea Cloud

    THE LESSER ANTILLES: Aboard the Sea Cloud

    THE LESSER ANTILLES: Aboard the Sea Cloud FEBRUARY 10-18, 2016 Red-necked Parrot, Amazona arausiaca LEADERS: VICTOR EMANUEL, BARRY LYON, DAVID ASCANIO, PETER ZIKA & JOHN HARRISON COMPILED BY: DAVID ASCANIO VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM THE LESSER ANTILLES ABOARD THE SEA CLOUD FEBRUARY 10-18, 2016 By David Ascanio Once again, a sea with pastel blue or green colors, an incredible and rich history, outstanding cuisine, and the beautiful and breathtaking Sea Cloud, combined with exquisite birds resulted in a memorable journey across six of the Lesser Antilles to see all of the endemic parrots, tremblers, hummingbirds, orioles, and bullfinches that these islands offer. Our treasure wasn’t gold, nor sugar. It was every one of the endemic or the restricted distribution birds. It seemed as if every island offered a unique challenge to finding these treasures. Barbados was the easy task. In Dominica and Martinique we practiced patience. In Guadeloupe we built a successful group dynamic, while St. Lucia and St. Vincent challenged us with trails. Each day offered a unique experience, as if each of the Lesser Antilles had a distinctive personality. We started in British-flavored Barbados. A visit to the Graeme Hall Reserve allowed views of one of the few populations of Little Egret in the Americas. We also saw our first target species, the Barbados Bullfinch, one that’s so common that you can see it wandering around the swimming pool area of the hotel. After a full day sailing north, we made it to Dominica.
  • FIELD GUIDES BIRDING TOURS: Lesser Antilles 2013

    FIELD GUIDES BIRDING TOURS: Lesser Antilles 2013

    Field Guides Tour Report Lesser Antilles 2013 Mar 30, 2013 to Apr 14, 2013 Jesse Fagan I hadn't run this tour for three years so I was a little bit curious about how things had changed on "the islands." I am always nervous about the connecting flights, lost baggage (LIAT don't let us down!), and general logistics on this logistically complicated tour. However, we seem to have it down to a science after years of practice, and LIAT has gotten better! It was a great tour in 2013. We saw all of the Lesser Antilles' endemics very well including great looks at the tough ones: Grenada Dove (my closest and best encounter ever; and at the last minute!), Imperial Parrot (chasing a pair through the Syndicate forest and eventually having them right over our heads!), St. Lucia Black-Finch (at our feet; and it does have pink feet!), and White-breasted Thrasher (twelve, count 'em twelve! on the island of Martinique). It was an adventure and I want to thank this most excellent group for doing it with me. I can't wait to see you all again. More a bird of the Greater Antilles, the White-crowned Pigeon reaches the northern Lesser Antilles --Jesse aka Mot (from Lima, Peru) islands of Antigua and Barbuda, where it is quite common. (Photo by tour participant Greg Griffith) KEYS FOR THIS LIST One of the following keys may be shown in brackets for individual species as appropriate: * = heard only, I = introduced, E = endemic, N = nesting, a = austral migrant, b = boreal migrant BIRDS Anatidae (Ducks, Geese, and Waterfowl) WEST INDIAN WHISTLING-DUCK (Dendrocygna arborea) – A number along Antigua Village Ponds.
  • Straggling to Islands-South American Birds in the Islands of Aruba, Curacao, and Bonaire, South Caribbean

    Straggling to Islands-South American Birds in the Islands of Aruba, Curacao, and Bonaire, South Caribbean

    J. Yamashina Inst. Ornith., 14: 171-178, 1982 Straggling to Islands-South American Birds in the Islands of Aruba, Curacao, and Bonaire, South Caribbean K. H. Voous* Abstract The number of bird species up to 31 December 1981 recorded from the South Caribbean islands of Aruba, Curacao, and Bonaire, 30-87km distant from the South American coast and 800km from the nearest islands north of the Caribbean Basin, is 231. Among these are 62 breeding species, divided up into 33 land birds, 19 fresh water birds and 10 seabirds. The balance of 169 species (73%) consists of non-breeding visitors, 61 of which (26%) are migrants from North America and 34 (15%) migrants and stragglers from South America; besides, there are 5 species and subspecies of inter-Caribbean migrants. Oversea-flights of land and fresh water birds in the South Caribbean have been studied and the cases recorded summarized. Oversea- flights appear to be a regular phenomenon, though the collecting of facts is largely a matter of chance. In view of the apparent stream of visitors, of which some can be considered as ecological prospectors, it is thought that not the stability of the ecological interactions of the insular land birds, but rather the stability of the specialized, and seemingly unfavourable conditions of aridity are responsible for the image of stability of the avian island faunas in the South Caribbean. Introduction In his stimulating book on island faunas David Lack (1976) attributes the relative stability of bird faunas of oceanic islands to the ecological poverty rather than to the rarity of oversea-dispersal.
  • Bird List E = Endemic EC = Endemic to Caribbean ELA= Endemic to Lesser Antilles ES = Endemic Subspecies NE = Near Endemic NES = Near Endemic Subspecies

    Bird List E = Endemic EC = Endemic to Caribbean ELA= Endemic to Lesser Antilles ES = Endemic Subspecies NE = Near Endemic NES = Near Endemic Subspecies

    Lesser Antilles Prospective Bird List E = Endemic EC = Endemic to Caribbean ELA= Endemic to Lesser Antilles ES = Endemic Subspecies NE = Near Endemic NES = Near Endemic Subspecies West Indian Whistling Duck Dendrocygna arborea EC Black-bellied Whistling Duck Dendrocygna autumnalis Masked Duck Nomonyx dominicus Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris Greater Scaup Aythya marila Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis Northern Shoveler Spatula clypeata Blue-winged Teal Spatula discors Green-winged Teal Spatula crecca American Wigeon Mareca americana White-cheeked Pintail Spatula bahamensis Northern Pintail Spatula acuta Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps Least Grebe Tachybaptus dominicus Feral Rock Pigeon Columba livia Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto Scaly-naped Pigeon Patagioenas squamosa EC White-crowned Pigeon Patagioenas leucocephala Grenada Dove Leptotila wellsi E Bridled Quail-Dove Geotrygon mystacea EC Ruddy Quail-Dove Geotrygon montana Zenaida Dove Zenaida aurita EC Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata Common Ground Dove Columbina passerina Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon aethereus mesonauta White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus White-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis cayennensis manati St.Lucia Nightjar Antrostomus (rufus) otiosus E Antillean Nighthawk Chordeiles gundlachii ________________________________________________________________________________________________________ WINGS ● 1643 N. Alvernon Way Ste. 109 ● Tucson ● AZ ● 85712 ● www.wingsbirds.com (866) 547 9868 Toll free US + Canada ● Tel (520) 320-9868 ● Fax (520) 320 9373 Lesser
  • Antigua and Barbuda

    Antigua and Barbuda

    Important Bird Areas in the Caribbean – Antigua and Barbuda ■ ANTIGUA & BARBUDA LAND AREA 441 km2 ALTITUDE 0–402 m HUMAN POPULATION 83,000 CAPITAL St John’s IMPORTANT BIRD AREAS 12, totalling 196 km2 IMPORTANT BIRD AREA PROTECTION 20% BIRD SPECIES 182 THREATENED BIRDS 4 RESTRICTED-RANGE BIRDS 11 JOSEPH PROSPER, VICTOR JOSEPH, ANDREA OTTO AND SHANEE PROSPER (ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS GROUP1) Magnificent Frigatebirds at Codrington Lagoon. (PHOTO: JIM KUSHLAN) INTRODUCTION with xeric scrub) in the north and east. The higher, volcanic mountains of the south-west support moist evergreen forest. The nation of Antigua and Barbuda comprises three main Barbuda is a low limestone island with a less varied coastline islands—Antigua, Barbuda and Redonda—all at the northern although it supports extensive reef systems, especially off the end of the Lesser Antilles. Antigua is the largest island (280 east coast. Codrington Lagoon in the north-west is a large, km²) and lies 40 km north-east of Montserrat (to the UK), 67 almost enclosed saltwater lagoon bordered by mangroves and km east of Nevis (St Kitts and Nevis) and 60 km north of sand ridges. An area of highlands (c.35 m high) on the eastern Guadeloupe (to France). Barbuda is smaller (161 km²) and side of the island is an escarpment with a scarp slope on the located 42 km north of Antigua. Redonda is the smallest island north and west, a gentle slope to the south, and sea cliffs on (just 2.1 km²) and is situated 45 km west-south-west of the east. Redonda is the cone of a volcano that rises abruptly Antigua, between Nevis (St Kitts and Nevis, 25 km to the from the sea in steep cliffs that surround the island.
  • Virgin Islands Bird Check List

    Virgin Islands Bird Check List

    2002 Revised Revised Birds of St. John, U.S.V.I. Birds in which the bird is most likely to be to found: isin most the bird which likely Compiled by L. Brannick & Dr. D. Catanzaro Compiled by L. Brannick & Dr. eastern the on is located of St. John island The latitude North 18 degrees at Antilles Greater ofend the in is 9 miles St. John longitude. West 64 degrees and Islands Virgin point. widest its at 5 miles and length tracts protects large Park National of natural habitat can be seen of birds 144 species approximately in which year. the throughout based been updated has recently checklist This local the staff, of Park records and observations the on & of Fish .Division V.I the and Society Audubon this to been added have species new A few Wildlife. gone long have that others while list, revised us in been dropped. Please help have unreported your with list this mailing by records, accurate keeping park. the to observations recorded the follow nomenclature and Species taxonomy checklist. supplements ) and edition ( 1998, 7th U. A. O. their with names common their by listed are birds The lines separate Solid in parenthesis. names scientific families LEGEND Habitat ( OS ) Ocean/Shoreline Forest ( MF ) Moist ( DF ) Dry Forest Areas Inhabited ) IA ( (SP ) Pond Salt Status : ( A -) Abundant species encountered A frequently ( M( ) Mangroves C ) -Common habitat be seen in suitable to seen likely not always but Present ( U )Uncommon- year every not be present - May ( O ) Occasional -( R ) Rare seen Seldom Reported ( * ) Not Status: Breeding Islands Virgin in the ( B ) Breeds Breeder ( P ) Probable ( N ) Non-Breeder Season : Mar.-May ( s ) Spring Dec.-Feb.
  • ABA Checklist Committee

    ABA Checklist Committee

    Report of the ABA Checklist Committee for 1984-1985 In the past we have published the annual Supplement to the ABA Checklist, giving only the results of the Committee's deliberations. However, many members have inquired about the process by means of which the decisions are made. Are the annual changes mere whims of afew elitists whose majorfunction is tofoul up thousands of lifelists?Are thesepeoplejust coming up with arbitrary opinions to satisfv their own egos? Or do they actually work at this d~$cuIt problem? We have deciakd to intercept just a few of the communications among this year's Committee so that our members can gain some sense of the scholarly investment which these dedicated expen3 make in their annualsearch for an accurate, correct, and defensibleList of the birdr which have positively occurred in the ABA Checklist Area. The ABA Checklist Committee completed judged in comparison with Lesser Golden- detailed reviews of the first substantiated Plovers and Killdeers; (2) its slender build records of four species and has approved and small-headed look; (3) the shortness their addition to the ABA Checklist: and relative lack of curvature of the bill; (4) Little Curlew (Numenius minutus) the extensive pale area at the base of the bill; 0 Caribbean Elaenia (Elaenia mam'nica) (5) the presence of fine streaks, rather than 0 Brown-chested Martin (Phaeoprogne chevrons, on the breast; (6) the overall lack topera) of buff coloration; and (7) the 'off-white', 0 Yucatan Vireo ( Vireo magister) rather than cinnamon, wing-linings." Of the characters listed above, the ones Discussions which rule out Eskimo Curlew (Numenius borealis) are Nos.