Cervical Cancer in India: a Scientometric Study of Publications, 2003-2012

Review Article Cervical cancer in India: A scientometric study of publications, 2003-2012

The paper examines 1141 Indian papers in cervical cancer, as covered in Scopus database during 2003-2012, experiencing an annual average growth rate of 13.05% and citation impact of 5.04. The world cervical cancer output (28,174 papers) came from several countries, of which the top 10 (United States, China,

Abstract UK, Japan, Germany, France, Italy, India, etc.) accounts for 75.59% share of the global output during 2003-2012. In terms of relative citation index (RCI), only five countries registered the value above 1: The Netherlands (1.37), France (1.20), Spain (1.14), Brazil (1.09) and Australia (1.03). India’s global publication share and global publication rank was 4.05% and 8th during 2003-2012. India’s accounts for 1.83% citation share and 14th rank in global citations output. Its average citation per paper and RCI was 5.04 and 0.45 and hold 13th rank among top 15 countries in both of them. The Indian cervical cancer output came from several organizations and authors, of which the top 14 contributed 53.99% and 22.17% share, respectively during 2003-2012. India’s international collaborative share in cervical cancer was 12.74%, which decreased from 13.96% during 2003-2007 to 12.12% during 2008-2012. Medicine accounted for the largest share (83.17%) of output in mouth cancer, followed by biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (31.90%), pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics (4.29%) and immunology and microbiology (3.59%) during 2003-2012. Radiotherapy and screening (with 18.05% share each), followed by diagnosis (16.74%), genetics (10.96%), prognosis (10.34%), chemotherapy (10.25%) account for major publications share among treatments methods used in Indian cervical cancer output during 2003-2012. Delhi Ritu Gupta, B. M. Gupta1, (with 21.21% share) contributed the largest share (21.21%) among Indian states M. Ahmed2, Rishi Tiwari3 and union territories to Indian papers in cervical cancer, followed by Maharashtra (18.05%), Uttar Pradesh (13.32%), Karnataka (11.57%), Tamil Nadu (9.90%), West Department of Library and Bengal (9.47%), Chandigarh (7.36%) etc., during 2003-2012. The medical colleges Information Science, Sri contributed the highest publications share (27.34%) to Indian publications in cervical Venkateshwar University, Meerut, 3Birla Institute of Management and cancer during 2003-2012, followed by research institutes (24.36%), institutes of Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, national importance (20.25%), hospitals (14.29%), universities (13.15% and others 1Panchkula, Haryana, (2.19%), etc., during 2003-2012 2Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Key words: Bibliometrics, cervical cancer, India, publications, scientometrics Address for the Correspondence: Dr. B. M. Gupta, 1173 Sector 15, Panchkula - 134 113, INTRODUCTION Haryana, India. E-mail: [email protected] Cancer is a group of many related diseases. All cancers begin in cells, the body’s basic building blocks. Normally, cells grow and multiply in an orderly way. However, damaged genes can cause them to Access this article online behave abnormally. They may grow into a lump called a tumour, which may be benign (not cancer)

Website: www.oghr.org or malignant (cancer). Polyps, cysts, and genital warts are types of benign growths on the cervix. A malignant tumour is made up of cancer cells, which if are not treated may spread beyond their DOI: :10.4103/2348-3113.141576 normal boundaries and into surrounding tissues by metastasis, becoming invasive cancer. There are Quick response code: five main types of gynecologic cancers that affect women reproductive organs: cervical, ovarian, uterine, vaginat and vulvar. Cervical cancer (or cancer of the cervix) arises from the tissues of the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. The functions of the cervix include: (i) Producing some of the moistness that lubricates the vagina, (ii) producing the mucus that helps sperm travel up to the fallopian tube to fertilize an egg from the ovary and (iii) holding a developing baby in the uterus during pregnancy. During childbirth, the cervix widens to allow the baby to pass down into the birth canal (vagina).[1]

Oncology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Reports| Supplement 1 | 2014 S4 S5 Oncology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Reports| Supplement 1 | 2014 Gupta, et al.: Cervical cancer publications in India

The endocervix (the upper part which is close to uterus) is covered by cancer site or manifestation and sources of funding for research. by glandular cells and the ectocervix (the lower part which is The distribution of research by cancer site correlates positively with close to vagina) is covered by squamous cells. The transformation the relative disease burden, with mouth cancer causing the highest zone (squamocolumnar junction) refers to the place where these number of deaths. Articles on genetics and chemotherapy were the two regions meet. There are different types of cervical cancers most preferred in treatment methods. Aparna et al.[10] examined the classified on the basis of where they develop in the cervix. Cancer research output in the field of oncology by Indians in Canada and that develops in the ectocervix is called squamous cell carcinoma and USA during 1988-1990, 1998-2000 and 2008-2010. around 80‑9‑% cervical cancer cases (>90% in India) are of this type. Cancer that develops in the endocervix is called adenocarcinoma. In OBJECTIVES addition, small percentage of cervical cancer cases is mixed versions of the above two, and is called adenosquamous carcinoma or mixed The main objective of this study is to analyze the Indian and global carcinomas. There are also some very rare types of cervical cancers, research output in cervix cancer during 2003-2012, with a view: (i) such as small cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, etc.[2] To study the world research output, its growth, rank and global publications share and citation impact of top 15 countries, (ii) to All women are at risk for cervical cancer. It occurs most often in study the Indian publication output and citation impact by different women over age 30. The human papillomavirus, which is passed sub‑fields, types of research, cancer site, treatment methods and from one person to another during sex, is the main cause of cervical population age groups; (iv) to study the Indian contribution by cancer. In addition, other things can increase the risk of cervical type of Indian organizations and by geographical regions; (v) to cancer include, smoking, having HIV, using birth control pills for a study the publications productivity and citation impact of 15 Indian long time and having given birth to more children’s.[3] leading institutions and authors and (vi) to study the pattern of communication of Indians in most productive journals. According to GLOBOCAN 2012, with 528,000 new cases every year, cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer affecting women METHODOLOGIES AND SOURCE OF th worldwide, after breast, colorectal and lung cancers and 7 overall. DATA It is also the 4th most common cause of cancer death (266,000 deaths in 2012) in women worldwide, accounting for 7.5% of all The world publication output and publication output of 15 most female cancer deaths. Almost 445,000 cases of the global burden productive countries (including India) in cervical cancer were extracted of cervical cancer falls in areas with lower level of development, and downloaded from Scopus International Database (http://www. leading to 230,000 deaths in 2012. In India, 122,844 new cervical scopus.com) for the 10 years (2003-2012) period. For identifying cases are diagnosed annually in India. Its crude incidence rate in literature on cervix cancer, a set of keywords were identified and cervical cancer is 20.2, compared to 15.1 of the world. India’s age the following search strategy (main strategy) (limiting it to country standardized incidence rate in cervical cancer is 22.0, compared affiliating tag and period limiting to 2003-2012), was used to search to 14.0 of the world. Cervical cancer ranks as the second cause and download publication data resulting in 37,049 global publication of female cancer in India. India, China, Brazil, Bangladesh and records and 1832 Indian records in cervical cancer research during Nigeria represents more than half of the global burden of cervical 2003-2012. cancer deaths accord to Cancer Global Crisis Card released by the Cervical Cancer Free Coalition. The highest number of (((KEY (cancer) OR KEY (neoplasm or carcinoma)) AND deaths (72,825) because of cervical cancer was in India, followed by PUBYEAR > 2002 AND PUBYEAR < 2013) and ((KEY (cervical) China (33,914), Brazil (11,055), Bangladesh (10,364), Nigeria (9659), OR KEY (uterine cervix or uterine cervical)) AND PUBYEAR > 2002 Indonesia (7493), Pakistan (7311), etc.[4‑7] AND PUBYEAR < 2013)). The type of cancer, cancer site and research type in India was Literature review identified with a set of keywords, which were later converted into Only few studies have been carried in the past on the evaluation three separate search strategies. Each individual search strategy was of Indian cancer literature. Among such studies, Patra and combined with the main strategy to generate the desired publication Bhattacharya[8] analyzed World and Indian oncology research output. Cervical cancer research output was classified according to output (6484 papers) during 1987-2003, using PubMed database. population age groups based on keywords, such as child, adolescents, It examined research activities of different countries and India’s adults, middle aged and aged 80 and over: For analyzing papers by literature growth trends and application of Bradford’s Law of sub‑fields, database classification as provided in Scopus database Scattering for identifying core journals and Lotka’s Law for author has been used. For analyzing significant institutions, authors and productivity in Indian literature and identification of most active journals, separate search strategies were developed, which later institutions in cancer research. Lewison and Roe[9] examined Indian combined with the main search strategy leading to the generation research output during 1990-2010 with a focus on its literature of the desired output. For citations data, 3 years, 2 years and 1 year growth, research quality, share of international collaboration, citation window has been used for computing average citations per research output by geographical regions, types of research, output paper in cervical cancer research during 2003-2010, 2011 and 2012.

ANALYSIS the Netherlands (6.33%), Australia (6.16%) and Germany (6.09%). The other countries having annual average growth rate below Global publication and citation share of top 15 world average are USA (5.12%), Canada (5.04%), UK (4.41%), most productive countries France (4.25%) and Japan (2.89%). The global publication share of top 15 most productive countries The global citation share of the top 15 most productive countries in in cervical cancer varies from 2.14% to 24.68% during 2003-2012, cervical cancer research varies from 1.80% to 23.79% during 2003- with USA occupying the first rank and contributing the largest 2012, with USA again occupying the first rank with global citation nd publication share (24.68%), followed by China (8.32%, 2 rank), share of 23.79%, followed by UK (5.76%, 2nd rank), France (5.30%, rd th UK (6.68%, 3 rank), Japan (6.13%, 4 rank), Germany, France, 3rd rank), the Netherlands (4.16%, 4th rank), Germany, Italy, China Italy and India (from 4.05% to 4.63% publication share and rank and Canada (from 3.13% to 3.56% and rank from 5th to 8th), Brazil, th th from 5 to 8 ), South Korea, Canada and the Netherlands (from Spain, Japan, South Korea and Australia (from 2.19% to 2.93% and th th 3.04% to 3.62% publication share and rank from 9 to 11 ), and rank from 9th to 13th) and India and Taiwan (from 1.83% to 1.80% Brazil, Taiwan, Spain and Australia (from 2.14% to 2.68% publication and rank from 14th to 15th). The largest increase (3.42%) in world th th share and rank from 12 to 15 ). The global publication share citation share was observed in China, followed by India (1.21%), has witnessed the largest increase of 6.31% in China, followed by Italy (1.19%), Australia (0.91%), Spain (0.91%), South Korea (0.88%), India (1.59%), South Korea (1.09%), Spain (0.83%), Brazil (0.68%), Canada (0.64%), Taiwan (0.59%), USA (0.47%), Germany (0.46%) the Netherlands (0.05%) and Australia (0.04%), as against decrease and UK (0.14%), as against decrease by 0.36% in Brazil, followed by by 2.39% in USA, followed by Japan (1.32%), Germany (1.05%), the Netherlands (0.29%), France (0.20%) and Japan (0.07%) from UK (0.71%), Canada (0.34%), Italy (0.18%), Taiwan (0.15%) and 2003-2007 to 2008-2012 [Table 2]. France (0.11%) from 2003-2007 to 2008-2012. The countries which have increased their global publication rank among 15 most In terms of average citation per paper (ACPP), the first rank with productive countries are China (from 5th to 2nd), India (from 9th to ACPP of 15.25 was registered by the Netherlands, followed by 5th), South Korea (from 11th to 8th), Brazil (from 13th to 12th) and France (13.36, 2nd rank), Brazil (12.17, 3rd rank), Australia (11.41, Spain (from 15th to 13th), as against decrease in UK (from 2nd to 4th rank), Spain (11.21, 5th rank), USA (10.73, 6th rank), Canada (10.47, 3rd), Japan (from 3th to 4th), Germany (from 4th to 7th), Italy (from 7th rank), UK (9.61, 8th rank), Italy (9.27, 9th rank), Germany (8.55, 7th to 9th), Canada (8th to 10th), the Netherlands (from 10th to 11th), 10th rank), Taiwan (6.79, 11th rank), South Korea (6.79%, 12th), Taiwan (from 12th to 14th) and Australia (from 14th to 15th) from India (5.04, 13th rank), Japan (4.80, 14th rank) and China (4.39, 2003-2007 to 2008-2012 [Table 1]. 15th rank) during 2003-2012 [Table 3].

In terms of average annual growth rate in publications output In terms of relative citation index (RCI), the top rank was occupied by in cervical cancer during 2003-2012, 10 countries have achieved the Netherlands with RCI of 1.37, followed by France (1.20, 2nd rank), higher growth rate than the world average of 6.05. These countries Spain (1.14, 3rd rank), Brazil (1.09, 4th rank), Australia (1.03, 5th rank), are China (21.45%), Brazil (21.04%), South Korea (16.83%), USA, Canada, UK, Italy, Germany and Taiwan (with RCI value from India (14.38%), Taiwan (14.38%), Spain (10.49%), Italy (7.49%), 0.71 to 0.96 and rank from 6th to 11th) and South Korea, India, Japan

Table 1: Global publication output, share and rank of top 15 most productive countries in cervical cancer, 2003-2012 Country Number of papers Share of papers Rank of countries 2003-2007 2008-2012 2003-2012 2003-2007 2008-2012 2003-2012 2003-2007 2008-2012 2003-2012 USA 3070 3884 6954 26.07 23.68 24.68 1 1 1 China 547 1798 2345 4.65 10.96 8.32 5 2 2 UK 835 1046 1881 7.09 6.38 6.68 2 3 3 Japan 812 916 1728 6.9 5.58 6.13 3 4 4 Germany 617 688 1305 5.24 4.19 4.63 4 7 5 France 527 717 1244 4.48 4.37 4.41 6 6 6 Italy 496 661 1157 4.21 4.03 4.11 7 9 7 India 368 773 1141 3.12 4.71 4.05 9 5 8 South Korea 351 668 1019 2.98 4.07 3.62 11 8 9 Canada 416 523 939 3.53 3.19 3.33 8 10 10 Netherlands 354 502 856 3.01 3.06 3.04 10 11 11 Brazil 269 486 755 2.28 2.96 2.68 13 12 12 Taiwan 310 406 716 2.63 2.48 2.54 12 14 13 Spain 231 457 688 1.96 2.79 2.44 15 13 14 Australia 249 353 602 2.11 2.15 2.14 14 15 15 Total 11774 16400 28174 100 100 100

and China (with RCI value from 0.39 to 0.61 and rank from 12th to 15th). 2003-3645 papers in 2012, witnessing an annual average growth The largest increase (0.49%) in RCI was observed in Spain, followed by rate of 6.05%. The cumulative growth of world output in cervical Australia (0.41%), Italy (0.32%), Canada (0.29%), Germany (0.27%), cancer has increased from 11,774 papers during 2003-2007 to 16,400 Taiwan (0.27%), India (0.12%), USA (0.11%), UK (0.11%), papers during 2008-2012, witnessing a growth rate of 39.29%. The China (0.10%), Japan (0.08%), and South Korea (0.06%), as against ACPP registered by world publications in cervical cancer was 11.13 decrease by 0.43% in Brazil, followed by the Netherlands (0.12%) and during 2003-2012. India has published 1141 papers in cervical cancer France (0.01%) from 2003-2007 to 2008-2012 [Table 2]. during 2003-2012, which has annually increased from 72 papers in 2003 to 195 papers in 2012, registering an annual average growth In terms of high cited papers (HCP) (receiving 100 or more rate of 13.05%. The cumulative growth of Indian publication citations since the appearance of publication till the end of 2013), output in cervical cancer has increased from 368 papers during the largest share (4.69) in national publication output in cervix 2003-2007 to 773 papers during 2008-2012, witnessing a growth cancer is depicted by Canada during 2003-2012, followed by rate of 110.25%. The ACPP registered by Indian publications in Netherlands (4.21), France (4.18), Spain (3.49%), UK (2.98%), Australia (2.82%), USA (2.67%), Brazil (2.65%), Italy (1.90%), Table 3: Total papers, citations, average citation Germany (1.61%), Taiwan (0.98%), Japan (0.64%), India (0.61%), impact per paper and high cited papers of 15 most South Korea (0.59%) and China (0.38%). However, in terms of productive countries in cervical cancer, 2003-2012 count of HCP, the largest (186) number comes from USA during Country 2003-2012 2003 to 2012, followed by UK (56), France (52), Canada (44), the TP TC ACPP HCP % HCP Netherlands (36), Italy (22), Germany (21), Brazil (20), etc., [Table 3]. USA 6954 74615 10.73 186 2.67 China 2345 10303 4.394 9 0.38 There is any hardly any correlations between publications output and UK 1881 18081 9.612 56 2.98 number of deaths and death rate per 10,000 populations among 13 Japan 1728 8302 4.804 11 0.64 most productive countries in cervix cancer. India which ranks at first Germany 1305 11163 8.554 21 1.61 place in both number of deaths and death rate per 100,000 population France 1244 16618 13.36 52 4.18 Italy 1157 10729 9.273 22 1.90 ranks at 7th in publications output. China which ranks at 2nd place India 1141 5754 5.043 7 0.61 in number of deaths and 7th in death rate per 10,000 population South Korea 1019 6915 6.786 6 0.59 th ranks at 6 place in publications output. United States, which ranks Canada 939 9831 10.47 44 4.69 st th at 1 place in publications output, ranks at 4 place in number of Netherlands 856 13053 15.25 36 4.21 deaths and 12th place in death rate per 100,000 population [Table 4]. Brazil 755 9185 12.17 20 2.65 Taiwan 716 5637 7.873 7 0.98 Growth and citation impact of world and Indian Spain 688 7710 11.21 24 3.49 literature Australia 602 6871 11.41 17 2.82 Total 28174 313693 11.13 The world has published 28,174 papers in cervical cancer during TP: Total papers, TC: Total citations, ACPP: Average citation per paper, HCP: High 2003-2013, which have annually increased from 2165 papers in cited papers

Table 2: Global publication share, citations share and relative citation index of top 15 most productive countries in cervical cancer, 2003-2012 Country World share of papers World share of citation Relative citation rates 2003-2007 2008-2012 2003-2012 2003-2007 2008-2012 2003-2012 2003-2007 2008-2012 2003-2012 USA 26.07 23.68 24.68 23.57 24.03 23.79 0.90 1.01 0.96 China 4.65 10.96 8.32 1.67 5.09 3.28 0.36 0.46 0.39 UK 7.09 6.38 6.68 5.73 5.87 5.76 0.81 0.92 0.86 Japan 6.90 5.58 6.13 2.68 2.61 2.65 0.39 0.47 0.43 Germany 5.24 4.19 4.63 3.34 3.80 3.56 0.64 0.91 0.77 France 4.48 4.37 4.41 5.39 5.19 5.30 1.20 1.19 1.20 Italy 4.21 4.03 4.11 2.86 4.05 3.42 0.68 1.00 0.83 India 3.12 4.71 4.05 1.26 2.47 1.83 0.40 0.52 0.45 South Korea 2.98 4.07 3.62 1.79 2.67 2.20 0.60 0.66 0.61 Canada 3.53 3.19 3.33 2.83 3.47 3.13 0.80 1.09 0.94 Netherlands 3.01 3.06 3.04 4.30 4.01 4.16 1.43 1.31 1.37 Brazil 2.28 2.96 2.68 3.10 2.74 2.93 1.35 0.92 1.09 Taiwan 2.63 2.48 2.54 1.52 2.11 1.80 0.58 0.85 0.71 Spain 1.96 2.79 2.44 2.35 3.26 2.79 1.20 1.69 1.14 Australia 2.11 2.15 2.14 1.76 2.67 2.19 0.83 1.24 1.03 Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 0.90 1.01 0.96

Oncology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Reports| Supplement 1 | 2014 S6 S7 Oncology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Reports| Supplement 1 | 2014 Gupta, et al.: Cervical cancer publications in India cervical cancer was 5.04 during 2003-2012, which has decreased Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, USA (14 papers), VU from 5.69 during 2003-2008 to 4.73 during 2008-2012. The world University Medical Center, the Netherlands (10 papers), Progress For share of Indian publications in cervical cancer was 4.05% during Appropriate Technology for Health, Seattle, USA (9 papers), King 2003-2012, which has increased from 3.12% during 2003-2007 to Saud University, Saudi Arabia (8 papers), John Hopkins University, 4.71% during 2008-2012 [Table 5]. Of the total Indian research, USA (6 papers), University of Hong Kong (6 papers), Cancer articles constituted 81.07% share (925), reviews and letters 6.66% Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, share each (76), conference papers 3.86% share (44), notes 0.70% China (6 papers), etc., during 2003-2012. share (8), editorial and short survey 0.53% share each (6) during 2003-2012. Subject‑wise distribution of Indian cervical cancer research output India’s international collaboration India’s publication output in cervical cancer research has been The share of international collaborative publications in India’s total published in the context of four subject sub‑fields (as reflected publication output in cervical cancer was 12.74% during 2003-2012, in database classification based on journal title subject), with which decreased from 13.96% during 2003-2007 to 12.12% during highest publication output coming from medicine (949 papers, 2008-2012. Among India’s leading collaborative countries, the 83.17% share), followed by biochemistry, genetics and molecular largest share (42.79%) was contributed by United States, followed biology (364 papers, 31.90% share), pharmacology, toxicology by France (26.92%), UK (12.98%), Canada and Japan (6.25% and pharmaceutics (49 papers, 4.29% share) and immunology and each), Australia and China (5.77% each), Saudi Arabia and the microbiology (41 papers, 3.59% share) during 2003-2012. The Netherlands (5.29% each), Thailand (5.29%), South Korea (4.33%), research activity has increased in case of pharmacology, toxicology Germany (3.85%), Italy (3.37%), Peru and Mexico (2.88% each) and pharmaceutics and immunology and microbiology, in contrast to decrease in medicine and biochemistry, genetics and molecular during 2003-2012. The international collaborative papers (ICP) biology from 2003-2007 to 2008-2012 [Table 7]. On analyzing the share has increased by 7.97% in Saudi Arabia, followed by citation impact of cervical cancer research under different sub‑fields, Germany (5.80%), Australia (4.39%), Canada (0.81%), Italy (0.77%), it was found that immunology and microbiology had scored the China (0.08%), South Korea (0.06%) and Peru (0.04%), as highest citation impact (7.90 citations per paper), followed by against decrease by 19.71% in France, followed by UK (8.43%), biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (6.97 citations per the Netherlands (4.95%), Japan (3.50%), Thailand (2.80%), paper), pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics (5.65 citations Mexico (2.11%) and USA (0.10%) from 2003-2007 to 2008-2012 per paper) and medicine (4.67 citations per paper) during 2003-2012. [Table 6].

The leading international collaborating organizations collaborating Type of Indian cervical cancer research with India in cervical cancer research are International Agency for Of the total Indian publications in cervical cancer, 46.01% were Research on Cancer, France (with 59 papers), followed by Johns focused in squamous cell carcinoma (525 papers), followed by adenocarcinoma (81 papers, 7.10%), adenosquamous Table 4: Total papers, death numbers and rate and annual average growth rate in most productive Table 5: Growth, citation impact and international countries in cervical cancer, 2003-2012 collaboration in India’s publication in cervical Country Total Death Number Annual cancer, 2003-2012 papers rate/100,000 of average growth Publication World India, 2003-2012 2003-2012 population deaths rate 2003-2012 year 2003- TP TC ACPP ICP % ICP USA 6954 2.1 3869 5.12 2012 ICP TC ACPP TP Japan 2345 2.5 3350 2.89 2003 2165 72 337 4.681 14 19.44 153 10.93 UK 1881 2.4 1111 4.41 2004 2100 70 332 4.743 11 15.71 179 16.27 Germany 1728 3.8 2018 6.09 2005 2304 70 367 5.243 11 15.71 125 11.36 Italy 1305 2.7 906 7.49 2006 2510 82 556 6.78 15 18.29 281 18.73 China 1244 2.5 33,914 21.45 2007 2695 74 504 6.811 19 25.68 239 12.58 India 1157 10.7 72,825 14.38 2008 2895 104 744 7.154 20 19.23 352 17.60 France 1141 5.2 991 4.25 2009 3228 151 1204 7.974 29 19.21 540 18.62 Taiwan 1019 11.70 2010 3268 153 933 6.098 28 18.30 447 15.96 Brazil 939 4.6 11,055 21.04 2011 3364 170 507 2.982 29 17.06 232 8.00 Spain 856 3.3 712 10.49 2012 3645 195 270 1.385 32 16.41 101 3.156 Canada 755 2.3 544 5.04 2003-2007 11,774 368 2096 5.696 70 19.02 977 13.96 Netherlands 716 2.3 6.33 2008-2012 16,400 773 3658 4.732 138 17.85 1672 12.12 Australia 688 2.2 241 6.16 2003-2012 28,174 1141 5754 5.043 208 18.23 2649 12.74 South Korea 602 1.7 1043 16.83 TP: Total papers, TC: Total citations, ACPP: Average citation per paper, ICP: International World 28,174 6.05 collaborative papers

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carcinoma (20 papers, 1.75%) and clear cell carcinoma (3 papers, Table 6: Number and share of India’s international 0.26%) during 2003-2012. The largest citation impact (33.55) collaborative papers by collaborating country, was registered by adenosquamous carcinoma, followed by 2003-2012 adenocarcinoma (9.38), squamous cell carcinoma (6.04) and clear Collaborating Number of Share of internationally cell carcinoma (1.00) during 2003-2012. country international collaborative papers collaborative papers 2003- 2008- 2003- Indian cervical cancer research by treatment 2003- 2008- 2003- 2007 2012 2012 2007 2012 2012 methods USA 30 59 89 42.86 42.75 42.79 In terms of treatment methods used as reflected in cervical France 28 28 56 40.00 20.29 26.92 cancer output, the largest share is occupied by radiotherapy and UK 13 14 27 18.57 10.14 12.98 screening (with 18.05% share each), followed by diagnosis (16.74%), Canada 4 9 13 5.71 6.52 6.25 genetics (10.96%), prognosis (10.34%), chemotherapy (10.25%), Japan 6 7 13 8.57 5.07 6.25 Australia 2 10 12 2.86 7.25 5.77 surgery (8.94%), pathology (7.98%), epidemiology (1.31%), China 4 8 12 5.71 5.80 5.77 quality of life (0.79%) and palliative care (0.70%) during Saudi Arabia 0 11 11 0.00 7.97 5.29 2003-2012. The publication activity has increased by 1.90% in Netherlands 6 5 11 8.57 3.62 5.29 chemotherapy, genetics (1.33%), screening (0.98%), quality of Thailand 5 6 11 7.14 4.35 5.29 life (0.76%), epidemiology (0.74%) and palliative care (0.23%), South Korea 3 6 9 4.29 4.35 4.33 as against decrease by 3.87% in pathology, radiotherapy (2.23%), Germany 0 8 8 0.00 5.80 3.85 prognosis (1.98%), diagnosis (1.36%) and surgery (1.24%) Italy 2 5 7 2.86 3.62 3.37 from 2003-2007 to 2008-2012 [Table 8]. The largest citation Peru 2 4 6 2.86 2.90 2.88 impact (9.22) was registered by genetics, followed by screening (8.96), Mexico 3 3 6 4.29 2.17 2.88 epidemiology (7.27), pathology (3.68), diagnosis (3.37), 70 138 208 100.00 100.00 100.00 prognosis (3.16), chemotherapy (2.95), surgery (2.35), quality of life (2.33), radiotherapy (2.29) and palliative care (0.88) during Table 7: Subject‑wise break‑up of Indian publications 2003-2012 [Table 8]. in cervical cancer research, 2002-2012 Subject India number of Activity Geographical distribution of Indian cervical cancer publications index of research 2003- 2008- 2003- publications 2007 2012 2012 2003- 2008- Among India states and union territories, the largest share (21.21%) 2007 2012 of Indian papers in cervical cancer comes from Delhi, followed by Medicine 313 636 949 102.26 98.92 Maharashtra (18.05%), Uttar Pradesh (13.32%), Karnataka (11.57%), Biochemistry, genetics 133 231 364 113.29 93.67 Tamil Nadu (9.90%), West Bengal (9.47%), Chandigarh (7.36%) and molecular biology Pharmacology, toxicology 13 36 49 82.26 108.45 etc., during 2003-2012. Together the first four states account for and pharmaceutics 64.15% share of Indian papers in cervical cancer during 2003- Immunology and 13 28 41 98.31 100.80 2012. The share of cervical cancer papers has increased in Uttar microbiology Pradesh (from 11.68% to 14.10%), Karnataka (from 9.24% to Total 368 773 1141 100.00 100.00 12.81%), Chandigarh (from 7.79% to 7.63%), Andhra Pradesh (from 1.90% to 3.49%), Punjab (from 0.82% to 2.85%), Haryana (from Table 8: Distribution of Indian cervical cancer 0.82% to 1.29%), Madhya Pradesh (from 0.54% to 0.91%) and publications by treatment methods, 2003-2012 Pondicherry (from 0.27% to 0.52%), as against decrease in Cancer by Number of papers % share of papers Maharashtra (from 19.29% to 17.46%), Tamil Nadu (from 12.23% treatment 2003- 2008- 2003- 2003- 2008- 2003- to 8.80%), West Bengal (from 9.78% to 9.31%), Gujarat (from 2.17% methods 2007 2012 2012 2007 2012 2012 to 1.42%), Rajasthan (from 1.09% to 0.78%) from 2003-2007 to Radiotherapy 72 134 206 19.57 17.34 18.05 2008-2012 [Table 9]. Screening 64 142 206 17.39 18.37 18.05 Diagnosis 65 126 191 17.66 16.30 16.74 Institutional contribution Genetics 37 88 125 10.05 11.38 10.96 Prognosis 43 75 118 11.68 9.70 10.34 Among the various type of Indian organizations contributing to Chemotherapy 33 84 117 8.97 10.87 10.25 Indian cervical cancer research, the largest publication output Surgery 36 66 102 9.78 8.54 8.94 and share (312 papers, 27.34% share) comes from 41 medical Pathology 39 52 91 10.60 6.73 7.98 colleges, followed by 27 research institutes (278 papers, 24.36%), Epidemiology 3 12 15 0.82 1.55 1.31 12 institutes of national importance (231 papers, 20.25%), Quality of life 1 8 9 0.27 1.03 0.79 16 hospitals (163 papers, 14.29%), 19 universities (150 papers, Palliative care 2 6 8 0.54 0.78 0.70 13.15%), 8 others (25 papers, 2.19%) during 2003-2012. Total 368 773 1141 100.00 100.00 100.00

Among the medical colleges, the largest number of papers (30) was papers, followed by middle aged (32.08%), aged (22.79%) and contributed by Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical adolescents (9.64%) during 2003-2012. The focus of cervical cancer Sciences, Lucknow, followed by Christian Medical College and research has increased in adults from 46.2% to 54.20%, as against Hospital, Vellore and Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi (26 decrease in middle aged (from 33.2% to 31.57%), aged (from 29.1% papers each), Kasturba Medical College, Manipal (20 papers), to 19.79%) and adolescent (from 9.80% to 9.57%) from 2003-2007 Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata (16 papers), University to 2008-2012 [Table 10]. College of Medical Sciences, Delhi (14 papers), Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore and Varadhman Mahavir Medical College and Contribution and impact of top 14 most productive Safdarjang Hospital, New Delhi (10 papers each), Lady Harding Indian organizations Medical College, New Delhi, Institute of Postgraduate Medical The top 14 most productive Indian organizations involved in Education and Research, Kolkata and Mahatma Gandhi Institute cervical cancer research have published 16 or more papers each of Medical Sciences (9 papers each), Government Medical College during 2003-2012. These leading 14 organizations in cervical cancer and Hospital, Chandigarh (8 papers), etc. research together have contributed 53.99% (616 papers) share in the Among the research institutes, the largest number of papers (51) cumulative publications output of India in cervical cancer research. was contributed by Chittaranjan National Cancer Research The scientometric profile of these 14 organizations along with their Institute, Kolkata, followed by Regional Cancer Research Center, research output, citations received and h‑index (HI) values are presented Trivandrum (35 papers), Institute of Cytology and Preventive in Table 11. The average publication productivity per organization Oncology, Noida (32 papers), Cancer Institute of India (27 papers), reported by the top 14 institutions was 44.0 and only four institutions Rajiv Gandhi Center for Biotechnology, Trivandrum (24 papers), have registered higher output than the group average. These are Tata Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore (23 papers), Memorial Hospital, Mumbai with 96 papers, followed by All India Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad and National Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (80 papers), Postgraduate Centre for Biological Sciences, Bangalore (14 papers each), Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai (8 papers), Indian Institute of Table 9: Geographical distribution of Indian Toxicological Research, Lucknow (7 papers), etc. cervical cancer research, 2003-2012 Name of Number of papers Share of papers Among the institutes of national importance, the largest number geographical 2003- 2008- 2003- 2003- 2008- 2003- of papers (80) was contributed by All India Institute of Medical area 2007 2012 2012 2007 2012 2012 Sciences, New Delhi, followed by Postgraduate Institute of Medical Delhi 78 164 242 21.20 21.22 21.21 Education and Research, Chandigarh (71 papers), Indian Institute Maharashtra 71 135 206 19.29 17.46 18.05 of Technology, Bombay (16 papers), Indian Institute of Science, Uttar Pradesh 43 109 152 11.68 14.10 13.32 Bangalore and Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata (14 papers each), Karnataka 34 99 132 9.24 12.81 11.57 Sree Chitra Tirumal Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu 45 68 113 12.23 8.80 9.90 West Bengal 36 72 108 9.78 9.31 9.47 Trivandrum (8 papers), Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Chandigarh 25 59 84 6.79 7.63 7.36 Education and Research, Pondicherry (7 papers), National Institute Andhra Pradesh 7 27 34 1.90 3.49 2.98 of Mental Health and Allied Sciences, Bangalore (6 papers), Indian Panjab 3 22 25 0.82 2.85 2.19 Institute of Technology, Kanpur (6 papers), Indian Institute of Gujarat 8 11 19 2.17 1.42 1.67 Technology, Kharagpur (5 papers), etc. Haryana 3 10 13 0.82 1.29 1.14 Rajasthan 4 6 10 1.09 0.78 0.88 Among the hospitals, the largest number of papers (96) was contributed Madhya Pradesh 2 7 9 0.54 0.91 0.79 by Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, followed by Lok Nayak Hospital, Pondicherry 1 4 5 0.27 0.52 0.44 Delhi and Dr Balabhai Nanavati Hospital, Mumbai (13 papers each), Total of the 368 773 1141 100.00 100.00 Institute of Rotary Cancer Hospital, New Delhi (12 papers), Nargis country Dutt Memorial Cancer Hospital (10 papers), etc.

Among the universities, the largest number of papers (29) was Table 10: Distribution of Indian cervical cancer contributed by CS Maharaj Medical University, Lucknow, followed by research output by population age groups, 2003- University of Delhi, Center for Biomedical Research (26 papers), Panjab 2012 University, Chandiagrh (22 papers), Manipal University (13 papers), Number of papers Share of papers University of Lucknow and Bharathidisan University (9 papers each), etc. 2003- 2008- 2003- 2003- 2008- 2003- 2007 2012 2012 2007 2012 2012 Adults 170 419 589 46.2 54.20 51.62 Indian cervical cancer research output by Middle aged 122 244 366 33.2 31.57 32.08 population age group Aged 107 153 260 29.1 19.79 22.79 The major focus of cervical cancer research among different Adolescent 36 74 110 9.8 9.57 9.64 population age groups was on adults, with 51.62% share of 368 773 1141 100.0 100.00 100.00

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Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh (71 papers) together have contributed 22.17% (253 papers) share in the and Chittranjan Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata (51 papers) The cumulative publications output of India in cervical cancer research ACPP registered by the total papers of these 14 organizations was 6.92 during 2003-2012. Four authors have registered higher publications during 2003-2012 and five organizations have registered higher citation share than the group average of 18.07. They are Das with research impact than the group average. They are Cancer Institute, Chennai output of 35 papers, followed Basu (27 papers), Sodhani (21 with citation impact per paper of 14.74, followed by Regional Cancer papers) and Bhatia (20 papers). Six authors have registered more Center, Trivandrum (13.09), Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, than the ACPP (6.31) of the 14 Indian authors. They are Das with Trivandrum (13.00), Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai (10.01) and ACPP of 11.15, followed by Mohantshetty (9.73), Srivastava (9.53), Chittranjan Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata (8.33). The average Das (8.80), Batra (8.38) and Basu (6.59). During 2003-2012. Six HI value of these 14 Indian organizations was 11.78 and five Indian authors have registered more than the average HI (6.87) of the organizations have achieved higher HI value than the group’s average. 14 Indian authors during 2003-2012. They are Das with HI of 14, These are Regional Cancer Center, Trivandrum with HI value of 16, followed by Basu and Bhatia (9 each), Batra and Panda (8 each) followed by Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai (16), Rajiv Gandhi Centre and Sodhani (7). Six authors have registered more than the average for Biotechnology, Trivandrum (15), Chittranjan Cancer Research share of ICP (20.95%) of the 14 Indian authors. They are Basu Institute, Kolkata (15) and All India Institute of Medical Sciences, with average international collaborative share of papers of 62.96%, New Delhi (13). The average international collaborative share of followed by Bhatia (50.00%), Panda (33.33%), Engineer (30.77%), 14 Indian organizations was 21.75% and five Indian organizations Srivastava (26.67%) and Sobti (25.0%) [Table 12]. have achieved higher international collaborative share than the group’s average. They are Regional Cancer Center, Trivandrum with Research communication in high productive international collaborative share of 51.43%, followed by Chittranjan journals Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata (49.02%), Cancer Institute, The 20 most productive journals publishing Indian research papers Chennai (44.44%), Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai (35.42%) and in cervical cancer research together contributed 418 papers, which Panjab University, Chandigarh (22.73%). accounts for 36.63% share of the total output of India during 2003- 2012. The cumulative publications output share of these 20 most Contribution and impact of top 14 most productive productive journals showed a decrease in India’s publications output Indian authors from 41.30% during 2003-2007 to 34.41% during 2008-2012 [Table 13]. The top 14 most productive Indian authors involved in cervical cancer research have published 13 or more papers each during SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION 2003-2012. The scientometric profile of these 14 authors along with their research output, citations received and HI values are India has contributed 1141 papers in cervical cancer, during 2003- presented in Table 12. These 14 authors in cervical cancer research 2012, which has increased from 72 to 195 papers during 2003-

Table 11: Scientometric profile of most productive 14 Indian institutions in cervical cancer research, 2003-2012 Name of organization TP TC ACPP HI ICP % ICP Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai 96 961 10.01 16 34 35.42 All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 80 366 4.58 13 13 16.25 Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 71 293 4.13 10 8 11.27 Chittranjan Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata 51 425 8.33 15 25 49.02 Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Lucknow 38 217 5.71 10 1 2.63 Regional Cancer Center, Trivandrum 35 458 13.09 16 18 51.43 Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Noida 32 185 5.78 10 1 3.13 CSM Medical University, Lucknow 29 119 4.10 9 2 6.90 Cancer Institute, Chennai 27 398 14.74 10 12 44.44 Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore 26 101 3.88 9 4 15.38 Maulana Azad Medical College, Delhi 26 73 2.81 7 0 0.00 Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Trivandrum 24 312 13.00 15 1 4.17 Kidwai Memorial Institute of Oncology, Bangalore 23 150 6.52 9 4 17.39 Panjab University, Chandigarh 22 116 5.27 7 5 22.73 Kasturba Medical College, Manipal 20 55 2.75 4 4 20.00 Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata 16 36 2.25 5 2 12.50 Total of 14 organizations 616 4265 6.92 11.78 134 21.75 Total of India 1141 Share of 14 organizations in total Indian output 53.99 TP: Total papers, TC: Total citations, ACPP: Average citation per paper, ICP: International collaborative papers, HI: h‑index

Table 12: Scientometric profile of 14 most productive Indian authors in cervical cancer research, 2003-2012 Name of author Affiliation of the author TP TC ACPP HI ICP % ICP Das Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Noida 35 308 8.80 14 1 2.86 Basu Chittranjan Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata 27 178 6.59 9 17 62.96 Sodhani Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Noida 21 51 2.43 7 0 0.00 Bhatia All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 20 125 6.25 9 10 50.00 Patel Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 18 110 6.11 6 1 5.56 Batra Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 16 134 8.38 8 3 18.75 Sobti Panjab University, Chandigarh 16 68 4.25 6 4 25.00 Panda Chittranjan Cancer Research Institute, Kolkata 15 64 4.27 8 5 33.33 Srivastava Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai 15 143 9.53 4 4 26.67 Mohantshetty Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai 15 146 9.73 4 3 20.00 Nijhawan Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 14 37 2.64 4 1 7.14 Singh Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Noida 14 53 3.79 5 0 0.00 Sehgal Institute of Cytology and Preventive Oncology, Noida 14 35 2.50 5 0 0.00 Engineer Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai 13 145 11.15 5 4 30.77 Total of 14 authors 253 1597 6.31 6.27 53 20.95 Total of India 1141 Share of 14 authors in total Indian output 22.17 TP: Total papers, TC: Total citations, ACPP: Average citation per paper, ICP: International collaborative papers, HI: h‑index

Table 13: Media of communication of Indian 2012, registering an annual average growth rate of 13.05%. India’s scientists in most productive journals in cervical publications in cervical cancer have registered citation impact per cancer research, 2003-2012 paper of 5.04 during 2003-2012, which has decreased from 5.69 Name of the journal Number of papers during 2003-2007 to 4.73 during 2008-2012. India is ranked at 8th 2003- 2008- 2003- place in global research output and its global share in cervical cancer 2007 2012 2012 research was 4.05% during 2003-2012, which has increased from Journal of Cancer Research and 10 36 46 3.12% during 2003-2007 to 4.71% during 2008-2012. India’s global Therapeutics Indian Journal of Pathology and 22 22 44 publication rank has also increased from 9th during 2003-2007 Microbiology to 5th during 2008-2012. India’s global citation share was 1.83% Asia and Pacific Journal of Cancer 5 36 41 (with 14th global rank among top 15 countries) during 2003-2012, Prevention which has increased from 1.26% during 2003-2007 to 2.47% during International Journal of Gynecological 17 15 32 2008-2012. India’s publications in cervical cancer has registered a Cancer Indian Journal of Cancer 13 17 30 RCI of 0.45 (with 13th rank among top 15 countries), which has Diagnostic Cytopathology 9 15 24 increased from 0.40 during 2003-2007 to 0.52 during 2008-2012. Gynecologic Oncology 16 8 24 India’s share of international collaborative publications in cervical Acta Cytologica 8 14 22 cancer was 12.74% during 2003-2012, which has decreased from Indian Journal of Medical Research 3 16 19 13.96% to 12.12% from 2003-2007 to 2008-2012. The largest International Journal of Cancer 11 7 18 publication share (83.17%) in Indian cervical cancer research comes Journal of the Indian Medical Association 13 3 16 from medicine, followed by biochemistry, genetics and molecular International Journal of Gynecology and 5 10 15 Obstetrics biology (31.90%), pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 1 12 13 (4.29%) and immunology and microbiology (3.59%) during Neurology India 5 8 13 2003-2012. Among various subjects, the largest citation impact Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 1 11 12 per paper (7.90) was made by immunology and microbiology, Clinical Oncology 6 4 10 followed by biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (6.97), Vaccine 0 10 10 pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics (5.65) and medicine Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging 1 9 10 (4.67) during 2003-2012. The largest share (46.01%) among Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 3 7 10 different types of cervical cancer publications was in squamous cell Research International Journal of Radiation 3 6 9 carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma (7.10%), adenosquamous Oncology Biology Physics carcinoma (1.75%) and clear cell carcinoma (0.26%) during 2003- Total of 20 Journals 152 266 418 2012. Radiotherapy and screening, among different treatment Total of the country 368 773 1141 methods used in cervical cancer, registered the largest publication Share of the 20 journals in country’s output 41.3 34.41 36.63 share of 18.05% each, followed by diagnosis (16.74%), genetics

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(10.96%), prognosis (10.34%), chemotherapy (10.25%), surgery journals contributed 418 papers, which accounts for 36.63% share (8.94%), pathology (7.98%), epidemiology (1.31%), quality of of the total output of India during 2003-2012. life (0.79%) and palliative care (0.70%) during 2003-2012. Delhi, among Indian states and union territories, contributed the largest REFERENCES publication share (21.21%) to cervical cancer research, followed 1. Available from: http://www.canceraustralia.gov.au/affected‑cancer/ by Maharashtra (18.05%), Uttar Pradesh (13.32%), Karnataka cancer‑types/gynaecological‑cancers/cervical‑cancer, 2014. [Last (11.57%), Tamil Nadu (9.90%), West Bengal (9.47%), Chandigarh accessed on 2014 Sep 09]. (7.36%) etc., during 2003-2012. Among different type of Indian 2. Satija A. Cervical cancer in India. Available from: http://www.sancd.org/ uploads/pdf/cervical‑cancer.pdf. [Last accessed on 2014 Sep 09]. organizations contributing to cervical cancer, the largest share 3. Cervical Cancer. Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/pdf/ (27.34%) comes from 41 medical colleges, followed by 27 cervical‑facts.pdf. [Last accessed on 2014 Sep 09]. research institutes (24.36%), 12 institutes of national importance 4. Cervical Cancer Global Crisis Card, 2013. Available from: http:// www.cervicalcancerfreecoalition.org/wp‑content/uploads/ (20.25%), 16 hospitals (14.29%), 19 universities (13.15%), 8 others Cervical‑Cancer‑Global‑Crisis‑Card‑2013.pdf. [Last accessed on 2014 (2.19%) during 2003-2012. The largest focus of cervical cancer Sep 09]. research (with 51.62% share of papers) was on adults, followed 5. India Tops Cervical Cancer Deaths: Study, 2013. Available from: http:// www.greaterkashmir.com/news/2013/May/11/India‑tops‑cervical‑cancer‑ by middle aged (32.08%), aged (22.79%) and adolescents (9.64%) deaths‑study‑42.asp. [Last accessed on 2014 Sep 09]. during 2003-2012. The 14 most productive Indian organizations 6. Cervical cancer, 2014. Available from: http://www.globocan.iarc.fr/Pages/ contributing to cervical cancer research has contributed 616 papers, fact_sheets_cancer.aspx. [Last accessed on 2014 Sep 09]. 7. Cancer Statistics worldwide/WCRF, 2013. Available from: http://www. accounting for 53.99% of the country’s publication output. The wcrf.org/cancer_statistics/world_cancer_statistics.php. average productivity, average citation impact per paper, HI and 8. Patra SK, Bhattacharya P. Bibliometric study of cancer research in India. share of ICP of the 14 most productive Indian organizations DESIDOC Bull Inf Technol 2005;25:11‑8. 9. Lewison G, Roe P. The evaluation of Indian cancer research, 1990‑2010. were 44.0, 6.92, 11.78 and 21.75% during 2003-2012. The 14 Scientometrics 2012;93:167‑81. most productive Indian authors contributing to cervical cancer 10. Aparna B, Roe P, Lewison G. The Indian Diaspora in Cancer Research a research has contributed 253 papers, accounting for 22.17% of Bibliometric Assessment for Canada and the USA. Available from: http:// www.sticonference.org/Proceedings/vol1/Basu_Indian_110.pdf. [Last the country’s publication output during 2003-2012. The average accessed on 2014 Sep 09]. productivity, average citation impact per paper, HI and share of How to cite this article: Gupta R, Gupta BM, Ahmed M, Tiwari ICP of the 14 most productive Indian authors were 18.07, 6.31, R. Cervical cancer in India: A scientometric study of publications, 6.87 and 20.95% during 2003-2012. Among the most productive 2003-2012. Onc Gas Hep Rep 2014;3:4-13. Nil, None declared. journals contributing to cervical cancer research, the top 20 Source of Support: Conflict of Interest:

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