Pipe Organ Stop Identification Via Non-Negative Matrix Factorization
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Modern Organ Stops
Modern Organ Stops MODERN ORGAN STOPS A practical Guide to their Nomenclature, Construction, Voicing and Artistic use W ITH A GL OSSARY OF TE CHNICAL TE RMS relating to the Science of Tone-Production from Organ Pipes B Y T H E R E V E R E N D N O E L A . B O N A V IA -H U N T , M.A. PEMBROK E COLLEGE, OX FORD (Author of ≈Studies in Organ Tone,∆ ≈The Church Organ,∆ & c.) ≈Omne tulit punctum qui miscuit utile dulci.∆ƒ HORACE: ≈Ars Poetica.∆ BARDON ENTERPRISES PORTSMOU TH First published by Musical Opinion, 1923. Copyright, © 1923 by Musical Opinion Copyright, this edition © 1998 by Bardon Enterprises This edition published in 1998 by Bardon Enterprises, reproduced by permission All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owners. ISBN: 1-902222-04-0 Typeset and printed in England by Bardon Enterprises. Bound in England by Ronarteuro. Portsmouth, Hampshire, England. Preface HE issue of this book is due wholly to the desire to place before the student a guide, sufficiently concise, and withal adequately Tcomprehensive, to the clearer understanding of the science of or- gan tone-production. To the casual observer the alphabetical ar- rangement of stop-names would seem doubtless to convey the impres- sion that yet a third dictionary of organ stops has been offered to the public. A closer scrutiny, however, should convince the reader that these pages do not seek to cover the same ground occupied by the ex- cellent treatises of W edgwood and of Audsley, but will, it is hoped, reveal the true aim and scope of the author. -
Buzard Pipe Organ Builders, Opus 41 Trinity Lutheran Church, Sheboygan, Wisconsin
Cover feature The console Winding system showing stop action trundles above Buzard Pipe Organ Builders, a synthesis of these colors into the well- Trinity Lutheran Church’s director of we draw upon an intimate knowledge Champaign, Illinois precedented framework of classic organ- music, Brian Heinlein. We were asked of many styles and schools of voicing, as Opus 41, Trinity Lutheran Church, building, not from a rejection of the to create the quintessential “Lutheran well as aspects of tonal design, for the Sheboygan, Wisconsin lessons the Organ Reform Movement organ” for Trinity parish’s expansive and particular musical contexts at hand. Add taught. An organ for Lutheran worship impressive music program, combining to that sensitivity for one’s individual From the artistic director must be classically conceived, with a the overall effect of our own “house style and you have the making of art. Sometimes great new organs result hierarchical ordering of the divisions style” with the specific items that dif- Ours is one of few modern commercial when materials from older instruments and the choruses within those divisions. ferentiate the two. The result of the full organbuilding firms that dares to believe are recrafted and repurposed. Many (Oh . but that’s also how we go about organ, and the ability to make seamless it can create a unique place in the pro- of the best builders throughout history designing an Anglican organ as well . .) crescendos and diminuendos, is that fession and its history by developing an have reused former instruments to vary- The greatest artists throughout his- of a Buzard organ—one simply gets to individual artistic style. -
The Fabulous 'Beer Can' Organ
Now the organist could practice his BOMBARDENostalgia selections for the morrow and the organ committee members need never know that a lowly beer can was making THE FABULOUS it possible. The incident got Art Stopes to think ing about beer cans and organs. Per 'BEER CAN' ORGAN haps these beer cans had special quali ties which merited further investigation. Story by Stu Green Photo Copying by Bill Lamb He wondered how the plated ferrous metal from which they are stamped Art Stopes has led a colorful life, But if one were to ask Art about the would compare with pipe metal tonally. by any man's standards, and especially adventure which stands out in bold Tone from beer cans? You've gotta be those of organ enthusiasts. His entire relief as the most memorable, he'll an out of your skull, Art Stopes! life, since the age of 15 has been domi swer without hesitation, "my beer can The idea not only persisted but de nated by pipe organs - and he's still organ!" veloped. Soon Art knew that he was going strong. The year was 1942 and Art was in going to build some sort of a wind Art got his "baptism of fire" when stalling an organ in a Philadelphia church. It had to be ready for a dedi blown instrument, and the music would he was apprenticed to the Aeolian come from beer cans! Organ Co., in Garwood, New Jersey, cation concert the next day and time Being a craftsman, Art Stopes first just after his 15th birthday. -
Protégé™ Chamber Series™ CF-2A, C3a & C-6
Protégé™ Chamber Series™ CF-2a, C3a & C-6 CF-2a, C-3a and C-6 Copyright © 2003 Allen Organ Company All Rights Reserved AOC P/N 033-00105 Revised 6/2/05 ALLEN ORGAN COMPANY For more than sixty years--practically the entire history of electronic organs-- Allen Organ Company has built the finest organs that technology would allow. In 1939, Allen built and marketed the world’s first electronic oscillator organ. The tone generators for this instrument used two hundred forty-four vacuum tubes, contained about five thousand components, and weighed nearly three hundred pounds. Even with all this equipment, the specification included relatively few stops. By 1959, Allen had replaced vacuum tubes in oscillator organs with transistors. Thousands of transistorized instruments were built, including some of the largest, most sophisticated oscillator organs ever designed. Only a radical technological breakthrough could improve upon the performance of Allen’s oscillator organs. Such a breakthrough came in conjunction with the United States Space Program in the form of highly advanced digital microcircuits. In 1971, Allen produced and sold the world’s first musical instrument utilizing digitally sampled voices! Your organ is significantly advanced since the first generation Allen digital instrument. Organs with Renaissance™ technology are the product of years of advancements in digital sound and control techniques by Allen Organ Company. This system represents the apex of digital technology applied to exacting musical tasks. The result is a musical instrument of remarkably advanced tone quality and performance. Congratulations on the purchase of your new Allen Organ! You have acquired the most advanced electronic organ ever built, one that harnesses a sophisticated custom computer system to create and control beautiful organ sound. -
2017 Pipe Organ Report
ORGAN REPORT 2604 N. Swan Blvd., Wauwatosa, WI 53226 JUNE 1, 2017 “Beauty evangelizes, and a new organ will strengthen the Christ King mission to proclaim Christ and make disciples in the world.” Table of Contents A Letter From the Organ Committee.................Pg. 2 The Organ Committee Process..........................Pg. 3 Addendum 1 of 2: Riedel Organ Condition Report..................Pg. 4-15 Addendum 2 of 2: Type of Organs.............................................Pg.16-20 From theTHE Committee... PIPE ORGAN AT CHRIST KING PARISH The Organ Committee at Christ King Parish was formed in 2015 at the request of the Pastoral Council and the Worship Committee to evaluate the condition of our current organ, plus its present and future role in our community. This report will provide details on the failing condition of our organ, the cost for refurbishment vs the cost of replacing the instrument and the vetting of organ building companies. In 2007, the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops (USCCB) issued a document entitled, “Sing to the Lord: Music in Divine Worship”. Drawing from several centuries of organ use in the Catholic Church the Bishops stated the following about organs: 87. Among all other instruments which are suitable for divine worship, the organ is “accorded pride of place” because of its capacity to sustain the singing of a large gathered assembly, due to both its size and its ability to give “resonance to the fullness of human sentiments, from joy to sadness, from praise to lamentation.” Likewise,” the manifold possibilities of the organ in some way remind us of the immensity and the magnificence of God” 88. -
Theatre Owner's Manual
TH-202/TH-302 Theatre Models IMPORTANT! Organs which contain GeniSys™ technology no longer include the GeniSys™ Controller Guide within the model specific Owner’s Manual. The correct GeniSys™ Controller Guide must be downloaded and/or printed separately. Please check the CODE version of the software installed within the organ to determine which version of the GeniSys™ Controller Guide is required. The CODE version is briefly displayed within the GeniSys™ Controller’s LCD display when the organ starts up. Copyright © 2016 Allen Organ Company All Rights Reserved AOC P/N 033-00221-1 Revised 10/2016 ALLEN ORGAN COMPANY For more than sixty years--practically the entire history of electronic organs-- Allen Organ Company has built the finest organs that technology would allow. In 1939, Allen built and marketed the world’s first electronic oscillator organ. The tone generators for this instrument used two hundred forty-four vacuum tubes, contained about five thousand components, and weighed nearly three hundred pounds. Even with all this equipment, the specification included relatively few stops. By 1959, Allen had replaced vacuum tubes in oscillator organs with transistors. Thousands of transistorized instruments were built, including some of the largest, most sophisticated oscillator organs ever designed. Only a radical technological breakthrough could improve upon the performance of Allen’s oscillator organs. Such a breakthrough came in conjunction with the United States Space Program in the form of highly advanced digital microcircuits. In 1971, Allen produced and sold the world’s first musical instrument utilizing digitally sampled voices! Your organ is significantly advanced since the first generation Allen digital instrument. -
From Basement to Barcheston Paul Hale
something old, something new FROM BASEMENT TO BARCHESTON Paul Hale This is the story of the organ now to be found in the delightful Warwickshire church at Barcheston. It begins in 1973, when Longstaff & Jones (Telford-based organ-builders and maintainers) advertised in the organ press that they would like to build a new, small pipe organ. Geoffrey Holroyde had yearned for some time for a small house organ for regular practice, so Longstaff & Jones were soon engaged to build for him a compact instrument, using direct-electric action. The successful design consisted of four ranks of pipes (and a quiet electronic pedal Bourdon) providing two manuals and pedals, with no couplers thereby avoiding too much extension with its attendant ‘missing notes’. Tickell case design for Barcheston The carefully chosen vintage ranks of pipes were: A Wooden stopped Gedackt 8ft extended to 4ft 68 pipes B Open metal (stopped from TC down) 8ft 56 pipes C Smaller scale open metal 4ft extended to 2ft 68 pipes D Oboe (for the Pedal Organ) 8ft 30 pipes Specification: Lower manual B8ft A8ft C4ft A4ft C2ft Upper manual C8ft (bottom octave from B) A8ft C4ft A4ft Barcheston Church looking East Pedal 16ft D8ft B8ft A8ft B4ft A4ft C2ft 48 • March 2020 something old, something new The opening recital in Geoffrey’s house was given by the youthful Edward Higginbottom, who before Cambridge had played for Geoffrey’s flourishing choir at St Mary’s Collegiate Church, Warwick. In 1979, Geoffrey and his, by then, large family moved to a spacious Victorian four-storey house. -
Question: Is It Ok to Play a Pipe Organ During COVID? There's Debate in Our Church Whether, Since This Is a Wind Instrument, It Will Blow Covid Particles Around
American Guild of Organists Committee on Career Development and Support - COVID-19 and Organists: Q & A https://www.agohq.org/covid-19-and-organists-q-a/ Question: Is it ok to play a pipe organ during COVID? There's debate in our church whether, since this is a wind instrument, it will blow Covid particles around. Research shows that minute Covid droplets attach themselves to dust particles and disperse in the air for 2-4 hours. The organ is in an enclosed chamber 10ft above the floor of the balcony, and 25 feet above the congregation in a very large building. The blower is located in a tower well above the balcony. Thanks. Responses: 1) from Jeffrey Dexter, President of the American Institute of Organbuilders... I would tend to agree ... that the organ would not be any more of an agent of virus spread than say, for example, a building HVAC system – likely even less. Although I cannot offer any factual evidence that would corroborate that claim, common sense seems to indicate such. My greater concern would be for any assembly/choral singing within a space (as tempting as it is to burst forth into song upon hearing an organ play). I am copying a number of my AIO colleagues – a cross section of persons – if only to provide further reinforcement to that which I have suggested – or perhaps, to take a wholly different opinion. This is the first such question about the pipe organ being a potential 'distribution agent' for the COVID-19 virus. We've been fielding questions about the sanitization of manual keyboards – especially in parishes where multiple organists use the same instrument. -
Organ Registration: the Organist’S Palette—An Orchestra at Your Fingertips by Dr
Organ Registration: The Organist’s Palette—An Orchestra at Your Fingertips By Dr. Bradley Hunter Welch I. Basic Review of Organ Tone (see www.organstops.org for reference) A. Two types of tone—flue & reed 1. Flue a. Principals (“Principal, Diapason, Montre, Octave, Super Octave, Fifteenth”) & Mixtures b. Flutes (any name containing “flute” or “flöte” or “flauto” as well as “Bourdon, Gedeckt, Nachthorn, Quintaton”) c. Strings (“Viole de Gambe, Viole Celeste, Voix Celeste, Violone, Gamba”) 2. Reed (“Trompette, Hautbois [Oboe], Clarion, Fagotto [Basson], Bombarde, Posaune [Trombone], English Horn, Krummhorn, Clarinet”, etc.) a. Conical reeds i. “Chorus” reeds—Trompette, Bombarde, Clarion, Hautbois ii. Orchestral, “imitative” reeds—English Horn, French Horn b. Cylindrical reeds (very prominent even-numbered overtones) i. Baroque, “color” reeds— Cromorne, Dulzian, some ex. of Schalmei (can also be conical) ii. Orchestral, “imitative” reeds—Clarinet (or Cor di Bassetto or Basset Horn) Listen to pipes in the bottom range and try to hear harmonic development. Begin by hearing the prominent 2nd overtone of the Cromorne 8' (overtone at 2 2/3' pitch); then hear 4th overtone (at 1 3/5'). B. Pitch name on stop indicates “speaking” length of the pipe played by low C on that rank II. Scaling A. Differences in scale among families of organ tone 1. Flutes are broadest scale (similar to “oo” or “oh” vowel) 2. Principals are in the middle—narrower than flutes (similar to “ah” vowel) 3. Strings are narrowest scale (similar to “ee” vowel) B. Differences in scale according to era of organ construction 1. In general, organs built in early 20th century (1920s-1940s): principals and flutes are broad in scale (darker, fuller sound), and strings tend to be very thin, keen. -
Organ Stop Layout
CATHEDRAL RUFFATI ORGAN PIPE AND DIGITAL STOP LIST Pipe Stop PEDAL Pipe Reed Stop Digital Stop Clarion 4’ Rschlmei 4’ Trumpet Clarion 4’ 8’ Bombarde 16 Contra Contrabombarde Fagotta 16’ 32 Basson 16 Cbombarde 32 Octavin 2 CTrptte 16’ CBasson 32 Nachthorn 4’ Super Octave 4’ Choralbass 4’ Mixture Nachthorn 4’ Flute 8’ Subbass 16 Bordun 16’ Octave 8 Gedeckt Pommer 16 Bourdon 16’ Principal 16’ Principal 16’ Open Wood 16’ Contra Bourdon 32 TO ACCESS THE DIGITAL STOPS 1. Hold SET Button and pull draw knob of piston you wish to access 2. Use dial on right side of organ to select voice. Most have 2 voices, some have more. 3. Depress E to access the digital voice along with the pipe voice located on that drawknob 4. Depress P to mute the pipe sound and use only digital on that manual 5. Always depress “EXP on” piston to gain complete control over the volume of the organ with the sw/ch pedals 6. The “P” and “E” pistons on Great controls the pipe digital divisions for the manual as well as the pedal CATHEDRAL RUFFATI ORGAN PIPE AND DIGITAL STOP LIST SWELL Tremulant Unison Off Affects digital stops also Swell Swell 16 4 Vox Humana Clarion 4 V Humaine 8’ Clairon 4 Strings Clarion 4 Slow Strings Trompette 8 Trompette 8 Oboe 8’ Trumpet 8 Hautbois 8 Htbois 8 Tierce Contra 1 3/5 Fagotto 16 Tierce 1 3/5 Basoon 16 Cymbale III Fourniture C Trptte 16 IV Doublette 2’ Nazard Flauto 2 2/3 Venezian 4 Principal 4 Prestant 4 Unda Maris Gedeckt 8’ Bourdon 8’ Fl Harm 8 Viola Celeste 8’ Viola Pomposa 8 Diapason 8 Geigen Principal 8’ Gedect Pommer 16 Bdn Doux 16 C Gambe -
ORGAN SEARCH COMMITTEE REPORT First Presbyterian Church, Boone NC
ORGAN SEARCH COMMITTEE REPORT First Presbyterian Church, Boone NC June 19, 2018 TABLE OF CONTENTS 2018 WHY AN ORGAN NOW? ...................................... 2 SUMMARY .................................................................. 3 Mandate…. .................................................................................. 3 Starting Point………………………………………………………………………………………….3 Options…………………………………………………………………………………………………….4 The Way Forward…………………………………………………………………………………….5 Organ Options: Pros and Cons……………………………………………………………….6 FULL REPORT……………………………………………………….7 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………….…7 Scope and Guidelines……………………………………………………………………………..7 Background……………………………………………………………………………………………..9 Current Condition of the Gawthrop Organ ..………………………………………….9 Pipe Organ Considerations and Recommendations ..……………………….…11 Digital Organs……………………………………………………………………………………….12 Digital Organ Considerations and Recommendations ..………………………13 Digital Organ Analysis………………………………………………………………………..…14 Search Committee’s Recommended Organ ……..…………………………………15 2018 WHY AN ORGAN NOW? At First Presbyterian we utilize many tools to help us recognize God in our midst, sacred vessels, vestments, paraments, flowers, etc. Additionally, musical instruments inspire our song and aid us in reflection. We have a beautiful piano, guitars, violins, keyboards, and yes drums, all of which bring a variety of music to life. Of all the instruments heard in a worship service, the organ is the largest and most versatile. Because of its aural and visual presence -
Tracing Seven Hundred Years of Organ Registration 1300 – Present ---SCW (2010)
Tracing Seven Hundred Years of Organ Registration 1300 – Present ---SCW (2010) . portions used for ALCM Conference workshop, “This, That, Neither, or Both,” June 2012, Bethlehem, PA, So, this all started when a student asked me questions about Spanish music about which I had not a clue . just think what would happen if they asked me about something really complicated!! _________________ 12 th century Theophilus, a monk, documented an organ that contained an ensemble of pipes speaking in octaves and fifths known as a Blockwerk , literally a ‘block of sound’ from which individual ranks could not be separated. 14 th and 15 th centuries – Late Medieval Organs Multiple manuals and split-chest systems enabled separating the Principal ranks from the higher Mixture sounds. By the 14 th century, there were pedals, fully chromatic keyboards, and tripartite façade arrangements accommodating large ‘bourdon’ or ‘tenor’ pipes. By the 2 nd half of the 14 th century, there was the addition of secondary manual and pedals on separate actions and wind chests. For organs built c. 1350-1400 (which can be translated to modern organs): >simple organ would be a Blockwerk of Mixtures, probably based on 4-foot pitch >double organ would add an octave lower at 8-foot pitch >RH would probably feature a decorative treble voice on the Blockwerk sound, while the LH on the ten lowest keys would sound the tenor on sustained Principals >the organ could be played so that only the ten tenor keys of the main manual were doubled an octave lower >4-foot Principal stops on a separate manual is an option >8-foot plenum for the tenor on one keyboard with other voices on the 4’ plenum Organ built in 1361, renovated in 1498, described by Praetorius: >two upper manuals were called Diskant with 22-note chromatic compass >third manual or Bassklavier had 12 keys from B to b >pedal had the same one-octave compass The Principal chorus of inseparable registers is the most heavily documented type of late- medieval organ.