DOCSLIB.ORG

REVIEW ARTICLE a Research Strategy for Biodiversity Conservation on New Zealand’S Offshore Islands

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
REVIEW ARTICLE a Research Strategy for Biodiversity Conservation on New Zealand’S Offshore Islands AvailableTowns et on-lineal.: Offshore at: http://www.newzealandecology.org/nzje/ island research strategy 1 REVIEW ARTICLE A research strategy for biodiversity conservation on New Zealand’s offshore islands David R. Towns1*, Peter J. Bellingham2, Christa P. H. Mulder3 and Phil O’B. Lyver2 1Research and Development Group, Department of Conservation, Private Bag 68 908, Newton, Auckland 1145, New Zealand 2Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand 3 Department of Biology & Wildlife & Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA *Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) Published on-line: 14 December 2011 Abstract: New Zealand’s offshore islands are refuges for many threatened species, a high proportion of vertebrate diversity, and the world’s most diverse fauna of seabirds. We present key issues and questions that can be used to guide research on the conservation of biodiversity on these islands. Four global reviews formed a basis from which we identified research questions of potential relevance to the management of these islands. The research questions were assigned in the context of nine objectives proposed as a means of achieving ecological integrity. For each of the nine objectives, we then asked what has been achieved in terms of island research and management, and what needs to be achieved in order to meet long-term goals. We used local examples to identify issues and questions specific to the islands of New Zealand. Our analyses revealed two research areas in which current understanding is poor. One is the need to understand ecosystem processes and their resilience to long-term environmental change. The second is the need to define and better understand the consequences of direct involvement by the public in the management of islands, including partnerships between government agencies, tangata whenua (original people of the land – Māori) and non-government organisations such as community groups. Keywords: climate change; community involvement; ecological integrity; ecosystem composition; ecosystem processes; environmental representation; extinctions and declines; invasive species; needs assessment; pollutants; sustainable use. Introduction elsewhere. Notably, the islands support a disproportionally large amount of the national biodiversity of vertebrates (Daugherty Island ecosystems worldwide are particularly vulnerable to et al. 1990), including 85 species of seabirds, 42% of which extinctions (Carlquist 1965; Quammen 1996; Wilson 2002). are regionally or nationally endemic (Taylor 2000). At least In New Zealand, 41% of all bird species have become extinct 95 (17%) of the 577 invaded islands > 1 ha have now been since human settlement began about 730 years ago (Tennyson cleared of all introduced mammalian predators and herbivores & Martinson 2006). The New Zealand Government’s (Parkes & Murphy 2003; Towns in press), with benefits for Biodiversity Strategy (NZBS), coordinated by the Department the conservation of numerous species of plants and animals of Conservation (DOC) and the Ministry for the Environment (Towns et al. 2009b; Bellingham et al. 2010a). These island (MfE), was a response to continuing population declines of restoration efforts include initiatives that involve tangata many remaining species of flora and fauna, concerns about whenua (original people of the land or Māori) and community habitat deterioration, and the effects of biological invasions groups (e.g. Mansfield & Towns 1997; Hunt & Williams (DOC & MfE 2000). One goal of the NZBS is to ‘maintain 2000), as part of an increasing interest and involvement of and restore a full range of natural habitats and ecosystems to Māori and non-Māori in hands-on conservation management a healthy functioning state; enhance critically rare habitats (Hardie-Boys 2010). … and maintain and restore viable populations of indigenous About 250 (34%) of the 735 islands >1 ha are managed by species and subspecies across their natural range and maintain DOC (Parkes & Murphy 2003), including all subtropical and their genetic diversity’. The NZBS also advises agencies to subantarctic islands under New Zealand administration. How develop research strategies that identify gaps in the knowledge DOC will contribute to objectives of the NZBS is defined in and understanding of key threats to biodiversity. an annual statement of intent to Parliament. Since the NZBS Like islands globally (Caujapé-Castells et al 2010), does not provide methods for measuring progress towards its New Zealand’s offshore islands are a crucial component of goals, changes in the condition of biodiversity are measured by its natural habitats. The origins, distribution and history of DOC through changes in ecological integrity (e.g. DOC 2009). conservation on these islands are described in detail in Towns A similar approach is used to support measurements of the & Ballantine (1993), Towns et al. (1997) and Bellingham status of natural resources by agencies such as Parks Canada et al. (2010a). In brief, New Zealand’s offshore islands span (reviewed by Lee et al. 2005). In New Zealand, ecological a latitudinal range nearly twice that of the main North and integrity is defined as ‘the full potential of indigenous biotic South islands, maintain populations of species endemic to and abiotic features, and natural processes, functioning in specific archipelagos, and contain relict populations extinct sustainable communities, habitats and landscapes’ (Lee et al. New Zealand Journal of Ecology (2012) 36(1): 1-20 © New Zealand Ecological Society. 2 New Zealand Journal of Ecology, Vol. 36, No. 1, 2012 2005). Achieving improved ecological integrity relies on the island restoration projects (e.g. Towns et al. 2011). For this goal support and participation of communities of people, a point to be met, relationships will need to be strengthened through regularly emphasised in DOC’s statements of intent (e.g. DOC improved mutual understanding and defined social goals. 2008, 2009, 2010a), and accommodated in two of the indicators Participation in conservation activities as well as measuring (objectives) listed by Lee et al. (2005). Combined views of their outcomes (e.g. Jackson 2001) should also help with the biodiversity and social goals through multi-scaled systems wider goal of involving residents in the eradication of problem analysis is increasingly advocated as the most effective long- organisms from the larger, inhabited islands. term approach to measuring and resolving problems related to Finally, the New Zealand Government has a relationship environmental change (e.g. White et al. 2008; Anderson et al. with Māori through the Treaty of Waitangi that is enshrined 2009; Lindemayer & Hunter 2010; Sterling et al. 2010). in legislation (e.g. Section 4 of the Conservation Act 1987). Biodiversity management and community participation This relationship carries with it opportunities and obligations on New Zealand offshore islands are likely to advance most that are reflected in other goals of the NZBS (DOC & MfE rapidly if long-term goals are defined for all islands (Atkinson 2000): protecting the interests Māori have in indigenous 1990; DOC & MfE 2000; DOC 2010b). This possibility was biodiversity, building and strengthening their partnerships recognised by DOC and Landcare Research, who requested that with Crown agencies, and conserving and sustainably using we identify information needs and promote them to funding indigenous biodiversity. The challenge will be to understand agencies as national priorities. Here we demonstrate how cross-cultural views of environmental management (Taiepa national priorities for our offshore islands could be informed et al. 1997). by listing key issues and questions relating to the management of biodiversity. To achieve this, we identified global research questions that may be applicable to New Zealand and locally Methods relevant biodiversity issues. We then sorted these according to indicators of change in ecological integrity. Finally, we We obtained references to published research strategies defined specific research questions that, if investigated, should elsewhere from three sources: (1) Google Scholar using the be of particular assistance to the conservation of biodiversity keywords island, biodiversity, research, strategy; (2) BIOSIS on islands. advanced search TS=(island AND (research OR strategy) For the purposes of this review, we have used the definition AND (biodiversity)); and (3) the contents pages since of biodiversity in the NZBS, which in brief is the ‘variety of 2006 (the last five years) for the highly cited conservation all biological life – plants, animals, fungi and microorganisms journals Conservation Biology, Biological Conservation, and – the genes they contain and the ecosystems … where they Biodiversity and Conservation (e.g. Liu et al. 2011). These live’ (DOC & MfE 2000). An offshore island is any landmass sources revealed two reviews of particular relevance: an permanently surrounded by water off the three main islands account of 100 questions of importance to the conservation of (mainland) of New Zealand. global biodiversity (Sutherland et al. 2009) and key research The national context for our investigation was provided questions identified to manage non-indigenous species (Byers by a review of the state of island conservation in New Zealand et al. 2002). Hitherto unpublished information was gleaned (Bellingham et al. 2010a), guidelines for the management from 140 presentations at an international
Load more

Recommended publications
  • RESEARCH Intake of Sugar Water by Kākā in Orokonui Eco-Sanctuary
    AicheleNew Zealand et al.: JournalSugar water of Ecology intake (2021)by kaka 45(1): 3431 © 2021 New Zealand Ecological Society. 1 RESEARCH Intake of sugar water by kākā in Orokonui Eco-sanctuary Anna Aichele1, Philip Seddon1 and Yolanda van Heezik1* 1Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) Published online: 8 December 2020 Abstract: Supplementary food is provided to native birds in eco-sanctuaries throughout New Zealand to discourage their movement outside the sanctuary, to enhance reproductive success, and to promote visitor encounters with wildlife. We recorded the frequency of visits by South Island kākā (Nestor meridionalis meridionalis) to four feeders in Orokonui eco-sanctuary to quantify sugar water consumption as a contribution to daily energy requirements. During 11 days of observations that took place between May and July 2018, thirty-one kākā visited the feeders (16 juveniles, 8 sub-adults, 8 adults; 55% females); we obtained complete records of all visits from 20 birds. The amount of time spent drinking at the feeders did not vary between sexes, age groups, or feeders. Mean daily kilojoules consumed (4.01 kJ ± 3.30 SD) was only 0.76% ± 0.62% of daily energy requirements. Provision of sugar water therefore encourages kākā to regularly visit the feeders, providing good viewing opportunities for the public, but does not appear to form a major component of the birds’ diet. Keywords: Nestor meridionalis meridionalis, parrot, provisioning, supplementary feeding Introduction suggested as a potential negative impact of food provisioning (Robb et al.
    [Show full text]
  • October 2003
    Number 3 October 2003 ISSN 1175-6233 Haere ra Jacqueline Contents As we go to press, a key member management strategies for of the invasive invertebrate team introduced wasps and ants; and Haere ra Jacqueline 1 and editor of Stowaways — developed BIOSECURE, a web- Jacqueline Beggs — is leaving. based decision tool for managing At The Warehouse, The Warehouse 2 The rest of the team want to take biosecurity risks to New Zealand’s That 'caffiene" buzz 3 this opportunity to acknowledge indigenous ecosystems. all Jacqueline has achieved Annual meeting of Entomogical Society 3 As a skilled science while working for Landcare communicator, Jacqueline has Invasiveness is promoted by good Research and to wish her well in actively spread the word that habitat and plenty of it 4 her new role as a lecturer at the invasive species are a major University of Auckland. Have trye, will travel 6 threat to native ecosystems. As Arboviruses in New Zealand 8 Jacqueline's first research was she says, “We desperately need on the native parrot, kaka, for answers on how to prevent more Bumbling in the dark 9 DSIR Division in 1984. This species arriving, and how to evolved into Ant invaders galore!! 10 research on the New kids on the block 11 ecology and Brian Karl control of Argentine ant update 12 introduced Sea containers: Plugging New Zealand’s wasps. She has leaky border 14 led the “Invasive What else do container ships bring Invertebrates in into New Zealand? 15 Natural Ecosystems” Obituary: Dr Nigel Barlow 15 research Recent publications 16 programme since 1992.
    [Show full text]
  • NZ Journal of Ecology, In
    1 2 FORUM/REVIEW ARTICLE 3 4 A research strategy for biodiversity conservation on New Zealand’s 5 offshore islands 6 7 David R. Towns 1* , Peter J. Bellingham 2, Christa P.H. Mulder 3, Phil O’B. Lyver 2 8 1Research and Development Group, Department of Conservation, Private Bag 68 908, 9 Newton, Auckland 1145, New Zealand. 10 2Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand 11 3 Department of Biology and Wildlife & Institute of Arctic Biology, University of 12 Alaska Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA 13 *Author for correspondence (Email: [email protected]) 14 15 Abstract: New Zealand’s (NZ) offshore islands are refuges for many threatened 16 species, a high proportion of vertebrate diversity, and the world’s most diverse fauna 17 of seabirds. We present key issues and questions that can be used to guide research on 18 the conservation of biodiversity on these islands. Four global reviews formed a basis 19 from which we identified research questions of potential relevance to the management 20 of NZ islands. The research questions were assigned in the context of nine objectives 21 proposed as a means of achieving ecological integrity. For each of the nine 22 objectives, we then asked what has been achieved in terms of island research and 23 management, and what needs to be achieved in order to meet long term goals. We 24 used local examples to identify issues and questions specific to islands in the NZ 25 region. Our analyses revealed two research areas in which current understanding is 1 26 poor.
    [Show full text]
  • Competition Between the Introduced Wasps Vespula Germanica and V. Vulgaris in Honeydew Beech Forest, North-Western South Island
    "'''''''k,",'''' between the introduced e'"'-"'-"=~= and y. ""-='''&=~ beech forest, north-western Island, New Zealand. Richard J. Harris ,;::: A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology, University of Canterbury 1992. Hz .:; I ~ c( Z To Barbara and Brian I TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract Chapter Introduction 1 Chapter Study sites Documentation of competition between Vespula vulgaris and V. gennanica in honeydew beech forest The influence of habitat use and foraging on the 29 replacement of Vespula gennanica by V. vulgaris The protein diet of Vespula vulgaris and V. gennanica in 38 honeydew beech forest Chapter Honeydew foraging: harvesting a limited resource 53 Chapter 7: Variation in the quality of Vespula vulgaris queens and 75 its significance in population dynamics Chapter 8: Population dynamics and competitive exclusion among 98 vespid wasps in honeydew beech forest: a conceptual model Acknowledgments 108 References 110 Appendix 1: Harris, R.J. 1991: Diet of the wasps Vespula vulgaris and 119 V. gennanica in honeydew beech forest of the South Island, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 18: 159~ 169. Appendix 2: Harris, R.J.; Thomas, C.D. & Moller, H. 1991: The influence 130 of habitat use and foraging on the replacement of one introduced wasp species by another in New Zealand. Ecological Entomology 16: 441-448. Appendix 3: Harris, R.J.; Moller, H. & Tilley, J.A.V. 1991: Weather- 138 related differences in attractiveness of protein foods to Vespula wasps. New Zealand Journal ofEcology 15: 167-170. Harris, R.I. 1989: An entrance trap to sample foods of 142 social wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae).
    [Show full text]
  • Auckland-Conservation-Boa
    Te Runanga Papa Atawhai o Tamaki Makaurau AUCKLAND CONSERVATION BOARD MINUTES OF THE 117TH MEETING OF THE AUCKLAND CONSERVATION BOARD HELD AT AUCKLAND CONSERVANCY OFFICE ON 15TH MAY 2013 PRESENT: Mr Ross Aitken Chairperson Mr Laurie Beamish Deputy Chair Dr Jacqueline Beggs Board member Mrs Stella Chan Board member Mrs Dianne Glenn Board member Mr Thomas Grace Board member Mr Martin Gummer Board member Mrs Jo Knight Board member Mr Ian Rodger Board member STAFF IN ATTENDANCE Mr Sean Goddard Conservator Mr John Galilee Conservation Support Manager Mrs Raewyn Bennett Board Support Officer Ms Sarah Smylie Management Planner PUBLIC FORUM ATTENDEES. Mr Brett O’Riley ATEED – Chief Executive Ms Pauline Dwight ATEED – Product Development Manager Ms Bernie Mabbs ATEED – Operational Strategy Advisor Mr Daniel Harrison ATEED – Partnership Manager 1 MINUTES OF THE 117TH MEETING HELD ON 15TH MAY 2013 AUCKLAND CONSERVATION BOARD - TE RUNANGA PAPA ATAWHAI O TAMAKI MAKAURAU BOARD MEMBER PROFILES Ross Aitken, Mahurangi: Previously a senior General Manager of the Westpac Group both in New Zealand and Australia. Presently owner/operator with my wife of Waipiata Lodge and actively involved with Business Mentors in New Zealand and The Solomon Islands. Member of Tawharanui Open Sanctuary Society Inc, Forest and Bird Mid Northern and Hauturu/Little Barrier Island Supporters Trust. Recreational interests include kayaking, tramping and swimming. Laurie Beamish, Ngai Tai of Umupuia: Deputy Chair. 35 years marine experience commercial fishing and skippering a charter boat; voyaged extensively on both coasts of the North Island and to the Kermadec Islands; CEO of Ngai Tai environmental arm; Co-secretary of Ngai Tai ki Tamaki Tribal Trust; Trustee and member of Tiriti negotiation team on Hauraki and Tamaki Makarau collective; direct ancestral links to both European and Maori first settlers in the Auckland region; recreational interests include traditional food gathering, Waka Taua, boating, surfing and diving.
    [Show full text]
  • A Parrot Apart: the Natural History of the Kakapo (Strigops Habroptilus), and the Context of Its Conservation Management
    A parrot apart: the natural history of the kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), and the context of its conservation management RALPH G. POWLESLAND Abstract Since the last review of kakapo biology, published 50 years ago, much Research, Development & Improvement has been learnt as a result of the transfer of all known individuals to offshore islands, Division, Department of Conservation, P.O. and their intensive management to increase adult survival and productivity. This Box 10-420, Wellington, New Zealand review summarises information on a diversity of topics, including taxonomy, plumage, [email protected] moult, mass, anatomy, physiology, reasons for decline in distribution, present numbers and status, sex ratio, habitat, home range, foraging activities, diet, voice, DON V. MERTON breeding biology, nesting success, sexual maturity, and adult survival. In addition, Honorary Research Associate, Research, those kakapo attributes that compromise its long-term survival in present-day New Development & Improvement Division, Zealand are discussed, along with management practises developed to overcome Department of Conservation, P.O. Box 10- these problems. 420, Wellington, New Zealand Powlesland, R.G.; Merton, D.V.; Cockrem, J.F. 2006. A parrot apart: the natural JOHN F. COCKREM history of the kakapo (Strigops habroptilus), and the context of its conservation Conservation Endocrinology Research management. Notornis 53 (1): 3 - 26. Group, Institute of Veterinary, Animal & Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Keywords Kakapo; Strigops habroptilus; Psittacidae; endangered species; review; Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, natural history; management practices; predatory mammals New Zealand INTRODUCTION The kakapo (Strigops habroptilus) is a large parrot (males 1.6 – 3.6 kg, females 0.9 – 1.9 kg) (Higgins 1999), with finely barred or mottled yellowish-green plumage.
    [Show full text]
  • Dunedin (2010)
    BIODIVERSITY: 2010 and beyond NEW ZEALAND ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY CONFERENCE 22–25 November 2010 University of Otago, Dunedin Programme and Abstracts http://www.nzes.org.nz/ Miss E. L. Hellaby Indigenous Grasslands Research Trust Welcome and conference overview Welcome to ‗Biodiversity: 2010 and beyond‘, the 2010 annual conference of the New Zealand Ecological Society. The theme of this year‘s conference recognises and celebrates 2010 as the United Nations International Year of Biodiversity. To acknowledge this, we present ten symposia examining a range of topics related to biodiversity. There are nine plenary speakers, from Canada, the United Kingdom, the USA, and New Zealand, and more than 90 contributed oral and poster presentations. The subjects covered are diverse and we are sure you will find many to interest you. We extend a particular welcome to the students presenting many papers throughout the conference, and to our overseas guests. In addition to discussing organisms and ecosystems, several symposia explicitly consider biodiversity in relation to human populations – cultural perspectives, production lands, and urban environments. Others examine aspects of managing and protecting biodiversity – assessment, prioritisation and reporting, and reintroduction and pest management. Two special forums are offered: a workshop as part of the ‗Cultural perspectives‘ symposium, and a discussion panel as part of the ‗Production lands‘ symposium. These meetings are described later in this Programme. A successful conference depends on voluntary efforts by a great many people. We particularly thank the organising team, symposium convenors, and field trip organisers. Many people have helped in other ways, most notably the student volunteers who will assist to make things run smoothly.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter No
    Newsletter No. 131, March 2010 Published by the New Zealand Ecological Society (Inc.), P.O. Box 25-178, Christchurch FROM THE EDITOR Fleur Maseyk Horizons Regional Council New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology New Zealand Journal of Ecology The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 28, No. 1, 2004 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 28, No. 2, 2004 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 29, No. 1, 2005 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 29, No. 2, 2005 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 30, No. 1, 2006 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 30, No. 2, 2006 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 30, No. 3, 2006 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 31, No. 1, 2007 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 31, No. 2, 2007 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 32, No. 1, 2008 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 32, No. 2, 2008 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 33 No. 2, 2009 The Journal of the New Zealand Ecological Society Volume 33 No. 2, 2009 CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS CONTENTS PrivateCONTENTS Bag 11025CONTENTS CONTENTS Articles Articles Articles Articles Introduction to the Nigel Barlow Symposium John Parkes 1 Review Review Articles Reviews Articles Articles Roost use by long-tailed bats in South Canterbury: Jane A.
    [Show full text]
  • Auckland Conservation Board
    Te Runanga Papa Atawhai o Tamaki Makaurau AUCKLAND CONSERVATION BOARD MINUTES OF THE 113TH MEETING OF THE AUCKLAND CONSERVATION BOARD HELD AT UMUPUIA MARAE ON 16TH MAY 2012 PRESENT: Dr Jacqueline Beggs Chairperson Mr Laurie Beamish Deputy Chair Mrs Stella Chan Board member Mrs Dianne Glenn Board member Mr Thomas Grace Board member Mrs Jo Knight Board member Mr Ian Rodger Board member Ms Wiki Walker Board member APOLOGIES: Mr Ross Aitken Board member - overseas Mr Martin Gummer Board member - illness STAFF IN ATTENDANCE ON 16 MAY 2012: Mr Sean Goddard Conservator Mr John Galilee Conservation Support Manager Mr Matt Ward CMS Project Manager Mrs Raewyn Bennett Board Support Officer Mr Jonathon Miles Auckland Area Manager (CMS workshop only) COMMUNITY & TANGATA WHENUA FORUM PRESENTERS ON TUESDAY 15 MAY. Mr James Brown Chairman, Ngai Tai ki Tamaki Trust Mr Wii Wanoa Ngati Porou, resident of Kaiaua, principal of Tangikaroro a conservation initiative at East Cape that has a relationship with Eco Quest Ms Carmen Kirkwood Former Board member, Founder of Ngai Tai ki Tamaki Trust Ms Makareti Atama Chairperson, Umupuia Marae Ms Ripeka Stout Ngati Paoa Ms Kathy Walsh Former Board member, resident of Kaiaua Mrs Carmella James Resident of Mangatangi Mr Cedric Hockey Visitor from Matakana 1 MINUTES OF THE 113TH MEETING HELD ON 16TH MAY 2012 AUCKLAND CONSERVATION BOARD - TE RUNANGA PAPA ATAWHAI O TAMAKI MAKAURAU BOARD MEMBER PROFILES Ross Aitken, Mahurangi: Director, past CEO The Equitable Group of companies, operator of Waipiata Lodge. Previously senior manager Westpac Group, business mentor. Member of Friends of the Mahurangi, Tawharanui Open Sanctuary Supporters, a founding member of Zealandia – the Karori Sanctuary.
    [Show full text]
  • (GISD) 2021. Species Profile Vespula Germanica. Available F
    FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Vespula germanica Vespula germanica System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Animalia Arthropoda Insecta Hymenoptera Vespidae Common name Deutsche Wespe (English, Germany), Avispa comun (English, Spain), German wasp (English), German yellowjacket (English), European wasp (English), Vespa germanica (English, Italy), Guêpe germanique (French), Avispa germànica (English, Spain) Synonym Similar species Summary Vespula germanica, commonly known as the German or European wasp, is a social wasp species. In introduced regions, where it is often more successful than in its native range, it efficiently exploits important food resources, such as nectar and insects, that native fauna may depend on. V. germanica displays many characteristics that make a species a successful invader and a new colony can be established from a single inseminated female. view this species on IUCN Red List Species Description Adult German wasps are 12mm to 17mm long (queens may be up to 20mm long) with a blackish brown pedunculate abdomen and bright yellow stripes. They have strong black markings including an arrow-shaped mark down the middle of the abdomen a black spots on either side. Wings are long and translucent, legs are yellow and antennae black. Antennae are divided into 12 or 13 segments depending on gender (males have 13) and the abdomen is divided into 6 or 7 segments also depending on gender (males have 7). Females are equipped with an ovipositor (HYPPZ 1998; CISRO 2005). Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) 2021. Species profile Vespula germanica. Pag. 1 Available from: http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=896 [Accessed 25 September 2021] FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Vespula germanica Habitat Description Vespula germanica usually nests underground in holes dug in the soil.
    [Show full text]
  • Lake Rotoiti Choice Modelling Study
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Lincoln University Research Archive AERU Biodiversity Management: Lake Rotoiti Choice Modelling Study Geoffrey N. Kerr Basil M.H. Sharp Research Report No. 310 September 2008 CHRISTCHURCH NEW ZEALAND www.lincoln.ac.nz Research to improve decisions and outcomes in agribusiness, resource, environmental, and social issues. The Agribusiness and Economics Research Unit (AERU) operates from Lincoln University providing research expertise for a wide range of organisations. AERU research focuses on agribusiness, resource, environment, and social issues. Founded as the Agricultural Economics Research Unit in 1962 the AERU has evolved to become an independent, major source of business and economic research expertise. The Agribusiness and Economics Research Unit (AERU) has four main areas of focus. These areas are trade and environment; economic development; non-market valuation, and social research. Research clients include Government Departments, both within New Zealand and from other countries, international agencies, New Zealand companies and organisations, individuals and farmers. DISCLAIMER While every effort has been made to ensure that the information herein is accurate, the AERU does not accept any liability for error of fact or opinion which may be present, nor for the consequences of any decision based on this information. A summary of AERU Research Reports, beginning with #235, are available at the AERU website http://www.lincoln.ac.nz/aeru Printed copies of AERU Research Reports are available from the Secretary. Information contained in AERU Research Reports may be reproduced, providing credit is given and a copy of the reproduced text is sent to the AERU.
    [Show full text]
  • Te Tai Tokerau
    1 Entomology: Te Tai Tokerau 61st conference of the New Zealand Entomological Society Whangarei, New Zealand 17th–20th April, 2012 2 Contents Welcome....................................................................................................... 3 Sponsors....................................................................................................... 4 Explanation of kēkerengū design.................................................................. 6 Conference social events.............................................................................. 7 Field trips....................................................................................................... 8 General information....................................................................................... 10 Instruction for presenters.............................................................................. 12 Guest speakers............................................................................................. 13 Conference overview.................................................................................... 15 Conference programme................................................................................ 16 Plenary abstracts.......................................................................................... 19 Conference abstracts (oral presentations).................................................... 24 Conference abstracts (poster presentations)................................................ 62 Author index.................................................................................................
    [Show full text]