Fatmir Besimi
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Competition Between Minority Ethnic Parties in Post-Conflict Countries
Competition Between Minority Ethnic Parties in Post-conflict Countries: Performance of Minority Parties in Croatia and Macedonia by Dane Taleski Submitted to Central European University Department of Political Science In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Supervisor: András Bozóki Budapest, September 2014 1 ABSTRACT Academic and policy studies argue that an inclusive approach is needed for sustainable peacebuilding. This justifies the inclusion of former combatants into political parties, but some argue that it can have negative consequences for democratization. Institutional engineering is proposed to forge cross-cutting parties; however it is puzzling to find that parties from rebels often dominate in the post-conflict period. To address this puzzle I look at minority ethnic parties in post-conflict Croatia and Macedonia. SDSS dominates the competition between Serb parties in Croatia and DUI dominates between Albanian parties in Macedonia. To answer why this is so, I first look at the process of their formation and functioning and second I compared them to other minority parties. Despite the common history in Yugoslavia, the inter-ethnic conflicts, the post-conflict conditions and institutional environments for minority politics were very different in Croatia and Macedonia. My level of analysis is the competition between minority parties in each country. Because of the similar outcomes, under varying conditions, I consider that the finding in one country control for the other. Using process tracing I analyzed data from 78 interviews, party content, media and archival sources. The findings were corroborated with quantitative analysis of electoral data from national and sub- national elections in the entire post-conflict period. -
Read Or Download the Book
Published by: China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd. Telephone: +36-1-5858-690 E-mail: [email protected] Webpage: www.china-cee.eu Address: 1052, Budapest, Petőfi Sándor utca 11. Chief Editor: Dr. Chen Xin ISSN: 978-615-6124-49-4 Cover design: PONT co.lab Copyright: China-CEE Institute Nonprofit Ltd. The reproduction of the study or parts of the study are prohibited. The findings of the study may only be cited if the source is acknowledged. An Overview of Central and Eastern Europe Development in 2020 Chief Editor: Dr. Chen Xin CHINA-CEE INSTITUTE Budapest, April 2021 Table of Contents Preface ................................................................................................... 5 Part I Review of Political Development ................................................ 7 Albanian politics in times of uncertainties ..................................................... 8 BiH in 2020: Governing under COVID-19 .................................................. 13 Overview of the Political 2020 year for Bulgaria ......................................... 18 A summary of 2020 key political events in Croatia...................................... 24 Dynamics of the Czech Political Model in 2020 .......................................... 29 2020 for Estonia: A year to forget, the year to remember ............................. 34 Greek Politics in 2020 ................................................................................. 40 Covid-19 as the great divider in 2020 Hungarian Politics ............................ 45 Latvian major -
North Macedonia Country Report BTI 2016
BTI 2016 | Macedonia Country Report Status Index 1-10 6.86 # 31 of 129 Political Transformation 1-10 6.65 # 44 of 129 Economic Transformation 1-10 7.07 # 28 of 129 Management Index 1-10 5.74 # 39 of 129 scale score rank trend This report is part of the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) 2016. It covers the period from 1 February 2013 to 31 January 2015. The BTI assesses the transformation toward democracy and a market economy as well as the quality of political management in 129 countries. More on the BTI at http://www.bti-project.org. Please cite as follows: Bertelsmann Stiftung, BTI 2016 — Macedonia Country Report. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Stiftung, 2016. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. BTI 2016 | Macedonia 2 Key Indicators Population M 2.1 HDI 0.732 GDP p.c., PPP $ 13142.4 Pop. growth1 % p.a. 0.1 HDI rank of 187 84 Gini Index 44.1 Life expectancy years 75.2 UN Education Index 0.642 Poverty3 % 8.7 Urban population % 57.0 Gender inequality2 0.162 Aid per capita $ 121.4 Sources (as of October 2015): The World Bank, World Development Indicators 2015 | UNDP, Human Development Report 2014. Footnotes: (1) Average annual growth rate. (2) Gender Inequality Index (GII). (3) Percentage of population living on less than $3.10 a day at 2011 international prices. Executive Summary Political polarization and gridlocked conflicts continue to hamper the Republic of Macedonia’s democratic consolidation and progress toward European Union membership. Local elections were held on 24 March / 7 April 2013, and early parliamentary and presidential elections on 13/27 April 2014. -
ARM 12 Years Ambassador of Peace / [Text Toni Janevski
The photograph on the cover page and pages 5 and 6: A panoramic view of the Kabul from the hill at the periphery of the city called “Antena Hill“ where the ARM members participating in the ISAF mission carried out patrols with the APCs “Hermelin“. The photograph was taken during a visit of a military delegation at Easter 2007. CONTENTS: Address by the Minister of Defence................................................................ 7 Address by the Chief of ARM General Staff............................................... 11 Preface to the Publication................................................................................. 15 1. ISAF – International Security Assistance Force Afghanistan – The Beginning of the Story …........................................................................… 19 2. The Macedonian Contingent in Isaf – From Symbolic Participation to Equal Partner........................................................................ 23 3. Type, Size and Composition of Units from the Macedonian Contingent in the ISAF Mission…………………………………………….........….. 27 4. The Mission and Tasks of the Macedonian Contingent in Company Strength........................................................................................... 31 5. Task Force PHOENIX....................................................................................... 43 6. Operational Mentor and Liaison Teams - OMLT within ISAF………........................................................................................ 45 7. ARM Medical Teams in the ISAF.............................................................. -
Diplomatic Bulletin, No
Special Supplement: “DAY OF THE TREE – PLANT YOUR FUTURE!” D IPLOMATIC BULLETIN During the visit to the Kingdom of Norway toward the end of November, Prime Minister Nikola Gruevski also met with Norwegian King Harald V. MACEDONIA FILES PROCEEDINGS AGAINST GREECE WITH INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE IN THE HAGUE enlargement process, important instrument for increasing staBility, security AND prosperity Interview with H.E. Mr. Jozef Braun, Ambassador of the Czech Republic to the Republic of Macedonia Regional Economic Forum No. 20 / November 2008 of Southeastern Europe IN OHRID EDITORIAL DIPLOMATIC NEWS Let us tear down the wall President Crvenkovski in Poland On this day (9 November) nineteen years At the invitation of his Polish coun- ago the internal German wall was torn down terpart Lech Kaczynski, Macedonian and after decades of separation friends and President Branko Crvenkovski attend- families were allowed to visit each other. How- ed the marking of the 90th anniversary ever, few Germans know that today there is of the National Independence Day another invisible administrative wall in Europe, of the Republic of Poland on 10-11 which, although invisible, very efficiently keeps November in Warsaw. Europeans apart and that is the Schengen visa At the ceremony, attended by nu- regime of the European Union. The Schengen merous world leaders, Poland celebrat- system, in fact, draws upon a very noble idea ed the 90th anniversary of its birth as of politicians: no EU citizen should face bor- a modern nation with waving flags and booming cannons. der checkpoint barriers. However, in order to President Crvenkovski met his Polish counterpart Kaczynski, on which occasion achieve this, the EU bureaucrats introduced a the Polish support for Macedonia’s Euro-Atlantic integration was confirmed and visa policy toward their neighboring countries the Polish position to the use of Macedonia’s constitutional name in the bilateral and future EU member states from Southeast communication was reaffirmed. -
Macedonia by Ljubica Grozdanovska Dimishkovska
Macedonia by Ljubica Grozdanovska Dimishkovska Capital: Skopje Population: 2.1 million GNI/capita, PPP: US$11,540 Source: !e data above are drawn from the World Bank’s World Development Indicators 2014. Nations in Transit Ratings and Averaged Scores 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Electoral Process 3.00 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.50 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 Civil Society 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 3.25 Independent Media 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.25 4.50 4.75 4.75 5.00 National Democratic 4.25 Governance 4.00 3.75 3.75 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.25 4.25 Local Democratic 3.75 Governance 4.00 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 3.75 Judicial Framework 4.25 and Independence 3.75 3.75 3.75 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.25 Corruption 5.00 4.75 4.75 4.50 4.25 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.25 Democracy Score 3.89 3.82 3.82 3.86 3.86 3.79 3.82 3.89 3.93 4.00 NOTE: !e ratings reflect the consensus of Freedom House, its academic advisers, and the author(s) of this report. !e opinions expressed in this report are those of the author(s). !e ratings are based on a scale of 1 to 7, with 1 representing the highest level of democratic progress and 7 the lowest.