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Dispersion and Filters
Optical Filters: Dispersion and Filters Turan Erdogan, PhD (CTO and Co-founder) Semrock, A Unit of IDEX Corporation May 31, 2011 www.semrock.com Dispersion matters sometimes • Often we can sufficiently characterize the spectral performance of an optical filter by determining simply the amount of light intensity (I) it transmits (T(λ)) and it reflects (R(λ)) • T and R are called the “intensity transmission” and “intensity reflection” coefficients filter Iin IT = T(l)Iin IR = R(l)Iin 2 When dispersion matters • However, if the filter is used in an optical system that is sensitive to the phase of the light, we must use the “amplitude transmission” (t exp(iφt)) and “amplitude reflection” (r exp(iφr)) coefficients • t and r determine the amplitude of the electric field of the light that is transmitted and reflected, respectively, and φt and φr determine the change in phase of the electric field • The transmitted and reflected intensity is proportional to the square of the electric field filter 2 Iin = |Ein| phase Ein phase sensitive sensitive optical optical if (l) 2 Et = t(l)e t Ein IT = |Et| 2 system if (l) system IR = |Er| Er = r(l)e r Ein 3 When dispersion matters • Examples of cases when and where phase matters and the amplitude (rather than intensity) coefficients must be used include: . The filter is used in one arm of an interferometer, such that the light transmitted through or reflected off of the filter is coherently combined with light from the other arm or from elsewhere in the system . The filter is used to transmit or reflect a short pulse (<< 1 picosecond) such that its phase can cause the pulse to be chirped and therefore broadened or distorted filter 2 Iin = |Ein| phase Ein phase sensitive sensitive optical optical if (l) 2 Et = t(l)e t Ein IT = |Et| 2 system if (l) system IR = |Er| Er = r(l)e r Ein 4 Impact of optical filter dispersion • Consider the impact of dispersion on a short pulse reflected off of a filter with amplitude reflection coefficient r exp(iφ ) r filter . -
UV Optical Filters and Coatings
UV Optical Filters and Coatings BARR PRECISION OPTICS & THIN FILM COATINGS Materion Barr Precision Optics & Thin Film Coatings is a leading manufacturer and supplier of precision optical filters, hybrid circuits, flexible thin films and custom thin film coating services. We offer coating solutions for manufacturers in the defense, commercial, space, science, astronomy and thermal imaging markets. UltraViolet (UV) Optical Filters and Coatings Materion offers Ultraviolet (UV) optical filters and coatings used Material Options Include: in a wide variety of existing and emerging UV-based applications. n Metal-Dielectric Bandpass Filters, fully blocked from Whether the requirement is for small, prototype UV filter quantity, a the UV to IR “one-of-a-kind” coated optic, or for large-scale volume manufactur- n UVA, UVB Filters - fully blocked ing associated with an OEM application, Materion is equipped to n UV Filter Arrays, Discrete and Patterned meet the need. With Materion’s approach to filter design and manu- n UV Bandpass Filters with high transmission – facture, our filter design engineers work closely with our customers’ made with Environmentally-Durable Oxide Films optical system designers throughout the filter development process. n Mercury-line Isolation Filters such as i-line and g-line Filters The optical filters and coatings that result from this collaborative n AR-Coatings for UV Spectral Range process often serve to optimize the performance characteristics n UV Laser Bandpass Filters of our customers’ instruments and applications. When it comes to filter design and manufacture in the UV spectral range, Materion has n Solderable-metalized coatings developed an extensive library of manufacturing plans for UV filters n Wide UV Passband Filters (such as filters in UVC) and coatings which can be deployed or tailored to produce optical blocked for use with SiC or GaN Detectors filters, that best match customer requirements. -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0258661 A1 Jousse Et Al
US 20130258661A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0258661 A1 Jousse et al. (43) Pub. Date: Oct. 3, 2013 (54) WHTE LED LIGHTING DEVICE AND A Publication Classification LIGHTINGAPPLIANCE (51) Int. Cl. (71) Applicant: MAQUET SAS, Ardon (FR) F2IV 9/10 (2006.01) F2IV33/00 (2006.01) (72) Inventors: Robin Jousse, La Chapelle Saint (52) U.S. Cl. Mesmin (FR); Cécilia Valteau, Ligny Le CPC ............... F2IV 9/10 (2013.01); F2IV33/0068 Ribault (FR); Lionel Comte, La (2013.01) Chapelle Saint Mesmin (FR) USPC ........................................... 362/235; 362/293 (57) ABSTRACT An LED lighting device (6) having an LED (8) emitting white (73) Assignee: MAQUET SAS, Ardon (FR) light and optical filter means (12) suitable for filtering the white light emitted by the LED (8). The optical filter means Appl. No.: 13/793.288 comprise at least two optical filters (12) that have different (21) transmission coefficients and that are positionable to filter the light emitted by the LED (8) individually. The lighting device (22) Filed: Mar 11, 2013 (6) includes a power supply unit (10) suitable for delivering different power supply currents to the LED (8) depending on (30) Foreign Application Priority Data whether one or the other of the optical filters (12) is positioned to filter the light from the LED (8), so as to modify the color Mar. 27, 2012 (FR) ...................................... 12 52735 temperature of the light emitted by the LED (8). Patent Application Publication Oct. 3, 2013 Sheet 1 of 3 US 2013/0258661 A1 S50 8 750 850 Wavelength an Patent Application Publication Oct. -
Full Text [PDF]
IPASJ International Journal of Electrical Engineering (IIJEE) Web Site: http://www.ipasj.org/IIJEE/IIJEE.htm A Publisher for Research Motivation ........ Email:[email protected] Volume 5, Issue 8, August 2017 ISSN 2321-5984 Spectral and Thermal Effects on the Transmission Modulation Depth and Attenuation Level Estimation of High Density Optical Filters Mr. M.K. Mathur JNTUH College of Engineering, Hyderabad ABSTRACT There are many operating parameters describing optical filter properties such as the amount absorbed electromagnetic radiation which depends on the operating signal wavelength; the amount of the absorbing material in the radiation path (filter thickness); and the absorption coefficient of the material at that wavelength. This paper has presented fused silica (SiO2) glass, polystyrene (PS) plastic and arsenide trisulfide (AS2 S3) glass band pass optical filters for visible and near infrared spectrum regions over wide range of the affecting parameters. Filter transmittance, filter optical density, attenuation level or blocking level, filter correlation factor, and transmission modulation depth are the major interesting design parameters under room temperature and high temperature effects. 1. INTRODUCTION Optical filters are devices which selectively transmit light of certain properties while blocking (absorbing) the reminder [1]. In general they’re sensitive to light of particular wavelengths (and in consequence color) or range of wavelengths. This property makes optical filters often used in many industrial applications. In many branches of industry source emitting intense non-visible radiation (for example white hot metal or glass) has to be monitored. Optical filters are often used for such applications. In such cases infrared (IR) or heat absorbing filters are used in order to block mid infrared wavelengths (thermal radiation) but allow visible light to be transmitted. -
Schott Filter Catalog
Definitions Glass Filters 2009 OPTICAL FILTERS TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents Foreword ....................................................................................... 4 1. General information on the catalog data ..................................... 5 2. SCHOTT glass filter catalog: product line ..................................... 6 3. Applications for SCHOTT glass filters ............................................ 7 4. Material: filter glass ..................................................................... 10 4.1 Group names ................................................................................ 10 4.2 Classification ................................................................................. 10 4.2.1 Base glasses .................................................................................. 10 4.2.2 Ionically colored glasses ................................................................. 10 4.2.3 Colloidally colored glasses ............................................................. 11 4.3 Reproducibility of transmission ...................................................... 11 4.4 Thermal toughening ..................................................................... 11 5. Filter glass properties .................................................................. 13 5.1 Mechanical density ........................................................................ 13 5.2 Transformation temperature .......................................................... 13 5.3 Thermal expansion ....................................................................... -
Optical Filter Glass
Optical Filter Glass Product Information SCHOTT offers one of the world’s largest portfolios of optical filter glasses for a full spectral solution for your requirements. SCHOTT’s optical filter glasses include the following filter types in the wave- length range above 200 nm: • Bandpass filters • Longpass filters • Shortpass filters • Neutral density filters • Contrast enhancement filters • Night Vision compatible filters • Multiband filters Advantages • High transmittance • High blocking • Spectral properties are independent on angle of incidence • Superior quality, reliability and durability Quality Assurance Forms of Supply Quality control is based on statistical • Polished plates according to customers request, typically up to 200 mm x 200 mm process control as well as on rigorous • Polished filters also available as coated or framed parts reflecting customer’s final inspection. Measurement instru- specifications ments include a broad range of spec- • Larger dimensions upon request trophotometers, vision systems, etc. Market Segments Application Support Reliable manufacturing with strong technical glass expertise enables SCHOTT to SCHOTT is “Your Partner for Excellence serve the following markets: in Optics” and a sparing partner to de- velop, design and choose the right filter Aviation Homeland Security Law Enforcement for your requirements. Please contact us Medical Pharmaceutical Life Science with your specifications. Automotive Consumer Optics Industrial Version September 2018 | SCHOTT Advanced Optics reserves the right to make -
Camerafilters
Section8 CameraFilters Introduction . 324-325 Tiffen Intro Kits . .376 B+W Glass . 326-344 Heliopan Glass . 345-349 Hoya Glass . 350-358 Tiffen Glass . 359-376 Cokin Resin . 377-379 Hitech Resin . 380-385 Lee Resin . 386-393 Lindahl Resin . 393-394 Kodak Flexible . 395-398, 400-401 Lee Flexible . 395-401 Opliflex Flexible . 395-398 Filter Holders . 401-402 Filter Pouches . .376 INTRODUCTION FILTERS Expand Your Vision With Filters If you are serious about photography (and especially if you take pictures for a living), you want as much control as possible over your images. Filters are essential tools that provide control over the quality of the image that appears on your negative or transparency. Filters are also used as an addition to the creative photographer’s palette. A well-chosen filter can not only correct a multitude Hitech 4x4˝ Color Graduated problems on location or in the studio, it can also change the overall look of a scene and the nature of the final filters, are recommended for all outdoor shooting. CAMERA FILTERS work from a literal depiction to an interpretive, even In Color photography, you can add a lightly-colored abstract, creation. filter to enhance an already-dominant color, to add a There are a few basic principles that will help you choose color that isn’t there, or to create a mood. You can also and use the right filter for any given situation. change the mood of a photo by using a fog filter, which 324 will make even the sunniest scene look like it is in deep fog. -
Optical Filter Glass
Optical Filter Glass Product Information SCHOTT offers one of the world’s largest portfolios of optical filter glasses for a full spectral solution for your requirements. SCHOTT’s optical filter glasses include the following filter types in the wave- length range above 200 nm: • Bandpass filters • Longpass filters • Shortpass filters • Neutral density filters • Contrast enhancement filters • Night Vision compatible filters • Multiband filters Advantages • High transmittance • High blocking • Filter curve hardly depending on light angle • Superior quality, reliability and durability Quality Assurance Forms of Supply Quality control is based on statistical • Polished plates according to customers request, typically up to 200 mm x 200 mm process control as well as on rigorous • Polished filters also available as coated or framed parts reflecting customer’s final inspection. Measurement instru- specifications ments include a broad range of spec- • Larger dimensions upon request trophotometers, vision systems, etc. Market Segments Application Support Reliable manufacturing with strong technical glass expertise enables SCHOTT to SCHOTT is “Your Partner for Excellence serve the following markets: in Optics” and a sparing partner to de- velop, design and choose the right filter Aviation Homeland Security Law Enforcement for your requirements. Please contact us Medical Pharmaceutical Life Science with your specifications. Automotive Consumer Optics Industrial Version May 2013 Version Advanced Optics SCHOTT AG Hattenbergstrasse 10 55122 Mainz Germany -
A New Method for the Measurement of Photographic Filter Factors
. A NEW METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF PHOTOGRAPHIC FILTER FACTORS By Raymond Davis ABSTRACT A new method is described whereby the filter factors for orthochromatic and pan- chromatic plates with various filters may be determined with apparatus using a source of light which is corrected in its spectral energy distribution to closely approxi- mate that of average noon sunlight. The apparatus is essentially a single light source photometer in which two beams one from either side of the lamp, are reflected so that they fall side by side on the photographic plate which is used in conjunction with the filter. In the path of one of these beams the filter is inserted, consequently weakening the light in that beam. The lamp, being movable between two of the reflectors, is shifted toward the filter, thus increasing the intensity of the beam on the filter side and diminishing it on the other. Successive exposures are thus made at different lamp positions, so chosen that some fall on one side of the photographic match and some on the other. After development the differences in density between each pair of exposures is measured, and the position of a photographic match obtained therefrom by plotting these differences against the scale of the instrument. Knowing the length of the path of the two beams of light the law of inverse squares is applied to calculate the filter factor. CONTENTS Page I. Introductory 80 II. Apparatus and method of procedure 80 1. Description of instrument 80 2. Experimental procedure 81 3. Measurement of the plates 83 III. -
Dfx V4 User Guide • • Copyright• 2 • • • COPYRIGHT
Dfx v4 User Guide • • Copyright• 2 • • • COPYRIGHT No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express written consent of Digital Film Tools. Copyright © Digital Film Tools, LLC. 2015. All Rights Reserved November 17, 2015 • • • Dfx User Guide • • • • • About Us• 3 • • • ABOUT US Tiffen has been a leading manufacturer and supplier of photographic filters and lens accessories for the consumer/professional imaging and the motion picture and broadcast television industries for over 69 years. The company has a rich history of innovative product design, superior optical consistency and unparalleled quality. Tiffen has been recognized for its product and engineering excellence earning two Technical Achievement Awards and a Scientific and Engineering Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts & Sciences, as well as an Emmy Award from the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences. The company's Special Effects optical filters, once an exclusive of the Motion Picture and Television industry are now available to still photographers and videographers through the Tiffen Hollywood F/X filter line and digitally through the Dfx line of software. The Dfx software is produced in collaboration with Digital Film Tools, a computer software company which is an off-shoot of a Los Angeles based motion picture visual effects facility. Their work includes hundreds of feature films, commercials and television shows. Together, our combined understanding of optical filters and computer software creates an unbeatable combination. • • • Dfx User Guide• • • • • About this Guide• 4 • • • ABOUT THIS GUIDE This User Guide is a reference for the Tiffen Dfx Digital Filter Suite. -
Copy Photography Ii Us Army Still Photographic Specialist Mos 84B Skill Level 1
SUBCOURSE EDITION SS0512 7 COPY PHOTOGRAPHY II US ARMY STILL PHOTOGRAPHIC SPECIALIST MOS 84B SKILL LEVEL 1 AUTHORSHIP RESPONSIBILITY: SSG Dennis L. Foster 560th Signal Battalion Lowry AFB, Colorado AUTOVON: 926-2521 COMMERCIAL: (303) 370-2521 COPY PHOTOGRAPHY II SUBCOURSE NO. SS 0512-7 (Developmental Date: 30 June 1987) US Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon Fort Gordon, Georgia Two Credit Hours GENERAL Copy Photography II subcourse is designed to teach tasks related to copy photography. Information is provided on filters; function, selection, and filter factors; copy film; and procedures for making a photographic copy. This subcourse is presented in three lessons. Each lesson corresponds to a terminal learning objective as listed below. Lesson 1: USE AND PURPOSE OF FILTERS IN COPY WORK TASK: Determine filter functions, selection of filters, and determine filter factors. CONDITIONS: Given information and diagrams about filters, selection of filters, filter factors, and types of filters. STANDARDS: Demonstrate competency of the task skills and knowledge by correctly responding to 80 percent of the multiple-choice test covering filter functions, selection of filters, and filter factors. (This objective supports SM Task 113-578-1014, Alter the Rendition of Colors Recorded on Black and White Film) i Lesson 2: COPY FILMS TASK: Determine the types of copy film and their uses. CONDITIONS: Given information and diagrams about copy films and their uses. STANDARDS: Demonstrate competency of the task skills and knowledge by correctly responding to 80 percent of the multiple-choice test covering types of copy film and their uses. (This objective supports SM Task 113-578-1012, Perform Copy Photography Using Camera Set KS-7A) Lesson 3: PERFORM COPY PHOTOGRAPHY TASK: Describe procedures for making a photographic copy. -
Seven Theses on Photography
Thesis Eleven 00(0) 1–16 Seven theses on ª The Author(s) 2012 Reprints and permissions: sagepub.co.uk/journalsPermissions.nav photography DOI: 10.1177/0725513612457864 the.sagepub.com Christopher Pinney University College London, UK Abstract Benjamin and Barthes provide the starting point for a series of inter-connected propositions which seek to return the theorization of photography to the primacy of the pro-filmic. The index is reclaimed as a trace of the photographic event, capable only of delivering what Barthes termed the corps. The resulting contingency and exorbitance are the basis of photography’s prophetic and ‘troubling’ potential which free us from viewing photography as simply a screen for the social. The argument is advanced largely using material from India and a case is made for a new conception of ‘world system photography’ which folds ‘belated’ histories into the ‘global’. Keywords contingency, index, India, photography, pro-filmic 1. All photography is part of world system photography To think and write about Indian photography (as the present writer does) is to be confronted by the problem of ex-nomination. If you study European photography then you are likely to be considered a photographic theorist. If you study Indian photography you are likely to be considered a commentator on India photography. The European placement fades away while, conversely, India is underlined as a location, a ‘belated’ case study of what has already happened elsewhere in a purer form. Perhaps an original and paradigm-changing individual working in the ‘margin’ will one day disrupt this, reconfiguring a very powerful set of expectations.