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Pastoral Care for Clergy: the Need, Some Program Directions and Desired Outcomes Among Ministers of Churches of Christ in Western Australia

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Pastoral Care for Clergy: the Need, Some Program Directions and Desired Outcomes Among Ministers of Churches of Christ in Western Australia Edith Cowan University Research Online Theses: Doctorates and Masters Theses 1-1-1997 Pastoral care for clergy: The need, some program directions and desired outcomes among ministers of Churches of Christ in Western Australia John A. Clapton Edith Cowan University Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses Part of the Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Clapton, J. A. (1997). Pastoral care for clergy: The need, some program directions and desired outcomes among ministers of Churches of Christ in Western Australia. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/901 This Thesis is posted at Research Online. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/901 Edith Cowan University Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorize you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. Where the reproduction of such material is done without attribution of authorship, with false attribution of authorship or the authorship is treated in a derogatory manner, this may be a breach of the author’s moral rights contained in Part IX of the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Courts have the power to impose a wide range of civil and criminal sanctions for infringement of copyright, infringement of moral rights and other offences under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. PASTORAL CARE FOR CLERGY THE NEED, SOME PROGRAM DIRECTIONS AND DESIRED OUTCOMES AMONG MINISTERSIN CHURCHES OF CHRIST INWESTERN AUSTRALIA BY John A. Clapton B.Theo!., Dip.Min.(Hons), Dip. Teach. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilmentof the Requirements forthe Award of Master of Social Science (Buman Services) at the Facuity of Health & Human Sciences, Edith Cowan University Date of Submission: January 1997 ii ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to consider the pastoral care needs of Churches of Christ ministers working in parishes, propose some directions that a programmed approach to that pastoral care could take, and outline the kinds of desired outcomes to be looked for among them in Western Australia. It was demonstrated that, as with other helping professionals within the �Inman Services domain, ministers experience stressors which impinge on their well-beihg and their effectiveness as care-givers. This study examined the different contexts within which ministers must function, examining the complexities of their duties, the hazards they face and the effects these have on their well-being and the performance of their duties within their professional and personal lives. The study looked at how to respond to the needs of this workforce, proposing some directions in which the program of pastoral care could take at each of the three levels identified as significant, the structural level, the professional level and the personal level. These were proposed in the context of an articulation of the desired outcomes that should result from the establishment of those systems of care. Finally, consideration was given to possible evaluators that would �emonstrate the extent to which those desired outcomes had been achieved. While these were not the primary focus of the study, consideration of evaluators is a necessary adjunct to any progranunaticapproach to pastoral care. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS My embarkation on this program of study was the direct result of my contact with Dr Hyung Shik Kim, who encouraged me to study at this level. I am most gratefulto him forthat. I would also like to thank my student colleagues from the course work components of this program, who provided a peer group of encouragement as we all moved into the thesis component. The gentle encouragement of my supervisor, Dr Cynthia Dixon, helped to prevent this work being abandoned a couple of times, and to her I owe a debt of thanks. Finally, I thank my wife Eira, who believed in me as I worked on this study, who encouraged me during periods when I felt like giving up, and who inspired me as we talked about the issues raised by the study. Her gracious patience must also be acknowledged, as what was intended to be completed in two years dragged on into four. iv DECLARATION I certify that this thesis does not incorporate without acknowledgement any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any institution of higher education; and that to the best of my knowledge and belief it does not contain any material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text. Signatur USE OF THESIS The Use of Thesis statement is not included in this version of the thesis. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract II Acknowledgements Ill Declaration IV Use of Theses v Table of Contents VI Table of Figures IX CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION I 1.1 Background to the Study 3 I . 1.1 Churches and Human Services 1.1.2 Ministry in Churches of Christ 1.1.3 Incidents that Precipitated Perceived Need forStudy 1.2 Purpose of the Study 11 1.2.1 Research Questions 1.2.2 Profileof Relevant Literature 1.2.3 Development of the Study Design 1.2.4 Study Design 1.2.5 Parameters of the Study 1.2.6 Significance of the Study 1.2.7 Possible Further Study CHAPTER 2 : THENEED 24 2.1 What is Pastoral care? 25 2.2 Personal Context 28 2.2.1 Family Needs and Expectations 2.3 ProfessionalContext 30 2.3.1 The MinistersJob Description 2.3.2 The professionalhazards of Ministry vii 2.4 Structural Context 52 2. S Conclusion 62 CHAPTER 3 : CONGRUENCY TESTING 64 3.1 Sample Selection 64 3.2 The Feedback 67 3.2.1 The Introduction 3.2.2 Theological Framework 3.23 Social Context 3.2.4 Defining PastoralCare 3.2.5 The Minister's Job Description 3.2.6 The Professional Hazards of Ministry 3.2.7 Why Care for the Care-giver? 3.2.8 Conclusions 3.3 Response to Peer Review 72 CHAPTER 4 : PROGRAM DIRECTIONS 74 4.1 Philosophical Framework 75 4.1.1 Core Values 4. 1.2 Productivity 4.1.3 Duty of Care 4. 1.4 Overall Aim 4. LS Other Influential Factors 4.2 Personal Program Directions 92 4.2.1 A Minister to the Ministers 4.2.2 A Model - Hobby Farmer vs St ation Manager 4.3 Professional ProgramDirections 95 4.3.1 The Wounded Healer 4.3.2 Churches of Christ Models 4.3.3 Some Pragmatic Models 4.3.4 Training Options 4. 3. S Ongoing Professional and Spiritual Development 4.4 Structural Program Directions I IS 4.4.1 Recruitment and StaffManagement Training 4.4.2 In-service Workshops for Ministers with High Risk Profiles 4.4.3 Improved Relationships- a Department of Ministry viii CHAPTER 5 :DESIRED OUTCOMES AND EVALUATION 120 5. I Introduction 115 5.2 Behavioural Outcomes 117 5.2.1 Individual Issues 5.2.2 Professional Issues 5.2.3 Structural Issue, 5.3 Evaluation Strategy 131 5.3.1 Pre�evaJuation 5.3.2 Formative Study 5.3.3 Cross-sectional Monitoring 5.4 Conclusions 142 6. CONCLUSIONS & RECOMMENDATIONS 145 6.1 An Overview 145 6.2 Recommendations 146 6.2.1 A Minister to the Ministers 6.2.2 Relevant Committees to Review 6.2.3 Bench-marking and Monitoring Program 6.2.4 Evaluation Strategies BIBLIOGRAPHY 150 ix TABLE OF FIGURES Figure I Competing Expectations 41 Figure 2 Graphic Representation ofTroeltsch's Paradigms of the Relationship between Church and Society 54 Figure 3 Graphic Representation ofNeibuhr's Paradigms of the Relationship between Church and Society 57 Figure 4 Graphic Representation of Fraser and Carnpolo'sParadi gms of the Relationship between Church and Society 60 Figure 5 Churches of Christ in WA Incorporated 89 Figure 6 Which Evangelism Terms Do You Feel Positive About? 110 Figure 7 The Chicken Farmer 125 Figure 8 Covey's Time Management Matrix 127 Figure 9 The Evaluation Process 133 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION Jim had been working in a working class suburban church for just four years. It was his second placement since graduating from theological college, and while many had expressed doubts, while at college, about his ability to perform as a minister, Jim had proved them wrong. He had invigorated a small rural church and now was holding together a struggling suburban church. Three weeks before Christmas, and about six weeks before his wife was due to deliver a crrild, the officers of the congregation sacked him. They asked him to vacate the church house as soon as possible. While there were some warning signs leading up to this event, previous difficultieshad always been worked out. It was the summary and immediate nature of the dismissal that was most difficult for Jim and his wife to cope with. · The denominational committee set up to help and advise churches and ministers about placements and to assist in situations of conflict, stepped in and negotiated continued occupancy of the house for Jim's family forthree months. It also secured payment for him of salary in lieu of notice, which certainly helped ease some of the pressure. The fact remained, however, tilat Jim was suddenly unemployed. To whom could this minister tum for pastoral care in this crisis? His parents and in-laws lived in other states of Australia, and he had a very limited peer network in this state.
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