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Network Scan Data Selbyana 28(2): 145-149. 2007. FLORISTIC OF BROMELIACEAE OF THE SERRA DAS ARANHAS, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL CU\UDIO COELHO DE PAULA * AND Professor of the Department of Vegetation Biology of the Federal University of Vi<;osa, P. H. Holfs Avenue, MG. 36571002. Brazil. Email: [email protected] ELIDIO ARMANDO EXPOSTO GUAR~ONI Researcher of the Herbarium Serra das Aranhas (HSA), Rosario da Limeira, MG. 36878000. Brazil. Masters degree student of the Department of Vegetable Biology of the Federal University of Vi<;osa, MG, Brazil. ABSTRACT. This work consists of a floristic assessment of the family Bromeliaceae in Serra das Aranhas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Three subfamilies, 11 genera and 22 species were identified. The OCCUlTence of Nidularium longifiorum was recorded for the first time in the state of Minas Gerais. Most of the 22 species are epiphytes. Two of the species, Quesnelia augusto-coburgii Wawra and Billbergia vittata Brong., are included in the list of endangered species of Minas Gerais. An analytical key is also presented for the identification of the species occurring in Serra das Aranhas. This work provides data to expand the know­ ledge on Bromeliaceae in the areas of the Atlantic Rainforest domain in Minas Gerais. Key words: Bromeliaceae, Serra das Aranhas, Atlantic Rainforest, floristic, Brazil RESUMO. 0 presente trabalho consiste num levantamento florfstico da Familia Bromeliaceae na Serra das Aranhas, Minas Gerais. Foram identificadas tres subfamilias, 11 generos e 22 especies. A ocorrencia do taxon Nidularium longifiorum foi registrado pela primeira vez para 0 estado de Minas Gerais. A maioria das 22 especies apresenta habito ep{fito. Duas especies encontradas, Quesnelia augusto-coburgii Wawra e Billbergia vittata Brong., constam na lista de especies amea<;:adas da flora de Minas Gerais. Tambem e apresentada uma chave analitica para a identifica<;:ao das especies ocorrentes na Serra das Aranhas. As informa<;:oes deste trabalho fornecem dados para a amplia<;:ao do conhecimento das Bromeliaceae nas areas de dominio de Mata Atlantica de Minas Gerais. Palavras-chave: Bromeliaceae, Serra das Aranhas, Mata Atlantica, Florfstica, Brasil INTRODUCTION of variations in microclimate, which also con­ tribute to the vegetation diversity. The studied area is located among the munic­ In spite of a great part of the Serra das Ar­ ipal districts of Rosario da Limeira, Ervalia, Mu­ anhas having suffered a strong intervention from riae and Sao Sebastiao da Vargem Alegre, be­ agricultural activity, it still contains a consider­ tween the parallels 2lo55'S and 21°00'S and the able forested area, largely constituted by sec­ meridians 42°35'W and 42°32'W, a part of the ondary formations in advanced stages of suc­ Serra da Mantiqueira, located in the southern cession. The primary forest formations can be portion of that mountain chain which forms the observed in the higher elevations to 1000 m in Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro (State areas with difficult access. At the top of the Park of the Brigadier's Mountain), but beyond mountain, the rupestrial formations are repre­ the limits of that park. Climatically the mountain sented by extensive rock outcrops. Inside of the has an annual medium temperature of 23°C and forest domain, rocky formations can also be an annual median precipitation of 1.564 mm. Its found, usually associated with small rivulets. vegetation type belongs to the complex of the The diversity of microclimates on this moun­ Atlantic forest, denominated Tropical Pluvial tain provided the establishment of a considerable Forest Evergreen of the South Plateau (ENGE­ number of species of epiphytic and rupicolous VIX 1995). The mountain has an altitude range plants, especially of the Bromeliaceae family. In of 800 to 1,400 m. The topography, together spite of that diversity, only the family Orchida­ with the hydrographic net, determines a series ceae has been studied until now (Guar<;oni & Paula 2001). Considering that many bromeliad species * Corresponding author. form a fundamental microhabitat for the conser- 145 146 SELBYANA Volume 28(2) 2007 vation of countless animal and plant species in RESULTS AND DISCUSSION this ecosystem, this floristic survey was done In the Serra das Aranhas the family Brome­ with the objective of identifying the diversity of potential host species and their ecological re­ liaceae is represented by three subfamilies, eleven genera, and twenty-two species. One quirements. species belongs to the subfamily Pitcaimioi­ deae-Pitcaimia flammea Lindl.; seven to the MATERIAL AND METHODS subfamily Tillandsioideae-Alcantarea extensa (L.B.Sm.) J.R.Grant, Tillandsia geminiflora Brongn., Tillandsia stricta Sol. ex Ker Gawl., This floristic survey of Bromeliaceae family Vriesea ensiformis (VeIl.) Beer, Vriesea guttata in the Serra das Aranhas was accomplished Linden & Andre, Vriesea heterostachys (Baker) through monthly visits during two years, 2000 L.B.Sm., and Vriesea longicaulis (Baker) Mez; and 2001, along trails that included the largest and fourteen to subfamily Bromelioideae­ possible area of each vegetation formation, es­ Aechmea pineliana (Brongn. ex Planch.) Baker, pecially of the hillside forest and rupestrian veg­ Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb., Aechmea or­ etation of the rocky outcrops. Observations con­ ganensis Wawra, Aechmea ramosa Mart. ex cerning the phenology, pollination, habit, and Schult. & Schult. f., Billbergia euphemiae light requirements of bromeliads in the whole E.Morren, Billbergia lymanii E.Pereira & area were made. Leme, Billbergia vittata Brongn. ex Morel, Ed­ The collected specimens were pressed and mundoa lindenii (Regel) Leme, Neoregelia si­ dried in the Serra das Aranhas's Herbarium. The mulans L.B.Sm., Nidularium antoineanum Wa­ identification was based on morphologic com­ wra, Nidularium longiflorum UIe, Quesnelia parison using as basic references Smith and quesneliana (Brongn.) L.B.Sm., Quesnelia au­ Downs (1974, 1977, 1979), Reitz (1983), and gusto-coburgii Wawra, and Wittrockia gigantea Paula (1998), in comparison with identified ma­ (Baker) Leme) (TABLE 1). terial in the herbarium of the Federal University Of the subfamilies found in the Serra das Ar­ of Vi~osa (VIC), and determinations by special­ anhas, the subfamily Pitcairnioideae is the least ists. At the end of the work an analytical key representative, with a single species: Pitcaimia was developed for the identification of the spe­ flammea. In nearby mountains, such as the Serra cies of Bromeliaceae found in the Serra das Ar­ do Brigadeiro, the subfamily is represented by anhas. other taxa, like Dyckia weddelliana Baker, Pit­ The phenological data are based on the her­ caimia carinata Mez, and Pitcairnia decidua barium observations and are presented in TABLE 2. L.B.Sm. (Paula 1998). IDENTIFICATION KEY FOR THE SPECIES OF BROMELIACEAE FROM THE SERRA DAS ARANHAS, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL Superior ovary (or semi-inferior); fruit a capsule; seeds with appendages. 2 Seeds with plumose appendages. 3 Petal appendages present. 4 Seeds with a basal coma. 5 Red, orange, or yellow floral bracts; stamens exserted. 6 Erect or suberect scape. 7 Scape short (19-23 cm); floral bract imbricate ........ Vriesea heterostachys 7' Scape long (ca. 25-98 cm); floral bracts not imbricate ..... Vriesea ensiformes 6' Scape decurved .................................... Vriesea guttata 5' Brown floral bracts; stamens included . .. Vriesea longicaulis 4' Seeds with basal coma and apical extensions ........... .. Alcantarea extensa 3' Petal appendages absent. 8 Compound inflorescence ............................... Tillandsia geminiflora 8' Simple inflorescence ...................................... Tillandsia stricta 2' Seeds with caudate appendages . .. Pitcairnia flammea l' Inferior ovary; fruit a berry; seeds without appendices. 9 Inflorescence with long scape (21-65 cm), exserted from the rosette. 10 Asymmetrical sepals, apiculate. 11 Simple inflorescence. 12 Plants with rhizomes; inflorescence laxly flowered ............ Aechmea nudicaulis 12' Plants without rhizomes; inflorescence densely flowered ...... .. Aechmea pineliana 11' Compound inflorescence. DE PAULA & GUAR<;ONI: SERRA DAS ARANHAS BROMELIACEAE 147 TABLE 1. List of species that occur in Serra das Aranhas, Minas Gerais, with the classification of habit and preference for intensity of solar light. Classification of the taxon in related: Preference for intensity Taxon Habit of solar light Subfamily Pitcairnioideae Pitcairnia flammea Rupicole Heliophyte Subfamily Bromelioideae Aechmea pineliana Terrestrial Skiophyte Aechmea nudicaulis Epiphyte Skiophyte Aechmea organensis Epiphyte Skiophyte Aechmea ramosa Epiphyte Skiophyte or heliophyte Billbergia euphemiae Epiphyte, rupicole or terrestrial Skiophyte Billbergia lymanii Epiphyte, rupicole or terrestrial Skiophyte Billbergia vittata Epiphyte, rupicole, terrestrial Skiophyte or heliophyte Edmundoa lindenii Epiphyte Skiophyte Neoregelia simulans Epiphyte Skiophyte Nidularium antoineanum Epiphyte Skiophyte Nidularium longiflorum Epiphyte Skiophyte Quesnelia quesneliana Rupicole Skiophyte Quesnelia augusto-coburgii Rupicole Skiophyte Wittrockia gigantea Epiphyte Skiophyte or heliophyte Subfamily Tillandsioideae Alcantarea extensa Rupicole Heliophyte Tillandsia geminiflora Epiphyte Skiophyte Tillandsia stricta Epiphyte Heliophyte Vriesea ensiformes Epiphyte Heliophyte Vriesea guttata Epiphyte Skiophyte Vriesea heterostachys Epiphyte Skiophyte Vriesea longicaulis Epiphyte Skiophyte 13 Leaves densely spiny; many flowers; yellow petals
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