DOCSLIB.ORG

Helena, Montana August 1993 U.S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Helena, Montana August 1993 U.S HYDROLOGY AND WATER CHEMISTRY OF SHALLOW AQUIFERS ALONG THE UPPER CLARK FORK, WESTERN MONTANA By David A. Nimick U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4052 Prepared in cooperation with the MONTANA BUREAU OF MINES AND GEOLOGY Helena, Montana August 1993 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey DALLAS L. PECK, Director For additional information Copies of this report can write to: be purchased from: District Chief U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Earth Science Information Center 428 Federal Building Open-File Reports Section Drawer 10076 Box 25286, MS 517 301 South Park Denver Federal Center Helena, MT 59626-0076 Denver, CO 80225 CONTENTS Page Abstract. .................................. 1 Introduction. ................................ 1 Purpose and scope ............................. 2 Previous investigations .......................... 2 Quality assurance ............................. 4 Systems for specifying geographic locations ................ 5 Acknowledgments .............................. 6 Description of study area .......................... 6 Drainage and physiography ......................... 6 Climate .................................. 6 General geology .............................. 7 Hydrology and water chemistry of shallow aquifers .............. 9 Quaternary deposits ............................ 10 Aquifer characteristics ......................... 10 Water chemistry ............................. 13 Major ions. .............................. 13 Trace elements. ............................ 16 Tertiary deposits ............................. 18 Aquifer characteristics ......................... 18 Water chemistry ............................. 21 Bedrock .................................. 23 Aquifer characteristics ......................... 23 Water chemistry ............................. 25 Relation of streamflow to shallow aquifers. ................. 26 Flow characteristics. ........................... 26 Water chemistry .............................. 28 Summary and conclusions ........................... 31 References cited. .............................. 32 Supplemental data .............................. 36 ILLUSTRATIONS Plate 1. Map showing approximate altitude and configuration of the potentiometric surface and location of inventoried wells and springs along the upper Clark Fork, western Montana ..... In pocket Figure 1. Map showing location of study area ................ 3 2. Diagram showing well and spring numbering system ......... 5 3. Map showing generalized geology. ................. 8 4. Graph showing range of depths and specific capacities for wells completed in various aquifers in the upper Clark Fork valley, Montana............................. 9 5-7. Hydrographs showing: 5. Water levels measured intermittently in observation wells completed in Quaternary alluvium along Warm Springs Creek near Anaconda. ....................... 10 6. Water levels measured intermittently in observation wells completed in Quaternary alluvium and located within 300 feet of the Clark Fork ................... 11 7. Relation of water levels in Quaternary alluvium to water stage in the Clark Fork near Goldcreek .............. 12 8. Trilinear diagram showing percentages of major ions in water from wells completed in Quaternary alluvium in tributary valleys and in the mainstem Clark Fork valley upstream from Jens. ........................... 13 9. Trilinear diagram showing percentages of major ions in water from wells completed in Quaternary alluvium in the mainstem Clark Fork valley downstream from Jens ............. 14 iii ILLUSTRATIONS Continued Page Figure 10. Hydrographs showing water levels measured intermittently in observation wells completed in Tertiary deposits in the Clark Fork valley upstream from Drummond. .............. 19 11. Hydrograph showing water levels measured by continuous recorder in an observation well completed in Tertiary deposits in the upper Clark Fork valley south of Garrison ........... 20 12. Trilinear diagram showing percentages of major ions in water from wells completed in Tertiary deposits ........... 21 13. Hydrograph showing water levels measured intermittently in an observation well completed in bedrock in the upper Clark Fork valley near Drummond. ..................... 24 14. Trilinear diagram showing percentages of major ions in water from wells and springs completed in bedrock in and near the study area. .......................... 25 15. Map showing location of streamflow-measurement sites. ...... 27 16. Trilinear diagram showing percentages of major ions in water from the Clark Fork and tributaries .............. 28 17. Graph showing relation between specific-conductance values and dissolved-solids concentrations for stream-water samples from the upper Clark Fork valley. ............... 30 TABLES Table 1. Ground-water data for the upper Clark Fork valley, Montana .... 37 2. Ground-water-chemistry data for the upper Clark Fork valley, Montana. ............................ 52 3. Drinking-water regulations for public water supply ........ 60 4. Streamflow data for the upper Clark Fork valley, Montana ..... 61 5. Stream-water-chemistry data for the upper Clark Fork valley, Montana. ............................ 62 IV CONVERSION FACTORS, VERTICAL DATUM, ABBREVIATED WATER-QUALITY UNITS, AND ACRONYMS Multiply By. To obtain acre 4,047 square meter cubic foot per second (ft3 /s) 0.028317 cubic meter per second foot (ft) 0.3048 meter foot squared per day (ft2 /d) 0.0929 meter squared per day gallon per minute (gal/min) 0.06309 liter per second gallon per minute per foot 0.207 liter per second per meter [(gal/min)/ft] inch (in.) 25.4 millimeter mile (mi) 1.609 kilometer square mile (mi2 ) 2.59 square kilometer Temperature can be converted to degrees Celsius (°C) or degrees Fahrenheit (°F) by the equations: °C = 5/9 (°F - 32) °F = 9/5 (°C) + 32 Sea level: In this report, "sea level" refers to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum of 1929 (NGVD of 1929) a geodetic datum derived from a general adjustment of the first-order level nets of both the United States and Canada, formerly called Sea Level Datum of 1929. Abbreviated water-quality units used in this report: |ig/L micrograms per liter |iS/cm microsiemens per centimeter at 25 degrees Celsius mg/L milligrams per liter Acronyms used in this report: MCL Maximum Contaminant Level SMCL Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level HYDROLOGY AND WATER CHEMISTRY OF SHALLOW AQUIFERS ALONG THE UPPER CLARK FORK, WESTERN MONTANA By David A. Nimick ABSTRACT Shallow ground-water resources along the upper Clark Fork have been developed primarily in Quaternary alluvium and unconsolidated Tertiary deposits, although bedrock supplies water to wells locally. Well yields and transmissivity values varied considerably and tended to be largest (medians of 40 gallons per minute and 970 feet squared per day, respec­ tively) for alluvium and smallest (medians of 15 gallons per minute and 130 feet squared per day, respectively) for bedrock. Ground-water levels gen­ erally responded to seasonal events, such as spring runoff and irrigation. Ground water generally flows from upland areas toward the Clark Fork. The chemical composition of ground water was dominated primarily by calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate derived from the dissolution of carbonate minerals. Other ground-water types also were present locally. Increased sodium concentrations probably result from ion-exchange reactions, and increased sulfate concentrations result from mixing of geothermal water or leachate from mine wastes. Nitrate (as nitrogen) concentrations were elevated in some agricultural areas, but only one ground-water sample had a nitrate concentration (11 milligrams per liter) that exceeded Primary Drinking-Water Regulations established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for public supplies. Concentrations of trace elements in ground water were generally very small and below minimum reporting levels; however, some contaminants associated with mine wastes were detected. Although concentrations of arsenic were relatively small (maximum of 20 micrograms per liter) in all ground-water samples, concen­ trations were largest in water from alluvium located within 300 feet of the Clark Fork. Elevated cadmium concentrations (maximum of 6 micrograms per liter) were measured in water from one well downgradient from several tailings ponds. One water sample from this well exceeded the Primary Drinking-Water Regulation. In general, the water-quality data collected during this study indicate that, although mining has occurred in the basin for more than 125 years, ground water contains elevated concentrations of trace elements only in localized areas. Streamflow data indicate that ground-water inflow to the Clark Fork is significant primarily in two reaches. Between Racetrack and Garrison, irrigation-return flow probably is the main source of this water. Between Jens and Cramer Creek, geothermal water from bedrock flows upward through alluvium to the river. Water-quality data and computations of major-ion loading in the river also support this conclusion. The only trace elements associated with mining that occurred in the Clark Fork in concentrations significantly greater than minimum reporting levels were arsenic, copper, and manganese. Arsenic concentrations (maximum of 8.1 micrograms per liter) showed no downstream trend. Copper and manganese concentrations were largest at Warm Springs (maximums of 14 and 350 micrograms per liter,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Porphyry and Other Molybdenum Deposits of Idaho and Montana
    Porphyry and Other Molybdenum Deposits of Idaho and Montana Joseph E. Worthington Idaho Geological Survey University of Idaho Technical Report 07-3 Moscow, Idaho ISBN 1-55765-515-4 CONTENTS Introduction ................................................................................................ 1 Molybdenum Vein Deposits ...................................................................... 2 Tertiary Molybdenum Deposits ................................................................. 2 Little Falls—1 ............................................................................. 3 CUMO—2 .................................................................................. 3 Red Mountain Prospect—45 ...................................................... 3 Rocky Bar District—43 .............................................................. 3 West Eight Mile—37 .................................................................. 3 Devil’s Creek Prospect—46 ....................................................... 3 Walton—8 .................................................................................. 4 Ima—3 ........................................................................................ 4 Liver Peak (a.k.a. Goat Creek)—4 ............................................. 4 Bald Butte—5 ............................................................................. 5 Big Ben—6 ................................................................................. 6 Emigrant Gulch—7 ...................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Lord Ranch on Trout Creek Philipsburg, Montana
    Lord PHILIRanchPSBURG, on MONTANATrout Creek Lord Ranch on Trout Creek PHILIPSBURG, MONTANA Introduction: The Lord Ranch on Trout Creek enjoys exceptional trout fishing and elk, deer and bird hunting with access to national forest and close proximity to recreation. These 2,691.7 acres are an idyllic mix of pivot- NTRODUCTION I irrigated hay fields, brush-lined creek, riparian zone, rolling grass and timbered mountainside. Ranch improvements include five modern center pivot irrigation systems, two basic homes and assorted barns, RINGS RANCH sheds and outbuildings. Nearby recreational opportunities abound P with winter actives at Discovery Ski Area and summer pursuits at Georgetown Lake. ROCKING CHAIR S Craig Janssen, Montana Managing Broker Jack McInerney, Sales Associate Toll Free 866.734.6100 www.LiveWaterProperties.com Lord Ranch on Trout Creek- Excellent Fishing & Hunting Ranch Location: Located on the scenic byway, Skalkaho Highway, 10 minutes south of the charming mountain town of Philipsburg is the Lord Ranch on Trout Creek. The ranch borders the Deerlodge National Forest and is in the foothills of the Anaconda Mountain Range. Georgetown Lake lies less than a mile east. Philipsburg is the county seat of Granite County and is named for mining engineer Philip Deidesheimer, who platted the town site near gold and silver mines in 1867. Dining, shopping and everyday amenities are available in Phillipsburg. Riddick Field, a public airport with a paved 3,600 foot runway, is nearby for convenience. The cultural center of Missoula, home to the University of Montana, is an hour northwest. Butte, Montana, lies approximately 40 minutes to the east. Both of these communities have a rich history and offer shopping, fine dining and commercial air service.
    [Show full text]
  • The Structural Geology and Tectonic History of the Northern Flint Creek
    The structural geology and tectonic history of the northern Flint Creek Range, western Montana by Jeffrey Frank Baken A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Earth Science Montana State University © Copyright by Jeffrey Frank Baken (1984) Abstract: The Flint Creek Range of west-central Montana represents an important and rather atypical segment of the Cordilleran fold and thrust belt. The formation of opposing structural asymmetry in the range has not been satisfactorily explained. Field mapping and structural lab work have been incorporated with modern concepts of fold-and-thrust belt geometry to resolve this question. The range has been subdivided into three structural provinces based upon distinct structural geometries. The western province, which represents the eastern edge of the Sapphire allochthon, is characterized by "typical" eastward assymmetry; however, the eastern province displays "atypical" westward asymmetry. The northern province is represented by a change in structural trend (convex to the northeast) and opposing fold-plunges where the Flint Creek and Garnet Ranges meet across the Montana lineament. The kinematic sequence of deformation in the Flint Creek Range incorporates regional tectonic events and features. The Deer Lodge block, which occupies the Belt embayment, moved eastward along a major decollament as the result of combined east-west compression and intrusive wedging by the Idaho batholith (100 m.y. ago). Following development of this allochthon, the Boulder batholith initiated emplacement along the decollement with the Racetrack Creek pluton and the Elkhorn Mountains Volcanics (78-72 m.y. ago) as satellite effects. The "atypical" geometry of the eastern province was produced by the formation of a ramp interface beneath the Flint Creek Range.
    [Show full text]
  • Structural Geology Along Part of the Blackfoot Fault System Near Potomac Missoula County Montana
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1987 Structural geology along part of the Blackfoot fault system near Potomac Missoula County Montana Michael B. Thomas The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Thomas, Michael B., "Structural geology along part of the Blackfoot fault system near Potomac Missoula County Montana" (1987). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 7524. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/7524 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT ACT OF 1975 Th is is an unpublished manuscript in which copyright sub ­ s is t s . Any further r e p r in t in g of its contents must be approved BY THE AUTHOR. Mansfield Library U niversity of Montana D ate ; ____1 _______ Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY ALONG PART OF THE BLACKFOOT FAULT SYSTEM NEAR POTOMAC, MISSOULA COUNTY. MONTANA By Michael B. Thomas 8. S., Central Washington University, 1982 Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science University of Montana 1987 Approved by Chairman, Board of Examiners DeSrT, Graduate SchoÏÏ Date Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner.
    [Show full text]
  • Extension of the Anaconda Metamorphic Core Complex: 40Ar
    Extension of the Anaconda metamorphic core complex: 40Ar/39Ar thermochronology and implications for Eocene tectonics of the northern Rocky Mountains and the Boulder batholith David A. Foster1, Warren C. Grice Jr.1,*, and Thomas J. Kalakay2 1DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGICAL SCIENCES, P.O. BOX 112120, UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA, GAINESVILLE, FLORIDA 32611, USA 2DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY, ROCKY MOUNTAIN COLLEGE, 1511 POLY DRIVE, BILLINGS, MONTANA 59102, USA ABSTRACT Thermochronologic data defi ne the extension and exhumation history of the Anaconda metamorphic core complex and have implications for the Eocene tectonic setting of the northern Rocky Mountains. The 40Ar/ 39Ar data indicate that relatively rapid extension on the Anaconda detachment started at ca. 53 Ma and continued through ca. 39 Ma. Apatite fi ssion-track data reveal that faulting and exhumation of the foot- wall continued until ca. 27 Ma. The average displacement rate on the Anaconda detachment was on the order of 1 mm/yr between ca. 50 and 39 Ma based on the lateral gradient in mica 40Ar/39Ar ages in the direction of fault slip. The total displacement along the Anaconda detachment in Eocene and Oligocene times is estimated to be ≥25–28 km based on reconstruction of the Cretaceous Storm Lake Stock with its detached roof, which is now exposed in the Deer Lodge Valley. Extension exhumed crust from ~12 km depth and exposed middle-greenschist-facies mylonites in the easternmost part of the Anaconda complex footwall. On a regional scale, the Anaconda detachment dips east beneath the Cretaceous Boulder batholith, indicating that the batholith and the Butte mineralization were transported east in the hanging wall.
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of the Elliston Region, Powell and Lewis and Clark Counties, Montana
    Geology of the Elliston Region, Powell and Lewis and Clark Counties, Montana U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2045 / Geology of the Elliston Region, Powell and Lewis and Clark Counties, Montana By R. G. SCHMIDT, J. S. LOEN, C. A. WALLACE, and H. H. MEHNERT U.S .. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BULLETIN 2045 A description of rocks and structures in the region of the imbricate front of the Sapphire thrust plate, from a reconnaissance study UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON : 1994 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Robert M. Hirsch, Acting Director For sale by USGS Map Distribution Box 25286, Building 810 Denver Federal Center Denver, CO 80225 Any use of trade, product, or finn names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Library or Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data Geology of the Elliston region, Powell and Lewis and Clark Counties, Montana : a de­ scription of rocks and structures in the region of the imbricate front of the Sapphire thrust plate, from a reconnaissance study I by R.G. Schmidt ... [et al.]. p. em. - (U.S. Geological Survey Bulletin; 2045) Includes bibliographical references. Supt. of Docs. no.: I 19.3:2045 1. Geology-Montana-Elliston Region. I. Schmidt, R.G., d. 1983. II. Series. QE75.B9 no. 2045 [QE134.E45] 557.3 s-dc20 92-42415 [557.86'615] CIP CONTENTS Abstract ................................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Montana Gray Wolf Conservation and Management 2010 Annual Report
    Montana Gray Wolf Conservation and Management 2010 Annual Report A cooperative effort by Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, USDA Wildlife Services, Glacier National Park, Yellowstone National Park, Blackfeet Nation, and The Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes MFWP by photo Liz Bradley This report presents information on the status, distribution, and management of wolves in the State of Montana, from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010. It is also available at: www.fwp.mt.gov/wildthings/wolf This report may be copied in its original form and distributed as needed. Suggested Citation: Sime, Carolyn A., V. Asher, L. Bradley, N. Lance, K. Laudon, M. Ross, A. Nelson, and J. Steuber. 2011. Montana gray wolf conservation and management 2010 annual report. Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks. Helena, Montana. 168 pp TABLE OF CONTENTS MONTANA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ......................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND ..................................................................... 3 Delisting Efforts and Ligation in 2007 - 2010 ...................................................... 4 STATEWIDE PROGRAM OVERVIEW......................................................................... 8 Overview of Wolf Ecology in Montana ................................................................ 9 Population Estimation and Monitoring Methods .................................................. 11 Border Packs ........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • National Register of Historic Places Registration Form
    NPS Form 10-9003 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES REGISTRATION FORM 1. Name of Property Historic name: Grant-Kohrs Ranch/Warren Ranch Other name/site number: Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Site, Grant-Kohrs Ranch National Historic Landmark, Grant Trading Post, John Grant Ranch, Kohrs & Bielenberg Home Ranch, Conrad Kohrs Company Ranch, CK Ranch, Warren Hereford Ranch 2. Location Street & number: Cattle Drive (no number), Grant-Kohrs Ranch NHS not for publication: n/a City/town: Deer Lodge vicinity: n/a state: Montana code: MT county: Powell code: 077 zip code: 59722 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended I hereby certify that this^ nomination _ request for determination of eligibility meets the documenJaJieH-staadards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requiremgpts'setforth in 36 Ct"R Part 60. In my opinion, the property j; meets _ does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this ppfSerty be considered signifpant _ nationally X statewide __ local.y. ( _ See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature~oTcertif^fig official/Title Nationll Park Service State or Federal agency or bureau In my* piniin, the property >C does not meet the National Register criteria Signati re rff comme/ffing or other official *~» 7>t-"7"£_ /-f-rf, T^c'/a-fC State or Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification I, hereby certify that this property is: Date of Action entered in the National Register see continuation sheet determined eligible for the National Register w< ____ see continuation sheet determined not eligible for the National Register ____ see continuation sheet removed from the National Register ____ see continuation sheet other (explain) Grant-Kohrs Ranch/Warren Ranch Powell County.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological
    U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR MINERAL INVESTIGATIONS U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESOURCES MAP MR-96 PAMPHLET MAP SHOWING THE LOCATION OF PRODUCTIVE LODE AND PLACER GOLD MINES IN MONTANA By David Frishman, I.E. Elliott, E.E. Foord, R.C. Pearson, and W.H. Raymond INTRODUCTION mines that ceased production long ago, the list of commodities present is likely incomplete. For lode This pamphlet contains tabular information keyed mines having recorded production, not all the to the accompanying map. Table 1 lists site names commodities listed were necessarily recovered some numerically keyed to the map; sites are organized by may be minor elements that are listed because they county and numbered consecutively by mining district record the geochemical signature of the deposit. within each county. Site numbers were assigned Industrial commodities, however (like silicon or abrasive geographically by county with the intention of making it sand), are listed only when they were produced. Silver as easy as possible to find a particular number on the is listed as a commodity along with gold for aT placer map after the site name and number have been mines because we are confident that silver was produced identified in table 1. The site name listed is the one and, eventually, refined, even from those placer deposits that seemed to be most commonly used and is usually whose gold was of high fineness. the name of a mine (for lodes) or a creek or gulch (for Host rock type as given in table 1 is that from placers). In some cases, the name is that of a claim, a which the gold or gold-bearing minerals were ertracted group of claims, or, rarely, an exploration project.
    [Show full text]
  • Preliminary Geologic Map of the Eastern Flint Creek Basin West-Central Montana
    Preliminary Geologic Map of the Eastern Flint Creek Basin West-central Montana By Ryan Portner and Marc Hendrix University of Montana, Missoula Montana 2005 Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology Open File Report MBMG 521 This report has been reviewed for conformity with Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology’s technical and editorial standards. Partial support has been provided by the EDMAP component of the Nation Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program of the U.S. Geological Survey under Contract Number 03HQA90061. Geologic Summary Introduction The Cenozoic Flint Creek basin is a northeast-southwest-oriented basin centered along the Flint Creek Valley south of Drummond, Montana (figure 1). The eastern half was first mapped in detail by Gwinn (1961) and the western half by Maxwell (1965). Both maps emphasized the adjacent bedrock geology of the basin. Rasmussen (1969) remapped the eastern portion of the basin north of the Clark Fork River and primarily focused on Cenozoic stratigraphy. Rasmussen (1973) identified the mid-Miocene unconformity south of the Clark Fork River and established a discrepancy with the earlier mapping of Gwinn (1961). The purpose of the present report was to compile the bedrock geology of Gwinn (1961) with geologic mapping done by Rasmussen (1969) and to remap the Cenozoic units south of the Clark Fork River using a detailed lithostratigraphic approach supported by paleontologic data of Rasmussen (1973) and Christensen (oral comm., 2004). The map area chosen for this study is the eastern half of the basin where units are best exposed (figure 2). Structural Geology Folded and faulted rocks of Paleozoic through Cretaceous age constitute the bedrock geology of the eastern Flint Creek basin.
    [Show full text]
  • A Field Guide to Outdoor Learning in Powell County, Biome Descriptions, Field Activities, Field Sites
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 069 468 SE 014 422 TITLE A Field Guide to Outdoor Learning in Powell County, Biome Descriptions, Field Activities, Field Sites. INSTITUTION Powell County High School, Deer Lodge, Mont. SPONS AGENCY Bureau of Elementary and Secondary Education (DHEW/OE), Washington, D.C. PUB DATE Aug 71 NOTE 182p.. EDRS PRICE MF-$0.65 HC-$6.58 DESCRIPTORS Environmental Education; *Field Studies; Learning Activities; *Natural Resources; *Outdoor Education; Resource Materials; Site Analysis; *Teaching Guides IDENTIFIERS Elementary Secondary Education Act Title III; ESEA Title III ABSTRACT Serving as a guide to the outdoor areas of Powell County, Montana, and the surrounding area, this resource book is useful for teachers who wish to explore the out-of-doors with their students, particularly those interested in nature studies. Its aim is to produce a citizenry that is knowledgeable concerning the biophysical environment and its related problems. Three major secticns constitute the-guide. Section 1, Biome Descriptions, gives a general and detailed description of plant communities in Powell County followed by their associated soil profiles. Section 2 offers a summary of field sites. Underdeveloped sites throughout the county are suggested which allow for study of water environments, biomes, soil areas, fire burns, clear cuts, pollution areas, animals, range management, and geology. Established outdoor environmental areas in six communities are then covered in detail. This includes a general description of the area, choice of location, pictures and maps, and a site analysis chart of biotic and abiotic features. Sixty field activities which can be completed at the outdoor sites are enumerated in Section 3.
    [Show full text]
  • Powell County Growth Policy 2017 - I
    POWELL COUNTY GROWTH POLICY Prepared by: Powell County Courthouse 409 Missouri Ave. Deer Lodge, MT 59722 Phone: 406-846-9795 Truly the last best place BOA.AO O CO Lil NTV COMM IS SI N' RS POWELL COUNTY, MO N TANA f<ESOLUTIO OF INTEN TO ADOPli AN ILPDATED GROWTH PO CT FOR POWEU COU TY 101&-B WHIEF .EAS, he P ar, n ng, D pa.rtm nt a d l1 e !Plano ing Board have re (' a : me ded a doptiofl of the attached arn@nde,d Growth Polley; al'id WlrffF.E.AS1 the. Plal"l,iilos Board has hcld publ"c meetJ n and a1 pub1ic lhearirig and taken public oomrr nt rtoncerning the upd.ited Growth P0lk.v, and each County Commis.si ne-r h . reviewed the :tmbllc cmnme:nt:s, ai,d arr ot :the pub.lie comme ts favor adcp,fon of the Policy· and WlrilE F.EAS, e,a h C 1oun·ty Commission er has- review d the r-epoan di recornmend.:1uo ns of Eh e PlaninOB Departm nt. and ttm Plarming Bo rd1 and Uu ir re<1.sons.t erefor ; N0WT.HEREFORE, · he Powi!II C.ounty Board 1of Com mils oners, mn re,gui r ssion with a q1..1oru · m pr se.rrt a It! '!Joli declares it:s INTENfT TO ADOPT the attached updated foweU [0L11nty Grrowth Pol r:,;. /\. its regular meeti g on May 9, 2018 at 1:3□ p. ., t e IBoard of 1C.C1.u,ty Comrnissioner-s wi11 make i · fin Id cision on adop ing h attached upclat d Gro'!Nit h P-olicy.
    [Show full text]