Design Glossary
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Determination of Focal Length of a Converging Lens and Mirror
Physics 41- Lab 5 Determination of Focal Length of A Converging Lens and Mirror Objective: Apply the thin-lens equation and the mirror equation to determine the focal length of a converging (biconvex) lens and mirror. Apparatus: Biconvex glass lens, spherical concave mirror, meter ruler, optical bench, lens holder, self-illuminated object (generally a vertical arrow), screen. Background In class you have studied the physics of thin lenses and spherical mirrors. In today's lab, we will analyze several physical configurations using both biconvex lenses and concave mirrors. The components of the experiment, that is, the optics device (lens or mirror), object and image screen, will be placed on a meter stick and may be repositioned easily. The meter stick is used to determine the position of each component. For our object, we will make use of a light source with some distinguishing marking, such as an arrow or visible filament. Light from the object passes through the lens and the resulting image is focused onto a white screen. One characteristic feature of all thin lenses and concave mirrors is the focal length, f, and is defined as the image distance of an object that is positioned infinitely far way. The focal lengths of a biconvex lens and a concave mirror are shown in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. Notice the incoming light rays from the object are parallel, indicating the object is very far away. The point, C, in Figure 2 marks the center of curvature of the mirror. The distance from C to any point on the mirror is known as the radius of curvature, R. -
How Does the Light Adjustable Lens Work? What Should I Expect in The
How does the Light Adjustable Lens work? The unique feature of the Light Adjustable Lens is that the shape and focusing characteristics can be changed after implantation in the eye using an office-based UV light source called a Light Delivery Device or LDD. The Light Adjustable Lens itself has special particles (called macromers), which are distributed throughout the lens. When ultraviolet (UV) light from the LDD is directed to a specific area of the lens, the particles in the path of the light connect with other particles (forming polymers). The remaining unconnected particles then move to the exposed area. This movement causes a highly predictable change in the curvature of the lens. The new shape of the lens will match the prescription you selected during your eye exam. What should I expect in the period after cataract surgery? Please follow all instructions provided to you by your eye doctor and staff, including wearing of the UV-blocking glasses that will be provided to you. As with any cataract surgery, your vision may not be perfect after surgery. While your eye doctor selected the lens he or she anticipated would give you the best possible vision, it was only an estimate. Fortunately, you have selected the Light Adjustable Lens! In the next weeks, you and your eye doctor will work together to optimize your vision. Please make sure to pay close attention to your vision and be prepared to discuss preferences with your eye doctor. Why do I have to wear UV-blocking glasses? The UV-blocking glasses you are provided with protect the Light Adjustable Lens from UV light sources other than the LDD that your doctor will use to optimize your vision. -
Holographic Optics for Thin and Lightweight Virtual Reality
Holographic Optics for Thin and Lightweight Virtual Reality ANDREW MAIMONE, Facebook Reality Labs JUNREN WANG, Facebook Reality Labs Fig. 1. Left: Photo of full color holographic display in benchtop form factor. Center: Prototype VR display in sunglasses-like form factor with display thickness of 8.9 mm. Driving electronics and light sources are external. Right: Photo of content displayed on prototype in center image. Car scenes by komba/Shutterstock. We present a class of display designs combining holographic optics, direc- small text near the limit of human visual acuity. This use case also tional backlighting, laser illumination, and polarization-based optical folding brings VR out of the home and in to work and public spaces where to achieve thin, lightweight, and high performance near-eye displays for socially acceptable sunglasses and eyeglasses form factors prevail. virtual reality. Several design alternatives are proposed, compared, and ex- VR has made good progress in the past few years, and entirely perimentally validated as prototypes. Using only thin, flat films as optical self-contained head-worn systems are now commercially available. components, we demonstrate VR displays with thicknesses of less than 9 However, current headsets still have box-like form factors and pro- mm, fields of view of over 90◦ horizontally, and form factors approach- ing sunglasses. In a benchtop form factor, we also demonstrate a full color vide only a fraction of the resolution of the human eye. Emerging display using wavelength-multiplexed holographic lenses that uses laser optical design techniques, such as polarization-based optical folding, illumination to provide a large gamut and highly saturated color. -
Davis Vision's Contact Lens Benefits FAQ's
Davis Vision’s Contact Lens Benefits FAQ’s for Council of Independent Colleges in Virginia Benefits Consortium, Inc. How your contact lens benefit works when you visit a Davis Vision network provider. As a Davis Vision member, you are entitled to receive contact lenses in lieu of eyeglasses during your benefit period. When you visit a Davis Vision network provider, you will first receive a comprehensive eye exam (which requires a $15 copayment) to determine the health of your eyes and the vision correction needed. If you choose to use your eyewear benefit for contacts, your eye care provider or their staff will need to further evaluate your vision care needs to prescribe the best lens options. Below is a summary of how your contact lens benefit works in the Davis Vision plan. What is the Davis Vision Contact you will have a $60 allowance after a $15 copay plus Lens Collection? 15% discount off of the balance over that amount. You will also receive a $130 allowance toward the cost of As with eyeglass frames, Davis Vision offers a special your contact lenses, plus 15% discount/1 off of the balance Collection of contact lenses to members, which over that amount. You will pay the balance remaining after greatly minimizes out-of-pocket costs. The Collection your allowance and discounts have been applied. is available only at independent network providers that also carry the Davis Vision Collection frames. Members may also choose to utilize their $130 allowance You can confirm which providers carry Davis Vision’s towards Non-Collection contacts through a provider’s own Collection by logging into the member website at supply. -
Paint • Digital • Production
Color paint • digital • production Color: paint, digital, production •Sarah Haig • Fall 2013 To start....a few vocabulary items: Hues – the names of the colors (red, blue, green, yellow) Value – the degree of lightness or darkness each hue has it’s own value scale ex. Yellow appears lighter than purple Intensity or Saturation – the measure of purity or brightness a color’s intensity can be lowered or decreased by mixing it with gray OR it’s compliment All color is affected by the surrounding colors and lighting. Color: paint, digital, production •Sarah Haig • Fall 2013 The color wheel that you grew up with Consists of the three primary colors: • red, yellow and blue which mix to create the secondary colors: • orange, green and purple which, in turn, mix to create the tertiary colors, that can be further mixed to create any number of colors (A LOT of them) Color: paint, digital, production •Sarah Haig • Fall 2013 These colors can be mixed to create color schemes: Monochromatic – using differing values of one hue Analogous – colors next to each other on the color wheel Complimentary – colors that are directly across from each other on the color wheel Split complimentary – any color plus the two colors adjacent to its compliment Color: paint, digital, production •Sarah Haig • Fall 2013 To start....a few vocabulary items: Hues – the names of the colors (red, blue, green, yellow) Value – the degree of lightness or darkness each hue has it’s own value scale ex. Yellow appears lighter than purple Intensity or Saturation – the measure of purity or brightness a color’s intensity can be lowered or decreased by mixing it with gray OR it’s compliment Color: paint, digital, production •Sarah Haig • Fall 2013 So....what about digital? Color: paint, digital, production •Sarah Haig • Fall 2013 Well...on screen we use RGB or red, green and blue which ADD to make white...or ADDITIVE This is the color that works most like our eyes when it comes to percieving color. -
Read Book Flower Color Theory
FLOWER COLOR THEORY PDF, EPUB, EBOOK DARROCH PUTNAM | 484 pages | 03 Feb 2021 | Phaidon Press Ltd | 9781838661571 | English | London, United Kingdom Flower Color Theory PDF Book Using the color wheel is the easiest way to illustrate these concepts. Submit Information. Ask a question. While I love the color, we used a paint color match system to duplicate the color of my winter coat. It's the perfect source for planning next year's garden revamp. The color yellow is primarily associated with spreading happiness and joy, however, it is also the ideal color for symbolizing friendship. Fall color can also be assisted by late planting of some species. Any number of complementary pairs can be determined simply by shifting positions on the color wheel, but for the purposes of planning flower-color combinations, designers usually confine their discussions to the primary and secondary colors. Sign in Register Wishlist 0. In the photos above, the analogous color scheme was inspired by a dress that shifted from red to violet. Browsing through it feels joyful and clean, like walking into a well-appointed house If you have to leave these color principles behind to create your dream garden, do it. However, understanding the basic principles of using color in design can help make that picture in your head a reality. This article covers the basics on using color in your garden bed. The book features arrangements that show myriad ways to combine flowers of different hues, all built around color schemes including analogous, complementary, monochromatic, triadic, transitional, and accent colors. Customer Reviews are disabled for pre-order items. -
OSHER Color 2021
OSHER Color 2021 Presentation 1 Mysteries of Color Color Foundation Q: Why is color? A: Color is a perception that arises from the responses of our visual systems to light in the environment. We probably have evolved with color vision to help us in finding good food and healthy mates. One of the fundamental truths about color that's important to understand is that color is something we humans impose on the world. The world isn't colored; we just see it that way. A reasonable working definition of color is that it's our human response to different wavelengths of light. The color isn't really in the light: We create the color as a response to that light Remember: The different wavelengths of light aren't really colored; they're simply waves of electromagnetic energy with a known length and a known amount of energy. OSHER Color 2021 It's our perceptual system that gives them the attribute of color. Our eyes contain two types of sensors -- rods and cones -- that are sensitive to light. The rods are essentially monochromatic, they contribute to peripheral vision and allow us to see in relatively dark conditions, but they don't contribute to color vision. (You've probably noticed that on a dark night, even though you can see shapes and movement, you see very little color.) The sensation of color comes from the second set of photoreceptors in our eyes -- the cones. We have 3 different types of cones cones are sensitive to light of long wavelength, medium wavelength, and short wavelength. -
Lecture 37: Lenses and Mirrors
Lecture 37: Lenses and mirrors • Spherical lenses: converging, diverging • Plane mirrors • Spherical mirrors: concave, convex The animated ray diagrams were created by Dr. Alan Pringle. Terms and sign conventions for lenses and mirrors • object distance s, positive • image distance s’ , • positive if image is on side of outgoing light, i.e. same side of mirror, opposite side of lens: real image • s’ negative if image is on same side of lens/behind mirror: virtual image • focal length f positive for concave mirror and converging lens negative for convex mirror and diverging lens • object height h, positive • image height h’ positive if the image is upright negative if image is inverted • magnification m= h’/h , positive if upright, negative if inverted Lens equation 1 1 1 푠′ ℎ′ + = 푚 = − = magnification 푠 푠′ 푓 푠 ℎ 푓푠 푠′ = 푠 − 푓 Converging and diverging lenses f f F F Rays refract towards optical axis Rays refract away from optical axis thicker in the thinner in the center center • there are focal points on both sides of each lens • focal length f on both sides is the same Ray diagram for converging lens Ray 1 is parallel to the axis and refracts through F. Ray 2 passes through F’ before refracting parallel to the axis. Ray 3 passes straight through the center of the lens. F I O F’ object between f and 2f: image is real, inverted, enlarged object outside of 2f: image is real, inverted, reduced object inside of f: image is virtual, upright, enlarged Ray diagram for diverging lens Ray 1 is parallel to the axis and refracts as if from F. -
Super-Resolution Imaging by Dielectric Superlenses: Tio2 Metamaterial Superlens Versus Batio3 Superlens
hv photonics Article Super-Resolution Imaging by Dielectric Superlenses: TiO2 Metamaterial Superlens versus BaTiO3 Superlens Rakesh Dhama, Bing Yan, Cristiano Palego and Zengbo Wang * School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, Bangor University, Bangor LL57 1UT, UK; [email protected] (R.D.); [email protected] (B.Y.); [email protected] (C.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: All-dielectric superlens made from micro and nano particles has emerged as a simple yet effective solution to label-free, super-resolution imaging. High-index BaTiO3 Glass (BTG) mi- crospheres are among the most widely used dielectric superlenses today but could potentially be replaced by a new class of TiO2 metamaterial (meta-TiO2) superlens made of TiO2 nanoparticles. In this work, we designed and fabricated TiO2 metamaterial superlens in full-sphere shape for the first time, which resembles BTG microsphere in terms of the physical shape, size, and effective refractive index. Super-resolution imaging performances were compared using the same sample, lighting, and imaging settings. The results show that TiO2 meta-superlens performs consistently better over BTG superlens in terms of imaging contrast, clarity, field of view, and resolution, which was further supported by theoretical simulation. This opens new possibilities in developing more powerful, robust, and reliable super-resolution lens and imaging systems. Keywords: super-resolution imaging; dielectric superlens; label-free imaging; titanium dioxide Citation: Dhama, R.; Yan, B.; Palego, 1. Introduction C.; Wang, Z. Super-Resolution The optical microscope is the most common imaging tool known for its simple de- Imaging by Dielectric Superlenses: sign, low cost, and great flexibility. -
Color Schemes Are Combinations of Colors
Color is the reflection of light off of an object into our eyes. Our eyes then read the speed of the light and tell us which color that object is. There are two major categories under the heading of color, they are: 1. Neutrals 2. Colors Neutrals are (combinations of) black and white and all grays Colors consist of: Primary colors Secondary colors Intermediate colors also known as Tertiary colors Primary Colors: are the basic colors that you cannot make by mixing. They are natural colors found in nature. They are red, yellow, and blue. Secondary Colors: are made by mixing any two secondary colors. The secondary colors are orange, violet and green. Intermediate Colors: are made by mixing a primary and a secondary color. The secondary colors are, red-violet, blue-violet, blue-green, yellow-green, yellow-orange and red-orange. Color schemes are combinations of colors. There are many different types of color combinations, however, only four of the most basic are included here. They are: • Complementary colors • Analogous colors • Warm & Cool colors • Monochromatic colors Complementary Colors: are any two colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel. Analogous Colors: are any two colors that are adjacent to (or next to) each other on the color wheel. Warm & Cool Colors: warm colors are those colors that contain combinations of red and yellow. There are six. To help you remember what a warm color is, think of the sun or fire. Cool colors are those colors that contain green and blue. There are six of these too. -
RGB, CMYK, and PMS... the Alphabet of Color Ne of the More Difficult Tasks We Face When Reproducing Your Printed Material Is to Be Certain the Color Is Ocorrect
May 2006 RGB, CMYK, and PMS... the Alphabet of Color ne of the more difficult tasks we face when reproducing your printed material is to be certain the color is Ocorrect. When we are printing your business stationery, it is critical that the color remains consistent for the first and each subsequent printing. When printing your company brochure or newsletter, the color on the finished piece TechneGraphics, Inc. Park 50 TechneCenter must conform to your expectations. And if we are 2002 Ford Circle printing in full color – especially photographs or Milford, OH 45150 food or people’s skin tones – a good color match (513) 248-2121 is essential. Fax (513) 248-5141 So why is color matching such a problem? The Web site: answer lies in a combination of how color is www.techgra.com created and how the human eye perceives color. File Transfer site: www.tgidirect.net What is color? Color is caused by light; without light, color 10 o’clock. Between the primary colors are the FTP site: would not exist. In turn, light is a form of energy. ftp.techgra.com secondary colors – cyan, magenta, and yellow. Visible light – the part of the electromagnetic Email: energy spectrum whose wavelengths our eyes can RGB: the colors of television screens and [email protected] detect – is blue at one end and red at the other. computer monitors All the colors in nature we perceive fall along the RGB stands for red, green and blue – the primary spectrum from blue to red. colors of visible light. A television screen or computer monitor that begins as black creates Light that appears white (such as light from the color by generating electrons that produce sun) is really composed of many colors which thousands of red, green, and blue phosphor dots become visible if passed through a glass prism. -
Full-Color See-Through Three-Dimensional Display Method Based on Volume Holography
sensors Article Full-Color See-Through Three-Dimensional Display Method Based on Volume Holography Taihui Wu 1,2 , Jianshe Ma 2, Chengchen Wang 1,2, Haibei Wang 2 and Ping Su 2,* 1 Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; [email protected] (T.W.); [email protected] (C.W.) 2 Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China; [email protected] (J.M.); [email protected] (H.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: We propose a full-color see-through three-dimensional (3D) display method based on volume holography. This method is based on real object interference, avoiding the device limitation of spatial light modulator (SLM). The volume holography has a slim and compact structure, which realizes 3D display through one single layer of photopolymer. We analyzed the recording mechanism of volume holographic gratings, diffraction characteristics, and influencing factors of refractive index modulation through Kogelnik’s coupled-wave theory and the monomer diffusion model of photopolymer. We built a multiplexing full-color reflective volume holographic recording optical system and conducted simultaneous exposure experiment. Under the illumination of white light, full-color 3D image can be reconstructed. Experimental results show that the average diffraction efficiency is about 53%, and the grating fringe pitch is less than 0.3 µm. The reconstructed image of volume holography has high diffraction efficiency, high resolution, strong stereo perception, and large observing angle, which provides a technical reference for augmented reality. Citation: Wu, T.; Ma, J.; Wang, C.; Keywords: holographic display; volume holography; photopolymer; augmented reality Wang, H.; Su, P.