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MEMORIA FINAL De Proyectos De Innovación 2016-17 Universidad De Zaragoza

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MEMORIA FINAL De Proyectos De Innovación 2016-17 Universidad De Zaragoza MEMORIA FINAL de Proyectos de Innovación 2016-17 Universidad de Zaragoza 1 - Identificación del proyecto Código Título PIIDUZ_16_270 Estudio y diseño de una plataforma común de trabajo para la mejora del aprendizaje en el Grado en Ingeniería Informática 2 - Coordinadores del proyecto Cooordinador 1 Don Darío Suárez Gracia Correo Electrónico [email protected] Departamento Informática e Ingeniería de Sistemas Centro Escuela de Ingeniería y Arquitectura 3 - Resumen del proyecto Para el alumnado de ingeniería informática es importante tener una visión global de todos los niveles que forman los sistemas informáticos. La compartimentalización en asignaturas hace que en las mismas se trabaje normalmente en uno o dos niveles de abstracción, por lo que la visión global y transversal entre niveles a veces se pierde. La abstracción es un mecanismo mediante el cual la complejidad de un sistema informático es estratificada en niveles. Cada nivel define un interfaz de interacción con sus niveles vecinos ocultando al resto su implementación. Las asignaturas enseñan muy bien los interfaces y su implementación subyacente pero no las interacciones con el resto de los niveles. Este proyecto pretende romper esta tendencia. Para ello, se estudiará el modo de establecer una plataforma común de trabajo, y su respectivo material, con el objetivo de utilizarlo en múltiples asignaturas y dotar al alumnado de la visión global y transversal de los sistemas informáticos. 4 - Participantes en el proyecto Nombre y apellidos Correo Electrónico Departamento Centro/Institución Don José Luis Briz Velasco [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Don Víctor Viñals Yúfera [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Don Rubén Gran Tejero [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Don Jesus Javier Resano Ezcaray [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Doña María Villaroya Gaudó Maria.Villarroya@unizar. Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y es Sistemas Arquitectura Don Luis Manuel Ramos Martínez [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Doña Ana Cristina Murillo Arnal [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Don Enrique Torres Moreno [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura 1 Don Adolfo Muñoz Orbañanos [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Don Eduardo Montijano Muñoz [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura Don Alejandro Valero Bresó [email protected] Informática e Ingeniería de Escuela de Ingeniería y Sistemas Arquitectura 2 5 - Rellene, de forma esquemática, los siguientes campos a modo de ficha-resumen del proyecto Otras fuentes de Ninguna. financiación sin detallar cuantía Tipo de proyecto Este trabajo es un estudio y desarrollo para aumentar el conocimiento de los sistemas informáticos por parte (Experiencia, Estudio de los estudiantes de la titulación, en particular, de como interactuan los distintos niveles entre si. o Desarrollo) Contexto de El contexto de aplicación es el Grado en Ingeniería Informática en su totalidad. aplicación/Público objetivo (titulación,curso...) Curso académico en Al tratarse de un estudio y desarrollo sin presupuesto, aún esta en fase de pruebas, pero estamos deseando que se empezó a poder implantar el proyecto o bien en el curso 2017/2018, que será difícil, o en el 2018/2019 que se antoja aplicar este proyecto más probable. Interés y oportunidad El interés para la titulación es máximo porque los egresados no terminan ni de entender ni de asimilar la para la complejidad de los sistemas informáticos en su magnitud y tienen muchas dificultades para ver las institución/titulación interacciones entre los niveles y moverse entre ellos de manera transversal. Métodos/Técnicas/Acti Se ha realizado un análisis detallado de las plataformas a analizar, utilizando las técnicas de evaluación vidades utilizadas propias de la ingeniería informática. Tecnologías utilizadas La realización de este proyecto ha empleado de manera extensiva las tecnologías de la información (correo electrónico, mensajería instantanea, herramientas de edición cooperativa) para alcanzar sus objetivos. Tipo de innovación La innovación principal del proyecto es integrar actividades de asignaturas disconexas en un sistema introducida: qué informático global para que el alumnado perciba la complejidad y las interrelaciones entre los distintos soluciones nuevas o niveles de los que consta. Así esperamos que entienda y proponga mejoras sobre sistemas que antes hubiera creativas desarrolla analizado de un modo más liviano y con mucha menor profundidad. Impacto del proyecto El impacto del proyecto podría ser muy alto si pudieramos adquirir las posibles places que serían la base de plataforma común del proyecto y así realizar las pruebas que después nos permitirían dotar al alumnado de un entorno donde estudiar sistemas informáticos de manera integral. Características que lo Una vez implantado sólo sería necesario hacer proyectos de sistema completo y dividir su contenido entre hacen sostenible asignaturas. Consideramos que esta tarea nos resultaría fácil, ya que en la actualidad muchos participantes de este proyecto codirigen trabajos fin de grado, e incluso tesis doctorales, con conocimientos de distintas áreas lo que asegurará que los alumnos trabajen en varios niveles de un sistema informático. Consideramos que sería posible hacer una sesión al año de puesta en común de posibles proyectos para definirlos. Posible aplicación a Este proyecto es multidisciplinar desde su concepción y solicitud. El equipo de trabajo está compuesto por otras áreas de profesores de 3 áreas distintas y aplica a la titulación en su conjunto. Pensamos que puede ser interesante conocimiento para otras titulaciones conocer esta propuesta ya que probablemente podrían aplicarla en su titulación.De hecho, miembros del equipo de trabajo han colaborado con profesores del área de ingeniería mecánica y desde hace años les parece interesante implantar un laboratorio en donde se juntaran alumnos de multiples titulaciones 3 6 - Contexto del proyecto Necesidad a la que responde el proyecto, mejoras obtenidas respecto al estado del arte, conocimiento que se genera. La Ingeniería Informática utiliza la abstracción como mecanismo principal para construir sistemas y se utiliza en todos los niveles, desde el hardware hasta el software. Esencialmente, se pretende ocultar todos aquellos detalles, especialmente de implementación, irrelevantes en el contexto de utilización. Por ejemplo, el repertorio de instrucciones específica: las operaciones que un procesador puede ejecutar, su modelo de memoria, los registros, etcétera. Para un programador esta información es suficiente para ejecutar un programa en el procesador sin conocer en absoluto la implementación del mismo. El principio de abstracción establece unas fronteras muy claras entre las partes de los sistemas informáticos y de manera indirecta establece las divisorias entre las asignaturas que forman un grado en Ingeniería Informática. Siguiendo con el ejemplo anterior y tomando el grado que impartimos en la Universidad de Zaragoza, en la asignatura Arquitectura y Organización de Computadores 1 (AOC1) se enseña a los alumnos el repertorio de instrucciones y en Arquitectura y Organización de Computadores 2 (AOC2) se estudia su implementación. Sin lugar a dudas, estas divisiones tan fuertemente marcadas entre asignaturas ayudan en el proceso de aprendizaje, ya que centran al alumnado en los aspectos claves que deben aprender. Sin embargo, la desventaja es que muchas veces los alumnos pierden completamente el contexto general y la visión global del sistema, y terminan viendo el grado como un conjunto de "islas de conocimiento" sin relación entre sí. Bien es verdad que parte del profesorado realiza un esfuerzo por evitar este problema, pero idealmente se debería buscar una solución más general y global al grado. Nuestra idea es generar nuevos contenidos, sobre todo prácticos, que engloben conocimientos de múltiples asignaturas para que los alumnos establezcan "puentes entre las islas" y adquieran un sólida comprensión global y transversal de los sistemas informáticos. 4 7 - Objetivos iniciales del proyecto Qué se pretendía obtener cuando se solicitó el proyecto. El objetivo principal del proyecto es diseñar una plataforma de trabajo y sus actividades para que los alumnos la utilicen en múltiples asignaturas y adquieran una visión de conjunto en los sistemas informáticos, estableciendo puentes entre las distintas asignaturas. Para su consecución será necesario alcanzar varios sub-objetivos: 1. Capturar los requerimientos de múltiples asignaturas del grado para que la plataforma de trabajo sea lo más universal posible. Por ejemplo: la asignatura de Arquitectura y Organización de Computadores requiere poder trabajar sin sistema operativo; Visión por Computador necesita una plataforma a la que poder conectar una cámara; Programación de Sistemas Concurrentes y Distribuidos utiliza multiprocesadores o Informática Gráfica necesita una plataforma con un procesador gráfico GPU potente. 2. Analizar el mercado actual de plataformas de trabajo tales como Raspberry Pi, DragonBoard 410c, HiKey Board, BeagleBoards, etcétera, para determinar
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