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Canadiantechnical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No.1424

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Canadiantechnical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences No.1424 DFO Library MPO Biblio hèque tf, L -- 111 11 IIII 111 II ll 11 R. ID 12034 26 -- AR-ID Parasites and Diseases of Some AR-ID Marine Finfish Off Nova Scotia C.M. Morrison, G. McClelland', J. Cornick and D. Marcogliese2 Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Division Fisheries Research Branch Halifax Fisheries Research Laboratory Department of Fisheries and Oceans Scotia-Fundy Region Halifax, N.S. B3J 2S7 1 R.R. #1 Boutilier's Point Nova Scotia BOJ 1G0 2 Department of Biology Wake Forest University Winston-Salem North Carolina, U.S.A. 27109 January 1986 Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1424 a-D-? Fisheries Pêches and Oceans et Océans Canadd Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Technical reports contain scientific and technical information that contributes to existing knowledge but which is not normally appropriate for primary literature. Technical reports are directed primarily toward a worldwide audience and have an international distribution. No restriction is placed on subject matter and the series reflects the broad interests and policies of the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, namely, fisheries and aquatic sciences. Technical reports may be cited as full publications. The correct citation appears above the abstract of each report. Each report is abstracted in Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts and indexed in the Department's annual index to scientific and technical publications. Numbers 1-456 in this series were issued as Technical Reports of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada. Numbers 457-714 were issued as Department of the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service, Research and Development Directorate Technical Reports. Numbers 715-924 were issued as Department of Fisheries and the Environment, Fisheries and Marine Service Technical Reports. The current series name was changed with report number 925. Technical reports are produced regionally but are numbered nationally. Requests for individual reports will be filled by the issuing establishment listed on the front cover and title page. Out-of-stock reports will be supplied for a fee by commercial agents. Rapport technique canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques Les rapports techniques contiennent des renseignements scientifiques et techni- ques qui constituent une contribution aux connaissances actuelles, mais qui ne sont pas normalement appropriés pour la publication dans un journal scientifique. Les rapports techniques sont destinés essentiellement à un public international et ils sont distribués à cet échelon. Il n'y a aucune restriction quant au sujet; de fait, la série reflète la vaste gamme des intérêts et des politiques du ministère des Pêches et des Océans, c'est-à-dire les sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. Les rapports techniques peuvent être cités comme des publications complètes. Le titre exact paraît au-dessus du résumé de chaque rapport. Les rapports techniques sont résumés dans la revue Résumés des sciences aquatiques et halieutiques, et ils sont classés dans l'index annual des publications scientifiques et techniques du Ministère. Les numéros 1 à 456 de cette série ont été publiés à titre de rapports techniques de l'Office des recherches sur les pêcheries du Canada. Les numéros 457 à 714 sont parus à titre de rapports techniques de la Direction générale de la recherche et du développe- ment, Service des pêches et de la mer, ministère de l'Environnement. Les numéros 715 à 924 ont été publiés à titre de rapports techniques du Service des pêches et de la mer, ministère des Pêches et de l'Environnement. Le nom actuel de la série a été établi lors de la parution du numéro 925. Les rapports techniques sont produits à l'échelon régional, mais numérotés à l'échelon national. Les demandes de rapports seront satisfaites par l'établissement auteur dont le nom figure sur la couverture et la page du titre. Les rapports épuisés seront fournis contre rétribution par des agents commerciaux. 1 Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 1424 January 1986 PARASITES AND DISEASES OF SOME MARINE FINFISH OFF NOVA SCOTIA by C.M. Morrison, G. McClellandl, J. Cornick and D. Marcogliese 2 Fisheries and Environmental Sciences Division Fisheries Research Branch Halifax Fisheries Research Laboratory Department of Fisheries and Oceans .^-_,_•_-___-....^.... _.- - Scotia-Fundy Region pgpartmeni of ^13i1er^c5 & Oceans Halifax, N.S. NOV Il 1993 B3J 2S7 Minieère des i è^S^QS et dos ^^^ic'S:3t1s j O9 ÿf I"'^a ^^d 1 'R.R. #1 Boutilier's Point, Nova Scotia BOJ 1G0 zDepartment of Biology, Wake Forest University Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.A. 27109 11 (c) Minister of Supply and Services Canada 1986 Cat. No. Fs 97°6/1424E ISSN 0706°6457 Correct citation for this publication: Morrison, C.M., G. McClelland, J. Cornick and D. Marcogliese. 1986. Parasites and diseases of some Marine Finfish off Nova Scotia. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 1424: v+ 36 p. CONTENTS Abstract/Résumé . v Introduction . 1 Materials and methods . 1 Histopathology . 1 Parasitology . 1 Mi crobi ology . 2 Observations . 2 1. Gills . 2 2. Spleen . 3 3. Kidney . 3 4. Digestive tract . 4 5. Liver . 4 6. Gallbladder . 4 7. Swimbladder . 5 8. Heart . 5 9. Gonads . 5 10. Muscle and skin . 5 1 1 . Pseudobranch . 5 12. Blood smears . .. .. ... .. ... .. 5 Discussion . 5 New records . ... ... .. .. .. .... 6 Acknowledgements . .. .. ... ... ... .. 8 R ef er ences . .. .. .. ... .. .. ...... 8 Captions . 10 iv CONTENTS Figures . 14 Table 1- Histopathology - 1980 Survey - Scotian Banks . 26 Table 2- Histopathology - 1981 Survey - Approaches to Halifax harbour, off Chebucto Head . 28 Table 3- Histopathology - 1981 Survey - Emerald Bank. 31 Table 4- Histopathology - 1979 Herring Survey - Grand Manan, Bay of Fundy. 20 fish sampled . 33 Table 5- Histopathology - 1981 Herring Survey - Gulf of St. Lawrence. 20 fish sampled ( 1 0 from Escuminac, 1 0 from Shediac). ... 33 Table 6- Histopathology - 1982 Herring Survey, from Chebucto Head area in approaches to Halifax harbour. 28 fish sampled. ..... 33 Table 7- Histopathology - 1984 Pollock Survey, Dark Harbour, Grand Manan, near cages containing salmon (10 juveniles 28-33 cm long) .. 33 Table 8- Prevalence of some parasite species found during 1980 Marine fish survey of Scotian Bank. .. ... .. ..... 34 Table 9- Parasitology - species of parasites found and sites in samples 34 Table 10- Microbiological Surveys of Marine fish species by Fish Heal th Service Unit 1980-82 . .. .... 35 Table 11- Diagnoses - Individual Marine species cases submitted to the Fish Health Service Unit 1981-1984 . 36 ABSTRACT Morrison, C.M., G. McClelland, J. Cornick and D. Marcogliese. 1986. Parasites and diseases of some marine finfish off Nova Scotia. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sei. 1424: v + 36 p. The microbes and parasites, and the pathological changes produced by these and unknown agents are described in marine finfish off Nova Scotia. The histopathology of gills, liver, intestine, spleen, pyloric caeca, and in some cases kidney, head kidney, gonad, heart, swim-bladder, brain, thyroid, stomach, muscle, and any gross abnormalities were studied from alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus; herring, Clupea harengus harengus; cod, Gadus morhua; haddock, Melanogrammus aeglefinus; silver hake, Merluccius bilinearis; pollock, Pollachius virens; mackerel, Scomber scombrus; Atlantic wolffish, Anarhichas lupus; snake blenny, Lumpenus lumpretaeformis; redfish, Sebastes sp.; sea raven, Hemitripterus americanus; witch flounder, Glyptocephalus cynoglossus; halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus; American plaice, Hippoglossoides platessoides; yellowtail flounder, Limanda ferruginea and winter flounder Pseudopleuronectes americanus. Blood smears, preserved viscera and frozen bodies from some of these fish were examined for parasites. Samples of kidneys and sometimes other organs showing abnormalites were taken for bacteriological and viral examination. Several parasites and microbes were found in new hosts. These include prokaryote organisms in the gills of redfish, herring, halibut, snake blenny, sea raven and American plaice; Aeromonas salmonicida and Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis virus in cod; Ichthyobodo sp. in haddock; trichodinids on the gills of cod, mackerel and yellowtail flounder; coccidia in the livers of silver hake, mackerel and gaspereau and the kidneys of haddock and cod; haemogregarines in silver hake, mackerel, flatfish and redfish; myxosporidia in the gall bladder of pollock and the kidneys of cod and haddock; Hysterothylacium sp(p) in pollock and plerocercoids in redfish, pollock, sea raven and silver hake. Aporocotyle simplex was found to be more widespread than previously reported, and didymozoid trematodes were found in a mackerel from the Western Atlantic for the first time. Abnormalities were found in 89% of the gills sampled, and also the majority (55%) of the kidneys. Key Words: pathology, microbiology, parasites, prokaryotes, bacteria, viruses, protozoa, finfish. RESUME Morrison, C.M., G. McLelland, J. Cornick et D. Marcogliese. 1986. Parasites and diseases of some marine finfish off Nova Scotia. Can. Tech. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Soi. 1424: v + 36 p. On décrit les microbes et les parasites ainsi que leurs effets pathologiques et ceux d'agents inconnus sur le poisson de mer, à la hauteur de la Nouvelle-Ecosse. L'étude histopathologique a porté sur les branchies, le foie, les intestins, la rate, le caecum pylorique et, dans certains cas, sur les reins, le pronéphros, les gonades, le coeur, la vessie natatoire, le cerveau,
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