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CBD Strategy and Action Plan Copyright © Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment All right reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia For further information, please contact: Biodiversity and Forestry Management Division Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia Level 12, Wisma Sumber Asli No. 25, Persiaran Perdana, Precinct 4 62574 Putrajaya Malaysia www.nre.gov.my The MyBioD logo was launched by the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment in 2012. This logo serves as a vehicle to brand Malaysia’s rich biodiversity and to internalise the appreciation for this natural heritage with the view of generating awareness in line with the first Aichi Biodiversity Target. Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Malaysia. FOREWORD BY THE PRIME MINISTER alaysia’s biological diversity is among the richest in the world. Our rainforests harbour an enormous range of plants and animals including iconic species such as tigers, elephants, Orang Utans and massive trees towering more than 80 metres above the forest floor. Our seas are blessed with an Mextraordinary array of marine life. Our coastlines are fringed with productive mangroves and amazing coral reefs. All these help maintain our natural environment and give us food, water and numerous economic benefits. As we march forward to becoming a developed high-income nation, we continue to face challenges including threats to our biodiversity. Our economic growth, that is so crucial for the well-being of our people, places pressures on our flora and fauna. Many of our wild animals and plants and ecosystems are at risk. If we do not manage these challenges carefully, our natural environment, life support systems and economic well-being would be affected. Recognising these challenges, the government, through the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has formulated the National Policy on Biological Diversity 2016 – 2025 with inputs from various stakeholders. This new Policy serves as our guide for biodiversity management over the next 10 years. It emphasizes the need for continued conservation, sustainable utilisation and the sharing of benefits from biodiversity in a fair and equitable manner. It has clear targets, actions and timelines for implementation and calls for active participation by all stakeholders. This Policy also complements Malaysia’s obligation under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity and the Sustainable Development Goals. It is my fervent hope that with the support from all stakeholders, this Policy will be effectively implemented to ensure that our biodiversity is managed and used wisely for the well-being of our present and future generations. I call upon all the people of Malaysia to join hands to safeguard our biodiversity. Our biodiversity is our shared heritage. It is also our shared responsibility. DATO’ SRI MOHD. NAJIB BIN TUN HAJI ABDUL RAZAK 22 February 2016 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10 SECTION 1 18 INTRODUCTION OUR SHARED RESPONSIBILITY 20 THE NEED FOR THIS POLICY 20 BIODIVERSITY TREASURES OF MALAYSIA 21 RATIONALE FOR CONSERVING OUR BIODIVERSITY 25 THE CHALLENGE BEFORE US 28 EVERYONE HAS A PART TO PLAY 32 SECTION 2 34 KEY ELEMENTS OF THE POLICY POLICY STATEMENT 36 PRINCIPLES 36 GOALS, TARGETS AND ACTIONS 37 SECTION 3 96 IMPLEMENTATION FRAMEWORK A CALL FOR ACTION 98 ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION 98 COORDINATING PLATFORMS 100 PHASING 102 COMMUNICATING THE POLICY 103 MONITORING PROGRESS 103 REVIEW OF ACTIONS 103 REFERENCES 111 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS 1MBEON 1Malaysia Biodiversity Enforcement Operation Network ABS Access and Benefit Sharing AGC Attorney General’s Chambers ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEAN-WEN ASEAN Wildlife Enforcement Network BIMP-EAGA Brunei-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CBNRM Community Based Natural Resources Management CCA Community Conserved Area CEPA Communication, Education and Public Awareness CFS Central Forest Spine CHM Clearing House Mechanism CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CPB Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety CTI Coral Triangle Initiative DOE Department of Environment DTCP Department of Town and Country Planning (Peninsular Malaysia) DTRP Department of Town and Regional Planning (Sabah) DWNP Department of Wildlife and National Parks Peninsular Malaysia EAFM Ecosystems Approach to Fisheries Management EEZ Exclusive Economic Zone EPU Economic Planning Unit ESA Environmentally Sensitive Area FAO Food and Agricultural Organisation FMU Forest Management Unit FPA Fisheries Prohibited Area FRIM Forest Research Institute Malaysia GAP Good Agricultural Practice GDP Gross Domestic Product GMO Genetically Modified Organism GSTC Global Sustainable Tourism Criteria HCV High Conservation Value 8 HoB Heart of Borneo IAS Invasive Alien Species IPLC Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities IMO International Maritime Organisation IUCN International Union for Conservation of Nature IUU Illegal, Unreported and Unregulated LMO Living Modified Organism MAB Man and Biosphere MMEA Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Agency MOA Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-Based Industry MOE Ministry of Education MOF Ministry of Finance MOTAC Ministry of Tourism and Culture MUWHLG Ministry of Urban Wellbeing, Housing and Local Government MPAs Marine Protected Areas MPIC Ministry of Plantation Industries and Commodities MPOB Malaysian Palm Oil Board MPOC Malaysian Palm Oil Council MPOCC Malaysian Palm Oil Certification Council MSC Marine Stewardship Council MSPO Malaysian Sustainable Palm Oil MTCS Malaysian Timber Certification Scheme NAPP National Action Plan on Peatlands NBC National Biodiversity Centre NBR National Biodiversity Roundtable NCTF National Conservation Trust Fund for Natural Resources NPBD National Policy on Biological Diversity NRE Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment NSC-NPBD National Steering Committee for National Policy on Biological Diversity PA Protected Area PES Payment for Ecosystem Services PFE Permanent Forest Estate PPP Policy, Programme and Plan PSD Public Service Department R&D Research and Development RSPO Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil SaBC Sabah Biodiversity Centre SBC Sarawak Biodiversity Centre 2025 – DIVERSITY 2016 BIOLOGICAL ON POLICY NATIONAL SCP Sustainable Consumption and Production SEPU State Economic Planning Unit SFM Sustainable Forest Management SWD Sabah Wildlife Department TED Turtle Exclusion Device TEK Traditional Ecological Knowledge TK Traditional Knowledge WHC World Heritage Convention 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY THE CHALLENGE BEFORE US Malaysia is a megadiverse country. On land, our natural ecosystems consist of an immense variety of wild plants and animals including dipterocarp forests and montane forests, while our coastal and marine areas house important ecosystems such as mangrove forests and coral reefs. These natural ecosystems contain a diverse array of floral and faunal communities. There are an estimated 15,000 species of vascular plants in Malaysia, with about 8,300 species in Peninsular Malaysia and about 12,000 in Sabah and Sarawak. Fauna diversity includes 307 known species of mammals, 30 of which are endemic to Malaysia, 785 species of birds, 242 species of amphibians and 567 species of reptiles, as well as 2,068 species of freshwater and marine fishes. Our rich biodiversity constitutes an extraordinary natural capital that maintains our natural environment and the life-support systems that give us food, water and numerous economic benefits. We depend on it for our very existence. The first National Policy on Biological Diversity was formulated in 1998. Since then, the nation has undergone significant population increase and socio-economic changes; the population has increased from 23 million in 1998 to about 30 million in 2015; the per capita GDP has almost tripled and the country’s exports have grown seven folds. Numerous housing and industrial areas, townships and infrastructure have been built. The country’s transition to become a developed, high-income nation has exerted various pressures on our biodiversity, leaving many species vulnerable with some even facing threats of extinction. Nearly half of the nation’s plant diversity is facing various levels of threat. Other pressures that threaten Malaysia’s biodiversity include habitat fragmentation, invasive alien species, pollution, poaching, increasing competition for land as well as climate change. Furthermore, there is a general lack of awareness on the importance of biodiversity throughout the country as well as significant knowledge gaps. There are also weaknesses in management capacities and shortage of funding – both which are crucial to ensure that Malaysia’s biodiversity is effectively conserved. While the 1998 Policy provided direction in the past, the present and future challenges call for a Policy that will enable the nation to protect its biodiversity in the coming years. The National Policy on Biological Diversity 2016-2025 provides the direction and framework for us to conserve our biodiversity and use it sustainably in the face of the increasingly complex challenges. It also forms part of Malaysia’s response to the Convention on Biological Diversity’s Strategic Plan for Biodiversity
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