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Seismic Reflection Methods in Offshore Groundwater Research
geosciences Review Seismic Reflection Methods in Offshore Groundwater Research Claudia Bertoni 1,*, Johanna Lofi 2, Aaron Micallef 3,4 and Henning Moe 5 1 Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK 2 Université de Montpellier, CNRS, Université des Antilles, Place E. Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier, France; johanna.lofi@gm.univ-montp2.fr 3 Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, GEOMAR, 24148 Kiel, Germany; [email protected] 4 Marine Geology & Seafloor Surveying, Department of Geosciences, University of Malta, MSD 2080 Msida, Malta 5 CDM Smith Ireland Ltd., D02 WK10 Dublin, Ireland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 April 2020; Accepted: 26 July 2020; Published: 5 August 2020 Abstract: There is growing evidence that passive margin sediments in offshore settings host large volumes of fresh and brackish water of meteoric origin in submarine sub-surface reservoirs. Marine geophysical methods, in particular seismic reflection data, can help characterize offshore hydrogeological systems and yet the existing global database of industrial basin wide surveys remains untapped in this context. In this paper we highlight the importance of these data in groundwater exploration, by reviewing existing studies that apply physical stratigraphy and morpho-structural interpretation techniques to provide important information on—reservoir (aquifer) properties and architecture, permeability barriers, paleo-continental environments, sea-level changes and shift of coastal facies through time and conduits for water flow. We then evaluate the scientific and applied relevance of such methodology within a holistic workflow for offshore groundwater research. Keywords: submarine groundwater; continental margins; offshore water resources; seismic reflection 1. -
Technical Barriers and R&D Opportunities for Offshore, Sub-Seabed Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide
Technical Barriers and R&D Opportunities for Offshore, Sub-Seabed Geologic Storage of Carbon Dioxide Report Prepared for the Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum (CSLF) Technical Group By the Offshore Storage Technologies Task Force September 14, 2015 1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by participants in the Offshore Storage Task Force: Mark Ackiewicz (United States, Chair); Katherine Romanak, Susan Hovorka, Ramon Trevino, Rebecca Smyth, Tip Meckel (all from the University of Texas at Austin, United States); Chris Consoli (Global CCS Institute, Australia); Di Zhou (South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China); Tim Dixon, James Craig (IEA Greenhouse Gas R&D Programme); Ryozo Tanaka, Ziqui Xue, Jun Kita (all from RITE, Japan); Henk Pagnier, Maurice Hanegraaf, Philippe Steeghs, Filip Neele, Jens Wollenweber (all from TNO, Netherlands); Philip Ringrose, Gelein Koeijer, Anne-Kari Furre, Frode Uriansrud (all from Statoil, Norway); Mona Molnvik, Sigurd Lovseth (both from SINTEF, Norway); Rolf Pedersen (University of Bergen, Norway); Pål Helge Nøkleby (Aker Solutions, Norway) Brian Allison (DECC, United Kingdom), Jonathan Pearce, Michelle, Bentham (both from the British Geological Survey, United Kingdom), Jeremy Blackford (Plymouth Marine Laboratory, United Kingdom). Each individual and their respective country has provided the necessary resources to enable the development of this work. The task force members would like to thank John Huston of Leonardo Technologies, Inc. (United States), for coordinating and managing the information contained in the report. i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provides an overview of the current technology status, technical barriers, and research and development (R&D) opportunities associated with offshore, sub-seabed geologic storage of carbon dioxide (CO2). -
SPE 112246 Rapid Model Updating with Right-Time Data
SPE 112246 Rapid Model Updating with Right-Time Data - Ensuring Models Remain Evergreen for Improved Reservoir Management Stephen J. Webb, David E. Revus, Angela M. Myhre, Roxar, Nigel H. Goodwin, K. Neil B. Dunlop, John R. Heritage, Energy Scitech Ltd. Copyright 2008, Society of Petroleum Engineers evergreen and providing the most up-to-date basis for the This paper was prepared for presentation at the 2008 SPE Intelligent Energy Conference making of important reservoir management decisions. and Exhibition held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 25–27 February 2008. This paper was selected for presentation by an SPE program committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper Introduction have not been reviewed by the Society of Petroleum Engineers and are subject to Since the early days of reservoir simulation, history correction by the author(s). The material does not necessarily reflect any position of the 1 Society of Petroleum Engineers, its officers, or members. Electronic reproduction, matching has been identified as one of the best methods distribution, or storage of any part of this paper without the written consent of the Society of Petroleum Engineers is prohibited. Permission to reproduce in print is restricted to an of validating a reservoir model’s predictive capabilities. abstract of not more than 300 words; illustrations may not be copied. The abstract must Often long periods of time have been spent adjusting the contain conspicuous acknowledgment of SPE copyright. reservoir description so that the reservoir simulator’s calculated results match the observed data from the reservoir. -
Technical Report 08-05 Skb-Tr-98-05
SE9900011 TECHNICAL REPORT 08-05 SKB-TR-98-05 The Very Deep Hole Concept - Geoscientific appraisal of conditions at great depth C Juhlin1, T Wallroth2, J Smellie3, T Eliasson4, C Ljunggren5, B Leijon3, J Beswick6 1 Christopher Juhlin Consulting 2 Bergab Consulting Geologists 3 ConterraAB 4 Geological Survey of Sweden 5 Vattenfall Hydropower AB 6 EDECO Petroleum Services Ltd June 1998 30- 07 SVENSK KARNBRANSLEHANTERING AB SWEDISH NUCLEAR FUEL AND WASTE MANAGEMENT CO P.O.BOX 5864 S-102 40 STOCKHOLM SWEDEN PHONE +46 8 459 84 00 FAX+46 8 661 57 19 THE VERY DEEP HOLE CONCEPT • GEOSCIENTIFIC APPRAISAL OF CONDITIONS AT GREAT DEPTH CJuhlin1, T Wai froth2, J Smeflie3, TEIiasson4, C Ljunggren5, B Leijon3, J Beswick6 1 Christopher Juhlin Consulting 2 Bergab Consulting Geologists 3 Conterra AB 4 Geological Survey of Sweden 5 Vattenfall Hydropower AB 6 EDECO Petroleum Services Ltd. June 1998 This report concerns a study which was conducted for SKB. The conclusions and viewpoints presented in the report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily coincide with those of the client. Information on SKB technical reports froml 977-1978 (TR 121), 1979 (TR 79-28), 1980 (TR 80-26), 1981 (TR 81-17), 1982 (TR 82-28), 1983 (TR 83-77), 1984 (TR 85-01), 1985 (TR 85-20), 1986 (TR 86-31), 1987 (TR 87-33), 1988 (TR 88-32), 1989 (TR 89-40), 1990 (TR 90-46), 1991 (TR 91-64), 1992 (TR 92-46), 1993 (TR 93-34), 1994 (TR 94-33), 1995 (TR 95-37) and 1996 (TR 96-25) is available through SKB. -
Geo V18i2 with Covers in Place.Indd
VOL. 18, NO. 2 – 2021 GEOSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EXPLAINED GEO EDUCATION Geoscientists for the Energy Transition INDUSTRY ISSUES Gas Flaring EXPLORATION Alaska Anxiously Awaits its Fate GEOPHYSICS Nimble Nodes ENERGY TRANSITION Increasing Energy While Decreasing Carbon geoexpro.com GEOExPro May 2021 1 Previous issues: www.geoexpro.com Contents Vol. 18 No. 2 This issue of GEO ExPro focuses on North GEOSCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY EXPLAINED America; New Technologies and the Future for Geoscientists. 30 West Texas! Land of longhorn cattle, 5 Editorial mesquite, and fiercely independent ranchers. It also happens to be the 6 Regional Update: The Third Growth location of an out-of-the-way desert gem, Big Bend National Park. Gary Prost Phase of the Haynesville Play takes us on a road trip and describes the 8 Licencing Update: PETRONAS geology of this beautiful area. Launches Malaysia Bid Round, 2021 48 10 A Minute to Read The effects of contourite systems on deep water 14 Cover Story: Gas Flaring sediments can be subtle or even cryptic. However, in recent years 20 Seismic Foldout: The Greater Orphan some significant discoveries and Basin the availability of high-quality regional scale seismic data, 26 Energy Transition: Critical Minerals has drawn attention to the from Petroleum Fields frequent presence of contourite dominated bedforms. 30 GEO Tourism: Big Bend Country 34 Energy Transition Update: Increasing Energy While Decreasing Carbon 36 Hot Spot: North America 52 Seismic node systems developed in the past 38 GEO Education: Geoscientists for the decade were not sufficiently compact to efficiently Energy Transition acquire dense seismic in any environment. To answer this challenge, BP, in collaboration 42 Seismic Foldout: Ultra-Long Offsets with Rosneft and Schlumberger, developed a new nimble node system, now being developed Signal a Bright Future for OBN commercially by STRYDE. -
Energy Intensity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Crude Oil Production in the Eagle Ford Region: Input Data and Analysis Methods
Energy Intensity and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Crude Oil Production in the Eagle Ford Region: Input Data and Analysis Methods Abbas Ghandi1, Sonia Yeh1, Adam R. Brandt2, Kourosh Vafi2, Hao Cai3, Michael Q. Wang3, Bridget R. Scanlon4, Robert C. Reedy4 1Institute of Transportation Studies, University of California, Davis 2Department of Energy Resources Engineering, Stanford University 3Systems Assessment Group, Argonne National Laboratory 4Bureau of Economic Geology, Jackson School of Geosciences, Univ. of Texas at Austin Institute of Transportation Studies University of California, Davis September 2015 Prepared for Systems Assessment Group Energy Systems Division Argonne National Laboratory TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................................... 1 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 3 2 METHODS ..................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Data summary ..................................................................................................................... 6 2.2 Monthly production and completion ................................................................................. 6 2.3 API gravity ........................................................................................................................ 13 2.4 -
Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4Th Conference Volume 1 Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4Th Conference
Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4th Conference Volume 1 Petroleum Geology of Northwest Europe: Proceedings of the 4th Conference held at the Barbican Centre, London 29 March-1 April 1992 Volume 1 edited by J. R. Parker Shell UK Exploration and Production, London with I. D. Bartholomew Oryx UK Energy Company, Uxbridge W. G. Cordey Shell UK Exploration and Production, London R. E. Dunay Mobil North Sea Limited, London O. Eldholm University of Oslo A. J. Fleet BP Research, Sunbury A. J. Fraser BP Exploration, Glasgow K. W. Glennie Consultant, Ballater J. H. Martin Imperial College, London M. L. B. Miller Petroleum Science and Technology Institute, Edinburgh C. D. Oakman Reservoir Research Limited, Glasgow A. M. Spencer Statoil, Stavanger M. A. Stephenson Enterprise Oil, London B. A. Vining Esso Exploration and Production UK Limited, Leatherhead T. J. Wheatley Total Oil Marine pic, Aberdeen - 1993 Published by The Geological Society London THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY The Society was founded in 1807 as The Geological Society of London and is the oldest geological society in the world. It received its Royal Charter in 1825 for the purpose of 'investigating the mineral structure of the Earth'. The Society is Britain's national learned society for geology with a membership of 7500 (1992). It has countrywide coverage and approximately 1000 members reside overseas. The Society is responsible for all aspects of the geological sciences including professional matters. The Society has its own publishing house which produces the Society's international journals, books and maps, and which acts as the European distributor for publications of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists and the Geological Society of America. -
Integration of Seismic and Petrophysics to Characterize Reservoirs in ‘‘ALA’’ Oil Field, Niger Delta
Hindawi Publishing Corporation The Scientific World Journal Volume 2013, Article ID 421720, 15 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/421720 Research Article Integration of Seismic and Petrophysics to Characterize Reservoirs in ‘‘ALA’’ Oil Field, Niger Delta P. A. Alao, S. O. Olabode, and S. A. Opeloye Department of Applied Geology, Federal University of Technology Akure, P.M.B 704 Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria Correspondence should be addressed to P. A. Alao; [email protected] Received 9 April 2013; Accepted 25 June 2013 Academic Editors: M. Faure and G.-L. Yuan Copyright © 2013 P. A. Alao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. In the exploration and production business, by far the largest component of geophysical spending is driven by the need to characterize (potential) reservoirs. The simple reason is that better reservoir characterization means higher success rates and fewer wells for reservoir exploitation. In this research work, seismic and well log data were integrated in characterizing the reservoirs on “ALA” field in Niger Delta. Three-dimensional seismic data was used to identify the faults and map the horizons. Petrophysical parameters and time-depth structure maps were obtained. Seismic attributes was also employed in characterizing the reservoirs. Seven hydrocarbon-bearing reservoirs with thickness ranging from 9.9 to 71.6 m were delineated. Structural maps of horizons in six wells containing hydrocarbon-bearing zones with tops and bottoms at range of −2,453 to −3,950 m were generated; this portrayed the trapping mechanism to be mainly fault-assisted anticlinal closures. -
Best Research Support and Anti-Plagiarism Services and Training
CleanScript Group – best research support and anti-plagiarism services and training List of oil field acronyms The oil and gas industry uses many jargons, acronyms and abbreviations. Obviously, this list is not anywhere near exhaustive or definitive, but this should be the most comprehensive list anywhere. Mostly coming from user contributions, it is contextual and is meant for indicative purposes only. It should not be relied upon for anything but general information. # 2D - Two dimensional (geophysics) 2P - Proved and Probable Reserves 3C - Three components seismic acquisition (x,y and z) 3D - Three dimensional (geophysics) 3DATW - 3 Dimension All The Way 3P - Proved, Probable and Possible Reserves 4D - Multiple Three dimensional's overlapping each other (geophysics) 7P - Prior Preparation and Precaution Prevents Piss Poor Performance, also Prior Proper Planning Prevents Piss Poor Performance A A&D - Acquisition & Divestment AADE - American Association of Drilling Engineers [1] AAPG - American Association of Petroleum Geologists[2] AAODC - American Association of Oilwell Drilling Contractors (obsolete; superseded by IADC) AAR - After Action Review (What went right/wrong, dif next time) AAV - Annulus Access Valve ABAN - Abandonment, (also as AB) ABCM - Activity Based Costing Model AbEx - Abandonment Expense ACHE - Air Cooled Heat Exchanger ACOU - Acoustic ACQ - Annual Contract Quantity (in reference to gas sales) ACQU - Acquisition Log ACV - Approved/Authorized Contract Value AD - Assistant Driller ADE - Asphaltene -
Reservoir Simulation-Based Modeling for Characterizing Longwall Methane Emissions and Gob Gas Venthole Production
Reservoir simulation-based modeling for characterizing longwall methane emissions and gob gas venthole production C.O. Karacan , G.S. Esterhuizen, S.J. Schatzel, W.P. Diamond National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), PiPinsburgh Research Laboratory, United States Abstract Longwall mining alters the fluid-flow-related reservoir properties of the rocks overlying and underlying an extracted panel due to fracturing and relaxation of the strata. These mining-related disturbances create new pressure depletion zones and new flow paths for gas migration and may cause unexpected or uncontrolled migration ofgas into the underground workplace. One common technique to control methane emissions in longwall mines is to drill vertical gob gas ventholes into each longwall panel to capture the methane within the overlying fractured strata before it enters the work environment. Thus, it is important to optimize the well parameters, e.g., the borehole diameter, and the length and position of the slotted casing interval relative to the hctured gas-bearing zones. This paper presents the development and results of a comprehensive, "dynamic," three-dimensional reservoir model of a typical multipanel Pittsburgh coalbed longwall mine. The alteration of permeability fields in and above the panels as a result of the mining- induced disturbances has been estimated from mechanical modeling of the overlying rock mass. Model calibration was performed through history matching the gas production &om gob gas ventholes in the study area. Results presented in this paper include a simulation of gas flow patterns from the gas-bearing zones in the overlying strata to the mine environment, as well as the influence of completion practices on optimizing gas production from gob gas ventholes. -
Approach Optimizes Well Geosteering
SEPTEMBER 2018 The “Better Business” Publication Serving the Exploration / Drilling / Production Industry Approach Optimizes Well Geosteering By Christopher Viens When a change in total gamma is not based 3-D geosteering solution rather and Mark Tomlinson associated with an up or down movement than conventional 2-D geosteering soft- through stratigraphy, it indicates faulting, ware. By integrating multiple well and HOUSTON–Geosteering in horizontal a depositional anomaly, heterogeneity, or seismic surface inputs, this approach wells involves correlating logging data bedding that is not laterally continuous gives the geosteering geologist the infor- to a type log from a nearby offset well to or stratified. Because the fundamental mation to confidently resolve abrupt bed characterize the zone of interest. Corre- basis of geosteering is correlating to dip changes, identify faults, identify areas lating against a type log requires the bed- marker beds that have lateral continuity, of lateral continuity/discontinuity, identify ding thickness and gamma character of in situations where lateral continuity is stratified/unstratified zones and understand the target well to be close to that of the absent, only a low level of interpretation formation-related directional drilling tra- type log, which can be offset by miles in confidence can be achieved using tradi- jectory phenomena, etc. some cases. If not, the resulting geosteering tional correlation methods. interpretation will have unreasonable bed To maximize the benefits of azimuthal Laterally Continuous Bedding dips that do not accurately reflect the gamma imaging, a protocol has been de- In areas with laterally continuous target lithology being drilled, leaving the veloped to identify and handle challenging strata, the gamma character in the type geosteering geologist running multiple geosteering situations using a model- well typically will be present at the simultaneous interpretations in the hope that one will start to make sense as new data come in during drilling. -
Hydrocarbon Reservoir Modeling: Comparison Between Theoretical and Real Petrophysical Properties from the Namorado Field (Brazil) Case Study
Hydrocarbon reservoir modeling: comparison between theoretical and real petrophysical properties from the Namorado Field (Brazil) case study. Hashimoto, Marcos Deguti, Student from the Master in Oil Engineering E-mail: [email protected] 1. Abstract In reservoir characterization and modeling, due to information-acquisition’s high costs, frequently only indirect measurements of the subsurface properties such as seismic reflection data is available. In the worst-case scenario, only regional geological information is at disposal. In an attempt to provide deeper insights over the study area, with low costs, modeling synthetic reservoirs has been a reliable tool to better characterize reservoir/prospects. In this work two synthetic hydrocarbons reservoirs were modelled recurring to two different approaches to characterize Earth’s subsurface petrophysical (facies, porosity and permeability) and elastic (P-wave, S-wave and density) properties. In the second half of 2013, during the IST (Instituto Superior Técnico) Internship, a synthetic reservoir was conceived and modeled using Namorado Field’s (Campos Basin, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) as reference. During this intern public data, knowledge, papers, books and dissertations were gathered. In order to validate and certify this outcome, a new synthetic reservoir was proposed, but this time using real data for this field provided by the Brazilian Oil & Gas Agency (ANP). This dissertation addresses the comparison between the theoretical and real synthetic reservoir results, validating the first reservoir step-by-step. The major conclusion reached confirms that the theoretical synthetic reservoir outputs reliable results, however with caution in some of the modelled properties. Keywords: Hydrocarbon synthetic reservoir, Reservoir Modeling, Rock Physics Model, Petrophysical properties, Namorado Field, Campos Basin (Brazil).